Method and apparatus for establishing connection in wireless communication system

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a 5G communication system or a 6G communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4G communication system such as long term evolution (LTE). The present disclosure provides a user equipment and a device in a wireless communication system and methods performed by the same. A method performed by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, the method comprising: receiving, from a first device, a first message including identities of one or more candidate devices and first configuration information associated with each of the one or more candidate devices; receiving, from a second device which is one of the more candidate devices, a third message including third configuration information associated with the second device; and establishing a connection with the second device based on first configuration information associated with the second device and the third configuration information.

Description

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ESTABLISHING CONNECTION IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a field of wireless communication, and in particular, to a user equipment, a device in a wireless communication system and methods performed by the same.

[0002] Considering the development of wireless communication from generation to generation, the technologies have been developed mainly for services targeting humans, such as voice calls, multimedia services, and data services. Following the commercialization of 5th-generation (5G) communication systems, it is expected that the number of connected devices will exponentially grow. Increasingly, these will be connected to communication networks. Examples of connected things may include vehicles, robots, drones, home appliances, displays, smart sensors connected to various infrastructures, construction machines, and factory equipment. Mobile devices are expected to evolve in various form-factors, such as augmented reality glasses, virtual reality headsets, and hologram devices. In order to provide various services by connecting hundreds of billions of devices and things in the 6th-generation (6G) era, there have been ongoing efforts to develop improved 6G communication systems. For these reasons, 6G communication systems are referred to as beyond-5G systems.

[0003] 6G communication systems, which are expected to be commercialized around 2030, will have a peak data rate of tera (1,000 giga)-level bps and a radio latency less than 100μsec, and thus will be 50 times as fast as 5G communication systems and have the 1 / 10 radio latency thereof.

[0004] In order to accomplish such a high data rate and an ultra-low latency, it has been considered to implement 6G communication systems in a terahertz band (for example, 95GHz to 3THz bands). It is expected that, due to severer path loss and atmospheric absorption in the terahertz bands than those in mmWave bands introduced in 5G, technologies capable of securing the signal transmission distance (that is, coverage) will become more crucial. It is necessary to develop, as major technologies for securing the coverage, radio frequency (RF) elements, antennas, novel waveforms having a better coverage than orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), beamforming and massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO), full dimensional MIMO (FD-MIMO), array antennas, and multiantenna transmission technologies such as large-scale antennas. In addition, there has been ongoing discussion on new technologies for improving the coverage of terahertz-band signals, such as metamaterial-based lenses and antennas, orbital angular momentum (OAM), and reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS).

[0005] Moreover, in order to improve the spectral efficiency and the overall network performances, the following technologies have been developed for 6G communication systems: a full-duplex technology for enabling an uplink transmission and a downlink transmission to simultaneously use the same frequency resource at the same time; a network technology for utilizing satellites, high-altitude platform stations (HAPS), and the like in an integrated manner; an improved network structure for supporting mobile base stations and the like and enabling network operation optimization and automation and the like; a dynamic spectrum sharing technology via collision avoidance based on a prediction of spectrum usage; an use of artificial intelligence (AI) in wireless communication for improvement of overall network operation by utilizing AI from a designing phase for developing 6G and internalizing end-to-end AI support functions; and a next-generation distributed computing technology for overcoming the limit of user equipment (UE) computing ability through reachable super-high-performance communication and computing resources (such as mobile edge computing (MEC), clouds, and the like) over the network. In addition, through designing new protocols to be used in 6G communication systems, developing mechanisms for implementing a hardware-based security environment and safe use of data, and developing technologies for maintaining privacy, attempts to strengthen the connectivity between devices, optimize the network, promote softwarization of network entities, and increase the openness of wireless communications are continuing.

[0006] It is expected that research and development of 6G communication systems in hyper-connectivity, including person to machine (P2M) as well as machine to machine (M2M), will allow the next hyper-connected experience. Particularly, it is expected that services such as truly immersive extended reality (XR), high-fidelity mobile hologram, and digital replica could be provided through 6G communication systems. In addition, services such as remote surgery for security and reliability enhancement, industrial automation, and emergency response will be provided through the 6G communication system such that the technologies could be applied in various fields such as industry, medical care, automobiles, and home appliances.

[0007] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method performed by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, the method comprising: receiving, from a first device, a first message including identities of one or more candidate devices and first configuration information associated with each of the one or more candidate devices; receiving, from a second device which is one of the more candidate devices, a third message including third configuration information associated with the second device; and establishing a connection with the second device based on first configuration information associated with the second device and the third configuration information.

[0008] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method performed by a second device in a wireless communication system, the method comprising: receiving, from a first device, second configuration information including identities of one or more candidate devices and first configuration information associated with each of the one or more candidate devices; transmitting, to a user equipment UE, a third message including third configuration information associated with the second device; and transmitting, to a third device, a fourth message including the identities of the one or more candidate devices and the first configuration information associated with each of the one or more candidate devices, wherein the second device is one of the one or more candidate devices.

[0009] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, the UE comprising: a transceiver; and a controller configured to: receive, from a first device via the transceiver, a first message including identities of one or more candidate devices and first configuration information associated with each of the one or more candidate devices, receive, from a second device which is one of the more candidate devices via the transceiver, a third message including third configuration information associated with the second device, and establish a connection with the second device based on first configuration information associated with the second device and the third configuration information.

[0010] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a second device in a wireless communication system, the second device comprising: a transceiver; and a controller configured to: receive, from a first device via the transceiver, second configuration information including identities of one or more candidate devices and first configuration information associated with each of the one or more candidate devices, transmit, to a user equipment UE via the transceiver, a third message including third configuration information associated with the second device, and transmit, to a third device via the transceiver, a fourth message including the identities of the one or more candidate devices and the first configuration information associated with each of the one or more candidate devices, wherein the second device is one of the one or more candidate devices.

[0011] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method performed by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, including: receiving a first message from a first device, the first message including identities of one or more candidate devices and first configuration information associated with each of the one or more candidate devices; receiving a third message from a second device, the third message including third configuration information associated with the second device, the second device being one of the one or more candidate devices; and establishing a wireless data bearer with the second device based on first configuration information associated with the second device and the third configuration information; wherein the third configuration information is transmitted by the second device based on second configuration information received from the first device, the second configuration information including identities of the one or more candidate devices and the first configuration information associated with each of the one or more candidate devices.

[0012] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the second configuration information is transmitted by the second device to a third device.

[0013] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the first device is a source base station, and the second device is a destination base station.

[0014] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the method further includes: saving the identities of the one or more candidate devices and the first configuration information associated with each of the one or more candidate devices.

[0015] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the method further includes: receiving feature information supported by the first device and broadcast by the first device, wherein the feature information includes information on at least one of: whether a cell and / or a beam supported by the first device is moving or stationary; whether the first device supports data caching; whether the first device supports a core network function; whether a cell and / or a beam supported by an adjacent device of the first device is moving or stationary; whether an adjacent device of the first device supports data caching; and whether an adjacent device of the first device supports a core network function.

[0016] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the method further includes: transmitting a registration request message to the first device, wherein the registration request message triggers starting of a first function on the first device, wherein the first function is associated with wireless connection and / or mobility management of the UE.

[0017] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the method further includes: transmitting a service request message to the first device, wherein the service request message includes session-related information of the UE, and the service request message triggers starting of a second function on the first device, wherein the second function is associated with session management of the UE.

[0018] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the candidate device is a candidate base station or a candidate auxiliary base station.

[0019] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method performed by a second device in a wireless communication system, including: receiving second configuration information from a first device, the second configuration information including identities of one or more candidate devices and first configuration information associated with each of the one or more candidate devices; transmitting a third message to a user equipment UE, the third message including third configuration information associated with the second device; and transmitting a fourth message to a third device, the fourth message including the identities of the one or more candidate devices and the first configuration information associated with each of the one or more candidate devices; wherein the second device is one of the one or more candidate devices.

[0020] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the method further includes: broadcasting feature information supported by the second device, wherein the feature information includes at least one of: whether a cell and / or a beam supported by the second device is moving or stationary; whether the second device supports data caching; whether the second device supports a core network function; whether a cell and / or a beam supported by an adjacent device of the second device is moving or stationary; whether an adjacent device of the second device supports data caching; and whether an adjacent device of the second device supports a core network function.

[0021] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the method further includes: transmitting a session control service request message to the third device, where the session control service request message is configured to request establishment of a session control service for the UE on the third device.

[0022] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a device in a wireless communication system, including: a transceiver; and a processor coupled with the transceiver and configured to perform any method performed by the device in the wireless communication system according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0023] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a user equipment UE in a wireless communication system, including: a transceiver; and a processor coupled with the transceiver and configured to perform any method performed by the user equipment UE in the wireless communication system according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0024] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide an electronic device in a wireless communication system, including: a transceiver; and a processor coupled with the transceiver and configured to perform any method performed by a device or a user equipment UE in the wireless communication system according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0025] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a computer-readable medium having computer-readable instructions stored thereon that, when executed by a processor, perform any method performed by a device and / or a user equipment UE in a wireless communication system according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0026] The methods provided herein performed by various devices and / or a user equipment UE in a wireless communication system may effectively support handover of the UE in a mobile communication system.

