Solid bowl centrifuge

Abstract

Proposed is a solid bowl centrifuge (1) for the centrifugal processing of a suspension Su, wherein the suspension Su is separated into three or more phases, and the solid bowl centrifuge has at least the following features: a frame and / or a housing (100); a drum (210) which is rotatable relative to the frame or housing (100), has an axis of rotation A, and has an inner separation space (216), wherein the drum (210) has a doubly conical inner contour (213); a feed line (219) through which the suspension Su to be processed can be conducted into the separation space (216) of the drum (210); at least one liquid outlet (212) through which a light liquid phase Fl is discharged from the drum (210); at least one outlet (211) through which a still-flowable sludge phase Sp is discharged from the drum (210); and an insert (230) which is inserted into the drum (210) and is connected to the drum (210) for conjoint rotation, wherein the insert (230) has a singly conical or doubly conical outer contour (231), and the separation space (216) is formed at least in portions between the insert (230) and the drum (210); wherein the drum (210) has at least one further outlet (240, 252) through which a third phase (Fe, Zw) can be discharged from the drum (210).

Description

[0001] Solid bowl centrifuge

[0002] The invention relates to a solid bowl centrifuge according to the preamble of claim 1.

[0003] In a solid-bowl screw centrifuge, during centrifugal separation of a suspension in a centrifugal field, a heavy phase—often a still-flowing sludge phase—collects on the inner circumference of the centrifuge bowl. The still-flowing sludge phase is transported by a screw from the cylindrical portion of the bowl into the conical portion and then further to the discharge openings at the end of a conical section of the bowl.

[0004] For this purpose, the screw is driven at a speed differential to the drum, so that the screw impeller mechanically pushes the still-flowing sludge phase toward the discharge openings. The screw is mounted in the drum. The magnitude of the differential speed and the pitch of the screw impeller influence the speed at which the still-flowing sludge phase is transported to the discharge openings.

[0005] One or possibly two (differently dense) liquid phases, however, flow in the drum to its opposite axial end and are discharged there through one or two liquid outlets.

[0006] This design of a solid-bowl screw centrifuge has proven itself in practice for many years, but the production of the screw, especially the screw flight, is complex and therefore expensive. Furthermore, the screw must be mounted so that it can rotate within the bowl. The centrifuge drive must also be designed so that the bowl and the screw are driven separately, so that the screw has a different speed than the bowl during centrifuge operation.

[0007] The object of the invention is to provide a solid bowl centrifuge which has advantageous separation properties - preferably similar to those of a conventional solid bowl screw centrifuge - but the transport of the heavy phase takes place with fewer rotating components.

[0008] The invention solves this problem by the subject matter of claim 1. Accordingly, a solid bowl centrifuge is created for the centrifugal processing of a suspension Su, wherein the suspension is separated into three or more phases, and the solid bowl centrifuge has at least the following features: a frame and / or a housing, a drum rotatable relative to the frame or housing with a rotation axis, which has an inner separation space, wherein the drum has a double-conical inner contour, an inlet line through which the suspension Su to be processed can be guided into the separation space of the drum, at least one liquid discharge through which a light liquid phase is discharged from the drum, at least one discharge through which a still flowable sludge phase is discharged from the drum, an insert which is inserted into the drum and which is connected to the drum in a rotationally fixed manner, wherein the insert has a conical,in particular has a single-conical or double-conical outer contour and wherein the separation space is formed at least in sections between the insert and the drum, wherein the drum has at least one further discharge through which a third phase can be discharged from the drum.

[0009] According to claim 1, a rotating screw can be surprisingly easily dispensed with, requiring only a drive for the bowl. Any additional screw drive can be eliminated. This creates a solid-bowl centrifuge that has advantageous separation properties similar to those of a conventional solid-bowl screw centrifuge, but is more cost-effective to manufacture.

[0010] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the solid-bowl centrifuge has (only) different discharges or outlets for the still-flowing sludge phase Sp, the liquid phase, and a solid phase. Alternatively, the solid-bowl centrifuge can have (only) different discharges or outlets for the still-flowing sludge phase, the liquid phase, and a liquid intermediate phase. This advantageously allows three phases to be separated from one another in a screwless solid-bowl centrifuge.

[0011] Optionally, according to a further particularly preferred embodiment, the solid-bowl centrifuge can also have four different outlets for four different phases. In this context, the solid-bowl centrifuge can have different outlets for the still-flowing sludge phase, the liquid phase, the intermediate phase, and the solid phase. This means that even four phases can be obtained separately in one centrifugal separation process. The three or more phases into which the suspension is separated preferably all have different densities. Preferably, the "light" or least dense phase is the liquid phase, the next denser phase is the liquid intermediate phase, the next denser phase is the still-flowing sludge phase, and the densest phase is the solid phase.

[0012] It is advantageous and practical if a first conical section of the separation chamber contains the inlet for the suspension, the outlet for the light liquid phase, and the outlet for the liquid intermediate phase. This creates defined flow directions for the liquid phases and for the still-flowing sludge phase in the centrifuge bowl, even without a screw conveying the sludge phase.

[0013] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the drum has the solids discharge for the solid phase in the region of its largest diameter. The solid phase may, in particular, also contain lumpy solids, which may, under certain circumstances, clog a constriction between the drum and the insert—where the constriction is preferably located in the region of the largest diameter of the drum. This is undesirable and can be advantageously prevented by the solids discharge for the solid phase.

[0014] According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the solids discharge for the solid phase is equipped with an outlet system that supports continuous or discontinuous emptying. The continuous or discontinuous operation of the outlet system advantageously allows for flexible, timely solids discharge and thus meets requirements.

[0015] Furthermore, in a further advantageous embodiment, the outlet system can be actuated according to an electrical operating principle, wherein the outlet system for the solids discharge has one or more outlet valves distributed around the circumference of the drum, which are preferably designed as solenoid valves. This creates an outlet system that can be implemented without fluidic or mechanical actuation. Alternatively, other outlet systems—for example, with a fluid-operated valve—are also conceivable.

[0016] It can preferably be provided that the drum diameter tapers continuously or in sections in a first conical section from a maximum inner diameter to the liquid discharge and continuously or in sections in a second conical section from the maximum inner diameter to the discharge for the still flowable sludge phase.

[0017] The terms "conical sections" as well as "conical inner contour" and "conical outer contour" encompass a completely conical configuration, but also a conical configuration of the corresponding section or contour area that is at least partially conical, in particular over more than 50%, in particular more than 80% of the axial length. The cone angle can be constant in each case, but it can also vary. The conical sections can, for example, transition into cylindrical, tubular sections at their ends.

