Fixed trapezoidal fresnel mirror solar collector system

Abstract

The invention relates to a fixed trapezoidal fresnel mirror solar collector system that can move as a single piece with a single motor, is fixed in its position, and prevents the problem of shadowing between mirrors. Said invention has a development aimed at eliminating the disadvantages of the linearly focused "Linear Fresnel Solar Collector" technology and the linearly focused "Cylindrical Parabolic Trough Collector" technologies. With said invention, the negative aspects of both currently existing technologies have been eliminated and their favourable and positive aspects have been combined. Thus, with the invention, a new technology that is completely different from both technologies has emerged.

Description

[0001] DESCRIPTION

[0002] FIXED TRAPEZOIDAL FRESNEL MIRROR SOLAR COLLECTOR SYSTEM

[0003] Technical Field

[0004] The invention relates to a fixed trapezoidal fresnel mirror solar collector system that can move as a single piece with a single motor, is fixed in its position, and prevents the problem of shadowing between mirrors.

[0005] State of the Art

[0006] The fact that fossil fuels are costly, are not renewable resources, and cause environmental damage due to the greenhouse effect caused by their use has increased the tendency towards alternative energy sources. Solar energy systems, which are one of the renewable energy sources, have become of great importance in terms of being more environmentally friendly and easy to access.

[0007] In solar energy systems, to produce energy, structures that concentrate and absorb solar energy are used. These structures can have different shapes and functions, such as parabolic panels and fresnel reflectors.

[0008] Basically, in parabolic panels, sunlight is focused on a point or a line with concave mirrors, while in fresnel mirror systems, instead of the costly concave mirrors in parabolic panels, there are a series of directed flat mirrors. There are many studies carried out on these structures. However, due to their control mechanisms and structures, their costs are high, and their efficiency can be improved.

[0009] In the document numbered CN104764221 A, which is one of the studies in the state of the art, the photovoltaic driven linear fresnel solar energy heat collector is explained. Photovoltaic driven linear fresnel solar heat collector consists of a fixed photovoltaic cell panel, a mobile photovoltaic cell panel, a linear fresnel reflector group, a connection mechanism, a drive motor, an accumulator, a control device, and a parallel type absorber pipe beam. In this system, the photovoltaic driven linear fresnel solar heat collector combines photovoltaic technology with linear fresnel opto-thermal technology, and it is explained that the linear fresnel type heat collector tracking system and other devices solve the problem of the external part being connected to the intensive power supply.

[0010] Said invention has a development aimed at eliminating the disadvantages of the linearly focused "Linear Fresnel Solar Collector" technology and the linearly focused "Cylindrical Parabolic Trough Collector” technologies. With said invention, the negative aspects of both currently existing technologies have been eliminated and their favourable and positive aspects have been combined. Thus, with the invention, a new technology that is completely different from both technologies has emerged.

[0011] The linear fresnel mirror collector systems in the state of the art are themselves fixed. However, each of the mirrors is movable. Each of these mirrors has a separate motor system to follow the sun, which increases the cost. For example, the Fresnel lens detection device described in CN105890877A document consists of a system adjustment control unit, a vertical rotation unit, a bracket, a horizontal rotation unit and a detection unit. System adjustment control unit, vertical rotation unit, horizontal rotation unit and detection unit are located on the bracket. The system setting control unit is connected to the vertical rotation unit and horizontal rotation unit respectively. The vertical rotation unit is used to control the movement of the detection unit in the vertical direction, and the horizontal rotation unit is used to control the movement of the detection unit in the horizontal direction. The prior art’s technical defect that there is no Fresnel lens detection device that can solve the problem of abnormal operation of the Fresnel lens during use has been eliminated. However, as explained in the summary and description of the document, there are mechanisms created with more than one control unit in the system, which causes the structure and control to become complicated.

[0012] In our invention, in the collector, the mirrors are placed fixedly in the frame at certain angles, and the frame rotates as a single piece with a single motor and tracking system, follows the sun and focuses the solar radiation falling on the mirrors to the collector receiver.

