Impedance-characterization-based tool and method for monitoring formation water influx while drilling

Abstract

An impedance-characterization-based tool and method for monitoring formation water influx while drilling. The tool comprises a body (1), a measurement circuit board (2) and a pair of electrode plates, wherein the body (1) is arranged between a measurement-while-drilling tool and a screw, a first cavity (4) and a second cavity (6) are provided in a side wall of the body (1), a lead hole (3) vertically runs through the body (1), and a power line is introduced into the lead hole (3) to electrically connect to the measurement circuit board (2); the measurement circuit board (2) is fixed in the first cavity (4), and the first cavity (4) is covered with a first cover plate (5); and the pair of electrode plates is fixed in the second cavity (6), the second cavity (6) is covered with a second cover plate (7), the second cover plate (7) is hollowed-out, and the pair of electrode plates is electrically connected to the measurement circuit board (2). The measurement circuit board (2) is configured to apply a zero-phase alternating-current input signal to the pair of electrode plates, and to measure a phase difference between the input signal and a signal under measurement that is generated by the pair of electrode plates in an oil-based drilling fluid; and the measurement circuit board (2) is further configured to determine the water content of the oil-based drilling fluid by using the phase difference and a fitting formula, and to send the water content to the surface by means of the measurement-while-drilling tool.

Description

Impedance characterization-based formation water production monitoring tool and monitoring method while drilling

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202311184000.7 filed on September 13, 2023, entitled “Drilling formation water production monitoring tool and monitoring method based on impedance characterization”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present invention relates to the technical field of downhole measurement while drilling, and in particular to a tool and method for monitoring formation water production while drilling based on impedance characterization. Background Art

[0003] In drilling operations, oil-based drilling fluids offer numerous advantages, including excellent wellbore stability, lubricity, high-temperature resistance, resistance to salt and calcium intrusion, and minimal damage to oil and gas reservoirs. Currently, oil-based drilling fluids have become a crucial tool for drilling challenging, high-temperature deep wells, highly deviated directional wells, horizontal wells, and various complex formations. With the continued advancement of oil exploration and the increasing complexity of geological conditions, the application of oil-based drilling fluids has become increasingly widespread. Although a certain proportion of water is added during the preparation of oil-based drilling fluids, if formation water mixes with the fluid during drilling, the excess water can alter the fluid's density, emulsification properties, and other properties, thereby increasing drilling risks.

[0004] When drilling with oil-based drilling fluid, the presence of formation water inevitably alters the fluid's water content, leading to a change in the oil-to-water ratio. Therefore, monitoring the water content of oil-based drilling fluids through the solid-phase burning method can be used to evaluate the oil-to-water ratio. However, this method can only be performed in a surface laboratory. Whenever testing is required, samples must be taken from the ground and then measured under specific experimental conditions. The solid-phase burning method for water content testing is complex and cannot provide timely monitoring of oil-based drilling fluid performance, nor can it provide an immediate reflection of the fluid's water content.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above problems of the prior art, the purpose of this specification is to provide a tool and method for monitoring water production while drilling based on impedance characterization, so as to solve the problem that the prior art cannot immediately reflect the water content of oil-based drilling fluid.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the specific technical solutions of this specification are as follows:

[0008] In one aspect, this specification provides a tool for monitoring formation water production while drilling based on impedance characterization, comprising:

[0009] Main body, measurement circuit board and a pair of electrode plates;

[0010] The main body is arranged between the drilling measurement tool and the screw, the side wall of the main body is provided with a first cavity and a second cavity, and a lead hole is vertically penetrated in the main body, and a power line is introduced into the lead hole to be electrically connected to the measurement circuit board;

[0011] The measurement circuit board is fixed in the first cavity, and the first cavity is covered with a first cover plate;

[0012] The pair of electrode plates are fixed in the second cavity, the second cavity is covered with a second cover plate, the second cover plate is hollow, and the pair of electrode plates are electrically connected to the measurement circuit board;

[0013] The measuring circuit board is used to apply a zero-phase AC input signal to the pair of electrode plates, detect the phase difference between the measured signal generated by the pair of electrode plates in the oil-based drilling fluid and the input signal; and is also used to use the phase difference and a fitting formula to determine the water content of the oil-based drilling fluid and send it to the ground through the measurement while drilling tool.

