Large-capacity battery, energy storage device, glue injection sealing method for large-capacity battery, glue injection mold, and terminal post adapter

Abstract

A large-capacity battery, an energy storage device, a glue injection sealing method for a large-capacity battery, a glue injection mold, and a terminal post adapter. To overcome the problem of it being difficult to assemble shared pipeline assemblies of existing large-capacity batteries, a large-capacity battery comprises a housing (5), a plurality of battery cells (21), and a liquid cooling pipe (514), wherein the plurality of battery cells (21) are arranged in the housing (5) in the same direction; a shared chamber is provided in the housing (5), and an internal cavity of the shared chamber is in communication with internal cavities of all the battery cells (21); terminal post clearance holes (4) are provided in a housing top plate (49) corresponding to terminal posts of the battery cells (21); the terminals post of the battery cells extend out of the terminal post clearance holes (4), and regions of the housing top plate (49) corresponding to the terminal post clearance holes (4) are fixed and sealed with shells of the battery cells (21); and at least a portion of the housing top plate (49) is covered with an insulating sealing glue layer (e). No insertion is required for the shared chamber, resulting in relatively low requirements for processing precision and assembly precision; moreover, no special tooling is required, resulting in a relatively simple assembly process, thereby greatly reducing the processing difficulty and costs of such a large-capacity battery having a shared system, and making mass production achievable.

Description

A large-capacity battery, energy storage device, large-capacity battery glue injection sealing method, glue injection mold and pole adapter Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of batteries, and specifically relates to a large-capacity battery, an energy storage device, a large-capacity battery glue injection and sealing method, a glue injection mold, and a pole adapter. Background Art

[0002] Currently, many batteries on the market are connected in parallel or in series to form large-capacity batteries (also known as battery modules or battery packs).

[0003] Chinese patent CN219144456U discloses a large-capacity battery, the structure of which is shown in Figure 1. It includes a battery pack body formed by several parallel-connected cells and a shared piping assembly located at the bottom of the battery pack body. The shared piping assembly is used to connect the internal cavities of the several cells, so that all cells in the large-capacity battery are exposed to a single electrolyte system. The shared piping assembly can enhance the uniformity of the electrolyte in each cell within the large-capacity battery, thereby improving cycle life. The shared piping assembly can also replenish the electrolyte in the large-capacity battery, extending its service life and improving its safety.

[0004] However, this type of shared pipeline assembly is formed by directly sealing and plugging multiple sections of sub-pipes 01 and intermediate connecting pipes 02 with each other through interference fit; at this time, the multiple sections of sub-pipes 01 are arranged one by one on the lower cover plate 03 of the single cell, and the sub-pipes extend along the arrangement direction of the single cell 21, and are extruded integrally with the lower cover plate 03 of the single cell, and are connected to the opening of the lower cover plate 03 of the single cell.

[0005] During assembly, the two ends of the sub-pipeline 01 are used as connection ends to the middle connecting pipe 02 . When two single cells 21 are connected, one end of the sub-pipeline on the two single cells 21 is squeezed into the two ends of the middle connecting pipe 02 respectively.

[0006] During the plugging process, the shared pipeline assembly requires that each sub-pipeline 01 and the intermediate connecting pipe 02 be coaxial to achieve effective connection. However, due to the following reasons, it is difficult to ensure the coaxiality of each sub-pipeline and the intermediate connecting pipe 02:

[0007] 1) The sub-pipeline and the lower cover are an integrated part. If the position of the sub-pipeline on the lower cover is slightly deviated, or the size of each sub-pipeline is slightly deviated, the coaxiality of each sub-pipeline will deviate when plugged in.

[0008] 2) When welding the above-mentioned integrated part to the cylinder, due to differences in the welding process, there may be inconsistencies in the positions of the sub-pipelines relative to the cylinder, which in turn leads to deviations in the coaxiality of the sub-pipelines when plugged in;

[0009] 3) This solution requires the use of special tooling during connection. Improper use of the tooling or operator errors can lead to deviations in the coaxiality of the sub-pipelines.

[0010] In addition, during plugging, the deviation between the sub-pipelines will increase as the number of plugging increases, resulting in the coaxiality between the sub-pipelines being more difficult to ensure as the number of plugging increases; resulting in the assembly process, the yield rate decreases as the number of plugging increases.

[0011] In summary, since the sub-pipes of two adjacent single batteries are difficult to be coaxial, this solution may cause the sub-pipes to be displaced relative to the lower cover plate, or the lower cover plate to be displaced relative to the cylinder during insertion, thereby damaging the battery.

[0012] Summary of the Invention

[0013] In order to overcome the problem that existing large-capacity battery shared pipeline assemblies are difficult to assemble, the present invention provides the following five specific solutions:

[0014] Option 1:

[0015] The present solution provides a large-capacity battery, comprising an outer shell, a plurality of single cells and a liquid cooling tube; the plurality of single cells are arranged in the same direction in the outer shell; the outer shell is provided with a shared cavity, the inner cavity of the shared cavity is connected to the inner cavities of all the single cells; a pole avoidance hole is provided on the top plate of the outer shell corresponding to the pole of each single cell; the pole of each single cell extends out of the pole avoidance hole, and the area of ​​the outer shell top plate corresponding to the pole avoidance hole is fixedly sealed to the shell of the single cell; a liquid cooling tube clamping portion is provided at the portion where the pole of each single cell extends out of the pole avoidance hole; the liquid cooling tube comprises a liquid cooling tube body and a liquid inlet end and a liquid outlet end of the liquid cooling tube, and the liquid cooling tube body is fixed to the liquid cooling tube clamping portion; an insulating sealant layer is laid on the top plate of the outer shell; the electrical connection portion of each single cell pole extends out of the insulating sealant layer, and the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the liquid cooling tube extend out of the insulating sealant layer.

[0016] This solution places multiple single cells inside a shell with a shared chamber, and uses this shared chamber to connect with the inner cavities of each single cell located in the shell, so that the electrolyte and / or gas of each single cell are shared to ensure the consistency of each single cell. That is, the electrolyte and / or gas of each single cell are connected, so that the electrolyte and / or gas of all single cells are in the same system, which reduces the differences between each single cell and improves the consistency between each single cell to a certain extent, thereby improving the cycle life of the large-capacity battery to a certain extent. This solution does not require plugging in the shared chamber, and there is no need to consider the coaxial plugging problem in the arrangement direction of the single cells. The requirements for processing accuracy and assembly accuracy are relatively low. At the same time, no special tooling is required, and the assembly process is relatively simple, which greatly reduces the processing difficulty and processing cost of such large-capacity batteries with a shared system, and can achieve mass production.

[0017] Furthermore, this solution utilizes a single-stage heat exchange method, connecting the liquid cooling tube to each battery cell's terminal. This method transfers heat from the terminal, where heat is most concentrated, to the outside for dissipation. This heat dissipation method achieves balanced heat dissipation across all cells within the large-capacity battery, improving its safety. Furthermore, to address the issue of condensation forming on the surface of the water cooling tube during extended use due to temperature differences between the inside and outside of the water cooling tube, which can accumulate to a certain level and potentially seep into the gap between the terminal and the terminal avoidance hole, this solution applies an insulating sealant layer to the top plate of the housing (the gap between the terminal and the terminal avoidance hole also has an insulating sealant layer). When condensation forms on the surface of the liquid cooling tube fixed to the terminal, this sealant layer prevents it from seeping into the gap between the terminal and the terminal avoidance hole, thereby preventing short circuits. This solution can also increase the thickness of the insulating sealant layer, completely covering the main body of the liquid cooling tube within the insulating sealant layer, further enhancing condensation prevention. Furthermore, this solution also results in a smoother top surface for the large-capacity battery.

[0018] The liquid cooling tube clamping portion can be a through hole or a through groove provided on the pole of the single battery.

[0019] The above-mentioned large-capacity battery may also include an insulating protective cover, which is used to provide insulation protection for the pole, thereby avoiding the potential safety hazards of the pole being exposed during the operation of the large-capacity battery, and also avoiding the problem of some foreign matter from the external environment falling into the pole position and causing the large-capacity battery to short-circuit, thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity battery. The insulating protective cover can be designed as a split structure, and the insulating frame therein can be used as a glue injection mold. After the glue injection is completed, there is no need to demold, which simplifies the glue injection process and avoids the risk of damage to the glue layer structure during the demolding process. In addition, the use of an insulating sealant layer can also improve the bonding strength between the insulating frame and the top of the large-capacity battery.

[0020] Furthermore, the shared electrolyte chamber is a liquid channel located on the bottom plate of the housing, connecting to the electrolyte area within each cell. By connecting this shared electrolyte chamber with the electrolyte areas within each cell within the housing, the electrolyte is shared across the cells, ensuring consistency across the cells and, to a certain extent, improving the cycle life of high-capacity batteries. Furthermore, the shared electrolyte chamber is formed in one step during the manufacturing of the bottom plate of the housing, making it easy to manufacture and having a simple structure.

[0021] Furthermore, the shared chamber is a gas-sharing chamber, a gas channel located in the top plate of the housing that connects to the internal gas areas of each cell. This gas-sharing chamber connects the internal gas areas of each cell within the housing, ensuring gas balance within each cell, improving consistency between cells and thus, to a certain extent, increasing the cycle life of high-capacity batteries. Furthermore, the gas-sharing chamber is formed in one step during the manufacturing of the housing top plate, making it easy to manufacture and having a simple structure.

[0022] Furthermore, when the sizes of the individual single cells in the group differ greatly in the z direction, a protrusion can be provided on the surface of the outer shell top plate close to the single cell, and a stepped through-hole penetrating the outer shell top plate is provided on the protrusion as a pole avoidance hole. The small hole of the stepped through-hole is close to the single cell, and the hole depth of the small hole is smaller than the hole depth of the large hole, so that the stepped surface is easier to approach the single cell shell, and the stepped surface is sealed by welding the single cell shell.

[0023] Option 2:

[0024] The present solution provides a large-capacity battery, comprising an outer shell, a plurality of single cells and a pole adapter; the plurality of single cells are placed side by side in the outer shell, the bottom plate of the outer shell is provided with an electrolyte sharing chamber, the electrolyte sharing chamber is connected to the electrolyte area of ​​the inner cavity of each single cell; a pole avoidance hole is provided on the top plate of the outer shell corresponding to each single cell pole; each single cell pole is connected to the pole adapter through the pole avoidance hole, and the outer shell area corresponding to the pole avoidance hole is fixedly sealed to the single cell shell; an insulating sealant layer is provided in the gap between the bottom surface of the pole adapter and the top plate of the outer shell, wherein the bottom surface of the pole adapter is the surface of the pole adapter parallel to and close to the top plate of the outer shell.

[0025] This solution places multiple single cells inside a single housing, and uses a shared electrolyte chamber that connects the internal cavities of each single cell within the housing, allowing the electrolyte of each single cell to be shared to ensure consistency. That is, the electrolytes of each single cell are connected so that the electrolytes of all single cells are in the same system, reducing the differences between the single cells and improving the consistency between the single cells to a certain extent, thereby improving the cycle life of the large-capacity battery to a certain extent. This solution does not require plugging in the shared chamber, and there is no need to consider the coaxial plugging issue in the arrangement direction of the single cells. It has low requirements for processing and assembly accuracy. At the same time, it does not require special tooling, and the assembly process is relatively simple, greatly reducing the processing difficulty and processing cost of this type of large-capacity battery with a shared system, and can achieve mass production.

[0026] This solution also injects insulating sealant into the gap between the top plate of the housing and the bottom surface of the pole adapter, forming an insulating sealant layer within the gap. When condensation forms on the surface of the liquid cooling tube attached to the pole adapter, the insulating sealant layer prevents it from penetrating the gap between the pole adapter and the top plate of the housing, thereby preventing the battery from short-circuiting. Furthermore, the insulating sealant formed in the gap between the top plate of the housing and the bottom surface of the pole adapter improves the stability of the pole adapter on the housing, further enhancing the structural stability of high-capacity batteries.

[0027] In order to further improve the insulation sealing performance between the pole adapter and the top plate of the housing, an insulating sealant layer is provided on the top surface and side surface of the pole adapter; wherein the top surface of the pole adapter is the surface of the pole adapter that is parallel to the top plate of the housing and away from the top plate of the housing; the side surface of the pole adapter is the surface of the pole adapter that is perpendicular to both the first surface and the second surface; it can be understood that the entire pole adapter is wrapped with insulating sealant. In this case, an electrical connection component needs to be provided on the pole adapter; the electrical connection component is used to connect with the electrical connection component and prevent the insulating sealant liquid from overflowing from the partial injection area. The partial injection area here is the top surface of the pole adapter in some cases and the partial surface of the electrical connection component in other cases.

[0028] To prevent the insulating sealant from escaping the top plate, the high-capacity battery also includes an annular sealant protrusion located along the edge of the top plate and arranged circumferentially along the top plate. By using a portion of the high-capacity battery housing as a mold for injection, there's no need for demolding after injection, simplifying the injection process and reducing the risk of damage to the adhesive layer during demolding.

[0029] To further enhance the safety of such large-capacity batteries, the battery also includes an insulating shield. This shield provides insulation protection for the terminal adapter, preventing the potential safety hazard of the terminal adapter being exposed during operation when only the insulating sealant layer is provided between the top plate of the housing and the lower end face of the terminal adapter. It also prevents foreign matter from entering the terminal adapter and causing a short circuit in the battery, thereby enhancing the safety of the large-capacity battery.

[0030] This solution can also use the insulating frame of the insulating protective cover as a glue injection mold. After the glue injection is completed, there is no need to demould. At the same time, it can also improve the bonding strength between the insulating frame and the top of the large-capacity battery.

[0031] This solution adds an annular retaining rubber ring on the outer edge of the avoidance hole of the electrical connection column, which cooperates with the annular groove on the pole adapter. When there is a cold solder joint between the electrical connection column of the pole adapter and the pole of each single battery cell, it can prevent the insulating sealant from entering between the electrical connection column and the pole of each single battery cell, affecting the conductive performance of the two.

[0032] Option 3:

[0033] This solution provides a large-capacity battery, including a shell, multiple single cells and a pole adapter; the multiple single cells are placed side by side in the shell, and the bottom plate of the shell is provided with an electrolyte sharing chamber, which is connected to the electrolyte area of ​​the inner cavity of each single cell; a pole avoidance hole is opened on the top plate of the shell corresponding to the single cell pole of each single cell; each single cell pole is connected to the pole adapter through the pole avoidance hole; an annular gap is formed between the pole avoidance hole and each single cell pole, or the pole avoidance hole and the pole adapter, or the pole avoidance hole and the single cell pole and the pole adapter; the above-mentioned annular gap is filled with an insulating sealant layer.

[0034] When each single cell pole extends out of the pole avoidance hole and is connected to the pole adapter, the annular gap here is the annular gap between the pole avoidance hole and the single cell pole; when part of the structure of the pole adapter extends into the pole avoidance hole and is connected to the single cell pole located in the inner cavity of the shell, the annular gap here is the annular gap between the pole avoidance hole and the pole adapter; when part of each single cell pole extends into the pole avoidance hole, part of the structure of the pole adapter extends into the pole avoidance hole and is connected to the single cell pole located in the pole avoidance hole, then the annular gap here is the annular gap formed between the pole avoidance hole, the pole adapter and the single cell pole.

[0035] This solution places multiple single cells inside a single housing, and uses a shared electrolyte chamber that connects the internal cavities of each single cell within the housing, allowing the electrolyte of each single cell to be shared to ensure consistency. That is, the electrolytes of each single cell are connected so that the electrolytes of all single cells are in the same system, reducing the differences between the single cells and improving the consistency between the single cells to a certain extent, thereby improving the cycle life of the large-capacity battery to a certain extent. This solution does not require plugging in the shared chamber, and there is no need to consider the coaxial plugging issue in the arrangement direction of the single cells. It has low requirements for processing and assembly accuracy. At the same time, it does not require special tooling, and the assembly process is relatively simple, greatly reducing the processing difficulty and processing cost of this type of large-capacity battery with a shared system, and can achieve mass production.

[0036] At the same time, this solution achieves sealing of the annular gap between the pole avoidance hole and each cell pole and / or pole adapter by filling it with an insulating sealant layer, thereby improving the sealing performance of the entire large-capacity battery housing. Compared with the solution using two welding steps in the background art, this solution has a simple process and is easy to operate. In addition, even if the tops of the individual cells (i.e., the upper cover) have uneven heights, resulting in gaps between the upper cover and the housing of some individual cells in some large-capacity batteries, the problem of sealing failure will not occur.

[0037] In this solution, an elastic retaining ring is sleeved around each single cell pole; when the outer shell top plate is fixed, the elastic retaining ring seals the gap around the pole avoidance hole and between the outer shell top plate and the upper cover plate of the single cell under the pressure of the outer shell top plate. When the glue is injected into the annular gap, the insulating sealant layer liquid will not penetrate into the electrolyte in the inner cavity of the outer shell due to the obstruction of the elastic retaining ring; in addition, in addition to the glue blocking function, the elastic retaining ring also has a sealing function, and can achieve a better sealing effect in combination with the insulating sealant layer.

[0038] Furthermore, the lower end of the elastic retaining rubber ring is bonded to the upper cover plate of the single cell, which can prevent the elastic retaining rubber ring from shifting during the assembly process and failing to play the role of retaining glue and sealing.

[0039] Furthermore, an annular notch is formed at the upper end of the elastic retaining ring, forming a first mating surface and a second mating surface at the upper end of the elastic retaining ring. The first mating surface is in close contact with the lower surface of the housing top plate, and the second mating surface is in close contact with the wall of the corresponding terminal avoidance hole near the upper cover plate of the single cell. This can further improve the elastic retaining ring's seal and sealing performance.

[0040] In order to improve the bonding strength between the insulating sealant layer and the annular gap, this solution provides a groove on at least one component of the pole avoidance hole and the pole adapter. When glue is injected into the annular gap, the glue penetrates into the groove, forming a stop fitting structure at this location, which can further enhance the bonding strength of the insulating sealant layer in the annular gap, making the entire insulating sealant layer less likely to fall off.

[0041] Option 4:

[0042] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a large-capacity battery comprising a housing and n single cells arranged side by side within the housing; wherein n is an integer greater than 1; the inner cavity of the housing communicates with the inner cavities of all the single cells; a pole avoidance hole is formed on the top plate of the housing corresponding to the polarity terminal of each single cell; each single cell polarity terminal extends out of the corresponding pole avoidance hole, and the area of ​​the top plate of the housing corresponding to the pole avoidance hole is fixedly sealed to the housing of the single cell;

[0043] A first insulating sealant layer is provided in the gap between the polarity terminal of the single cell and the pole avoidance hole, wherein the first insulating sealant layer is an insulating sealant layer with a temperature resistance higher than the temperature of the thermal runaway flue gas.

[0044] This solution places multiple single cells inside a shell with a shared chamber, and uses this shared chamber to connect with the inner cavities of each single cell located in the shell, so that the electrolyte and / or gas of each single cell are shared to ensure the consistency of each single cell. That is, the electrolyte and / or gas of each single cell are connected, so that the electrolyte and / or gas of all single cells are in the same system, which reduces the differences between each single cell and improves the consistency between each single cell to a certain extent, thereby improving the cycle life of the large-capacity battery to a certain extent. This solution does not require plugging in the shared chamber, and there is no need to consider the coaxial plugging problem in the arrangement direction of the single cells. The requirements for processing accuracy and assembly accuracy are relatively low. At the same time, no special tooling is required, and the assembly process is relatively simple, which greatly reduces the processing difficulty and processing cost of such large-capacity batteries with a shared system, and can achieve mass production.