[0013] The receiver system, which is at the centre of the existing linear fresnel mirror collector system, is both fixed and made extremely high to avoid shading the mirrors, which causes additional cost increase. In our invention, since the receiver in focus moves with the frame, it does not cast shadows on the mirrors, so it can be made shorter.

[0014] The existing linear fresnel mirror collector system also has large gaps between the mirrors to prevent them from shadowing one another. This causes the collector to expand unnecessarily. In our invention, since the mirrors never shadow one another, there is no gap between them, and the collector area is less than the existing system. The construction of cylindrical parabolic trough collectors is very heavy and complex. Precise manufacturing of a parabolic mirror is quite difficult. In addition, the receivers have to be used in a vacuum glass tube, which is in the form of a single tube, which requires very precise focusing, and is very expensive.

[0015] As a result, due to the disadvantages and inadequacies in the known art explained above, there is a need for a fixed trapezoidal fresnel mirror solar collector system that will eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art and provide a solution to existing systems.

[0016] The Aim of the Invention

[0017] The present invention relates to a fixed trapezoidal fresnel mirror solar collector system that meets the above-mentioned requirements, eliminates all disadvantages, and brings some additional advantages.

[0018] Unlike the prior art, in the invention, the mirrors are placed fixedly in the frame at certain angles. The frame is enabled to rotate as a single piece with a single engine and tracking system. In this way, the system is enabled to follow the sun as a single piece and focus the solar radiation falling on the mirrors onto the collector receiver. In this way, efficiency has been increased with a system that is more cost-effective and will enable more energy to be obtained from the sun.

[0019] In the invention, the mechanism is prevented from shading the mirrors by allowing the mechanism to move with the receiver frame in focus, thus making them shorter.

[0020] In current systems, there are large gaps between the mirrors to prevent them from shadowing each other. This causes the collector to expand unnecessarily. In our invention, since the mirrors never shadow one another, there is no gap between them, and the collector area is less than the existing system.

[0021] In addition to the advantages listed above, another advantage of said invention is that the system that will provide the same power as the existing system is smaller. Therefore, our invention that is the subject of the patent application is more economical with its lower cost.

[0022] The construction of cylindrical parabolic trough collectors is very heavy and complex. Precise manufacturing of a parabolic mirror is quite difficult. Said invention is lightweight in construction, easy to manufacture and can be made precisely. Receivers of cylindrical parabolic trough collectors have to be used in the form of a single tube, which requires very precise focusing, and a vacuum glass tube, which is very expensive. This problem does not exist in said "fixed trapezoidal fresnel mirror solar collector" system. Since a large number of tubes are used in the receiver, focusing accuracy is fully ensured.

[0023] Brief Description of Drawings

[0024] In order to for the embodiment of the present invention and its advantages with additional elements to be understood in the best way, it should be evaluated together with the figures described below.

[0025] Figure 1. is the perspective representative view of the fixed trapezoidal fresnel mirror solar collector system that is the subject of the invention.

[0026] Figure 2. is the representative profile view of the fixed trapezoidal fresnel mirror solar collector system that is the subject of the invention.

[0027] Figure 3. is the representative profile view of the fixed trapezoidal fresnel mirror solar collector system that is the subject of the invention, from a different angle.

[0028] Figure 4. is the representative side sectional view of the fixed trapezoidal fresnel mirror solar collector system that is the subject of the invention.

[0029] Figure 5. is the representative front view of the fixed trapezoidal fresnel mirror solar collector system that is the subject of the invention.

[0030] Figure 6. is the representative top view of the fixed trapezoidal fresnel mirror solar collector system that is the subject of the invention.

[0031] Figure 7. is the perspective view from the representative bottom surface of the fixed trapezoidal fresnel mirror solar collector system that is the subject of the invention.

[0032] Figure 8. is the perspective view from the representative bottom surface of the fixed trapezoidal fresnel mirror solar collector system that is the subject of the invention, from a different angle.