[0027] For a more complete understanding of the present disclosure and its advantages, reference is now made to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals represent like parts:

[0028] FIG. 1 illustrates an example wireless network according to embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0029] FIG. 2 illustrates an example base station according to embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0030] FIG. 3a illustrates an example user equipment according to embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0031] FIG. 3b illustrates an example of an access network and a core network of a service-based architecture according to embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0032] FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary flowchart of an example method in a wireless communication system according to embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0033] FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary flowchart of another example method in a wireless communication system according to embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0034] FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary flowchart of another example method in a wireless communication system according to embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0035] FIG. 7 illustrates a flowchart of a method performed by a user equipment UE in a wireless communication system according to embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0036] FIG. 8 illustrates a flowchart of a method performed by a second device in a wireless communication system according to embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0037] FIG. 9 illustrates a schematic diagram of a second device in a wireless communication system according to embodiments of the present disclosure; and

[0038] FIG. 10 illustrates a schematic diagram of a user equipment UE in a wireless communication system according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0039] The following description with reference to the accompanying drawings is provided to assist in a comprehensive understanding of various embodiments of the present disclosure as defined by the claims and their equivalents. It includes various specific details to assist in that understanding but these are to be regarded as merely exemplary. Accordingly, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications of the various embodiments described herein can be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. In addition, descriptions of well-known functions and constructions may be omitted for clarity and conciseness.

[0040] The terms and words used in the following description and claims are not limited to the bibliographical meanings, but, are merely used by the inventor to enable a clear and consistent understanding of the present disclosure. Accordingly, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that the following description of various embodiments of the present disclosure is provided for illustration purpose only and not for the purpose of limiting the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0041] It is to be understood that the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, for example, reference to "a component surface" includes reference to one or more of such surfaces.

[0042] The term "include" or "may include" refers to the existence of a corresponding disclosed function, operation or component which can be used in various embodiments of the present disclosure and does not limit one or more additional functions, operations, or components. The terms such as "include" and / or "have" may be construed to denote a certain characteristic, number, step, operation, constituent element, component or a combination thereof, but may not be construed to exclude the existence of or a possibility of addition of one or more other characteristics, numbers, steps, operations, constituent elements, components or combinations thereof.

[0043] The term "or" used in various embodiments of the present disclosure includes any or all of combinations of listed words. For example, the expression "A or B" may include A, may include B, or may include both A and B.

[0044] Unless defined differently, all terms used herein, which include technical terminologies or scientific terminologies, have the same meaning as that understood by a person skilled in the art to which the present disclosure belongs. Such terms as those defined in a generally used dictionary are to be interpreted to have the meanings equal to the contextual meanings in the relevant field of art, and are not to be interpreted to have ideal or excessively formal meanings unless clearly defined in the present disclosure.

[0045] Before undertaking the DETAILED DESCRIPTION below, it may be advantageous to set forth definitions of certain words and phrases used throughout this patent document. The term "couple" and its derivatives refer to any direct or indirect communication between two or more elements, whether those elements are in physical contact with one another. The terms "transmit", "receive", and "communicate", as well as derivatives thereof, encompass both direct and indirect communication. The terms "include" and "comprise", as well as derivatives thereof, mean inclusion without limitation. The term "or" is inclusive, meaning "and / or". The phrase "associated with", as well as derivatives thereof, means to include, be included within, interconnect with, contain, be contained within, connect to or with, couple to or with, be communicable with, cooperate with, interleave, juxtapose, be proximate to, be bound to or with, have, have a property of, have a relationship to or with, or the like. The term "controller" means any device, system or part thereof that controls at least one operation. Such a controller can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and software and / or firmware. The functionality associated with any particular controller may be centralized or distributed, whether locally or remotely. The phrase "at least one of", when used with a list of items, means that different combinations of one or more of the listed items may be used, and only one item in the list may be needed. For example, "at least one of: A, B, and C" includes any of the following combinations: A, B, C, A and B, A and C, B and C, and A and B and C. Likewise, the term "set" means one or more. Accordingly, a set of items can be a single item or a collection of two or more items.

[0046] Moreover, various functions described below can be implemented or supported by one or more computer programs, each of which is formed from computer readable program codes and embodied in a computer readable medium. The terms "application" and "program" refer to one or more computer programs, software components, sets of instructions, procedures, functions, objects, classes, instances, related data, or a portion thereof adapted for implementation in a suitable computer readable program code. The phrase "computer readable program code" includes any type of computer code, including source code, object code, and executable code. The phrase "computer readable medium" includes any type of medium capable of being accessed by a computer, such as read only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), a hard disk drive, a compact disc (CD), a digital video disc (DVD), or any other type of memory. A "non-transitory" computer readable medium excludes wired, wireless, optical, or other communication links that transport transitory electrical or other signals. A non-transitory computer readable medium includes media where data can be permanently stored and media where data can be stored and later overwritten, such as a rewritable optical disc or an erasable memory device.

[0047] Definitions for other certain words and phrases are provided throughout this patent document. Those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that in many if not most instances, such definitions apply to prior as well as future uses of such defined words and phrases.

[0048] The figures included herein, and the various embodiments used to describe the principles of the present disclosure are by way of illustration only and should not be construed in any way to limit the scope of the disclosure. Further, those skilled in the art will understand that the principles of the present disclosure may be implemented in any suitably arranged wireless communication system.

[0049] FIGS. 1-3a below describe various embodiments of the present disclosure implemented in wireless communications systems. The descriptions of FIGS. 1-3a are not meant to imply physical or architectural limitations to the manner in which different embodiments may be implemented. Different embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in any suitably-arranged communications system.

[0050] FIG. 1 illustrates an example wireless network according to embodiments of the present disclosure. The embodiment of the wireless network shown in FIG. 1 is for illustration only. Other embodiments of the wireless network 100 could be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0051] As shown in FIG. 1, the wireless network includes a base station (next generation nodeB, gNB or gNodeB) 101, a gNB 102, and a gNB 103. The gNB 101 communicates with the gNB 102 and the gNB 103. The gNB 101 also communicates with at least one network 130, such as the Internet, a proprietary Internet Protocol (IP) network, or other data network.

[0052] The gNB 102 provides wireless broadband access to the network 130 for a first plurality of user equipments (UEs) within a coverage area 120 of the gNB 102. The first plurality of UEs includes a UE 111, which may be located in a small business; a UE 112, which may be located in an enterprise (E); a UE 113, which may be located in a WiFi hotspot (HS); a UE 114, which may be located in a first residence (R1); a UE 115, which may be located in a second residence (R2); and a UE 116, which may be a mobile device (M), such as a cell phone, a wireless laptop, a wireless personal digital assistant (PDA), or the like. The gNB 103 provides wireless broadband access to the network 130 for a second plurality of UEs within a coverage area 125 of the gNB 103. The second plurality of UEs includes the UE 115 and the UE 116, as well as subscriber stations (SS, for example, UEs) 117, 118 and 119. In some embodiments, one or more of the gNBs 101-103 may communicate with each other and with the UEs 111-116 using existing wireless communication techniques, and one or more of the UE 111-119 may communicate directly with each other (e.g., UEs 117-119) using other existing or proposed wireless communication techniques.

[0053] Depending on the network type, the term "base station" or "BS" can refer to any component (or collection of components) configured to provide wireless access to a network, such as transmit point (TP), transmit-receive point (TRP), an enhanced (or "evolved") base station (eNodeB or eNB), a 5G base station (gNB), a macrocell, a femtocell, a wireless fidelity (WiFi) access point (AP), or other wirelessly enabled devices. Base stations may provide wireless access in accordance with one or more wireless communication protocols, e.g., 3GPP 5G New Radio (NR), Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE Advanced (LTE-A), high speed packet access (HSPA), Wi-Fi 802.11a / b / g / n / ac, etc. For the sake of convenience, the various names for a base station-type apparatus and functionality are used interchangeably in this patent document to refer to network infrastructure components that provide wireless access to remote terminals. Also, depending on the network type, the term "user equipment" (UE) can refer to any component such as a mobile station (MS), a subscriber station (SS), a remote terminal, a wireless terminal, a receive point, or a user apparatus. For the sake of convenience, the various names for a user equipment-type device and functionality are used interchangeably in this patent document to refer to remote wireless equipment that wirelessly accesses a BS, whether the UE is a mobile device (such as a mobile telephone or smartphone) or is normally considered a stationary device (such as a desktop computer or vending machine).

[0054] Dotted lines show the approximate extents of the coverage areas 120 and 125, which are shown as approximately circular for the purposes of illustration and explanation only. It should be clearly understood that the coverage areas associated with gNBs, such as the coverage areas 120 and 125, may have other shapes, including irregular shapes, depending upon the configuration of the gNBs and variations in the radio environment associated with natural and man-made obstructions.

[0055] As described in more detail below, one or more of the UEs 111-119 include circuitry, programing, or a combination thereof. In certain embodiments, and one or more of the gNBs 101-103 includes circuitry, programing, or a combination thereof.