[0014] As an embodiment of the present specification, the measurement circuit board includes: a processing module, a power supply module, an oscillation module, a low-pass module, a filtering module, a rectifier module, a sampling module and a communication module;

[0015] The power supply module is configured to receive the energy supply signal sent by the power line, and step down the energy supply signal before sending it to the processing module, the oscillation module, the low-pass module, the filtering module, the rectifier module, the sampling module, and the communication module;

[0016] The processing module is configured to send an excitation signal to the oscillation module;

[0017] The oscillation module is used to generate a square wave and send it to the low-pass module;

[0018] The low-pass module is used to convert the square wave into a sine wave, and amplify the sine wave to generate the input signal, which is sent to the filter module and the pair of electrode plates respectively. After receiving the input signal, the pair of electrode plates generates a measured signal in the oil-based drilling fluid;

[0019] The filtering module is used to filter the input signal and the measured signal for noise, and send the signals to the rectifier module;

[0020] The rectifier module is used to convert the input signal and the measured signal into a DC form and send the DC form to the sampling module;

[0021] The sampling module is used to sample the amplitude and phase of the input signal and the measured signal, and send them to the processing module;

[0022] The processing module is further configured to calculate a phase difference between the input signal and the measured signal, and use the phase difference and a fitting formula to determine the water content of the oil-based drilling fluid, and send the result to the communication module;

[0023] The communication module is used to send the water content to the ground through the measurement while drilling tool.

[0024] As an embodiment of the present specification, the pair of electrode plates includes a first electrode plate and a second electrode plate;

[0025] The pair of electrode plates are electrically connected to the measurement circuit board via a pin module

[0026] The pin module includes two high-temperature wires, two pins and two pin rubber sleeves;

[0027] One end of each of the two high-temperature wires is connected to the low-pass module to receive the input signal sent by the low-pass module, and the other end of each of the two high-temperature wires is connected to the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate via pins, respectively;

[0028] The first electrode plate and the second electrode plate are both connected to the filter module and send the measured signal to the filter module.

[0029] As an embodiment of this specification, the measurement circuit board further includes a circuit temperature measurer;

[0030] The circuit temperature measuring device is used to measure the circuit temperature of the measurement circuit board and send the measured temperature to the processing module;

[0031] After receiving the circuit temperature, the processing module switches to a different fitting formula to determine the water content of the oil-based drilling fluid.

[0032] As an embodiment of this specification, the measurement circuit board further includes a data storage module;

[0033] The data storage module is used to store the water content of the oil-based drilling fluid after receiving the storage instruction from the processing module.

[0034] As an embodiment of this specification, the measurement circuit board further includes a display module;

[0035] The display module is electrically connected to the data storage module and is used to display the moisture content stored in the data storage module.

[0036] As an embodiment of this specification, sealing rings are provided at the upper and lower ends of the main body, and the internal material of the sealing rings is copper; the sealing ring at the upper end of the main body is connected to the measurement while drilling tool; the sealing ring at the lower end of the main body is connected to the screw.

[0037] As an embodiment of the present specification, a flat head screw is also included;

[0038] The first cover plate and the second cover plate are respectively covered on the first cavity and the second cavity by the flat head screws;

[0039] The first cavity and the second cavity are vertically arranged on the side wall of the main body.

[0040] As an embodiment of the present specification, the first cover plate is in a fully sealed shape;

[0041] The hollow shape of the second cover plate is interference-fitted with the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate, so that the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate pass through the hollow portion of the second cover plate and contact the oil-based drilling fluid.

[0042] On the other hand, this specification also provides a method for monitoring formation water production while drilling based on impedance characterization, comprising:

[0043] supplying power to the measurement circuit board via a power line;

[0044] After the measuring circuit board steps down the voltage, it applies a zero-phase sinusoidal AC signal to the pair of electrode plates;

[0045] sampling a phase difference when the pair of electrode plates are in the oil-based drilling fluid, and calculating the water content of the oil-based drilling fluid according to the phase difference and a preset fitting formula;

[0046] The water content of the oil-based drilling fluid is sent to the surface through a measurement while drilling tool.

