Haptic actuator

Abstract

This haptic actuator positioned on the rear surface of a display panel comprises: a piezoelectric element for driving to generate vibration; and an amplification member which has a rear surface to which the piezoelectric element is attached, and which amplifies the vibration caused by the driving of the piezoelectric element so as to transmit the amplified vibration to the display panel, wherein two corner portions of the amplification member in a first direction are attached to the rear surface of the display panel, and the front surface of the amplification member is spaced apart from the rear surface of the display panel so as to form a gap, and the amplification member having the piezoelectric element attached to the rear surface thereof is positioned on the rear surface of the display panel so that the vibration caused by the driving of the piezoelectric element can be amplified.

Description

haptic actuator

[0001] The present invention relates to a haptic actuator having an amplifying member for amplifying vibrations generated by driving a piezoelectric element and transmitting the amplified vibrations to a display panel.

[0002] As computer-based systems advance, the ease of use of human-machine interfaces is becoming increasingly important. Human-machine interfaces must be intuitive and easy to use for everyone. Among interface devices, touchscreens and touchpads are among the most intuitive and easy to use.

[0003] A touch screen consists of a panel capable of tactile sensing and a display device. Typically, touch screens allow the position and function of a pointer within the touch screen to be controlled by direct contact with the screen from the outside.

[0004] Meanwhile, active development is underway for haptic feedback generators to provide haptic feedback to touchscreens. Here, haptics refers to the tactile sensation felt by the human fingertips when touching an object. It encompasses both tactile feedback, which occurs when the skin touches an object's surface, and kinesthetic force feedback, which occurs when joint and muscle movements are disrupted.

[0005] In particular, vibration effects, or vibrotactile haptic effects, can be useful for alerting users to certain events or providing realistic feedback to create greater sensory immersion within a simulated or virtual environment.

[0006] Piezoelectric elements are used in haptic technology to provide haptic feedback to users. Piezoelectric elements are components that generate voltage when subjected to external mechanical strain or generate vibrations by expanding or contracting when voltage is applied, resulting in the piezoelectric effect.

[0007] However, since piezoelectric elements have limitations in the vibration they can generate depending on their material, shape, or the magnitude of the applied voltage, a means to efficiently generate larger vibrations is required.

[0008] The present invention relates to a haptic actuator, and more specifically, to a haptic actuator capable of amplifying vibrations caused by the operation of a piezoelectric element by positioning an amplifying member having a piezoelectric element attached to the rear surface on the rear surface of a display panel.

[0009] In addition, the purpose of the amplifying member is to provide a haptic actuator capable of amplifying vibration caused by the operation of a piezoelectric element through various shapes in which both corners are attached to the back surface of the display panel and the front surface can be spaced apart from the back surface of the display panel.

[0010] In addition, the purpose is to provide a haptic actuator that can amplify vibration caused by driving a piezoelectric element while reducing the thickness of the amplifying member.

[0011] The problems to be solved by the present invention are not limited to the technical problems mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned can be clearly understood by a person having ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention belongs from the description below.

[0012] A haptic actuator located on the back of a display panel, comprising: a piezoelectric element that is driven to generate vibration; and an amplifying member that is attached to the back of the piezoelectric element and amplifies vibration caused by driving the piezoelectric element and transmits the vibration to the display panel, wherein the amplifying member has both corners in the first direction attached to the back of the display panel and a front surface spaced apart from the back of the display panel to form a gap.

[0013] The above-mentioned amplifying member may be bent to have a predetermined radius of curvature, and the thickness may increase from the center toward the opposite corners so that the attachment surfaces of the opposite corners are parallel to the back surface of the display panel.

[0014] The above piezoelectric element can be bent to have the same radius of curvature as the amplifying member.

[0015] The vertical distance from the back surface of the display panel to the back surface of the piezoelectric element may be 5 millimeters or less.

[0016] The radius of curvature of the above amplifying member may be 133 millimeters or more.

[0017] The amplifying member may include a flat surface formed on the back surface; and a support portion formed by bending at both sides of the flat surface so that the attachment surfaces of the corner portions on both sides are parallel to the back surface of the display panel.