[0018] It is advantageous and practical if the maximum outer diameter d of the insert is smaller than the maximum inner diameter D of the drum, thereby creating a constriction in the separation space between the insert and the drum. With such a design, the flow conditions in the drum can be particularly advantageously influenced to optimize the centrifugal separation process.

[0019] However, the first conical section of the insert can also be designed as an inner cone of the insert and the second conical section as an outer cone of the insert.

[0020] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that a cross-sectional plane of the maximum outer diameter of the insert coincides with a cross-sectional plane of the maximum inner diameter of the inner contour of the drum at the constriction.

[0021] According to a further, particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the constriction is formed by an annular gap. By designing the constriction as an annular gap, the width of the constriction can be easily adjusted by appropriate design measures.

[0022] Thus, according to another particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, a ring weir disc, in particular a replaceable ring weir disc, can be arranged at the constriction, which can extend radially from the inside of the insert outward into the separation chamber. By replacing a ring weir disc with one of a different diameter, the maximum outer diameter of the insert can be changed. The replaceable weir disc allows for the option of a variable gap width or width of the constriction to be implemented in a structurally simple manner.

[0023] The drum can also have a single-conical or double-conical design on the outside, which is advantageous in terms of manufacturing but not absolutely necessary in terms of functionality. Preferably, the drum is rotatable by a drive motor, in particular an electric motor or hydraulic motor, and is rotated during operation.

[0024] Furthermore, according to another particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the cone angle α of the first conical section can be 3 to 45° and the cone angle β of the second conical section can be 3 to 45°. This allows the geometry of the drum to be optimally adapted to the respective requirements for separating the suspension Su.

[0025] According to a further particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, it can then be provided that a first, liquid discharge-side end - in particular a conical tip - of the insert is arranged axially in a region of the first conical section of the inner contour of the drum or which corresponds to an axial extent between 0 and 80% of the length L1 of the first conical section of the inner contour of the drum. The conical end of the insert can also be rounded or flattened, resulting in a virtual conical tip - a virtual zero point of the conical outer surface of the insert. This also allows the geometry of the insert to be very well adapted to the respective requirements for separating the suspension.Then, according to a further particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that a second, solids discharge-side end - in particular a conical tip - of the insert lies axially in a region of the second conical section of the inner contour of the drum, which corresponds to an axial extension between 0 and 80% of the length L2 of the second conical section of the inner contour of the drum. In this way, too, the geometry of the insert can be very well adapted to the respective requirements for separating the suspension, for example by selecting the cone geometry of the insert such that the cross-sectional area of ​​the channel between the insert and the inner contour of the drum remains essentially constant over the length L2. In this way, the heavy phase is not further compressed on the way to the solids discharge. The basis for dimensioning the length of the insert is the cross-sectional plane of the insert with the largest diameter d of the insert.This creates an easily implementable design specification for modifying the insert geometry. In a further particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, a conical tip of a first conical section of the insert is oriented in the direction of the outflow of the still flowable sludge phase Sp and thus points toward an interior space formed by the second conical section of the insert. This has the advantage that the incoming suspension Su is better redirected into a (still to be explained, optional) separating disk package. Furthermore, the design of the bowl and thus of the solid-bowl centrifuge as a whole can be more compact, since the first conical section of the insert forms a type of cavity that would otherwise remain unused.

[0026] According to a further, particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the insert is connected to the drum in a rotationally fixed manner via one or more, in particular, substantially radially extending or connecting connecting spokes. The connecting spokes create a type of rotationally fixed connection of the insert to the drum that is easy to implement in terms of production technology and, with a suitable design of the spokes, which a person skilled in the art can determine numerically or experimentally, does not have to significantly influence the flow conditions in the separation chamber of the solid-bowl centrifuge. According to another particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the insert is connected to the drum in a rotationally fixed manner via one or more substantially axially extending connecting elements.

[0027] In a further particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the separation chamber is divided, starting from the maximum inner diameter, into a first separation chamber section (separation zone in the rotor) on the liquid discharge side and a second separation chamber section (drying zone in the rotor) on the discharge side of the still-flowable sludge phase. This advantageously and simply creates another advantageous option for efficient separation of the suspension Su.

[0028] It is preferred that the solid-bowl centrifuge has a control and / or regulating device. The control and / or regulating device can preferably be designed as a control unit of the centrifuge. It can have a microprocessor and a data memory as well as connections to actuators and / or sensors and can preferably also have a data input device and a display. It can be provided with a computer program designed to control and / or regulate the operation of the centrifuge. The control or regulating device can be installed at the location of the centrifuge or at another location. According to a further advantageous embodiment, it can then be provided that a controllable feed pump is provided in the feed line for feeding the suspension Su into the drum, which feed pump can be controlled by the control and / or regulating device.It can also be advantageous to provide a mechanical seal between the feed line and the drum, so that a suitable control of the feed pump can build up inlet pressure in the separation chamber of the drum. This is an advantageous measure for controlling the solid-bowl centrifuge in such a way that it can effectively fulfill its separation task during operation.

[0029] In a further advantageous embodiment, it can then be further provided that the separated light liquid phase is discharged from the first separation chamber section through a non-rotatable first discharge line, which is provided so as to be mechanically sealed with respect to the rotating drum of the solid-bowl centrifuge. It is then advantageous and expedient if a controllable device, in particular a controllable control valve or a controllable positive displacement pump, is arranged in the first discharge line, which can be controlled by the control and / or regulating device such that the pressure in the first discharge line can be changed and adjusted by the controllable device via the control and / or regulating device. This is also an advantageous measure for controlling the solid-bowl centrifuge in such a way that it can effectively fulfill its separation task during operation.

[0030] By means of the controllable device, or preferably the control valve or the positive displacement pump in the first discharge line, both the volume flow and the pressure at which the light liquid phase leaves the separation chamber can advantageously be easily adjusted to the respective requirements. In particular, the pressure in the first discharge line can be easily adjusted so that the pressure in the first separation chamber section is always high enough to force the heavy phase over the maximum diameter of the insert, through the constriction, and possibly also out of the drum.

[0031] In a further advantageous embodiment, it can then be further provided that the discharge of the separated, still flowable sludge phase Sp from the second separation chamber section takes place through a non-rotatable second discharge line, which is provided in a sealed manner with respect to the rotating drum. In this case, a further controllable device, in particular a controllable pump, which is connected to the control and / or regulating device can be arranged in the second discharge line, wherein the pressure in this second discharge line upstream of the pump can be changed and adjusted by controlling the controllable device with the control and / or regulating device. In this way, the pressure in the second separation chamber section of the drum can be adjusted. This is also an advantageous measure for controlling the solid bowl centrifuge in such a way that it can effectively fulfill its separation task during operation.The ability to adjust the pressure in the second discharge line makes it easy to determine the residence time of the solid in the separation chamber.

