High-temperature tolerance inducer and method for inducing high-temperature tolerance in plants

Abstract

This high-temperature tolerance inducer for plants includes a carrier in which an active ingredient, which is one or more compounds having a boiling point or a sublimation point of 200°C or less, and a hydrophobic compound having a boiling point greater than 200°C, are supported on a porous material. The solubility of the hydrophobic compound in water is preferably less than 10 g / 100 mL. The hydrophobic compound is preferably at least one substance selected from the group consisting of vegetable oil, mineral oil and wax ester. The active ingredient compound is preferably an unsaturated carbonyl compound.

Description

High-temperature tolerance inducer and method for inducing high-temperature tolerance in plants

[0001] The present invention relates to a heat tolerance inducer and a method for inducing heat tolerance in plants. This application claims priority to Japanese Patent Application No. 2023-177588, filed on October 13, 2023, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] When agricultural and horticultural plants are exposed to high temperatures, their quality and yield decrease due to heat damage. Conventionally, measures to prevent heat damage have been taken, such as installing sunshades and ventilation fans in agricultural and horticultural greenhouses, but these measures are expensive and difficult to implement.

[0003] Therefore, as a measure that can be easily implemented in many agricultural fields, the application of thermotolerance inducers to plants has been studied. Patent Document 1 discloses unsaturated carbonyl compounds such as hydroxyacrolein, ethyl vinyl ketone, and 2-hexenal as thermotolerance inducers.

[0004] Furthermore, Patent Document 2 discloses a high-temperature-resistant inducer comprising a support in which an active ingredient containing one or more compounds having a boiling point or sublimation point of 200° C. or less is supported on a porous material.

[0005] JP 2011-157307 A International Publication No. 2023 / 074526

[0006] According to the present inventors, when the active ingredient of a heat-tolerance inducer is supported on a porous material, the active ingredient may dissolve in water due to spraying of water for plant growth, rainfall, use by floating on the water surface of a paddy field, etc., and the duration of the effect may be short. There is room for improvement in heat-tolerance inducers from the viewpoint of improving water resistance as well as the duration of the effect under high-temperature conditions.

[0007] The present invention provides a thermotolerance inducer for plants, which exhibits excellent durability of its effect even in environments of high temperature and contact with water, and a method for inducing thermotolerance in plants.

[0008] The present invention has the following aspects. [1] A high-temperature tolerance inducer for plants, comprising a support in which an active ingredient, which is one or more compounds having a boiling point or sublimation point of 200°C or less, and a hydrophobic compound having a boiling point of more than 200°C, are supported on a porous material. [2] The high-temperature tolerance inducer according to [1] above, wherein the hydrophobic compound has a solubility in water of less than 10 g / 100 mL. [3] The high-temperature tolerance inducer according to [2] above, wherein the hydrophobic compound is at least one selected from the group consisting of vegetable oil, mineral oil, and wax ester. [4] The high-temperature tolerance inducer according to any one of [1] to [3] above, wherein the active ingredient compound is an unsaturated carbonyl compound. [5] The high-temperature tolerance inducer according to any one of [1] to [4] above, wherein the active ingredient compound is a compound represented by the following formula 1: R １ -CH=CH-C(=O)-R ２ ...Formula 1, where R １ is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group, or an alkyl group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms, and R ２ is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms. [6] The high-temperature resistance inducer according to any one of [1] to [5] above, wherein the compound serving as the active ingredient is 2-hexenal, 2-butenal, 2-pentenal, 2-heptenal, 1-penten-3-one, 3-penten-2-one, 4-hexen-3-one, 3-hepten-2-one, or 2-octen-4-one. [7] The high-temperature resistance inducer according to any one of [1] to [6] above, wherein the porous material is silica. [8] The high-temperature resistance inducer according to [7] above, wherein the silica is at least one selected from porous silica, zeolite, and montmorillonite. [9] The high-temperature resistance inducer according to [7] above, wherein the silica is silica gel.

[10] The high-temperature resistance inducer according to

[10] above, wherein the specific surface area of ​​the porous material is 100 to 1,000 m ２

[11] The high-temperature tolerance inducer according to any one of [1] to [9], wherein the content of the hydrophobic compound is 1 to 200 mass% relative to the total mass of the porous material.

[12] The high-temperature tolerance inducer according to any one of [1] to

[11] , wherein the content of the active ingredient is 0.1 to 10 mass% relative to the total mass of the porous material.

[13] A method for inducing high-temperature tolerance in a plant, comprising applying the high-temperature tolerance inducer according to any one of [1] to

[12] to a plant.

[14] A method for inducing high-temperature tolerance in a plant, comprising placing the high-temperature tolerance inducer according to any one of [1] to

[12] in a container or breathable packaging material having an opening, and placing the container or packaging material on the ground or water surface around a plant having stomata.