[0018] The above support portion is formed to be bent so as to have a predetermined radius of curvature at both boundaries of the flat portion, and the radius of curvature of the support portion may be less than half a wavelength of the vibration generated by the piezoelectric element.

[0019] The above support portion is formed by being vertically bent at both sides of the plane portion, and the thickness of the support portion is 1 millimeter or more and may be less than half a wavelength of the vibration generated by the piezoelectric element.

[0020] The vertical distance from the back surface of the display panel to the front surface of the flat portion may be less than half a wavelength of the vibration generated by the piezoelectric element.

[0021] It may further include at least one support leg formed vertically on the front surface of the above-mentioned flat portion and attached to the back surface of the above-mentioned display panel.

[0022] The above flat portion may have different thicknesses at the center and at the boundary portions on both sides.

[0023] The thickness of the above piezoelectric element may be 0.3 millimeters or more and 0.5 millimeters or less.

[0024] The length of the piezoelectric element in the first direction may be 30 millimeters.

[0025] The above amplifying member may include a metal material or a plastic material.

[0026] The piezoelectric element may be attached to the back surface of the amplifying member, and an adhesive member may be further included for attaching the two corner portions of the amplifying member to the back surface of the display panel.

[0027] The above display panel may be a POLED (Plastic Organic Light Emitting Diodes Panel) panel.

[0028] The haptic actuator according to the present invention can amplify vibration caused by driving the piezoelectric element by positioning an amplifying member having a piezoelectric element attached to the back surface on the back surface of the display panel.

[0029] In addition, the amplifying member can amplify vibration caused by the operation of the piezoelectric element through various shapes in which both corners are attached to the back surface of the display panel and the front surface can be spaced apart from the back surface of the display panel.

[0030] In addition, it is possible to amplify vibration caused by driving a piezoelectric element while reducing the thickness of the amplifying member.

[0031] The effects that can be obtained from the present invention are not limited to the effects mentioned above, and other effects not mentioned can be clearly understood by a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs from the description below.

[0032] Figure 1 is a block diagram for explaining each component of the display device.

[0033] Figure 2 is an exploded view of a display device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] FIG. 3 is a rear view of a display device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a comparison between a conventional display device and a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] FIG. 5 is a drawing illustrating a pattern printed on the back surface of an optical substrate in a display device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating another embodiment of the display device of the present invention.

[0038] FIG. 7 is a drawing illustrating a reinforcing member attached to the back surface of a cover panel in a display device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] FIG. 8 is a drawing illustrating a support bar for fixing a support panel in a display device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Hereinafter, embodiments disclosed in this specification will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. Regardless of the drawing numbers, identical or similar components will be given the same reference numbers, and redundant descriptions thereof will be omitted. The suffixes "module" and "part" used for components in the following description are assigned or used interchangeably only for the convenience of writing the specification, and do not in themselves have distinct meanings or roles. In addition, when describing the embodiments disclosed in this specification, if it is determined that a specific description of a related known technology may obscure the gist of the embodiments disclosed in this specification, a detailed description thereof will be omitted. In addition, the attached drawings are only intended to facilitate easy understanding of the embodiments disclosed in this specification, and the technical ideas disclosed in this specification are not limited by the attached drawings, and should be understood to include all modifications, equivalents, and substitutes included in the spirit and technical scope of the present invention.

[0041] Terms that include ordinal numbers, such as first, second, etc., may be used to describe various components, but the components are not limited by these terms. These terms are used solely to distinguish one component from another.

[0042] When a component is referred to as being "connected" or "connected" to another component, it should be understood that it may be directly connected or connected to that other component, but that there may be other components intervening. Conversely, when a component is referred to as being "directly connected" or "connected" to another component, it should be understood that there are no other components intervening.

[0043] Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0044] In this application, terms such as “include” or “have” are intended to specify the presence of a feature, number, step, operation, component, part or combination thereof described in the specification, but should be understood not to exclude in advance the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof.