[0032] According to a further advantageous embodiment, a battery can be arranged on or in the rotor, in particular on the drum, to supply the actuators of the solids discharge outlet system with electrical energy. This creates an energy source that supplies the actuators of the outlet system with the least possible wiring effort.

[0033] In another particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the battery is also used to power a transmitting and / or receiving unit of the rotor, in particular a radio transmitter, especially one that uses a radio standard with a relatively low energy requirement, in order to establish a wireless connection between the control and / or regulating device and the actuators of the solids discharge outlet system. The battery thus creates the prerequisite for simple and therefore advantageous wireless signal transmission to or from the actuators.

[0034] In a further advantageous embodiment, it can further be provided that the discharge of the separated liquid intermediate phase Zw from the first separation chamber section takes place through a non-rotatable third discharge line, which is provided in a sealed manner with respect to the rotating drum. In this case, a further controllable device, in particular a controllable control valve or a controllable positive displacement pump, which is connected to the control and / or regulating device, can be arranged in the third discharge line, wherein the pressure in this third discharge line upstream of the pump can be changed and adjusted by controlling the controllable device with the control and / or regulating device. In this way, the pressure in the first separation chamber section of the drum can be adjusted. This is also an advantageous measure for controlling the solid bowl centrifuge in such a way that it can effectively fulfill its separation task during operation.

[0035] In another particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the pump in the third drain line is designed as a positive displacement pump. This advantageously makes the pump self-priming and, due to its design, can be used to build up pressure in the third drain line.

[0036] In another particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, a plate pack can be arranged in the drum concentrically to the inlet line, through which the light liquid phase can be guided radially inward into the liquid discharge channel for the light liquid phase. The separating plate pack makes it possible to further separate the light liquid phase from solids.

[0037] The first conical section can also be designed as an inner cone of the insert. The first separation chamber section is then also designed as a double cone, which optimizes the flow to the disk stack, especially when using a disk stack.

[0038] According to a further particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, it can additionally be provided that the separating plate package has a separating plate, via which a liquid intermediate phase can be discharged if the suspension can be clarified not only from a sludge phase and possibly solids, but can be separated as a liquid mixture into liquid phases of different densities such as water and oil.

[0039] The invention also provides a method for the centrifugal processing of a suspension Su with a solid bowl centrifuge according to one of claims 1 to 43, in which the suspension Su is separated into at least one light liquid phase and one heavy phase, in particular a still flowable sludge phase, comprising the following steps:

[0040] - Prepare the solid bowl centrifuge and rotate the drum,

[0041] - Introducing the suspension Su to be processed into the separation chamber of the drum with a feed pump through the feed line so that pressure is built up in the separation chamber,

[0042] - Separation of the suspension in the separation chamber into a light liquid phase and a still flowable sludge phase,

[0043] - Discharge of the separated light liquid phase from the first separation chamber section through the first discharge line, which is sealed from the housing and the bowl shell of the solid bowl centrifuge,

[0044] - Discharge of the separated, still flowable sludge phase from the second separation chamber section through the second discharge line, which is sealed against the housing and the bowl shell of the solid bowl centrifuge, and

[0045] - Discharge of one or two further phases comprising a liquid intermediate phase and / or a solid phase through a further liquid discharge and / or a solid discharge from the drum.

[0046] According to a preferred embodiment, the discharge pressure of the light liquid phase is regulated with the control valve in the first discharge line to a value which is large enough to press the still flowable sludge phase over the constriction and out of the drum.

[0047] According to a preferred embodiment, a drain pressure of between 1 and 6 bar is set in the first drain line.

[0048] Preferably, according to a preferred embodiment, a drain pressure in a range of -1 to +1 bar is set in the second drain line.

[0049] According to a preferred embodiment, the drum is rotated in such a way that in the region of the largest diameter of the drum the radial acceleration during operation, ie at operating speed, is between 1000 g and 7000 g.

[0050] Preferably, the pressure in the inlet is adjusted with the inlet pump so that the hydrostatic pressure in the separation chamber is overcome in order to feed the suspension into it.

[0051] And preferably during operation, the control of the controllable devices and the feed pump are selected such that the hydrostatic pressure of the light liquid phase, which is located in the rotating drum on a smaller diameter in the separation chamber due to its lower density compared to the still flowable sludge phase, is greater than the counterpressure acting on the still flowable sludge phase Sp - which is located in the rotating drum on a larger diameter in the separation chamber - in order to hydraulically convey the sludge phase in the direction of the solids discharge.

[0052] Further advantageous embodiments of the invention can be found in the subclaims.

[0053] The invention is described in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments and the drawings. Features described in connection with these exemplary embodiments can also be used in other—not shown—embodiments of the invention and are therefore also usable as features in claims. They show:

[0054] Figure 1: a schematic view in section of a solid bowl centrifuge according to the invention with a horizontal axis of rotation,

[0055] Figure 2: a schematic view in section of another embodiment of a rotor of a solid bowl centrifuge according to the invention with a horizontal axis of rotation,

[0056] Figure 3: a schematic sectional view of a third embodiment of a rotor of a solid bowl centrifuge according to the invention with a horizontal axis of rotation.

[0057] Figure 4: a schematic sectional view of a fourth embodiment of a rotor of a solid bowl centrifuge according to the invention with a horizontal axis of rotation.

[0058] The following description of the figures describes several embodiments of a solid-bowl centrifuge. Features of these embodiments are suitable not only as a whole, but also individually for further developing the subject matter described in one or more of the main and subordinate claims.

[0059] Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a solid-bowl centrifuge 1 for processing a product or suspension Su in a centrifugal field. This centrifuge comprises a housing 100 that does not rotate during operation and a rotor 200 that rotates or rotates during operation, with a drum 210. The drum 210 is designed as a solid-bowl drum.

[0060] The drum 210 is preferably set in rotation by a single drive device 400. The drive device 400 is preferably embodied as an electric motor. However, it can also be embodied differently, e.g., as a hydraulic motor. The drive device 400 is coupled to the drum 210 via a belt drive 401 or directly. Optionally, the drive device 400 can have a gear (not shown here). The drum 210 is rotatably mounted in the frame and here also in the housing 100 by bearings 402, 403. The drum 210 can preferably have a horizontal axis of rotation A. However, the axis of rotation A can also be oriented differently in space—in particular vertically. The drum 210 is made of a metallic material, preferably steel.