[0047] By adopting the above technical solution, a zero-phase AC input signal is applied to a pair of electrode plates. When the pair of electrode plates come into contact with the oil-based drilling fluid, the circuit of the electrode plates is changed, thereby changing the phase of the measured signal output by the electrode plates. By determining the phase difference between the measured signal and the input signal, the phase difference and the fitting formula are used to calculate the water content of the oil-based drilling fluid, and then the data is sent to the ground in real time through the measurement while drilling tool, which can improve the immediacy of the water content measurement of the oil-based drilling fluid.

[0048] In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of this specification more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this specification or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this specification. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0050] FIG1 shows a top view of a formation water production monitoring tool while drilling based on impedance characterization according to an embodiment of this specification;

[0051] FIG2 shows a cross-sectional view of a formation water production monitoring tool while drilling based on impedance characterization according to an embodiment of this specification;

[0052] FIG3 shows a first schematic diagram of a measurement circuit board according to an embodiment of this specification;

[0053] FIG4 shows a schematic diagram of a circuit circulation in an embodiment of this specification;

[0054] FIG5 shows a second schematic diagram of a measurement circuit board according to an embodiment of this specification;

[0055] FIG6 shows a third schematic diagram of a measurement circuit board according to an embodiment of this specification;

[0056] FIG7 shows a fourth schematic diagram of a measurement circuit board according to an embodiment of this specification;

[0057] FIG8 shows a schematic diagram of a method for monitoring formation water production while drilling based on impedance characterization according to an embodiment of this specification;

[0058] FIG9 shows a schematic diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present specification.

[0059] Description of the accompanying symbols:

[0060] 1. Subject;

[0061] 2. Measure the circuit board;

[0062] 3. Lead hole;

[0063] 4. First cavity;

[0064] 5. First cover plate;

[0065] 6. Second cavity;

[0066] 7. Second cover plate;

[0067] 8. Flat head screws;

[0068] 9. Processing module;

[0069] 10. Power module;

[0070] 11. Oscillation module;

[0071] 12. Low-pass module;

[0072] 13. Filter module;

[0073] 14. Rectifier module;

[0074] 15. Sampling module;

[0075] 16. Communication module;

[0076] 17. High temperature wire;

[0077] 18. Pin;

[0078] 19. Pin rubber sleeve;

[0079] 20. First electrode plate;

[0080] 21. Second electrode plate;

[0081] 22. Circuit temperature measuring device;

[0082] 23. Data storage module;

[0083] 24. Display module;

[0084] 25. Sealing ring;

[0085] 902. Computer equipment;

[0086] 904, processor;

[0087] 906. Memory;

[0088] 908, driving mechanism;

[0089] 910, input / output module;

[0090] 912. Input devices;

[0091] 914. Output device;

[0092] 916. Presentation equipment;

[0093] 918. Graphical User Interface;

[0094] 920, network interface;

[0095] 922, communication link;

[0096] 924. Communication bus. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0097] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this specification to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this specification, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this specification, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this specification.

[0098] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in this specification, the claims, and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a particular order or precedence. It should be understood that the terms used in this manner are interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of this specification described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, apparatus, product, or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to such processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0099] FIG1 is a top view of a formation water production monitoring tool based on impedance characterization, and FIG2 is a cross-sectional view of a formation water production monitoring tool based on impedance characterization, including:

[0100] Main body 1, measuring circuit board 2 and a pair of electrode plates;

[0101] The main body 1 is arranged between the drilling measurement tool and the screw. The side wall of the main body 1 is provided with a first cavity 4 and a second cavity 6. A lead hole 3 is vertically penetrated in the main body 1. The power line is introduced into the lead hole 3 to be electrically connected to the measurement circuit board 2.

[0102] The measuring circuit board 2 is fixed in the first cavity 4 , and the first cavity 4 is covered with a first cover plate 5 ;

[0103] The pair of electrode plates are fixed in the second cavity 6. The second cavity 6 is covered with a second cover plate 7. The second cover plate 7 is hollow. The pair of electrode plates are electrically connected to the measurement circuit board 2.

