Adaptive quality of service / quality of experience resource type for quality of service

Abstract

A method, apparatus, and computer program product are provided. In the context of a method, the method receives a quality of service profile including a range of quality of service attribute values or a first limit value, where the range of quality of service attribute values describe a range of authorized quality of service configurations. The method determines, when the first limit value is received, a second limit value, where the first limit value and the second limit value define the range of quality of service attribute values. The method determines a first quality of service configuration based on the range of quality of service attributes, where the first quality of service configuration describes a set of quality of service attribute values within the range of quality of service attribute values. The method applies the first quality of service configuration to communications with a user equipment.

Description

[0001] ADAPTIVE QUALITY OF SERVICE / QUALITY OF EXPERIENCE RESOURCE TYPE FOR QUALITY OF SERVICE TECHNOLOGICAL FIELDVarious example embodiments described in this subject disclosure generally relate to an adaptiveresource type, and more particularly (but not exclusively to), to an adaptive resource type coveringa range of quality of service attributes. BACKGROUND Within the 5G quality of service framework, there are three categories of resource types: non- guaranteed bit rate resource type, guaranteed bit rate resource type, and delay-critical guaranteed bit rate resource type. Resource types determine whether dedicated network resources related to a quality of service flow are reserved (e.g., by an admission control function in a radio base station). Resource types define an expected behavior in a network (e.g., a gNB scheduler) to fulfill quality of service requirements in a quality of service flow. SUMMARY Some example embodiments of the subject disclosure will be described with respect to certainfeatures. These features are not intended to indicate key or essential features of the various exampleembodiments of the subject disclosure, nor are they intended to be used to limit the scope thereof. Other features, aspects and elements of the subject disclosure will be readily apparent to a person skilled in the art. In an example embodiment, a method is provided that includes receiving, from a core network node, a quality of service profile including at least one of a range of quality of service attribute values or a first limit value of a quality of service attribute, wherein the range of quality of service attribute values describe a range of authorized quality of service configurations. The method includes determining, when the first limit value of the quality of service attribute is received, a second limit value of the quality of service attribute, wherein the first limit value and the second limit value define the range of quality of service attribute values. The method includes determining a first quality of service configuration based at least on the range of quality of service attributes, wherein the first quality of service configuration describes a first set of quality of service attribute values within the range of quality of service attribute values. The method includes applying the first quality of service configuration to communications with a user equipment.The method of an example embodiment includes, based on a triggering event, determining asecond quality of service configuration within the range of authorized quality of service configurations based at least on the triggering event, wherein the second quality of service configuration describes a second set of quality of service attribute values within the range of quality of service attribute values. The method includes applying the second quality of service configuration to communications with the user equipment. The method of an example embodiment includes causing transmission of a notification of updated configuration to the core network node, wherein the notification of updated configuration includes information indicating at least one reason for updated configuration. The method of an example embodiment includes causing transmission of a notification of updated configuration to an application function, wherein the notification of updated configuration includes information indicating at least one reason for updated configuration. In one or more example embodiments, the triggering event includes a change in network conditions. In one or more example embodiments, the change in network conditions is signaled from lower layers of an NG-RAN protocol stack. In one or more example embodiments, the change in network conditions is determined at upper layers of an NG-RAN protocol stack. In one or more example embodiments, the range of quality of service attribute values includes at least one of a minimum guaranteed bit rate, a target packet delay budget, or a target packet error rate. In one or more example embodiments, the range of quality of service attribute values further includes at least one of a target bit rate, a maximum packet delay budget, a maximum packet error rate, a maximum data burst volume for the minimum guaranteed bit rate, or a maximum data burst volume for the maximum packet delay budget. In one or more example embodiments, the first quality of service configuration further describes resource allocation. In one or more example embodiments, the first quality of service configuration further describes a radio interface configuration. In more example embodiments, a method is provided that includes determining a first quality ofservice profile including at least one of a range of quality of service attribute values or a first limitvalue of a quality of service attribute, wherein the range of quality of service attribute values describe a range of authorized quality of service configurations. The method includes causing transmission, to a radio access network node, of the first quality of service profile. The method of an example embodiment includes causing transmission, to a user equipment, of the quality of service profile. In one or more example embodiments, the range of quality of service attribute values includes at least one of a minimum guaranteed bit rate, a target packet delay budget, or a target packet error rate. In one or more example embodiments, the range of quality of service attribute values further includes at least one of a target bit rate, a maximum packet delay budget, a maximum packet error rate, a maximum data burst volume for the minimum guaranteed bit rate, or a maximum data burst volume for the maximum packet delay budget. The method of an example embodiment includes, prior to determining the first quality of service profile, receiving a suggested quality of service profile including at least one of a suggested range of quality of service attribute values or a suggested first limit value of a quality of service attribute, wherein the range of quality of service attribute values is determined based at least on the suggested range of quality of service attribute values. The method includes determining, when the suggested first limit value of the quality of service attribute is received, a second limit value of the quality of service attribute, wherein the suggested first limit value and the second limit value define the suggested range of quality of service attribute values.In one or more example embodiments, a suggested quality of service profile is received in a qualityof service request from the user equipment.In one or more example embodiments, a suggested quality of service profile is received in a qualityof service request from an application function.In one or more example embodiments, the first quality of service profile is determined based ontraffic analysis. The method of an example embodiment includes receiving, from the radio access network node, a notification of updated configuration, wherein the notification of updated configuration includesinformation indicating at least one reason for updated configuration.In an example embodiment, a method is provided that includes receiving, from a core network node, a range of quality of service attribute values, wherein the range of quality of service attribute values describe a range of authorized quality of service configurations. The method includes receiving, from a radio access network node, a first quality of service configuration determined based at least on the range of quality of service attributes, wherein the first quality of service configuration describes a first set of quality of service attribute values within the range of quality of service attribute values. The method includes applying the first quality of service configuration to communications with the radio access network node. In one or more example embodiments, the range of quality of service attribute values includes at least one of a minimum guaranteed bit rate, a target packet delay budget, or a target packet error rate. In one or more example embodiments, the range of quality of service attribute values further includes at least one of a target bit rate, a maximum packet delay budget, a maximum packet error rate, a maximum data burst volume for the minimum guaranteed bit rate, or a maximum data burst volume for the maximum packet delay budget.The method of an example embodiment includes determining a suggested quality of service profileincluding at least one of a suggested range of quality of service attribute values or a suggested firstlimit value of a quality of service attribute, wherein the suggested quality of service profile is basedon a minimum quality of experience. The method includes causing transmission of a quality ofservice request including the suggested quality of service profile to the core network node.In one or more example embodiments, the suggested quality of service profile is further determinedbased on traffic analysis.The method of an example embodiment includes, based on a triggering event, receiving a secondquality of service configuration, wherein the second quality of service configuration describes a second set of quality of service attribute values within the range of quality of service attribute values. The method includes applying the second quality of service configuration to communications with the radio access network node. In one or more example embodiments, the triggering event includes a change in network conditions or a resulting quality of experience. In an example embodiment, an apparatus is provided that includes at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code with the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to receive, from a core network node, a quality of service profile including at least one of a range of quality of service attribute values or a first limit value of a quality of service attribute, wherein the range of quality of service attribute values describe a range of authorized quality of service configurations. The at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to determine, when the first limit value of the quality of service attribute is received, a second limit value of the quality of service attribute, wherein the first limit value and the second limit value define the range of quality of service attribute values. The at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to determine a first quality of service configuration based at least on the range of quality of service attributes, wherein the first quality of service configuration describes a first set of quality of service attribute values within the range of quality of service attribute values. The at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to apply the first quality of service configuration to communications with a user equipment. In one or more example embodiments, the at least one memory and the computer program codeare further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to, based on atriggering event, determine a second quality of service configuration within the range of authorized quality of service configurations based at least on the triggering event, wherein the second quality of service configuration describes a second set of quality of service attribute values within the range of quality of service attribute values. The at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to apply the second quality of service configuration to communications with the user equipment. In one or more example embodiments, the at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to cause transmission of a notification of updated configuration to the core network node, wherein the notification ofupdated configuration includes information indicating at least one reason for updatedconfiguration. In one or more example embodiments, the at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to cause transmission of a notification of updated configuration to an application function, wherein the notification of updated configuration includes information indicating at least one reason for updated configuration. In one or more example embodiments, the triggering event includes a change in network conditions. In one or more example embodiments, the change in network conditions is signaled from lower layers of an NG-RAN protocol stack. In one or more example embodiments, the change in network conditions is determined at upper layers of an NG-RAN protocol stack. In one or more example embodiments, the range of quality of service attribute values includes at least one of a minimum guaranteed bit rate, a target packet delay budget, or a target packet error rate. In one or more example embodiments, the range of quality of service attribute values further includes at least one of a target bit rate, a maximum packet delay budget, a maximum packet error rate, a maximum data burst volume for the minimum guaranteed bit rate, or a maximum data burst volume for the maximum packet delay budget. In one or more example embodiments, the first quality of service configuration further describes resource allocation. In one or more example embodiments, the first quality of service configuration further describes a radio interface configuration. In an example embodiment, an apparatus is provided that includes at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code with the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to determine first quality of service profile comprising at least one of a range of quality of serviceattribute values or a first limit value of a quality of service