[15] A method for inducing high-temperature tolerance in a plant, comprising placing the high-temperature tolerance inducer according to any one of [1] to

[12] above in a container with an opening or in a breathable packaging material, and attaching the container to a plant or a support.

[16] A method for inducing high-temperature tolerance in a plant, comprising spraying the high-temperature tolerance inducer according to any one of [1] to

[12] above on the ground or on the water surface around a plant.

[17] A method for inducing high-temperature tolerance in a plant, comprising fixing the high-temperature tolerance inducer according to any one of [1] to

[12] above to the surface of a sheet or tape, and placing the sheet or tape on the ground or on the water surface around a plant.

[18] A method for inducing high-temperature tolerance in a plant, comprising fixing the high-temperature tolerance inducer according to any one of [1] to

[12] above to the surface of a sheet or tape, and attaching the sheet or tape to a plant or a support.

[0009] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a plant thermotolerance inducer and a method for inducing thermotolerance in plants, which have excellent durability of effect even in an environment of high temperature and contact with water.

[0010] In the present invention, the "boiling point" and "sublimation point" are values ​​at normal pressure (1 atmosphere). The symbol "to" indicating a range of values ​​means that the values ​​before and after it are included as the lower and upper limits.

[0011] One embodiment of the present invention provides a plant heat-tolerance inducer comprising a support in which active ingredients, which are one or more compounds having a boiling point or sublimation point of 200°C or less, and a hydrophobic compound having a boiling point of more than 200°C, are supported on a porous material.

[0012] (Active ingredient) The active ingredient has the effect of inducing high temperature tolerance in plants. In this embodiment, the active ingredient is a compound (hereinafter also referred to as "compound A") having a boiling point or sublimation point of 200°C or less. The active ingredient may contain one type of compound A or two or more types of compound A.

[0013] Since Compound A has a boiling point or sublimation point of 200°C or lower, it can vaporize (evaporate or sublime) in the plant growth environment (e.g., 0 to 50°C). The boiling point or sublimation point of Compound A is preferably 175°C or lower, more preferably 150°C or lower. The lower the boiling point or sublimation point, the easier it is to vaporize after application, and the greater the usefulness of the present invention. In terms of the duration of effect, the boiling point or sublimation point of Compound A is preferably 80°C or higher, more preferably 100°C or higher. The upper and lower limits of the boiling point or sublimation point of Compound A can be arbitrarily combined. For example, the boiling point or sublimation point of Compound A is preferably 80°C or higher and 200°C or lower, more preferably 80°C or higher and 175°C or lower, and even more preferably 100°C or higher and 150°C or lower. Compound A may be a liquid or a solid at 25°C.

[0014] Compound A can be appropriately selected from compounds known to have the effect of inducing high-temperature tolerance in plants, and can be one having a boiling point or sublimation point of 200°C or less. Examples of compounds having the effect of inducing high-temperature tolerance in plants include unsaturated carbonyl compounds such as unsaturated aldehydes and unsaturated ketones. Specific examples of unsaturated carbonyl compounds include those described in JP 2011-157307 A and WO 2016 / 031775 A.

[0015] The unsaturated carbonyl compound is preferably a compound represented by the following formula 1: １ -CH=CH-C(=O)-R ２ ...Formula 1, where R １ is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group, or an alkyl group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms, and R２ is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms. １ , R ２ The alkyl group in each case may be linear or branched. １ is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and R ２ is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and R １ and R ２ The compound having a sum of the carbon numbers of the above 1 to 6 (total carbon number of 9 or less) is preferred.

[0016] Examples of unsaturated carbonyl compounds having a boiling point or sublimation point of 200°C or lower include 2-hexenal (boiling point 146°C), 2-butenal (boiling point 105°C), 2-pentenal (boiling point 126 to 130°C), 2-heptenal (boiling point 166°C), 1-penten-3-one (boiling point 81°C), 3-penten-2-one (boiling point 123°C), 4-hexen-3-one (boiling point 137°C), 3-hepten-2-one (boiling point 156°C), and 2-octen-4-one (boiling point 178°C).

[0017] Other examples of compounds that induce high-temperature tolerance in plants include branched-chain amino acids and intermediates in their biosynthetic and consumption pathways (hereinafter, these are also collectively referred to as "branched-chain amino acids"). Specific examples of branched-chain amino acids include those described in JP 2012-197249 A. Examples of branched-chain amino acids having a boiling point or sublimation point of 200°C or lower include leucine (sublimation point: 145-148°C) and α-ketoisovaleric acid (boiling point: 171°C).

[0018] The content of the active ingredient is preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass, more preferably 1 to 5% by mass, relative to the total mass of the porous material. When the content of the active ingredient is 0.1 to 10% by mass, the effect of inducing high-temperature tolerance in plants can be sufficiently exerted. The content of the active ingredient can be determined by extracting the active ingredient from the porous body with a solvent capable of dissolving the active ingredient, and analyzing the obtained extract by gas chromatography (e.g., Agilent 7890A).