[0061] In the drum 210 rotating during operation of the solid bowl centrifuge 1, at least one incoming suspension Su is separated into at least three phases in a separation chamber 216.

[0062] In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, this involves a still-flowing sludge phase Sp, a liquid phase Fl, and a solid phase Fe, which may, in particular, also contain lumpy solids. Accordingly, the solid-bowl centrifuge 1 in Fig. 1 has an inlet 217 for the suspension Su, an outlet 211 for the still-flowing sludge phase Sp, a solids outlet 240 for the solid phase Fe, and a liquid outlet 212.

[0063] The drum 210 here has a double-conical inner contour 213. The drum diameter thus tapers in a first conical section 214 from a maximum inner diameter D—relative to the inner contour 213 of the drum 210—in the axial direction toward the liquid discharge 212, and in a second conical section 215 from the maximum inner diameter D toward the discharge 211 of the liquid sludge phase Sp.

[0064] The cone angle α of the first conical section 214 with length L1 can preferably be between 3° and 45°. The cone angle β of the second conical section 215 with length L2 can then preferably be between 3° and 45°.

[0065] According to the embodiment shown, it can also be provided that a > ß.

[0066] The drum 210 can also be configured with a double conical shape on the outside. This makes it particularly easy to manufacture. The drum 210 can also have a cylindrical, tubular section / attachment at one or both ends.

[0067] Instead of a rotatable screw, an insert 230 is inserted into the drum 210, which can be connected to the drum 210 in a rotationally fixed manner via connecting spokes 2351, 2352. The insert 230 thus rotates synchronously with the drum 210. The insert 230 can also be connected to the drum 210 in a rotationally fixed manner directly or indirectly via other means. This will be explained in more detail below using another exemplary embodiment with reference to Fig. 4.

[0068] The solid bowl centrifuge 1 is thus designed without screws or has no screw that can rotate relative to the bowl during operation.

[0069] Therefore, mounting the insert 230 in the bowl 210—similar to a screw—as in conventional solid-bowl screw centrifuges is not necessary. A drive for the screw or a gear to generate a differential speed between the bowl 210 and the screw is also not required.

[0070] According to preferred embodiments, the insert 230 can have an outer contour 231 that is simply conical on one side only or—as shown in Fig. 1—a double-conical outer contour 231 that extends from a maximum outer diameter d in opposite directions. The maximum outer diameter d of the insert 230 is smaller than the maximum inner diameter D of the drum 210. According to Fig. 1, it is thus provided that the insert 230 is conical or cone-tip-like in two opposite directions, starting from a largest diameter d. Thus, two conical sections 233, 234 are formed.

[0071] The (outer) cone angles of these two conical sections 233, 234 of the insert are each greater than or equal to the corresponding cone angles α and β.

[0072] In the embodiment of Fig. 1, the conical tip of the first conical section 233 of the insert 230 on the liquid discharge side lies axially on a length of the first conical section 214 of the inner contour 213 of the drum 210, which corresponds to 0 to 80% of the total length L1 of the first conical section 214 of the inner contour of the drum 210. A second conical tip, which faces the discharge 211 of the still flowable sludge phase Sp, of the second conical section 234 of the insert 230, however, lies axially on a length that corresponds to up to 0 to 80% of the length L2 of the second section 215 of the inner contour of the drum 210. It can also be provided that the second section 234 has a radial base wall and that no first section 233 is provided (single conical insert).

[0073] The cross-sectional plane of the insert 230 with the largest diameter d (and, on the other hand, the respective cone apex) is chosen as the basis for the length dimensioning of sections 233, 234 of the insert 230. The insert 230 forms a separation space 216 between the outer contour 231 of the insert 230 and the inner contour 213 of the drum 210.

[0074] The cross-sectional plane of the maximum outer diameter d of the insert 230 coincides here with the cross-sectional plane of the maximum diameter D of the inner contour 213 of the drum 210, forming a constriction 226 in the separation chamber 216. The constriction 226 is thus designed as an annular gap. A replaceable weir disk 232 can be attached to the maximum outer diameter d of the insert 230, so that the maximum outer diameter d of the insert 230 and thus the width of the constriction 226 and the annular gap can be changed. An annular gap height corresponding to 2% to 20% of the diameter D has proven advantageous.

[0075] The separation chamber 216 is divided, starting from the maximum diameter D of the inner contour 213 of the drum 210, into a first separation chamber section 2161 on the side of the liquid discharge 212 and a second separation chamber section 2162 on the side of the discharge 211 of the still flowable sludge phase Sp. The first separation chamber section 2161 is in fluid connection with an inlet 217 of the suspension Su into the drum 210 and with the liquid discharge 212 of the light liquid phase Fl. The second separation chamber section 2162 is in fluid connection with the discharge 211 of the still flowable sludge phase Sp.

[0076] The suspension Su is fed into the drum 210 by means of a feed pump 218 connected to a feed line 219. The feed line 219 is sealed from the housing 100 and the drum shell of the solid-bowl centrifuge 1, so that the feed pump 218 can build up an inlet pressure in the separation chamber 216 of the drum 210. This feed pump 218 can be connected to a control and / or regulating device 300 via a further connecting section. The feed line 219 can extend relatively far into the first conical section 214 and extend over more than 50% of the length L1. The feed line 219 can be designed as a tube. This can be designed as a stationary tube that does not rotate during operation.

[0077] At least one liquid outlet 212 is provided for discharging the separated light liquid phase Fl from the first separation chamber section 2161. This outlet can have a cylindrical liquid outlet channel 2121 that is concentric with the inlet line 219 and can extend virtually as an extension of the first conical section 214. The liquid outlet 212 also has a non-rotating first outlet line 220. This outlet line can be sealed from the housing 100 and the bowl shell of the solid-bowl centrifuge 1. The pipe section 2141, which is concentric with the inlet line 219 and can extend virtually as an extension of the first conical section 214, can open into this outlet line 220. This concentric liquid discharge channel 2121 rotates during operation of the solid bowl centrifuge 1. It can be sealed against the discharge line 220 with a seal 225, which can be designed as a mechanical seal.In the area of ​​the pipe section 2141, one bearing 403 can also be provided.

[0078] As shown in Fig. 1, a control valve 221 or, alternatively, a positive displacement pump (not shown here) can be arranged in the first drain line 220. This control valve 221 or the positive displacement pump can be connected to the control and / or regulating device 300 via a wired or wireless connection. Through suitable control, the pressure in the first drain line 220 can be adjusted by the control and / or regulating device 300. This drain pressure is preferably set / regulated within a range of 1 to 6 bar.