attribute, wherein the range of qualityof service attribute values describe a range of authorized quality of service configurations. The at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to cause transmission, to a radio access network node, of the first quality of service profile. In one or more example embodiments, the at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to cause transmission, to a user equipment, of the first quality of service profile. In one or more example embodiments, the range of quality of service attribute values includes at least one of a minimum guaranteed bit rate, a target packet delay budget, or a target packet error rate. In one or more example embodiments, the range of quality of service attribute values further includes at least one of a target bit rate, a maximum packet delay budget, a maximum packet error rate, a maximum data burst volume for the minimum guaranteed bit rate, or a maximum data burst volume for the maximum packet delay budget. In one or more example embodiments, the at least one memory and the computer program codeare further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to, prior todetermining the first quality of service profile, receive a suggested quality of service profile including at least one of a suggested range of quality of service attribute values or a suggested first limit value of a quality of service attribute, wherein the range of quality of service attribute values is determined based at least on the suggested range of quality of service attribute values. The at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to determine, when the suggested first limit value of the quality of service attribute is received, a second limit value of the quality of service attribute, wherein the suggested first limit value and the second limit value define the suggested range of quality of service attribute values.In one or more example embodiments, the suggested quality of service profile is received in aquality of service request from the user equipment.In one or more example embodiments, the suggested quality of service profile is received in aquality of service request from an application function.In one or more example embodiments, the first quality of service profile is determined based ontraffic analysis. In one or more example embodiments, the at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to receive, from the radio access network node, a notification of updated configuration, wherein the notification of updated configuration includes information indicating at least one reason for updated configuration. In an example embodiment, an apparatus is provided that includes at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code with the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to receive, from a core network node, a range of quality of service attribute values, wherein the range of quality of service attribute values describe a range of authorized quality of service configurations. The at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to receive, from a radio access network node, a first quality of service configuration determined based at least on the range of quality of service attributes, wherein the first quality of service configuration describes a first set of quality of service attribute values within the range of quality of service attribute values. The at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to apply the first quality of service configuration to communications with the radio access network node. In one or more example embodiments, the range of quality of service attribute values includes at least one of a minimum guaranteed bit rate, a target packet delay budget, or a target packet error rate. In one or more example embodiments, the range of quality of service attribute values further includes at least one of a target bit rate, a maximum packet delay budget, a maximum packet error rate, a maximum data burst volume for the minimum guaranteed bit rate, or a maximum data burst volume for the maximum packet delay budget. In one or more example embodiments, the at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to determine a suggested quality of service profile including at least one of a suggested range of quality of serviceattribute values or a suggested first limit value of a quality of service attribute, wherein thesuggested quality of service profile is based on a minimum quality of experience. The at least onememory and the computer program code are further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to cause transmission of a quality of service request including the suggestedquality of service profile to the core network node.In one or more example embodiments, the suggested quality of service profile is further determinedbased on traffic analysis. In one or more example embodiments, the at least one memory and the computer program codeare further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to, based on atriggering event, receive a second quality of service configuration, wherein the second quality of service configuration describes a second set of quality of service attribute values within the range of quality of service attribute values. The at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to apply the second quality of service configuration to communications with the radio access network node. In one or more example embodiments, the triggering event includes a change in network conditions or a resulting quality of experience. In an example embodiment, a non-transitory computer readable storage medium is provided including computer instructions that, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to at least receive, from a core network node, a quality of service profile including at least one of a range of quality of service attribute values or a first limit value of a quality of service attribute, wherein the range of quality of service attribute values describe a range of authorized quality of service configurations. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium further includescomputer instructions configured, upon execution, to determine, when the first limit value of thequality of service attribute is received, a second limit value of the quality of service attribute, wherein the first limit value and the second limit value define the range of quality of service attribute values. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium further includes computerinstructions configured, upon execution, to determine a first quality of service configuration basedat least on the range of quality of service attributes, wherein the first quality of service configuration describes a first set of quality of service attribute values within the range of quality of service attribute values. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium further includescomputer instructions configured, upon execution, to apply the first quality of serviceconfiguration to communications with a user equipment.In one or more example embodiments the non-transitory computer readable storage mediumfurther includes computer instructions configured, upon execution, to, based on a triggering event,determine a second quality of service configuration within the range of authorized quality of service configurations based at least on the triggering event, wherein the second quality of service configuration describes a second set of quality of service attribute values within the range of quality of service attribute values. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium furtherincludes computer instructions configured, upon execution, to apply the second quality of serviceconfiguration to communications with the user equipment. In one or more example embodiments, the non-transitory computer readable storage mediumfurther includes computer instructions configured, upon execution, to cause transmission of anotification of updated configuration to the core network node, wherein the notification of updated configuration includes information indicating at least one reason for updated configuration. In one or more example embodiments, the non-transitory computer readable storage mediumfurther includes computer instructions configured, upon execution, to cause transmission of anotification of updated configuration to an application function, wherein the notification of updated configuration includes information indicating at least one reason for updated configuration. In one or more example embodiments, the triggering event includes a change in network conditions. In one or more example embodiments, the change in network conditions is signaled from lower layers of an NG-RAN protocol stack. In one or more example embodiments, the change in network conditions is determined at upper layers of an NG-RAN protocol stack. In one or more example embodiments, the range of quality of service attribute values includes at least one of a minimum guaranteed bit rate, a target packet delay budget, or a target packet error rate. In one or more example embodiments, the range of quality of service attribute values further includes at least one of a target bit rate, a maximum packet delay budget, a maximum packet error rate, a maximum data burst volume for the minimum guaranteed bit rate, or a maximum data burst volume for the maximum packet delay budget. In one or more example embodiments, the first quality of service configuration further describes resource allocation. In one or more example embodiments, the first quality of service configuration further describes a radio interface configuration. In an example embodiment, a non-transitory computer readable storage medium is provided including computer instructions that, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to atleast determine a first quality of service profile comprising at least one of a range of quality ofservice attribute values or a first limit value of a quality of service attribute, wherein the range ofquality of service attribute values describe a range of authorized quality of service configurations. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium further includes computer instructionsconfigured, upon execution, to with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to causetransmission, to a radio access network node, of the first quality of service profile. In one or more example embodiments, the non-transitory computer readable storage mediumfurther includes computer instructions configured, upon execution, to cause transmission, to a userequipment, of the first quality of service profile. In one or more example embodiments, the range of quality of service attribute values includes at least one of a minimum guaranteed bit rate, a target packet delay budget, or a target packet error rate. In one or more example embodiments, the range of quality of service attribute values further includes at least one of a target bit rate, a maximum packet delay budget, a maximum packet error rate, a maximum data burst volume for the minimum guaranteed bit rate, or a maximum data burst volume for the maximum packet delay budget. In one or more example embodiments, the non-transitory computer readable storage medium further includes computer instructions configured, upon execution, to, prior to determining the range of quality of service attribute values, receive a suggested quality of service profile including at least one of a suggested range of quality of service attribute values or a suggested first limit value of a quality of service attribute, wherein the range of quality of service attribute values is determined based at least on the suggested range of quality of service attribute values. The non- transitory computer readable storage medium further includes computer instructions configured,upon execution, to determine, when the suggested first limit value of the quality of service attributeis received, a second limit value of the quality of service attribute, wherein the suggested first limit value and the second limit value define the suggested range of quality of service attribute values.In one or more example embodiments, the suggested quality of service profile is received in aquality of service request from the user equipment.In one or more example embodiments, the suggested quality of service profile is received in aquality of service request from an application function.In one or more example embodiments, the first quality of service profile is determined based ontraffic analysis. In one or more example embodiments, the non-transitory computer readable storage mediumfurther includes computer instructions configured, upon execution, to receive, from the radioaccess network node, a notification of updated configuration, wherein the notification of updated configuration includes information indicating at least one reason for updated configuration. In an example embodiment, a non-transitory computer readable storage medium is provided including computer instructions that, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to at least receive, from a core network node, a range of quality of service attribute values, wherein the range of quality of service attribute values describe a range of authorized quality of service configurations. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium further includes computerinstructions configured, upon execution, to receive, from a radio access network node, a firstquality of service configuration determined based at least on the range of quality of service attributes, wherein the first quality of service configuration describes a first set of quality of service attribute values within the range of quality of service attribute values. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium further includes computer instructions configured, upon execution, to apply the first quality of service configuration to communications with the radio access network node. In one or more example embodiments, the range of quality of service attribute values includes at least one of a minimum guaranteed bit rate, a target packet delay budget, or a target packet error rate. In one or more example embodiments, the range of quality of service attribute values further includes at least one of a target bit rate, a maximum packet delay budget, a maximum packet error rate, a maximum data burst volume for the minimum guaranteed bit rate, or a maximum data burst volume for the maximum packet delay budget. In one or more example embodiments, the non-transitory computer readable storage mediumfurther includes computer instructions configured, upon execution, to determine a suggestedquality of service profile including at least one of a suggested range of quality of service attributevalues or a suggested first limit value of a quality of service attribute, wherein the suggested qualityof service profile is based on a minimum quality of experience. The non-transitory computerreadable storage medium further includes computer instructions configured, upon execution, to cause transmission of a quality of service request including the suggested quality of service profile to the core network node.In one or more example embodiments, the suggested quality of service profile is further determinedbased on traffic analysis. In one or more example embodiments, the non-transitory computer readable storage mediumfurther includes computer instructions configured, upon execution, to, based on a triggering event,receive a second quality of service configuration, wherein the second quality of service configuration describes a second set of quality of service attribute values within the range of quality of service attribute values. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium furtherincludes computer instructions configured, upon execution, to apply the second quality of serviceconfiguration to communications with the radio access network node. In one or more example embodiments, the triggering event includes a change in network conditions or a resulting quality of experience. In one or more example embodiments, an apparatus is provided including means for receiving, from a core network node, a quality of service profile including at least one of a range of quality of service attribute values or a first limit value of a quality of service attribute, wherein the range of quality of service attribute values describe a range of authorized quality of serviceconfigurations. The apparatus further includes means for determining, when the first limit valueof the quality of service attribute is received, a second limit value of the quality of service attribute, wherein the first limit value and the second limit value define the range of quality of serviceattribute values. The apparatus further includes means for determining a first quality of serviceconfiguration based at least on the range of quality of service attributes, wherein the first quality of service configuration describes a first set of quality of service attribute values within the rangeof quality of service attribute values. The apparatus further includes means for applying the firstquality of service configuration to communications with a user equipment.In one or more example embodiments, the apparatus further includes means for, based on atriggering event, determining a second quality of service configuration within the range of authorized quality of service configurations based at least on the triggering event, wherein the second quality of service configuration describes a second set of quality of service attribute values within the range of quality of service attribute values. In one or more example embodiments, the apparatus further includes means for applying the second quality of service configuration to communications with the user equipment. In one or more example embodiments, the apparatus further includes means for causing transmission of a notification of updated configuration to the core network node, wherein the notification of updated configuration includes information indicating at least one reason for updated configuration. In one or more example embodiments, the apparatus further includes means for causing transmission of a notification of updated configuration to an application function, wherein the notification of updated configuration includes information indicating at least one reason for updated configuration. In one or more example embodiments, the triggering event includes a change in network conditions. In one or more example embodiments, the change in network conditions is signaled from lower layers of an NG-RAN protocol stack. In one or more example embodiments, the change in network conditions is determined at upper layers of an NG-RAN protocol stack. In one or more example embodiments, the range of quality of service attribute values includes at least one of a minimum guaranteed bit rate, a target packet delay budget, or a target packet error rate. In one or more example embodiments, the range of quality of service attribute values further includes at least one of a target bit rate, a maximum packet delay budget, a maximum packet error rate, a maximum data burst volume for the minimum guaranteed bit rate, or a maximum data burst volume for the maximum packet delay budget. In one or more example embodiments, the first quality of service configuration further describes resource allocation. In one or more example embodiments, the first quality of service configuration further describes a radio interface configuration. In one or more example embodiments, an apparatus is provided that includes means for determining a first quality of service profile comprising at least one of a range of quality of service attribute values, wherein the range of quality of service attribute values describe a range ofauthorized quality of service configurations or a first limit value of a quality of service attribute.The apparatus further includes means for causing transmission, to a radio access network node, of the first quality of service profile. In one or more example embodiments, he apparatus further includes means for causing transmission, to a user equipment, of first quality of service profile. In one or more example embodiments, the range of quality of service attribute values includes at least one of a minimum guaranteed bit rate, a target packet delay budget, or a target packet error rate. In one or more example embodiments, the range of quality of service attribute values further includes at least one of a target bit rate, a maximum packet delay budget, a maximum packet error rate, a maximum data burst volume for the minimum guaranteed bit rate, or a maximum data burst volume for the maximum packet delay budget. In one or more example embodiments, the apparatus further includes means for, prior to determining the range of quality of service attribute values, receiving a suggested quality of service profile including at least one of a suggested range of quality of service attribute values or a suggested first limit value of a quality of service attribute, wherein the range of quality of serviceattribute values is determined based at least on the suggested range of quality of service attributevalues. The apparatus further includes means for determining, when the suggested first limit value of the quality of service attribute is received, a second limit value of the quality of service attribute, wherein the suggested first limit value and the second limit value define the suggested range of quality of service attribute values.In one or more example embodiments, the suggested quality of service profile is received in aquality of service request from the user equipment.In one or more example embodiments, the suggested quality of service profile is received in aquality of service request from an application function.In one or more example embodiments, the first quality of service profile is determined based ontraffic analysis. In one or more example embodiments, the apparatus further includes means for receiving, from the radio access network node, a notification of updated configuration, wherein the notification of updated configuration includes information indicating at least one reason for updated configuration. In one or more example embodiments, an apparatus is provided that includes means for receiving, from a core network node, a range of quality of service attribute values, wherein the range of quality of service attribute values describe a range of authorized quality of service configurations. In one or more example embodiments, the apparatus further includes means for receiving, from a radio access network node, a first quality of service configuration determined based at least on the range of quality of service attributes, wherein the first quality of service configuration describes a first set of quality of service attribute values within the range of quality of service attribute values. In one or more example embodiments, the apparatus further includes means for applying the first quality of service configuration to communications with the radio access network node. In one or more example embodiments, the range of quality of service attribute values includes at least one of a minimum guaranteed bit rate, a target packet delay budget, or a target packet error rate. In one or more example embodiments, the range of quality of service attribute values further includes at least one of a target bit rate, a maximum packet delay budget, a maximum packet error rate, a maximum data burst volume for the minimum guaranteed bit rate, or a maximum data burst volume for the maximum packet delay budget. In one or more example embodiments, the apparatus further includes means for determining a suggested quality of service profile including at least one of a suggested range of quality of serviceattribute values or a suggested first limit value of a quality of service attribute, wherein thesuggested quality of service profile is based on a minimum quality of experience. The apparatusfurther includes means for causing transmission of a quality of service request including thesuggested quality of service profile to the core network node.In one or more example embodiments, the suggested quality of service profile is further determinedbased on traffic analysis.In one or more example embodiments, the apparatus further includes means for, based on atriggering event, receiving a second quality of service configuration, wherein the second quality of service configuration describes a second set of quality of service attribute values within the range of quality of service attribute values. In one or more example embodiments, the apparatus further includes means for applying the second quality of service configuration to communications with the radio access network node. In one or more example embodiments, the triggering event includes a change in network conditions or a resulting quality of experience.In the above, many different example embodiments have been described. It should be appreciatedthat further example embodiments may be provided by the combination of any two or more of theexample embodiments described above.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Having thus described certain example embodiments of the subject disclosure in general terms, reference will hereinafter be made to the accompanying drawings, which are not necessarily drawn to scale, and wherein: FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a system including user equipment, a base station, a core network node, and an application function in accordance with an example embodiment of the subject disclosure; FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an example communication system in which the system of FIG. 1 may be deployed in accordance with an example embodiment of the subject disclosure; FIG. 3 is a flow diagram demonstrating operations performed with an adaptive quality of service / quality of experience resource type in accordance with an example embodiment of the subject disclosure;FIG. 4 is a packet delay budget unification across resource types in accordance with an exampleembodiment of the subject disclosure;FIG. 5 is a flowchart demonstrating operations performed, such as by the apparatus of FIG. 2, inorder to apply a first quality of service configuration to communicate with a user equipment inaccordance with an example embodiment of the subject disclosure;FIG. 6 is a flowchart demonstrating operations performed, such as by the apparatus of FIG. 2, inorder to cause transmission of a range of quality of service attribute values to a user equipment inaccordance with an example embodiment of the subject disclosure; andFIG. 7 is a flowchart demonstrating operations performed, such as by the apparatus of FIG. 2, inorder to apply a first quality of service configuration to communications with a radio accessnetwork node in accordance with an example embodiment of the subject disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTIONSome example embodiments of the subject disclosure will now be described more fully hereinafterwith reference to the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all, example embodiments are shown. Indeed, various example embodiments may be embodied in many different forms and not to be construed as limited to the example embodiments set forth herein; rather, these exampleembodiments are provided so that the subject disclosure will satisfy applicable legal requirements.Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout. As used herein, the terms “data,” “content,” “information,” and similar terms may be used interchangeably to refer to data capable of being transmitted, received and / or stored in accordance with example embodiments of thesubject disclosure. Thus, use of any such terms not to be taken to limit the spirit and scope ofexample embodiments of the subject disclosure.As used herein, the term “circuitry” refers to (a) hardware-only circuit implementations (e.g., implementations in analog circuitry and / or digital circuitry); (b) combinations of circuits and computer program product(s) including software and / or firmware instructions stored on one or more computer readable memories that work together to cause an apparatus to perform one or more functions described herein; and (c) circuits, such as, for example, a microprocessor(s) or a portion of a microprocessor(s), that require software or firmware for operation even if the software or firmware is not physically present. This definition of “circuitry” applies to all uses of this term herein, including in any claims. As a further example, as used herein, the term “circuitry” also includes an implementation including one or more processors and / or portion(s) thereof and accompanying software and / or firmware. As another example, the term “circuitry” as used herein also includes, for example, a baseband integrated circuit or applications processor integrated circuit for a mobile phone or a similar integrated circuit in a server, a cellular network device, other network device (such as a core network apparatus), field programmable gate array, and / or other computing device. As used herein, the term “computer-readable medium” refers to non-transitory storage hardware, non-transitory storage device or non-transitory computer system memory that may be accessed by a controller, a microcontroller, a computational system or a module of a computational system to encored thereon computer-executable instructions or software programs. A non-transitory“computer readable medium” may be accessed by a computational system or a module of acomputational system to retrieve and / or execute the computer-executable instructions or software programs encoded on the medium. Examples of non-transitory computer-readable media may include, but are not limited to, one or more types of hardware memory, non-transitory tangible media (for example, one or more magnetic storage disks, one or more optical disks, one or more universal synchronous bus (USB) flash drives), computer system memory or random-access memory (such as dynamic random access memory (DRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), extended data out random access memory (EDO RAM), and the like.As used herein, the term “non-transitory” is a limitation of the medium itself (i.e., tangible, not asignal) as opposed to a limitation on data storage persistency (e.g., RAM vs. ROM).As used herein, “quality of service” refers to network parameter settings configured by service providers to deliver various service level offerings to their customers. As used herein, “quality of experience” refers to a measurement of a network delivery service asexperienced by a customer. In one or more example embodiments, quality of service parametersmay enhance or detract from a quality of experience. As used herein, the term “quality of service flow” refers to operations performed by a user equipment, radio access network, and / or the like to ensure a minimum level of quality of service and / or quality of experience. As used herein, the term “quality of service attribute” refer to parameters that define how to operate a quality of service flow. For example, a quality of service attribute may refer to a bit rate, a packet delay budget, a packet error rate, a maximum data burst value, and / or the like. As used herein, the term “quality of service profile” refers to a set of possible parameters that may be used to operate a quality of service flow. A quality of service profile may include one or more quality of service attribute values or ranges of quality of service attribute values. A quality of service profile may describe a range of possible quality of service configurations or a single possible quality of service configuration. As used herein, the term “quality of service configuration” refers to a set of quality of service attribute values used to operate a quality of service flow. A quality of service configuration may be updated based on a triggering event such as a change in network conditions. A quality of serviceconfiguration may describe a particular set of quality of service attributes that are actually used inoperation of a quality of service flow. As used herein, the term “resource type” refers to classification of a quality of service profile. In one or more example embodiments, an adaptive quality of service and / or quality of experience resource type allows, but does not require, one or more ranges of quality of service attribute values to be included in a quality of service profile.As used herein, the terms “first,” “second,” and the like may be used herein to describe variouselements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. A “first” element could be termed a “second” element, and similarly, a “second” element could be termed a “first” element, without departing from the scope of subject disclosure. As used herein, the expression “at least one of the following: ” and the expression “at least one of ” and similar wording, where the list of two or more elements are joined by “and” or “or”, mean at least any one of the elements, or at least any two or more of the elements, or at least all the elements. Likewise, the expression“and / or” where the list of two or more elements are joined by “and / or,” means at least any one ofthe elements, or at least any two or more of the elements, or at least all the elements. Thus, theseexpressions provide support for any individual element, any combination of the two or more listedelements, and all combinations of the two or more listed elements. As used herein, unless stated explicitly, performing a step “in response to A” does not indicate that the step is performed immediately after “A” occurs and one or more intervening steps may be included. Example embodiments of the subject disclosure provide numerous technical advantages, including flexibility in bit rate, packet delay budget, and packet error rate requirements. In one or more example embodiments, in the adaptive quality of service and / or quality of experience resource type, a range of potential values is utilized rather than discrete performance data points. In one or more example embodiments, performance advantages include additional information letting a radio access network know preferred and minimum acceptable performance. In one or more example embodiments, adaption takes place depending on load and ratio conditions. In addition, advantages are provided including reduction of signaling to convey and operate alternate quality of service profiles. In one or more example embodiments, ranges for bit rate and attributes are provided to one or more radio access networks and one or more user equipment devices, enabling (or otherwise facilitating) replacement of alternative quality of service features and allowing flexible and fast adaptation that guards user experience level. In addition, advantages are provided by a quality of service and / or quality of experience resource type leveraging network features already in place in an end to end system as well as application awareness (e.g., time sensitive communication, interactive streaming studies) to support interactive streaming, meta, and immersive services in 6G. In one or more example embodiments,one or more 6G quality of service flows are able to operate with different configurations whileothers may be optimized in terms of latency (e.g., by low latency low loss scalable throughput or ultra-reliable low-latency communications). In the non-guaranteed bit rate (Non-GBR) resource type, the quality of service flow does not have bit rate guarantees. This leads to congestion-related packet delays and drops in latency. In the guaranteed bit rate (GBR) resource type, the quality of service flow will have average bit rate guarantees but not burst peak rate guarantees. This defines a soft upper bound of latency where 98% of packets are within a packet delay budget. For the delay-critical guaranteed bit rate (DC- GBR) resource type, the quality of service flow will have average bit rate guarantees and burst peak rate guarantees, with strict upper bounds for packet delay budget (PDB) and packet error rate (PER). The definition of packet delay budget and packet error rate differs for GBR and DC-GBR resource types. An alternative quality of service profile method can be used to adjust a GBR target in meaningful steps (e.g., resolution steps, frames per second, etc.). In a circumstance when radio resourcemanagement allows a higher or lower bit rate, it knows the next application step (the nextapplicable alternative quality of service profile the flow has configured). An application function can provide alternative quality of service profiles in a priority order that is later provided to a radio access network (RAN). Notification control for quality of service parameters in 5G indicates whether notifications are requested from an NG-RAN when a guaranteed flow bit rate can orcannot be guaranteed for a quality of service flow. A notification may be forwarded in a 5G corefrom a session management function (SMF) to a policy control function (PCF) for policy decision. When a 5G system has configured one alternative quality of service profile, switching among discrete alternative quality of service profiles while ensuring guarantees is burdensome in terms of signaling between core network entities and radio access nodes, implementation feasibility, convergence for smooth quality of experience, and other metrics. A delay budget for a packet data unit set (PSDB) may be used in a RAN to deliver packet data units with different latency while ensuring a total latency for packet data units within a packet data unit set. If extra traffic characteristics are provided by an application function along with an alternative quality of service profile for DC-GBR resource type, short time-scale rate control parameters such as transmit interval and maximum burst size are added in the alternative quality of service profile requirements. A transmit interval can be set as periodicity or in frames per second. Maximum data burst volume and periodicity are added to alternative quality of service profiles and provided to a radio access network (short time-scale rate control requirements in addition to a longer term rate requirement provided by the guaranteed flow bit rate rate). A radio access network performs more accurate rate admission control based on the received rate control points. The radio access network may indicate separately whether guaranteed flow bit rate, maximum data burst volume, or both cannot be guaranteed. Real time service will continue to be important during the 6G era in consumer, industrial, and public sector contexts to ensure that capacity in number of satisfied users is optimized in a given network deployment. The below table lists key parameters to ensure that diverse applications run with a high quality of experience and / or that the network knows enough about the application requirements to take it into account during radio resource management and reservation decisions (e.g., admission control, load control, packet scheduling, etc.) and network configuration (edge compute, routing, policies, etc.). This allows networks to protect quality of experience / service of newly entrant user / application but the existing active users as well. Voice Best Mobile Interactive Ultra-reliable (eIMS, Effort* Broadband, streaming Low-latency incl. VoIP) Streaming** (XR)*** IRT (IIoT)**** Min. Bit rate (BR) ^ (^) ^Target BR (^) (^) ^ ^(Target) Packet Delay Budget^^ (^) ^^ ^^(PDB) Max. PDB ^ (^)^ ^PSDB (Delay budget for a PDU^ (^)^ ^Set) Maximum Data Burst Volume^ (^)^ ^^(MDBV) Packet Error Rate (PER) / reliability****^^ (^) (^) ^ ^^* Traffic profiling (e.g., periodicity, (^)^ (^)^ ^^burst arrival time, etc) Application awareness (e.g., (^)^ (^)^ (^)^frame categories, survival time, etc) QoE awareness (e.g., objective QoE measurements,^^ ^ ^^ ^^Mean Opinion Score (MOS)) *) Traditionally best effort has no requirements, however it could in practice be described by some minimum parameters in order to reduce relative overhead related to session management. Minimum BR values can be set very low if necessary . **) In fixed, people usually only have a single min GBR which is the SLA of the connection. In wireless, that would be more the target BR as data rate coverage will be limited in some cases in practice. Streaming has typically significant buffering capabilities at the application layer which allows the traffic to be tolerant to delay jitter or BR changes during congestion and be treated same as mobile broadband flows with adjusted minimum BR (e.g. HD) and target BR (e.g. UHD) levels. ***) Interactive streaming relies on good responsiveness which maps to focus on the PDB and PER requirements. Applications can adapt their BR (like other streaming codecs) but do not have buffering available to do this gracefully. Hence, a close feedback loop with the transport network related to e.g. short-term congestion can be beneficial (e.g. what is pursued in IETF with L4S) ****) Ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC) including IRT variants (e.g. TSN) are very specialized services that require a special configuration also of the physical layer when PDB < 15ms or even <1-2ms (e.g. short-TTI, LA, etc.). *****) E2E there is difference between reliability and PER (e.g. redundant PDU sessions vs RAN level features) but for the RAN it’s a similar requirement. Baseline to consider only one value, but a range could be considered for 6G adaptive applications. When low-latency adaptive bit rate is used, adaption of bitrate between an application and transport in terms of congestion is more responsive, leading to better quality of experience for an end-user. Low latency adaptive bit rate traffic survives by adapting an application data rate to meet a latency target. For example, a variable data rate may be tolerated between a minimum and maximum (or unrestricted) value. Adaption is done in a responsive manner, and is achieved by in-band communications between the application and transport layers using internet engineering task force(IETF) low latency low loss scalable throughput (L4S). As illustrated in FIG. 1, a system 100 isprovided in accordance with an example embodiment in order to perform event reporting. Although the system may be configured in various manners, the system of one exampleembodiment is depicted in FIG. 1 and includes user equipment 110, base station 120, core networknode 130, and application function 140 configured to communicate via at least uplink anddownlink transmission and reception beams. Although one user equipment, one base station, onecore network node, and one application function are depicted, the system may include and the userequipment 110, base station 120, core network node 130, and application function 140 maycommunicate with additional user equipment, base stations, core network entities, and applicationfunctions in other example embodiments. In one or more example embodiments, the userequipment 110, base station 120, core network node 130, and application function 140 mayconfigured to support, for example, 5G, 5G advanced, or 6G. In one or more example embodiments, the system 100 may support carrier aggregation and / or dual connectivity. As described below, the system is configured to transmit a variety of requests, signals, reports, resource types, attributes, configurations, and ranges. In one or more example embodiments, timing quality of service and / or quality of experience requests, resource types, and attributes arecommunicated between user equipment 110, base station 120, core network node 120, andapplication function 140.The data that is transmitted between the user equipment 110, base station 120, core network node130, and the application function 140 can be any of a wide variety