Polarizing substrate, display medium module using same, display device, and manufacturing method

Abstract

A polarizing substrate (30, 40, 300, 340, 390), a display medium module (50, 70, 150, 160, 250, 350, 380, 450, 460), a display device (80, 90, 190), and a manufacturing method. The polarizing substrate (30, 40, 300, 340, 390) is provided with pixel electrodes (36, 46, 66, 146, 306, 346, 386, 446). The magnitude of a relative electrical energy signal difference between the pixel electrodes (36, 46, 66, 146, 306, 346, 386, 446) of the polarizing substrate (30, 40, 300, 340, 390) and other pixel electrodes (48, 68, 148, 348, 448) in the polarizing substrate (30, 40, 300, 340, 390), the display medium module (50, 70, 150, 160, 250, 350, 380, 450, 460), or the display device (80, 90, 190) is controlled for modulating the amount of polarized light flux passing through the polarizing substrate (30, 40, 300, 340, 390), the display medium module (50, 70, 150, 160, 250, 350, 380, 450, 460), and the display device (80, 90, 190), so as to achieve the display effect.

Description

Polarizing substrate and display medium module using the same, display device and manufacturing method thereof Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of polarizing substrates, and more particularly to a polarizing substrate, a display medium module, a display device utilizing the polarizing substrate, and methods for manufacturing the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to a polarizing substrate having a pixel electrode. By controlling the relative electrical energy signal difference between the pixel electrode of the polarizing substrate and another pixel electrode within the polarizing substrate, display medium module, or display device, the amount of polarized light passing through the polarizing substrate, display medium module, or display device is modulated to achieve a desired display effect. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of technology, people's demands for visual imagery have become more sophisticated. They desire display devices that are thin and light, have high contrast, high dynamic range, high color saturation, high aperture ratio, large display size, low cost, low power consumption, high quality, and easy to repair. Display devices can be categorized as either self-luminous or non-luminous display modes, which achieve image display by modulating the amount of polarized light flux passing through the display medium. Thin Film Transistor-Liquid Crystal Display (TFT-LCD) devices are non-luminous flat panel display devices. By combining other functional components such as color filters, backlights, optical functional films, and polarizers, the voltage difference applied to the upper and lower pixel electrodes of the liquid crystal display medium is used to control the amount of polarized light flux passing through the liquid crystal display medium to achieve color display effects.

[0003] Self-luminous display devices include plasma, field emission, photoluminescence, thermoluminescence, electroluminescence, inorganic, and organic light-emitting diodes. Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displays utilize polymer luminescent materials deposited between lower and upper pixel electrodes, along with electron and hole conduction layers and injection layers. A bias electric field applied to the electrodes induces the migration of electron and hole carriers, which then enter the luminescent polymer material and recombine there. This generates excitation photons, resulting in the luminescent display. OLED displays offer advantages such as wide viewing angles, fast response times, thin panels, the absence of backlights and color filters, and the ability to manufacture large and flexible displays. However, due to their inherent self-luminous nature, when external light strikes the OLED's metal electrodes, it generates reflected light, which can interfere with the image displayed on the OLED's display surface, reducing image contrast and display quality. Therefore, in the structural design of OLED, a circular polarizer with a quarter-wave plate is placed on the outer layer to block external reflected light to ensure a display device with higher contrast.

[0004] A typical polarizer is primarily made of a composite multilayer of films, including polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film, cellulose triacetate film, a protective film, a release film, and a pressure-sensitive adhesive. Its function is to filter out non-specific light from a general, multi-directional light source, converting it into polarized light with a specific direction. Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional schematic of the basic structure of a conventional polarizer 5, including a polarizing element layer 15 composed of a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film adsorbed with a dichroic substance, such as iodine or a dye. PVA molecules are originally randomly distributed at random angles. When stretched by external stress, the molecules gradually deflect in the direction of the applied force. The iodine ions or dye attached to the PVA also acquire a directional property, absorbing the electric field component of the light flux parallel to its alignment and allowing only the perpendicular component to pass through. The PVA film is the core component of the polarizer, responsible for polarization, and is a key indicator of the polarizer's optical properties, including polarization performance, transmittance, and color tone. Because the PVA film in a polarizer typically degrades in mechanical properties after being stretched by external stress, becoming susceptible to breakage and water absorption, it can lose its polarization performance without proper protection. Typically, a protective film layer 16 (e.g., triacetate cellulose, TAC) with excellent support, optical uniformity, high transparency, acid and alkali resistance, and UV resistance is applied on both sides of the PVA film to isolate moisture and air. This layer covers the stretched PVA film and provides support, protection, and shrinkage prevention for the polarizer layer 15. Furthermore, the basic structure of the polarizer also includes another protective film 13: a polyethylene (PE) or polyethylene terephthalate (PET) release film 19 with high strength, excellent transparency, acid and alkali resistance, and anti-static properties. It can be coated with an adhesive and adhered to the polarizer protective film layer 16 (TAC) to further protect the polarizer layer 15 from external damage. In addition, in order to achieve a better display image and avoid interference from internal or external stray light, another protective film 13 can be selected on the optical protective film layer 16 (TAC) or some surface treatment types such as anti-glare (AG), low reflection (LR), transparent hardening (CHC), and anti-reflection (AR) can be performed on the protective film layer 16 (TAC) to improve the resolution and image display quality of the display image.Furthermore, the basic structure of the polarizer also includes a pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) 18, primarily composed of various acrylic polymers. This adhesive exhibits excellent adhesion and transparency, and is a common bonding material between layers of optically functional films. It is primarily used to bond the polarizer to the glass substrate of a display device. This pressure-sensitive adhesive 18 typically undergoes a long, optimized curing process of several days at a specific ambient temperature (a major bottleneck in the time-consuming production of polarizers). This process stabilizes the primary adhesive and hardener within the pressure-sensitive adhesive 18, achieving conditions or properties that completely release internal stress. This allows the pressure-sensitive adhesive 18 to be subsequently bonded to the protective film layer 16 (TAC), the release film 19 (PET), and the glass substrate of the display panel, optimizing adhesion performance and improving the production yield and image quality of the display device.

[0005] The PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film of the release film 19 has the characteristics of high strength, non-deformation, good transparency, and high surface flatness. The pressure-sensitive adhesive 18 coated on one side has different peel strength and adhesion. Before the polarizer is attached to the display device, it can protect the pressure-sensitive adhesive 18 layer from damage or foreign matter adhesion, and avoid the generation of bubbles during the bonding process. Usually, the main reasons for polarizer warping are caused by abnormal conditions in the optimized curing process of the pressure-sensitive adhesive 18, the adhesiveness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive 18 is affected by the external ambient temperature and humidity, the cutting stress is uneven when the polarizer is cut to size, the different expansion and contraction stresses caused by the inconsistent thermal expansion and contraction coefficients of the protective film 13 and the release film 19 make the surface stress difference of each film layer too large, and the polarizer is left idle for too long after being removed from the vacuum packaging, resulting in humidity influence, etc., which cause the polarizer to deform and warp.

[0006] Polarizers are a key component of liquid crystal display devices. Typically, two polarizers are required, one attached to the color filter (CF) and the other to the TFT glass substrate. The lower polarizer, attached to the TFT glass substrate, converts the backlight beam into polarized light, while the other polarizer, attached to the CF glass substrate, resolves the polarized light. Typically, LCDs use the voltage difference between the lower pixel electrode on the TFT glass substrate and the upper pixel electrode on the CF glass substrate, combined with the torsional properties of the liquid crystal display medium, to control the amount of polarized light passing through the liquid crystal display medium, thereby displaying the light and dark grayscale of the pixel electrodes. Furthermore, when combined with a color filter substrate, color display can be achieved. (Compared to LCDs, OLED devices generally require only one circular polarizer attached to the OLED display substrate to block reflected light and ensure a high contrast ratio on the display surface.)

[0007] Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and liquid crystal displays utilize a transparent substrate (e.g., but not limited to, glass) on which thin-film transistors (TFTs) and lower pixel electrodes are sequentially formed. A conductive layer, an injection layer, a display medium layer (e.g., but not limited to, a luminescent material such as a polymer or quantum dots), and an upper pixel electrode are then optionally formed. Alternatively, another transparent substrate containing an upper pixel electrode and / or a color filter material is used, and a display medium (e.g., but not limited to, liquid crystal) is formed between the upper and lower pixel electrodes within the two transparent substrates. The difference in voltage or current applied to the upper and lower pixel electrodes by thin-film transistors is used to modulate the amount of polarized light passing through the display medium, resulting in either a self-luminous or non-luminous display device.

[0008] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the basic structure of a conventional liquid crystal display device 20. During the typical LCD manufacturing process, thin-film transistors (not shown) and a lower pixel electrode layer 26 are typically fabricated on a TFT glass substrate 22. A color filter layer and an upper pixel electrode layer 28 are then fabricated on a separate CF glass substrate 21. The LCD panel assembly process then proceeds simultaneously. First, the glass substrates are cleaned, followed by polyimide (PI) printing and rubbing. Seal material is then applied and liquid crystal is filled. After these processes are complete, the CF and TFT glass substrates are aligned and bonded to seal the liquid crystal display medium 25. After lamination is complete, cutting will proceed. The large-area initial CF and TFT glass substrate mother sheets are cut to the required product size. Then, using the pressure-sensitive adhesive 18 (PSA) in the polarizer 5, a polarizer 5 is attached to each of the cut TFT glass substrate 22 and CF glass substrate 21. These polarizers are adhered to the cut glass substrates in alternating directions. The primary function of the polarizer is to adjust the voltage or current difference applied by the thin-film transistor to the upper or lower pixel electrodes sandwiched between the liquid crystal display medium. This difference modulates the amount of polarized light passing through the liquid crystal display medium, allowing the backlight to display light or dark states (in a non-self-luminous display mode) to achieve the function of displaying images.