[0056] Although FIG. 1 illustrates one example of a wireless network, various changes may be made to FIG. 1. For example, the wireless network could include any number of gNBs and any number of UEs in any suitable arrangement. Also, the gNB 101 could communicate directly with any number of UEs and provide those UEs with wireless broadband access to the network 130. Similarly, each gNB 102-103 could communicate directly with the network 130 and provide UEs with direct wireless broadband access to the network 130. Further, the gNBs 101, 102, and / or 103 could provide access to other or additional external networks, such as external telephone networks or other types of data networks.

[0057] FIG. 2 illustrates an example base station according to embodiments of the present disclosure. The embodiment of the gNB 102 illustrated in FIG. 2 is for illustration only, and the gNBs 101 and 103 of FIG. 1 could have the same or similar configuration. However, gNBs come in a wide variety of configurations, and FIG. 2 does not limit the scope of the present disclosure to any particular implementation of a gNB.

[0058] As shown in FIG 2, the gNB 102 includes multiple antennas 200a-200n, multiple radio frequency (RF) transceivers 201a-201n, transmit (TX) processing circuitry 203, and receive (RX) processing circuitry 204. The gNB 102 also includes a controller / processor 205, a memory 206, and a backhaul or network interface 207.

[0059] The RF transceivers 201a-201n receive, from the antennas 200a-200n, incoming RF signals, such as signals transmitted by UEs in the network 100. The RF transceivers 201a-201n down-convert the incoming RF signals to generate intermediate frequency (IF) or baseband signals. The IF or baseband signals are transmitted to the RX processing circuitry 204, which generates processed baseband signals by filtering, decoding, and / or digitizing the baseband or IF signals. The RX processing circuitry 204 transmits the processed baseband signals to the controller / processor 205 for further processing.

[0060] The TX processing circuitry 203 receives analog or digital data (such as voice data, web data, electronic mail, or interactive video game data) from the controller / processor 205. The TX processing circuitry 203 encodes, multiplexes, and / or digitizes the outgoing baseband data to generate processed baseband or IF signals. The RF transceivers 201a-201n receive the outgoing processed baseband or IF signals from the TX processing circuitry 203 and up-converts the baseband or IF signals to RF signals that are transmitted via the antennas 201a-201n.

[0061] The controller / processor 205 can include one or more processors or other processing devices that control the overall operation of the gNB 102. For example, the controller / processor 205 could control the reception of forward channel signals and the transmission of reverse channel signals by the RF transceivers 201a-201n, the RX processing circuitry 204, and the TX processing circuitry 203 in accordance with well-known principles. The controller / processor 205 could support additional functions as well, such as more advanced wireless communication functions.

[0062] For instance, the controller / processor 205 could support beam forming or directional routing operations in which outgoing signals from multiple antennas 200a-200n are weighted differently to effectively steer the outgoing signals in a desired direction. Any of a wide variety of other functions could be supported in the gNB 102 by the controller / processor 205.

[0063] The controller / processor 205 is also capable of executing programs and other processes resident in the memory 206, such as an operating system (OS). The controller / processor 205 can move data into or out of the memory 206 as required by an executing process.

[0064] The controller / processor 205 is also coupled to the backhaul or network interface 207. The backhaul or network interface 207 allows the gNB 102 to communicate with other devices or systems over a backhaul connection or over a network. The interface 207 could support communications over any suitable wired or wireless connection(s). For example, when the gNB 102 is implemented as a part of a cellular communication system (such as one supporting 5G, LTE, or LTE-A), the interface 207 could allow the gNB 102 to communicate with other gNBs over a wired or wireless backhaul connection. When the gNB 102 is implemented as an access point, the interface 207 could allow the gNB 102 to communicate over a wired or wireless local area network or over a wired or wireless connection to a larger network (such as the Internet) The interface 207 includes any suitable structure supporting communications over a wired or wireless connection, such as an Ethernet or RF transceiver.

[0065] The memory 206 is coupled to the controller / processor 205. Part of the memory 206 could include a random access memory (RAM), and another part of the memory 206 could include a flash memory or other read only memory (ROM).

[0066] Although FIG. 2 illustrates one example of gNB 102, various changes may be made to FIG. 2. For example, the gNB 102 could include any number of each component shown in FIG. 2. As a particular example, an access point could include a number of interfaces 207, and the controller / processor 205 could support routing functions to route data between different network addresses. As another particular example, while shown as including a single instance of the TX processing circuitry 203 and a single instance of the RX processing circuitry 204, the gNB 102 could include multiple instances of each (such as one per RF transceiver). Also, various components in FIG. 2 could be combined, further subdivided, or omitted and additional components could be added according to particular needs.

[0067] FIG. 3a illustrates an example user equipment according to embodiments of the present disclosure. The embodiment of the UE 116 illustrated in FIG. 3 is for illustration only, and the UEs 111-115 and 117-119 of FIG. 1 could have the same or similar configuration. However, UEs come in a wide variety of configurations, and FIG. 3a does not limit the scope of the present disclosure to any particular implementation of a UE.

[0068] As shown in FIG. 3a, the UE 116 includes an antenna 301, a radio frequency (RF) transceiver 302, a TX processing circuitry 303, a microphone 304, and a receive (RX) processing circuitry 305. The UE 116 also includes a speaker 306, a controller or processor 307, an input / output (I / O) interface (IF) 308, an input device 309, a touchscreen display 310, and a memory 311. The memory 311 includes an OS 312 and one or more applications 313.

[0069] The RF transceiver 302 receives, from the antenna 301, an incoming RF signal transmitted by a gNB of the network 100. The RF transceiver 302 down-converts the incoming RF signal to generate an IF or baseband signal. The IF or baseband signal is transmitted to the RX processing circuitry 305, which generates a processed baseband signal by filtering, decoding, and / or digitizing the baseband or IF signal. The RX processing circuitry 305 transmits the processed baseband signal to the speaker 306 (such as for voice data) or to the processor 307 for further processing (such as for web browsing data).

[0070] The TX processing circuitry 303 receives analog or digital voice data from the microphone 304 or other outgoing baseband data (such as web data, e-mail, or interactive video game data) from the processor 307. The TX processing circuitry 303 encodes, multiplexes, and / or digitizes the outgoing baseband data to generate a processed baseband or IF signal. The RF transceiver 302 receives the outgoing processed baseband or IF signal from the TX processing circuitry 303 and up-converts the baseband or IF signal to an RF signal that is transmitted via the antenna 301.

[0071] The processor 307 can include one or more processors or other processing devices and execute the OS 312 stored in the memory 311 in order to control the overall operation of the UE 116. For example, the processor 307 could control the reception of forward channel signals and the transmission of reverse channel signals by the RF transceiver 302, the RX processing circuitry 305, and the TX processing circuitry 303 in accordance with well-known principles. In some embodiments, the processor 307 includes at least one microprocessor or microcontroller

[0072] The processor 307 is also capable of executing other processes and programs resident in the memory 311, such as processes for channel state information (CSI) reporting on uplink channel. The processor 307 can move data into or out of the memory 311 as required by an executing process. In some embodiments, the processor 307 is configured to execute the applications 313 based on the OS 312 or in response to signals received from gNBs or an operator. The processor 307 is also coupled to the I / O interface 308, which provides the UE 116 with the ability to connect to other devices, such as laptop computers and handheld computers. The I / O interface 308 is the communication path between these accessories and the processor 307.

[0073] The processor 307 is also coupled to the touchscreen display 310. A user of the UE 116 can use the touchscreen display 310 to enter data into the UE 116. The touchscreen display 310 may be a liquid crystal display, a light emitting diode display, or another display capable of rendering text and / or at least limited graphics, such as from web sites.

[0074] The memory 311 is coupled to the processor 307. Part of the memory 311 could include RAM, and another part of the memory 311 could include a flash memory or other ROM.

[0075] Although FIG. 3a illustrates one example of UE 116, various changes may be made to FIG. 3a. For example, various components in FIG. 3a could be combined, further subdivided, or omitted and additional components could be added according to particular needs. As a particular example, the processor 307 could be divided into multiple processors, such as one or more central processing units (CPUs) and one or more graphics processing units (GPUs). Also, while FIG. 3a illustrates the UE 116 configured as a mobile telephone or smartphone, UEs could be configured to operate as other types of mobile or stationary devices.

[0076] The text and drawings are provided as examples only to help understand the present disclosure. They should not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present disclosure in any way. Although certain embodiments and examples have been provided, based on the content disclosed herein, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that modifications to the illustrated embodiments and examples can be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0077] NR and LTE in the following description are only examples of various radio access technology (RAT), and there may also be other RATs, and the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0078] An example of an access network and a core network of a service-based architecture is proposed in the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 3b. CMS (Connection Mobility Service) is a connection mobility service module, and SCS (Session Control Service) is a session control service module. High UP is a high-level user plane providing functions equivalent to that of the service data adaption protocol (SDAP), packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) in a 5G system, or providing functions equivalent to that of SDAP, PDCP, radio link layer control protocol (RLC)) in a 5G system. Low UP is a low-level user plane for providing functions equivalent to the functions of RLC, media access control (MAC) in a 5G system, or providing functions equivalent to MAC functions in a 5G system. DCS (Distribution Control Service) is a distribution control service. An air interface message transmitted by a UE is referred to as an RRC message, which is first received and analyzed by the DCS, and distributed to a corresponding service module according to the message name or the received wireless channel.