[0019] (Hydrophobic Compound) When the hydrophobic compound is supported on the porous material together with the active ingredient, the hydrophobic compound can suppress the rapid outflow of the active ingredient even in an environment in contact with water, thereby realizing a plant high temperature tolerance inducer with excellent durability. The hydrophobic compound is a compound different from the active ingredient described above.

[0020] The hydrophobic compound has a boiling point of over 200°C. The boiling point of the hydrophobic compound is preferably 250°C or higher, more preferably 300°C or higher. The higher the boiling point, the less likely it is to evaporate after application, and therefore the greater the effect of suppressing the sudden outflow of the active ingredient. The upper limit of the boiling point of the hydrophobic compound is not particularly limited, but for example, 500°C can be mentioned. The upper and lower limit values ​​of the boiling point of the hydrophobic compound can be arbitrarily combined. For example, the boiling point of the hydrophobic compound is preferably over 200°C and not more than 500°C, more preferably 250°C or higher and not more than 500°C, and even more preferably 300°C or higher and not more than 500°C. The hydrophobic compound may be liquid or solid at 25°C.

[0021] The hydrophobic compound is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of vegetable oils, mineral oils, and wax esters. Examples of vegetable oils include olive oil, linseed oil, corn oil, sesame oil, perilla oil, rapeseed oil, canola oil, butter, rice bran oil, rice bran oil, palm oil (including hydrogenated palm oil), margarine, soybean oil, and sunflower oil. Examples of mineral oils include C ｎ H ２ｎ＋２ (n = an integer from 10 to 200) or C ｎ H ２ｎ (n = an integer of 10 to 200). Wax ester refers to a compound in which a long-chain fatty acid having 10 or more carbon atoms is ester-bonded to an aliphatic alcohol having 8 or more carbon atoms. Examples of wax esters include waxes (for example, soybean wax, palm wax, beeswax, white wax, etc.).

[0022] The solubility of the hydrophobic compound in water is preferably less than 10 g / 100 mL, more preferably 1 g / 100 mL or less. When the solubility of the hydrophobic compound in water is less than 10 g / 100 mL, the rapid outflow of the active ingredient can be suppressed even in an environment in contact with water. The lower limit of the solubility of the hydrophobic compound in water is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 0.001 g / 100 mL. The solubility of the hydrophobic compound in water is preferably 0.001 g / 100 mL or more and less than 10 g / 100 mL, more preferably 0.001 g / 100 mL or more and 1 g / 100 mL or less.

[0023] The solubility of hydrophobic compounds in water can be measured by measuring the dissolved organic carbon concentration (DOC).

[0024] The content of the hydrophobic compound is preferably 1 to 200% by mass, more preferably 5 to 50% by mass, even more preferably 7 to 20% by mass, and particularly preferably 7 to 9% by mass, relative to the total mass of the porous material. When the content of the hydrophobic compound is 1 to 200% by mass, rapid outflow of the active ingredient can be suppressed even in an environment in contact with water.

[0025] (Porous Material) The porous material is a carrier that supports an active ingredient. The porous material may be silica. In this specification, silica refers to a compound containing silicon oxide. Examples of silica include porous silica such as silica gel, diatomaceous earth, and mesoporous silica, zeolite, montmorillonite, boiling stone, porous glass, kaolinite, sericite, illite, glauconite, chlorite, and talc. The silica is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of porous silica, zeolite, and montmorillonite, more preferably porous silica, and even more preferably silica gel.

[0026] The high-temperature resistance inducer may contain other porous materials other than silica. The proportion of silica is preferably 50% by mass or more, more preferably 80% by mass or more, even more preferably 90% by mass or more, particularly preferably 95% by mass or more, with the upper limit being 100% by mass, based on the total mass of silica and other porous materials. The upper and lower limits of the silica proportion can be arbitrarily combined. When the proportion of silica relative to the total mass of silica and other porous materials is within the above range, the sustained release and stability of the active ingredient tend to be better.

[0027] The specific surface area of ​​the porous material is 100 to 1,000 m ２ The specific surface area of ​​the porous material is 200 to 1,000 m ２ / g is preferred, and 420 to 1,000m ２ / g is more preferable. ２ When the specific surface area of ​​the porous material is 420 to 1,000 m / g, the residual rate of compound A is high and the durability of the effect can be improved. ２ / g, the residual rate of compound A is higher, and the duration of the effect can be further improved. The specific surface area is measured by a gas adsorption method. Specifically, a specific surface area measuring device (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, product name 3Flex) is used, 100 mg of a sample is set, and N is used as an adsorption gas. ２ The specific surface area is measured under cryogenic conditions using a