[0079] The separated, still-flowable sludge phase Sp is discharged from the second separation chamber section 2162 through the discharge 211. This can be provided as an axial extension of the second conical section 215. The second conical section 215 can open into a second tubular (here partially conical and then cylindrical) discharge line 222. This second discharge line 222 can be designed as a pipe that is stationary during operation and does not rotate with the drum 210. This pipe can be sealed against the second conical section 215 of the drum 210. For this purpose, a seal 224 can be provided, which can be designed as a mechanical seal.

[0080] A pump 223 can be arranged in the second drain line 222. This pump can be connected to the control and / or regulating device 300 via a connecting line. It is provided that by controlling the pump 223, the pressure in this second drain line 222 can be adjusted by the control and / or regulating device 300. This pump 223 can be connected to a control and / or regulating device 300 via a further connecting line. The drain pressure is typically controlled or regulated within a range of -1 to +1 bar. The pump 223 is preferably designed as a positive displacement pump. The respective connecting lines (shown in dashed lines) can be configured as wireless or wired connecting lines or connecting data channels or the like. They can allow energy and / or data transmission.

[0081] A negative discharge pressure means that the speed of pump 223 in the discharge 211 is set such that the discharge of the still flowable sludge phase Sp is supported, i.e., pump 223 sucks the still flowable sludge phase Sp out of the solid bowl centrifuge 1. A positive counterpressure means that the speed of pump 223 is set such that the discharge of the still flowable sludge phase Sp is slowed down, i.e., pump 223 delays the discharge of the still flowable sludge phase Sp from the solid bowl centrifuge 1 and thus extends its residence time in the solid bowl centrifuge 1. This has the great advantage that the degree of drying of the sludge phase Sp can be easily influenced.

[0082] The sludge phase Sp may in particular also contain solids (which is also referred to here as solid phase Fe), which may accumulate in the area of ​​the largest inner diameter in a type of solids collection chamber and may even, under certain circumstances, clog the constriction 226 between the drum 210 and the insert 230, which is undesirable and can be prevented by the solids discharge 240 for the solids phase Fe.

[0083] The solids discharge 240 for the solid phase Fe can be equipped with an outlet system 241 that supports continuous or discontinuous discharge. Discontinuous discharge can be time-controlled or triggered by a suitable sensor or calculation.

[0084] The outlet system 241 is preferably actuated according to an electrical principle. The outlet system 241 of the solids discharge 240 can have one or more outlet valves (not shown here, see Fig. 3) distributed around the drum, which are preferably designed as solenoid valves. Electrical energy is required for actuation. Such outlet valves thus constitute a consumer in the form of an actuator.

[0085] To supply the consumers with energy, a battery (not shown here) can preferably be arranged on or in the rotor 200, in particular on the drum 210. The term "battery" refers to an electrochemical storage device for electrical energy. The battery is preferably designed as a rechargeable battery, i.e., an accumulator. However, the battery can also be designed as a non-rechargeable battery. The battery can thus be used to supply one or more consumers.

[0086] The battery can also be used, in particular, to supply power to a transmitting and / or receiving unit (not shown here) of the rotor 200, in particular a radio transmitter, especially one that uses a radio standard with a relatively low energy requirement, in order to thus form a wireless connection between the control and / or regulating device 300 and the exhaust valves. Alternatively, this connection can also be implemented via a cable, for example, with a rotary union.

[0087] Alternatively, the outlet system 241 of the solids discharge 240 can also operate according to a mechanical or fluidic operating principle (e.g. in the manner of a piston valve).

[0088] During operation of the solid-bowl centrifuge 1, the suspension Su is first fed (pumped) into the separation chamber. Depending on the throughput and composition of the suspension Su, the pressure of the feed pump can be between 1 and 6 bar. The suspension Su then rotates with the bowl 210. The design can further be such that the radial acceleration during operation, i.e., at operating speed, in the region of the largest diameter D of the bowl 210 is between 1000 g and 7000 g. The suspension Su is now cleared of solids.

[0089] The resulting sludge phase Sp, which is still flowable, is thrown to the largest diameter D in the separation chamber 216 by the centrifugal forces acting on it, while the further resulting lighter liquid phase Fl (or the clarified suspension) remains in the area of ​​smaller diameters of the drum 210.

[0090] Due to the pumped-in suspension Su in the inlet 217, the constriction 226 acting as a throttle, the centrifugal force acting in the rotating drum 210, and the throttling by the control valve 221, a hydraulic pressure is built up in the liquid phase Fl in the separation chamber 216. The counterpressure in the discharge 211 of the still flowable sludge phase Sp is relatively low compared to the pressure in the discharge 211, so that it is pressed towards the discharge 211 via the replaceable weir disk 232.

[0091] If the suspension Su contains lumpy solids Fe that could clog the constriction 216 between the bowl 210 and the insert 230, which impairs the operation of the solid-bowl centrifuge and is therefore undesirable, such solids can be discharged as the solid phase Fe via the solids discharge 240 from the bowl 210 through the outlet system 241. The solids discharge 240 for the solid phase Fe is therefore preferably arranged in the region of the largest diameter D of the bowl 210 or in the region of the constriction 226. The outlet system 241 preferably operates discontinuously. Alternatively, the outlet system 241 can also operate continuously.

[0092] The still-flowing sludge phase Sp is forced through the constriction 226 from the rotating drum 210 into the stationary second discharge line 222 or into the pump 223. The connection between the drum 210 and the second discharge line 222 is sealed by a seal 224. The seal 224 can be designed as a mechanical seal.

[0093] Since the path out of the drum 210 is blocked by the still flowable sludge phase Sp above the weir disk 232, the only path left for the light liquid phase Fl is in the opposite direction, i.e. in the direction of the liquid discharge 212.

[0094] In the liquid discharge 212, the light liquid phase Fl is forced from the rotating drum 210 into the stationary first discharge line 220. The connection between the drum 210 and the first discharge line 220 is also sealed by a seal 225. The seal 225 can be designed as a mechanical seal.

[0095] With the control valve 221 in the first discharge line 220, the discharge pressure of the light liquid phase Fl can be regulated to a value large enough to force the still-flowing sludge phase Sp over the weir plate 232 and out of the drum 210. This discharge pressure is—as already explained above—typically between 1 and 6 bar.