[0009] OLED displays utilize thin-film transistors (TFTs) on the OLED display substrate to control the voltage or current differential applied to the upper and lower pixel electrodes sandwiched between the OLED's polymer light-emitting display dielectric material. This differential modulates the amount of light passing through the OLED's polymer light-emitting display dielectric material to achieve image display (a self-luminous display mode). OLED displays typically require a circular polarizer attached to the substrate to block external reflected light and ensure a high contrast ratio.

[0010] The main indicators of polarizer performance include three aspects (but not limited to) optical properties, mechanical properties and reliability. Usually, polarizers are prone to deformation, shrinkage or relaxation when heated or absorbing moisture. In particular, the material properties of the TAC protective layer film 16 and the pressure-sensitive adhesive 18 are quite different, which can easily generate stress and cause adverse conditions such as polarizer warping, and bubbles and peeling during the subsequent polarizer attachment process. In addition to requiring suitable initial adhesion, sustained adhesion, and good optical properties, the pressure-sensitive adhesive 18 of the polarizer is also required to have good moisture and heat resistance, aging resistance, and re-peeling performance. The reasons for the poor performance of polarizers are usually appearance defects. Warping will cause problems such as partial adhesion bubbles and poor bonding during panel processing. In the treatment of poor bonding, the poor polarizer needs to be torn off and reworked. Tearing off and re-bonding the polarizer may increase production costs, and the display panel is prone to rupture, resulting in low production yields. The bubbles created during the polarizer attachment process contain air. When the light source of the backlight module passes through the polarizer, the light will be refracted when passing through the air, causing light leakage in the display device. It will also cause large appearance defects. Display device specifications do not allow any appearance defects, resulting in loss of production yield.

[0011] In summary, existing polarizers and display devices using the same still have various defects that need to be improved.

[0012] Summary of the Invention

[0013] The present invention provides a polarizing substrate comprising a polarizing element and at least one or more optically functional film layers. The optically functional film layer has a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface. The first surface is located on the polarizing element, and a pixel electrode is disposed on the second surface of the optically functional film layer. A voltage or current signal applied to the pixel electrode in the optically functional film layer modulates the amount of light passing through the pixel electrode, thereby producing a bright or dark grayscale effect on the pixel electrode, thereby achieving image display.

[0014] Another object of the present invention is to provide a polarizing substrate that can suppress warping of the polarizing substrate in a heated or humid environment, and suppress the formation of bubbles when the polarizing substrate is attached to a display device substrate, thereby suppressing light leakage in the display device.

[0015] The present invention further provides a polarizing substrate that eliminates the need for a pressure-sensitive adhesive in the polarizing substrate to bond to a glass substrate of a display device, thereby reducing problems such as poor bonding and loss of production yield.

[0016] The present invention also provides a polarizing substrate, wherein the optical functional film layer of the polarizing substrate can be subjected to surface treatments such as anti-glare (AG), low reflection (LR), transparent curing (CHC), and anti-reflection (AR) to improve the resolution and quality of the display image.

[0017] The present invention further provides a display medium module comprising at least one or more display medium layers, at least one or more polarizing substrates having a first pixel electrode, and a second pixel electrode opposite the first pixel electrode. The display medium layer is positioned between the two pixel electrodes. The difference in the relative magnitude of the electrical energy signals applied to the first and second pixel electrodes is used to modulate the amount of light passing through the display medium layer, thereby producing a bright and dark grayscale effect on the display medium and achieving image display.

[0018] Another object of the present invention is to provide a display media module in which a polarizing substrate is incorporated into the display media module, thereby eliminating the need for the polarizing substrate to be attached to the glass substrate of a display device via a pressure-sensitive adhesive in the polarizing substrate, thereby reducing problems such as poor bonding and loss of production yield.

[0019] Another object of the present invention is to provide a display medium module in which a polarizing substrate in the display medium module is capable of suppressing warping of the polarizing substrate, which is prone to occur in heat and moisture absorption environments, and suppressing light leakage from the display device caused by air bubbles formed when the polarizing substrate is attached to the display device substrate.

[0020] Another object of the present invention is to provide a display media module in which the optical functional film layer of the polarizing substrate in the display media module can be subjected to surface treatments such as anti-glare (AG), low reflection (LR), clear curing (CHC), and anti-reflection (AR) to improve the resolution and quality of the display image.

[0021] Another object of the present invention is to provide a display device comprising at least one or more display media modules having one or more pixel electrodes; and an active switch component. The active switch component is electrically connected to the pixel electrodes in the display media module. The active switch component modulates the magnitude of the electrical energy signal applied to the pixel electrodes in the display media module to control the amount of light flux passing through the display media between paired pixel electrodes, thereby producing a bright and dark grayscale effect in the display media and achieving image display functionality.

[0022] Another object of the present invention is to provide a display device, wherein the display medium module in the display device includes at least one polarizing substrate, and the polarizing substrate can suppress warping of the polarizing substrate that is prone to occur in a heated or moisture-absorbing environment, and suppress air bubbles that are prone to occur when the polarizing substrate is attached to the display device substrate, causing light leakage in the display device.

[0023] Another object of the present invention is to provide a display device, wherein the display medium module in the display device includes at least one polarizing substrate, and the optical functional film layer of the polarizing substrate can be subjected to surface treatments such as anti-glare (AG), low reflection (LR), transparent hardening (CHC), and anti-reflection (AR) to improve the resolution and quality of the display image.

[0024] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a polarizing substrate having pixel electrodes. By controlling the relative electrical energy signal difference between the polarizing substrate's pixel electrodes and another pixel electrode within the polarizing substrate, display medium module, or display device, the amount of polarized light passing through the polarizing substrate, display medium module, and display device is modulated to achieve a desired display effect. This eliminates the need for conventional polarizing substrates to be attached to a display device substrate using pressure-sensitive adhesives, directly reducing issues such as poor bonding and yield loss. Furthermore, the method can suppress warping of the polarizing substrate under heat and moisture absorption, as well as prevent the formation of bubbles when the polarizing substrate is attached to a display device substrate, which can lead to light leakage in the display device.

[0025] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a display medium module. By using the polarizing substrate having pixel electrodes of the present invention and forming a display medium layer on the pixel electrodes, another pixel electrode can be optionally formed on the display medium layer. Alternatively, another pixel electrode can be formed on another optically functional film layer, and then the display medium layer can be disposed between the pixel electrodes. The display medium layer is positioned so as to be sandwiched between the two pixel electrodes. The difference in the relative electrical energy signals applied to the pixel electrodes and the other pixel electrodes is used to modulate the amount of light passing through the display medium layer, thereby producing a bright or dark effect on the display medium and achieving image display functionality.

[0026] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a display device, comprising: providing a display medium module according to the present invention with a first pixel electrode and a second pixel electrode, forming a display medium layer between the two pixel electrodes; and forming an active switch element having at least one or more transistor sections on a transistor substrate, wherein the transistor sections are formed on the transistor substrate. The active switch element is electrically connected to the pixel electrodes of the display medium module to modulate the polarization flux of the display medium corresponding to the pixel electrodes, thereby presenting a light and dark grayscale effect on the display medium, thereby achieving the image display function of the display device.

[0027] The polarizing substrate with pixel electrodes of the present invention modulates the magnitude of the electrical energy signal applied to the corresponding pixel electrodes within the polarizing substrate to control the amount of light flux passing through the polarizing element and display medium module within the polarizing substrate, thereby achieving the desired grayscale effect and achieving image display. Furthermore, the polarizing substrate eliminates the presence of pressure-sensitive adhesives, further suppressing warping of the polarizing substrate under heat and moisture absorption. This also eliminates problems such as poor bonding and the formation of air bubbles when the polarizing substrate is attached to a display device substrate, which can lead to production yield loss or light leakage in the display device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] FIG1 is a cross-sectional view of the basic structure of a conventional polarizer.

[0029] FIG2 is a cross-sectional view of the basic structure of a conventional liquid crystal display device.

[0030] FIG3A is a cross-sectional view of a polarizing substrate according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] FIG3B is a cross-sectional view of a polarizing substrate according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] FIG4A is a cross-sectional view of a display medium module according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] FIG4B is a cross-sectional view of a display medium module according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] FIG4C is a cross-sectional view of a display medium module according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] FIG4D is a cross-sectional view of a display medium module according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] FIG. 4E is a top view of a display medium module according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] FIG. 4F is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the display medium module along the section line AA according to FIG. 4E .

[0038] FIG4G is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the display medium module along the section line BB according to FIG4E .