[0104] The measuring circuit board 2 is used to apply a zero-phase AC input signal to the pair of electrode plates, detect the phase difference between the measured signal generated by the pair of electrode plates in the oil-based drilling fluid and the input signal; and is also used to use the phase difference and the fitting formula to determine the water content of the oil-based drilling fluid, and send it to the ground through the measurement while drilling tool.

[0105] By adopting the above technical solution, a zero-phase AC input signal is applied to a pair of electrode plates. When the pair of electrode plates come into contact with the oil-based drilling fluid, the circuit of the electrode plates is changed, thereby changing the phase of the measured signal output by the electrode plates. By determining the phase difference between the measured signal and the input signal, the phase difference and the fitting formula are used to calculate the water content of the oil-based drilling fluid, and then the data is sent to the ground in real time through the measurement while drilling tool, which can improve the immediacy of the water content measurement of the oil-based drilling fluid.

[0106] In this specification, the main body 1 can be made of non-magnetic steel, is located between the MWD tool and the screw, and is approximately 2000 mm long. In this specification, sealing rings 25 are provided at the upper and lower ends of the main body 1, and the inner material of the sealing rings 25 is copper. The sealing ring 25 at the upper end of the main body 1 is connected to the MWD tool, and the sealing ring 25 at the lower end of the main body 1 is connected to the screw. When using the detection device described in this specification, the sealing ring 25 at the upper end of the main body 1 connects the main body 1 to the MWD tool, and the sealing ring 25 at the lower end of the main body 1 connects the main body 1 to the screw. In the prior art, the diameter of the drill bit is usually larger than the diameter of the drill pipe, drill collar and measurement while drilling tool. The oil-based drilling fluid is injected from the ground into the underground inside the drill pipe, passes through the measurement while drilling tool, drill collar, screw and drill bit in sequence, and diffuses outside the drill bit, gradually returning from underground to the ground. Since the deep well and ultra-deep well sections are long (about 5,000 meters or more in length), if the water content of the oil-based drilling fluid near the screw needs to be tested, it is necessary to wait for the drilling fluid to return to the wellhead, which usually takes more than a few hours. Therefore, the timeliness of the prior art is not strong and the test accuracy is low. In this specification, a pair of electrode plates in the main body 1 are used to determine the phase change of the signal caused by different water contents of the oil-based drilling fluid, and finally the water content of the oil-based drilling fluid is calculated by a fitting formula. Then, the water content is sent to the ground through the measurement while drilling tool (MWD, Measure While Drilling). After the ground personnel collect the water content, they invert the environment of the screw and the drill bit to guide the drilling work.

[0107] In this specification, the measuring circuit board 2 is fixed in the first cavity 4 by means of high-temperature resistant glue. Since the measuring circuit board 2 needs to be kept dry, the first cover plate 5 needs to have a waterproof function. In this specification, the first cover plate 5 is a fully sealed shape. The measuring circuit board 2 is fixed in the first cavity 4 by cooperating with the first cover plate 5 and the first cavity 4.

[0108] In this specification, a pair of electrode plates, comprising a first electrode plate 20 and a second electrode plate 21, are required to contact the oil-based drilling fluid. The second cover plate 7 herein is hollowed out, creating an interference fit with the first and second electrode plates 20, 21, allowing the first and second electrode plates 20, 21 to penetrate the hollowed-out portions of the second cover plate 7 and contact the oil-based drilling fluid. In this structure, the second cover plate 7 secures the first and second electrode plates 20, 21 within the second cavity 6, preventing the plates from falling out due to drill pipe vibration.

[0109] In this specification, the first cover plate 5 and the second cover plate 7 are respectively covered on the first cavity 4 and the second cavity 6 by the flat head screws 8 .

[0110] In a preferred embodiment, the first cavity 4 and the second cavity 6 are vertically arranged on the side wall of the main body 1 .