of data including, but not limitedto digital imagery data including video data, audio data as well as data provided by sensors, radars,telescopes and radio receivers. In at least some instances, the data is encoded prior tocommunication of the data via the uplink and downlink beams and decoded upon reception. The resulting data received may be utilized for a variety of purposes including presentation to a user, storage of the data for subsequent use and / or provision of the data to one or more applications, such as applications that perform statistical inference on the data for various purposes including object recognition, image classification, spectrum sensing, speech transcription and / or prediction or detection of events.The user equipment 110 of FIG. 1 (also called UE, user device, user terminal, terminal device,etc.) illustrates a type of an apparatus which resources on an air interface are allocated and assigned. The user equipment 110 typically refers to a portable computing device that includes wireless mobile communication devices operating with or without a subscriber identification module (SIM), including, but not limited to, the following types of devices: a mobile station (mobile phone), smartphone, personal digital assistance (PDA), handset, device using a wireless modem (alarm or measurement device, etc.), laptop and / or touch screen computer, tablet, game console, notebook, and multimedia device. User equipment 110 may also be a device having capability to operate in Internet of Things (IoT) network which is a scenario in which objects are provided with the ability to transfer data over a network without requiring human-to-human or human-to-computer interaction. User equipment 110 is configured to perform one or more of user equipment functionalities. The user equipment 110 may also be called a subscriber unit, mobile station, remote terminal, access terminal, user terminal, or user equipment (UE) just to mention but a few names or apparatuses.The base station 120 of FIG. 1 may comprise, for example, radio access network nodes (RANnodes), remote radio heads (RRHs), transmission reception points (TRPs), access points, node Bs (e.g., gNB) or other transmission sources. In one or more example embodiments, base station 120 is configured with logic to determine an operation point within a range of authorized quality of service attribute values. In one or more example embodiments, base station 120 is configured with logic to determine how frequently a quality of service configuration should be adapted. In one or more example embodiments, base station 120 is configured with logic to work with soft and hard guarantees for quality of service operation. In one or more example embodiments, base station 120 is configured to receive, transmit, and make determinations based on a variety of quality of serviceattributes. The base station 120 may be configured to communicate with user equipment 110 via anetwork. In one or more example embodiments, base station 120 may comprise a 6G core u-planefunction.The core network node 130 may be configured to determine policies for a particular resource type.In one or more example embodiments, core network node 130 is configured to determine a rangeof quality of service attributes for an adaptive quality of service and / or quality of experienceresource type. In one or more example embodiments, core network node 130 may be configuredto receive quality of service and / or quality of experience resource requests. In one or more exampleembodiments, core network node 130 may represent one or more core network functions (e.g.,user plane functions, session management functions) distributed across one or more devices. Inone or more example embodiments, core network node 130 may be configured to communicatewith any of user equipment 110, distributed network entity 120, and central network entity 130. Inone or more example embodiments, a core network node may be a 6G core.In one or more example embodiments, application function 140 is configured to transmit over an application programming interface for a quality of service request. In one or more exampleembodiments, application function 140 is configured to transmit a service request. In one or moreexample embodiments, application function 140 is configured to transmit an adaptive quality of service and / or quality of experience service request. In one or more example embodiments, application function 140 is configured to transmit a range of quality of service attributes. In one or more example embodiments, application function 140 is configured to be in communication witha core network node 130, a base station 120, and / or a user equipment 110.FIG. 2 depicts an example apparatus 200 that may be configured to function as user equipment120 or NG-RAN node 140. As shown in FIG. 2, the apparatus includes, is associated with, or is incommunications with processing circuitry 220, a memory 240, and a communication interface 260. The processing circuitry 220 may be in communication with the memory device 240 via a bus for passing information among components of the apparatus. The memory device may be non- transitory and may include, for example, one or more volatile and / or non-volatile memories. In other words, for example, the memory device may be an electronic storage device (e.g., a computer readable storage medium) including gates configured to store data (e.g., bits) that may be retrievable by a machine (e.g., a computing device like the processing circuitry). The memory device may be configured to store information, data, content, applications, instructions, or the like for enabling (or otherwise facilitating) the apparatus to carry out various functions in accordancewith an example embodiment of the subject disclosure. For example, the memory device could beconfigured to buffer input data for processing by the processing circuitry. Additionally or alternatively, the memory device could be configured to store instructions for execution by the processing circuitry. The apparatus 200 may, in some example embodiments, be embodied in various computing devices described as above. However, in some example embodiments, the apparatus may be embodied as a chip or chip set. In other words, the apparatus may include one or more physical packages (e.g., chips) including materials, components and / or wires on a structural assembly (e.g., a baseboard). The structural assembly may provide physical strength, conservation of size, and / or limitation of electrical interaction for component circuitry included thereon. The apparatus maytherefore, in some cases, be configured to implement an example embodiment on a single chip oras a single “system on a chip.” As such, in some cases, a chip or chipset may constitute means for performing one or more operations for providing the functionalities described herein. The processing circuitry 220, also referenced as a processor, may be embodied in a number of different ways. For example, the processing circuitry may be embodied as one or more of various hardware processing means such as a coprocessor, a microprocessor, a controller, a digital signal processor (DSP), a processing element with or without an accompanying DSP, or various other circuitry including integrated circuits such as, for example, an ASIC (application specific integrated circuit), an FPGA (field programmable gate array), a microcontroller unit (MCU), a hardware accelerator, a special-purpose computer chip, or the like. As such, in some example embodiments, the processing circuitry may include one or more processing cores configured to perform independently. A multi-core processing circuitry may enable multiprocessing within asingle physical package. Additionally or alternatively, the processing circuitry may include one ormore processors configured in tandem via the bus to enable independent execution of instructions, pipelining, and / or multithreading. In an example embodiment, the processing circuitry 220 may be configured to execute instructions stored in the memory device 240 or otherwise accessible to the processing circuitry. Alternatively or additionally, the processing circuitry may be configured to execute hardcoded functionality. As such, whether configured by hardware or software methods, or by a combination thereof, the processing circuitry may represent an entity (e.g., physically embodied in circuitry) capable ofperforming operations according to an example embodiment of the subject disclosure whileconfigured accordingly. Thus, for example, when the processing circuitry is embodied as an ASIC, FPGA or the like, the processing circuitry may be specifically configured hardware for conducting the operations described herein. Alternatively, as another example, when the processing circuitry is embodied as an executor of instructions, the instructions may specifically configure the processor to perform the algorithms and / or operations described herein when the instructions are executed. However, in some cases, the processing circuitry may be a processor of a specific device(e.g., an image or video processing system) configured to employ an example embodiment byfurther configuration of the processing circuitry by instructions for performing the algorithms and / or operations described herein. The processing circuitry may include, among other things, a clock, an arithmetic logic unit (ALU) and logic gates configured to support operation of the processing circuitry. The communication interface 260 may be any means such as a device or circuitry embodied in either hardware or a combination of hardware and software that is configured to receive and / or transmit data including media content in the form of video or image files, one or more audio tracks or the like. In this regard, the communication interface may include, for example, an antenna (ormultiple antennas) and supporting hardware and / or software for enabling (or otherwise facilitating)communications with a wireless communication network. Additionally or alternatively, the communication interface may include the circuitry for interacting with the antenna(s) to cause transmission of signals via the antenna(s) or to handle receipt of signals received via the antenna(s). In some environments, the communications interface may alternatively or also support wired communication. As such, for example, the communication interface may include a communication modem and / or other hardware / software for supporting communication via cable, digital subscriber line (DSL), universal serial bus (USB) or other mechanisms.Turning now to FIG. 3, a flow diagram is provided illustrating signaling flow for an adaptivequality of service and / or quality of experience resource type. In one or more example embodiments, the adaptive quality of service and / or quality of experience resource type allows adaptive bit rate services. In one or more example embodiments, this allows a certain bit rate range to be committed to, which allows control over proactive congestion control, resource reservation, and capacity optimization in 6G networks. In one or more example embodiments, applications that do not support specific L4S mechanisms can be integrated via application function 140 and / or an application hosting in a CSP network. In one or more example embodiments, an operating system of user equipment 110 allows the application and the modem of user equipment 110 to communicate to enable (or otherwise facilitate) adaptation of a required quality of service. In one or more example embodiments, the adaptive quality of service resource type address challenges with fixed networks in 6G due to data rate coverage and / or capacity limitations.In one or more example embodiments, features of the adaptive quality of service and / or quality ofexperience resource type include allowing a window of quality of service attributes’ operation for user plane nodes, rather than a discrete definition of operation points. In one or more exampleembodiments, features further include provisioning of ranges for parameters in a quality of serviceprofile based on application awareness, rather than one single configuration. In one or moreexample embodiments, features further include soft guarantees for the quality of servicecharacteristics that change depending on network conditions. For example, this allows no strictreservation and protection of resources. In one or more example embodiments, when there is anagreement between a scheduler and, for example, a L4S marking component, convergence and stability in quality of service provisioning can be ensured with higher system capacity, resulting in a higher number of supported satisfied users. In one or more example embodiments, a soft guarantee describes that the radio access network and packet scheduler will strive to meet a minimum bit rate, target packet delay budget, and target packet error rate requirements. In one or more example embodiments, a soft guarantee describes that it is not necessary to reserve radio resources by an admission control function during bearer setup. In one or more example embodiments, a soft guarantee describes that it is not necessary to protect a minimum bit rate in case that doing so becomes costly (e.g., user equipment 110 in bad radio conditions may require a significant amount of cell resources that could be used to satisfy a larger number of user equipment devices in better radio conditions). In one or more example embodiments, a soft guarantee describes that it is not necessary to release a connection if a minimum bit rate cannot be achieved. In one or more example embodiments, soft guarantees provide advantages such as better cell spectral efficiency and scalability than guaranteed bit rate and better quality of experience than non-guaranteed bit rate. The below table illustrates example differences in implementation requirements between resource types.Non-GBR GBR DC-GBR AdaptiveQoS / QoE Bit rate No bit rateBit rate Bit rate guarantees. “Soft” bit rate guarantees guarantees Burst peak rate and (optionally) guarantees burst peak rate guarantees Latency Should notSoft upper Strict upper bound, Soft upper exceed PDB by bound, shall not shall not exceed bound, shall not >2% of packets exceed PDB by PDB by allowed exceed target at uncongested >2% of packets PER PDB by more cellthan target PERpercentage of packets. Anadaptive application can still work with an acceptable quality of experience if not more than max PER percentage of packets exceed the max PDB. PER Packets exceeding PDB do notPackets exceeding PDB count to PER count to PERIn one or more example embodiments, core network node 