[0039] FIG5 is a cross-sectional view of a display medium module according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] FIG6 is a cross-sectional view of a display device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] FIG7 is a cross-sectional view of a display device according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] FIG8 is a cross-sectional view of a display device according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following will further illustrate the implementation of the present invention using one or more embodiments. However, the one or more embodiments described below are not intended to limit the present invention to the materials, environments, applications, structures, processes, or steps described. Components not directly related to the present invention have been omitted from the figures. The dimensional relationships between the components in the figures are provided solely for ease of description and are not intended to limit the actual dimensional ratios of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, in the following description, identical (similar or similar) component numbers correspond to identical (similar or similar) components. For example, when a layer, film, region, or substrate component is referred to as being "on," "attached," "connected," "combined," "disposed," "contacting," "formed," or "linked" to another component, it can be directly attached to the other component, directly attached to the other component, or the two components can be combined together with another component. Conversely, when a component is referred to as being "directly connected to," "directly in contact with," "directly attached," "directly combined," "directly formed," or "directly disposed" to another component, this means that no other component is present.

[0044] When the terms "first," "second," and the like are used herein to describe various components, films, layers, or components, these components, films, layers, or components should not be limited by the terms used in these descriptions. These terms simply distinguish one component, film, layer, or component from another. Thus, a first "component," "substrate," "film," "layer," "base material," or "component" discussed below could also be referred to as a second component, film, layer, or component without departing from the teachings herein.

[0045] The relative terms "lower," "bottom," "upper," and "top" in the description are used in the drawings to describe that one component, film, layer, or part is considered to correspond to another component, film, layer, or part. Relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in addition to the orientation shown in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure is turned over, the component that was described as being on the "lower" side of the other components will be re-considered to correspond to the "upper" side of the other components. Therefore, the exemplary illustrative term "lower" can include the corresponding orientation relationship of "lower" and "upper." For example, if the device in a figure is turned over, the component that was described as being "below" or "beneath" the other components will be re-considered to be "above" the other components. Therefore, the exemplary terms "lower" or "beneath" can be positioned to include the orientation of above and / or below.

[0046] In order to solve the aforementioned various technical problems faced by conventional polarizers, display media modules and display devices using the same, and their manufacturing methods, etc., please refer to Figure 3A, which is a cross-sectional view of a polarizing substrate 30 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 3A, the present invention provides a polarizing substrate 30 comprising at least one or more polarizing elements 35 and an optically functional film layer 34; wherein the optically functional film layer 34 has a first surface 31 and a second surface 32 opposite to the first surface 31, the first surface 31 being disposed on the polarizing element 35; and a patterned pixel electrode 36 is disposed on the second surface 32 of the optically functional film layer 34. The polarizing element 35 in the polarizing substrate 30 can transform omnidirectional light into light polarized in a single direction, shielding or absorbing light vibrating in other directions. By applying an electrical energy signal to the patterned pixel electrode 36, the amount of light flux passing through the pixel electrode 36 of the polarizing substrate 30 is controlled or modulated to present a light and dark grayscale effect on the pixel electrode 36, thereby achieving the polarizing substrate 30's function as an image display substrate (the display medium and other pixel electrodes required to achieve the light and dark grayscale display effect are omitted here; the display medium module and display device using the polarizing substrate 30 will be described later).

[0047] By applying an electrical energy signal to the pixel electrode 36 of the polarizing substrate 30, the brightness, viewing angle, and display quality of the light on the pixel electrode can be controlled. This technology is not limited to being a key component of display devices, but can also be used in other products, such as anti-glare goggles, filters for photographic equipment, polarized sunglasses, anti-glare treatment and polarization adjustment devices for automobile headlights, polarizing microscopes, and special polarized glasses for medical use (not shown).

[0048] Polarizing element 35 can be made from a highly translucent polymer film (polyvinyl alcohol, PVA) adsorbed with a dichroic substance (e.g., iodine), allowing the iodine ions to diffuse and penetrate the inner layer of the PVA. After slight heating, the film is stretched several times its length, becoming both longer and thinner. Because PVA molecules are randomly distributed at random angles, upon tensile stress, the polymer aligns uniformly in the direction of the stress, causing the attached iodine ions to form long, directional chains. This absorbs the electric field component of the light flux parallel to its alignment direction while allowing the electric field component of the light flux perpendicular to it to pass through. The manufacturing process of stretched polyvinyl alcohol film (PVA) is currently the most predominant method for producing polarizing element 35, meeting the requirements of large-scale display device applications and low production costs. Alternatively, other manufacturing methods can be used for polarizing element 35, such as metallic polarization using a fine metal grid (slit), dye-based polarization, polyethylene polarization, iodine-based polarization, or a combination of one or more of the above.

[0049] The first surface 31 of the optically functional film layer 34 in the polarizing substrate 30 is typically adhered to the polarizing element 35 using an optical adhesive (not shown) containing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to prevent the polarizing element 35 from shrinking due to tensile stress and to protect the polarizing element 35. The optically functional film layer 34 needs to have excellent optical properties such as transmittance, refractive index, absorptivity, and color gamut. In particular, it needs to have extremely high transmittance to reduce light flux loss, and stable material properties such as mechanical strength, adhesion, durability, permeability, and dimensional stability to prevent shrinkage due to tensile stress and to protect the polarizing element 35. The optically functional film layer 34 can be made of powdered triacetate (TAC) through a manufacturing process including dissolution, filtration, plasticization, injection molding, and drying to obtain an optically functional film layer 34 with excellent light uniformity, transmittance, acid and alkali resistance, mechanical strength, adhesion, durability, and UV resistance (some additional additives or manufacturing processes for optimizing performance are omitted).

[0050] In addition to being made of triacetate (TAC) material, the optical functional film layer 34 may also be made of the following materials (but not limited to): light-transmitting materials, light-opaque materials, flexible materials, thin rigid materials, thin metal materials, ceramic materials, glass materials, insulating materials, metal compounds, thin metal alloys, organic materials, inorganic materials, composite materials, epoxy resins, and combinations thereof (omitting some additives used to optimize performance). The aforementioned flexible materials may include: polyethylene naphthalate plastic (PEN), polyvinyl chloride plastic (PVC), polyether ether plastic (PES), polyethylene terephthalate plastic (PET), aromatic polyester plastic (PAR), polystyrene plastic (PS), polycarbonate (PC), polyimide (PI), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyacrylonitrile plastic (PAN), cyclic olefin polymer (COP), cyclic olefin copolymer (COC), polyamide plastic (PA), epoxy resin (ER), thin glass, and combinations thereof.

[0051] FIG3B is a cross-sectional view of a polarizing substrate 300 according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG3B , the present invention provides a polarizing substrate 300 (similar in structure to the polarizing substrate 30 described above) comprising at least one or more polarizing elements 305, an optically functional film layer 304, and a pixel electrode 306. The surface 301 of the optically functional film layer 304 in the polarizing substrate 300 may be optionally treated with the following surface treatments, including anti-glare (AG), anti-glare + low-reflection (LR), clear hard coating + low-reflection (CHC+LR), clear hard coating (CHC), anti-reflection (AR), lens forming, or a combination thereof, through processes such as coating, sputtering, plating, spraying, and etching, to enhance the resolution and quality of the display. Furthermore, the original optical functional film layer 304 may be combined with another optoelectronic component film layer 314, such as a reflective film layer, a brightness enhancement film layer, an anti-reflection film layer, a filter film layer, a phase difference compensation film layer, an alignment film layer, a diffusion film layer, a prism film layer, a light-gathering film layer, a light-scattering film layer, a light-shielding film layer, a pixel switch film layer, and a lens film layer, to form a composite optical functional film layer 34M, which also belongs to another form of the above-mentioned surface treatment category to improve the display image quality. Furthermore, another optical functional component having an optical function may be combined with the optical functional film layer 304 of the polarizing substrate 300 (referring to the similar structure of the optical functional component 222 of the display medium module 250 in FIG. 4C , which is omitted for the time being). The optical functional components include: reflective functional components, brightening functional components, diffusion functional components, light guiding functional components, reflective functional components, anti-reflective functional components, filtering functional components, phase difference compensation functional components, alignment functional components, prism functional components, focusing functional components, astigmatism functional components, shading functional components, lens functional components and a combination of one or more of the above, which are used to improve the integration of various application functions of the polarizing substrate, reduce production complexity, and improve the quality of polarization.

[0052] The patterned pixel electrode 36 formed on the surface of the optical functional film layer 304 or the composite optical functional film layer 34M can be made from materials including (but not limited to) the following: transparent metal oxide conductive materials, thin metal conductive materials, ink conductive materials, conductive polymer materials, light-transmitting conductive materials, light-opaque conductive materials, flexible conductive materials, rigid conductive materials, metal complex conductive materials, metal compounds, thin metal alloys, organic conductive materials, inorganic conductive materials, composite conductive materials, and combinations thereof. The pixel electrode 36 can be fabricated by first forming the other optoelectronic device film layer 314 and then combining, gluing, bonding, or joining the optical functional film layer 304 to form the composite optical functional film layer 34M having the pixel electrode 36. Alternatively, the pixel electrode 36 can be formed on the surface of the optical functional film layer 304 or the composite optical functional film layer 34M after the pixel electrode 36 is formed on both optical functional film layers. The shape of the pixel electrode 36 may include a square, rectangle, fan, triangle, trapezoid, circle, rhombus, rectangle, regular polygon, polygon, irregular shape, or a combination of one or more of the above (but not limited thereto) to enhance the display performance in various application fields.

[0053] The above describes the relevant technical contents of the structure of the polarizing substrate 30 / 300 of this embodiment. The technical contents of the polarizing substrate structures of other embodiments according to the present invention are described below and can be referenced to each other. Therefore, the same parts will be omitted or simplified.