[0045] At the same time, the first insulating sealant layer is in direct contact with the single cell pole, which can protect and fix the single cell pole. Under the protection and fixation of the first insulating sealant layer, when thermal runaway occurs, the single cell pole is not easy to fall off or cracks are not generated between the single cell upper cover, thereby preventing the thermal runaway smoke from leaking from the gap between the single cell polarity terminal and the pole avoidance hole; in addition, the first insulating sealant layer can also seal the gap between the single cell polarity terminal and the pole avoidance hole, further improving the sealing of the pole avoidance hole of the outer shell.

[0046] Furthermore, the large-capacity battery further includes a heat transfer tube; a heat transfer tube clamping portion is provided at the location where the polarity terminals of the single cell extend out of the pole post avoidance hole; and the heat transfer tube is secured within the heat transfer tube clamping portion. By providing the heat transfer tube clamping portion at the location where the polarity terminals extend out of the pole post avoidance hole and securing the heat transfer tube within the heat transfer tube clamping portion, the heat transfer tube is directly connected to the polarity terminals of the large-capacity battery. This allows for the timely removal of heat from the polarity terminals, where heat is most concentrated, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the large-capacity battery. Furthermore, when the temperature of the large-capacity battery falls below a set threshold, a higher-temperature heat transfer medium is introduced into the heat transfer tube to raise the temperature of the large-capacity battery. By controlling the temperature of the heat transfer medium, the large-capacity battery is ensured to always operate at its normal operating temperature.

[0047] Furthermore, the heat transfer tube clamping portion is a through hole or a through groove provided on the polarity terminal of the single battery.

[0048] Furthermore, the heat transfer tube is a liquid cooling tube, which includes a main body and a liquid inlet end and a liquid outlet end of the liquid cooling tube;

[0049] A second insulating sealant layer is applied to the top plate of the outer shell; the electrical connection points of the polarity terminals of each single battery extend out of this second insulating sealant layer. The main body of the liquid cooling tube is located within this second insulating sealant layer, with the liquid inlet and outlet ends of the liquid cooling tube extending out of the second insulating sealant layer. The second insulating sealant layer completely covers the liquid cooling tube, enhancing the safety of this type of large-capacity battery. Furthermore, wrapping the main body of the liquid cooling tube in the second insulating sealant also serves to stabilize or position the liquid cooling tube to a certain extent, improving its stability on the large-capacity battery and enhancing the flatness of the top structure of this type of large-capacity battery.

[0050] Furthermore, the second insulating sealant layer can be cured using a potting compound commonly used for electronic components, such as an epoxy potting compound with a temperature resistance lower than 320°C. This type of epoxy potting compound has a lower cost than an epoxy potting compound with a temperature resistance higher than 320°C.

[0051] Furthermore, the above-mentioned large-capacity battery also includes an insulating protective cover, which is arranged on the top of the large-capacity battery shell, and the polarity terminals of each single battery are located within the insulating protective cover; the length direction of the shell is defined as the x direction, the width direction is defined as the y direction, and the height direction is defined as the z direction; the side wall of the insulating protective cover has a channel for extending the heat transfer pipe; the two side walls of the insulating protective cover parallel to the xz plane are provided with slits, and the electrical connection parts of the polarity terminals of each single battery are connected to the electrical connector through the slits.

[0052] An insulating protective cover is used to provide insulation protection for the polarity terminals, avoiding the potential safety hazards of the polarity terminals being exposed during the operation of large-capacity batteries. It also avoids the problem of some foreign objects from the external environment falling into the polarity terminal position and causing a short circuit in the large-capacity battery, thereby improving the safety of large-capacity batteries.

[0053] Furthermore, the insulating protective cover includes an insulating frame and an insulating cover; the lower end of the insulating frame is fixed to the top of the large-capacity battery; the upper end of the insulating frame is buckled and installed with the insulating cover; a notch is opened at the upper end of the side wall of the insulating frame parallel to the xz plane, and the notch cooperates with the insulating cover to form a slit.

[0054] The insulating shield is designed as a split structure, with the insulating frame serving as the injection mold. This eliminates the need for demolding after injection, simplifying the injection process and preventing damage to the adhesive layer during demolding. Furthermore, a second insulating sealant layer enhances the bond strength between the insulating frame and the top of the high-capacity battery.

[0055] Furthermore, the first insulating sealant layer is an epoxy resin potting layer with a temperature resistance higher than 320°C.

[0056] Furthermore, the above-mentioned large-capacity battery also includes 2n sealing connectors; each sealing connector corresponds to a polarity terminal; the sealing connector is a hollow component, one end of the hollow component is sealed and connected to the area around the corresponding polarity terminal on the single battery shell, and the other end of the hollow component is sealed and connected to the top plate area of ​​the shell corresponding to the corresponding pole avoidance hole; the first insulating sealant layer is located in the gap between the sealing connector and the polarity terminal.

[0057] A second aspect of this solution also provides an energy storage device, comprising a housing, an explosion venting manifold, and a plurality of the aforementioned large-capacity batteries located within the housing. The explosion venting manifolds of each large-capacity battery are connected to the explosion venting manifold, with the outlet of the explosion venting manifold extending out of the housing. If a single cell within any large-capacity battery within the energy storage device experiences thermal runaway, its fumes are discharged solely through the explosion venting manifold, reducing the risk of thermal runaway fumes spreading and potentially rupturing the large-capacity batteries or even the energy storage device.

[0058] Option 5:

[0059] A first aspect of the present invention provides a method for sealing a large-capacity battery by injecting glue. The method is characterized in that the large-capacity battery includes a housing, multiple single cells, and a pole adapter. The multiple single cells are placed in parallel in the housing, and a shared electrolyte chamber is provided on the bottom plate of the housing. The shared electrolyte chamber is connected to the electrolyte area in the inner cavity of each single cell. A pole avoidance hole is provided on the top plate of the housing corresponding to the pole of each single cell. The sealing method includes the following steps:

[0060] Welding initial seal:

[0061] Weld the top plate area of ​​the shell around the pole avoidance hole and the upper cover plate of the single battery to achieve preliminary sealing;

[0062] Secondary sealing by glue injection:

[0063] A glue injection mold is set on the main body of the pole adapter to form a glue injection space between the glue injection mold, the pole adapter, the single cell pole, the single cell upper cover plate in the welding track, and the shell top plate; glue is injected into the glue injection space to achieve secondary sealing;

[0064] Demolding:

[0065] After the glue layer is cured, the glue injection mold is removed.

[0066] This solution places multiple single cells inside a housing with a shared electrolyte chamber. This shared electrolyte chamber is connected to the inner cavities of each single cell within the housing, allowing the electrolyte of each single cell to be shared to ensure consistency. That is, the electrolytes of each single cell are connected so that the electrolytes of all single cells are in the same system, reducing the differences between the single cells and improving the consistency between the single cells to a certain extent, thereby improving the cycle life of the large-capacity battery to a certain extent. This solution does not require plugging in the shared electrolyte chamber, and there is no need to consider the coaxial plugging issue in the arrangement direction of the single cells. The requirements for processing and assembly accuracy are relatively low. At the same time, no special tooling is required, and the assembly process is relatively simple, greatly reducing the processing difficulty and processing cost of such large-capacity batteries with a shared system, and enabling mass production.

[0067] At the same time, this solution uses a welding process to weld the outer shell top plate area around the pole avoidance hole and the upper cover plate of the single cell to achieve preliminary sealing; uses a glue injection process to fill insulating sealant in part of the glue injection space (including the gap between the inner surface of the outer shell top plate within the welding track and the upper cover plate of the single cell, the gap between the pole avoidance hole and the single cell pole or pole adapter located therein, and the gap between the glue injection mold and the electrical connection column of the pole adapter) to achieve secondary sealing; the present invention adopts two sealings to ensure the sealing performance of the pole avoidance hole at the top of the large-capacity battery shell, so that the shell has better sealing reliability.

[0068] Furthermore, by injecting glue into the glue injection space through the glue injection channel provided on the pole adapter, the contact area between the glue injection mold and the insulating sealant can be reduced, thereby reducing the difficulty of demoulding.

[0069] The second aspect of this solution also provides a pole adapter for large-capacity batteries, including a pole adapter body; its special feature is that: at least one glue injection channel is opened on the above-mentioned pole adapter body; the above-mentioned glue injection channel is a through hole that penetrates the pole adapter body and is used to communicate with the glue injection space.

[0070] Furthermore, the pole adapter also includes an electrical connection post fixed on the pole adapter body and protruding from the pole adapter body;

[0071] A blind hole is provided on the main body of the pole adapter, and each electrical connection post is connected to the pole of the single battery through the blind hole.

[0072] Furthermore, a through groove for installing the heat transfer tube is provided on the main body of the pole adapter, and the size of the through groove is adapted to the heat transfer tube.

[0073] The third aspect of this solution also provides a glue injection mold for large-capacity batteries, which is special in that it includes an annular glue baffle plate, the shape of which is adapted to the pole adapter body, and is used to be sleeved on the pole adapter body, and the inner wall of the annular glue baffle plate is in close contact with the outer wall of the pole adapter body.

[0074] Furthermore, the glue injection mold also includes an annular support plate; the annular support plate is arranged on the outer side of the lower end of the annular glue baffle plate and extends circumferentially along the annular glue baffle plate.

[0075] Furthermore, the material of the annular rubber baffle is PP material, which can further reduce the difficulty of demoulding. After demoulding, the injection mold of such material can be reused.

[0076] In order to further reduce the difficulty of demoulding, the above-mentioned annular rubber baffle plate is a split part, including a first semi-annular rubber baffle plate and a second semi-annular rubber baffle plate that are symmetrical to each other.

[0077] Furthermore, a first plate and a second plate are respectively provided at both ends of the first semi-annular rubber baffle plate; a third plate and a fourth plate are respectively provided at both ends of the second semi-annular rubber baffle plate;

[0078] The first plate and the third plate cooperate with each other, and the second plate and the fourth plate cooperate with each other, so that the first semi-annular rubber baffle plate and the second semi-annular rubber baffle plate are buckled together to form the annular rubber baffle plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0079] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in the background art;

[0080] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a large-capacity battery in Example 1;

[0081] FIG3 is a partial exploded view of the large-capacity battery in Example 1;

[0082] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of the top plate of the housing in Example 1;

[0083] FIG5 is a cross-sectional view of the top plate of the housing in Example 1;

[0084] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in Example 1;

[0085] FIG7 is a partial exploded view of the large-capacity battery in Example 1;

[0086] FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in Example 2;

[0087] FIG9 is a partial exploded view of a large-capacity battery in Example 2;

[0088] FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in the related art;

[0089] FIG11 is a cross-sectional view of a large-capacity battery in the related art;

[0090] FIG12 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery according to Example 3;

[0091] FIG13 is a schematic structural diagram of the pole adapter in Example 3 and Example 18;

[0092] FIG14 is a cross-sectional view of a large-capacity battery according to Example 3;

[0093] FIG15 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery according to Example 4;

[0094] FIG16 is a schematic structural diagram of the pole adapter in Example 4 and Example 13;

[0095] FIG17 is a cross-sectional view of a large-capacity battery according to Example 5;

[0096] FIG18 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery according to Example 6;

[0097] FIG19 is a partial exploded view of a large-capacity battery according to Example 6;

[0098] FIG20 is a schematic structural diagram of the insulating frame in Example 7;

[0099] FIG21 is a schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of a large-capacity battery in Example 7;

[0100] FIG22 is a cross-sectional view of a large-capacity battery in Example 7;

[0101] FIG23 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in Example 7;

[0102] FIG24 is a schematic structural diagram of the insulating frame in Example 8;

[0103] FIG25 is a schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of a large-capacity battery in Example 8;

[0104] FIG26 is a partial cross-sectional view of a large-capacity battery in Example 8;

[0105] FIG27 is a schematic structural diagram of a pole adapter with electrical connection components in Example 9;

[0106] FIG28 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery without an insulating protective cover in Example 9;

[0107] FIG29 is a schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of a large-capacity battery with an insulating protective cover in Example 9;

[0108] FIG30 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrical connection component in Example 10;

[0109] FIG31 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrical connection component and the pole adapter in Example 10;

[0110] FIG32 is a cross-sectional view of a large-capacity battery in Example 10;

[0111] FIG33 is a schematic structural diagram of a pole adapter in Example 11;

[0112] FIG34 is a cross-sectional view of a large-capacity battery in Example 11;

[0113] FIG35 is a partial cross-sectional view of a large-capacity battery in Example 11;

[0114] FIG36 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrical connection component in Example 12;

[0115] FIG37 is a cross-sectional view of a large-capacity battery in Example 12;

[0116] FIG38 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of another large-capacity battery in the related art;

[0117] FIG39 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery according to Example 13;

[0118] FIG40 is a schematic structural diagram of the top plate of the housing in Example 13;

[0119] FIG41 is a cross-sectional view of a large-capacity battery according to an embodiment;

[0120] FIG42 is a cross-sectional view of a large-capacity battery in Example 14;

[0121] FIG43 is a cross-sectional view of another large-capacity battery in Example 14;

[0122] FIG44 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic retaining rubber ring in Example 15;

[0123] FIG45 is a cross-sectional view of a large-capacity battery according to Example 15;

[0124] FIG46 is a schematic structural diagram of the top plate of the housing of Example 16;

[0125] FIG47 is a partial cross-sectional view of a large-capacity battery according to Example 16;

[0126] FIG48 is a cross-sectional view of a large-capacity battery according to Example 16;

[0127] FIG49 is a schematic structural diagram of a pole adapter in Example 17;

[0128] FIG50 is a cross-sectional view of a large-capacity battery according to Example 17;

[0129] FIG51 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of a large-capacity battery according to Example 17;

[0130] FIG52 is an exploded view of a large-capacity battery in the related art;

[0131] FIG53 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in Example 19;

[0132] FIG54 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the large-capacity battery in Example 19 (a schematic diagram of the structure with the right end plate in FIG53 removed);

[0133] FIG55 is a partial cross-sectional view of a large-capacity battery in Example 19;

[0134] Figure 56 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in Example 20;

[0135] FIG57 is a partial cross-sectional view of a large-capacity battery in Example 20;

[0136] FIG58 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in Example 21;

[0137] FIG59 is a schematic structural diagram of another large-capacity battery in Example 21;

[0138] Figure 60 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in Example 22;

[0139] FIG61 is a schematic diagram of a partial explosion of a large-capacity battery in Example 22;

[0140] Figure 62 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the energy storage device in Example 23;

[0141] Figure 63 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large-capacity battery in Example 24;

[0142] FIG64 is a cross-sectional view of a large-capacity battery in Example 24;

[0143] FIG65 is a schematic structural diagram of a pole adapter in Example 24;

[0144] Figure 66 is a schematic structural diagram of the injection mold in Example 24;

[0145] FIG67 is a schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of a large-capacity battery when performing preliminary welding sealing in Example 24;

[0146] FIG68 is a schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of a large-capacity battery corresponding to the welding of the pole adapter in Example 24;

[0147] FIG69 is a schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of a large-capacity battery corresponding to the secondary sealing by glue injection in Example 24;

[0148] FIG70 is a cross-sectional view of a large-capacity battery when performing secondary sealing by glue injection in Example 24;

[0149] FIG71 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of a large-capacity battery corresponding to the secondary sealing by glue injection in Example 24;

[0150] Figure 72 is a schematic structural diagram of the glue injection mold in Example 25;

[0151] FIG73 is a schematic structural diagram of the first semi-annular rubber baffle in Example 25;

[0152] Figure 74 is a structural schematic diagram of a large-capacity battery provided with a glue injection mold in Example 25.

[0153] The reference numerals in the figure are: 01, sub-pipeline; 02, intermediate connecting pipe; 03, lower cover of single cell; 04, pole avoidance hole; 5, shell; 49, top plate of shell; 513, sealing connector; 514, liquid cooling pipe; 131, first surface of sealing connector; 21, single cell; 211, first end face; 212, side face; 213, second end face; 08, single cell pole; 53, pole adapter; 25, electrical connection pole; 11, clamping part; 533, outer side face of pole adapter; 34, electrical connection component; 341, vertical plate; 342, horizontal plate; 343, first electrical connection plate; 344, second electrical connection plate; 345, Third connecting plate; 346, liquid cooling pipe avoidance channel; 35, pole adapter bottom surface; 36, pole adapter top surface; 37, pole adapter side surface; 51, electrolyte shared chamber; 96, annular rubber stop protrusion; 713, shell side plate; 98, cylinder top; 52, gas chamber; 10, insulation protective cover; 9101, second side wall; 102, slit; 9103, first side wall; 104, insulation frame; 1041, long frame; 1042, first surface; 1043, rubber stop plate; 1044, reinforcement rib; 105, insulation cover; 106, stop plate; 107, second insulation frame; 108, insulation bottom plate; 1081, Connecting column avoidance hole; 1082, partition; 109, pole adapter accommodating chamber; 110, annular retaining rubber ring; 111, annular groove; 9112, first partition; 9113, second partition; 9114, third partition; 9115, fourth partition; 38, L-shaped electrical connection plate; 39, vertical connection plate; 40, horizontal connection plate; 541, first pressure plate; 542, second pressure plate; 121, first annular groove; 22, pole adapter body; 754, second annular groove; 77, annular gap; 78, insulating sealant layer; 79, elastic retaining rubber ring; 791, first mating surface; 792, second mating surface; 1012, outer Shell bottom plate; 94, gas sharing chamber; 951, step surface; 61, liquid inlet; 62, liquid outlet; 88, through hole; 99, electrical connector; 122, single cell housing; 50, support member; 80, first insulating sealant layer; 3, heat transfer tube; 91, first tube; 92, second tube; 93, connecting tube; 26, through groove; 90, second insulating sealant layer; 140, first electrical connector; 150, second electrical connector; 17, explosion venting tube; 18, explosion venting manifold; 182, outlet end of explosion venting manifold; a, first gap; b, second gap; c, third gap; d, fourth gap; e, insulating sealant layer; f, hollow area;

[0154] 42. Single cell upper cover plate; 43. Blind hole; 44. Glue injection channel; 45. Glue injection mold; 46. Annular glue baffle plate; 47. Annular support plate; 48. First semi-annular glue baffle plate; 41. Second semi-annular glue baffle plate; 411. First plate; 412. Second plate; 413. Third plate; 414. Fourth plate; 415. First semi-annular support plate; 416. Second semi-annular support plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0155] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention is given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0156] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0157] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "top," "bottom," and so on, indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and so on, are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0158] Embodiments 1 and 2 are large-capacity batteries, as shown in FIG2 and FIG3 , including a housing 5 and a plurality of single cells 21 ; the multiple single cells 21 are arranged in the same direction and placed in the housing 5 ; the housing 5 is provided with a shared cavity, the inner cavity of the shared cavity being in communication with the inner cavities of all the single cells 21 ;

[0159] It should be noted that the above-mentioned shared chamber can be an electrolyte shared chamber 51 (as shown in FIG2 ). The electrolyte shared chamber 51 can be used to place each single cell 21 in a unified electrolyte environment, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the electrolyte in each single cell 21 and improving the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery. The above-mentioned shared chamber can also be a gas shared chamber 94 (as shown in FIG2 ). The gas shared chamber 94 can be used to achieve gas balance in each single cell 21 and also improve the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery. The above-mentioned shared chamber can also be a gas-liquid shared chamber. A gas-liquid shared chamber can be used to place each single cell 21 in a unified electrolyte environment and gas environment, thereby improving the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery.