[0096] The pressure in the separation chamber section 2161 results from the pressure of the feed pump 218, the constriction 226 acting as a throttle, the centrifugal force acting in the rotating drum 210 and the throttling by the control valve 221.

[0097] Thus, the suspension Su rotating in the drum 210 can be separated into at least three phases Sp, Fl, Fe.

[0098] As soon as the hydrostatic pressure of the light liquid phase Fl, which is located in the rotating drum 210 on a smaller diameter in the separation chamber section 2161 due to its lower density compared to the still flowable sludge phase Sp, is greater than the counterpressure exerted on the still flowable sludge phase Sp - which is located in the rotating drum 210 on a larger diameter in the separation chamber 216 - the still flowable sludge phase Sp is conveyed in the direction of the discharge 211 and the pump 223 arranged in the second discharge line 222.

[0099] The pressure of the feed pump 218 for the suspension Su must be adjusted so that the hydrostatic pressure in the separation chamber section 2161 is overcome in order to be able to feed the suspension Su into it.

[0100] Figure 2 shows a further embodiment of an inventive solid-bowl centrifuge 1. To avoid repetition, the following essentially describes deviations and / or additions to the embodiment according to Fig. 1.

[0101] In contrast to the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, the solid-bowl centrifuge 1 shown in Fig. 2 has a separating plate assembly 250. The separating plate assembly 250 is arranged in the drum 210—here in the first separation chamber section 2161 of the drum 210—concentrically to the inlet line 219.

[0102] During operation of the solid-bowl centrifuge 1, the separation disc assembly 250 preferably rotates with the drum (the corresponding rotationally fixed connection is not shown here), through which the light liquid phase Fl is passed. Solids remaining in the light liquid phase Fl are separated between the rotating separation discs. The separation discs are essentially arranged in the discharge area for the light liquid phase. The light liquid phase flows through the gaps between them. This facilitates the separation of further solids. These slide outwards along the underside of the separation discs of the separation disc assembly 250. They can collect in a type of solids collection chamber in the area of ​​the largest inner diameter of the drum 210 and from there be discharged through the solids discharge 240.The lighter liquid phase Fl flows inwards in the separating plate package and then into the liquid discharge channel 2121 for the lighter liquid phase Fl.

[0103] Otherwise, with regard to the function, reference can be made to the descriptions of Fig. 1. On the radial outer side of the separation plate package 250, a separating plate 251 can be provided, which is intended to divert a liquid intermediate phase ZP, which is heavier than the light liquid phase Fl, over a corresponding radius if the suspension contains not only solids, but is also a mixture of two solid phases of different densities, which are separated from one another in the centrifugal field.

[0104] To drain the separated liquid intermediate phase Zw from the first separation chamber section 2161, at least one liquid outlet 252 is provided for this intermediate phase. In this "intermediate phase outlet 252," the liquid intermediate phase Zw is conducted from the rotating drum 210 into a stationary third outlet line 253. The intermediate phase outlet 252 can have a cylindrical liquid discharge channel 2521 that is concentric with the inlet line 219, can extend as an extension of the first conical section 214, and rotates with the drum 210. The liquid discharge channel 2521 is also arranged concentrically with the first liquid discharge channel 2121, from which the liquid phase Fl is led out of the drum 210. The connection between the drum 210 and the third outlet line 253 is also sealed by a seal 254. The seal 254 can be designed as a mechanical seal.

[0105] With a control valve 255 in the third discharge line 253, the discharge pressure of the liquid intermediate phase Zw can be regulated to a value large enough to force the still-flowing sludge phase Sp over the weir plate 232 and out of the drum 210. Instead of the control valve 255, a positive displacement pump can also be installed in the discharge line 253 (not shown here).

[0106] This control valve 255 or the positive displacement pump can be connected to the control and / or regulating device 300 via a wired or wireless connection. Through suitable control, the pressure in the third discharge line 253 can be adjusted by the control and / or regulating device 300. This discharge pressure is preferably set / regulated within a range of 1 to 6 bar.

[0107] Thus, the suspension Su rotating in the drum 210 can be separated into at least three phases Sp, Zw, Fl. Optionally, in the embodiment of the solid-bowl centrifuge 1 according to Fig. 2, additionally separated solids Fe can be removed from the drum 210 via the outlet system 241 of the solids discharge Fe.

[0108] The outlet system 241 can support continuous or intermittent emptying. Discontinuous emptying can be time-controlled or triggered by a suitable sensor or calculation.

[0109] In this case, it is possible that the suspension Su - as shown in Fig. 2 - is separated into four phases Sp, Fe, Zw, Fl.

[0110] Figure 3 shows a further embodiment of an inventive solid-bowl centrifuge 1. To avoid repetition, only deviations and / or additions to the embodiment shown in Fig. 2 are described below.

[0111] In contrast to the exemplary embodiment according to Fig. 2, the solid-bowl centrifuge 1 shown in Fig. 3 has an insert 230 in which the conical tip of the first conical section 233 of the insert 230 is oriented from the region of the largest diameter of the insert 230 in the direction of the outlet 211 of the still flowable sludge phase Sp. The conical tip of the first conical section 233 is thus "virtually" located inside the second conical section 234. The first conical section 233 is accordingly designed as an inner cone of the insert 230. The first separation chamber section is thus designed to be doubly conical. This in turn has the advantage that the incoming suspension Su can be better diverted into the separation plate package 250.Furthermore, the design of the drum 210, and thus of the solid-bowl centrifuge 1, can be made more compact overall, since the first conical section 233 of the insert 230 forms a kind of cavity here, which otherwise remains unused. The flow to the separation disk pack 250 is particularly advantageous through the separation space area 236 thus formed.

[0112] The embodiment of Fig. 4 largely corresponds to that of Fig. 3. However, in contrast to Fig. 3, the insert 230 is not connected radially via connecting spokes 2351, 2352, but rather via one or more axial connecting elements 2353 in a rotationally fixed manner to the drum 210. This also makes it easy to achieve a secure, rotationally fixed connection between the insert and the drum.

[0113] Here, a type of single- or multi-part, tubular distributor is provided as the connecting element 2353, which extends coaxially to the inlet 217 (here a rotationally fixed supply pipe) and which can be fixed at one end to the inner cone of the insert 230. This distributor 2353 can also serve as a plate holder on its outer circumference. It is rotationally fixedly connected to the drum in a manner not shown (the discharge channel shown on its outer circumference does not have to extend completely around the distributor; in this case,

[0114] A corresponding connection can be designed in this area). The inlet pipe can have its outlet in the distributor. The distributor can have a corresponding radial outlet into the interior of the drum 210. It can also be clearly seen that the separating plate 251 (depending on the position of the separation zone between Fl and Zw) can be radially somewhat longer than the separating plates of the plate pack 250.