[0111] As shown in the first schematic diagram of the measurement circuit board in FIG3 , the measurement circuit board 2 includes: a processing module 9, a power supply module 10, an oscillation module 11, a low-pass module 12, a filtering module 13, a rectifier module 14, a sampling module 15 and a communication module 16;

[0112] The power supply module 10 is used to receive the energy supply signal sent by the power line, and then step down the voltage of the energy supply signal and send it to the processing module 9, the oscillation module 11, the low-pass module 12, the filtering module 13, the rectifier module 14, the sampling module 15, and the communication module 16. During the on-site drilling process, the power supply module 10 is powered by a 36V DC power supply via a single bus (a single wire for both power supply and signal transmission). The power supply module 10 then steps down the 36V voltage to 5V and sends it to the remaining modules.

[0113] The processing module 9 is used to send an excitation signal to the oscillation module 11. In this specification, the excitation signal is generated by the processing module 9. The excitation signal can be a square wave, a pulse wave or a triangle wave, which is not limited in this specification.

[0114] The oscillation module 11 is used to generate a square wave and send it to the low-pass module 12;

[0115] The low-pass module 12 is used to convert the square wave into a sine wave, and amplify the sine wave to generate the input signal, which is sent to the filter module 13 and the pair of electrode plates respectively. After receiving the input signal, the pair of electrode plates generate a measured signal in the oil-based drilling fluid; the low-pass module 12 applies a 1V, 500kHz zero-phase sine input signal to the first electrode plate 20.

[0116] The filtering module 13 is used to filter the noise of the input signal and the measured signal and send them to the rectifier module 14. In this process, since the screw inevitably causes the drill rod to shake during rotation, sharp burrs are generated in the signal. Therefore, if no filtering is performed, the processing module 9 will receive a relatively discrete signal, which is not conducive to signal processing.

[0117] The rectifier module 14 is used to convert the input signal and the measured signal into a DC form and send it to the sampling module 15; in this specification, the AC input and measured signals are not easy to be calculated, so rectification processing is required.

[0118] The sampling module 15 is used to sample the amplitude and phase of the input signal and the measured signal, and send them to the processing module 9;

[0119] The processing module 9 is further configured to calculate a phase difference between the input signal and the measured signal, and use the phase difference and a fitting formula to determine the water content of the oil-based drilling fluid, and send the result to the communication module 16;

[0120] The communication module 16 is used to send the water content to the surface through the measurement while drilling tool. In this specification, the communication module 16 can be made of a 485 chip and use a motor line to transmit the signal to the MWD for data transmission.

[0121] In this specification, the measured signal obtained by a pair of electrode plates through oil-based drilling fluid needs to be sent to the measurement circuit board 2, so the pin module in this specification needs to be used to transmit the signal.

[0122] The pair of electrode plates are electrically connected to the measurement circuit board 2 via a pin module.

[0123] The pin module includes two high-temperature wires 17, two pins 18 and two pin rubber sleeves 19;

[0124] One end of each of the two high-temperature wires 17 is connected to the low-pass module 12 to receive the input signal sent by the low-pass module 12, and the other end of each of the two high-temperature wires 17 is connected to the first electrode plate 20 and the second electrode plate 21 via the pins 18 respectively;

[0125] The first electrode plate 20 and the second electrode plate 21 are both connected to the filter module 13 and send the measured signal to the filter module 13 .

[0126] As shown in the circuit circulation diagram of Figure 4, when using the circuit, a resistor is usually added to protect the circuit and output signal. Therefore, this manual adds a first resistor between the low-pass module 12 and the first electrode plate 20. The output signal of the low-pass module 12 first passes through the first resistor. At this time, the potential Vsine on the first resistor is a zero-phase sinusoidal AC signal (output signal). Then, the filtering module 13 receives the output signal on the first resistor and sends it to the processing module 9 through the rectifier module 14 and the sampling module 15. At this time, the processing module 9 receives the zero-phase sinusoidal AC signal (output signal) and records it. At the same time, the first resistor can also send the output signal to the first electrode plate 20 through the first pin in the pin 18. When in a vacuum state or a state without a medium, since the first electrode plate 20 is isolated from the second electrode plate 21, the output signal cannot be transmitted to the second electrode plate 21. When the oil-based drilling fluid contacts the first electrode plate 20 and the second electrode plate 21 at the same time, it is equivalent to a wire with resistance connecting the first electrode plate 20 and the second electrode plate 21. Experiments have shown that when the water content of the oil-based drilling fluid is greater, the impedance of the wire equivalent to the oil-based drilling fluid is greater. Therefore, the output signal is sent to the second resistor through the first electrode plate 20, the second electrode plate 21, and the second pin of the pin 18. At this time, the potential Vshift on the second resistor is the measured signal. Since it passes through the oil-based drilling fluid with resistance, the phase of the output signal is changed and becomes the measured signal. Therefore, the filtering module 13 receives the measured signal on the second resistor and sends it to the processing module 9 through the rectifier module 14 and the sampling module 15.