[0160] In order to improve the heat dissipation performance of such large-capacity batteries, pole avoidance holes 04 are opened on the outer shell top plate 49 corresponding to the poles of each single battery 21; each single battery pole 08 extends out of the corresponding pole avoidance hole 04, and the area of ​​the outer shell top plate 49 corresponding to the pole avoidance hole 04 is fixedly sealed with the shell of the single battery 21, so that the gap between the pole and the pole avoidance hole 04 is sealed.

[0161] A clamping portion for the liquid cooling tube 514 is located where each battery cell pole 08 extends out of the pole avoidance hole 04. The main body of the liquid cooling tube 514 is secured to the clamping portion, achieving heat dissipation through a primary heat exchange process. However, over extended use, the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the liquid cooling tube 514 can cause condensation to form on its surface. When a sufficient amount of condensation accumulates, it can seep into the gap between the pole and the pole avoidance hole 04, causing electrical conduction between the pole and the housing 5, potentially leading to a short circuit within the battery cell 21.

[0162] Examples 1 and 2 overcome the aforementioned issues by optimizing the top structure of the large-capacity battery and applying an insulating sealant layer 78 to the top plate 49 of the housing. The electrical connection points of each cell pole 08 extend out of the insulating sealant layer 78 for connection to an electrical connector 99. The liquid inlet 61 and outlet 62 of the liquid cooling tube 514 extend out of the insulating sealant layer 78 for connection to liquid cooling equipment. The electrical connector 99 serves as a connector for connecting two large-capacity batteries in series; it can also be used to connect the large-capacity battery to an external load.

[0163] The following further describes Examples 1 and 2 with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0164] Example 1

[0165] 2 and 3 , the large-capacity battery of this embodiment includes a housing 5 and 10 single cells 21 arranged in parallel within the housing 5 .

[0166] The single cells 21 in this embodiment are commercially available square-shell batteries, and the number is 10. In other embodiments, the number can be adjusted according to actual needs. The inner cavity of each single cell 21 includes an electrolyte area and a gas area.

[0167] For ease of description, the length of the housing 5 is defined as the x-direction, the width of the housing 5 is defined as the y-direction, and the height of the housing 5 is defined as the z-direction. An electrolyte shared chamber 51 is provided along the x-direction on the housing bottom plate 1012. The interior of the electrolyte shared chamber 51 communicates with the electrolyte area within each cell 21. A gas shared chamber 94 is provided along the x-direction on the housing top plate 49. The interior of the gas shared chamber 94 communicates with the gas area within each cell 21.

[0168] In some other embodiments, only an electrolyte sharing chamber 51 or a gas sharing chamber 94 may be provided, or a gas-liquid sharing chamber may be provided on the side wall of the shell 5 along the x direction, and the inner cavity of the gas-liquid sharing chamber is connected to the electrolyte area and gas area of ​​the inner cavity of each single battery 21.

[0169] As shown in FIG4 , the housing top plate 49 is provided with a pole avoidance hole 04 that allows each single battery pole 08 to extend out; each single battery pole 08 extends out of the corresponding pole avoidance hole 04 and the housing 5 area around the pole avoidance hole 04 is fixedly sealed to the housing of the single battery 21 .

[0170] When the sizes of the battery cells 21 in the group are relatively consistent in the z direction, the area of ​​the housing top plate 49 corresponding to the pole avoidance hole 04 can be directly welded to the upper cover plate area around the battery pole 08 to achieve sealing.

[0171] When the z-direction dimensions of the grouped battery cells 21 vary significantly, the terminal avoidance hole 04 can be constructed as a stepped hole structure as shown in Figure 5 , sealed by welding the stepped surface 951 to the battery cell 21 housing. To facilitate sealing, a protrusion is provided on the top plate of the housing near the battery cell, and a stepped through-hole is formed on the protrusion, penetrating the top plate and serving as the terminal avoidance hole 04. The small hole of the stepped through-hole is located near the battery cell, and its depth is less than that of the large hole, making it easier for the stepped surface 951 to contact the battery cell 21 housing.

[0172] In conjunction with Figure 3, it can be seen that in this embodiment, a through hole 88 is provided at the position where the single cell pole 08 extends out of the pole avoidance hole 04, which serves as a clamping portion for the liquid cooling tube 514; as can be seen from Figure 3, the pole in this embodiment is a cylinder, including a first end face 211, a second end face and a side face 212 (the first end face 211 and the second end face are parallel to each other), and the through hole 88 is provided on the side face 212 of the pole, that is, the opening of the through hole 88 is located on the side face 212.

[0173] In some other embodiments, a through slot may be provided on the side surface 212 , that is, the opening of the through slot is located on the side surface 212 ;

[0174] In some other embodiments, a through groove may be provided on the first end surface 211 , that is, the opening of the through groove is located on the first end surface 211 ;

[0175] The first end surface 211 is used to connect to the external electrical connector 99 , and the second end surface is used to electrically connect to the electrode assembly in the shell of the single battery 21 .

[0176] Providing a through-groove or through-hole 88 on the side surface 212 increases the contact area between the liquid cooling tube 514 and the inner wall of the groove or through-hole 88 compared to providing a through-groove on the first end surface 211, resulting in higher heat exchange efficiency. Furthermore, when the through-groove or through-hole 88 is located on the side surface 212, the entire area of ​​the first end surface 211 can serve as an electrical connection area. It is also possible to simultaneously provide two through-grooves or through-holes 88 on the side surface 212 of the pole to increase the number of liquid cooling tubes 514 that can be placed, further improving heat exchange efficiency. Compared to a through-hole 88 structure, a through-groove makes the liquid cooling tube 514 easier to install.

[0177] The cross-section of the through groove is C-shaped, and the opening width of the C-shaped through groove is smaller than the widest part of the through groove. This design is conducive to the interference fit of the liquid cooling tube 514 in the through groove. The arc formed at both ends of the C-shaped through groove has natural tension, which is conducive to the tight fit of the liquid cooling tube 514 in the through groove.

[0178] The liquid cooling tube 514 is fixed in the through groove or through hole 88. When the temperature of the large-capacity battery is higher than the set threshold, the large-capacity battery is cooled by passing a heat transfer medium with a lower temperature into the liquid cooling tube 514. When the temperature of the large-capacity battery is lower than the set threshold, the large-capacity battery is heated by passing a heat transfer medium with a higher temperature into the liquid cooling tube 514. By controlling the temperature of the heat transfer medium, it can be ensured that the large-capacity battery always operates at a normal operating temperature.

[0179] As shown in FIG2 , the liquid cooling pipe 514 of this embodiment may be a U-shaped pipe section, and two parallel pipe sections of the U-shaped pipe section are respectively clamped in the liquid cooling pipe 514 clamping parts of the positive pole and the negative pole of each single cell 21 in the large-capacity battery.

[0180] In some other embodiments, two liquid cooling tubes 514 may be used, and the two liquid cooling tubes 514 are respectively clamped in the liquid cooling tube 514 clamping parts of the positive electrode column and the negative electrode column of each single battery 21 in the large-capacity battery.

[0181] In order to prevent condensation generated by the liquid cooling tube 514 from causing safety problems, as shown in Figure 6, in this embodiment, an insulating sealant layer 78 is laid on the top plate 49 of the outer shell. It can be seen from the figure that part of the area of ​​each single cell pole 08 is covered by the insulating sealant layer 78, and the electrical connection part (i.e., the first end face 211) of each single cell pole 08 extends out of the insulating sealant layer 78 and is connected to the electrical connector 99; the main part of the liquid cooling tube 514 is covered by the insulating sealant layer 78, and the liquid inlet end 61 and the liquid outlet end 62 of the liquid cooling tube 514 extend out of the insulating sealant layer 78 for connection to the liquid cooling equipment.

[0182] In some other embodiments, the size of the insulating sealant layer 78 in the z direction can be smaller, lower than the main part of the liquid cooling tube 514, or cover a partial area of ​​the main part of the liquid cooling tube 514; as long as condensation cannot enter the gap between the pole and the pole avoidance hole 04.

[0183] The insulating sealant used in this embodiment is generally a battery potting glue commonly used in batteries, such as a silicone thermal conductive potting glue, which has good sealing, insulation, vibration resistance, heat dissipation and waterproofing functions.

[0184] In order to prevent the insulating sealant from overflowing, in the present embodiment, during the glue injection process, a glue injection mold can be further provided around the periphery of the housing top plate 49 to ensure that the insulating sealant can be injected smoothly. After the glue injection is completed, the mold can be removed.

[0185] Example 2

[0186] In the above embodiment, the poles are directly exposed to the external environment, posing a significant safety hazard during use due to the electrification of the poles. Based on this, as shown in FIG8 , this embodiment, based on the above embodiment, provides an insulating protective cover 10 on top of the large-capacity battery to provide insulation protection for the poles, thereby avoiding the potential safety hazard of the exposed poles during operation of the large-capacity battery and preventing foreign matter from falling into the pole position, causing a short circuit in the large-capacity battery, thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity battery.

[0187] It should be noted that if the insulating protective cover 10 completely wraps the pole, it will make the electrical connection of such large-capacity batteries more difficult. Therefore, in this embodiment, a slit is opened on the side wall of the insulating protective cover 10 parallel to the xz plane, through which the electrical connector 99 can be connected to the pole, thereby achieving electrical connection.

[0188] It should also be noted that a channel for the liquid inlet end 61 and the liquid outlet end 62 of the liquid cooling tube 514 to extend out needs to be provided on the side wall of the insulating protective cover 10 .

[0189] In order to facilitate the electrical connection process, the present embodiment designs the insulating protective cover 10 as a split structure, as shown in FIG9 , including an insulating frame 104 and an insulating cover 105 covering the insulating frame 104; the lower end of the insulating frame 104 is used to cooperate with the top of the large-capacity battery, and is fixed to the top of the large-capacity battery by screw connection or bonding, and the upper end of the insulating frame 104 is buckled and installed with the insulating cover 105, and a notch is opened at the upper end of the side wall of the insulating frame 104 parallel to the xz plane, and the notch cooperates with the insulating cover 105 to form the above-mentioned slit.

[0190] During assembly, the insulating frame 104 can be fixed on the top of the large-capacity battery first, and then the electrical connector 99 can be connected to the pole through the slit. After glue injection, the insulating cover 105 can be fixed on the upper end of the insulating frame 104.

[0191] In addition, in Example 1, during the injection process, in order to prevent the insulating sealant liquid from overflowing, an injection mold is required. However, after the injection, demolding is required, and the process is relatively complicated. In addition, during the demolding process, the structure of the insulating sealant layer 78 may be damaged, resulting in reduced sealing reliability.

[0192] In this embodiment, the insulating frame 104 of the insulating protective cover 10 can be used as a glue injection mold. After the glue injection is completed, there is no need to demould. At the same time, the bonding strength between the insulating frame 104 and the top of the large-capacity battery can be improved.

[0193] Embodiments 3 to 12 disclose a large-capacity battery that is different from the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0194] In order to solve the problems described in the background technology, the related technology proposes a large-capacity battery similar to Example 1 and Example 2, as shown in Figures 10 and 11, the large-capacity battery includes a shell 5 and a plurality of single cells 21; the plurality of single cells 21 are placed in parallel in the shell 5, and a pole avoidance hole 04 is opened on the top plate of the shell 5 corresponding to the pole of each single cell 21.

[0195] Different from Examples 1 and 2, this technology further includes a pole adapter 53 , and each pole of each single battery 21 is connected to the pole adapter 53 through a pole avoidance hole 04 , and the area of ​​the housing 5 corresponding to the pole avoidance hole 04 is fixedly sealed to the shell of the single battery 21 .

[0196] As shown in Figure 11, a sealing connector 513 can usually be added between the pole avoidance hole 04 and the upper cover of the single cell 21 to achieve sealing. The sealing connector 513 includes a hollow member, the bottom of which is used to seal with the first area of ​​the single cell 21, and the top of which is sealed with the second area of ​​the outer shell 5. The first area is the area surrounding any pole in the upper cover of any single cell 21; the second area is the area corresponding to any pole avoidance hole 04 on the outer shell 5. The area corresponding to the pole avoidance hole 04 is the area surrounding any pole avoidance hole 04 on the outer surface of the outer shell 5; or the area corresponding to the pole avoidance hole 04 is the wall of the pole avoidance hole 04. The area surrounding the pole is the area surrounding the insulating gasket on the pole. The insulating gasket is a part on the single cell 21 used to insulate the pole from the upper cover. When the sizes of the battery cells 21 in the group are relatively consistent in the z direction, the area of ​​the housing 5 corresponding to the pole avoidance hole 04 can be directly welded to the upper cover area around the pole of the battery cell 21 to achieve sealing.

[0197] The bottom plate of the outer shell 5 is provided with an electrolyte sharing chamber 51, which is connected to the electrolyte area of ​​the inner cavity of each single cell 21. Through the electrolyte sharing chamber 51, each single cell 21 can be placed in a unified electrolyte environment, ensuring the uniformity of the electrolyte in each single cell 21 and improving the performance and cycle life of the large-capacity battery.

[0198] The top plate of the housing 5 may also be provided with a gas chamber 52, which communicates with the gas area within each cell 21, achieving gas balance within each cell 21 and further improving the performance and cycle life of the high-capacity battery. The gas chamber 52 also serves as an explosion vent. If a cell 21 experiences thermal runaway, the fumes from that cell 21 enter the gas chamber 52, penetrate the explosion venting mechanisms at either end of the gas chamber 52, and are discharged.

[0199] The above-mentioned large-capacity batteries will release heat during use. If the heat is not dissipated in time, the battery life will be greatly shortened, energy loss will be aggravated, and even safety hazards such as spontaneous combustion and fire will occur. Therefore, in order to improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the above-mentioned large-capacity batteries, a liquid cooling tube can be fixed to the pole adapter 53 to achieve heat dissipation.

[0200] However, during long-term use, due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the liquid cooling tube, condensation will be generated on the surface. When the condensation accumulates to a certain amount, it will penetrate into the gap between the pole adapter 53 and the top plate of the outer shell 5. When a sealing connector 513 is provided, it may also penetrate into the space between the sealing connector 513 and the pole or the pole adapter 53, causing the pole adapter 53 to be electrically conductive with the outer shell 5, which may cause a short circuit in the same single cell 21.

[0201] Based on this, Examples 3 to 12 disclose a large-capacity battery, which can not only overcome the problem that the existing large-capacity battery shared pipeline components are difficult to assemble, but also overcome the problem that condensation water enters the large-capacity battery and causes short circuit and burning of the internal circuit of the battery.

[0202] The following is a detailed description with reference to FIG. 12 to FIG. 37 .

[0203] The electrical connectors described in Examples 3 to 12 are connecting devices for connecting two large-capacity batteries in series; they may also be connecting devices for connecting the large-capacity battery to an external load.

[0204] Example 3

[0205] The structure of the high-capacity battery of this embodiment is shown in Figures 12 to 14 . The high-capacity battery includes a housing 5, multiple single cells 21, and two terminal adapters 53. Multiple single cells 21 are placed in parallel within the housing 5; a shared electrolyte chamber 51 is provided on the bottom plate of the housing 5, communicating with the electrolyte areas within each single cell 21.

[0206] Referring to Figure 14 , a terminal avoidance hole 04 is formed on the housing top plate 49, corresponding to each individual battery terminal 08. Each individual battery terminal 08 is connected to the terminal adapter 53 through the terminal avoidance hole 04. A sealing connector 513 is added at the terminal avoidance hole 04 to achieve a fixed seal between the housing 5 area corresponding to the terminal avoidance hole 04 and the housing of the individual battery 21. The structure and installation position of the sealing connector 513 are the same as those of the large-capacity battery described in the related art.

[0207] As shown in FIG13 , the pole adapter 53 of this embodiment is a slender member. Two slender members are respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes of all the single batteries 21 to serve as the positive and negative electrodes of the large-capacity battery.

[0208] The slender member is provided with a plurality of electrical connection posts 25; these are protrusions extending from the slender member. Each electrical connection post 25 is used to connect to the positive or negative electrode post of all the cells 21 in the large-capacity battery. Blind holes may also be provided in the slender member, corresponding to and extending to each of the electrical connection posts 25. Each blind hole houses a conductive post, with the outer wall of the post in close contact with the inner wall of the blind hole, enhancing the electrical conductivity of the post adapter 53.

[0209] In this embodiment, a clamping portion 11 is provided on the slender member for mounting a liquid cooling tube 514. After the large-capacity battery is assembled, the liquid cooling tube 514 is installed in the clamping portion 11 of the pole adapter 53. Heat concentrated on the pole is transferred from the pole adapter 53 to the liquid cooling tube 514, which then dissipates the heat. Similarly, if the ambient temperature is too low and the individual batteries 21 may not start properly, the external temperature control device can also use the liquid cooling tube 514 to increase the temperature of each individual battery 21.

[0210] In order to prevent condensation generated by the liquid cooling tube 514 from penetrating into the first gap between the bottom surface 35 of the pole adapter and the top plate 49 of the shell, or the bottom surface 35 of the pole adapter and the first surface 131 of the sealing connector, area a shown in Figures 12 and 14, or penetrating into the second gap between the electrical connection column 25 of the pole adapter 53 or the single cell pole 08 and the sealing connector 513, area b shown in Figure 14, this embodiment fills the area a with insulating sealant. Specifically, the glue injection process can be used to directly inject glue into the area a. During the glue injection process, under the action of gravity, the insulating sealant liquid will inevitably flow into the area b. That is, in this embodiment, both areas a and b are filled with insulating sealant. To reduce the amount of insulating sealant used and prevent the electrical connection failure caused by the insulating sealant entering the joint between the electrical connection post 25 and the single cell terminal 08 due to a cold solder joint, if conditions permit, the sealant can be injected only in area a. For example, an insulating partition can be added at the intersection of area a and area b to prevent the insulating sealant from entering area b during the glue injection process in area a. Of course, solid insulating material can also be filled in area b, and then glue can be injected into area a to prevent the insulating sealant from flowing into area b.

[0211] In order to prevent the insulating sealant from overflowing, during the glue injection process, this embodiment can also add glue injection molds on the housing top plate 49 and on both sides of the pole adapter 53 to ensure that the insulating sealant can be smoothly injected into area a. After the glue injection is completed, the mold can be removed.

[0212] The insulating sealant used in this embodiment is generally a battery potting glue commonly used in batteries, such as a silicone thermal conductive potting glue, which has good sealing, insulation, vibration resistance, heat dissipation and waterproofing functions.

[0213] Example 4

[0214] Different from the third embodiment, as shown in FIG15 , this embodiment includes a plurality of pole adapters 53 , each pole adapter 53 is a rectangular block, and one pole adapter 53 is connected to the positive and negative poles of each single battery 21 .

[0215] As shown in Figure 16 , this embodiment includes an electrical connection post 25 on the rectangular block. The electrical connection post 25 is a protrusion protruding from the rectangular block. The electrical connection post 25 of the pole adapter 53 extends into the pole avoidance hole 04 and connects to the single cell pole 08 located within the inner cavity of the housing 5 .

[0216] The injection position of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 3 and will not be repeated here.