[0054] FIG4A is a cross-sectional view of a display medium module 50 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG4A , the present invention provides a display medium module 50 comprising at least one or more polarizing substrates 40 (similar in structure to the polarizing substrates 30 / 300 described above), including: at least one or more polarizing elements 45; at least one or more optically functional film layers 44 having a first surface 41 and a second surface 42, wherein the first surface 41 is located above the polarizing element 45 and a first pixel electrode 46 is disposed on the second surface 42; a display medium layer 55 formed on the first pixel electrode 46; and a second pixel electrode 48 formed on the display medium layer 55, either selectively or initially on another optically functional film layer 44 and then combined with the display medium layer 55. The display medium layer 55 is disposed between the first and second pixel electrodes 46, 48 (the two pixel electrodes may be arranged on different or the same surface). By applying the difference in the magnitude of the electrical energy signal between the first pixel electrode 46 and the second pixel electrode 48 (for example, the magnitude and / or direction of one of voltage, current, inductance, capacitance, electric field, magnetic field, and combinations thereof, but not limited thereto) to the corresponding display medium layer 55, the amount of light flux passing through the display medium layer 55 can be modulated to present a light and dark grayscale effect on the display medium 55, thereby achieving an image display function.

[0055] FIG4B is a cross-sectional view of a display medium module 150 according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG4B , the present invention provides a display medium module 150 comprising at least one or more polarizing substrates 140 (similar in structure to the aforementioned polarizing substrates 30 / 40 / 300), including: at least one or more polarizing elements 145; at least one or more optically functional film layers 144 having a first surface 141 and a second surface 142; wherein the first surface 141 is located above the polarizing element 145; and a first pixel electrode 146 and a second pixel electrode 148 are disposed on the second surface 142 (located on the same surface 142); and a display medium layer 155 is disposed above the first pixel electrode 146 and the second pixel electrode 148. By applying a difference in the magnitude of the electrical energy signal (e.g., the magnitude and / or direction of one of voltage, current, inductance, capacitance, electric field, magnetic field, and combinations thereof, but not limited thereto) between the first pixel electrode 146 and the second pixel electrode 148 to the corresponding display medium layer 155, the amount of light flux passing through the display medium layer 155 located above the pixel electrodes can be modulated to present a light and dark grayscale effect on the display medium 155, thereby achieving an image display function.

[0056] FIG4C is a cross-sectional view of a display medium module 250 according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG4C , the present invention provides a display medium module 250 (similar in structure to the display medium modules 50 / 150 described above) comprising at least one or more polarizing substrates 40, at least one or more display medium layers 55, with at least one or more first pixel electrodes 46 and second pixel electrodes 48 formed on the polarizing substrates 40, wherein the display medium layer 55 is disposed between the first pixel electrodes 46 and the second pixel electrodes 48; and at least one or more optical functional components 222 having optical functions assembled on the polarizing substrate 40. The optical functional components 222 include reflective components, brightness enhancement components, diffusion components, light guide components, reflective components, anti-reflective components, light filtering components, phase compensation components, alignment components, prism components, light focusing components, light diffusion components, light shielding components, lens components, and combinations thereof. The light-emitting element 221 may be disposed within or on any surface of the optical functional element 222 and then assembled on the polarizing substrate 40. The light-emitting element 221 includes electroluminescence (EL), photoluminescence (PL), light-emitting diodes (LED), cold cathode fluorescent lamps (CCFL), incandescent lamps, flat fluorescent lamps (FFL), hot cathode fluorescent lamps (HCFL), and combinations of one or more of the above.

[0057] FIG4D is a cross-sectional view of a display medium module 350 according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG4D , the present invention provides a display medium module 350 (similar in structure to the display medium modules 50 / 150 / 250 described above) comprising at least one or more display media layers (shown as 75A / 75B / 75C in FIG4D , but not limited to display medium layers of only three types, colors, or materials); at least one or more polarizing substrates 340 comprising at least one or more polarizing elements 345; at least one or more optically functional film layers 344 having a first surface 341 and a second surface 342; and at least one or more pixel electrodes 346 / 348 (e.g., a first pixel electrode 346 and a second pixel electrode 348) that may be patterned on the first surface 341 and / or the second surface 342. Alternatively, at least one or more through-holes 343 may be formed in the optically functional film layer 344 or the polarizing substrate 340, with at least one or more conductors 347 disposed within the through-holes for electrically connecting the pixel electrodes formed on the surface of the optically functional film layer 344. The display medium layer 75A / 75B / 75C is disposed between the first pixel electrode 346 and the second pixel electrode 348. Furthermore, the areas of the paired pixel electrodes corresponding to each display medium layer may be selected to be different, meaning that the areas of the display medium corresponding to each pixel electrode modulation may also be different (as shown in FIG. 4D , the pixel electrode of the modulated display medium layer 75A is four times the area of ​​the display medium layer 75B, but this is not limited thereto). The optically functional film layer 344 may include a composite optically functional film layer formed by the aforementioned surface treatment and / or may include at least one or more optically functional components (not shown). Here, only the lower / upper polarizing substrate 340 having the first and second pixel electrodes 346 / 348 and the display medium layer 75C disposed between the first and second pixel electrodes 346 / 348 need to be retained to form another simple display medium module (as shown in Figure 4D: the related components of the pixel electrodes 346 from the display medium layer 75A to the display medium layer 75C can be omitted).

[0058] Please refer to Figures 4E to 4G. Figure 4E is a top view of a display media module 380 according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4F is a cross-sectional view of the display media module 380 along line AA according to Figure 4E. Figure 4G is a cross-sectional view of the display media module 380 along line BB according to Figure 4E. As shown in Figures 4E to 4G, the present invention provides a display medium module 380, comprising at least one or more polarizing substrates 390 (similar in structure to the polarizing substrate 40 described above), which includes: at least one or more polarizing elements 385; at least one or more optically functional film layers 384 having a first surface 381 and a second surface 382, ​​wherein the first surface 381 is located above the polarizing element 385 and a pixel electrode 386 is disposed on the second surface 382; a display medium layer 395 is formed above the pixel electrode 386; and a pixel reference electrode 388 is selectively formed on the display medium layer 395, or the pixel reference electrode 388 is first formed on another optically functional film layer 384 and then combined with the display medium layer 395, wherein the display medium layer 395 is disposed between the pixel electrode 386 and the pixel reference electrode 388. The display medium module 380 further includes at least one or more pixel pitch conversion modules 393 having at least one or more circuit conductors 398, which are electrically connected to the pixel electrodes 386 of the display medium module 380 and the associated pixel electrode driving switch circuits. (The illustration uses only sixteen pixel electrodes and one pixel pitch conversion module for simplified illustration, but is not limited to this; the active switch components and / or electrical functional components required to achieve the brightness and shading effects of the display pixel electrodes are omitted for now and will be described later in conjunction with the display device.) The display medium module 380 may also include at least one or more through-holes 389H or grooves (not shown) disposed therein or on any side surface (e.g., the rear, top / bottom, front, left / right sides). The pixel pitch conversion modules 393 may be optionally integrated into the through-holes 389H, grooves, or any side surface (not shown) of the display medium module 380 to serve as a pixel pitch conversion medium. The pixel pitch conversion module 393 converts the pitch (PP) between two adjacent pixel electrodes 386 to the pitch (P1) between two adjacent circuit conductors 398 . The pitch P1 between adjacent circuit conductors 398 is smaller than the pitch PP between adjacent pixel electrodes.

[0059] FIG5 is a cross-sectional view of another preferred embodiment of a display media module 450 according to the present invention. As shown in FIG5 , the present invention provides a detachable display media module 450 comprising at least one or more detachable display media modules 460 and an optoelectronic functional substrate 420. Display media module 460 (similar in structure to the aforementioned display media modules 50 / 150 / 250 / 350 / 380, such as, but not limited to, those shown in FIG4A / 4B / 4C / 4D / 4F / 4G) includes at least one or more through-holes 463 formed therein or on any side thereof. At least one or more electrical conductors 467 may be optionally disposed in the through-holes 463. An electrical adapter module 469 comprising at least one or more electrical conductors 467 may also be optionally disposed therein or on any side thereof (e.g., the rear, top / bottom, front, left / right sides). The optoelectronic functional substrate 420 has a first surface 441 and a second surface 442. It may include at least one or more light-emitting elements 421 formed within or on either side of the optoelectronic functional element 420. Optionally, at least one or more through-holes 443 may be formed in the optoelectronic functional substrate 420, with at least one or more conductors 447 optionally disposed within the through-holes 443. The first pixel electrode 446 and / or the second pixel electrode 448 of the display medium module 460 may be electrically connected to the conductors 467 of the electrical adapter module 469 and the conductors 447 of the optoelectronic functional substrate 420 via fixed bonding (e.g., but not limited to, fusion bonding, metal thermocompression bonding, polymer adhesive bonding, and combinations thereof), removable bonding (e.g., via connectors, but not limited to these), or a combination thereof.

[0060] As shown in FIG5 , the detachable display media modules 450 can be configured to be independently assembled and removable. That is, each display media module 460 has no integrally connected components (e.g., display media layer, optical functional film layer, polarizing element, etc.) with another display media module 460. Therefore, each display media module 460 can be independently removed from the optoelectronic functional substrate 420. Therefore, if a display media module 460 is damaged, it can be removed and replaced with a functioning display media module 460.