[0079] Functions provided by the CMS include a radio resource control function (RRC control function), a non-access layer (NAS) connection control function, and a UE mobility management function. In other words, the RRC function of the original radio access network and the NAS function of the core network are provided by the CMS. Other functions of the core network, such as an authentication function and a session management function, also have their corresponding services. The CMS decides which function to use, which service to start, whether the function / service is located on the ground or another satellite. These can be decided by the CMS based on its own conditions. For example, when a satellite can connect to a terrestrial network, the CMS can decide to connect to the authentication function service located on the ground. If a session is to be established, the CMS determines on which node or device the session control service SCS is built. The node and device as used herein are physical entities that implement certain functionalities.

[0080] The session control service SCS can determine whether a user plane is established, and the SCS can determine the node, device, or location where the high-level user plane and the low-level user plane are located. SCS can decide to divide the user plane into a higher level and a lower level for flexible deployment of the user plane. For example, when the SCS is located on a satellite, SCS can decide to build the high-level user plane on the ground or another stationary satellite or aerial equipment, and the low-level user plane on the satellite. It can also determine that the high-level user plane and the low-level user plane are on the same device, and the user plane is a centralized user plane. If the SCS determines that the high-level user plane and the low-level user plane are on different devices, the user plane is a distributed user plane. The high-level user plane processes mapping from an IP packet to a wireless data bearer and provides data encryption. Depending on quality of an air interface and an amount of data that may be transmitted by the low-level user plane, the packet can be segmented or reassembled, and then transmitted to the UE through the air interface.

[0081] FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary flowchart of an example method in a wireless communication system according to embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of services are deployed on a first device through the method described in FIG. 4. Different services are divided into different modules (or models) or microservice modules. Each module may be deployed separately, and call another module through a service-based interface, or be called by another module through a service-based interface. For example, the first device may be a satellite. When a satellite is moved to a different location, a service / function deployed on the satellite may be different. Some satellites are stationary relative to the ground, while some satellites are moving relative to the ground. When some satellites move over a desert or an ocean, they can cache data, but cannot forward data to the ground in time, because there is no gateway deployed on the ground.

[0082] Step 401: A first device broadcasts feature information supported by the first device.

[0083] The first device may be located on a moving satellite, or on a stationary satellite, or on an aerial vehicle, or on the ground, or the like.

[0084] The feature information may be transmitted by means of broadcasting. For example, the feature information supported by the first device may be broadcast to the UE by a broadcasting message.

[0085] The features supported by the first device or an adjacent device of the first device described below may refer to features supported by a cell or a beam on the first device or the adjacent device of the first device (e.g., a second device).

[0086] The feature information may include information on whether a cell (or beam) supported by the first device are moving or stationary relative to the ground.

[0087] The feature information may include information on whether the first device supports data caching.

[0088] The feature information may include information on whether the first device supports a core network function.

[0089] The feature information may include information on whether a cell (or beam) supported by the second device are moving or stationary relative to the ground.

[0090] The feature information may include information on whether the second device supports data caching.

[0091] The feature information may include information on whether the second device supports a core network function.

[0092] The second device may be an adjacent device of the first device, or a substitute device for the first device, or a subordinate device to the first device.

[0093] Step 402: The UE transmits a registration request message to the first device.

[0094] The UE may select whether to reside on a cell of the device according to the feature information broadcast by the first device. In general, in order to reduce interruption of mobility and frequent handover of UE contexts, the UE may select to reside on a cell or beam stationary relative to the ground.

[0095] The UE transmits a registration request message to the first device which is to be resided on, which can be referred to as a radio resource control message, or an RRC message for short. The message is transmitted to a connection mobility service (CMS) module on the first device. The name of the RRC message may indicate that the message is transmitted to the connection mobility service module. For example, if the RRC message is also service-based, it can be known from the service-based message name that the RRC message is to be transmitted to the connection mobility service module. Alternatively, indication information may be included in the RRC message to indicate that the message is to be transmitted to the connection mobility service module, or a container for the connection mobility service module may be included in the RRC message.

[0096] The registration request message may include an identity of the UE. The identity of the UE may be a temporary identity, which can be obtained from the network during the last registration. Alternatively, the identity of the UE may be a permanent identity, such as an International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI). With the identity, the network may certify validity of the UE.

[0097] A distribution service of the first device receives the registration request message from the UE and identifies that the message is to be transmitted to the connection mobility service module, and the distribution service of the first device transmits the registration request message to the connection mobility service module. The connection mobility service module provides wireless connection of the UE and provides status management of the UE. The distribution service may save indication information on which services the UE started. For example, when receiving a registration request message from the UE and the CMS service starts normally, the distribution service may record that the UE started the CMS service. Optionally, the distribution service may also save address information and / or identification information of the CMS service. The address information and / or identification information may indicate on which node or device the CMS service is built.

[0098] The connection mobility service module of the first device may call an authentication service of the UE. When UE authentication is performed, the connection mobility service module may obtain UE authentication or authentication or registration information from the authentication service, such as a list slices allowed for access registered by the UE, information on non-continuous reception of the UE, or the like. The connection mobility service module may call an encryption service module and obtain encryption information of the UE from the encryption service module.

[0099] Step 403: The first device transmits a registration acceptance message to the UE.

[0100] The registration acceptance message may include UE authentication or authentication or registration information. The registration acceptance message may be configured to carry encrypted information of the UE. The message name may also be another name, which is not limited herein.

[0101] The registration acceptance message may include an identity of a next device (for example, the second device) that subsequently serves the connection mobility service module of the UE, first configuration information of the UE on the second device, a corresponding time window, or the like. The identity may indicate the next device, or may indicate an identity of a next connection mobility service module. In a scenario where the first device is deployed on a satellite, the first device is capable of knowing motion trajectories of the first device and the second device. Based on the saved ephemeris information, the first device knows when the second device moves to the location of the first device and replaces the first device to serve the area that is previously served by the UE. The connection mobility service of the first device may also configure the first configuration information for UE on the second device. The second device may be one or more candidate devices.

[0102] The first configuration information may include relatively stationary configuration information. Specifically, it may include wireless bearer configuration information, cell group configuration information, security information, broadcast information, and the like. The wireless bearer configuration information may include signaling wireless bearer configuration and data wireless bearer configuration. The signaling wireless bearer configuration may include an identity of an signaling wireless bearer and PDCP configuration information of the signaling wireless bearer. The data wireless bearer configuration may include an identity, PDCP configuration information, and encryption algorithm configuration information of a data wireless bearer. The cell group configuration information may include an identity of a cell group, which may contain RLC configuration information and MAC configuration information. The security information may include security algorithm configuration, which may include an integrity protection algorithm and a cryptographic algorithm. The broadcast message may include content of a first broadcast message of an auxiliary cell, which may be obtained by the first device from an auxiliary base station in advance.

[0103] The first device may also configure a time window corresponding to the second device. In the time period corresponding to the time window, the second device (next device) or a next connection mobility service module replaces the current connection mobility service module to provide coverage for the area.

[0104] In general, the first device needs to interact with a device in which the next connection mobility service module (e.g., the second device) is located in advance, telling the second device the information on the UE and / or session-related information of the UE. Only upon receiving confirmation of the second device, the first device can configure the second device to the UE. In general, the first configuration information is configured by the second device. This ensures that the UE is accepted by the second device. However, for satellite communications, when the first device moves away, the first device can no longer serve the UE, and the second device must serve the UE. Extending to a wider communication system, exchanging a message with the second device brings more delay, so in the present disclosure, the first device configures the first configuration information for the second device, and when the first device learns that the UE is about to switch to the second device, the first device transmits the first configuration information to the second device, and the second device may accept the configuration or reject the configuration without having to negotiate for the first configuration information. This saves the second device from reserving resources in advance, avoiding wasting resources, reducing signaling interaction between devices, and reducing the delay of handover. In order to improve robustness, the first device may configure a plurality of second devices, and UE selects a second device with good signal quality as the device for serving the UE. The UE notifies the first device or the second device of the selection.

[0105] Step 404: The UE transmits a service request message to the first device.

[0106] The UE transmits a service request message to the first device, which may be used to request a session between the network and the UE. The message may be referred to as a radio resource control message, or an RRC message for short. The message is to be transmitted to a session control service (SCS) module on the first device. The name of the RRC message may indicate that the message is transmitted to the SCS. For example, if the RRC message is also service-based, it can be known from the service-based message name that the RRC message is to be transmitted to the SCS. Alternatively, indication information may be included in the RRC message to indicate that the message is to be transmitted to the SCS, or a container for the session control service module may be included in the RRC message.