[0045] FIG. 1 is a drawing illustrating a haptic actuator (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a haptic actuator (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 3 and 4 are drawings for explaining the dimensions of a piezoelectric element (120) in a haptic actuator (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Hereinafter, in describing a haptic actuator (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention, the first direction, which is the left-right direction, will be described based on the x-axis direction, the direction toward the back will be described based on the y-axis direction, and the direction perpendicular to the first direction will be described based on the z-axis direction.

[0047] A haptic actuator (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention may be positioned on the back surface of a display panel (110) and may include a piezoelectric element (120) and an amplifying member (130). The piezoelectric element (120) serves to drive to generate vibration, and the piezoelectric element (120) may be attached to the back surface of the amplifying member (130). In addition, the amplifying member (130) may serve to amplify vibration caused by the driving of the piezoelectric element (120) and transmit the amplified vibration to the display panel (110). Here, the display panel (110) may include a POLED (Plastic Organic Light Emitting Diodes Panel) panel.

[0048] Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs) struggle to emit light on their own, so they rely on a backlight unit to supply light. The backlight unit is a device that evenly distributes the light from the light source to the liquid crystal display (LCD) located at the front. While backlight units are becoming thinner, enabling thinner LCDs, they are difficult to implement using flexible materials. Furthermore, bending the backlight unit hinders the supply of even light to the LCD, causing screen brightness to fluctuate.

[0049] On the other hand, in the case of LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes) or OLEDs (Organic Light Emitting Diodes), since each element that makes up a pixel emits light on its own, they can be implemented to be curved without using a backlight unit. In addition, since each element emits light on its own, even if the positional relationship with neighboring elements changes, its own brightness is not affected, so a curved display can be implemented.

[0050] LED panels utilize a single LED element as a pixel, allowing for smaller LED elements compared to conventional displays, enabling flexible displays. Furthermore, POLED panels utilize a flexible plastic substrate like polyethylene terephthalate (PET) instead of glass, enabling displays that can be bent, folded, or rolled.

[0051] For LCD panels, piezoelectric elements are positioned on the back of the LCD panel's bezel to implement haptic feedback. This is because the presence of air between the laminated layers of the LCD panel can reduce vibration propagation efficiency.

[0052] The vibration generated by the piezoelectric element located on the bezel of the LCD panel propagates horizontally across the LCD panel. However, as described above, the piezoelectric element has limitations in the vibration it can generate, depending on its material, shape, or the magnitude of the applied voltage.

[0053] On the other hand, unlike LCD panels, there is no air layer between the laminated layers of the POLED panel depending on the manufacturing method of the POLED panel. Therefore, even if the haptic actuator (100) according to an embodiment of the present invention is located on the back surface of the POLED panel rather than the bezel portion, the propagation efficiency of the vibration generated by the piezoelectric element (120) may not decrease. Hereinafter, amplifying the vibration by the piezoelectric element (120) through the amplifying member (130) of the present invention will be described in more detail.

[0054] In a haptic actuator (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention, the amplifying member (130) may be attached to the back surface of the display panel (110) with both corner portions (131) in the first direction (x-axis direction) and the front surface may be spaced apart from the back surface of the display panel (110) to form a gap. That is, since the center of the amplifying member (130) is spaced apart from the back surface of the display panel (110), vibration transmitted in a direction perpendicular to the display panel (110) (y-axis direction) may be amplified. Therefore, the haptic effect may be improved through vibration transmitted to the display panel (110) in a horizontal direction (x-axis direction) and a vertical direction (y-axis direction).

[0055] Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2 together, in a haptic actuator (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention, the amplifying member (130) may be bent to have a predetermined radius of curvature. In addition, the thickness may increase from the center toward the corners (131) on both sides so that the attachment surfaces of the corners (131) on both sides are parallel to the back surface of the display panel (110). That is, t2 may have a larger value than t1 in FIG. 2.

[0056] Additionally, the piezoelectric element (120) can be bent to have the same radius of curvature as the amplifying element (130). That is, the piezoelectric element (120) can be bent to have the same radius of curvature as the amplifying element (130) in order to be attached to the back surface of the amplifying element (130) that is bent to have a predetermined radius of curvature.