[0217] Example 5

[0218] Different from the above embodiment, in this embodiment, no injection mold is required during the injection process. Part of the structure of the large-capacity battery housing 5 is used as the injection mold to ensure that the insulating sealant can be smoothly injected into area a.

[0219] The specific structure is shown in Figure 17. In Figure 17, the shell top plate 49 and the shell side plate 713 (including two side plates parallel to the yz plane and two side plates parallel to the xz plane) are split structures. The shell 5 area corresponding to the pole avoidance hole 04 is welded to the upper cover plate area around the single battery pole 08 to achieve sealing.

[0220] As can be seen from FIG. 17 , an annular glue-blocking protrusion 96 is provided along the circumference of the housing top plate 49 . The protrusion serves as a glue injection mold to prevent the insulating sealant from overflowing from the housing top plate 49 during the glue injection process.

[0221] The annular glue-blocking protrusion 96 can be integrally provided with the outer shell top plate 49, and can also be integrally provided with the cylinder. The cylinder described here is a cylinder with open top and bottom ends, that is, a cylinder formed by two side plates parallel to the yz plane and two side plates parallel to the xz plane; as shown in Figure 17, in this embodiment, the large-capacity battery outer shell top plate 49 is fixed to the inner wall of the cylinder and has a certain distance from the top end 98 of the cylinder, that is, a glue injection space is formed between the outer shell top plate 49 and the cylinder side wall extending from the outer shell top plate 49, and glue is directly injected into the glue injection space, and the insulating sealant liquid is filled in area a, as shown in Figure 17 e, which is an insulating sealant layer; at the same time, the cylinder side wall extending from the cylinder top plate serves as a glue injection mold, and the insulating sealant liquid will not overflow.

[0222] It should be noted that if the top plate 49 of the shell is not provided with a gas chamber 52, the top plate 49 of the shell can be provided with openings corresponding to the explosion vents of each single cell 21, and the area around the openings is sealed with the upper cover plate of the single cell 21. When injecting glue, a glue blocking structure can be added above the explosion vents of each single cell 21 to prevent the insulating sealant from covering the explosion vents and causing safety accidents. After the glue injection is completed, the glue blocking structure can be removed. If the top plate 49 of the shell is not provided with a gas chamber 52, the top plate 49 of the shell can also not be provided with openings corresponding to the explosion vents of each single cell 21, and one end of the electrolyte shared chamber can be directly used as the explosion vent for explosion venting.

[0223] When the housing top plate 49 is provided with a gas chamber 52 , the gas chamber 52 can serve as a glue blocking structure, as shown in FIG. 17 .

[0224] Example 6

[0225] In the above embodiment, the pole adapter 53 is directly exposed to the external environment, posing a significant safety hazard during use due to the electrical charge on the pole adapter 53. Therefore, as shown in FIG18 , this embodiment, in addition to the above embodiment, provides an insulating protective cover 10 on top of the large-capacity battery to provide insulation protection for the pole adapter 53. This avoids the potential safety hazard of the pole adapter 53 being exposed during operation, and also prevents foreign matter from falling into the pole adapter 53, causing a short circuit in the large-capacity battery. This improves the safety of the large-capacity battery.

[0226] It should be noted that if the insulating protective cover 10 completely wraps the pole adapter 53, it will make the electrical connection of such large-capacity batteries more difficult. Therefore, in this embodiment, a slit 102 is opened on the side wall (defined as the second side wall 9101) parallel to the xz plane of the insulating protective cover 10. Through the slit 102, the electrical connector can be connected to the pole adapter 53, thereby achieving electrical connection.

[0227] It should also be noted that a channel (not shown in the figure) for the liquid cooling tube 514 to extend needs to be opened on the side wall (defined as the first side wall 9103) of the insulating protective cover 10 parallel to the yz plane.

[0228] In order to facilitate the electrical connection process, the present embodiment designs the insulating protective cover 10 as a split structure, as shown in FIG19 , including an insulating frame 104 and an insulating cover 105 covering the insulating frame 104; the lower end of the insulating frame 104 is used to cooperate with the top of the large-capacity battery, and is fixed to the top of the large-capacity battery by screw connection or bonding, and the upper end of the insulating frame 104 is buckled and installed with the insulating cover 105, and a notch is opened at the upper end of the side wall of the insulating frame 104 parallel to the xz plane, and the notch cooperates with the insulating cover 105 to form the above-mentioned slit 102.

[0229] During assembly, the insulating frame 104 can be fixed on the top of the large-capacity battery first, and then the electrical connector and the pole adapter 53 can be connected through the slit 102. After glue injection, the insulating cover 105 can be fixed on the upper end of the insulating frame 104.

[0230] Example 7

[0231] In the above-mentioned embodiments 3 and 4, in order to prevent the insulating sealant liquid from overflowing during the injection process, an injection mold is required. However, after the injection, demolding is required, and the process is relatively complicated. In addition, during the demolding process, the structure of the insulating sealant filled in area a may be destroyed, resulting in a reduction in the sealing reliability.

[0232] Based on this, the inventors consider that the insulating frame 104 of the insulating protective cover 10 in Example 6 can be used as a glue injection mold, and there is no need to demold after the glue injection is completed. At the same time, the bonding strength between the insulating frame 104 and the top of the large-capacity battery can be improved.

[0233] Therefore, this embodiment optimizes the structure of the insulating frame 104 so that it can serve as an insulating protective shell and also as a glue injection mold, as shown in Figures 20 and 21.

[0234] In this embodiment, the insulating frame 104 includes a first insulating frame. Rubber shields 1043 are provided on the first surfaces 1042 (surfaces parallel to the xy plane) of the two long sides 1041 of the first insulating frame. The rubber shields 1043 extend along the x-direction and, in the y-direction, have a third gap (shown in region c in FIG. 21 ) between them and the outer side surface 533 of the pole adapter. To enhance the strength of the rubber shields 1043, reinforcing ribs 1044 may be provided.

[0235] It should be noted that the area f shown in FIG. 20 is a hollow area. After assembly, the pole adapter 53 is located in this area, as shown in FIG. 21 and FIG. 22 .

[0236] It should also be noted that the rubber baffle 1043 should form a slit 102 with the insulating cover 105 to connect the power connector to the pole adapter 53, as shown in Figures 22 and 23. When the upper end of the rubber baffle 1043 is higher than the top surface 36 of the pole adapter, a bent electrical connector can be used to connect to the pole adapter. When the upper end of the rubber baffle 1043 is lower than the top surface 36 of the pole adapter, a flat electrical connector can be used to connect. However, it should be noted that the height of the glue injection needs to be lower than the top surface 36 of the pole adapter and the upper end surface of the rubber baffle 1043.

[0237] It should also be noted that if the top plate 49 of the outer shell is not provided with a gas chamber 52, a glue blocking structure can be added above the explosion vent of each single cell 21 to prevent the insulating sealant from covering the explosion vent and causing a safety accident. After the glue injection is completed, the glue blocking structure can be removed. In addition, when the top plate 49 of the outer shell is provided with a gas chamber 52, the gas chamber 52 can serve as a glue blocking structure. Of course, for the regularity of the structure, as shown in Figure 22, baffles 106 parallel to the xz plane can be provided on both sides of the gas chamber 52, with their tops flush with the insulating cover plate 105, or they can be provided integrally with the insulating cover plate 105.

[0238] After fixing the insulating frame 104 on the top of the large-capacity battery, glue is injected into the third gap between the insulating frame 104 and the pole adapter 53. The insulating sealant fills the third gap (area c), area a and area b between the insulating frame 104 and the pole adapter 53.

[0239] Example 8

[0240] Different from the seventh embodiment, the insulating frame 104 of this embodiment has the following structure:

[0241] In this embodiment, the insulating frame 104 includes a second insulating frame 107 and an insulating base plate 108 fixed on the second insulating frame 107 away from the insulating cover plate. Electrical connection column avoidance holes 1081 corresponding to each pole adapter 53 are opened on the insulating base plate 108. The size of the electrical connection column avoidance holes 1081 should be able to allow the electrical connection column 25 on the pole adapter 53 to pass through, but the main part of the pole adapter 53 cannot pass through.

[0242] As shown in Figures 24, 25, and 26, for the pole adapter 53 described in Example 4, partitions 1082 may be further provided around each electrical connection post avoidance hole 1081 to form each pole adapter accommodating cavity 109. After the insulating frame 104 is secured to the top of the large-capacity battery, the electrical connection post 25 of each pole adapter 53 passes through the electrical connection post avoidance hole 1081 and the pole post avoidance hole 04 on the housing top plate 49 to connect with the respective single cell pole 08. A fourth gap, shown as area d in Figure 25, is defined between the sidewall of the pole adapter accommodating cavity 109 parallel to the xz plane and the side surface of the pole adapter 53 parallel to the xz plane. Glue is injected into the glue injection space through this fourth gap to achieve insulation and sealing of areas a and b.

[0243] For the pole adapter 53 described in Example 5, there is no need to set the partition 1082. The accommodating cavity of the pole adapter 53 is a rectangular cavity, and the space between the pole adapter 53 and the pole adapter accommodating cavity 109 forms a glue injection space.

[0244] When the diameter of the electrical connection post avoidance hole 1081 is larger than the outer diameter of the electrical connection post 25 of the pole adapter 53, the insulating sealant will enter area b from the gap between the two. If there is a cold weld between the electrical connection post 25 of the pole adapter 53 and each single cell pole 08, when the insulating sealant enters area b, the insulating sealant will penetrate into the cold weld area, which may affect the electrical conductivity of the pole adapter 53 and each single cell pole 08. In order to avoid such problems and reduce the amount of glue used, an annular retaining ring 110 can be added to the outer edge of the electrical connection post avoidance hole 1081 to prevent the insulating sealant from flowing into area b, as shown in Figures 24 and 26. It should be noted that the outer edge of the electrical connection post avoidance hole 1081 here can be the hole wall of the electrical connection post avoidance hole 1081, or it can be the bottom plate area of ​​the glue injection space around the electrical connection post avoidance hole 1081. As can be seen from the figure, the annular retaining ring 110 protrudes perpendicularly from the bottom plate of the pole adapter accommodating cavity 109 toward the insulating cover 105. At the same time, in order to cooperate with the annular retaining ring 110, an annular groove 111 is formed on the bottom surface 35 of the pole adapter, and the annular retaining ring 110 can be directly inserted into the annular groove 111.

[0245] Example 9

[0246] In order to further improve the insulation and sealing performance of the top of the large-capacity battery, this embodiment considers pouring insulation sealant on the entire pole adapter 53 of the large-capacity battery.

[0247] The following two issues need to be considered:

[0248] 1. Electrical connection problem of the pole adapter 53;

[0249] 2. Glue overflow problem on the surface of the pole adapter 53 during the glue injection process:

[0250] Regarding problem 1, it can be overcome by:

[0251] By optimizing the structure of the pole adapter 53, an electrical connection component 34 is added to the pole adapter 53, and it is ensured that no glue is injected on the electrical connection component 34 for connection with the electrical connector;

[0252] Regarding problem 2, it can be overcome by:

[0253] A rubber blocking structure is added to the pole adapter 53 ; the rubber blocking structure may be a part of the electrical connection component 34 .

[0254] Based on the above analysis, this embodiment makes the following improvements to the pole adapter 53:

[0255] Taking the pole adapter 53 of Example 4 as an example, its structure is shown in Figure 27. The electrical connector 34 is an integral structure with the pole adapter 53. The electrical connector 34 is an inverted L-shaped plate. In the x-direction, the electrical connector and the pole adapter have equal dimensions. The vertical plate 341 of the inverted L-shaped plate is fixed to the top surface 36 of the pole adapter, while the horizontal plate 342 is parallel to the xy plane and is used to connect to the electrical connector.

[0256] As shown in FIG28 , glue can be directly injected into the pole adapter so that the insulating sealant completely encapsulates the entire pole adapter. Specifically, a layer of insulating sealant having a thickness greater than the thickness (z-direction dimension) of the pole adapter is laid on the housing top plate 49 so that the insulating sealant completely covers the pole adapter. Alternatively, it can be understood that, in addition to providing an insulating sealant layer in the first gap (region a) between the pole adapter bottom surface 35 and the housing top plate 49, an insulating sealant layer is also provided on the pole adapter top surface 36 and each of the pole adapter side surfaces 37. The first surface is the surface of the pole adapter that is parallel to and adjacent to the housing top plate 49, the second surface is the surface of the pole adapter that is parallel to and distal to the housing top plate 49, and the side surfaces are the surfaces of the pole adapter that are perpendicular to both the first and second surfaces.

[0257] It should be noted that during the glue injection process, it is necessary to ensure that the transverse plate 342 of the electrical connection component 34 extends out of the insulating sealant layer, that is, there is no insulating sealant on the transverse plate 342 .

[0258] It should also be noted that if the top plate 49 of the shell is not provided with a gas chamber 52, the top plate 49 of the shell can be provided with openings corresponding to the explosion vents of each single cell 21, and the peripheral area of ​​the opening is sealed with the upper cover plate of the single cell 21. When injecting glue, a glue blocking structure can be added above the explosion vent of each single cell 21 to prevent the insulating sealant from covering the explosion vent and causing a safety accident. After the injection is completed, the glue blocking structure can be removed. In addition, when the top plate 49 of the shell is provided with a gas chamber 52, the gas chamber 52 can serve as a glue blocking structure. During the injection process, under the obstruction of the vertical plate 341 of the electrical connection component 34 and the gas chamber, the insulating sealant will not overflow from the edge of the pole adapter 53 parallel to the x-direction; however, it may overflow from the edge parallel to the y-direction. Therefore, it is also necessary to add a glue injection mold to prevent the insulating sealant from overflowing from the edge parallel to the y-direction. After the injection is completed, the glue injection mold can be removed.

[0259] When fixing the insulating protective cover on the top of the large-capacity battery, taking the insulating frame 104 in Example 8 as an example, as shown in Figure 29, it can be seen from the figure that the height of the four outermost partitions on the insulating bottom plate (which can be defined as the first partition 9112, the second partition 9113, the third partition 9114 and the fourth partition 9115 respectively) is slightly higher than the height of the pole adapter. When the above-mentioned pole adapter 53 is fixed in the pole adapter accommodating cavity 109, the horizontal plate 342 of the electrical connection component 34 is located at the notch of the insulating frame 104, so that the electrical connection can better achieve electrical connection.

[0260] In this embodiment, insulating sealant is injected into the top surface 36 of the pole adapter and the injection space. Under the obstruction of the vertical plate 341 of the electrical connection component 34 and the outermost partition, the insulating sealant liquid will not overflow from the second surface of the pole adapter 53. At the same time, the transverse plate 342 is used as the electrical connection part. Because the transverse plate 342 is higher than the top surface 36 of the pole adapter in the z direction, the insulating sealant liquid will not appear on the transverse plate 342, and will not affect the conductivity of the pole adapter 53.

[0261] Example 10

[0262] Unlike the ninth embodiment, the electrical connection component 34 and the pole adapter 53 of this embodiment are separate components. In the x-direction, the dimensions of the electrical connection component and the pole adapter are equal. The structure is shown in Figures 30 and 31:

[0263] The electrical connection component 34 of this embodiment includes a first electrical connection plate 343, a second electrical connection plate 344, and a third electrical connection plate 345. The third electrical connection plate 345 is located between the first and second electrical connection plates 343, 344. The first electrical connection plate 343 is fixed to the top surface 36 of the pole adapter. A liquid cooling tube avoidance channel 346 is defined on the surface where the first electrical connection plate 343 and the pole adapter 53 mate. When the two are fixed, the first electrical connection plate 343 also serves to compress the liquid cooling tube 514. The second electrical connection plate 344 is located in the notch of the insulating frame 104 and is used to connect to the electrical connector.

[0264] As shown in Figure 32, taking the insulating protective cover as an example, specifically taking the insulating frame 104 in Example 7 as an example, when the pole adapter 53 with the above-mentioned electrical connection component 34 is fixed on the pole of each single cell, the second electrical connection plate 344 of the electrical connection component 34 is located at the slit 102, so that the electrical connection component can better achieve electrical connection.

[0265] In this embodiment, insulating sealant is poured onto the pole adapter to which the electrical connection component is fixed. Under the obstruction of the third connecting plate 345 of the electrical connection component 34 and the side wall of the insulating frame 104 parallel to the yz plane, the insulating sealant liquid will not overflow from the surface of the first electrical connection plate 343; under the obstruction of the rubber blocking plate 1043, the insulating sealant liquid will not overflow from the top plate 49 of the shell; at the same time, the second electrical connection plate 344 is used as the electrical connection part. Because the second electrical connection plate 344 is higher than the top surface 36 of the pole adapter in the z direction, the insulating sealant liquid will not appear on the second electrical connection plate 344, and will not affect the conductivity of the pole adapter 53.

[0266] Example 11

[0267] Different from Example 9, this embodiment is provided with a first pressure-bearing plate 541 on the pole adapter 53; in the x-direction, the size of the first pressure-bearing plate is equal to the size of the pole adapter;

[0268] At the same time, the structure of the insulating frame 104 is also improved, and a second pressure-bearing plate 542 adapted to the first pressure-bearing plate 541 is added.

[0269] The specific structure is shown in Figures 33 to 35. It can be seen from Figure 33 that in this embodiment, a first pressure plate 541 perpendicular to the horizontal plate 342 of the electrical connection component 34 of the pole adapter 53 of Example 9 is provided. It can be seen from Figures 34 and 35 that a second pressure plate 542 coplanar with the side wall of the second insulating frame 107 parallel to the xz plane is provided. The second pressure plate 542 and the second insulating frame 107 can be provided as a whole. When the assembly is completed, the first pressure plate 541 and the second pressure plate 542 are close to each other, thereby improving the structural stability of such large-capacity batteries.

[0270] Example 12

[0271] Different from the embodiment 10, the structure of the electrical connection component 34 of this embodiment is shown in FIG36 :

[0272] Based on the electrical connection component 34 of Example 10, an L-shaped electrical connection plate 38 is additionally provided. In the x-direction, the dimensions of the L-shaped electrical connection plate are equal to those of the pole adapter. The vertical connection plate 39 of the L-shaped electrical connection plate 38 is connected to the second electrical connection plate 344 of the electrical connection component, while the horizontal connection plate 40 is used to connect to the electrical connector.

[0273] As shown in Figure 37, taking the insulating protective cover as an example, specifically taking the insulating frame 104 in Example 7 as an example, when the pole adapter 53 fixed with the electrical connection component 34 of this embodiment is fixed on each single cell pole, the horizontal connecting plate 40 of the electrical connection component 34 is located at the slit 102; compared with Example 10, it has a larger electrical connection space, and electrical connection can be better achieved based on the electrical connection component.

[0274] Embodiments 13 to 18 provide a large-capacity battery different from the above embodiments.

[0275] In order to solve the problems described in the background art, the related art proposes a large-capacity battery, as shown in Figures 10, 11 and 38. The large-capacity battery includes a housing 5 and a plurality of single cells 21. The plurality of single cells 21 are placed in parallel in the housing 5.

[0276] The bottom plate of the outer shell 5 is provided with an electrolyte sharing chamber 51, which is connected to the electrolyte area of ​​the inner cavity of each single cell 21. Through the electrolyte sharing chamber 51, each single cell 21 can be placed in a unified electrolyte environment, ensuring the uniformity of the electrolyte in each single cell 21 and improving the performance and cycle life of the large-capacity battery.