[0028] The pore volume of the porous material is, for example, 0.01 to 10 mL / g, 0.05 to 3 mL / g, or even 0.1 to 1.7 mL / g. The pore volume is measured by the Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) method. Specifically, a pore distribution measurement device (e.g., 3Flex, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) is used, 100 mg of a sample is set, and the pore volume is measured under cryogenic conditions. The pore diameter of the porous material is, for example, 0.5 to 1,000 nm, further 0.5 to 100 nm, or even 1 to 25 nm. The pore diameter is measured by a gas adsorption method. Specifically, a specific surface area measurement device (e.g., 3Flex, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) is used, 100 mg of a sample is set, and the pore diameter is measured under cryogenic conditions. The oil absorption of the porous material is, for example, 1 to 1,000 mL / 100 g, further 10 to 500 mL / 100 g, or even 40 to 300 mL / 100 g. The oil absorption is measured by the boiled linseed oil method. Specifically, the porous material is mixed with boiled linseed oil in small amounts, and when it becomes possible to roll it up into a spiral shape using a spatula, the amount of boiled linseed oil used per 100 g of the porous material is measured and used as the oil absorption.

[0029] The shape of the porous material is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include particulate, block, film, pellet, and honeycomb shapes. Particulate shapes are preferred in terms of availability. Examples of particle shapes include spherical shapes such as perfect spheres and oval spheres, needle shapes, scale shapes, and irregular shapes. When the porous material is particulate, the average particle size of the porous material is, for example, 0.1 to 1,000 μm, 4 to 1,000 μm, or even 0.5 to 300 μm. The average particle size is measured using a Coulter counter (e.g., Multisizer 4e, manufactured by Beckman Coulter, Inc.).

[0030] As the porous material, among porous silica, silica gel is preferred from the viewpoint of safety. The average primary particle size of silica gel is, for example, 1 to 3,000 μm, preferably 5 to 1,100 μm. The average primary particle size of silica gel can be controlled using a sieve shaker or the like. When the porous material contains only primary particles, the average primary particle size of silica gel is the 50% cumulative volume particle size measured under solution conditions using a particle size distribution meter (for example, Multisizer 4e manufactured by Beckman Coulter). When the porous material is a mixture of primary particles and secondary particles, the average primary particle size is calculated by the following equation: d = 6 / ρ s (ρ = density [g / cm ３ ], s=specific surface area [cm ２ The specific surface area can be measured by the method described below.

[0031] The specific surface area of ​​silica gel is, for example, 30 to 1,000 m ２ / g, 100-1,000m ２ / g, 150-1,000m ２ / g, 200-1,000m ２ / g, and even 420 to 1,000 m ２ / g. The specific surface area of ​​silica gel can be measured in the same manner as the specific surface area of ​​porous materials. The pore volume of silica gel is, for example, 0.05 to 3 mL / g, 0.2 to 2.5 mL / g, or even 0.5 to 1.7 mL / g. The pore volume of silica gel can be measured in the same manner as the pore volume of porous materials. The pore diameter of silica gel is, for example, 0.5 to 100 nm, 2 to 50 nm, or even 3 to 25 nm. The pore diameter of silica gel can be measured in the same manner as the pore diameter of porous materials. The oil absorption of silica gel is, for example, 10 to 500 mL / 100 g, 50 to 450 mL / 100 g, or even 100 to 300 mL / 100 g. The oil absorption of silica gel can be measured in the same manner as the oil absorption of porous materials.

[0032] (Support) The support rate of the active ingredient in the support is, for example, preferably 0.1 to 10 mass %, and more preferably 1 to 5 mass %, based on the total amount of the support. When the content of the active ingredient is 0.1 to 10 mass %, the effect of inducing high temperature tolerance in plants can be sufficiently exerted. The support rate of the active ingredient can be determined by extracting the active ingredient from the support with a solvent capable of dissolving the active ingredient, and analyzing the obtained extract by gas chromatography (for example, Agilent 7890A).

[0033] (Other Components) The high-temperature tolerance inducer may further contain other components in addition to the active ingredient, hydrophobic compound, and porous material, as necessary, as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. When the high-temperature tolerance inducer contains other components, the other components may or may not be supported on a support. Examples of other components include a compound other than Compound A that has the effect of inducing high-temperature tolerance in plants (hereinafter referred to as Compound B), an antioxidant, a coupling agent, and a binder. Compound B is a compound having a boiling point or sublimation point above 200°C. The ratio of Compound A to Compound B is not particularly limited. For example, Compound A may be 1% by mass or more, or even 10% by mass or more, relative to the total mass of Compound A and Compound B, and may be an upper limit of 100% by mass. The upper and lower limits of the ratio of Compound A can be arbitrarily combined. When the ratio of Compound A to the total mass of Compound A and Compound B is equal to or greater than the above-mentioned lower limit, the effect of inducing high-temperature tolerance in plants can be fully exerted.

[0034] (Method for Producing High-Temperature Tolerance Inducer) The high-temperature tolerance inducer can be obtained by supporting one or more active ingredients, which are compounds A, and a hydrophobic compound on a porous material.