[0057] Here, the radius of curvature of the amplifying member (130) may be 133 millimeters or more. As the radius of curvature increases, the attachment area between the piezoelectric element (120) and the amplifying member (130) may increase, making it easier to transmit vibration generated from the piezoelectric element (120) to the display panel (110) through the amplifying member (130).

[0058] In addition, as the radius of curvature decreases, the distance between the back surface of the display panel (110) and the front surface of the amplifying member (130) increases, which may be advantageous in amplifying the vibration transmitted in the vertical direction to the display panel (110) described above. However, considering the rigidity of the piezoelectric element (120) against bending, the minimum radius of curvature of the amplifying member (130) of the haptic actuator (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention may be formed to be 133 millimeters.

[0059] In addition, considering the radius of curvature and the stiffness against bending of the piezoelectric element (120) described above, the thickness (t3) of the piezoelectric element (120) in the haptic actuator (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention may be 0.3 millimeters or more. However, if the thickness of the piezoelectric element (120) becomes thicker, the capacitance may decrease, which may deteriorate the performance of the piezoelectric element (120). Therefore, in the haptic actuator (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the piezoelectric element (120) may be 0.5 millimeters or less in consideration of the performance aspect of the piezoelectric element (120).

[0060] In addition, the haptic actuator (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention may have a vertical distance (d1) from the back surface of the display panel (110) to the back surface of the piezoelectric element (120) of 5 millimeters or less, as illustrated in FIG. 1. This is to solve the problem of conventional vibration amplifying structures being large in size or thick, and to amplify vibration and improve the haptic effect while reducing the thickness of the haptic actuator (100) of the present invention to 5 millimeters or less through the shape of the amplifying member (130) described above.

[0061] Additionally, in the haptic actuator (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention, the amplifying member (130) may include a metal material or a plastic material. This is because the stiffness or elastic modulus of the amplifying member (130) is related to the amplification of vibration.

[0062] That is, the greater the rigidity or elastic modulus of the amplifying member (130), the easier it is to amplify the vibration. Therefore, as an embodiment of the present invention, the metal material may include a material with high rigidity, such as aluminum. In addition, since the haptic actuator (100) according to an embodiment of the present invention can amplify the vibration generated from the piezoelectric element (120) through the shape of the amplifying member (130), it may include not only a metal material or a plastic material, but also other materials with rigidity or elasticity.

[0063] And, the haptic actuator (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention may further include an adhesive member (140) for attaching a piezoelectric element (120) to the back surface of an amplifying member (130) and attaching both corner portions (131) of the amplifying member (130) to the back surface of a display panel (110).

[0064] Here, as an embodiment of the present invention, the stiffness of the adhesive member (140) may be 3 GPa or more to amplify vibration. In addition, as an embodiment of the present invention, the adhesive member (140) may be applied between the piezoelectric element (120) and the back surface of the amplifying member (130), and between the corner portions (131) on both sides of the amplifying member (130) and the back surface of the display panel (110) with a thickness of 100 micrometers or more and 250 micrometers or less.

[0065] FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are drawings for explaining the dimensions of a piezoelectric element (120) in a haptic actuator (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0066] The haptic actuator (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention needs to secure a predetermined area so that a resonant frequency of about 60 kHz can be generated. Referring to FIG. 2, the length (L1) of the piezoelectric element (120) in the first direction (x-axis direction) may be 30 millimeters, and the length (L2) in the second direction (z-axis direction) perpendicular to the first direction may be 30 millimeters.

[0067] In addition, in order to generate a resonant frequency of about 60 kHz, the length (L1) in the first direction (x-axis direction) may be 30 millimeters, and the length (L2) in the second direction (z-axis direction) may be 30 millimeters or more. Therefore, referring to FIGS. 3 and 4 together, the length (L3) of the amplifying member (130) and the piezoelectric element (120) in the second direction (z-axis direction) is formed to be 30 millimeters or more, thereby securing a sufficient area on the back surface of the display panel (110), thereby further enhancing the haptic effect.