[0115] List of reference symbols

[0116] 1 solid-bowl centrifuge

[0117] 100 housings

[0118] 200 rotor

[0119] 210 Drum

[0120] 211 discharge

[0121] 212 Liquid discharge

[0122] 2121 Liquid discharge channel

[0123] 213 inner contour

[0124] 214 first section

[0125] 2141 pipe section

[0126] 215 second section

[0127] 216 Separation room

[0128] 2161 first separation space section

[0129] 2162 second separation section

[0130] 217 inlet

[0131] 218 Inlet pump

[0132] 219 Inlet line

[0133] 220 first drain line

[0134] 221 control valve

[0135] 222 second drain line

[0136] 223 Pump

[0137] 224 Seal

[0138] 225 Seal

[0139] 226 bottleneck

[0140] 230 deployment

[0141] 231 Outer contour

[0142] 232 Weir Disc

[0143] Section 233

[0144] Section 234

[0145] 2351 spoke

[0146] 2352 spoke

[0147] 2353 connecting element

[0148] 236 Separation area

[0149] 240 solids discharge

[0150] 241 Outlet system 250 Separator plate package

[0151] 251 cutting plates

[0152] 252 Liquid discharge 2521 Liquid discharge channel

[0153] 253 drain line

[0154] 254 Seal

[0155] 255 control valve

[0156] 300 Control and / or regulating device

[0157] 400 drive device

[0158] 401 Belt drive

[0159] 402 warehouses

[0160] 403 warehouses

[0161] A axis of rotation

[0162] Su Suspension

[0163] Sp Sludge phase Fe Solids Fl Liquid phase Zw Intermediate phase D Diameter d Diameter

[0164] L1 length

[0165] L2 Length a Angle ß Angle

Claims

Claims 1. A solid-bowl centrifuge (1) for centrifugally processing a suspension Su, wherein the suspension Su is separated into three or more phases, the solid-bowl centrifuge having at least the following features: a. a frame and / or a housing (100), b. a drum (210) which is rotatable relative to the frame or housing (100) and has an axis of rotation A, which has an inner separation chamber (216), the drum (210) having a double-conical inner contour (213), c. an inlet line (219) through which the suspension Su to be processed can be guided into the separation chamber (216) of the drum (210), d. at least one liquid discharge (212) through which a light liquid phase Fl is discharged from the drum (210), and e. at least one discharge (211) through which a still flowable sludge phase Sp is discharged from the drum (210), f.an insert (230) which is inserted into the drum (210) and which is connected to the drum (210) in a rotationally fixed manner, wherein the insert (230) has a conical, in particular a single-conical or double-conical outer contour (231), and wherein the separation space (216) is formed at least in sections between the insert (230) and the drum (210), and g. the drum (210) has at least one further discharge (240, 252) through which a third phase (Fe, Zw) can be discharged from the drum (210).

2. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the solid bowl centrifuge (1) has the liquid discharge (212) for the light liquid phase Fl, the discharge (211) for the still flowable sludge phase Sp, and a solids discharge (240) for a solids phase Fe.

3. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the solid bowl centrifuge (1) has the liquid discharge (212) for the light liquid phase Fl, the discharge (211) for the still flowable sludge phase Sp, and a further liquid discharge (252) for a liquid intermediate phase Zw.

4. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the solid bowl centrifuge (1) has four discharges, which comprise discharges (211, 212, 240, 252) for the still flowable sludge phase Sp, the liquid phase Fl, for the intermediate phase Zw and for the solid phase Fe.

5. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a first separation chamber section (2161) of the separation chamber (216) has the inlet (217) of the suspension Su, the liquid outlet (212) for the light liquid phase Fl and the liquid outlet (252) for the liquid intermediate phase Zw.

6. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drum (210) has the solids discharge (240) for the solid phase Fe in the region of its largest diameter D.

7. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a second separation chamber section (2162) of the separation chamber (216) has the discharge (211) for the still flowable sludge phase Sp.

8. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the solids discharge (240) for the solid phase Fe is equipped with an outlet system (241) which allows continuous emptying or discontinuous emptying.

9. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drum diameter tapers continuously or in sections in a first conical section (214) from a maximum inner diameter D to the liquid discharge (212) and in a second conical section (215) from the maximum inner diameter D of the drum (210) to the discharge (211) for the still flowable sludge phase Sp.

10. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a maximum outer diameter d of the insert (230) is smaller than the maximum inner diameter D of the drum (210), whereby an annular gap-like constriction (226) is formed in the separation space (216) between the insert and the drum.

11. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that a cross-sectional plane of the maximum outer diameter d of the insert (230) coincides with a cross-sectional plane of the maximum diameter D of the inner contour (213) of the drum (210) at the constriction (226).

12. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that an annular weir disc (232), in particular a replaceable annular weir disc (232), is arranged at the constriction (226), which extends radially from the inside of the insert (230) outwards into the separation chamber.

13. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cone angle a of the first conical section (214) of the inner contour (213) of the drum is between 3° and 45° and that the cone angle ß of the second conical section (215) of the inner contour (213) is between 3° and 45°.

14. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 13, characterized in that a first, liquid discharge-side end of the first conical section (233) of the insert (230) lies axially in a region of the first conical section (214) of the inner contour (213) of the drum (210) which corresponds to an axial extent between 0 to 80% of the total axial length L1 of the first conical section (214) of the inner contour of the drum (210).

15. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the first conical section (233) of the insert (230) is designed as an inner cone of the insert (230) and that the second conical section (234) is designed as an outer cone of the insert.

16. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a second end, which faces the discharge (211) of the still flowable sludge phase Sp, of the second conical section (234) of the insert (230) lies axially in a region of the second conical section (215) of the inner contour (213) of the drum (210) which corresponds to an axial extent of 0 to 80% of the length L2 of the second conical section (215) corresponds to the inner contour of the drum (210).

17. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the insert (230) is directly connected to the drum (210) in a rotationally fixed manner.

18. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the insert (230) is indirectly connected to the drum (210) in a rotationally fixed manner.

19. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the insert (230) is connected to the drum (210) in a rotationally fixed manner via one or more substantially radial connecting spokes (2351, 2352).

20. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the insert (230) is connected to the drum (210) in a rotationally fixed manner via one or more substantially axial connecting elements (2353).

21. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the separation chamber (216) has, starting from the maximum inner diameter D, a first separation chamber section (2161) on the side of the liquid discharge (212) and a second separation chamber section (2162) on the side of the discharge of the still flowable sludge phase Sp (211).

22. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to claim 21, characterized in that the first separation chamber section (2161) has the inlet (217) and the outlet (212) for the light liquid phase Fl.

23. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that the second separation chamber section (2162) has the discharge for the still flowable sludge phase Sp.

24. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a control and / or regulating device (300).

25. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for feeding the suspension Su into the drum (210) a controllable inlet pump (218) is provided in the inlet line (219), which can be controlled by the control and / or regulating device (300).

26. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inlet line (219) is provided in a sealed manner with respect to the drum (210) in such a way that an inlet pressure can be built up in the separation chamber (216) of the drum (210) by suitable control of the inlet pump.

27. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the discharge of the separated light liquid phase Fl from the first separation chamber section (2161) takes place through a non-rotatable first discharge line (220) which is provided in a sealed manner with respect to the drum (210) of the solid bowl centrifuge (1).

28. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to claim 27, characterized in that a controllable device, in particular a controllable control valve (221) or a controllable positive displacement pump, is arranged in the first discharge line (220), which can be controlled by the control and / or regulating device (300) in such a way that the pressure in the first discharge line (220) can be changed and adjusted by the controllable device through the control and / or regulating device (300).

29. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the discharge of the separated, still flowable sludge phase Sp from the second separation chamber section (2162) takes place through a non-rotatable second discharge line (222) which is provided in a sealed manner with respect to the drum (210).

30. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to claim 29, characterized in that a further controllable device, in particular a controllable pump (223) is arranged in the second discharge line (222), which is connected to the control and / or regulating device (300), wherein the pressure in this second discharge line (222) upstream of the pump (223) is variable and adjustable by controlling the controllable device with the control and / or regulating device (300).

31. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to claim 30, characterized in that the pump (223) is designed as a positive displacement pump.

32. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a connection between the drum (210) and the first discharge line (220) is sealed by a first seal (225), wherein this first seal (225) is preferably designed as a mechanical seal.

33. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a connection between the drum (210) and the second discharge line (222) is sealed by a second seal (224), wherein this second seal (224) is preferably designed as a mechanical seal.

34. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotor (200) is rotatable by a drive device, in particular a single drive device (400), which preferably has an electric motor or a hydraulic motor.

35. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is designed without a screw, so that it does not have a screw that can rotate relative to the drum (210) during operation.

36. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outlet system (241) of the solids discharge (240) has one or more outlet valves.

37. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a battery is preferably arranged on or in the rotor (200), in particular on the drum (210), in order to supply the actuators of the outlet system (241) of the solids discharge (240) with electrical energy.

38. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to claim 36, characterized in that the battery is also used to supply a transmitting and / or receiving unit of the rotor (200), in particular a radio transmitter, in particular one that uses a radio standard with a relatively low energy requirement, in order to form a non-cabled connection between the control and / or regulating device (300) and the actuators of the outlet system (241) of the solids discharge (240).

39. Solid bowl centrifuge (1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the discharge of the separated liquid Intermediate phase Zw from the first separation chamber section (2161) takes place through a non-rotatable third discharge line (253) which is provided in a sealed manner with respect to the drum (210) of the solid bowl centrifuge (1).

40. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to claim 39, characterized in that a controllable device, in particular a controllable control valve (255) or a controllable positive displacement pump, is arranged in the third discharge line (253), which can be controlled by the control and / or regulating device (300) in such a way that the pressure in the third discharge line (253) can be changed and adjusted by the controllable device through the control and / or regulating device (300).

41. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a separating plate package (250) is arranged in the drum (210) concentrically to the inlet line (219) and through which the light liquid phase can be guided radially inwards into the liquid discharge channel (2121) for the light liquid phase Fl.

42. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to claim 41, characterized in that the separating plate package (250) has a separating plate (251) via which the liquid intermediate phase Zw can be discharged.

43. Solid bowl centrifuge (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drum (210) is made of a metallic material, preferably of steel.

44. A method for the centrifugal processing of a suspension Su with a solid-bowl centrifuge according to one of claims 1 to 43, in which the suspension Su is separated into at least one light liquid phase Fl and one heavy phase, in particular a still-flowable sludge phase Sp, characterized by the following steps: a) providing the solid-bowl centrifuge and rotating the drum (210), b) introducing the suspension Su to be processed into the separation chamber of the drum (210) with a feed pump (218) through the feed line (219), so that a pressure is built up in the separation chamber (216), c) separating the suspension Su in the separation chamber (216) into a light liquid phase Fl and into a still-flowable sludge phase Sp, d) discharging the separated light liquid phase Fl from the first separation chamber section (2161) through the first discharge line (220), which is sealed off from the housing (100) and the drum shell of the solid-bowl centrifuge (1), e) discharging the separated, still flowable sludge phase Sp from the second separation chamber section (2162) through the second discharge line (222), which is sealed off from the housing (100) and the drum shell of the solid-bowl centrifuge (1), and f) discharging one or two further phases, which comprise a liquid intermediate phase (Zw) and / or a solid phase (Fe), through a further liquid discharge (252) and / or a solid discharge (241) from the drum.

45. Method according to claim 44, characterized in that the control valve (221) in the first discharge line (220) regulates the discharge pressure of the light liquid phase Fl to a value which is large enough to press the still flowable sludge phase Sp over the constriction (226) and out of the drum (210).

46. ​​Method according to claim 45, characterized in that a discharge pressure of between 1 and 6 bar is set in the first discharge line (220).

47. Method according to one of the preceding method claims, characterized in that a discharge pressure in a range of -1 to +1 bar is set in the second discharge line (222).

48. Method according to one of the preceding method claims, characterized in that the drum (210) is rotated such that in the region of the largest diameter D of the drum (210) the radial acceleration during operation, ie at operating speed, is between 1000 g and 7000 g.

49. Method according to one of the preceding method claims, characterized in that the pressure in the inlet is adjusted by the inlet pump (218) so that the hydrostatic pressure in the separation chamber (216) is overcome in order to feed the suspension Su into the latter.

50. Method according to one of the preceding method claims, characterized in that during operation the control of the controllable devices and the feed pump are selected such that the hydrostatic pressure of the light liquid phase Fl, which is located in the rotating drum (210) due to its lower density compared to the still flowable sludge phase Sp on a smaller diameter in the separation chamber (216), is greater as the counter pressure acting on the still flowable sludge phase Sp - which is located in the rotating drum 210 on a larger diameter in the separation chamber (216) in order to hydraulically convey the sludge phase Sp in the direction of the solids discharge (211).

Images