[0033] Figure 9. is the representative side view of the fixed trapezoidal fresnel mirror solar collector system that is the subject of the invention, showing its focus lens configuration. Figure 10. is the representative perspective view of the fixed trapezoidal fresnel mirror solar collector system that is the subject of the invention, showing its focus lens configuration.

[0034] Reference Numbers

[0035] 1 . Outer frame

[0036] 2. Mirror

[0037] 3. Frame roller bearing

[0038] 4. Motor

[0039] 5. Collector carrier foot

[0040] 6. Receiver pole

[0041] 7. Receiver

[0042] 7.1. Heat collector pipes

[0043] 8. Solar tracking system

[0044] Detailed Description of the Invention

[0045] In this detailed description, the preferred embodiments of the fixed trapezoidal fresnel mirror solar collector system, which is the subject of the invention, are explained only for a better understanding of the subject and in a way that does not create any limiting effect.

[0046] The fixed trapezoidal fresnel mirror solar collector system that is the subject of the invention comprises

[0047] • Fixed trapezoidal mirrors (2), positioned in a continuous row at an angle that does not shade each other, allowing the collection of sun rays with adjustable angles,

[0048] • At least one outer frame (1 ) that enables said mirrors (2) to be moved as a single piece,

[0049] • one receiver (7) that receives the energy of sun rays coming from the mirrors (2) to transfer it to the fluid, with an opening twice the width of the mirror (2), and depending on the number of heat collector pipes (7.1 ) to circulate inside it,

[0050] • Heat collector pipes (7.1 ), which act as heat exchangers and transfers the heat of the sun's rays to the fluid that circulating inside them as liquid or gaseous form, have a diameter calculated according to the working fluid that will circulate inside it, depending on the size of the receiver (7) and which contain fluid in liquid or gas form. • Receiver pole (6), which is the metal pole on which the receiver (7) is fixed to the movable outer frame (1 ),

[0051] • At least one solar tracking system (8), which is an automatic control system that controls the movement of the outer frame (1 ) and allows the position of the outer frame (1 ) to be adjusted according to the position of the sun,

[0052] • A gearmotor (4), which enables the outer frame (1 ) to move with the signal coming from the solar tracking system (8),

[0053] • Two frame roller bearings (3) for the shafts of the gearmotor (4), and

[0054] • Collector carrier foot (5), preferably made of metal material, that provides fixing to the installation place.

[0055] Fixed trapezoidal mirrors (2) move as a single piece with the outer frame (1 ). This movement is made by the motor (4) with the control signal coming from the solar tracking system (8). The outer frame (1 ) moves and returns to its new position.

[0056] Solar tracking system (8); It detects the sun position and performs calculation, control and signal generation functions to focus the sun rays on the mirrors (2) and transmits the signal to the motor (4).

[0057] In the fixed trapezoidal fresnel mirror solar collector system that is the subject of the invention, the solar tracking system (8) can be any automatic control system, from small programming circuits to large PLC control, depending on the size of the system.

[0058] Fixed trapezoidal mirrors (2), whose angles are adjusted and fixed, are fixed to the outer frame (1 ) at angles calculated depending on the system dimensioning. Since the mirrors (2) do not shade each other, they are placed without gaps.

[0059] Receiver (7) ; It receives the sun rays coming from the mirrors (2) to transfer it to the fluid. The mirror (2) has an opening up to twice its width, depending on the number of heat collector pipes (7.1 ) that will circulate within it.

[0060] Heat collector pipes (7.1 ); It transfers the heat of the sun's rays to the fluid. Depending on the size of the receiver (7), there are pipes with a diameter and the required number calculated according to the working fluid that will circulate inside the receiver (7). Instead of the multiple motors used in other existing fresnel collectors, in said invention, the system can be moved and rotated with a single gearmotor (4). The motor (4) is an electric motor.

[0061] There are two frame roller bearings (3) for the shafts of the gearmotor (4) in said invention, instead of the numerous roller bearings used in other collectors. They transmits the motion that came from out shaft of the motor (4) to the outer frame (1 ).