[0127] The processing module 9 calculates the phase difference between the input signal and the measured signal, and uses the phase difference and a fitting formula to determine the water content of the oil-based drilling fluid, and sends the calculated value to the communication module 16 .

[0128] Specifically, since the temperature of the screw increases by 2.5° C. every time the screw goes 100 meters underground, in some cases, the fitting formula is closely related to the current ambient temperature. Therefore, in the processing module 9, several fitting formulas are provided.

[0129] As shown in the second schematic diagram of the measuring circuit board in FIG5 , as an embodiment of this specification, the measuring circuit board 2 further includes a circuit temperature measurer 22 ;

[0130] The circuit temperature measuring device 22 is used to measure the circuit temperature of the measurement circuit board 2 and send the measured temperature to the processing module 9;

[0131] After receiving the circuit temperature, the processing module 9 switches to a different fitting formula to determine the water content of the oil-based drilling fluid.

[0132] This manual can use the fitting formula corresponding to the range of 6000 meters underground (pressure resistance 138Mpa, temperature resistance 150℃) for calculation. The fitting formula in this manual is obtained by computer calculation based on a large amount of data, for example, y=-1.709ln(x)+16.036, where x is the moisture content and y is the phase difference, as shown in Table 1.

[0133] Table 1 Relationship between moisture content and phase difference

[0134] As shown in the table, when the impedance of the oil-based drilling fluid is 7.25, the phase of the zero-phase sinusoidal AC signal can be shifted by 15.9 degrees, corresponding to a water content of 1% in the oil-based drilling fluid. When the impedance of the oil-based drilling fluid is 14.87, the phase of the zero-phase sinusoidal AC signal can be shifted by 11.6 degrees, corresponding to a water content of 25%. When the impedance of the oil-based drilling fluid is 18.51, the phase of the zero-phase sinusoidal AC signal can be shifted by 8.8 degrees, corresponding to a water content of 40%. In future measurements, by measuring the phase difference of the oil-based mud, the changes in the oil-based mud water content can be inferred, enabling real-time monitoring of formation water production.

[0135] As shown in the third schematic diagram of the measurement circuit board in FIG6 , as an embodiment of the present specification, in order to ensure the accuracy of data, in some emergencies, if the MWD transmission fails, it is necessary to record the current water content of the formation. Therefore, the measurement circuit board 2 in the present specification also includes a data storage module 23;

[0136] The data storage module 23 is used to store the water content of the oil-based drilling fluid after receiving the storage instruction from the processing module 9. When the MWD transmission fails, the current water content can be reproduced through the data storage block to facilitate the construction personnel to reproduce it.

[0137] As shown in the fourth schematic diagram of the measurement circuit board in FIG7 , as an embodiment of the present specification, since the data storage module 23 in the present specification transmits data at a low rate through the processing module 9 , the measurement circuit board 2 in the present specification further includes a display module 24 ;

[0138] The display module 24 is electrically connected to the data storage module 23 and is used to display the moisture content stored in the data storage module 23 .

[0139] In this way, the data in the data storage module 23 can be directly read through the display module 24, which can greatly improve the data transmission rate.

[0140] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a method for monitoring formation water production while drilling based on impedance characterization, including:

[0141] Step 801: supply power to the measurement circuit board via a power line;

[0142] Step 802: After the voltage is reduced, the measuring circuit board applies a zero-phase sinusoidal AC signal to the pair of electrode plates;

[0143] Step 803: sampling the phase difference of the pair of electrode plates when they are in the oil-based drilling fluid, and calculating the water content of the oil-based drilling fluid based on the phase difference and a preset fitting formula;

[0144] Step 804: Send the water content of the oil-based drilling fluid to the surface through a measurement while drilling tool.