[0035] The method of loading is not particularly limited, and known methods can be appropriately adopted. For example, a loaded body can be obtained by contacting the active ingredient and the hydrophobic compound with a porous material together with a liquid medium having a boiling point lower than the boiling point or sublimation point of compound A, and then drying (removing the liquid medium) at a temperature lower than the boiling point or sublimation point of compound A. The active ingredient and the hydrophobic compound may be contacted with the porous material simultaneously or separately. When the active ingredient and the hydrophobic compound are contacted with the porous material separately, it is preferable to contact the active ingredient with the porous material and then contact the hydrophobic compound with the porous material.

[0036] The liquid medium may be any liquid medium capable of dissolving or dispersing the active ingredient. The amount of the liquid medium used is, for example, 10 to 10,000 parts by mass, or preferably 100 to 1,000 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the carrier.

[0037] The method for contacting the active ingredient, hydrophobic compound, and liquid medium with the porous material is not particularly limited, and known methods such as immersion and spraying can be applied. The contact time is sufficient to allow the active ingredient and hydrophobic compound to be sufficiently impregnated into the porous material, and can be adjusted appropriately depending on the size, material, etc. of the porous material. When the active ingredient and hydrophobic compound are liquid, a support can also be obtained by a method in which only the active ingredient and hydrophobic compound are brought into contact with the porous material.

[0038] If necessary, the obtained carrier may be formed into any dosage form together with other ingredients. When the carrier is formed into any dosage form, the dosage form is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include tablets, granules, films, blocks, sheets, tapes including adhesive layers, etc. Known methods can be used for forming the carrier.

[0039] If necessary, the obtained thermotolerance inducer may be contained in a container or packaging material for application to plants. After application of the thermotolerance inducer, compound A vaporizes, diffuses through the air, and reaches the plant, thereby inducing thermotolerance. Therefore, the container or packaging material is preferably breathable or has one or more openings connecting the inside and outside of the container so that vaporized compound A can be released outside the container. The container or packaging material may be provided with an attachment member for attaching the container or packaging material to a plant or any support.

[0040] (Uses) High-temperature tolerance inducers are applied to plants to induce high-temperature tolerance in them. By applying high-temperature tolerance inducers to plants, high-temperature tolerance can be induced in plants. High-temperature damage refers to the adverse effects on plant growth caused by high temperatures. When high-temperature damage occurs in agricultural and horticultural plants, the quality and yield of the plants decrease. Specific examples of damage include dwarfism, insufficient growth, insufficient sugar content, and short stems in head-forming agricultural and horticultural plants, as well as malformed flowers and poor flower color. High-temperature tolerance is a resistance function that can withstand high temperatures.

[0041] The plant to which the thermotolerance inducer is applied is not particularly limited as long as it can induce thermotolerance with compound A. In this embodiment, the plant to which the thermotolerance inducer is applied is typically a plant having stomata, preferably an agricultural or horticultural plant. Specific plants (particularly, agricultural or horticultural plants) include, for example, grains (rice, barley, wheat, rye, oats, corn, etc.), beans (soybean, adzuki bean, broad bean, pea, peanut, etc.), fruit trees and fruits (apple, citrus fruit, pear, grape, peach, plum, cherry, walnut, almond, banana, strawberry, etc.), vegetables (cabbage, tomato, eggplant, spinach, broccoli, lettuce, onion, leek, bell pepper, etc.), root vegetables (carrot, potato, sweet potato, radish, turnip, etc.), Examples include processing crops (cotton, hemp, paper mulberry, Mitsumata, rapeseed, beets, hops, sugarcane, sugar beets, olives, rubber, coffee, tobacco, and tea), melons (pumpkins, cucumbers, watermelons, and melons), pasture plants (orchard grass, sorghum, timothy, clover, and alfalfa), turfgrass (Korean grass and bentgrass), flowers (chrysanthemums, roses, and orchids), and crops for spices, etc. (lavender, rosemary, thyme, parsley, pepper, and ginger).

[0042] The method for inducing high-temperature tolerance of the present invention involves applying the high-temperature tolerance inducer of the present invention to a plant. Known methods can be used to apply the high-temperature tolerance inducer to a plant. For example, silica gel carrying an active ingredient can be placed in an open container or breathable packaging material and placed around the plant. When the high-temperature tolerance inducer is placed in the open container or breathable packaging material, the container or packaging material can be placed on the ground or water surface around the plant. Here, the water surface can be the water surface of a paddy field. When the container or packaging material has the above-mentioned attachment member, the container or packaging material can be attached to a plant or any support. The high-temperature tolerance inducer can also be sprayed on the ground or water surface around the plant without being placed in the breathable packaging material or open container. The high-temperature tolerance inducer can also be fixed to the surface of a sheet or tape, and the sheet or tape can be placed on the ground or water surface around the plant. The high-temperature tolerance inducer can also be fixed to the surface of a sheet or tape, and the sheet or tape can be attached to a plant or support. The application rate of the heat-tolerance inducer can be appropriately determined depending on the type of active ingredient, temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, and the optimal concentration for the target plant. For example, in the case of 2-hexenal, the application rate is set to a level that brings the atmospheric 2-hexenal concentration to 0.001 to 0.1 ppm. The heat-tolerance inducer may be applied by mixing it with soil or other fertilizers. The mixture mixed with soil or fertilizer may be placed on or underground around the plant.