[0277] The housing top plate 49 may also be provided with a gas chamber 52, which communicates with the gas area within each cell 21, achieving gas balance within each cell 21 and further improving the performance and cycle life of the high-capacity battery. The gas chamber 52 also serves as an explosion vent. If a cell 21 experiences thermal runaway, the fumes from that cell 21 enter the gas chamber 52, penetrate the explosion venting mechanisms at either end of the gas chamber 52, and are discharged.

[0278] The housing top plate 49 is provided with a pole avoidance hole 04 corresponding to each single battery pole 08 ; the single battery pole of each single battery 21 is connected to the pole adapter 53 through the pole avoidance hole 04 .

[0279] It should be noted that each single battery pole 08 can be connected to the pole adapter 53 through the pole avoidance hole 04 in the following manner:

[0280] Method 1: As shown in Figure 10, each single battery pole 08 extends out of the pole avoidance hole 04 and is connected to the pole adapter 53; in Figure 38, each single battery 21 single battery pole needs to extend out of the corresponding pole avoidance hole 04, and then all positive and negative poles are respectively connected to the two slender pole adapters 53 shown in Figure 38; the slender pole adapter 53 serves as the positive or negative pole of this type of large-capacity battery.

[0281] Method 2: As shown in Figures 11 and 38, a portion of each pole adapter extends into the pole avoidance hole 04 and connects with the cell pole 08. In Figure 38, the pole adapter 53 is a rectangular block. Each positive pole and negative pole of each cell 21 corresponds to a pole adapter 53. Each pole adapter 53 includes a pole adapter body 22 and an electrical connection post 25 fixed to and protruding from the pole adapter body 22. The electrical connection post 25 of each pole adapter 53 extends into the pole avoidance hole 04 and connects with the cell pole 08 of the corresponding cell 21. It should be noted that the cell pole 08 of the cell 21 can extend into the pole avoidance hole 04 or be located in the inner cavity of the housing and not extend into the pole avoidance hole 04.

[0282] As can be seen from FIG38 , there is an annular gap between the pole avoidance hole 04 and the pole adapter and the single cell pole. In order to ensure that the shared chamber is completely isolated from the external environment, the sealing of the shell 5 is particularly important.

[0283] Therefore, it is necessary to seal the annular gap corresponding to each pole avoidance hole 04 on the housing 5 to ensure the sealing at this position. Generally, the housing 5 and the upper cover of the single battery 21 can be welded by laser welding in the surrounding area corresponding to each pole avoidance hole 04 to achieve sealing.

[0284] However, when mass-producing large-capacity batteries, due to the existence of processing errors and assembly errors, if it is necessary to ensure that the bottoms of each single cell 21 are at the same horizontal plane, the tops (i.e., the upper cover) of each single cell 21 will have uneven heights, resulting in gaps between the upper cover and the outer shell 5 of individual single cells 21 in some large-capacity batteries. As a result, there may be cold welds between the outer shell 5 and the upper cover during laser welding, or even problems with welding being impossible, which affects the yield of large-capacity batteries.

[0285] To overcome the above-mentioned problem, a sealing member 513 can be added between the pole avoidance hole 04 and the upper cover of the single cell 21, as shown in Figure 38, to achieve sealing. The sealing member 513 comprises a hollow member, the bottom of which is sealedly connected to a first area of ​​the single cell 21, and the top of which is sealedly connected to a second area of ​​the outer shell 5. The first area is the area surrounding any pole in the upper cover of any single cell 21; the second area is the area corresponding to any pole avoidance hole 04 on the outer shell 5. The area corresponding to the pole avoidance hole 04 is the area surrounding any pole avoidance hole 04 on the outer surface of the outer shell 5; or the area corresponding to the pole avoidance hole 04 is the wall of the pole avoidance hole 04. The area surrounding the pole is the area surrounding the insulating gasket on the pole. The insulating gasket is a component on the single cell 21 that insulates the pole from the upper cover.

[0286] The above solution can well solve the sealing problem of such large-capacity battery casing 5, but two sealings are required, usually by welding, that is, the bottom and top of the hollow component need to be welded to the upper cover plate of the single cell 21 and the casing 5 respectively, making the processing process more complicated.

[0287] In order to overcome the above problems, Examples 13 to 18 provide a large-capacity battery, which uses different methods to seal the gap between the pole avoidance hole and the single cell pole.

[0288] Example 13

[0289] The structure of the large-capacity battery of this embodiment is shown in Figures 39 to 41. The large-capacity battery includes a housing 5, 10 single cells 21, and 20 pole adapters 53. In some other embodiments, the number of single cells 21 and pole adapters 53 can be adjusted according to actual needs. The 10 single cells 21 are placed in parallel in the housing 5; the bottom plate of the housing 5 is provided with an electrolyte sharing chamber 51, which is connected to the electrolyte area of ​​the inner cavity of each single cell 21. The top plate 49 of the housing is also provided with a gas chamber 52, which can be connected to the gas area of ​​the inner cavity of each single cell 21; the gas chamber 52 can also serve as an explosion relief channel. When any single cell 21 experiences thermal runaway, the thermal runaway smoke in the inner cavity of the single cell 21 enters the gas chamber 52, breaks through the explosion relief mechanism set at either end of the gas chamber 52, and is discharged.

[0290] In some other embodiments, the housing top plate 49 may not be provided with a gas chamber.

[0291] 40 , in this embodiment, a pole avoidance hole 04 is provided on the top plate 49 of the housing corresponding to each single battery pole 08 .

[0292] 16 , the pole adapter 53 of this embodiment includes a pole adapter body 22 and an electrical connection post 25 provided on the pole adapter body 22 ; the pole adapter body 22 is a rectangular block, and the electrical connection post 25 is a protrusion protruding from the pole adapter body 22 .

[0293] Combining Figures 39 and 41 , it can be seen that in this embodiment, a pole adapter 53 is connected to the positive and negative poles of each single cell 21. The electrical connection post 25 of the pole adapter 53 extends into the pole avoidance hole 04 and connects with the single cell pole 08 located within the inner cavity of the housing 5 (or the electrical connection post 25 of the pole adapter 53 extends into the pole avoidance hole 04 and connects with the single cell pole 08 extending into the pole avoidance hole 04). As can be seen in Figure 41 , after the pole adapter 53 is connected to the single cell pole 08, an annular gap 77 is formed between the electrical connection post 25 of the pole adapter 53 and the pole avoidance hole 04. To seal this annular gap 77, in this embodiment, an insulating sealant layer 78 is filled in this area. In order to clearly illustrate the insulating sealant layer 78 , the annular gap 77 corresponding to the left pole adapter 53 in FIG. 41 is not filled with the insulating sealant layer 78 , while the annular gap 77 corresponding to the right pole adapter 53 is filled with the insulating sealant layer 78 .

[0294] In other embodiments, the cell poles 08 of each cell 21 may extend through the pole avoidance holes 04 in the housing 5 and connect to the pole adapter 53. In this case, the pole adapter 53 may be one having or without the electrical connection posts 25. An insulating sealant layer 78 may be injected into the annular gap 77 between each cell pole 08 and the pole avoidance hole 04 to seal the annular gap 77.

[0295] The insulating sealant layer 78 used in this embodiment is generally a battery potting glue commonly used in batteries, such as a silicone thermal conductive potting glue, which has good sealing, insulation, vibration resistance, heat dissipation and waterproofing functions.

[0296] This embodiment fills the annular gap 77 with an insulating sealant layer 78, which simplifies the process and operation compared to the two-step welding process in the related art. Furthermore, even if the tops of the individual cells 21 (i.e., the upper cover) are uneven, resulting in gaps between the upper cover and the outer casing 5 of individual cells 21 in some large-capacity batteries, sealing problems will not occur.

[0297] Example 14

[0298] When the inner surface of the outer shell top plate 49 and the upper cover plate of the single cell 21 are in close contact, the liquid in the insulating sealant layer 78 may not penetrate into the electrolyte in the inner cavity of the outer shell 5, as shown in FIG41 . However, when there is a large gap between the inner surface of the outer shell top plate 49 and the upper cover plate of the single cell 21, as shown in FIG42 , in the process of injecting the insulating sealant layer 78 into the annular gap 77, under the action of gravity, the liquid in the insulating sealant layer 78 will inevitably flow from the annular gap 77, the inner surface of the outer shell top plate 49 and the gap between the upper cover plate of the single cell 21 into the electrolyte in the inner cavity of the outer shell 5. When the liquid in the insulating sealant layer 78 contains substances that can react with the electrolyte, it may affect the battery performance.

[0299] To overcome this problem, as shown in Figure 43, this embodiment employs an elastic retaining ring 79 around each cell terminal 08. The lower end of the elastic retaining ring 79 abuts against the upper cover of the cell 21, while the upper end of the elastic retaining ring 79 abuts against the inner surface of the housing top plate 49. In addition to its role as a retaining ring, the elastic retaining ring 79 also provides a seal, working in conjunction with the insulating sealant layer 78 to achieve a better sealing effect.

[0300] The elastic retaining rubber ring 79 can be made of plastic material, has a certain degree of elasticity and does not react with the electrolyte. The elastic retaining rubber ring 79 does not need to be connected to the upper cover of the corresponding single cell 21. It only needs to be placed in the corresponding position and the elastic retaining rubber ring 79 can be pressed against the upper cover of the corresponding single cell 21 using the housing top plate 49. To prevent the elastic retaining rubber ring 79 from falling off or shifting during installation, the lower end of the elastic retaining rubber ring 79 can be bonded to the upper cover of the corresponding single cell 21. Alternatively, an annular groove for fixing the elastic retaining rubber ring 79 can be pre-formed on the upper cover of the single cell 21, and the elastic retaining rubber ring 79 can be fixed in the annular groove.

[0301] For a large-capacity battery having a separate structure of the housing top plate 49 and the housing side plates 713 (including the side plates parallel to the xz plane and the yz plane), the following assembly method can be used:

[0302] After each single battery cell 21 is loaded into the barrel body (only the top end is open) formed by the bottom plate of the outer shell 5 and the outer shell side plates 713, the elastic retaining ring 79 corresponding to each single battery cell pole 08 is placed on the upper cover plate around the single battery cell pole 08. Then, the outer shell top plate 49 is fixed to the open end of the barrel body. The elastic retaining ring 79 is used to press the elastic retaining ring 79 against the upper cover plate of each single battery cell 21 to achieve the first seal. Then, each pole adapter 53 is fixedly connected to the corresponding single battery cell pole 08. Finally, an insulating sealant layer 78 is injected into the annular gap 77 between the lower surface of the pole adapter body 22 and the upper surface of the outer shell top plate 49 to achieve the second seal. Under the obstruction of the elastic retaining ring 79, the insulating sealant layer 78 liquid will not penetrate into the electrolyte in the inner cavity of the outer shell 5.

[0303] For a large-capacity battery having an integral structure of the housing top plate 49 and the housing side plates 713 (including the side plates parallel to the xz plane), the following assembly method can be used:

[0304] The elastic retaining ring 79 corresponding to each single cell pole 08 is fixed on the upper cover plate around the single cell pole 08, and then the single cell 21 with the elastic retaining ring 79 is installed into the cylinder (the two ports parallel to the yz plane are open ends) surrounded by the bottom plate of the shell 5, the top plate 49 of the shell and the side plate 713 of the shell (including the side plates parallel to the xz plane). The height of the elastic retaining ring 79 is slightly higher than the height of the corresponding single cell pole 08, and the elastic retaining ring 79 has a certain elasticity. When each single cell 21 is installed into the cylinder, each elastic retaining ring 79 is tightly pressed between the top plate 49 of the shell and the upper cover plate of the corresponding single cell 21 to achieve the first seal; then each pole adapter 53 is fixedly connected to the corresponding single cell pole 08, and finally, an insulating sealant layer 78 is injected into the annular gap 77 from the gap between the lower surface of the pole adapter body 22 and the upper surface of the shell top plate 49 to achieve the second seal. Under the obstruction of the elastic retaining ring 79 , the liquid of the insulating sealing rubber layer 78 will not penetrate into the electrolyte in the inner cavity of the shell 5 .

[0305] It should be noted that, for large-capacity batteries in which the outer shell top plate 49 and the outer shell side plates 713 (including the side plates parallel to the xz plane) are an integrated structure, in order to avoid the elastic retaining ring 79 from falling off from the upper cover of the single battery 21 when the single battery 21 with the elastic retaining ring 79 is installed into the cylinder, it is preferred to adopt a solution of fixing the elastic retaining ring 79 on the upper cover of each single battery. Specifically, this can be achieved by gluing or opening an elastic retaining ring 79 installation groove on the upper cover of each single battery 21.

[0306] Example 15

[0307] Different from the embodiment 14, the present embodiment optimizes the structure of the elastic retaining rubber ring 79 in the embodiment 14. Through the optimization, the retaining and sealing performance of the elastic retaining rubber ring 79 can be further improved.

[0308] The specific structure is shown in Figures 44 and 45. In this embodiment, an annular notch is provided at the upper end of the elastic retaining ring 79 of Example 14, so that the upper end of the elastic retaining ring 79 forms a first mating surface 791 and a second mating surface 792. When the elastic retaining ring 79 is pressed tightly between the outer shell top plate 49 and the upper cover plate of each single cell 21, the first mating surface 791 is in close contact with the lower surface of the outer shell top plate 49, and the second mating surface 792 is in close contact with the hole wall at one end of the corresponding pole avoidance hole 04 close to the upper cover plate of the single cell 21. When glue is injected into the annular gap 77, it is difficult for the insulating sealant layer 78 liquid to penetrate into the gap between the elastic retaining ring 79 and the outer shell top plate 49, which can further improve the sealing and glue blocking performance of this part.

[0309] Example 16

[0310] Different from the above embodiment, this embodiment optimizes the structure of the pole avoidance hole 04 of the above embodiment, which can improve the pressure resistance of the insulating sealant layer 78, and avoid the problem that when the internal pressure of the large-capacity battery increases, the insulating sealant layer 78 is filled and released, resulting in damage to the sealing performance of the large-capacity battery.

[0311] As can be seen from Figures 46, 47 and 48, in this embodiment, a first annular groove 121 is opened on the hole wall of the pole avoidance hole 04 along the circumference of the pole avoidance hole 04. When glue is injected into the annular gap 77, the glue penetrates into the first annular groove 121, forming a stop fitting structure at this position. The insulating sealant layer 78 that penetrates into the first annular groove 121 acts as a convex stop after solidification, and the first annular groove 121 acts as a concave stop. The two cooperate with each other so that the entire insulating sealant layer 78 is not easy to fall off.

[0312] In some other embodiments, a plurality of first annular grooves 121 may be provided on the wall of the pole avoidance hole 04 to further enhance the bonding strength of the insulating sealant layer 78 within the pole avoidance hole 04 .

[0313] Example 17

[0314] Different from the above-mentioned embodiment, as shown in Figures 49, 50 and 51, this embodiment provides a second annular groove 754 along the circumference of the electrical connection column 25 on the pole adapter 53 of the above-mentioned embodiment. When glue is injected into the annular gap 77, the glue penetrates into the second annular groove 754, forming a stop fitting structure at this position. The insulating sealant layer 78 that penetrates into the second annular groove 754 serves as a convex stop after solidification, and the second annular groove 754 serves as a concave stop. The two cooperate with each other to make the entire insulating sealant layer 78 not easy to fall off.

[0315] In some other embodiments, a plurality of second annular grooves 754 may be provided on the electrical connection post 25 to further enhance the bonding strength of the insulating sealant layer 78 within the pole avoidance hole 04 .

[0316] In some other embodiments, when each single cell pole extends into the pole avoidance hole, a second annular groove 754 may be further provided on the single cell pole along its circumference.

[0317] In some other embodiments, when each single cell battery pole and a partial area of ​​the electrical connection pole 25 of the pole adapter 53 extend into the pole avoidance hole, a second annular groove 754 can be further opened along the circumference of the portion of the single cell battery pole extending into the pole avoidance hole, and at the same time, a second annular groove 754 can be opened along the circumference of the electrical connection pole 25 on the portion of the electrical connection pole 25 extending into the pole avoidance hole.

[0318] Example 18

[0319] Different from the above embodiment, the pole adapter 53 of this embodiment is a slender member. Similar to FIG13 , two slender members are respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes of all single cells 21 to serve as the positive and negative electrodes of the large-capacity battery.

[0320] The slender member is provided with a plurality of electrical connection posts 25; these are protrusions extending from the slender member. Each electrical connection post 25 is used to connect to the positive or negative electrode post of all the cells 21 in the large-capacity battery. Blind holes may also be provided in the slender member, corresponding to and extending to each of the electrical connection posts 25. Each blind hole houses a conductive post, with the outer wall of the post in close contact with the inner wall of the blind hole, enhancing the electrical conductivity of the post adapter 53.

[0321] The glue injection position of this embodiment is the same as that of the above embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0322] The following embodiment provides a large-capacity battery that is different from the above embodiment.

[0323] Chinese patent CN220324596U discloses a large-capacity battery, the structure of which is shown in FIG52 . This type of large-capacity battery includes a housing 5 and multiple single cells 21, which are connected in parallel and arranged in the inner cavity of the housing. The housing bottom plate 1012 is provided with an electrolyte sharing chamber 51, which is connected to the electrolyte area of ​​the inner cavity of each single cell. The housing top plate 49 is provided with a pole avoidance hole 04 that allows the polarity terminal of each single cell to extend. The polarity terminal of each single cell extends through the pole avoidance hole 04, and the area of ​​the housing top plate 49 corresponding to the pole avoidance hole 04 is fixedly sealed with the single cell housing. The electrolyte in the inner cavity of each single cell is connected through the electrolyte sharing chamber, so that the electrolyte of all the single cells is in the same system, reducing the difference between the electrolytes of the single cells and improving the consistency of the single cells to a certain extent, thereby improving the cycle life of the large-capacity battery to a certain extent.

[0324] It should be noted that the above-mentioned single cell polarity terminal can be a single cell pole. If, in order to avoid the single cell pole being unable to smoothly extend out of the pole avoidance hole as a polarity terminal or the height of the pole avoidance hole does not meet the set requirements, a pole adapter can also be connected to the single cell pole, and the overall structure of the single cell pole and the pole adapter can be used as the single cell polarity terminal.

[0325] When multiple large-capacity batteries as described above are assembled into an energy storage device, the explosion vent pipes of each large-capacity battery (the explosion vent pipe is a pipe section fixed on the outer shell and connected to the inner cavity of the outer shell, and a explosion vent membrane is fixed in the pipe section) are usually connected to an explosion vent manifold, and the outlet end of the explosion vent manifold is led out of the energy storage device box. When any large-capacity battery has thermal runaway, the thermal runaway smoke is discharged from the energy storage device box through the explosion vent pipe and the explosion vent manifold in turn, so as to avoid the thermal runaway smoke from spreading to the entire energy storage device box after thermal runaway occurs, which may cause a safety accident.

[0326] However, experiments have shown that when thermal runaway occurs in individual cells within the aforementioned large-capacity battery, approximately 10 minutes later, the resulting fumes will leak from the gaps between the cell's polarity terminals and the pole avoidance holes. Therefore, if multiple large-capacity batteries are assembled into an energy storage device, when thermal runaway occurs, the fumes will not only be discharged through the vent pipes into the explosion vent manifold, but may also leak from the gaps between the cell's polarity terminals and the pole avoidance holes, spreading throughout the entire energy storage device enclosure. This could cause thermal runaway to persist and spread, and in severe cases, could cause the large-capacity battery or even the energy storage device to rupture.