[0061] The display medium layer 55 / 155 / 75A / 75B / 75C / 395 can be positioned as a light-modulating medium layer (e.g., a self-luminous or non-luminous medium layer). The display medium layer is disposed between the first pixel electrode and the second pixel electrode or the pixel reference electrode. The luminous flux of the display medium layer is controlled by the difference in electrical energy signals applied between the first and second pixel electrodes or the pixel reference electrode. For example, if the display medium layer is a liquid crystal material made of a non-luminous medium, the difference in electrical energy signals modulates the rearrangement of the liquid crystal molecules. For example, if the display medium layer is an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) material made of a self-luminous medium, the magnitude of the applied electric field shifts carriers, causing electron and hole carrier recombination to produce color and light intensity. Non-luminous medium materials may include at least one of liquid crystal, electrophoretic, electrofluidic, microelectromechanical reflective, electrowetting, electronic ink, magnetic fluid, electrochromic, electrophase transition, and thermochromic. The self-luminous dielectric material may include at least one of an electroluminescent material, a photoluminescent material, a cathode luminescent material, a field emission luminescent material, a phosphorescent material, a fluorescent material, a quantum dot material, and a light-emitting diode material to produce white, red, green, blue, orange, indigo, purple, yellow, or a combination thereof.

[0062] In addition to non-self-luminous medium or self-luminous medium material, the display medium layer may also include filter material, conductive material, insulating material, light absorbing material, light reflecting material, light refracting material, polarizing material, light diffusing material, light transmitting material and a combination of one or more thereof. Furthermore, before or after forming pixel electrodes on the surface of the optically functional film layer of the polarizing substrate in each of the aforementioned display media modules, the following surface treatments may be performed through processes such as coating, sputtering, plating, spraying, and etching. These include anti-glare (AG), anti-glare + low-reflection (LR), clear hard coating + low-reflection (CHC + LR), clear hard coating (CHC), anti-reflection (AR), and lens forming to improve the resolution and quality of the display image. Alternatively, the addition of an optoelectronic component film layer to the existing optically functional film layer, including a reflective film layer, a brightness enhancement film layer, an anti-reflection film layer, a filter film layer, a phase difference compensation film layer, an alignment film layer, a diffusion film layer, a prism film layer, a focusing film layer, a light-scattering film layer, a light-shielding film layer, a pixel switch film layer, or a lens film layer, or any combination thereof, also constitutes another type of surface treatment.

[0063] The shape of each display medium module constructed above can be set to one of (but not limited to) square, rectangle, sector, triangle, trapezoid, circle, rhombus, rectangle, regular polygon, polygon, irregular shape, or a combination thereof. The shape of the first pixel electrode and the second pixel electrode in all the display medium modules above can also be set to one of (but not limited to) square, rectangle, sector, triangle, trapezoid, circle, rhombus, rectangle, regular polygon, polygon, irregular shape, or a combination thereof to enhance the display performance of the display medium in various application fields.

[0064] The above describes the technical contents related to the structures of the display medium modules 50 / 150 / 160 / 250 / 350 / 380 / 450 / 460 of the present embodiment. Next, the technical contents of the display medium module structures according to other embodiments of the present invention are described. The technical contents of the display medium module structures of the various embodiments should be cross-referenced, so the same parts will be omitted or simplified.

[0065] Please refer to Figure 6 for a cross-sectional view of a display device 80 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 6, the present invention provides a display device 80 comprising at least one or more display media modules 70 (similar in structure to the display media modules 50 / 150 / 250 / 350 / 380 / 450 / 460, etc. described above); at least one or more polarizing substrates 60 (similar in structure to the polarizing substrate 40 described above), comprising at least one or more polarizing elements 65, an optically functional film layer 64 having a first surface 61 and a second surface 62, the first surface 61 being located above the polarizing elements 65, and a first pixel electrode 66 being disposed on the second surface 62; and at least one polarizing element 65 having a first surface 61 and a second surface 62. A display dielectric layer 75 is formed on the first pixel electrode 66, and a second pixel electrode 68 is selectively formed on the display dielectric layer 75, or the second pixel electrode 68 is first formed on another optically functional film layer 64 and then combined with the display dielectric layer 75, wherein the display dielectric layer 75 is disposed between the first pixel electrode 66 and the second pixel electrode 68; and an active switch element 100, which includes a transistor substrate portion 103 and at least one or more transistor portions 105 (for simplicity of description, only one transistor portion 105 is shown, but the present invention is not limited thereto), and the transistor portion 105 is formed on the transistor substrate portion 103. In other words, the transistor substrate portion 103 is part of a transistor substrate (not shown), and the transistor substrate is subsequently cut into a plurality of active switch elements 100 (including at least one or more transistor portions 105) through a subsequent cutting step. The active switch component 100 can also be considered a chip or die. The active switch component 100 can be electrically connected to the first pixel electrode 66, the second pixel electrode, and / or the pixel reference electrode (not shown) of the display medium module 70 by fixed bonding (e.g., fusion bonding, metal thermal compression bonding, polymer adhesive bonding, or a combination thereof), detachable bonding (e.g., via a connector), or other electrical connection methods (e.g., connecting wires 101). The active switch component 100 modulates the magnitude of the power signal applied to the first pixel electrode 66 to adjust the relative power signal difference with the second pixel electrode or the pixel reference electrode (not shown), thereby modulating the polarization flux of the display medium 75 and presenting image information on the display device 80.

[0066] The transistor substrate portion 103 in the active switch element 100 can be fabricated from a transistor substrate (not shown) such as a silicon wafer, glass, quartz, metal, metal oxide, germanium, selenium, silicon-on-insulator (SOI), gallium, gallium arsenide, gallium nitride, silicon carbide, Group III-V compounds, Group II-VI compounds, Group IV-IV compounds, Group IV-IV alloys, amorphous silicon, organic materials, polymer plastics, inorganic materials, or a combination thereof. The transistor portion 105 can be fabricated on a transistor substrate (e.g., a silicon wafer or glass substrate) through a series of transistor or thin film transistor-related manufacturing processes, including exposure, development, etching, diffusion, deposition, ion implantation, cleaning, and inspection. Alternatively, the transistor portion 105 can be fabricated using an inkjet system through a series of inkjet and titration processes, or by combining exposure, development, etching, diffusion, deposition, ion implantation, cleaning, and inspection processes. The transistor substrate (not shown) is then separated into a plurality of active switch components 100 (including at least one or more transistor sections 105) through a subsequent dicing step. The active switch component 100 can also be considered a chip or die. In addition, the active switch component 100 may also include a plurality of conductors 105C and a plurality of conductive electrodes 105E formed on the surface of the transistor substrate section 103 and / or the transistor section 105, which are electrically connected to the source 105S, gate 105G, and drain 105D included in each crystal transistor section 105, or electrically connected to the relevant electrodes of the display medium module.

[0067] The active switch component 100 can be manufactured independently from a transistor substrate (not shown) to complete the transistor portion 105 (but not limited to this), rather than being directly manufactured on a portion of the display medium module 70. Therefore, the manufacturing process of the active switch component 100 is not limited by the material properties of the display medium module 70 itself. When the active switch component 100 is manufactured on a transistor substrate, the transistor substrate can generally withstand higher manufacturing temperatures than the display medium module 70 and the related transistor process technology is more mature. Therefore, the resulting active switch component 100 can have better circuit driving characteristics (such as smaller size, higher yield, or higher transistor electron mobility). Furthermore, the active switch element 100 may also select a more heat-resistant optical functional film layer 64 or the aforementioned other optoelectronic component film layer 314 (see FIG. 3B ) in the display medium module 70. Through process steps similar to the aforementioned series of transistors or thin-film transistors, a pixel switch film layer (not shown) having a transistor switch is manufactured on the optical functional film layer 64 or on the other optoelectronic component film layer 314 (see FIG. 3B ), and then attached to the optical functional film layer 64.

[0068] The above describes the relevant technical contents of the display device 80 structure of this embodiment, and then describes the technical contents of the display device structure according to other embodiments of the present invention. The technical contents of the display device structure of each embodiment should be cross-referenced, so the same parts will be omitted or simplified.

[0069] Please refer to FIG7 for a cross-sectional view of a display device 90 according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG7 , the present invention provides a display device 90 (similar in structure to the display device 80 described above), which includes at least one or more active switch components 100 and a display medium module 70, as well as an electrical functional component 110 and a packaging carrier 93. The active switch component 100 and the electrical functional component 110 can be selected to be on the same transistor substrate (not shown) or separated on different transistor substrates, and manufactured through the aforementioned series of transistor or thin film transistor related manufacturing processes. The manufacturing material of the packaging carrier 93 may include (but is not limited to): semiconductor materials, conductive materials, insulating materials, organic materials, inorganic materials, metal materials, metal alloy materials, ceramic materials, composite materials, light-transmitting materials, light-opaque materials, flexible materials, rigid materials, non-metallic materials, and combinations of one or more of the above. In addition, the packaging carrier 93 may also include: a circuit substrate, a conductive circuit, a conductive connection pad, a conductive connection column, a conductive connection bump, a conductive connection point, an insulating medium, an adhesive medium, a connecting wire, a silicon interlayer, a glass interlayer, a quartz interlayer, a metal oxide interlayer, a silicon-on-insulator interlayer, a gallium arsenide interlayer, a gallium nitride interlayer, a silicon carbide, a Group III-V compound interlayer, a Group II-VI compound interlayer, a Group IV compound interlayer, an amorphous silicon interlayer, an organic interlayer, a polymer plastic interlayer, an inorganic interlayer, and a combination of one or more of the above structures and materials (not shown in the figure, but not limited to this).