[0043] The present invention will be specifically described below using examples, but the present invention is not limited to the description of the following examples. "%" indicates "% by mass." Examples 1 to 6 are working examples, and Examples 7 and 8 are comparative examples.

[0044] (Examples 1 to 5) The active ingredient, porous body, hydrophobic compound, and 500 parts by mass of dichloromethane per 100 parts by mass of solids shown in Table 1 were added to a recovery flask and stirred at 25°C for 1 minute. Next, dichloromethane was evaporated from the reaction solution using a rotary evaporator to obtain a powdered high-temperature resistance inducer. Solid paraffin: Paraffin Wax-135 manufactured by Nippon Seiro Co., Ltd. Melting point: 58°C, solubility in water: less than 0.01 g / 100 mL. Extremely hardened palm oil: manufactured by Yokozeki Yushi Kogyo Co., Ltd. Melting point: approximately 58°C, solubility in water: less than 0.01 g / 100 mL.

[0045] (Evaluation) The obtained high-temperature tolerance inducers were evaluated by the following evaluation method.

[0046] <Measurement of Active Ingredient Loading Rate> 5 g of a mixed solvent of chloroform:methanol = 9:1 (volume ratio) was added to the vial containing the high-temperature tolerance inducer and stirred for 1 minute to extract the loaded 2-hexenal. Hexadecane was added as an internal standard substance, and the resulting mixture was filtered. The resulting filtrate (extract containing the internal standard substance) was analyzed by gas chromatography, and the amount of 2-hexenal loaded (mg) was calculated using a calibration curve previously prepared using hexadecane as an internal standard. The loading rate (%) of 2-hexenal in the high-temperature tolerance inducer (100%) was calculated from the determined loading amount (mg) and the mass of the high-temperature tolerance inducer placed in the vial.

[0047] <Measurement of Hydrophobic Compound Loading Rate> The high-temperature-resistant inducer was heated at 750°C for 30 minutes under a nitrogen atmosphere using a TGA (thermogravimetric analyzer), and the amount of total organic compounds (mg) in the high-temperature-resistant inducer was measured. The total organic compound loading rate (%) in the high-temperature-resistant inducer was calculated from the amount (mg) of high-temperature-resistant inducer used in the analysis and the amount (mg) of all organic compounds. The hydrophobic compound loading rate (%) was determined by subtracting the 2-hexenal loading rate (%) determined in <Measurement of Active Ingredient Loading Rate> from the total organic compound loading rate (%).

[0048] <Evaluation of High Temperature Resistance> A vial containing a high temperature resistance inducer was left uncapped in an environment of 50°C and 40% humidity for 7 days. After leaving it unattached, the 2-hexenal loading rate (%) was determined in the same manner as in the above <Measurement of Active Ingredient Loading Rate>. The 2-hexenal residual rate was calculated using the following formula, and evaluation was performed according to the following evaluation criteria. Note that the "initial 2-hexenal content" in the formula is the value determined in the above <Measurement of Active Ingredient Loading Rate>. 2-hexenal residual rate (%) = 2-hexenal loading rate (%) after leaving it unattended for 7 days in an environment of 50°C and 40% humidity / initial 2-hexenal loading rate (%) × 100

[0049] Evaluation criteria A: The 2-hexenal residual rate (%) is 80% or more. B: The 2-hexenal residual rate (%) is 10% or more and less than 80%. C: The 2-hexenal residual rate (%) is less than 10%.

[0050] <Evaluation of High-Temperature Water Resistance> The high-temperature resistance inducer was placed in a standard test sieve with a mesh size of 75 μm, immersed in water for 5 seconds, and then removed from the water. The sieve was left standing for 7 days in an environment of 50°C and 40% humidity without a lid. After standing, the 2-hexenal support rate (%) was determined in the same manner as in the above <Measurement of Active Ingredient Support Rate>. The 2-hexenal residual rate was calculated using the following formula, and evaluation was performed according to the following evaluation criteria. The "initial 2-hexenal content" in the formula is the value determined in the above <Measurement of Active Ingredient Support Rate>. 2-hexenal residual rate (%) = 2-hexenal support rate (%) after standing for 7 days in an environment of 50°C and 40% humidity / initial 2-hexenal support rate (%) × 100

[0051] Evaluation criteria a: The 2-hexenal residual rate (%) is 50% or more. b: The 2-hexenal residual rate (%) is 5% or more and less than 50%. c: The 2-hexenal residual rate (%) is less than 5%.