130 first learns an adaptive quality ofservice and / or quality of experience resource type configuration. In one or more exampleembodiments, at operation 310, the core network node learns the adaptive quality of service and / orquality of experience resource type configuration based on traffic analysis or application (APP) hosting with base station 120.In one or more example embodiments, at operation 315, core network node 130 receives a firstlimit value of a quality of service attribute or a range of quality of service attribute values from application function 140. In one or more example embodiments, the first limit value of the quality of service attribute or the range of quality of service attribute values are communicated throughone or more service based interfaces. In one or more example embodiments the first limit value ofthe quality of service attribute or the range of quality of service attribute values are communicatedthrough application programming interfaces. In one or more example embodiments the first limitvalue of the quality of service attribute or the range of quality of service attribute values arecommunicated through an exposure framework. In one or more example embodiments, corenetwork node 130 is configured with an exposure framework extension to receive a range ofquality of service attribute values. In one or more example embodiments, application function 140 causes transmission over an application programming interface for a quality of service request tocore network node 130. In one or more example embodiments, the application function 140indicates first limit value of a quality of service attribute, such as a minimum guaranteed bit rate,a target packet delay budget, or a target packet error rate to core network node 130. In one or moreexample embodiments, the application function 140 indicates a range of quality of serviceattributes to core network node 130. In one or more example embodiments, the range of quality ofservice attributes includes a minimum guaranteed bit rate and a target bit rate. In one or more example embodiments, the range of quality of service attributes includes a target packet delaybudget and a maximum packet delay budget. In one or more example embodiments, the range ofquality of service attributes includes a target packet error rate and a maximum packet error rate. In one or more example embodiments, the range of quality of service attributes includes one or both of a maximum data burst value for a minimum guaranteed bit rate and a maximum data burst value for a maximum packet delay budget.In one or more example embodiments, at operation 320, core network node 130 receives a firstlimit value of a quality of service attribute or a range of quality of service attribute values from user equipment 110. In one or more example embodiments, the first limit value of the quality of service attribute or the range of quality of service attribute values are communicated through a non-access stratum message. In one or more example embodiments, at operation 320, user equipment 110 requests a quality of service flow. In one or more example embodiments, therequest is relayed to core network node 130 through base station 120. In one or more exampleembodiments, the request is transmitted directly to core network node 130. In one or more exampleembodiments, user equipment 110 indicates a first limit value of a quality of service attribute, suchas a minimum guaranteed bit rate, a target packet delay budget, or a target packet error rate to corenetwork node 130. In one or more example embodiments, user equipment 110 indicates a range ofquality of service attributes to core network node 130. In one or more example embodiments, therange of quality of service attributes may be different than those indicated by an application function 140. In one or more example embodiments, user equipment 110 or application function140 may be configured to override the other with its suggested quality of service attributes. In oneor more example embodiments, the range of quality of service attributes includes a minimum guaranteed bit rate and a target bit rate. In one or more example embodiments, the range of qualityof service attributes includes a target packet delay budget and a maximum packet delay budget. Inone or more example embodiments, the range of quality of service attributes includes a target packet error rate and a maximum packet error rate. In one or more example embodiments, the range of quality of service attributes includes one or both of a maximum data burst value for a minimum guaranteed bit rate and a maximum data burst value for a maximum packet delay budget. In one or more example embodiments, input from user equipment 110 may be retrieved from an operating system while learning about the needs of running applications, where values are mapped to quality of service attributes. In one or more example embodiments, a user equipment 110 modem is able to provide a range of values per quality of service requirement to describe theservice. In one or more example embodiments, additional attributes are included in packet dataunit session procedures to signal to the network. In one or more example embodiments an adaptive quality of service and / or quality of experienceflow is set up by core network node 130 and base station 120. In one or more exampleembodiments, core network node 130 determines an adaptive quality of service and / or quality ofexperience resource type based on information received at operations 310, 315, and / or 320. In oneor more example embodiments, at operation 325, core network node 130 determines policies andranges for the adaptive service. In one or more example embodiments, the policies and / or rangesdetermined by core network node 130 are based on information received at one or more ofoperations 310-320. In one or more example embodiments, policies are determined based onquality of service attributes and / or other local information core network node 130 has access to. Inone or more example embodiments, the policies are forwarded to a session management function,which derives an authorized quality of service configuration for base station 120 for operation. In one or more example embodiments, the ranges determine a quality of service flow and indicate the adaptive quality of service and / or quality of experience resource type to base station 120. In one or more example embodiments, the policies allow base station 120 to operate autonomously within the ranges. In one or more example embodiments, a determined range includes a minimumguaranteed bit rate and a target bit rate. In one or more example embodiments, the minimumguaranteed bit rate is set to the smallest rate an application can provide a sufficient quality of experience with. In one or more example embodiments, the target bit rate is the expected bit ratea network can support for a desirable quality of experience in a scenario with feasible load (softrequirements). In one or more example embodiments, a determined range includes a target packetdelay budget and a maximum packet delay budget. In one or more example embodiments, adetermined range includes a target packet error rate and a maximum packet error rate. In one or more example embodiments, a determined range includes one or both of a maximum data burst value for a minimum guaranteed bit rate and a maximum data burst value for a maximum packetdelay budget. In one or more example embodiments, in a circumstance where core network node130 receives a single limit value at operation 315 and / or 320, core network node 130 determineswhether to send a range of quality of service attributes or a single limit value of a quality of serviceattribute to base station 120. In one or more example embodiments where core network node 130 determines to send a range of quality of service attributes, core network node 130 determines a second limit value of the quality of service attribute, wherein the range of quality of service attributes is described by the ranged between the received limit value and the second limit value. In a circumstance where core network node 130 determines to send a single limit value, core network node may send the limit value received at operation 315 and / or operation 320. In one or more example embodiments where the limit value received at operation 315 and / or operation 320 is not allowed according to a user equipment subscription, core network node 130 may determine a different limit value. In one or more example embodiments, advantages are provided by the ranges determined by corenetwork node 130. In one or more example embodiments, frequent packet data unit session updateprocedures is avoided. In one or more example embodiments, the need to provide an alternative quality of service profile from session management function to the radio access network is avoided. In one or more example embodiments, the range defining minimum or maximum values to compare to target values allows faster adaptation loop in quality of service and helps convergence. In one or more example embodiments, this effects how far an application can scale up or down and guard a radio access network’s behavior in terms of leveraging explicit congestion notification marking of packet data units for L4S.In one or more example embodiments, policies determined by core network node 130 define thetargets, prioritization, and range of operation that an adaptive quality of service flow can have. For example, in a circumstance where base station 120 is a next generation radio access network (NG- RAN), the policies determine how a packet scheduler or other radio resource management featuresin the NG-RAN should perform. In one or more example embodiments, radio access network(RAN) resources such as radio bearers or NG-RAN policies are reconfigured for the adaptivequality of service flow. In one or more example embodiments, how transport network or user plane node in a core enforces quality of service (such as by reconfiguring bandwidth allocation for a service or reconfiguring a user plane route within a 6G system) will consider the range of operationthat the service tolerates. In one or more example embodiments, harmonization of end to endoperation for the user plane node is guided by the policies that a 6G core (e.g., core network node 130) disseminates to the user plane function, RAN node, user equipment, and nodes involved in user plane operation or enforcement of quality of service and / or quality of experience management (use of newly defined quality of service resources for quality of service and / or quality of experience realization).The below table shows an example comparison between previous resource types and the adaptivequality of service and / or quality of experience resource type. In the table,^denotes a mandatory parameter and (^) denotes an optional parameter. Parameter Modifications needed per parameter to fit theNon-GBR DC-Adaptive new Resource Type “Adaptive QoS / QoE” vs 5G GBR GBR QoS / QoE known definition of the parameter 6QI – Resource Adaptive bit rate ^ ^ ^ ^Type 6QI – Default No change (potentially more bits) ^ ^ ^ ^priority level 6QI – (Target)Corresponds to the current PDB definition in 5G.^ ^ ^ ^PDBLike for delay-critical PDB, it could optionally countas packet error if exceeded (unified definition) 6QI – max PDBNew, used in case service has flexibility / support for (^) [optional] controlled PDB modification. Lets the 6GS know when it is safe to discard the packets due to being obsolete. 6QI – (Target)Corresponds to the current PER definition in 5G.^ ^ ^ ^PER Like for delay-critical PER, packets that exceed PDB could count to the PER statistic 6QI – max PERNew, used in case service has flexibility / support for^ ^ ^ (^)^[optional] controlled PER modification. Allows to define more relaxed (and likely realistic)reliability requirements for the application to still achieve acceptable performance 6QI – MDBV Redefined for adaptive, being variable as ^ (^)application rate adapts 6QI – MDBV forRedefined for adaptive, optional value that (^)^ min GBRdescribes the updated burst rate after a GBR[optional] change6QI – MDBV forRedefined for adaptive, optional value that^ (^)max PDBdescribes the updated burst rate after a PDB[optional] change 6QI – Default AW No change ^ ^ ^ARP No change ^ ^ ^ ^Min Flow Bit Rate Corresponds to GFBR definition in 5G.^ ^ ^(FBR) Minimum flow bit rate for acceptable QoE. Hard guarantees for GBR, soft guarantees for Adaptive resource type. Target FBR Corresponds to MFBR definition in 5G. Target flow(^) (^) (^)[optional] bit rate that is expected for desirable QoE and that the network strives to provide when feasibleNotification Can be used as alternative to negotiate with APP(^) (^) Not neededcontrol when e.g. L4S is not used or when 3GPP provides enhancements on top of L4S (ex.6GS E2E L4S component). Maximum packet No change.