[0070] The active switch component 100 and / or the electrical functional component 110 can be packaged using the structure and materials of the aforementioned packaging carrier 93 and then assembled with the display medium module 70 to complete the display device 90. This not only protects the active switch component 100 and the electrical functional component 110, but also makes the assembly operation to the display medium module 70 easier. The package carrier 93 can be considered a small chip or die package for modulating and controlling the display medium. Its structure and materials allow the active switch component 100 (enlarged icon in the dotted circle on the right) and the electrical functional component 110 (enlarged icon in the dotted circle on the left) to be assembled to integrate the image driving circuit. This allows for, among other things, line spacing conversion, shortened signal transmission or interconnection, shortened power transmission distance, increased transmission rate, improved energy efficiency, and improved heat dissipation efficiency. The package carrier 93 can be electrically connected to the first pixel electrode 66 of the display medium module 70 via fixed bonding (e.g., fusion bonding, metal thermocompression bonding, polymer adhesive bonding, or combinations thereof), removable bonding (e.g., via a connector), or other electrical connection methods (e.g., connecting wires 101). By modulating the magnitude of the electrical energy signal applied to the first pixel electrode 66, the relative electrical energy signal difference with the second pixel electrode 68 is adjusted to modulate the polarization flux of the display medium 75, thereby presenting image information on the display device 90.

[0071] The electrical functional component 110 is a functional component having a specific electronic function and is not manufactured directly from a certain part of the display medium module 70. In other words, the electrical functional component 110 is first manufactured after the transistor substrate is completed, and then assembled to the display medium module 70. Therefore, the manufacturing process of the electrical functional component 110 is not limited by the material properties of the display medium module 70 itself. The electrical functional component 110 with a specific electronic function can optionally include the following functions, such as: a touch sensing functional component, a displacement sensing functional component, a temperature and humidity sensing functional component, an acoustic wave sensing functional component, an electromagnetic wave sensing functional component, an image capture functional component, a memory functional component, a control functional component, a wireless communication functional component, a self-luminous functional component, a passive component (inductor, resistor, capacitor or a combination thereof), a photovoltaic functional component, and a combination of one or more of the above (but not limited to). The touch sensing functional component may include: a light sensing component, a piezoelectric sensing component, a capacitive sensing component, a resistive sensing component, an inductive sensing component, an electromagnetic sensing component, a charge sensing component, a voltage sensing component, a current sensing component, an acoustic wave sensing component, and combinations thereof. The wireless communication functional component may include (but is not limited to): RF wireless transmission, Zigbee wireless transmission, wireless personal network (PAN), Bluetooth communication (Bluetooth), infrared, WiFi wireless transmission, wireless local area network (LAN), near field communication (NFC), radio frequency identification (RFID), global system for mobile communication (GSM), worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX), long term evolution (LTE), various generations of wireless communication, various wireless communication methods, and combinations thereof.

[0072] Through the electrical functional component 110, the display device 90 can provide other functions in addition to image display (display, touch, sensing, photography, data transmission, power generation, etc.). For example, the image capture functional component can enable the display device 90 to capture images, the memory functional component can record the status of the display device 90 or record the data of the functional component itself, the control functional component can control the active switch component 100, the wireless communication functional component can wirelessly transmit data with the control module of the display device, and the photovoltaic functional component can convert ambient light into electrical energy, etc.

[0073] The above describes the relevant technical contents of the display device 90 structure of this embodiment, and then describes the technical contents of the display device structure according to other embodiments of the present invention. The technical contents of the display device structure of each embodiment should be cross-referenced, so the same parts will be omitted or simplified.

[0074] FIG8 is a cross-sectional view of a display device 190 according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG8 , the present invention provides a detachable display device 190 comprising at least one or more detachable display media modules 160 having pixel electrodes (similar in structure to the display media modules 50 / 150 / 250 / 350 / 380 / 450 / 460 described above, such as, but not limited to, those shown in FIG4A / 4B / 4C / 4D / 4F / 4G / 5), an optoelectronic functional substrate 220, an active switch component 200, an electrical functional component 210, and a package carrier 293 (similar in structure to the optoelectronic functional substrate 420, active switch component 100, electrical functional component 110, and package carrier 93 described above). The display medium module 160 and the optoelectronic functional substrate 220 further include one of the aforementioned electrical adapter modules, connecting wires, conductors, pixel pitch conversion modules, or combinations thereof, disposed therein or on any side thereof. These modules utilize the aforementioned fixing, detaching, or a combination of these methods to connect electrical control signals between the pixel electrodes of the display medium module 160 and the conductors of the optoelectronic functional substrate 220. After the active switch assembly 200 and the electrical functional assembly 210 are packaged using the structure and materials of the packaging carrier 293, they are then assembled with the optoelectronic functional substrate 220 and the display medium module 160, utilizing either fixing, detaching, or a combination of these methods to connect electrical control signals. This approach not only protects the active switch assembly 200 and the electrical functional assembly 210, but also facilitates assembly into the display medium module 160. The active switch component 200 can also be integrated into the packaging carrier 293 alone or together with the electrical functional component 210, and then electrically connected and assembled with the optoelectronic functional substrate 220 and the display medium module 160 by a fixed method, a disassembly method, or a combination thereof. The electrical connection of each conductor can transmit and control the difference in the electrical energy signal applied to each pixel electrode of the display medium module 160, thereby modulating the amount of polarized flux of the display medium and presenting the display image information of the display device 190.

[0075] The display device 190 comprises one or more independently removable display media modules 160 having pixel electrodes, a removable packaging carrier 293 containing an active switch component 200 and / or an electrical functional component 210, or a removable active switch component 200, electrically connected and integrated with an optoelectronic functional substrate 220 via a fixed, removable, or combination thereof connection. In other words, each display media module 160 is manufactured independently from the other display media modules 160, and no components between the two are integrally connected. Therefore, if a display media module 160 becomes damaged, it can be individually removed from the optoelectronic functional substrate 220 and replaced with a functioning display media module 160. In addition, when the removable packaging carrier 293 containing the active switch component 200 and / or the electrical functional component 210 is damaged, it can be removed from the optoelectronic functional substrate 220 separately and then replaced with a normal packaging carrier 293. Alternatively, the damaged removable active switch component 200 on the optoelectronic functional substrate 220 can be removed separately and replaced with a normal active switch component 200.

[0076] The above describes the technical contents of the polarizing substrate, display medium module, display device, and manufacturing method thereof according to various embodiments of the present invention. The illustrations and / or the above description of the present invention are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Modifications and equivalent arrangements that can be easily accomplished by a person with ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs are within the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is subject to the scope of the patent application. Those skilled in the art will readily observe that numerous modifications and amendments to the device and method can be made while retaining the technical content and teachings of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention should not be construed as being limited by these embodiments, but rather is to be interpreted in accordance with the appended claims.

Claims

1. A polarizing substrate, characterized in that: Include: at least one or more polarizing components; At least one or more optical functional film layers, which have a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and the first surface of the optical functional film layer is located on the polarizing element; as well as A pixel electrode is located on the second surface of the optical functional film layer, wherein the pixel electrode is used to adjust the polarized light flux passing through the polarizing substrate.

2. The polarizing substrate according to claim 1, wherein The polarizing element includes a manufacturing method of selecting polyvinyl alcohol iodine polarizing, dye polarizing, polyethylene polarizing, metal grid or a combination of one or more of the above.

3. The polarizing substrate according to claim 1, wherein The optical functional film layer is made of triacetate cellulose (TAC) material.

4. The polarizing substrate according to claim 1, wherein The optical functional film layer is further made of light-transmitting materials, light-opaque materials, flexible materials, thin rigid materials, thin metal materials, ceramic materials, glass materials, insulating materials, metal compounds, thin metal alloys, organic materials, inorganic materials, composite materials, epoxy resins, thin glass and a combination of one or more of the above materials.

5. The polarizing substrate according to claim 4, characterized in that The flexible material includes polyethylene naphthalate plastic (PEN), polyvinyl chloride plastic (PVC), polyether wind plastic (PES), polyethylene terephthalate plastic (PET), aromatic polyester plastic (PAR), polystyrene plastic (PS), polycarbonate (PC), polyimide (PI), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyacrylonitrile plastic (PAN), cyclic olefin polymer (COP), cyclic olefin copolymer (COC), polyamide plastic (PA), epoxy resin (ER), thin glass and a combination of one or more of the above.

6. The polarizing substrate according to claim 1, wherein The optical functional film layer further includes surface treatment categories such as anti-glare (AG), anti-glare + low reflection (AG + Low-Reflection, LR), anti-reflection (AR), clear hard coating + low reflection (CHC + LR), clear hardening (CHC), lens forming and a combination of one or more of the above.

7. The polarizing substrate according to claim 1, wherein The optical functional film layer further includes an additional combination of another optoelectronic component film layer, and the optoelectronic component film layer includes a reflective film layer, a brightness enhancement film layer, an anti-reflective film layer, a filter film layer, a phase difference compensation film layer, an alignment film layer, a diffusion film layer, a prism film layer, a focusing film layer, a light-scattering film layer, a shading film layer, a pixel switch film layer and a lens film layer, etc., which are combined with one or more of the above to form a composite optical functional film layer.