[0052]

[0053] When the high-temperature resistance inducer of Example 7, which did not contain a hydrophobic compound, was used, the high-temperature water resistance evaluation results were poor. When the high-temperature resistance inducer of Example 8, which did not contain a porous body, was used, the high-temperature resistance evaluation results were poor. In contrast, when the high-temperature resistance inducers of Examples 1 to 6, which contained a porous body and a hydrophobic compound, were used, the evaluation results were good.

[0054] <High-temperature tolerance evaluation 1 (rice)> 0.2 g of the high-temperature tolerance inducer of Example 3 was added to 4 L of HB-101 culture soil manufactured by Flora Co., Ltd., and mixed well, and the mixture was added to a 5 L bucket. Water was added to the bucket so that the water level was 5 cm or more above the surface of the mixture, and two rice seedlings were planted in this mixture (Example 11) (April 27, 2024, experimental location: Tokyo). Meanwhile, as control example 11, only 4 L of HB-101 culture soil manufactured by Flora Co., Ltd. was added to another 5 L bucket, and water was added to the bucket so that the water level was 5 cm or more above the surface of the culture soil, and two rice seedlings were planted. Thereafter, both example 11 and control example 11 were watered once a day, and from May 11, 800 mL of Hyponex concentrate manufactured by Hyponex Co., Ltd. was diluted with water to the specified concentration and given once a week. The water level was maintained at a level of 5 cm or more above the surface of the mixture or culture soil until July 30. For Example 11, a total of 0.03 g of the high temperature tolerance inducer of Example 3 was added to the water in four separate doses between May 11 and July 30. After that, water was withheld for three days, and then water was added again, and the water was maintained.

[0055] When the number of headings was counted as of September 7th, the result was 37 for Example 11 and 21 for Control Example 11. Despite the influence of high summer temperatures, Example 11, which was treated with the high temperature tolerance inducer of Example 3, had a heading amount that was more than 70% higher than that of Control Example 11, which was not treated.

[0056] <High-Temperature Tolerance Evaluation 2 (Paprika)> 15 L of Flora Co., Ltd. HB-101 culture soil was added to a planter (650 mm long x 225 mm wide x 180 mm high), one paprika (variety: Taiyo no Paprika) seedling was planted, and 0.004 g of the high-temperature tolerance inducer of Example 3 was sprinkled on top of the culture soil. This was designated Example 12 (July 20, 2024, experimental location: Tokyo). Meanwhile, as control Example 12, one seedling was planted in another planter in the same manner, except that the high-temperature tolerance inducer of Example 3 was sprinkled on top. After that, both Example 12 and control Example 12 were watered once a day, and from August 3rd, 800 mL of Hyponex concentrate (manufactured by Hyponex) was diluted with water to the specified concentration and given once a week. For Example 12, a total of 0.02 g of the high-temperature tolerance inducer of Example 3 was sprinkled on the soil in three installments from August 3rd to September 7th.

[0057] When the number of fruits was counted as of September 7th, Example 12 had 17 and Control Example 12 had 13, meaning that Example 12, which had been treated with the high-temperature tolerance inducer of Example 3, had about 30% more fruits than the untreated Control Example 12. It was also observed that the leaves of Example 12 were less likely to wilt even in the high summer temperatures.

[0058] <High-Temperature Tolerance Evaluation 3 (Cherry Tomato)> 0.8 g of the high-temperature tolerance inducer of Example 3 was added to 15 L of Flora Co., Ltd.'s HB-101 culture soil and mixed thoroughly. The mixture was then placed in a planter (650 mm wide x 225 mm long x 180 mm high). One cherry tomato (variety: CF Chocoaiko) seedling was then planted, designated Example 13 (May 3, 2024, experimental location: Tokyo). Meanwhile, 15 L of Flora Co., Ltd.'s HB-101 culture soil was added to another planter, designated Example 13, and a similar seedling was planted. Both Example 13 and Control Example 13 were then watered once a day, and from May 18, 800 mL of Hyponex concentrate, manufactured by Hyponex Co., Ltd., diluted with water to the specified concentration, was added once a week. For Example 13, a total of 0.03 g of the high temperature tolerance inducer of Example 3 was spread on the soil in four separate applications between May 18th and July 21st.

[0059] The number of fruits harvested by July 21st was 65 in Example 13 and 48 in Control Example 13, meaning that Example 13, which was treated with the high-temperature tolerance inducer of Example 3, had about 30% more fruits than the untreated Control Example 13. In addition, Example 13 had a longer flowering period of more than 20 days than Control Example 13, and the plants were more than 5 cm larger.