(^) (^) (^)loss rate This parameter together with max PER could capture congestion-related losses from which the app could still survive. QoSAI Used to give more information about flow (^) (^)characteristics (evolution of TSCAI in 5G). L4S ECN marking for L4S to request the application to (^) (^) (^)reduce data rate. In one or more example embodiments, multiple inputs may be used to consider in definitions ofthe ranges of parameters of a quality of service profile. For example, inputs include hostingapplications directly, exposure with 3rdparty application providers, explicit requests of adaptive service from user equipment 110, traffic analysis, non-encrypted in-band signaling, and / or the like.In one or more example embodiments where internet traffic is encrypted, artificial intelligenceand / or machine learning can be used to detect patters and certain types of traffic by user plane function and / or radio access network monitoring. In other example embodiments where internet traffic is encrypted, internet protocol header information (e.g., differentiated services code point, extensions, L4S support and marking) can be exploited. In one or more example embodiments, when internet traffic is not encrypted, deep packet inspection can be utilized.In one or more example embodiments, at operation 330, core network node 130 transmits thepolicies and ranges determined at operation 325 to the base station 120. In one or more example embodiments where base station 120 receives only one limit value for a quality of service attribute from core network node 130, base station 120 determines a different limit value for the quality of service attribute value. In one or more example embodiments, base station 120 determines a range of quality of service attribute values between the received limit value and the different limit value. In one or more example embodiment, base station 120 uses the adaptive quality of service and / or quality of experience resource type to pick one value for the operation of data traffic and adjust its selection when there are different network and / or radio conditions. Freedom of choice in the base station 120 allows faster adaptation logic for data traffic to be exploited.In one or more example embodiments, at operation 335, core network node 130 transmits thepolicies and ranges determined at operation 325 to user equipment 110. In one or more example embodiments, the policies and ranges are relayed to user equipment 110 through base station 120. In one or more example embodiments, the policies and ranges are transmitted directly to user equipment 110. In one or more example embodiments, user equipment 110 determines if it is tolerable for the service or if a range should be modified to ensure a minimum quality of experience. In one or more example embodiments, at operation 340, base station 120 decides a current quality of service configuration. In one or more example embodiments, base station 120 determines thecurrent quality of service configuration based on ranges received from core network node 130 orranges determined based on a received limit value. In one or more example embodiments, basestation 120 determines the current quality of service configuration based on adaptive quality ofservice and / or quality of experience policies received from core network node 130. In one or moreexample embodiments, base station 120 decides the current quality of service configuration based on a radio status. In one or more example embodiments, the current quality of service configurationdescribes quality of service attributes within the ranges determined by the core network node atoperation 325 and transmitted at operations 330 and 335. In one or more example embodiments,the current quality of service configuration uses a single packet delay budget value within the rangefrom the target packet delay budget and the maximum packet delay budget determined at operation325. In one or more example embodiments, the current quality of service configuration uses a single packet error rate value within the range from the target packet error rate and the maximum packet error rate determined at operation 325. In one or more example embodiments, at operation 345 base station 120 configures a radiointerface with the current quality of service configuration. In one or more example embodiments,the radio interface configuration is used in communications with user equipment 110. In one or more example embodiments, user equipment 110 is adapts communications to base station 120 based on the range of quality of service attributes received at operation 335. In one or more example embodiments, one or more quality of service flows are optimized in terms of latency and other quality of service flows are able to operate with different configurations in anapplication that tolerates it. In one or more example embodiments, FIG. 3 can fit in both scenarios.For example, for quality of service flows that are latency-optimized and L4S operation is present in the network, base station 120 must move L4S traffic to its specific internal queues to satisfy the expected L4S operation. In one or more example embodiments, a configuration of an adaptive quality of service and / or quality of experience resource type will provide information to determine policies that are used above L4S to control the congestion marking (for example, thresholds per queue that the node will have). In one or more example embodiments, for quality of service flows that are latency-optimized relying on ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC) operation, adaptive quality of service and / or quality of experience resource type provides information to determine whichURLLC features are worth deactivating for a subscriber. For example, if base station 120 is awarethat an application can survive within a range of packet delay budget, it can weigh the cost of deactivating a particular URLLC feature. In one or more example embodiments, for quality of service flows that do not require latency optimization, low latency is not a primary requirement for the service and the service does not require hard guarantees. In one or more example embodiments, the adaptive quality of service and / or quality of experience resource type can describe the range of quality of service operation that the service can work with. In one or more example embodiments, the application awareness can assist the decision on the specific operation the base station 120 will choose.In one or more example embodiments, an updated quality of service configuration may bepreferrable over the current quality of service configuration. For example, a change in network conditions may lead to a quality of service configuration change. Operations 350-360 are example triggering events that may lead to a quality of service configuration change. In one or more example embodiments, at operation 350, quality of experience related notifications may lead to a quality of service change. In one or more example embodiments, the quality of experience notifications are in-band notifications. In one or more example embodiments, the quality of experience notifications are out-band notifications. In one or more example embodiments, at operation 355, there is a change in radio access networkconditions (e.g., NG-RAN load changes from feasible to infeasible). For example, the change inradio access network conditions may relate to base station 120. In one or more example embodiments, the change in radio access network conditions includes congestion detection. In one or more example embodiments, at operation 360, there is L4S explicit congestion notification marking in u-plane packets. In one or more example embodiments, occurs when the user equipment 110 and / or the base station 120 is L4S capable and congestion is detected. In one or more example embodiments, user equipment 110 receives notifications that indicate how the service is performing or will perform. In one or more example embodiments, in-band signaling of the network notifies the user equipment (e.g., congestion via L4S scenarios can be considered such marking indicates the service should reduce bit rate to adjust the request of radio resources to a future congestion condition of the network). In one or more example embodiments, quality of experience measurement reporting from the user equipment 110 to a user equipment 110 modem may indicate an experience (e.g., mean opinion score). In one or more example embodiments, quality of experience collection relies on internal operation between a user equipment 110 application layer and a user equipment 110 modem (e.g., attention commands to configure the measurement collection). In one or more example embodiments, based on input at different layers (e.g., application and transport), user equipment 110 may change how it is consuming radio resources in the cellular network (e.g., reporting of buffer status reports), current session configuration, or report to the network quality of experience measurements (e.g., based on quality of experience control mechanisms).In one or more example embodiments, based on (e.g., in response to detection of) one of triggeringevents 350-360, an adaptive quality of service and / or quality of experience service reconfigurationand notification occurs. In one or more example embodiments, reconfiguration and notification occurs within radio access network congestion timescales (e.g., tens of ms). In one or more example embodiments, reconfiguration optimizes an achievable rate while fulfilling a maximum packet delay budget. In one or more example embodiments, at operation 365 and in response to one or more of operations 350-360, base station 120 determines a next quality of service operationpoint based on awareness of the change in network conditions. In one or more exampleembodiments, the awareness is signaled from lower layers of an NG-RAN protocol stack to upper layers. In one or more example embodiments, awareness is directly determined at upper layers(e.g., L4S explicit congestion notification, in-band or out-band signaling, and / or the like). In oneor more example embodiments, the next quality of service operation point describes one or more quality of service attribute values. In one or more example embodiments, the quality of serviceattribute values are within the ranges decided on by the core network node 130 at operation 325.In one or more example embodiments, base station 120 may prioritize adaptability of one attribute(e.g., bit rate) while fixing others (e.g., latency or packet error rate). In one or more example embodiments, a 6G system considers how fast it can influence or force an adjustment of a qualityof service attribute (e.g., bit rate). In one or more example embodiments, adaptive tolerance maybe known per service type by an operator or dynamically configured and / or disseminated fromuser equipment 110 and / or application function 140 towards a 6G core and user plane nodes. Inone or more example embodiments where base station 120 is an NG-RAN, adaptive tolerance isused by base station 120 for rate control or link control operation (e.g., keeping hysteresis ofchanges to decide to scarify other users if possible).In one or more example embodiments, different services have different expected adaptivetolerance. For example voice (e.g., enhanced IP multimedia subsystem (eIMS) or voice overinternet protocol) and streaming may have a medium quality of service attribute change speed. Forexample, best effort, mobile broadband, interactive streaming (extended reality) may have a quickquality of service attribute change speed. For example, some services such as ultra-reliable low-latency including isochronous real time (IRT) (IIoT) may never change attribute values.In one or more example embodiments, at operation 370, base station 120 reconfigures a radiointerface to communicate with user equipment 110. In one or more example embodiments, userequipment 110 adapts communication with base station 120 based on the new quality of service configuration. In one or more example embodiments, the updated quality of service configurationdescribes the quality of service operation point determined at operation 365. In one or moreexample embodiments, the updated quality of service configuration uses a single packet delaybudget value within the range from the target packet delay budget and the maximum packet delaybudget determined at operation 325. In one or more example embodiments, the updated quality ofservice configuration uses a single packet error rate value within the range from In one or more example embodiments, at operation 375, base station 120 notifies a 6G core and / orapplication function 140 of the updated quality of service configuration determined at operation365. In one or more example embodiments, the notification is relayed through core network node 130. In one or more example embodiments, the notification is transmitted directly to applicationfunction 140. In one or more example embodiments, a notification is transmitted when a 6G coreor application function 140 are subscribed to the information or when the reconfiguration is out of the authorized ranges. In one or more example embodiments, notification of application function 140 is beneficial when an operation point of the scheduler is changed (e.g., link adaptation, HARQ retransmissions) between a target PER and a maximum PER as this may have an impact on PER at the application depending on whether application layer forward error correction (AL-FEC) is used. In one or more example embodiments, an encoding rate (level of redundancy) of AL-FEC is selected based on an expected packet error rate of lower layers. In one or more exampleembodiments, the notification includes information about a PER a schedule is operating with. Inone or more example embodiments, application function 140 then adjusts its AL-FEC code rate. In one or more example embodiments, an AL-FEC encoder benefits from the notification. Forexample, if an AL-FEC operates over packet data units, then the packet delay budget may be usedto determine how many packet data units the AL-FEC should use as input to meet an end-to-end delay. In one or more example embodiments where the cellular system does not notify the application function about operating points, an application may resort to a reactive approach in which the application receiver can detect variation in delays and / or packet error rate and feedback this to the source.Turning now to FIG. 4, an example packet delay budget unification 400 across resource types isprovided. In one or more example embodiments, a quality of service model is provided that receives quality of service characteristics and configured a user plane accordingly. In one or more example embodiments, quality of service attributes have the same definition for all services, but only a subset of attributes is provided to a 6G system and user plane nodes for a particular serviceneeded. For example, FIG. 4 illustrates an example embodiment where latency control considerstimescale of packet delay budget ranges or values to determine features needed to achieve it. Inone or more example embodiments, based on a range of quality of service attributes provided and other service policies defined by an operator, an implementation may decide whether it is a hard or soft requirement. The table below gives an example of configuration of quality of service attributes. In one or more example embodiments, values given in parentheses are optional. In oneor more example embodiments, lack of a maximum packet delay budget or target bit rate is usedas an indication of a hard upper bound for the respective quality of service attribute. In one or more example embodiments, best effort traffic is identified with 0 minimum bit rate or no minimum bit rate.Parameter Voice ClassicClassic URLLC - URLLC - Adaptive MBB – MBB - Critical Connectivity rate Best MBB effort PDB 100 (10 ms) 1 ms 1 ms 10 ms~150 ms Max PDB 5 ms 20 msPER 10-2 10-6 10-6 10-1Max PER 10-6Minimum BR 100 (0) 3 Mbps (1 kbps) (1 kbps) 30 Mbpskbps Target BR (1.515(1 Mbps) (1 kbps) 45 bpsMbps) MbpsTurning now to FIG. 5, an example flowchart is illustrated for a process 500 for an apparatusembodied by a base station 120 apply a quality of service configuration to communications with auser equipment.As shown in block 510 of FIG. 5, the apparatus embodied by the base station 120 includes means,such as the