[0107] A distribution service of the first device receives the service request message of the UE and transmits the service request message to the session control service module SCS according to the message name. The session control service module is responsible for sessions of the UE and configures transmission address information of the user plane. When receiving a service request message from the UE and the SCS service starts normally, the distribution service may record that the UE started the SCS service. Optionally, the distribution service may also save address information and / or identification information of the SCS service. The address information and / or identification information may indicate on which node or device the SCS service is built.

[0108] Alternatively, the distribution service transmits the received message to the CMS, which knows that the message is to be transmitted to the SCS, and the CMS saves necessary information, such as an identity of the service that the UE is requesting. The CMS transmits a message to the SCS, which carries the messages received from the UE, and also contains information that the CMS needs the SCS to save, such as encrypted information and UE capability information. The UE capability information may include a capability of a radio interface supported by the UE, capability of the service joined by the UE, and overall capability information of the service.

[0109] The session control service module establishes a user plane, and for the flexibility of the user plane, the user plane may be divided into a high-level user plane and a low-level user plane.

[0110] The high-level user plane may provide mapping from an IP flow to a wireless data bearer, and encryption thereof.

[0111] The low-level user plane may provide for segmentation, cascading, retransmission and other functions of data according to the quality of an air interface.

[0112] The session control service SCS module determines entities (or devices) where the high-level user plane and the low-level user plane are located. In order to allow for reduced interruption of the user plane when the first device moves, the SCS of the first device may decide to build the high-level user plane on the second device (such as a second device on the ground), and build the low-level user plane on the first device and the second device.

[0113] The SCS may transmit a user plane establishment request message to the high-level user plane and the low-level user plane respectively. If the transmission mode of GPRS Tunnel Protocol-User plane (GTP-U) is adopted between the high-level user plane and the low-level user plane, in order to reduce the interaction of signaling, GTP-U addresses may be uniformly assigned by the SCS. The SCS determines an address in which uplink data of the high-level user plane is received, and transmits the address to the lower-level user plane through a second user plane establishment request. The SCS determines an address in which downlink data received of the low-level user plane is received, and transmits the address to the high-level user plane through a first user plane establishment request.

[0114] Step 405: The SCS of the first device transmits the first user plane establishment request message to the high-level user plane. At this time, the SCS of the first device refers to a control plane of a base station, and the high-level user plane belongs to a user plane of the base station. The control plane and the user plane of the base station make up the first device.

[0115] The first user plane establishment request message may carry a session identity, an identity of the wireless data bearer, a session quality requirement, a quality requirement of the wireless data bearer, and encrypted information.

[0116] The first user plane establishment request message may also carry the receiving address of the uplink data of the SCS assigned by the high-level user plane. The address may include an IP address and / or a tunnel endpoint identity. The address may be for each session to be established or for each wireless data bearer to be established.

[0117] The first user plane establishment request message may also carry information of the low-level user plane assigned by the SCS, including identity information of a node where the low-level user plane is located, or information on an IP address where it is located, and may also include a receiving address of the downlink data of the low-level user plane assigned by the SCS. The address may include an IP address and / or a tunnel endpoint identity. The address may be for each session to be established or for each wireless data bearer to be established.

[0118] Step 406: The high-level user plane transmits a response message to the SCS of the first device.

[0119] The response message may carry an available user plane address of the high-level user plane to the first device or to the SCS of the first device. The available user plane address may identify a range of available user plane addresses. When the first device or the SCS of the first device assigns a high-level user plane address, it may select from the available user plane addresses.

[0120] Step 407: The SCS of the first device transmits the second user plane establishment request message to the low-level user plane. At this time, the SCS of the first device refers to a control plane of a base station, and the low-level user plane belongs to a user plane of the base station. The control plane and the user plane of the base station make up the first device.

[0121] The second user plane establishment request message may carry a session identity, an identity of the wireless data bearer, a session quality requirement, a quality requirement of the wireless data bearer, and encrypted information.

[0122] The second user plane establishment request message may also carry the receiving address of the downlink data of the SCS assigned by the low-level user plane. The address includes an IP address and / or a tunnel endpoint identity. The address may be for each session to be established or for each wireless data bearer to be established.

[0123] The second user plane establishment request message may also carry information of the high-level user plane assigned by the SCS, including identity information of a node where the high-level user plane is located, or information on an IP address where it is located, and may also include a receiving address of the uplink data of the high-level user plane assigned by the SCS. The address may include an IP address and / or a tunnel endpoint identity. The address may be for each session to be established or for each wireless data bearer to be established.

[0124] Step 408: The low-level user plane transmits a response message to the session control service module SCS of the first device.

[0125] The response message may carry an available user plane address of the low-level user plane to the first device or to the SCS of the first device. The available user plane address may identify a range of available user plane addresses. When the first device or the SCS of the first device assigns a low-level user plane address, it may select from the available user plane addresses.

[0126] The assigning user plane transport layer addresses by the SCS is advantageous in that it reduces interaction between the SCS and the high-level user plane and the low-level user plane. With the available transport layer addresses carried in the response message of the high-level or low-level user plane, the SCS may select one of the available transport layer addresses to assign to other sessions.

[0127] Step 409: The first device transmits a first message (e.g., an RRC reconfiguration request message) to the UE, where the message may carry service acceptance information. In some embodiments, the first message may include information on one or more candidate devices (e.g., a second device, a third device, etc.), such as an identity of the one or more candidate devices and / or feature information supported by the one or more candidate devices. The first message may also include first configuration information associated with each of the one or more candidate devices configured for the UE.

[0128] Service acceptance information may include configuration information for service-related sessions.

[0129] The RRC reconfiguration request message may include an identity of a device in which the next session control service module is located (e.g., a candidate device, such as a second device), first configuration information on the UE's location on the second device (or the first configuration information associated with the second device as UE), and a corresponding time window. The identity may indicate the next device, or may indicate an identity of a next session control service module. In a scenario where the first device is deployed on a satellite, the first device is capable of knowing motion trajectories of the first device and the second device. Based on the saved ephemeris information, the first device knows when the second device moves to the location of the first device and replaces the first device to serve the area that is previously served by the UE. The session control service of the first device may also configure the second configuration information for UE on the second device.

[0130] The first configuration information may include relatively stationary configuration information. Specifically, it may include wireless bearer configuration information, cell group configuration information, security information, broadcast information, and the like. The wireless bearer configuration information may include signaling wireless bearer configuration and data wireless bearer configuration. The signaling wireless bearer configuration may include an identity of an signaling wireless bearer and PDCP configuration information of the signaling wireless bearer. The data wireless bearer configuration may include an identity, PDCP configuration information, and encryption algorithm configuration information of a data wireless bearer. The cell group configuration information may include an identity of a cell group, which may contain RLC configuration information and MAC configuration information. The security information may include security algorithm configuration, which may include an integrity protection algorithm and a cryptographic algorithm. The broadcast message may include content of a first broadcast message of an auxiliary cell, which may be obtained by the first device from an auxiliary base station in advance.

[0131] The first device may also configure a time window corresponding to the second device. In the time period corresponding to the time window, the second device (next device) or a next session control service module replaces the current session control service module to provide session data for the area.

[0132] In general, the first device needs to interact with a device in which the next session control service module (e.g., a third device) is located in advance, telling the second device the information on the UE and / or session-related information of the UE. Only upon receiving confirmation of the second device, the first device can transmit the information on the second device (e.g., the identity information) and the first configuration information to the UE. In general, the first configuration information is configured by the second device. This ensures that the UE is accepted by the second device. However, for satellite communications, when the first device moves away, the first device can no longer serve the UE, and the second device must serve the UE. Extending to a wider communication system, exchanging a message with the second device brings more delay, so in the present disclosure, the first device configures the first configuration information for the second device, and when the first device learns that a session of the UE is about to switch to the second device, the first device transmits the first configuration information to the second device, and the second device may accept the configuration or reject the configuration without having to negotiate for the first configuration information. This saves the second device from reserving resources in advance, avoiding wasting resources, reducing signaling interaction between devices, and reducing the delay of handover. In order to improve robustness, the first device may configure a plurality of second devices, and UE selects a second device with good signal quality as the device for serving the UE. The UE notifies the first device or the second device of the selection.

[0133] The first device transmits a handover request message to the second device at an appropriate time, where the message may carry second configuration information. The second configuration information may be equivalent to the first configuration information, or the second configuration information may include the first configuration information. The second configuration information may include information of the UE as well as session-related information. The session-related information may include an identity of the session, an identity of a quality of service flow (QoS flow) that the session contains, and a quality requirement of the QoS flow. The second configuration information may include the first configuration information, and the first configuration information may be included in an RRC container. After receiving the message, if the second device can accept the second configuration information, it transmits a success message to the first device. The second device then uses the second configuration information configured by the first device and configures the user plane according to the information. Accepting the second configuration information also means the acceptance of the first configuration information. If not accepting, the second device may transmit a reject message to the first device, and the first device may transmit an auxiliary base station establishment request message to another candidate device.