8. The polarizing substrate according to claim 7, wherein The photoelectric component film layer further includes a pixel electrode arranged on its surface to adjust the amount of polarized light flux passing through the polarized substrate.

9. The polarizing substrate according to claim 1 or claim 8, wherein: The pixel electrode selection includes metal transparent oxide conductive material, thin metal conductive material, ink conductive material, conductive polymer material, light-transmitting conductive material, light-opaque conductive material, soft conductive material, rigid conductive material, metal complex conductive material, metal compound, thin metal alloy, organic conductive material, inorganic conductive material, composite conductive material and one or more combinations thereof; wherein the pixel electrode shape can be set to be one of square, rectangle, fan-shaped, triangle, trapezoid, circle, rhombus, rectangle, regular polygon, polygon, irregular shape or a combination thereof.

10. The polarizing substrate according to claim 1, wherein The optical functional film layer further includes another optical functional component in combination, which includes: a reflective functional component, a brightening functional component, a diffusion functional component, a light guiding functional component, a reflective functional component, an anti-reflective functional component, a filtering functional component, a phase difference compensation functional component, an alignment functional component, a prism functional component, a focusing functional component, a light-scattering functional component, a shading functional component, a lens functional component and one or more combinations thereof.

11. A display medium module, characterized in that: Include: At least one or more polarizing substrates having a plurality of first pixel electrodes; At least one or more display medium layers, wherein the display medium is formed on the first pixel electrode of the polarizing substrate; as well as At least one or more second pixel electrodes are formed on the display medium layer, wherein the relative position of the display medium is set between the first pixel electrode and the second pixel electrode, wherein the polarizing substrate comprises the polarizing substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. The display medium module according to claim 11, characterized in that: The first pixel electrode and the second pixel electrode are arranged on different surfaces or on the same surface.

13. The display medium module according to claim 11, characterized in that: It further comprises at least one or more optical functional components combined on the polarizing substrate, wherein the optical functional components comprise reflective functional components, brightening functional components, diffusion functional components, light guiding functional components, reflective functional components, anti-reflective functional components, filtering functional elements, phase difference compensation functional components, alignment functional components, prism functional components, light focusing functional components, light astigmatism functional components, shading functional components, lens functional components and a combination of one or more of the above.

14. The display medium module according to claim 13, characterized in that: It further includes setting a light-emitting component in the optical functional component or on any surface, wherein the light-emitting component includes a light-emitting diode, electroluminescence, photoluminescence, a cold cathode fluorescent lamp, an incandescent lamp, a flat fluorescent lamp, a hot cathode lamp, and a combination of one or more of the above.

15. The display medium module according to claim 11, characterized in that: The display medium module further includes at least one or more through holes or grooves disposed therein or on any side thereof.

16. The display medium module according to claim 11, characterized in that: The display medium module further includes a pixel pitch conversion module having a circuit conductor, wherein the pixel pitch conversion module converts the pitch (PP) of two adjacent pixel electrodes to the pitch (P1) of two adjacent circuit conductors, and P1 is smaller than PP as a medium for pixel pitch conversion.

17. The display medium module according to claim 11, characterized in that: The display medium layer includes a self-luminous medium and a non-self-luminous medium. The non-self-luminous medium material includes at least one of electrophoresis, electrofluid, liquid crystal, micro-electromechanical reflection, electrowetting, electronic ink, magnetic fluid, electrochromic, electrophase change, and thermochromic; the self-luminous medium material includes electroluminescent material, photoluminescent material, cathode luminescent material, field emission luminescent material, vacuum fluorescent material, light-emitting diode material, and a combination of one or more of the above.

18. The display medium module according to claim 11, characterized in that: The display medium layer further includes filter material, conductive material, insulating material, light absorbing material, light reflecting material, light refracting material, polarizing material, light diffusing material, light transmitting material and one or more combinations thereof.

19. The display medium module according to claim 11, characterized in that: The shape of the display medium module can be set to be one of square, rectangle, sector, triangle, trapezoid, circle, rhombus, rectangle, regular polygon, polygon, irregular shape or a combination thereof.

20. The display medium module according to claim 11, characterized in that: It further comprises at least one or more detachable display medium modules and an optoelectronic functional substrate; wherein the detachable display medium module comprises an electrical transfer module having at least one or more through-holes, at least one or more conductors disposed in the through-holes, or at least one or more conductors disposed on any side thereof; and the optoelectronic functional substrate is provided with at least one or more through-holes therein, at least one or more conductors are formed in the through-holes, and the two conductors are electrically connected to the pixel electrode of the display medium module and the conductor of the optoelectronic functional substrate by being joined by a fixing method, a detachable method or a combination thereof.

21. A display device, characterized in that: Include: An active switch component includes a transistor substrate portion and at least one or more transistor portions, wherein the transistor portion is formed on the transistor substrate portion; and At least one or more display media modules having pixel electrodes, the display media module comprising any one of claims 11 to 20, wherein the active switch component is electrically connected to the pixel electrode of the display media module to modulate the polarization flux of the display device.

22. The display device according to claim 21, characterized in that The transistor substrate portion is manufactured based on requirements and is selected from silicon wafers, glass, quartz, metals, metal oxides, germanium, selenium, silicon on insulator, gallium, gallium arsenide, gallium nitride, silicon carbide, Group III-V compounds, Group II-VI compounds, Group IV-IV compounds, Group IV-IV alloys, amorphous silicon, organic matter, polymer plastics, inorganic matter, and a combination of one or more of the above.

23. The display device according to claim 21, characterized in that The display device further comprises an electrical functional component and a packaging carrier.

24. The display device according to claim 23, characterized in that The packaging carrier is made of semiconductor material, conductive material, insulating material, organic material, inorganic material, metal material, metal alloy material, ceramic material, composite material, light-transmitting material, light-opaque material, flexible material, rigid material, non-metallic material and a combination of one or more of the above.

25. The display device according to claim 23, characterized in that The packaging carrier further includes structures and materials such as a circuit substrate, a conductive circuit, a conductive connection pad, a conductive connection column, a conductive connection bump, a conductive connection point, an insulating medium, an adhesive medium, a connecting wire, a silicon interlayer, a glass interlayer, a quartz interlayer, a metal oxide interlayer, a silicon-on-insulator interlayer, a gallium arsenide interlayer, a gallium nitride interlayer, silicon carbide, a Group III-V compound interlayer, a Group II-VI compound interlayer, a Group IV compound interlayer, an amorphous silicon interlayer, an organic interlayer, a polymer plastic interlayer, an inorganic interlayer, and a combination of one or more of the above.

26. The display device according to claim 23, characterized in that The electrical functional component and the active switch component are selected on the same transistor substrate or separated on different transistor substrates, and are manufactured through transistor or thin film transistor related manufacturing procedures.

27. The display device according to claim 23, characterized in that The electrical functional components include touch sensing functional components, displacement sensing functional components, temperature and humidity sensing functional components, acoustic wave sensing functional components, electromagnetic wave sensing functional components, image capture functional components, memory functional components, control functional components, wireless communication functional components, self-luminous functional components, passive components, photovoltaic functional components and a combination of one or more of the above.

28. The display device according to claim 27, characterized in that The touch sensing functional component includes a light sensing component, a piezoelectric sensing component, a capacitive sensing component, a resistive sensing component, an inductive sensing component, an electromagnetic sensing component, a charge sensing component, a voltage sensing component, a current sensing component, an acoustic wave sensing component, and a combination of one or more of the above.

29. The display device according to claim 27, characterized in that The wireless communication functional components include RF wireless transmission, Zigbee wireless transmission, infrared, WiFi wireless transmission, Bluetooth communication (Blue-Tooth), wireless personal network (PAN), wireless local area network (LAN), near field communication (NFC), wireless radio frequency identification (RFID), global wireless communication system (GSM), worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX), long term evolution technology (LTE), various generations of wireless communication, various wireless communication methods, etc. and a combination of one or more of the above.

30. A method for manufacturing a polarizing substrate, characterized in that: Include: Forming at least one or more polarizing elements on a film; At least one or more optical functional film layers are disposed on the polarizing element, and the first surface of the optical functional film layer is disposed on the polarizing element; as well as A pixel electrode is formed on the second surface of the optical functional film layer, wherein the pixel electrode is used to adjust the polarization flux passing through the polarization substrate.

31. The method for producing a polarizing substrate according to claim 30, wherein: The polarizing element is manufactured by selecting polyvinyl alcohol iodine polarizing, dye polarizing, polyethylene polarizing, metal grid or a combination of one or more of the above.

32. The method for producing a polarizing substrate according to claim 30, wherein: The optical functional film layer is formed of triacetate cellulose (TAC) material.

33. The method for producing a polarizing substrate according to claim 30, wherein: The optical functional film layer is further made of light-transmitting materials, light-opaque materials, flexible materials, thin rigid materials, thin metal materials, ceramic materials, glass materials, insulating materials, metal compounds, thin metal alloys, organic materials, inorganic materials, composite materials, epoxy resins, thin glass and a combination of one or more of the above materials.

34. The method for producing a polarizing substrate according to claim 33, wherein: The flexible material comprises polyethylene naphthalate plastic (PEN), polyvinyl chloride plastic (PVC), polyether wind plastic (PES), polyethylene terephthalate plastic (PET), aromatic polyester plastic (PAR), polystyrene plastic (PS), polycarbonate (PC), polyimide (PI), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyacrylonitrile plastic (PAN), cycloolefin polymer (COP), cycloolefin copolymer (COC), polyamide plastic (PA), epoxy resin (ER), thin glass and a combination of one or more of the above.