[0327] The following embodiments provide a large-capacity battery and energy storage device to overcome the safety problem caused by the thermal runaway smoke of existing large-capacity batteries easily leaking from the positive and negative poles of the single battery, resulting in the spread of thermal runaway smoke.

[0328] The idea of ​​the following embodiments is:

[0329] Based on the above problems, the large-capacity batteries after thermal runaway were disassembled, and it was found that the positive and negative poles of the single battery cells that experienced thermal runaway fell off. After analysis, the reason for this phenomenon is that the positive and negative poles of the single battery cells have poor temperature resistance. When the temperature reaches about 320°C and lasts for about 10 minutes, the positive and negative poles of the single battery cells will fall off or cracks will appear between the positive and negative poles and the upper cover of the single battery cells, resulting in thermal runaway smoke leaking from the positive and negative poles and diffusing to the outside of the casing through the pole avoidance holes.

[0330] Based on this, the following embodiments consider pouring a first insulating sealant into the gap between the polarity terminal of the single battery and the pole avoidance hole, and forming a first insulating sealant layer after curing, so as to avoid the occurrence of the above problems.

[0331] The first insulating sealant should be heat-resistant (stable in environments above 320°C without performance changes) and have good insulation properties. Typically, epoxy potting compounds with a temperature resistance above 320°C or other commonly used potting compounds with a temperature resistance above 320°C can be used.

[0332] Based on the different structures of the polarity terminals of the single cells, the role of the first insulating sealant layer can be discussed in two cases:

[0333] 1. The polarity terminal of the single cell is the single cell pole:

[0334] In this case, the first insulating sealant layer is located in the gap between the single cell pole and the pole avoidance hole. The first insulating sealant layer is in direct contact with the single cell pole. Firstly, it can protect and fix the single cell pole. Under the protection and fixation of the first insulating sealant layer, thermal runaway occurs, and the single cell pole is not easy to fall off or cracks are generated between the single cell upper cover, thereby preventing the thermal runaway smoke from leaking from the gap between the single cell pole and the pole avoidance hole; secondly, the first insulating sealant layer can also seal the gap between the single cell pole and the pole avoidance hole, thereby ensuring the sealing of this part.

[0335] It should be noted that in this case, the single battery pole extends out of the pole avoidance hole, and the extension height meets the set requirements. For example, a heat transfer tube clamping portion can be opened at the position where it extends out of the pole avoidance hole to fix the heat transfer tube and improve the heat dissipation performance of such large-capacity batteries.

[0336] If the heat transfer tubes are liquid-cooled, condensation will form on their surfaces due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the liquid cooling tubes. When the condensation accumulates to a certain amount, it will seep into the gap between the terminal and the terminal avoidance hole, causing electrical conduction between the terminal and the outer shell, which may cause a short circuit in the same single battery. Therefore, after pouring the first insulating sealant into the gap between the terminal and the terminal avoidance hole, even if condensation occurs, it will be blocked by the first insulating sealant layer and cannot seep into the gap between the terminal and the terminal avoidance hole, thus preventing the battery from short-circuiting.

[0337] 2. The polarity terminal of a single battery cell is an integral structure formed by the cooperation of the single battery cell pole and the pole adapter; (including the situation where the single battery cell pole cannot be smoothly extended through the pole avoidance hole, or can be extended through the pole avoidance hole, but the extension height does not meet the set requirements);

[0338] In this case, the first insulating sealant layer is also in direct contact with the single cell pole, and the function of the first insulating sealant layer is the same as that in the first case.

[0339] It should be noted that although this case includes the situation where the single cell pole extends out of the pole avoidance hole, the extension height is not sufficient to provide a heat transfer tube clamping portion on it. Therefore, it is still necessary to add a pole adapter to the single cell pole to provide a heat transfer tube clamping portion and fix the heat transfer tube.

[0340] The following is a detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0341] The following embodiment is a large-capacity battery, comprising a housing and a plurality of single cells; the multiple single cells are arranged in the same direction and placed in the housing. The inner cavity of the housing is connected to the inner cavities of all the single cells.

[0342] A rectangular housing is usually used. For ease of description, the length direction of the housing is defined as the x direction, the width direction of the housing is defined as the y direction, and the height direction of the housing is defined as the z direction.

[0343] There is no specific limitation on the shell structure, and at least the following two structures can be adopted:

[0344] The first structure includes a cylinder with open ends at both ends (i.e., the end parallel to the yz plane is the open end) and end plates fixed to the two open ends of the cylinder (i.e., the end plates are parallel to the yz plane);

[0345] The second structure includes a cylinder with open ends at the top and bottom (i.e., the ports parallel to the xy plane are open ends) and an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate fixed to the open ends of the top and bottom of the cylinder respectively (i.e., the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are parallel to the xy plane);

[0346] In the following description, the plates in the housing that are parallel to the xy plane are defined as a housing top plate and a housing bottom plate, respectively.

[0347] Preferably, a shared cavity may be provided in the housing so that the inner cavity of the shared cavity is connected to the inner cavities of all the single cells, thereby achieving the above-mentioned connection effect.

[0348] It should be noted that:

[0349] The shared electrolyte chamber can be a shared electrolyte chamber. This allows each cell to maintain a uniform electrolyte environment, ensuring electrolyte uniformity within each cell and improving the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of large-capacity batteries. The shared electrolyte chamber is a liquid channel extending along the length of the housing, located between the housing bottom plate and each cell. This channel can be integrally formed with the housing bottom plate or formed by providing a support member between the cell lower cover plate and the housing bottom plate.

[0350] The above-mentioned shared chamber may also be a gas-sharing chamber, which can achieve gas balance of each single battery through the gas-sharing chamber, and can also improve the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of large-capacity batteries.

[0351] The above-mentioned shared chamber can also be a gas-liquid shared chamber. Through a gas-liquid shared chamber, each single battery can be placed in a unified electrolyte environment and gas environment, thereby improving the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of large-capacity batteries.

[0352] In order to improve the heat dissipation performance of such large-capacity batteries, pole avoidance holes are opened on the top plate of the shell corresponding to the polarity terminals of each single cell; each single cell polarity terminal extends out of the corresponding pole avoidance hole to serve as a large-capacity battery polarity terminal (all single cell polarity terminals on one side serve as the first polarity terminal of the large-capacity battery, and all single cell polarity terminals on the other side serve as the second polarity terminal of the large-capacity battery, where the polarities of the first polarity terminal and the second polarity terminal are opposite), and the area of ​​the top plate of the shell corresponding to the pole avoidance hole is fixedly sealed with the single cell shell, so that the pole avoidance hole area of ​​the top plate of the shell is sealed.

[0353] It should be noted that the single cell polarity terminal described here can be a single cell pole. If, in order to avoid the single cell pole being unable to smoothly extend out of the pole avoidance hole as a polarity terminal or the height of the pole avoidance hole does not meet the set requirements, a pole adapter can also be connected to the single cell pole, and the overall structure of the single cell pole and the pole adapter can be used as the single cell polarity terminal.

[0354] In order to lead the thermal runaway smoke out of the large-capacity battery casing, a vent pipe communicating with the inner cavity of the casing is provided on the casing; usually, the vent pipe directly passes through the above-mentioned shared chamber.

[0355] When the above-mentioned large-capacity batteries are assembled into energy storage devices, when individual cells in any large-capacity battery experience thermal runaway, about 10 minutes later, due to the detachment of the cell poles, the thermal runaway smoke will leak from the gap between the cell polarity terminals and the pole avoidance holes, and spread to the entire energy storage device box, causing the thermal runaway to continue and spread. In severe cases, it may cause the large-capacity battery or even the energy storage device to explode.

[0356] Based on the above problems, improvements are made to the smoke leakage parts of large-capacity battery thermal runaway:

[0357] A first insulating sealant is injected into the gap between the cell polarity terminal and the pole avoidance hole. After curing, a first insulating sealant layer is formed. The first insulating sealant has a temperature resistance higher than the temperature of the thermal runaway flue gas. Typically, the temperature resistance must be higher than 320°C and must be stable and continuous. Generally, an electronic device potting compound with a temperature resistance higher than 320°C, such as an epoxy potting compound with a temperature resistance higher than 320°C, can be used.

[0358] When the polarity terminal of the single cell is a single cell pole, or the polarity terminal of the single cell is an integral structure of a single cell pole and a pole adapter, the first insulating sealant layer is located in the gap between the single cell pole and the pole avoidance hole. The first insulating sealant layer is in direct contact with the single cell pole. Firstly, it can protect and fix the single cell pole. Under the protection and fixation of the first insulating sealant layer, thermal runaway occurs, and the single cell pole is not easy to fall off or cracks are generated between the single cell upper cover. Therefore, thermal runaway smoke can be prevented from leaking from the gap between the polarity terminal of the single cell and the pole avoidance hole; secondly, the first insulating sealant layer can also seal the gap between the polarity terminal of the single cell and the pole avoidance hole, further improving the sealing of the pole avoidance hole of the outer shell.

[0359] The following embodiments further disclose an energy storage device, comprising a box, an explosion venting manifold, and a plurality of the above-mentioned large-capacity batteries located in the box; the explosion venting pipes of each large-capacity battery are connected to the explosion venting manifold, and the outlet end of the explosion venting manifold extends out of the box.

[0360] When thermal runaway occurs in a single cell of any large-capacity battery in the energy storage device, the thermal runaway smoke is discharged only through the explosion venting manifold, reducing the risk of thermal runaway smoke diffusion, large-capacity battery or even energy storage device explosion.

[0361] Example 19

[0362] As shown in FIG. 53 and FIG. 54 , the large-capacity battery of this embodiment includes a housing 5 and a plurality of single cells 21 arranged in the housing 5 along the x direction.

[0363] The single cells 21 in this embodiment are prismatic cells, numbering 13. Each single cell 21 has an inner cavity comprising an electrolyte region and a gas region. In other embodiments, the number of single cells 21 can be adjusted based on actual needs, and the shape of the single cells 21 can also be adjusted based on actual needs.

[0364] Referring to Figure 54 , an electrolyte sharing chamber 51 is provided along the x-direction between the housing bottom plate 1012 and each of the individual cells 21. The interior of the electrolyte sharing chamber 51 communicates with the electrolyte area within each of the individual cells 21. As can be seen from the figure, the electrolyte sharing chamber 51 in this embodiment is a liquid channel extending along the x-direction between the housing bottom plate 1012 and each of the individual cells 21. It is formed by disposing a support member 50 between the lower cover plate of the individual cells 21 and the housing bottom plate 1012 (as shown in Figure 54 ).

[0365] A gas sharing chamber 94 is provided on the housing top plate 49 along the x-direction. The inner cavity of the gas sharing chamber 94 is in communication with the inner gas areas of each single battery 21 .

[0366] In some other embodiments, only an electrolyte sharing chamber 51 or a gas sharing chamber 94 may be provided, or a gas-liquid sharing chamber may be provided along the x direction on the first side plate of the outer shell 5 (the side plate parallel to the xz plane), and the inner cavity of the gas-liquid sharing chamber is connected to the electrolyte area and gas area of ​​the inner cavity of each single battery 21.

[0367] A through hole penetrating the electrolyte shared chamber 51 is provided on the second side plate of the housing 5 (the side plate parallel to the yz plane), and the explosion relief pipe 17 is connected to the through hole.

[0368] As shown in FIG55 , the top plate 49 of the large-capacity battery housing of this embodiment is provided with a pole avoidance hole 04 that allows the polarity terminals of each single battery 21 to extend out; in this embodiment, the polarity terminals of the single battery 21 are single battery poles 08 .

[0369] Each single battery pole 08 extends out of the corresponding pole avoidance hole 04 , and the area of ​​the housing top plate 49 corresponding to the pole avoidance hole 04 is fixedly sealed to the single battery housing 122 .

[0370] Usually, the area of ​​the housing top plate 49 around the pole avoidance hole 04 can be directly welded to the single battery housing 122 to achieve sealing.

[0371] However, when the sizes of the individual cells 21 along the z direction are not completely equal, some of the cell shells 122 with smaller sizes in the z direction may have problems with poor welding or even be unable to be welded to the top plate 49 of the large-capacity battery housing, making it difficult to ensure the sealing of the pole avoidance hole 04.

[0372] To overcome this problem, a weakened portion can be provided around the pole avoidance hole 04. During welding, the deformation of the weakened portion compensates for the dimensional differences between the individual cells 21 in the z-direction, ensuring a hermetic weld between the housing top plate 49 surrounding the pole avoidance hole 04 and the individual cell housing 122. The weakened portion can be an annular groove extending around the pole avoidance hole 04, centered at the center of the pole avoidance hole 04. Alternatively, the weakened portion can be a long, strip-shaped groove extending around the pole avoidance hole 04.

[0373] A sealing connector 513 may also be provided between the pole avoidance hole 04 and the pole. The sealing connector 513 comprises a hollow member; one end of the hollow member is sealedly connected to a first area of ​​the cell 21, and the other end is sealedly connected to a second area of ​​the housing top plate 49. The first area is the area surrounding any pole on the cell housing 122 of any cell 21; the area surrounding the pole is the area surrounding the insulating gasket on the pole. The insulating gasket is a component on the cell 21 that insulates the pole from the cell housing. The second area is the area of ​​the housing top plate 49 corresponding to any pole avoidance hole 04. The area of ​​the housing top plate 49 corresponding to the pole avoidance hole 04 is the area on the outer surface of the housing top plate 49 surrounding the corresponding pole avoidance hole 04; alternatively, the area of ​​the housing top plate 49 corresponding to the pole avoidance hole 04 is the wall of the pole avoidance hole 04.

[0374] As shown in FIG55 , one end of the sealing connector 513 of this embodiment is sealed to the first region of the single battery 21 through the first annular plate, and the outer wall of the other end of the sealing connector 513 is directly sealed to the wall of the pole avoidance hole 04.

[0375] In this embodiment, a first insulating sealant is injected into the gap between the sealing connector 513 and the pole. After curing, a first insulating sealant layer 80 is formed. The first insulating sealant used in this embodiment is an epoxy resin potting layer with a temperature resistance exceeding 320°C. To clearly illustrate the position of the first insulating sealant layer 80, the gap between the pole and its sealing connector 513 on the left side of Figure 55 is filled with the first insulating sealant layer 80, while the gap between the pole and its sealing connector 513 on the right side is not filled with the first insulating sealant layer 80.

[0376] In this embodiment, the first insulating sealant layer 80 is located in the gap between the single cell pole 08 and the pole avoidance hole 04. The first insulating sealant layer 80 is in direct contact with the single cell pole 08. Firstly, it can protect and fix the single cell pole 08. Under the protection and fixation of the first insulating sealant, thermal runaway occurs, and the single cell pole 08 is not easy to fall off or cracks are generated between the single cell 21 cover. Therefore, the thermal runaway smoke can be prevented from leaking from the gap between the single cell pole 08 and the pole avoidance hole 04. Secondly, the first insulating sealant can also seal the gap between the single cell pole 08 and the pole avoidance hole 04, ensuring the sealing of this part.

[0377] After the main structure of the large-capacity battery is assembled, the first insulating sealant is injected into the gap between the single battery pole 08 and the pole avoidance hole 04. After the sealant layer is cured, the large-capacity battery of this embodiment is obtained.

[0378] Example 20

[0379] Unlike Example 19, the polarity terminal of the single cell 21 in this embodiment is an integral structure composed of a single cell pole 08 and a pole adapter 53; as shown in Figures 56 and 57, each single cell pole 08 in this embodiment is located in the pole avoidance hole 04, but does not completely extend out of the pole avoidance hole 04, so it is necessary to fix the pole adapter 53 on each single cell pole 08 as a polarity terminal.

[0380] In other embodiments, each single battery pole 08 extends out of the corresponding pole avoidance hole 04, but its extension height does not meet the set requirements. Similar to this embodiment, it is also necessary to fix the pole adapter 53 on each single battery pole 08 as a polarity terminal.

[0381] In this embodiment, one end of the sealing connector 513 is sealed to the first area of ​​the single battery 21 through a first annular plate, and the other end of the sealing connector 513 is sealed to the peripheral area corresponding to any pole avoidance hole 04 on the outer surface of the housing top plate 49 through a second annular plate.

[0382] Similar to Example 19, this embodiment injects a first insulating sealant into the gap between the sealing connector 513 and the single cell pole 08. After curing, a first insulating sealant layer 80 is formed. The first insulating sealant used in this embodiment is an epoxy resin potting layer with a temperature resistance higher than 320°C.

[0383] In this embodiment, the first insulating sealant layer 80 is located in the gap between the single cell pole 08 and the pole avoidance hole 04. The first insulating sealant layer 80 is in direct contact with the single cell pole 08. Firstly, it can protect and fix the single cell pole 08. Under the protection and fixation of the first insulating sealant, thermal runaway occurs, and the single cell pole 08 is not easy to fall off or cracks are generated between the single cell 21 cover. Therefore, the thermal runaway smoke can be prevented from leaking from the gap between the single cell pole 08 and the pole avoidance hole 04. Secondly, the first insulating sealant can also seal the gap between the single cell pole 08 and the pole avoidance hole 04, ensuring the sealing of this part.

[0384] In this embodiment, after the large-capacity battery main structure is assembled, the first insulating sealant is injected into the gap between the single battery pole 08 and the pole avoidance hole 04. After the glue layer is cured, the pole adapter 53 is welded to the corresponding pole.

[0385] Example 21

[0386] In order to further improve the heat dissipation performance of the large-capacity battery in the above embodiment, as shown in FIG58 , the large-capacity battery in this embodiment further includes a heat transfer tube 3 .

[0387] This embodiment features a heat transfer tube 3 mounting portion located where the polarity terminals extend from the pole avoidance holes 04. The heat transfer tube 3 is secured within the mounting portion, directly connecting the heat transfer tube 3 to the polarity terminals of the large-capacity battery. This allows for the timely removal of heat from the polarity terminals, where heat is most concentrated, improving the heat dissipation of the large-capacity battery. Furthermore, when the temperature of the large-capacity battery falls below a set threshold, a higher-temperature heat transfer medium is introduced into the heat transfer tube 3 to raise the battery's temperature. By controlling the temperature of the heat transfer medium, the large-capacity battery is ensured to maintain its normal operating temperature.

[0388] The following description is given using the large-capacity battery in Example 19 as an example.

[0389] In conjunction with Figures 53 and 54, it can be seen that in this embodiment, a through groove 26 is provided at the location where the single cell pole 08 extends out of the pole avoidance hole 04, serving as a clamping portion for the heat transfer tube 3; as can be seen from Figure 55, in this embodiment, the polarity terminal of the single cell 21 is a cylinder, including a second end face 213, a first end face 211 and a side face 212 (the second end face 213 and the first end face 211 are parallel to each other), and the through groove 26 is provided on the side face 212 of the polarity terminal, that is, the opening of the through groove 26 is located on the side face 212.

[0390] In some other embodiments, a through hole may be further provided on the side surface 212 , that is, the opening of the through hole is located on the side surface 212 .

[0391] In some other embodiments, a through slot 26 may be further provided on the first end surface 211 , that is, the opening of the through slot 26 is located on the first end surface 211 (in FIG. 56 , a through slot 26 is provided on the first end surface 211 of the pole adapter 53 ).

[0392] The first end face 211 serves as the electrical connection portion of the polarity terminal, and is used to connect to the first electrical connector 140 and / or the second electrical connector 150 to achieve electrical connection between each single cell 21 and / or two large-capacity batteries; the second end face 213 is used to electrically connect to the electrode assembly in the single cell housing 122.