[0068] FIG. 5 is a drawing for explaining amplifying vibration by driving a piezoelectric element (120) through an amplifying member (130) of a haptic actuator (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 6 to 8 are drawings illustrating other embodiments of the haptic actuator (100) of the present invention.

[0069] In a haptic actuator (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention, the amplifying member (130) may include a flat surface portion (132) formed with a flat back surface and a support portion (133) formed by bending at both sides of the flat surface portion (132) so that the attachment surfaces of the corner portions (131) on both sides are parallel to the back surface of the display panel (110).

[0070] That is, to comprehensively explain the above-described matters through FIGS. 1 to 4, the haptic actuator (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention can amplify vibration transmitted in a direction perpendicular to the display panel (110) (y-axis direction) by having the center of the amplifying member (130) spaced apart from the back surface of the display panel (110). Therefore, the haptic effect can be improved through vibration transmitted in a horizontal direction (x-axis direction) and a vertical direction (y-axis direction) to the display panel (110).

[0071] At this time, as described above, there may be limitations in the rigidity of the amplifying member (130) and the piezoelectric element (120) that are bent to have a predetermined radius of curvature, and difficulties in attaching both corners of the amplifying member (130) to the back of the display panel. Reflecting these points, various embodiments regarding the shape of the amplifying member (130) are illustrated in FIGS. 5 to 8. That is, the various embodiments of the present invention illustrated in FIGS. 5 to 8 can amplify vibration even without bending the piezoelectric element (120). In addition, the various embodiments of the present invention illustrated in FIGS. 5 to 8 can be free in setting the thickness of the piezoelectric element (120) and the amplifying member (130).

[0072] First, as illustrated in FIG. 5, in the haptic actuator (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention, the support portion (133) of the amplifying member (130) may be formed to be bent so as to have a predetermined radius of curvature at both boundaries of the flat portion (132). At this time, the radius of curvature of the support portion (133) may be less than or equal to half a wavelength of the vibration generated by the piezoelectric element (120). In addition, the thickness of the flat portion (132) of the amplifying member (130) may be less than or equal to half a wavelength of the vibration generated by the piezoelectric element (120). In addition, by making the front surface of the flat portion (132) of the amplifying member (130) spaced apart from the back surface of the display panel (110), the vibration generated from the piezoelectric element (120) may be amplified, thereby improving the haptic effect.

[0073] In addition, as illustrated in FIG. 6, in the haptic actuator (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention, the support portion (133) of the amplifying member (130) may be formed by being vertically bent at both sides of the plane portion (132). At this time, the thickness (t4) of the support portion (133) may be 1 millimeter or more and may be less than half a wavelength of the vibration generated by the piezoelectric element (120). This may be a value for stably supporting the plane portion (132) through the support portion (133) while amplifying the vibration.

[0074] And the vertical distance (L4) from the back surface of the display panel (110) to the front surface of the flat portion (132), i.e., the length of the support portion (133), may be less than half a wavelength of the vibration generated by the piezoelectric element (120). And through this, by making the front surface of the flat portion (132) of the amplifying member (130) spaced apart from the back surface of the display panel (110), the vibration generated from the piezoelectric element (120) can be amplified, thereby improving the haptic effect.

[0075] In addition, as illustrated in FIG. 7, the haptic actuator (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention may further include at least one support leg (134) formed vertically on the front surface of the flat portion (132) and attached to the back surface of the display panel (110). Referring also to FIG. 5, the support leg (134) may further amplify the vibration transmitted in the direction perpendicular to the display panel (110) (y-axis direction). In addition, by making the front surface of the flat portion (132) of the amplifying member (130) spaced apart from the back surface of the display panel (110), the vibration generated from the piezoelectric element (120) may be amplified, thereby improving the haptic effect.

[0076] In addition, as illustrated in FIG. 8, in the haptic actuator (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the central portion and the thickness of the boundary portions on both sides of the flat portion (132) may be different. This is because the front of the flat portion (132) may be spaced apart from the back surface of the display panel (110), and the vibration generated from the piezoelectric element (120) may be amplified through the support portion (133) formed by vertically bending on both sides of the flat portion (132). That is, referring to FIG. 8, the haptic actuator (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention may implement the amplifying member (130) in various shapes to amplify the vibration generated from the piezoelectric element (120), thereby improving the haptic effect.