[0145] By adopting the above technical solution, a zero-phase AC input signal is applied to a pair of electrode plates. When the pair of electrode plates come into contact with the oil-based drilling fluid, the circuit of the electrode plates is changed, thereby changing the phase of the measured signal output by the electrode plates. By determining the phase difference between the measured signal and the input signal, the phase difference and the fitting formula are used to calculate the water content of the oil-based drilling fluid, and then the data is sent to the ground in real time through the measurement while drilling tool, which can improve the immediacy of the water content measurement of the oil-based drilling fluid.

[0146] As shown in FIG9 , a computer device according to an embodiment of this specification is provided for executing a method for monitoring formation water production while drilling based on impedance characterization as described herein. The computer device 902 may include one or more processors 904, such as one or more central processing units (CPUs), each of which may implement one or more hardware threads. The computer device 902 may also include any memory 906 for storing any type of information, such as code, settings, data, etc. For example, and without limitation, the memory 906 may include any one or more combinations of the following: any type of RAM, any type of ROM, a flash memory device, a hard disk, an optical disk, etc. More generally, any memory may use any technology to store information. Furthermore, any memory may provide volatile or non-volatile retention of information. Furthermore, any memory may represent a fixed or removable component of the computer device 902. In one embodiment, when the processor 904 executes associated instructions stored in any memory or combination of memories, the computer device 902 may perform any operation of the associated instructions. The computer device 902 also includes one or more drive mechanisms 908 for interacting with any storage, such as a hard disk drive mechanism, an optical disk drive mechanism, and the like.

[0147] The computer device 902 may also include an input / output module 910 (I / O) for receiving various inputs (via input devices 912) and for providing various outputs (via output devices 914). A specific output mechanism may include a presentation device 916 and an associated graphical user interface (GUI) 918. In other embodiments, the input / output module 910 (I / O), input devices 912, and output devices 914 may not be included, and the computer device 902 may simply be a computer device in a network. The computer device 902 may also include one or more network interfaces 920 for exchanging data with other devices via one or more communication links 922. One or more communication buses 924 couple the components described above together.

[0148] The communication link 922 may be implemented in any manner, for example, via a local area network, a wide area network (e.g., the Internet), a point-to-point connection, etc., or any combination thereof. The communication link 922 may include any combination of hardwired links, wireless links, routers, gateway functions, name servers, etc., governed by any protocol or combination of protocols.

[0149] Corresponding to the method in FIG8 , an embodiment of this specification further provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above method are executed.

[0150] The embodiments of this specification also provide a computer-readable instruction, wherein when a processor executes the instruction, the program therein causes the processor to execute the method shown in FIG8 .

[0151] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this specification, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this specification.

[0152] It should also be understood that in the embodiments of this specification, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between associated objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent three situations: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. Furthermore, the character " / " in this specification generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0153] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed in this specification can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two. In order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the above description has generally described the composition and steps of each example according to function. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this specification.

[0154] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0155] In the several embodiments provided in this specification, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, or can be an electrical, mechanical or other form of connection.

[0156] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiments of this specification.

[0157] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this specification may be integrated into a single processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a single unit. The aforementioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional units.

[0158] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this specification is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of this specification. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

[0159] Specific embodiments are used in this specification to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this specification. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the methods and core ideas of this specification. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, based on the ideas of this specification, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be understood as limiting this specification.

Claims

1. A formation water production monitoring tool while drilling based on impedance characterization, characterized in that: include: A main body, a measuring circuit board and a pair of electrode plates; The main body is arranged between the drilling measurement tool and the screw, the side wall of the main body is provided with a first cavity and a second cavity, a lead hole is vertically penetrated in the main body, and a power line is introduced into the lead hole to be electrically connected with the measurement circuit board; The measuring circuit board is fixed in the first cavity, and the first cavity is covered with a first cover plate; The pair of electrode plates are fixed in the second cavity, the second cavity is covered with a second cover plate, the second cover plate is hollow, and the pair of electrode plates are electrically connected to the measurement circuit board; The measuring circuit board is used to apply a zero-phase AC input signal to the pair of electrode plates, detect the phase difference between the measured signal generated by the pair of electrode plates in the oil-based drilling fluid and the input signal; and is also used to use the phase difference and the fitting formula to determine the water content of the oil-based drilling fluid, and send it to the ground through the measurement while drilling tool.