35. The method for producing a polarizing substrate according to claim 30, wherein: The optical functional film layer further includes surface treatment categories such as anti-glare (AG), anti-glare + low reflection (AG + Low-Reflection, LR), clear hard coating + low reflection (CHC + LR), clear hard coating (CHC), anti-reflection (AR), lens forming and a combination of one or more of the above.

36. The method for producing a polarizing substrate according to claim 30, wherein: The optical functional film layer further includes an additional combination of another optoelectronic component film layer, which includes a reflective film layer, a brightness enhancement film layer, an anti-reflective film layer, a filter film layer, a phase difference compensation film layer, an alignment film layer, a diffusion film layer, a prism film layer, a focusing film layer, a light-scattering film layer, a shading film layer, a pixel switch film layer and a lens film layer, etc., which are combined with one or more of the above to form a composite optical functional film layer.

37. The method for producing a polarizing substrate according to claim 36, wherein: The photoelectric component film layer further includes a pixel electrode arranged on the surface of the photoelectric component film layer, which is used to adjust the amount of polarized light flux passing through the polarizing substrate.

38. The method for producing a polarizing substrate according to claim 30 or claim 37, wherein: The pixel electrode selection includes metal transparent oxide conductive material, thin metal conductive material, ink conductive material, conductive polymer material, light-transmitting conductive material, light-opaque conductive material, soft conductive material, rigid conductive material, metal complex conductive material, metal compound, thin metal alloy, organic conductive material, inorganic conductive material, composite conductive material and one or more combinations thereof; wherein the pixel electrode shape can be set to be one of square, rectangle, fan-shaped, triangle, trapezoid, circle, rhombus, rectangle, regular polygon, polygon, irregular shape or a combination thereof.

39. The method for producing a polarizing substrate according to claim 30, wherein: The optical functional film layer further includes another optical functional component in combination, which includes: a reflective functional component, a brightening functional component, a diffusion functional component, a light guiding functional element, a reflective functional component, an anti-reflective functional component, a filtering functional component, a phase difference compensation functional component, an alignment functional component, a prism functional component, a focusing functional component, a light-scattering functional component, a shading functional component, a lens functional component and a combination of one or more of the above.

40. A method for manufacturing a display medium module, characterized in that: Include: Disposing a plurality of first pixel electrodes on at least one or more polarizing substrates; forming at least one or more display medium layers on the first pixel electrode of the polarizing substrate; and At least one or more second pixel electrodes are formed on the display medium layer, wherein the display medium layer is disposed between the first pixel electrode and the second pixel electrode. The polarizing substrate comprises a manufacturing method of a polarizing substrate according to any one of claims 30 to 39.

41. The method for manufacturing a display medium module according to claim 40, wherein: The first pixel electrode and the second pixel electrode are arranged on different surfaces or on the same surface.

42. The method for manufacturing a display medium module according to claim 40, wherein: It further comprises at least one or more optical functional components combined on the polarizing substrate, wherein the optical functional components comprise reflective functional components, brightening functional components, diffusion functional components, light guiding functional components, reflective functional components, anti-reflective functional elements, filtering functional components, phase difference compensation functional components, alignment functional components, prism functional components, focusing functional components, astigmatism functional components, shading functional components, lens functional components and a combination of one or more of the above.

43. The method for manufacturing a display medium module according to claim 42, wherein: It further includes setting a light-emitting component in the optical functional component or on any surface, wherein the light-emitting component includes a light-emitting diode, electroluminescence, photoluminescence, a cold cathode fluorescent lamp, an incandescent lamp, a flat fluorescent lamp, a hot cathode lamp, and a combination of one or more of the above.

44. The method for manufacturing a display medium module according to claim 40, wherein: The display medium module further includes at least one or more through holes or grooves disposed therein or on any side thereof.

45. The method for manufacturing a display medium module according to claim 40, wherein: The display medium module further includes a pixel pitch conversion module having a circuit conductor, wherein the pixel pitch conversion module converts the pitch (PP) of two adjacent pixel electrodes into the pitch (P1) of two adjacent circuit conductors, and P1 is smaller than PP as a medium for pixel pitch conversion.

46. ​​The method for manufacturing a display medium module according to claim 40, wherein: The display medium layer includes a self-luminous medium and a non-self-luminous medium. The non-self-luminous medium material includes at least one of electrophoresis, electrofluid, liquid crystal, micro-electromechanical reflection, electrowetting, electronic ink, magnetic fluid, electrochromic, electrophase change, and thermochromic; the self-luminous medium material includes electroluminescent material, photoluminescent material, cathode luminescent material, field emission luminescent material, vacuum fluorescent material, light-emitting diode material, and a combination of one or more of the above.

47. The method for manufacturing a display medium module according to claim 40, wherein: The display medium layer further includes filter material, conductive material, insulating material, light absorbing material, light reflecting material, light refracting material, polarizing material, light diffusing material, light transmitting material and a combination of one or more of the above.

48. The method for manufacturing a display medium module according to claim 40, wherein: The display medium module may be in the shape of a square, a rectangle, a sector, a triangle, a trapezoid, a circle, a rhombus, a rectangle, a regular polygon, a polygon, an irregular shape or a combination thereof.

49. The method for manufacturing a display medium module according to claim 40, wherein: The display medium module further includes at least one or more detachable display medium modules and an optoelectronic functional substrate; wherein the detachable display medium module includes an electrical switching module having at least one or more through-holes and at least one or more conductors disposed in the through-holes or at least one or more conductors disposed on any side thereof; and an electrical switching module having at least one or more through-holes disposed in the optoelectronic functional substrate and at least one or more conductors formed in the through-holes, wherein the two conductors are joined by a fixing method, a detaching method or a combination thereof, to electrically connect the pixel electrode of the display medium module and the conductor of the optoelectronic functional substrate.

50. A method for manufacturing a display device, characterized in that: Include: forming an active switch element having at least one or more transistor portions on the transistor substrate portion; and At least one or more display medium modules are provided with at least one or more pixel electrodes and a display medium layer, wherein the display medium module comprises a manufacturing method of a display medium module according to any one of claims 40 to 49, and the active switch component is electrically connected to the pixel electrode of the display medium module to modulate the polarization flux of the display device.

51. The method for manufacturing a display device according to claim 50, wherein: The transistor substrate portion is made of silicon wafer, glass, quartz, metal, metal oxide, germanium, selenium, silicon on insulator, gallium, gallium arsenide, gallium nitride, silicon carbide, Group III-V compounds, Group II-VI compounds, Group IV compounds, Group IV alloys, amorphous silicon, organic matter, polymer plastic, inorganic matter and one or more combinations thereof according to requirements.

52. The method for manufacturing a display device according to claim 50, wherein: The display device further includes forming electrical functional components and a packaging carrier, wherein the packaging carrier is made of semiconductor materials, conductive materials, insulating materials, organic materials, inorganic materials, metal materials, metal alloy materials, ceramic materials, composite materials, light-transmitting materials, opaque materials, flexible materials, rigid materials, non-metallic materials and a combination of one or more of the above.

53. The method for manufacturing a display device according to claim 52, wherein: The packaging carrier further includes structures and materials for forming circuit substrates, conductive circuits, conductive connection pads, conductive connection columns, conductive connection bumps, conductive connection points, insulating media, adhesive media, connecting wires, silicon interlayers, glass interlayers, quartz interlayers, metal oxide interlayers, silicon-on-insulator interlayers, gallium arsenide interlayers, gallium nitride interlayers, silicon carbide, Group III-V compound interlayers, Group II-VI compound interlayers, Group IV compound interlayers, amorphous silicon interlayers, organic interlayers, polymer plastic interlayers, inorganic interlayers, and one or more combinations thereof.

54. The method for manufacturing a display device according to claim 52, wherein: The active switch component and the electrical function component can be selected to be on the same transistor substrate or separated on different transistor substrates, and are manufactured through transistor or thin film transistor related manufacturing processes.

55. The method for manufacturing a display device according to claim 52, wherein: The electrical functional component further includes a touch sensing functional component, a displacement sensing functional component, a temperature and humidity sensing functional component, an acoustic wave sensing functional component, an electromagnetic wave sensing functional component, an image capture functional component, a memory functional component, a control functional component, a wireless communication functional component, a self-luminous functional component, a passive component, a photovoltaic functional component, and a combination of one or more of the above.

56. The method for manufacturing a display device according to claim 55, wherein: The touch sensing functional component further includes forming a light sensing component, a piezoelectric sensing component, a capacitive sensing component, a resistive sensing component, an inductive sensing component, an electromagnetic sensing component, a charge sensing component, a voltage sensing component, a current sensing component, an acoustic wave sensing component, and a combination of one or more of the above.

57. The method for manufacturing a display device according to claim 55, wherein: The wireless communication functional components further include RF wireless transmission, Zigbee wireless transmission, Bluetooth communication (Blue-Tooth), infrared, WiFi wireless transmission, wireless personal network (PAN), wireless local area network (LAN), near field communication (NFC), wireless radio frequency identification (RFID), global wireless communication system (GSM), worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX), long term evolution technology (LTE), various generations of wireless communication, various wireless communication methods, etc. and a combination of one or more of the above.

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