[0060] <High-Temperature Tolerance Evaluation 4 (Strawberry)> 15 L of HB-101 culture soil manufactured by Flora Co., Ltd. was added to a planter (650 mm wide x 225 mm long x 180 mm high). Two runner seedlings obtained from 2022 strawberry seedlings (variety: Akihime) were planted there, and this was designated Example 14 (October 21, 2023, experimental location: Tokyo). A black agricultural mulch sheet was placed on top of the culture soil. The soil was then watered once a day, and from November 4th, 800 mL of Hyponex concentrate manufactured by Hyponex Co., Ltd. was diluted with water to the specified concentration and applied once a week. Fruit was produced from February 2024 to March 2024, but fruit production stopped, so a total of 0.03 g of the high-temperature tolerance inducer of Example 3 was applied to the black agricultural mulch sheet in three separate applications between April 27, 2024, and July 13, 2024. No fruit was produced after May 2023, but by applying the high temperature tolerance inducer of Example 3, 10 sweet fruits were produced between May 19, 2024 and July 13, 2024.

[0061] <Evaluation of anti-algae properties> 0.2 g of the high-temperature tolerance inducers of Examples 3 and 7 was added to 4 L of HB-101 culture soil manufactured by Flora Co., Ltd., mixed well, and the mixture was then placed in a 5 L bucket. Water was added to the mixture, and two rice seedlings were planted. Thereafter, the mixture was watered once a day, and the water was maintained, and on the 15th day, observations were made to see if any algae had grown. Also, data for the case where the same culture soil was used but no high-temperature tolerance inducer was added is provided as reference data. Evaluation criteria: X: No algae grew. Y: Algae grew.

[0062] When the high-temperature tolerance inducer of Example 7, which did not contain a hydrophobic compound, was used, and when no high-temperature tolerance inducer was added, the anti-algae evaluation result was Y. In contrast, when the high-temperature tolerance inducer of Example 3, which contained a porous body and a hydrophobic compound, was used, the anti-algae evaluation result was X, which was good.

[0063] The thermotolerance inducer of the present invention has excellent durability of its effect even in high temperature and water environments. Therefore, by placing the thermotolerance inducer of the present invention directly or in any formulation on the ground or water surface around a plant having stomata, or by attaching the inducer to the plant or any support, a decrease in the quality and yield of the plant can be prevented.

Claims

1. A plant high temperature resistance inducer comprising a support in which an active ingredient, which is one or more compounds having a boiling point or sublimation point of 200°C or less, and a hydrophobic compound having a boiling point of more than 200°C are supported on a porous material.

2. The high temperature resistance inducer according to claim 1, wherein the hydrophobic compound has a solubility in water of less than 10 g / 100 mL.

3. The high temperature resistance inducer according to claim 2, wherein the hydrophobic compound is at least one selected from the group consisting of vegetable oils, mineral oils and wax esters.

4. The high temperature resistance inducer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the compound that is the active ingredient is an unsaturated carbonyl compound.

5. The high temperature resistance inducer according to claim 4, wherein the compound serving as the active ingredient is a compound represented by the following formula 1. １ -CH=CH-C(=O)-R ２ ...Formula 1, where R １ is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or an alkyl group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms; R ２ is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.

6. The high temperature resistance inducer according to claim 5, wherein the compound that is the active ingredient is 2-hexenal, 2-butenal, 2-pentenal, 2-heptenal, 1-penten-3-one, 3-penten-2-one, 4-hexen-3-one, 3-hepten-2-one or 2-octen-4-one.

7. The high temperature resistance inducer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the porous material is silica.

8. The high temperature resistance inducer according to claim 7, wherein the silica is at least one selected from the group consisting of porous silica, zeolite and montmorillonite.

9. The high temperature resistance inducer of claim 7, wherein the silica is silica gel.

10. The specific surface area of ​​the porous material is 100 to 1,000 m ２ The high temperature resistance inducer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the high temperature resistance inducer is 0.01 to 0.15g.

11. The high temperature resistance inducer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the content of the hydrophobic compound is 1 to 200 mass % based on the total mass of the porous material.

12. The high temperature resistance inducer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the content of the active ingredient is 0.1 to 10 mass % based on the total mass of the porous material.

13. A method for inducing high temperature tolerance in a plant, which comprises applying the high temperature tolerance inducer according to any one of claims 1 to 3 to the plant.

14. A method for inducing high temperature tolerance in a plant, comprising storing the high temperature tolerance inducer according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in a container having an opening or in a breathable packaging material, and placing the container or the packaging material on the ground or water surface around a plant having stomata.

15. A method for inducing high temperature tolerance in a plant, comprising placing the high temperature tolerance inducer according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in a container having an opening or in a breathable packaging material and attaching the container to a plant or a support.

16. A method for inducing high temperature tolerance in a plant, comprising spraying the high temperature tolerance inducer according to any one of claims 1 to 3 onto the ground or water surface around the plant.

17. A method for inducing high temperature tolerance in a plant, comprising fixing the high temperature tolerance inducer according to any one of claims 1 to 3 to the surface of a sheet or tape, and placing the sheet or tape on the ground or water surface around the plant.

18. A method for inducing high temperature tolerance in a plant, comprising fixing the high temperature tolerance inducer according to any one of claims 1 to 3 to the surface of a sheet or tape, and attaching the sheet or tape to a plant or a support.

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