[0134] When the UE is served by the second device, in order to prepare for the next handover of the UE to a third device, the second device may transmit a fourth message to the third device, where the fourth message includes fourth configuration information, and the fourth configuration information includes an identity of one or more candidate devices and the first configuration information associated with each of the one or more candidate devices. The first configuration information may be included in the RRC container. After receiving the message, if the third device can accept the fourth configuration information, it transmits a success message to the second device. The third device then uses the fourth configuration information configured by the first device and configures the user plane according to the information. Accepting the fourth configuration information also means the acceptance of the first configuration information. If not accepting, the third device may transmit a reject message to the second device, and the second device may transmit an auxiliary base station establishment request message to another candidate device.

[0135] When the UE selects a second device, the UE synchronizes with the second device, and the second device transmits third configuration information associated with the second device to the UE.

[0136] Step 410: The UE synchronizes with a cell on the second device, and upon the synchronization, the UE transmits a message to the first device and / or the second device.

[0137] After synchronization, the UE transmits a message to the new service base station, or the second device in this step, informing the new service base station that the UE has established an RRC connection with the new service base station.

[0138] Step 411: The second device may transmit third configuration information (e.g., included in a third message) to the UE. In some embodiments, the third configuration information may be transmitted by the second device based on the second configuration information received from the first device.

[0139] As the UE has obtained the first configuration information, from the first configuration information, the UE has obtained wireless configuration information used on the second device, so the UE may quickly synchronize with the cell on the second device and transmit some RRC messages. The third configuration information may include dynamic wireless resource configuration. Specifically, the third configuration information may include physical cell group configuration information. For example, it may contain physical layer related information, hybrid automatic repeat retransmission request (HARQ) configuration information, physical layer control channel PDCCH blind detection information, or the like. When the third configuration information is received, the UE saves the first configuration information and the third configuration information, and the UE obtains complete wireless bearer configuration information through both the first configuration information and the third configuration information, and the UE may establish a wireless data bearer with the cell of the second device, thereby providing data interaction. The third configuration information may be transmitted to the UE by the second device during the synchronization process between the UE and a new service base station, and the third configuration information may be transmitted to the UE through a MAC layer message, or transmitted to the UE through an RRC message.

[0140] Step 412: The second device transmits a release message to the first device.

[0141] The second device knows that the UE has switched to the second device, and the second device transmits a release request message to the first device.

[0142] FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary flowchart of another example method in a wireless communication system according to embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 5, by the method described, the connection mobility service may be kept on the first device, and only the session control service is transferred to the second device. This improves the system flexibility. FIG. 5 illustrates a process in which the connection mobility service is kept unchanged and only the session control service is switched.

[0143] Step 501: The UE transmits a message to the first device.

[0144] The message transmitted by the UE may be a measurement report or a handover request message.

[0145] The UE may measure a signal of the second device and then transmit a measurement report (or a measurement result) to the first device. For satellite communications, the way in which the UE transmits the measurement report so that the first device may determine the handover is optional. Due to their own characteristics of satellite communications, it may also be determined to transmit session control service and / or connection mobility service to the second device based on the time, or the ephemeris. For a service-based architecture, this measurement report may be transmitted to the CMS service on the first device.

[0146] For example, the first device may be a satellite that is stationary relative to the ground, the connection mobility service of the UE is built on the first device, the session control service of the UE is built on the first device, or on a satellite (e.g. on a third device), and the second device may be a new emerging satellite moving relative to the ground. When UE can receive a signal from the second device, UE transmits the received measurement report of the second device to the first device. The first device may decide to build the session control service of the UE on the second device, and keep the connection mobility service on the first device.

[0147] Step 502: The CMS on the first device transmits a message to the SCS on the first device.

[0148] The first device decides to establish a session control service on the second device, and this decision may be made by the connection mobility service CMS. There are two ways to establish an SCS on the second device.

[0149] The CMS transmits a message to the session control service SCS of the first device, and the message can carry information on a destination SCS, or it may carry a unique identity of the second device, or an IP address. The message may also include information on a time, after which the session control service of the first device transmits a message to the second device, or specifically, the SCS of the second device.

[0150] The CMS may transmit a message directly to the SCS of the second device. The message may carry a unique identity, or an IP address, of the second device. The message may also include information on a time after which the UE may be served by the second device, and the second device may allocate resources based on the time information. This method proceeds to step 503 directly.

[0151] Step 503: The first device transmits an SCS establishment request message to the second device.

[0152] The first device decides to establish a session control service on the second device, and this decision may be made by the connection mobility service CMS. As described in step 502, it may be implemented in the following two methods:

[0153] the SCS of the first device transmits an SCS establishment request message to the session control service SCS of the second device; or

[0154] the CMS of the first device transmits an SCS establishment request message to the session control service SCS of the second device.

[0155] The SCS establishment request message is transmitted by the first device to the second device, and the message may be transmitted through an interface between the first device and the second device, which may be a service-based interface. The name of the request message may indicate that the message is an SCS establishment request message. For example, if the interface message between the first device and the second device is also service-based, it may be known from the service-based message name that this request message is to be transmitted to the SCS of the second device. Alternatively, an indication information may be included in the request message to indicate that the message is to be transmitted to the SCS of the second device, or a container for the session control service module may be included in the request message. After receiving the SCS establishment request message, the distribution service on the second device transmits the SCS establishment request message to the SCS module on the second device.

[0156] The SCS establishment request messages may include a UE status, a UE capability, user plane information. The user plane information may include information on a high-level and / or low-level user plane. The information on the high-level and / or low-level user plane may include an IP address and / or a tunnel endpoint identity. The message may also include a time window, where the time window may indicate when the UE may be served by the device, and the second device can start the SCS corresponding to the session during this time.

[0157] After receiving the SCS establishment request message, the second device may establish a session control service module, and if necessary, the second device may establish a user resource. The steps to establish a user resource may be shown in steps 405 to 408.

[0158] Alternatively, when the session control service is established on the third device, the SCS module of the first device may transmit a message to the session control service SCS of the UE of the third device, which is also a source SCS. The source SCS then transmits a message to a destination SCS, and the message is transmitted by the third device to the second device. The message is transmitted through an interface between the third device and the second device, which may be a service-based interface. Other details are described above between the first device and the second device.

[0159] Step 504: The second device transmits a response message to the first device or a third device.

[0160] The second device establishes a corresponding service module according to a message transmitted by the first device or the third device, and then transmits the response message to the first device or to the third device.

[0161] The destination SCS may transmit messages to the source SCS, and the message is transmitted through an interface between the second device and the first device (or the third device), which may be a service-based interface. The name of the response message may indicate that the message is an SCS establishment response message. For example, if the interface message between the first device and the second device (or the third device) is also service-based, it may be known from the service-based message name that this response message is to be transmitted to the SCS of the second device (or the third device). Alternatively, an indication information may be included in the response message to indicate that the message is to be transmitted to the SCS of the second device (or the third device), or a container for the session control service module may be included in the response message.

[0162] The response message may include information on successful establishment of the service bearer, including a container to be transmitted to the UE. The container may include information on configuration of the SCS of the second device to the UE, including random access configuration information, the access code assigned by the SCS to the UE, and the time information.

[0163] In this embodiment, the CMS and SCS are established on different devices, and the CMS is also remained on the first device, which provides for status management of the UE and connection to an RRC and to the core network. The SCS is established on the second device. There may be a plurality of the second device. In other words, steps 503 and 504 are performed for multiple times.

[0164] The UE receives the access code and may synchronize with the SCS of the second device within the time indicated by the time information, and after synchronization, the UE may transmit data to the SCS of the second device.

[0165] FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary flowchart of another example method in a wireless communication system according to embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 6, the session control service and the connection mobility service may both be switched to the second device. This improves the system flexibility. FIG. 6 illustrates a method that reduces signaling interaction, data interruption time and data loss during handover of a UE.

[0166] Step 601: A first device transmits an auxiliary base station establishment request message to a second device.

[0167] The first device transmits an auxiliary base station establishment request message to the second device. The message name may also be another name, which is not limited herein.

[0168] The first device may be a main base station, and the second device may be an auxiliary base station.

[0169] The main base station decides to establish certain sessions, or certain QoS flows, on the second base station. A session or QoS flow may have previously been mapped to a data wireless bearer on the main base station, and the auxiliary base station establishment request message (or an auxiliary base station modification request message) may carry one or more of the following information:

[0170] ● Indication on where the upper-level resource is located. For example, it indicates whether the PDCP is on the auxiliary base station If not, it identifies that the PDCP is established on the main base station. Indication on where the lower-level resource is located. For example, it indicates whether a MCG RLC resource exists and whether a SCG RLC resource exists. The MCG RLC resource and the SCG RLC resource may both exist, and if they both exist, they correspond to split RLC resources.

[0171] ● A session identity, which uniquely identifies a session.

[0172] ● A list of QoS flow identities that uniquely identifies a QoS Flow within a session.