[0062] The collector carrier foot (5) ensures that the fixed trapezoidal fresnel mirror solar collector is fixed to the location where it is installed and is preferably made of metal material.

[0063] In the receiver (7) located at the focus of fixed trapezoidal fresnel mirror solar system, thermal energy is obtained by using liquid or gas working fluid, and it is also possible to use it as a concentrated photovoltaic (CPV) collector that produces electricity directly.

[0064] Apart from being used as a normal collector, the fixed trapezoidal fresnel mirror solar collector can be used as a 'focusing lens system' when it is completely reversed so that its angles change.

[0065] When the outer frame (1 ) is positioned upside down by changing the angles of the mirrors (2) to which it is connected, it has the function of a focusing lens system and the motor (4) drives the outer frame (1 ) again.

[0066] As shown representatively in Figure 9 and Figure 10, when the outer frame (1 ) is positioned upside down so that the angles of the mirrors (2) to which it is connected change, the system of the invention also has the function of a 'focusing lens system'. Said feature is provided by the motor (4) moving the outer frame (8). Thus, it has become possible to use the system in lens form and as a concentrated photovoltaic collector (CPV) in locations where space is a problem. In addition, with said invention, electricity can be produced directly from CPV, as well as heat (steam) for industrial purposes. With the invention, combined energy production from solar energy can be made in Cogeneration-Trigeneration systems for Industrial (Electricity and Heat production) purposes by using Power Cycles such as Appropriate Gas Cycle, Organic Rankine Cycle or Steam Cycle.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A fixed trapezoidal fresnel mirror solar collector system characterized by comprising ;• fixed trapezoidal mirrors (2) that enable the collection of sun rays,• at least one outer frame (1 ) that enables said mirrors (2) to be moved as a single piece,• at least one solar tracking system (8) that allows the position of the outer frame (1 ) to be adjusted according to the position of the sun,• the motor (4) that enables the outer frame (1 ) to move with the signal coming from the solar tracking system (8).

2. The fixed trapezoidal fresnel mirror solar collector system according to Claim 1 characterized by comprising; a gearmotor as motor (4).

3. The fixed trapezoidal fresnel mirror solar collector system according to Claim 1 characterized by comprising; at least one solar tracking system (8) that determinates the sun position and puts into calculation, control and signal generation operations for focus the sun rays on the mirrors (2) and transmits the signal to the motor (4).

4. The fixed trapezoidal fresnel mirror solar collector system according to Claim 1 characterized by comprising; a receiver (7) that receives the energy of sun rays coming from the said mirrors (2) to transfer it to the fluid.

5. The fixed trapezoidal fresnel mirror solar collector system according to Claim 1 characterized by comprising; heat collector pipes (7.1 ) that act as heat exchangers and transfer the heat of the sun's rays to the fluid that circulating inside them as liquid or gaseous form.

6. The fixed trapezoidal fresnel mirror solar collector system according to Claim 1 characterized by comprising; a receiver pole (6), which is a metal pole on which mentioned receiver (7) is fixed to the movable outer frame (1 ).

7. The fixed trapezoidal fresnel mirror solar collector system according to Claim 1 characterized by comprising ; frame roller bearings (3) for transmitting the motion that came from the output shaft of the motor (4) to the outer frame (1 ).

8. The fixed trapezoidal fresnel mirror solar collector system according to Claim 1 characterized by comprising; a collector carrier foot (5), - preferably made of metal material-, that allows fixing to the installation location.

9. The fixed trapezoidal fresnel mirror solar collector system according to Claim 1 , characterized by comprising; the outer frame (1 ), which has the function of a focusing lens system when the outer frame (1 ) is positioned upside down by changing the angles of the mirrors (2) to which it is connected, and the motor (4) drives the outer frame (1 ).

10. The fixed trapezoidal fresnel mirror solar collector system according to claim 1 , characterized by comprising; a concentrated photovoltaic (cpv) collector that enables production of electricity directly from sun rays as well as the production of industrial steam.

Images