[0393] Providing a through groove 26 or through hole on the side surface 212 increases the contact area between the heat transfer tube 3 and the inner wall of the through groove 26 or through hole compared to providing a through groove 26 on the first end surface 211, resulting in higher heat exchange efficiency. Furthermore, when the through groove 26 or through hole is located on the side surface 212, the entire area of ​​the first end surface 211 can be used as an electrical connection area. Two through grooves 26 or through holes can also be provided on the side surface 212 of the polarity terminal to increase the number of heat transfer tubes 3 that can be accommodated, further improving heat exchange efficiency. Compared to a through hole structure, a through groove 26 makes heat transfer tubes 3 easier to install.

[0394] The cross section of the through groove 26 is C-shaped. The opening width of the through groove 26 is smaller than the widest part of the through groove 26. This design is conducive to the interference fit of the heat transfer tube 3 in the through groove 26. The arc formed at both ends of the C-shaped through groove 26 has natural tension, which is conducive to tightly fitting the heat transfer tube 3 in the through groove 26.

[0395] As shown in FIG58 , the heat transfer tube 3 of this embodiment may adopt a U-shaped tube section. To facilitate installation, the U-shaped tube section is split into three parts, which may be defined as a first tube 91 , a second tube 92 and a connecting tube 93 .

[0396] The first tube 91 is fixed in the through-slot 26 for the first polarity terminal of the large-capacity battery; the second tube 92 is fixed in the through-slot 26 for the second polarity terminal of the large-capacity battery. The two ends of the connecting tube 93 are connected to the ports on the same side of the first tube 91 and the second tube 92, respectively. The remaining two ports of the first tube 91 and the second tube 92 serve as the liquid inlet and outlet of the heat transfer tube 3.

[0397] In some other embodiments, two heat transfer tubes 3 may be used, and the two heat transfer tubes 3 are respectively clamped in the heat transfer tube 3 clamping parts of the first polarity terminal and the second polarity terminal of the large-capacity battery.

[0398] In this embodiment, the heat transfer tube 3 can be a heat pipe, or a liquid cooling tube, etc.

[0399] When the heat transfer tube 3 is a liquid cooling tube, condensation will be generated on the surface during long-term use due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the liquid cooling tube. When the condensation accumulates to a certain amount, it will penetrate into the gap between the polarity terminal and the pole avoidance hole 04, causing the polarity terminal to be electrically conductive with the shell 5, which may cause a short circuit in the same single battery 21.

[0400] Since the first insulating sealant is poured into the gap between the polarity terminal and the pole avoidance hole 04 in this embodiment, even if condensation occurs, the condensation cannot penetrate into the gap between the pole and the pole avoidance hole 04 due to the blocking of the first insulating sealant layer 80, thereby preventing the occurrence of battery short circuit.

[0401] However, simply pouring the first insulating sealant on this area leaves the heat transfer tube 3 exposed to the external environment, and condensation will still form on its surface, causing moisture to the large-capacity battery and posing certain safety issues. Therefore, to completely address this issue, as shown in Figure 59, this embodiment applies a second insulating sealant layer 90 on the top plate 49 of the housing, completely encasing the main body of the liquid cooling tube, thereby enhancing the safety of this type of large-capacity battery.

[0402] It should be noted that the electrical connection portion (first end surface 211) of the polarity terminal of each single cell 21 needs to extend beyond the second insulating sealant layer 90 for connection to the first electrical connector 140 or the second electrical connector 150. The liquid inlet 61 and outlet 62 of the liquid cooling tube also need to extend beyond the second insulating sealant layer 90 for connection to the liquid cooling equipment. The first electrical connector 140 is a connector that enables parallel connection of the single cells 21 in the large-capacity battery; the second electrical connector 150 can be a connector that enables series connection of two large-capacity batteries, or it can be a connector that connects the large-capacity battery to an external load. Figure 59 shows only one side of the first electrical connector 140.

[0403] In addition, the second insulating sealant layer 90 can also play the following two roles:

[0404] 1. Because the second insulating sealant layer 90 completely wraps the liquid cooling tube body, it can also, to a certain extent, fix or position the liquid cooling tube, thereby improving the stability of the liquid cooling tube on the large-capacity battery;

[0405] 2. Because the second insulating sealant layer 90 is laid on the top plate 49 of the housing and covers the main body of the liquid cooling tube, the flatness of the top structure of such a large-capacity battery can be improved.

[0406] In this embodiment, the second insulating sealant is generally a battery potting glue commonly used in batteries, such as a silicone thermal conductive potting glue, which has good sealing, insulation, vibration resistance, heat dissipation and waterproofing functions.

[0407] In other embodiments, the second insulating sealant can be the same as the first insulating sealant, and a first insulating sealant layer 80 can be formed by a single injection process in the gaps between the polarity terminals of the single battery cells 21 and the pole avoidance holes 04, as well as in the housing top plate 49. However, compared to this embodiment, the amount of the first insulating sealant used is larger, and generally, the cost of the first insulating sealant is higher than that of the second insulating sealant. Therefore, the cost of such a large-capacity battery is higher than that of the large-capacity battery of this embodiment.

[0408] Example 22

[0409] In the above-mentioned embodiment, the polarity terminals are directly exposed to the external environment, posing a significant safety hazard during use due to the polarity terminals being electrically charged. Therefore, as shown in Figures 60 and 61 , this embodiment, based on the above-mentioned embodiment, provides an insulating protective cover 10 on top of the large-capacity battery to provide insulation protection for the polarity terminals. This avoids the potential safety hazard of the polarity terminals being exposed during operation, and also prevents foreign matter from falling into the polarity terminals, causing a short circuit in the large-capacity battery, thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity battery.

[0410] It should be noted that if the insulating protective cover 10 completely wraps the polarity terminals, it will make the electrical connection of such large-capacity batteries more difficult. Therefore, in this embodiment, a slit 102 is opened on the side wall of the insulating protective cover 10 parallel to the xz plane. Through the slit 102, the second electrical connector 150 can be connected to the polarity terminals, thereby achieving electrical connection.

[0411] It should also be noted that a channel for the liquid inlet end 61 and the liquid outlet end 62 of the heat transfer tube 3 to extend out needs to be provided on the side wall of the insulating protective cover 10 .

[0412] In order to facilitate the electrical connection process, the present embodiment designs the insulating protective cover 10 as a split structure, as shown in Figures 52 and 61, including an insulating frame 104 and an insulating cover 105 covering the insulating frame 104; the lower end of the insulating frame 104 is used to cooperate with the top of the large-capacity battery, and is fixed to the top of the large-capacity battery by screw connection or bonding, and the upper end of the insulating frame 104 is buckled and installed with the insulating cover 105, and a notch is opened at the upper end of the side wall of the insulating frame 104 parallel to the xz plane, and the notch cooperates with the insulating cover 105 to form the above-mentioned slit 102.

[0413] During assembly, the insulating frame 104 can be fixed on the top of the large-capacity battery first, and then the second electrical connector 150 can be connected to the polarity terminal through the slit 102. After glue injection, the insulating cover 105 can be fixed on the upper end of the insulating frame 104.

[0414] In addition, in Example 21, during the injection process, in order to prevent the second insulating sealant liquid from overflowing, an injection mold is required. However, after the injection, demolding is required, and the process is relatively complicated. In addition, during the demolding process, the structure of the second insulating sealant layer 90 may be damaged, resulting in reduced sealing reliability.

[0415] In this embodiment, the insulating frame 104 of the insulating protective cover 10 can be used as a glue injection mold. After the glue injection is completed, there is no need to demould. At the same time, the bonding strength between the insulating frame 104 and the top of the large-capacity battery can be improved.

[0416] Example 23

[0417] As shown in Figure 62, this embodiment is an energy storage device comprising a housing, an explosion venting manifold 18, and multiple large-capacity batteries from the aforementioned embodiments located within the housing. The explosion venting pipes 17 of each large-capacity battery are connected to the explosion venting manifold 18, and the outlet end 182 of the explosion venting manifold extends out of the housing. To clearly illustrate the explosion venting manifold 18, Figure 62 only shows a partial structure of the energy storage device.

[0418] When a single cell 21 in any large-capacity battery in the energy storage device experiences thermal runaway, its thermal runaway smoke is discharged only through the explosion venting manifold 18, reducing the risk of thermal runaway smoke diffusion, large-capacity battery or even energy storage device explosion.

[0419] Examples 24 and 25 are a method for sealing a large-capacity battery, which is mainly used to prevent the external environment from contacting the internal environment of the large-capacity battery shell 5 through the gap between the pole avoidance hole 04, the inner surface of the shell top plate 49 and the single cell upper cover plate 42, thereby affecting the performance of the large-capacity battery.

[0420] This can be achieved by sealing at least one of the following areas:

[0421] 1. The gap between the inner surface of the housing top plate 49 and the upper cover plate 42 of the single cell;

[0422] 2. The gap between the pole avoidance hole 04 on the housing top plate 49 and the single battery pole 08 or pole adapter 53 located therein; for ease of description, the length direction of the housing 5 is defined as the x direction, the width direction is defined as the y direction, and the height direction is defined as the z direction. For the structure in which the outer shell top plate 49 and the outer shell side plate 713 (the side plate parallel to the xz plane) are integrated; the single cell pole 08 generally does not extend out of the pole avoidance hole 04, and part of the structure of the pole adapter 53 extends into the pole avoidance hole 04 and is connected to the single cell pole 08; and for the structure in which the outer shell top plate 49 and the outer shell side plate 713 (including the side plate parallel to the xz plane and the side plate parallel to the yz plane) are separated, the single cell pole 08 is generally located inside the pole avoidance hole 04, and part of the structure of the pole adapter 53 extends into the pole avoidance hole 04 and is connected to the single cell pole 08; for the structure in which the outer shell top plate 49 and the outer shell side plate 713 (including the side plate parallel to the xz plane and the side plate parallel to the yz plane) are separated, the single cell pole 08 can also extend out of the pole avoidance hole 04 and be connected to the pole adapter 53.

[0423] For position 1, Examples 24 and 25 use laser welding to weld the housing top plate 49 area around the pole avoidance hole 04 and the single cell upper cover plate 42 to achieve preliminary sealing;

[0424] However, as described in the background art, when the tops of the battery cells 21 (ie, the upper cover) are uneven, a cold solder joint problem may occur.

[0425] Therefore, to solve this problem, in Examples 24 and 25, part 2 is also sealed by glue sealing. A glue injection mold 45 is set on the part of the pole adapter 53 extending out of the pole avoidance hole 04 (i.e., the pole adapter body 22). A glue injection space is formed between the glue injection mold 45, the pole adapter 53, the single cell pole 08, the single cell upper cover 42, and the housing top plate 49. Glue is injected into the glue injection space to achieve secondary sealing.

[0426] It should be noted that the above-mentioned injection space includes the gap between the pole avoidance hole 04 and the single cell pole 08 or pole adapter 53 located therein; it also includes the gap between the inner surface of the shell top plate 49 within the welding track and the single cell upper cover plate 42.

[0427] The insulating sealant used in Examples 24 and 25 is generally a battery potting glue commonly used in batteries, such as a silicone thermal conductive potting glue, which has good sealing, insulation, vibration resistance, heat dissipation and waterproofing functions.

[0428] In order to prevent the insulating sealant from seeping into the electrolyte from the cold solder joint and affecting the performance of the electrolyte, Examples 24 and 25 can use an insulating sealant with a higher viscosity. When the sealant seeps into the cold solder joint, it will solidify and can also achieve the effect of sealing the cold solder joint. For example, epoxy glue can be used; or an insulating sealant that does not react with the electrolyte and does not affect the performance of the electrolyte can be used.

[0429] After the glue layer is solidified, the glue injection mold 45 can be removed.

[0430] Examples 24 and 25 use two seals to ensure the sealing performance of the top pole avoidance hole 04 of the large-capacity battery housing 5, so that the housing 5 has better sealing reliability.

[0431] The following further describes Examples 24 and 25 in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific examples.

[0432] Example 24

[0433] The structure of the large-capacity battery of this embodiment is shown in Figures 63 and 64. The large-capacity battery includes a housing 5, 10 single cells 21, and 20 pole adapters 53. In some other embodiments, the number of single cells 21 and pole adapters 53 can be adjusted according to actual needs. The 10 single cells 21 are placed in parallel in the housing 5; the bottom plate 1012 of the housing is provided with an electrolyte sharing chamber 51, which is connected to the electrolyte area of ​​the inner cavity of each single cell 21. The top plate 49 of the housing is also provided with a gas chamber 52, which can be connected to the gas area of ​​the inner cavity of each single cell 21; the gas chamber 52 can also serve as an explosion relief channel. When any single cell 21 experiences thermal runaway, the thermal runaway smoke in the inner cavity of the single cell 21 enters the gas chamber 52, breaks through the explosion relief mechanism set at either end of the gas chamber 52, and is discharged.

[0434] In some other embodiments, the gas chamber 52 may not be provided on the housing top plate 49 .

[0435] 64 , in this embodiment, a pole avoidance hole 04 is provided on the top plate 49 of the housing corresponding to each single battery pole 08 .

[0436] The structure of the pole adapter 53 of this embodiment is shown in Figure 65 , and includes a pole adapter body 22 and an electrical connection post 25 disposed on the pole adapter body 22. The pole adapter body 22 is cylindrical; in other embodiments, the pole adapter body 22 may also be a rectangular block. Metal materials with good electrical and thermal conductivity, such as silver, copper, and aluminum, can be used for the pole adapter body 22. However, aluminum is generally preferred for cost, electrical conductivity, and thermal conductivity.

[0437] In this embodiment, the electrical connection column 25 is a cylinder fixed to the bottom of the pole adapter body 22, and the cross-section of the cylinder is adapted to the cross-section of the single cell pole 08; it is connected to the single cell pole 08 through the electrical connection column 25, as shown in Figure 64.

[0438] In order to facilitate the connection between the electrical connection column 25 and the single cell pole 08 , in this embodiment, a blind hole 43 is provided on the pole adapter body 22 ; the bottom of the blind hole 43 is welded to the single cell pole 08 to achieve the connection between the two.

[0439] In this embodiment, a through slot 26 for installing a liquid cooling tube is provided on the pole adapter body 22. After constructing a large-capacity battery using a single cell 21 with such a pole adapter 53, a liquid cooling tube is installed in the clamping portion of the pole adapter 53. The heat concentrated on the pole can be transferred from the pole adapter 53 to the liquid cooling tube and then the heat is taken out. Similarly, when the ambient temperature is too low and the single cell 21 may not start normally, the external temperature control device can also heat up each single cell 21 through the liquid cooling tube. The through slots 26 extend in the x-direction and penetrate both ends of the pole adapter body 22. The size of the through slots 26 needs to ensure that the liquid cooling tube is tightly clamped therein to ensure installation stability while also ensuring the heat transfer effect between the liquid cooling tube and the pole adapter 53.

[0440] To inject glue into the glue injection space, this embodiment provides a glue injection channel 44 on the pole adapter body 22. This injection channel 44 extends through the pole adapter body 22 along its thickness (z-direction) and communicates with the glue injection space (region c in FIG. 64 represents a portion of the glue injection space). As can be seen in FIG. 65 , this embodiment preferably provides the glue injection channel 44 within the through slot 26 to shorten the glue injection path.

[0441] In some other embodiments, the glue injection channel 44 may be an L-shaped hole, with one section extending radially along the pole adapter body 22 and the other extending along the z-direction, penetrating the pole adapter body 22 and communicating with the glue injection space. However, compared to this embodiment, the structure is more complex, the glue injection path is longer, and during the glue injection process, the glue liquid is prone to solidifying in the glue injection channel 44, thereby blocking the glue injection channel 44.

[0442] In some other embodiments, the glue injection channel 44 may not be provided, and a gap may be left between the glue injection mold 45 and the pole adapter 53, and the insulating sealant liquid is injected through the gap. However, during the injection process, the glue liquid will inevitably remain in the gap between the outer peripheral surface of the pole adapter 53 and the glue injection mold 45, making demolding more difficult.

[0443] The structure of the glue injection mold 45 of this embodiment is shown in Figure 66, which includes an annular glue baffle 46, whose shape is adapted to the pole adapter body 22, and the inner diameter is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the pole adapter body 22. It is required that it can be mounted on the pole adapter body 22, but no large gap can be left between the two to prevent the glue from seeping into the gap between the two and making demolding difficult.

[0444] In order to improve the stability of the glue injection mold 45, an annular support plate 47 extending along the circumference of the lower end of the annular glue baffle plate 46 may be provided on the outer side.

[0445] The injection mold 45 of this embodiment is generally made of a material with less adhesion to the insulating sealant, which can reduce the difficulty of demolding. For example, PP (polypropylene), PE (polyethylene) and other materials can be used. After demolding, the injection mold 45 made of such materials can be reused.

[0446] This embodiment achieves sealing through the following steps:

[0447] As shown in Figure 67 , after each single cell 21 is installed in the housing 5 , a preliminary welding sealing step is first performed. Laser welding is used to weld the housing top plate 49 area surrounding the pole avoidance hole 04 to the single cell upper cover plate 42 to achieve a preliminary seal. The circle at a in Figure 67 indicates the welding trajectory. Next, as shown in Figure 68 , each pole adapter 53 is welded to the corresponding single cell pole 08 . Next, a secondary sealing step, glue injection, is performed. As shown in Figure 69 , a glue injection mold 45 is placed over the pole adapter body 22 , and glue is injected into the injection space through the glue injection channel 44 on the pole adapter 53 . Finally, after the insulating sealant has solidified, the mold is removed.

[0448] It should be noted that during the glue injection process, the insulating sealant can fill the entire glue injection space, which includes the gap between the inner surface of the housing top plate 49 and the single cell upper cover plate 42 within the welding track (area shown in Figures 70 and 71 d), the gap between the pole avoidance hole 04 and the single cell pole 08 or pole adapter 53 located therein (area shown in Figures 70 and 71 b), and the gap between the glue injection mold 45 and the electrical connection post 25 of the pole adapter 53 (area shown in Figures 70 and 71 c).

[0449] Alternatively, only the gap between the inner surface of the housing top plate 49 and the upper cover plate 42 of the single battery within the welding track (ie, the area shown by d) may be filled.

[0450] The gap between the inner surface of the shell top plate 49 and the single cell upper cover plate 42 within the welding track, as well as the gap between the pole avoidance hole 04 and the single cell pole 08 or pole adapter 53 located therein (i.e., the area shown in d and the area shown in b) can also be filled.

[0451] When the entire injection space is filled, it also has the following advantages:

[0452] During long-term use, due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the liquid cooling tube, a small amount of condensation generated on the surface of the liquid cooling tube may penetrate into the area shown in c, which may cause a short circuit in the same single battery 21.

[0453] In Examples 24 and 25, an insulating sealant layer 78 is provided in the area shown in c (as shown in FIG63 , an insulating sealant layer 78 is provided in the gap between the injection mold 45 and the electrical connection column 25 of the pole adapter 53. It should be noted that when injecting glue in the area shown in c, when the gaps between the areas shown in b and d are large, the insulating sealant liquid will inevitably penetrate into the areas shown in b and d). When condensation is generated on the surface of the liquid cooling tube fixed on the pole adapter 53, the condensation cannot penetrate into the gap between the pole adapter 53 and the top plate 49 of the outer shell due to the obstruction of the insulating sealant layer 78, thereby preventing the occurrence of battery short circuit.