[0173] ● A quality requirement parameter of a session or QoS flow. This information may be a quality requirement corresponding to the session or QoS flow, and may include a standard 5G quality requirement indication 5QI, allocation / retention priority (ARP), an uplink / downlink maximum rate of a guaranteed bit rate (GBR) service, and an uplink / downlink guarantee rate of a GBR service. Alternatively, it may be a specific parameter that includes a quality requirement, such as resource type, priority, data latency target, error rate, or the like. The identity of QoS flow and a corresponding quality requirement parameter are transmitted from the core network to the main base station, and the main base station may transmit the value transmitted from the core network directly to the auxiliary base station, or determine a new value to be transmitted to the auxiliary base station according to the value transmitted by the core network.

[0174] ● An identity of DRB. The main base station determines a mapping of QoS flow to the DRB, or a mapping of an IP flow to the DRB.

[0175] ● An uplink and / or downlink data receiving address. It includes an IP address and a tunnel number.

[0176] ● An RRC transparent container, which may contain a measurement report of the UE.

[0177] The message may include information on the UE. It may also include session configuration information, where the session configuration information may include an identity of a session, a mapping of an IP flow to a data wireless bearer, including a configuration parameter of a user plane protocol. The third device may use the session configuration information configured by the first device to configure a user plane according to the information.

[0178] The message may also contain second configuration information. The second configuration information may include information on the UE, and also session-related information. The session-related information may include an identity of a session, an identity of a QoS flow contained in the session, a quality requirement of the QoS flow, including first configuration information to be transmitted to the UE, and the first configuration information may be included in an RRC container. After receiving the message, if the second device can accept the second configuration information, it may use the second configuration information configured by the first device configuration to configure a user plane according to the information. Accepting the second configuration information also means the acceptance of the first configuration information. If not accepting, the second device may transmit a reject message to the first device, and the first device may transmit an auxiliary base station establishment request message to another candidate device.

[0179] Step 602: The second device transmits an auxiliary base station establishment response message to the first device.

[0180] The message may include a list of accepted sessions, or a list of accepted QoS flows.

[0181] Step 603: The first device transmits an RRC reconfiguration request message to the UE.

[0182] The RRC reconfiguration request message may include wireless bearer configuration on the main base station and / or the auxiliary base station, where the wireless bearer configuration on the auxiliary base station may be the first configuration information described above. The RRC reconfiguration request message may also include a set of candidate auxiliary base stations and the first configuration information associated with each of the candidate devices. The candidate auxiliary base station may be determined by the first device according to the ephemeris information, and the wireless bearer configuration information corresponding to the candidate auxiliary base station (or a candidate cell), that is, the first configuration information, may be determined by the main base station. In general, the main base station needs to interact with the next candidate auxiliary base station in advance to inform the candidate auxiliary base station of information about the UE, the candidate auxiliary base station performs admission control, configures a wireless resource for the UE, and the first device may then transmit the wireless resource configured by the second device to the UE. However, for satellite communications, when a source auxiliary base station moves away, a UE cannot be served by that source auxiliary base station, but has to be served by a satellite in which another candidate auxiliary base station is located. Considering the high-speed mobility of satellites, it is crucial to quickly establish a wireless resource. Therefore, in this step, it may be enhanced by configuring, through the first device for the UE, first configuration information used for the candidate auxiliary base station directly without confirmation from candidate auxiliary base station, while still assigning more dynamic configuration information, that is, the third configuration information, by the auxiliary base station, and transmitting such more dynamic configuration information directly to the UE when the UE is synchronized with the auxiliary base station.

[0183] The first configuration information may include configuration of a wireless resource, including relatively simple and relatively stationary configuration information with little changes. Specifically, it may include wireless bearer configuration information, cell group configuration information, security information, broadcast information, and the like. The wireless bearer configuration information may include signaling wireless bearer configuration and data wireless bearer configuration. The signaling wireless bearer configuration may include an identity of an signaling wireless bearer and PDCP configuration information of the signaling wireless bearer. The data wireless bearer configuration may include an identity, PDCP configuration information, and encryption algorithm configuration information of a data wireless bearer. The cell group configuration information may include an identity of a cell group, RLC configuration information, and MAC configuration information. The security information may include security algorithm configuration, which may include an integrity protection algorithm and a cryptographic algorithm. The broadcast message may include content of a first broadcast message of an auxiliary cell, which may be obtained by the first device from the auxiliary base station in advance.

[0184] In order to improve robustness, the main base station may be configured with a plurality of auxiliary base stations, allowing the UE to select a candidate auxiliary base station with good signal quality as the new auxiliary base station of the UE.

[0185] Step 604: The UE transmits an RRC reconfiguration complete message (response message) to the first device.

[0186] The UE transmits an RRC reconfiguration complete message to the first device, acknowledging that it has received the information configured by the first device.

[0187] Step 605: The first device transmits an auxiliary base station establishment request message to a third device.

[0188] The first device knows when it needs to transfer context of the UE to the third device and establish a UE session on the third device. In order to avoid centralized signaling, the first device decides to transmit the auxiliary base station establishment request message for different UEs at different time. Specifically, the first device decides when to transmit a message to the third device and establish the UE context and session-related information on the third device, where the session-related information may include configuration information of a wireless data bearer. The selection of the third device may be based on the UE's measurement report, or based on ephemeris information.

[0189] The auxiliary base station establishment request message may include second configuration information, and the second configuration information may be equivalent to the first configuration information, or the second configuration information may include the first configuration information. The second configuration information may include information on the UE, and also session-related information. The session-related information may include an identity of a session, an identity of a QoS flow contained in the session, a quality requirement of the QoS flow. The second configuration information may also include the first configuration information, and the first configuration information may be included in an RRC container. After receiving the message, if the third device can accept the second configuration information, it may use the second configuration information configured by the first device configuration to configure a user plane according to the information. Accepting the second configuration information also means the acceptance of the first configuration information. If not accepting, the third device may transmit a reject message to the first device, and the first device may transmit an auxiliary base station establishment request message to another candidate device.

[0190] Step 606: The third device transmits an auxiliary base station establishment response message to the first device.

[0191] The third device may configure a wireless resource based on the second configuration information. As mentioned above, the second configuration information may include relatively stationary configuration information, such as configuration information including a higher layer protocol (e.g., PDC, RLC, MAC part). The configuration information on dynamic lower layer that changes frequently, such as the MAC layer partial configuration information, or the physical layer configuration information, is generated by the third device itself and transmitted to the UE. The third device configures the dynamic wireless bearer configuration information based on UE capabilities, a quality requirement of the session, which is referred to as the third configuration information.

[0192] Step 607: The UE synchronizes with a cell on the third device, and upon the synchronization, the UE may transmit a message to the first device and / or the third device.

[0193] After synchronization, the UE may transmit a message to a new auxiliary base station to notify the new auxiliary base station that the UE has established a connection with the new auxiliary base station.

[0194] Step 608: The new auxiliary base station may transmit third configuration information to the UE.

[0195] As the UE has obtained the first configuration information, from the first configuration information, the UE has obtained wireless configuration information used on the third device, so the UE may quickly synchronize with the cell on the third device and transmit some RRC messages. The third configuration information may include dynamic wireless resource configuration. Specifically, the third configuration information may include physical cell group configuration information. For example, it may contain physical layer related information, hybrid automatic repeat retransmission request (HARQ) configuration information, physical layer control channel PDCCH blind detection information, or the like. Upon receiving the third configuration information, and in combination with the first configuration information, the UE obtains complete configuration information of the wireless bearer, and the UE may interact data with the cell of the third device. The third configuration information may be transmitted to the UE by the third device during the synchronization process between the UE and a new auxiliary base station, and the third configuration information may be transmitted to the UE through a MAC layer message, or transmitted to the UE through an RRC message. The UE may then transfer data between the UE and the new auxiliary base station.

[0196] The UE may also transmit a message to the first device to notify the first device that the UE has established a connection with the third device.

[0197] Step 609: The first device transmits a release message to the second device.

[0198] The first device knows that the UE has switched to the third device, and the first device transmits a release request message to the second device.

[0199] In the following description, FIG. 7 illustrates a flowchart of a method 700 performed by a user equipment UE in a wireless communication system according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0200] As shown in FIG. 7, the method 700 performed by the first device in the wireless communication system according to embodiments of the present disclosure may comprise: in step S701, receiving a first message from a first device, the first message including identities of one or more candidate devices and first configuration information associated with each of the one or more candidate devices; in step S702, receiving a third message from a second device, the third message including third configuration information associated with the second device, the second device being one of the one or more candidate devices; and in step S703, establishing a wireless data bearer with the second device based on first configuration information associated with the second device and the third configuration information. In some embodiments, the third configuration information is transmitted by the second device based on the second configuration information received from the first device, the second configuration information including identities of the one or more candidate devices and the first configuration information associated with each of the one or more candidate devices.

[0201] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the second configuration information is transmitted by the second device to a third device.

[0202] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the first device is a source base station, and the second device is a destination base station.

[0203] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the method 700 may further include: saving the identities of the one or more candidate devices and the first configuration information associated with each of the one or more candidate devices.

[0204] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the method 700 may further include: receiving feature information supported by the first device and broadcast by the first device, wherein the feature information includes information on at least one of: whether a cell and / or a beam supported by the first device is moving or stationary; whether the first device supports data caching; whether the first device supports a core network function; whether a cell and / or a beam supported by an adjacent device of the first device is moving or stationary; whether an adjacent device of the first device supports data caching; and whether an adjacent device of the first device supports a core network function.