[0077] In summary, the haptic actuator according to the present invention can amplify vibration caused by the actuation of a piezoelectric element by positioning an amplifying member having a piezoelectric element attached to the back surface thereof on the back surface of a display panel. In addition, the amplifying member can amplify vibration caused by the actuation of the piezoelectric element through various shapes in which both corners are attached to the back surface of the display panel and the front surface can be spaced apart from the back surface of the display panel. In addition, vibration caused by the actuation of the piezoelectric element can be amplified while reducing the thickness of the amplifying member.

[0078] The above detailed description should not be construed as limiting in any respect and should be considered illustrative only. The scope of the present invention should be determined by a reasonable interpretation of the appended claims, and all modifications within the equivalent scope of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. In a haptic actuator located on the back of the display panel, A piezoelectric element that drives the vibration; and The piezoelectric element is attached to the back surface, and includes an amplifying member that amplifies the vibration caused by the driving of the piezoelectric element and transmits it to the display panel. The above amplifying member is, A haptic actuator having both corners in the first direction attached to the back surface of the display panel and a front surface spaced apart from the back surface of the display panel to form a gap.

2. In paragraph 1, The above amplifying member is, Bends to have a predetermined radius of curvature, A haptic actuator characterized in that the thickness of the attachment surfaces of the above-mentioned corners increases from the center toward the above-mentioned corners so that the attachment surfaces are parallel to the back surface of the display panel.

3. In paragraph 2, The above piezoelectric element, A haptic actuator characterized in that it is bent to have the same radius of curvature as the amplifying member.

4. In paragraph 3, A haptic actuator characterized in that the vertical distance from the back surface of the display panel to the back surface of the piezoelectric element is 5 millimeters or less.

5. In paragraph 3, A haptic actuator characterized in that the radius of curvature of the amplifying member is 133 millimeters or more.

6. In paragraph 1, The above amplifying member is, A flat surface formed with the above back surface; and A haptic actuator characterized in that it includes a support portion formed by bending at both sides of the flat portion so that the attachment surfaces of the both side corner portions are parallel to the back surface of the display panel.

7. In paragraph 6, The above support part, It is formed by being bent to have a predetermined radius of curvature at both sides of the above-mentioned flat surface, A haptic actuator characterized in that the radius of curvature of the support is less than half a wavelength of the vibration generated by the piezoelectric element.

8. In paragraph 6, The above support part, It is formed by vertically bending on both sides of the above-mentioned flat surface, A haptic actuator characterized in that the thickness of the support member is 1 millimeter or more and is less than half a wavelength of the vibration generated by the piezoelectric element.

9. In paragraph 8, A haptic actuator characterized in that the vertical distance from the back surface of the display panel to the front surface of the flat portion is less than half a wavelength of the vibration generated by the piezoelectric element.

10. In paragraph 9, A haptic actuator characterized in that it further includes at least one support leg formed vertically on the front surface of the flat portion and attached to the back surface of the display panel.

11. In paragraph 6, The above flat surface is, A haptic actuator characterized by having different thicknesses at the center and at the borders on both sides.

12. In paragraph 1, A haptic actuator characterized in that the thickness of the piezoelectric element is 0.3 millimeters or more and 0.5 millimeters or less.

13. In paragraph 12, A haptic actuator characterized in that the length of the piezoelectric element in the first direction is 30 millimeters.

14. In paragraph 1, The above amplifying member is, A haptic actuator characterized by comprising a metal material or a plastic material.

15. In paragraph 1, A haptic actuator characterized in that it further includes an adhesive member for attaching the piezoelectric element to the back surface of the amplifying member and attaching the two corner portions of the amplifying member to the back surface of the display panel.

16. In paragraph 1, The above display panel, A haptic actuator characterized by a POLED (Plastic Organic Light Emitting Diodes Panel) panel.

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