2. The impedance characterization-based while drilling formation water production monitoring tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring circuit board comprises: a processing module, a power supply module, an oscillation module, a low-pass module, a filtering module, a rectification module, a sampling module and a communication module; The power supply module is used to receive the energy supply signal sent by the power line, and send the energy supply signal to the processing module, the oscillation module, the low-pass module, the filtering module, the rectification module, the sampling module and the communication module after reducing the voltage of the energy supply signal; The processing module is used to send an excitation signal to the oscillation module; The oscillation module is used to generate a square wave and send it to the low-pass module; The low-pass module is used to convert the square wave into a sine wave, and amplify the sine wave to generate the input signal, which is sent to the filter module and the pair of electrode plates respectively. After receiving the input signal, the pair of electrode plates generates a measured signal in the oil-based drilling fluid; The filtering module is used to filter the input signal and the measured signal for noise, and send them to the rectifier module; The rectifier module is used to convert the input signal and the measured signal into a direct current form and send them to the sampling module; The sampling module is used to sample the amplitude and phase of the input signal and the measured signal, and send them to the processing module; The processing module is further used to calculate the phase difference between the input signal and the measured signal, and use the phase difference and a fitting formula to determine the water content of the oil-based drilling fluid, and send it to the communication module; The communication module is used to send the water content to the ground through the measurement while drilling tool.

3. The impedance characterization-based while drilling formation water production monitoring tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pair of electrode plates includes a first electrode plate and a second electrode plate; The pair of electrode plates are electrically connected to the measurement circuit board through a pin module The pin module includes two high-temperature wires, two pins and two pin rubber sleeves; One ends of the two high-temperature wires are connected to the low-pass module to receive the input signal sent by the low-pass module, and the other ends of the two high-temperature wires are connected to the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate through pins respectively; The first electrode plate and the second electrode plate are both connected to the filter module and send the measured signal to the filter module.

4. The impedance characterization-based while drilling formation water production monitoring tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The measuring circuit board also includes a circuit temperature measurer; The circuit temperature measuring device is used to measure the circuit temperature of the measuring circuit board and send it to the processing module; After receiving the circuit temperature, the processing module switches to a different fitting formula to determine the water content of the oil-based drilling fluid.

5. The tool for monitoring formation water production while drilling based on impedance characterization according to claim 2, characterized in that: The measurement circuit board also includes a data storage module; The data storage module is used to store the water content of the oil-based drilling fluid after receiving the storage instruction from the processing module.

6. The impedance characterization-based while drilling formation water production monitoring tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: The measuring circuit board also includes a display module; The display module is electrically connected to the data storage module and is used to display the moisture content stored in the data storage module.

7. The tool for monitoring formation water production while drilling based on impedance characterization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper and lower ends of the main body are provided with sealing rings, and the inner material of the sealing rings is copper; the sealing ring at the upper end of the main body is connected to the measurement while drilling tool; and the sealing ring at the lower end of the main body is connected to the screw.

8. The tool for monitoring formation water production while drilling based on impedance characterization according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included are flat head screws; The first cover plate and the second cover plate are respectively covered on the first cavity and the second cavity by the flat head screws; The first cavity and the second cavity are vertically arranged on the side wall of the main body.

9. The tool for monitoring formation water production while drilling based on impedance characterization according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first cover plate is in a fully sealed shape; The hollow shape of the second cover plate is interference-fitted with the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate, so that the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate pass through the hollow portion of the second cover plate and contact the oil-based drilling fluid.

10. A method for monitoring formation water production while drilling based on impedance characterization, characterized in that: include: Supply power to the measurement circuit board via the power line; The measuring circuit board applies a zero-phase sinusoidal AC signal to a pair of electrode plates after stepping down the voltage; sampling a phase difference when the pair of electrode plates are in oil-based drilling fluid, and calculating the water content of the oil-based drilling fluid according to the phase difference and a preset fitting formula; The water content of the oil-based drilling fluid is sent to the surface through a measurement while drilling tool.

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