[0205] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the method 700 may further include: transmitting a registration request message to the first device, wherein the registration request message triggers starting of a first function on the first device, wherein the first function is associated with wireless connection and / or mobility management of the UE.

[0206] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the method 700 may further include: transmitting a service request message to the first device, where the service request message includes session-related information of the UE, the service request message triggers starting of a second function on the first device, where the second function is associated with session management of the UE.

[0207] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the candidate device is a candidate base station or a candidate auxiliary base station.

[0208] FIG. 8 illustrates a flowchart of a method 800 performed by a second device in a wireless communication system according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0209] As shown in FIG. 8, the method 800 performed by the user equipment UE in the wireless communication system according to embodiments of the present disclosure may include: in step S801, receiving second configuration information from a first device, the second configuration information including identities of one or more candidate devices and first configuration information associated with each of the one or more candidate devices; in step S802, transmitting a third message to a user equipment UE, the third message including third configuration information associated with the second device; and in step S803, transmitting a fourth message to a third device, the fourth message including the identities of the one or more candidate devices and the first configuration information associated with each of the one or more candidate devices. The second device may be one of the one or more candidate devices.

[0210] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the method 800 may further include: broadcasting feature information supported by the second device, where the feature information includes at least one of: whether a cell and / or a beam supported by the second device is moving or stationary; whether the second device supports data caching; whether the second device supports a core network function; whether a cell and / or a beam supported by an adjacent device of the second device is moving or stationary; whether an adjacent device of the second device supports data caching; and whether an adjacent device of the second device supports a core network function.

[0211] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the method 800 may further include: transmitting a session control service request message to the third device, where the session control service request message is configured to request establishment of a session control service for the UE on the third device

[0212] In the following description, FIG. 9 illustrates a schematic diagram of a second device 900 in a wireless communication system according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0213] As shown in FIG. 9, the second device 900 in the wireless communication system according to embodiments of the present disclosure may include a transceiver 910 and a processor 920. The transceiver 910 may be configured to transmit and receive signals. The processor may be coupled with the transceiver 910, and may be configured to perform a method performed by a second device in a wireless communication system according to embodiments of the present disclosure (e.g., by controlling the transceiver 910).

[0214] FIG. 10 illustrates a schematic diagram of a user equipment UE 1000 in a wireless communication system according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0215] As shown in FIG. 10, the user equipment 1000 in the wireless communication system according to embodiments of the present disclosure may include a transceiver 1010 and a processor 1020. The transceiver 1010 may be configured to transmit and receive signals. The processor 1020 may be coupled with the transceiver 1010, and may be configured to perform a method performed by a user equipment in a wireless communication system according to embodiments of the present disclosure (e.g., by controlling the transceiver 1010). In the present disclosure, the processor may also be referred to as a controller.

[0216] Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide an electronic device in a wireless communication system, including: a transceiver; and a processor coupled with the transceiver and configured to perform any method performed by a device or a user equipment UE in the wireless communication system according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0217] Various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented as computer-readable codes embodied on a computer-readable recording medium from a specific perspective. A computer-readable recording medium is any data storage device that can store data readable by a computer system. Examples of computer-readable recording media may include read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, optical data storage device, carrier wave (e.g., data transmission via the Internet), etc. Computer-readable recording media can be distributed by computer systems connected via a network, and thus computer-readable codes can be stored and executed in a distributed manner. Furthermore, functional programs, codes and code segments for implementing various embodiments of the present disclosure can be easily explained by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of the present disclosure are applied.

[0218] It will be understood that the embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in the form of hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software. The software may be stored as program instructions or computer-readable codes executable on a processor on a non-transitory computer-readable medium. Examples of non-transitory computer-readable recording media include magnetic storage media (such as ROM, floppy disk, hard disk, etc.) and optical recording media (such as CD-ROM, digital video disk (DVD), etc.). Non-transitory computer-readable recording media may also be distributed on computer systems coupled to a network, so that computer-readable codes are stored and executed in a distributed manner. The medium can be read by a computer, stored in a memory, and executed by a processor. Various embodiments may be implemented by a computer or a portable terminal including a controller and a memory, and the memory may be an example of a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium suitable for storing program (s) with instructions for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure. The present disclosure may be realized by a program with code for concretely implementing the apparatus and method described in the claims, which is stored in a machine (or computer)-readable storage medium. The program may be electronically carried on any medium, such as a communication signal transmitted via a wired or wireless connection, and the present disclosure suitably includes its equivalents.

[0219] What has been described above is only the specific implementation of the present disclosure, but the scope of protection of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Anyone who is familiar with this technical field may make various changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present disclosure, and these changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of protection of the present disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present disclosure should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1.A method performed by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, the method comprising:receiving, from a first device, a first message including identities of one or more candidate devices and first configuration information associated with each of the one or more candidate devices;receiving, from a second device which is one of the more candidate devices, a third message including third configuration information associated with the second device; andestablishing a connection with the second device based on first configuration information associated with the second device and the third configuration information.2.The method of claim 1, wherein the first device is a source base station, and the second device is a destination base station.3.The method of claim 1, further comprising:receiving feature information supported by the first device and broadcast by the first device, wherein the feature information includes information on at least one of:whether a cell or a beam supported by the first device is moving or stationary;whether the first device supports data caching;whether the first device supports a core network function;whether a cell or a beam supported by an adjacent device of the first device is moving or stationary;whether an adjacent device of the first device supports data caching; orwhether an adjacent device of the first device supports a core network function.4.The method o claim 1, further comprising:transmitting, to the first device, a registration request message for triggering a first function on the first device,wherein the first function is associated with at least one of a wireless connection or a mobility management of the UE.5.The method according to claim 1, further including:transmitting, to the first device, a service request message including session-related information of the UE triggering a second function on the first device,wherein the second function is associated with session management of the UE.6.A method performed by a second device in a wireless communication system, the method comprising:receiving, from a first device, second configuration information including identities of one or more candidate devices and first configuration information associated with each of the one or more candidate devices;transmitting, to a user equipment UE, a third message including third configuration information associated with the second device; andtransmitting, to a third device, a fourth message including the identities of the one or more candidate devices and the first configuration information associated with each of the one or more candidate devices,wherein the second device is one of the one or more candidate devices.7.The method of claim 6, further comprising: broadcasting feature information supported by the second device, wherein the feature information includes information on at least one of:whether a cell or a beam supported by the second device is moving or stationary;whether the second device supports data caching;whether the second device supports a core network function;whether a cell or a beam supported by an adjacent device of the second device is moving or stationary;whether an adjacent device of the second device supports data caching; orwhether an adjacent device of the second device supports a core network function.8.The method of claim 6, further comprising:transmitting, to the third device, a session control service request message for requesting an establishment of a session control service for the UE on the third device.9.A user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, the UE comprising:a transceiver; anda controller configured to:receive, from a first device via the transceiver, a first message including identities of one or more candidate devices and first configuration information associated with each of the one or more candidate devices,receive, from a second device which is one of the more candidate devices via the transceiver, a third message including third configuration information associated with the second device, andestablish a connection with the second device based on first configuration information associated with the second device and the third configuration information.10.The UE of claim 9, wherein the first device is a source base station, and the second device is a destination base station.11.The UE of claim 9, wherein the controller is further configured to:receive feature information supported by the first device and broadcast by the first device, wherein the feature information includes information on at least one of:whether a cell or a beam supported by the first device is moving or stationary;whether the first device supports data caching;whether the first device supports a core network function;whether a cell or a beam supported by an adjacent device of the first device is moving or stationary;whether an adjacent device of the first device supports data caching; orwhether an adjacent device of the first device supports a core network function.12.The UE of claim 9, wherein the controller is further configured to:transmit, to the first device via the transceiver, a registration request message for triggering a first function on the first device,wherein the first function is associated with at least one of a wireless connection or a mobility management of the UE.13.The UE of claim 9, wherein the controller is further configured to:transmitting, to the first device via the transceiver, a service request message including session-related information of the UE triggering a second function on the first device,wherein the second function is associated with session management of the UE.14.A second device in a wireless communication system, the second device comprising:a transceiver; anda controller configured to:receive, from a first device via the transceiver, second configuration information including identities of one or more candidate devices and first configuration information associated with each of the one or more candidate devices,transmit, to a user equipment UE via the transceiver, a third message including third configuration information associated with the second device, andtransmit, to a third device via the transceiver, a fourth message including the identities of the one or more candidate devices and the first configuration information associated with each of the one or more candidate devices,wherein the second device is one of the one or more candidate devices.15.The second device of claim 14, wherein the controller is further configured to:broadcast feature information supported by the second device, wherein the feature information includes information on at least one of:whether a cell or a beam supported by the second device is moving or stationary;whether the second device supports data caching;whether the second device supports a core network function;whether a cell or a beam supported by an adjacent device of the second device is moving or stationary;whether an adjacent device of the second device supports data caching; orwhether an adjacent device of the second device supports a core network function.

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