[0454] Example 25

[0455] In order to further reduce the difficulty of demolding, the present embodiment designs the injection mold 45 as a split structure. As shown in Figures 72 and 73, the injection mold 45 of the present embodiment includes a first semi-annular rubber baffle plate 48 and a second semi-annular rubber baffle plate 41. The first semi-annular rubber baffle plate 48 and the second semi-annular rubber baffle plate 41 are spliced ​​to form the annular rubber baffle plate 46 in Example 24. The first semi-annular rubber baffle plate 48 and the second semi-annular rubber baffle plate 41 can be symmetrical or asymmetrical with each other.

[0456] Similar to Example 24, this embodiment may also provide a first semi-annular support plate 415 and a second semi-annular support plate 416 along the circumferential direction on the outer side of the lower ends of the first semi-annular rubber baffle plate 48 and the second semi-annular rubber baffle plate 41.

[0457] In order to further reduce the difficulty of demolding, this embodiment can also be provided with a first plate 411 and a second plate 412 at both ends of the first semi-annular rubber baffle plate 48, and a third plate 413 and a fourth plate 414 at both ends of the second semi-annular rubber baffle plate 41. The first plate 411 and the third plate 413 cooperate with each other, and the second plate 412 and the fourth plate 414 cooperate with each other, so that the first semi-annular rubber baffle plate 48 and the second semi-annular rubber baffle plate 41 are buckled together to form the annular rubber baffle plate 46.

[0458] As shown in FIG74 , when the injection mold 45 is fixed to the outer wall of the pole adapter body 22 of the large-capacity battery, the first plate 411 and the third plate 413 fit tightly together, and the second plate 412 and the fourth plate 414 fit tightly together and are parallel to the xz plane.

[0459] After the insulating sealant is solidified, demoulding can be performed from the joints between the first plate 411 and the third plate 413 and the joints between the second plate 412 and the fourth plate 414. This is because these joints are not bonded with insulating sealant and are therefore easier to demould.

Claims

1. A large capacity battery, characterized in that: It comprises an outer shell, a plurality of single cells and a liquid cooling tube; the plurality of single cells are arranged in the outer shell in the same direction; the outer shell is provided with a shared chamber, the inner cavity of the shared chamber is connected with the inner cavities of all single cells; a pole avoidance hole is provided on the top plate of the outer shell corresponding to the pole of each single cell; each pole of the single cell extends out of the pole avoidance hole, and the outer shell top plate area corresponding to the pole avoidance hole is fixedly sealed with the shell of the single cell; a liquid cooling tube clamping part is provided at the part where each pole of the single cell extends out of the pole avoidance hole; the liquid cooling tube comprises a liquid cooling tube body and a liquid inlet end and a liquid outlet end of the liquid cooling tube, and the liquid cooling tube body is fixed on the liquid cooling tube clamping part; an insulating sealant layer is laid on the top plate of the outer shell; the insulating sealant layer extends out of the electrical connection part of each pole of the single cell, and the insulating sealant layer extends out of the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the liquid cooling tube.

2. The large-capacity battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main body of the liquid cooling tube is located in the insulating sealant layer.

3. The large-capacity battery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The liquid cooling tube clamping part is a through hole or a through groove formed on the pole of the single battery.

4. The large-capacity battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: It also includes an insulating protective cover, which is arranged on the top of the shell of the large-capacity battery, and each single battery pole is located in the insulating protective cover; the length direction of the shell is defined as the x direction, the width direction is the y direction, and the height direction is the z direction; a channel for the extension of the liquid cooling pipe is provided on the side wall of the insulating protective cover; slits are provided on the two side walls of the insulating protective cover parallel to the xz plane, and the electrical connection parts of each single battery pole are connected to the electrical connector through the slits.

5. The large-capacity battery according to claim 4, characterized in that: The insulating protective cover includes an insulating frame and an insulating cover; the lower end of the insulating frame is fixed to the top of the large-capacity battery; the upper end of the insulating frame is buckled and installed with the insulating cover; a notch is opened at the upper end of the side wall of the insulating frame parallel to the xz plane, and the notch cooperates with the insulating cover to form a slit.

6. The large-capacity battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shared chamber is an electrolyte shared chamber, which is a liquid channel located on the bottom plate of the shell, and the liquid channel is connected with the electrolyte area in the inner cavity of each single battery.

7. The large-capacity battery according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: The shared chamber is a gas shared chamber, which is a gas channel located on the top plate of the outer shell, and the gas channel is connected with the gas area of ​​the inner cavity of each single battery.

8. The large-capacity battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: A protrusion is arranged on the surface of the shell top plate close to the single cell, and a step through hole penetrating the shell top plate is opened on the protrusion as a pole avoidance hole. The small hole of the step through hole is close to the single cell, and the hole depth of the small hole is less than the hole depth of the large hole.

9. A large-capacity battery, comprising a shell, a plurality of single cells and a pole adapter; the plurality of single cells are placed side by side in the shell, the bottom plate of the shell is provided with an electrolyte sharing chamber, the electrolyte sharing chamber is connected with the electrolyte area of ​​the inner cavity of each single cell; a pole avoidance hole is provided on the top plate of the shell corresponding to the pole of each single cell; the pole of each single cell is connected to the pole adapter through the pole avoidance hole, and the shell area corresponding to the pole avoidance hole is fixedly sealed with the shell of the single cell; characterized in that: An insulating sealant layer is provided in the gap between the bottom surface of the pole adapter and the top plate of the shell, wherein the bottom surface of the pole adapter is a surface on the pole adapter parallel to and close to the top plate of the shell.

10. The large-capacity battery according to claim 9, characterized in that: The top surface and the side surface of the pole adapter are both provided with an insulating sealant layer; wherein the top surface of the pole adapter is a surface on the pole adapter that is parallel to the top plate of the outer shell and away from the top plate of the outer shell; the side surface of the pole adapter is a surface on the pole adapter that is perpendicular to both the first surface and the second surface; the pole adapter is provided with an electrical connection component; the electrical connection component is used to connect with the electrical connection component, while preventing the insulating sealant liquid from overflowing from a part of the injection area.

11. The large-capacity battery according to claim 10, characterized in that: It also includes an annular glue blocking protrusion, which is located at the edge of the shell top plate and is arranged circumferentially along the shell top plate to prevent the insulating sealant from overflowing from the shell top plate.

12. The large capacity battery according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that: It also includes an insulating protective cover, which is arranged on the top of the shell of the large-capacity battery, and the pole adapter corresponding to each single battery is located in the insulating protective cover; the length direction of the shell is defined as the x direction, the width direction is the y direction, and the height direction is the z direction; the first side wall of the insulating protective cover parallel to the yz plane is provided with a channel for the extension of the liquid cooling pipe; the two second side walls of the insulating protective cover parallel to the xz plane are provided with slits, through which the electrical connector can be connected to the pole adapter or the electrical connecting component.

13. The large capacity battery according to claim 12, characterized in that: The insulating protective cover includes an insulating frame and an insulating cover; the lower end of the insulating frame is fixed on the top of the large-capacity battery; the upper end of the insulating frame is buckled and installed with the insulating cover; a notch is opened at the upper end of the side wall of the insulating frame parallel to the xz plane, and the notch cooperates with the insulating cover to form the slit.

14. The large capacity battery according to claim 13, characterized in that: Rubber baffles are respectively arranged on first surfaces of two long frames of the insulating frame body parallel to the xy plane along the x direction, and a third gap is provided between the rubber baffles and outer side surfaces of adjacent pole adapters in the y direction.

15. The large capacity battery according to claim 13, characterized in that: The insulating frame includes a second insulating frame and an insulating base plate fixed on the second insulating frame away from the insulating cover plate. An electrical connection post avoidance hole corresponding to each pole adapter is opened on the insulating base plate. The aperture of the electrical connection post avoidance hole is larger than the outer contour size of the electrical connection post on the pole adapter and smaller than the outer contour size of the pole adapter.

16. The large capacity battery according to claim 15, characterized in that: On the insulating bottom plate, partitions are arranged around each electrical connection column avoidance hole to form a pole adapter accommodating chamber; a fourth gap is provided between the side wall of the pole adapter accommodating chamber parallel to the xz plane and the side surface of the pole adapter parallel to the xz plane.

17. The large capacity battery according to claim 16, characterized in that: The outer edge of the electrical connection column avoidance hole is provided with a protrusion along its circumference, which serves as an annular retaining rubber ring to prevent the insulating sealing glue from flowing into the space between the sealing connector and the pole adapter and the single battery pole.

18. The large-capacity battery according to claim 11, characterized in that: The electrical connection component is an inverted L-shaped plate, the vertical plate of the inverted L-shaped plate is parallel to the xz plane and is fixed on the top surface of the pole adapter to prevent the insulating sealant from overflowing from the partial injection area; the partial injection area is the top surface of the pole adapter; the horizontal plate is parallel to the xy plane and is used to connect to the electrical connection component.

19. The large capacity battery according to claim 18, characterized in that: The electrical connection component also includes a first pressure-bearing plate which is parallel to the xz plane, extends along the x direction, and is connected to the transverse plate.

20. The large capacity battery according to claim 11, characterized in that: The electrical connection component includes a first electrical connection plate, a second electrical connection plate and a third connection plate; wherein the first electrical connection plate is fixed on the top surface of the pole adapter, and a liquid cooling pipe avoidance channel is opened on the surface where the first electrical connection plate and the pole adapter cooperate; the third connection plate is located between the first electrical connection plate and the second electrical connection plate, and is used to prevent the insulating sealant from overflowing from a partial injection area, and the partial injection area is the top surface of the first electrical connection plate; the second electrical connection plate is parallel to the xy plane and extends out of the pole adapter, and is used to be connected to the electrical connection.

21. The large-capacity battery according to claim 20, characterized in that: The electrical connection component further comprises an L-shaped electrical connection plate, a vertical connection plate of the L-shaped electrical connection plate is connected to the second electrical connection plate, and a horizontal connection plate of the L-shaped electrical connection plate is used to connect to the electrical connector.

22. A large-capacity battery, comprising a shell, a plurality of single cells and a pole adapter; the plurality of single cells are placed side by side in the shell, the bottom plate of the shell is provided with an electrolyte sharing chamber, the electrolyte sharing chamber is connected with the electrolyte area of ​​the inner cavity of each single cell; a pole avoidance hole is provided on the top plate of the shell corresponding to the single cell pole of each single cell; each single cell pole is connected to the pole adapter through the pole avoidance hole; an annular gap is formed between the pole avoidance hole and each single cell pole, or the pole avoidance hole and the pole adapter, or the pole avoidance hole and the single cell pole and the pole adapter; characterized in that: The annular gap is filled with an insulating sealant layer.

23. The large capacity battery according to claim 22, characterized in that: It also includes an elastic retaining rubber ring; the elastic retaining rubber ring is sleeved on each single cell pole, the lower end of the elastic retaining rubber ring is in close contact with the upper cover plate of the single cell, and the upper end of the elastic retaining rubber ring is in close contact with the inner surface of the top plate of the shell.

24. The large capacity battery according to claim 23, characterized in that: The lower end of the elastic retaining rubber ring is bonded to the upper cover plate of the single battery.

25. The large capacity battery according to claim 23, characterized in that: An annular notch is provided at the upper end of the elastic retaining rubber ring, so that the upper end of the elastic retaining rubber ring forms a first mating surface and a second mating surface, wherein the first mating surface is in close contact with the lower surface of the shell top plate, and the second mating surface is in close contact with the hole wall of the corresponding pole avoidance hole close to one end of the single cell upper cover plate.

26. The large capacity battery according to claim 25, characterized in that: A first annular groove is provided on the hole wall of the pole avoidance hole along the circumference of the pole avoidance hole.

27. The large capacity battery according to any one of claims 22 to 26, characterized in that: The pole adapter includes a pole adapter body and an electrical connection column arranged on the pole adapter body; the electrical connection column extends into the pole avoidance hole and is connected to the single battery pole located in the inner cavity of the shell; a second annular groove is provided on the electrical connection column along the circumference of the electrical connection column.

28. The large capacity battery according to any one of claims 22 to 26, characterized in that: The single cell pole extends into the pole avoidance hole and is connected to the pole adapter located outside the shell; a second annular groove is provided on the single cell pole along its circumference.

29. The large capacity battery according to any one of claims 22 to 26, characterized in that: The pole adapter includes a pole adapter body and an electrical connection column arranged on the pole adapter body; the electrical connection column extends into the pole avoidance hole and is connected to the single cell pole located in the pole avoidance hole; a second annular groove is provided on the electrical connection column along its circumference; a second annular groove is provided on the single cell pole along its circumference.

30. The large capacity battery according to any one of claims 22 to 26, characterized in that: A gas chamber is arranged on the top plate of the housing.

31. A large capacity battery, characterized in that: It includes a housing and n single cells arranged side by side in the housing; Wherein n is an integer greater than 1; the inner cavity of the shell is connected to the inner cavities of all single cells; a pole avoidance hole is opened on the top plate of the shell corresponding to the polarity terminal of each single cell; each single cell polarity terminal extends out of the corresponding pole avoidance hole, and the top plate area of ​​the shell corresponding to the pole avoidance hole is fixedly sealed with the single cell shell; a first insulating sealant layer is provided in the gap between the single cell polarity terminal and the pole avoidance hole, wherein the first insulating sealant layer is an insulating sealant layer with a temperature resistance higher than the temperature of the thermal runaway flue gas.

32. The large capacity battery according to claim 31, characterized in that: It also includes a heat transfer tube; a heat transfer tube clamping portion is provided at the position where the polarity terminal of the single battery extends out of the pole avoidance hole; and the heat transfer tube is fixed in the heat transfer tube clamping portion.

33. The large capacity battery according to claim 32, characterized in that: The heat transfer tube clamping portion is a through hole or a through groove provided on the polarity terminal of the single battery.

34. The large capacity battery according to claim 32, characterized in that: The heat transfer tube is a liquid cooling tube, which includes a liquid cooling tube body and a liquid inlet end and a liquid outlet end of the liquid cooling tube; a second insulating sealant layer is laid on the top plate of the outer shell; the electrical connection parts of the polarity terminals of each single battery extend out of the second insulating sealant layer, the liquid cooling tube body is located in the second insulating sealant layer, and the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the liquid cooling tube extend out of the second insulating sealant layer.

35. The large capacity battery according to claim 34, characterized in that: The second insulating sealant layer is a potting glue layer with a temperature resistance lower than 320°C.

36. The large capacity battery according to claim 34, characterized in that: It also includes an insulating protective cover, which is arranged on the top of the shell of the large-capacity battery, and the polarity terminals of each single battery are located in the insulating protective cover; the length direction of the shell is defined as the x direction, the width direction is the y direction, and the height direction is the z direction; a channel for the extension of the heat transfer pipe is provided on the side wall of the insulating protective cover; slits are provided on the two side walls of the insulating protective cover parallel to the xz plane, and the electrical connection parts of the polarity terminals of each single battery are connected to the electrical connector through the slits.

37. The large capacity battery according to claim 36, characterized in that: The insulating protective cover includes an insulating frame and an insulating cover; the lower end of the insulating frame is fixed to the top of the large-capacity battery; the upper end of the insulating frame is buckled and installed with the insulating cover; a notch is opened at the upper end of the side wall of the insulating frame parallel to the xz plane, and the notch cooperates with the insulating cover to form a slit.

38. The large capacity battery according to claim 31, characterized in that: The first insulating sealant layer is an epoxy resin potting layer with a temperature resistance higher than 320°C.

39. The large capacity battery according to claim 31, characterized in that: It also includes 2n sealing connectors; each sealing connector corresponds to a polarity terminal; the sealing connector is a hollow component, one end of the hollow component is sealed and connected to the area around the corresponding polarity terminal on the single battery shell, and the other end of the hollow component is sealed and connected to the top plate area of ​​the shell corresponding to the corresponding pole avoidance hole; the first insulating sealant layer is located in the gap between the sealing connector and the polarity terminal.

40. An energy storage device, characterized in that: It comprises a box body, an explosion-proof manifold, and a plurality of large-capacity batteries as described in any one of claims 31 to 39 located in the box body; the explosion-proof manifolds of the large-capacity batteries are connected to the explosion-proof manifold, and the outlet end of the explosion-proof manifold extends out of the box body.

41. A method for sealing a large-capacity battery by injecting glue, characterized in that: The large-capacity battery comprises a shell, a plurality of single cells and a pole adapter; the plurality of single cells are placed in parallel in the shell, the bottom plate of the shell is provided with an electrolyte sharing chamber, the electrolyte sharing chamber is connected with the electrolyte area of ​​the inner cavity of each single cell; the top plate of the shell is provided with pole avoidance holes corresponding to the poles of each single cell; the steps include: Welding initial seal: Weld the top plate area of ​​the housing around the pole avoidance hole and the upper cover plate of the single battery to achieve preliminary sealing; Secondary sealing by glue injection: A glue injection mold is sleeved on the main body of the pole adapter, and a glue injection space is formed between the glue injection mold, the pole adapter, the single cell pole, the single cell upper cover plate in the welding track, and the shell top plate; and glue is injected into the glue injection space to achieve secondary sealing; Demoulding: After the glue layer is cured, the glue injection mold is removed.

42. The large capacity battery glue injection sealing method according to claim 41, characterized in that: Glue is injected into the glue injection space through a glue injection channel opened on the pole adapter.

43. A pole adapter for a large-capacity battery, comprising a pole adapter body; characterized in that: At least one glue injection channel is provided on the pole adapter body; the glue injection channel is a through hole penetrating the pole adapter body and used to communicate with the glue injection space.

44. The large-capacity battery pole adapter according to claim 43, characterized in that: Also included is an electrical connection post fixed on the pole adapter body and protruding from the pole adapter body; A blind hole is provided on the pole adapter body, and each electrical connection column is connected to the single cell pole through the blind hole.

45. The large-capacity battery pole adapter according to claim 44, characterized in that: The pole adapter body is provided with a through slot for installing the heat transfer tube, and the size of the through slot is adapted to the heat transfer tube.

46. ​​A glue injection mold for large-capacity batteries, characterized in that: It comprises an annular rubber baffle plate, the shape of which is adapted to the pole adapter body and is used for being sleeved on the pole adapter body, and the inner wall of the annular rubber baffle plate is in close contact with the outer wall of the pole adapter body.

47. The large capacity battery injection mold according to claim 46, characterized in that: It also includes an annular support plate; the annular support plate is arranged on the outer side of the lower end of the annular rubber baffle plate and extends circumferentially along the annular rubber baffle plate.

48. The large capacity battery injection mold according to claim 46 or 47, characterized in that: The material of the annular rubber baffle is PP material.

49. The large capacity battery injection mold according to claim 48, characterized in that: The annular rubber baffle plate is a split component, comprising a first semi-annular rubber baffle plate and a second semi-annular rubber baffle plate which are symmetrical to each other.

50. The large capacity battery injection mold according to claim 49, characterized in that: A first plate and a second plate are respectively disposed at two ends of the first semi-annular rubber baffle plate; a third plate and a fourth plate are respectively disposed at two ends of the second semi-annular rubber baffle plate; The first plate and the third plate cooperate with each other, and the second plate and the fourth plate cooperate with each other, so that the first semi-annular rubber baffle plate and the second semi-annular rubber baffle plate are buckled to form the annular rubber baffle plate.

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