processing circuitry 220, the communication interface 260, or the like, for receiving, from a core network node, a quality of service profile including at least one of a range of quality of service attribute values or a first limit value of a quality of service attribute, where the range of quality of service attribute values describe a range of authorized quality of service configurations. In one or more example embodiments, the range of quality of service attribute values includes at least one of a minimum guaranteed bit rate, a target packet delay budget, or a target packet error rate. In one or more example embodiments, the range of quality of service attribute values further includes at least one of a target bit rate, a maximum packet delay budget, a maximum packet error rate, a maximum packet burst volume for the minimum guaranteed bit rate, or a maximum data burst volume for the maximum packet delay budget.As shown in block 520 of FIG. 5, the apparatus embodied by the base station 120 includes means,such as the processing circuitry 220, the communication interface 260, or the like, for determining, when the first limit value of the quality of service attribute is received, a second limit value of the quality of service attribute, where the first limit value and the second limit value define the range of quality of service attribute values.As shown in block 530 of FIG. 5, the apparatus embodied by the base station 120 includes means,such as the processing circuitry 220, the communication interface 260, or the like, for determining a first quality of service configuration based at least on the range of quality of service attributes, where the first quality of service configuration describes a first set of quality of service attributevalues within the range of quality of service attribute values. In one or more example embodiments,the first quality of service configuration further describes resource allocation. In one or more example embodiments, the first quality of service configuration further describes a radio interface configuration.As shown in block 540 of FIG. 5, the apparatus embodied by the base station 120 includes means,such as the processing circuitry 220, the communication interface 260, or the like, for applying the first quality of service configuration to communications with a user equipment.As shown in optional block 550 of FIG. 5, the apparatus embodied by the base station 120 includesmeans, such as the processing circuitry 220, the communication interface 260, or the like, for,based on a triggering event, determining a second quality of service configuration within the rangeof authorized quality of service configurations based at least on the triggering event, where the second quality of service configuration describes a second set of quality of service attribute valueswithin the range of quality of service attribute values. In one or more example embodiments, thetriggering event is a change in network conditions. In one or more example embodiments, thechange in network conditions is signaled from lower layers of an NG-RAN protocol stack. In oneor more example embodiments, the change in network conditions is determined at upper layers of an NG-RAN protocol stack.As shown in optional block 560 of FIG. 5, the apparatus embodied by the base station 120 includesmeans, such as the processing circuitry 220, the communication interface 260, or the like, for applying the second quality of service configuration to communications with the user equipment.As shown in optional block 570 of FIG. 5, the apparatus embodied by the base station 120 includesmeans, such as the processing circuitry 220, the communication interface 260, or the like, for causing transmission of a notification of updated configuration to the core network node / application function, where the notification of updated configuration includes informationindicating at least one reason for updated configuration. In alternative example embodiments, theremay be no reason given for updated configuration.Turning now to FIG. 6, an example flowchart is illustrated for a process 600 for an apparatusembodied by a core network node 130 to cause transmission of a range of quality of serviceattribute values. In one or more example embodiments, the apparatus embodied by the corenetwork node 130 may be configured to perform at least some of the functionality associated with core network node 130. For example, the apparatus embodied by the core network node 130 may comprise a virtual network function instance of the core network node 130.As shown in optional block 610 of FIG. 6, the apparatus embodied by the core network node 130includes means, such as the processing circuitry 220, the communication interface 260, or the like, for, prior to determining a first quality of service profile, receiving a suggested quality of service profile including at least one of a suggested range of quality of service attribute values or a suggested first limit value of a quality of service attribute, where the range of quality of service attribute values is determined based at least on the suggested range of quality of service attributevalues. In one or more example embodiments, the suggested quality of service profile is receivedin a quality of service request from the user equipment. In one or more example embodiments, thesuggested quality of service profile is received in a quality of service request from an applicationfunction. In one or more example embodiments, the first quality of service profile is determinedbased on traffic analysis.As shown in optional block 620 of FIG. 6, the apparatus embodied by the core network node 130includes means, such as the processing circuitry 220, the communication interface 260, or the like, for determining, when the suggested first limit value of the quality of service attribute is received, a second limit value of the quality of service attribute, where the suggested first limit value and the second limit value define the suggested range of quality of attribute values.As shown in block 630 of FIG. 6, the apparatus embodied by the core network node 130 includesmeans, such as the processing circuitry 220, the communication interface 260, or the like, for determining a first quality of service profile including at least one of a range of quality of serviceattribute values or a first limit value of a quality of service attribute, where the range of quality ofservice attribute values describes a range of authorized quality of service configurations. In one ormore example embodiments, the range of quality of service attribute values includes at least one of a minimum guaranteed bit rate, a target packet delay budget, or a target packet error rate. In one or more example embodiments, the range of quality of service attribute values further includes at least one of a target bit rate, a maximum packet delay budget, a maximum packet error rate, a maximum packet burst volume for the minimum guaranteed bit rate, or a maximum data burst volume for the maximum packet delay budget.As shown in block 640 of FIG. 6, the apparatus embodied by the core network node 130 includesmeans, such as the processing circuitry 220, the communication interface 260, or the like, forcausing transmission, to a radio access network node, of the first quality of service profile. In oneor more example embodiments, the first quality of service profile includes a single limit value. In one or more example embodiments, the limit value was received from an application function or user equipment. In one or more example embodiments, the limit value is a different limit valuethan received by an application function or user equipment. In one or more example embodiments,a different limit value is used when a limit value received from an application function or user equipment is not allowed according to a user equipment subscription.As shown in optional block 650 of FIG. 6, the apparatus embodied by the core network node 130includes means, such as the processing circuitry 220, the communication interface 260, or the like,for causing transmission, to a user equipment, of the first quality of service profile. In one or moreexample embodiments, the first quality of service profile includes a single limit value. In one or more example embodiments, the limit value was received from an application function or user equipment. In one or more example embodiments, the limit value is a different limit value than received by an application function or user equipment. In one or more example embodiments, a different limit value is used when a limit value received from an application function or user equipment is not allowed according to a user equipment subscription.As shown in optional block 660 of FIG. 6, the apparatus embodied by the core network node 130includes means, such as the processing circuitry 220, the communication interface 260, or the like, for receiving, from the radio access network node, a notification of updated configuration, where the notification of updated configuration includes information indicating at least one reason for updated configuration.Turning now to FIG. 7, an example flowchart is illustrated for a process 700 for an apparatusembodied by a user equipment 110 to apply a first quality of service configuration tocommunications with a radio access network node.As shown in optional block 710 of FIG. 7, the apparatus embodied by the user equipment 110includes means, such as the processing circuitry 220, the communication interface 260, or the like, for determining a suggested quality of service profile including at least one of a suggested rangeof quality of service attribute values or a suggested first limit value of a quality of service attribute,where the suggested quality of service profile is based on a minimum quality of experience. In oneor more example embodiments, the suggested quality of service profile is further determined basedon traffic analysis.As shown in optional block 720 of FIG. 7, the apparatus embodied by the user equipment 110includes means, such as the processing circuitry 220, the communication interface 260, or the like,for causing transmission of a quality of service request including the suggested quality of serviceprofile to the core network node.As shown in block 730 of FIG. 7, the apparatus embodied by the user equipment 110 includesmeans, such as the processing circuitry 220, the communication interface 260, or the like, for receiving, from a core network node, a range of quality of service attribute values, where the range of quality of service attribute values describes a range of authorized quality of serviceconfigurations. In one or more example embodiments, the range of quality of service attributevalues includes at least one of a minimum guaranteed bit rate, a target packet delay budget, or a target packet error rate. In one or more example embodiments, the range of quality of service attribute values further includes at least one of a target bit rate, a maximum packet delay budget, a maximum packet error rate, a maximum packet burst volume for the minimum guaranteed bit rate, or a maximum data burst volume for the maximum packet delay budget.As shown in block 740 of FIG. 7, the apparatus embodied by the user equipment 110 includesmeans, such as the processing circuitry 220, the communication interface 260, or the like, for receiving, from a radio access network node, a first quality of service configuration determined based at least on the range of quality of service attributes, where the first quality of service configuration describes a first set of quality of service attribute values within the range of quality of service attribute values.As shown in block 750 of FIG. 7, the apparatus embodied by the user equipment 110 includesmeans, such as the processing circuitry 220, the communication interface 260, or the like, for applying the first quality of service configuration to communications with the radio access network node.As shown in optional block 760 of FIG. 7, the apparatus embodied by the user equipment 110includes means, such as the processing circuitry 220, the communication interface 260, or the like,for, based on a triggering event, receiving a second quality of service configuration, where thesecond quality of service configuration describes a second set of quality of service attribute valueswithin the range of quality of service attribute values. In one or more example embodiments, thetriggering event includes a change in network conditions or a resulting quality of experience.As shown in optional block 770 of FIG. 7, the apparatus embodied by the user equipment 110includes means, such as the processing circuitry 220, the communication interface 260, or the like, for applying the second quality of service configuration to communications with the radio access node.FIGS. 5-7 illustrate flowcharts depicting methods according to an example embodiment of thesubject disclosure. It will be understood that each block of the flowcharts and combination ofblocks in the flowcharts may be implemented by various means, such as hardware, firmware, processor, circuitry, and / or other communication devices associated with execution of software including one or more computer program instructions. For example, one or more of the procedures described above may be embodied by computer program instructions. In this regard, the computer program instructions which embody the procedures described above may be stored by a memorydevice 240 of an apparatus employing an example embodiment and executed by a processor 220.As will be appreciated, any such computer program instructions may be loaded into a computer or other programmable apparatus (for example, hardware) to produce a machine, such that the resulting computer or other programmable apparatus implements the functions specified in the flowchart blocks. These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that may direct a computer or other programmable apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture the execution of which implements the function specified in the flowchart blocks. The computer program instructions may also be loaded into a computer or other programmable apparatus to cause a series of operations to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide operations for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart blocks. Accordingly, blocks of the flowcharts support combinations of means for performing the specified functions and combinations of operations for performing the specified functions for performing the specified functions. It will also be understood that one or more blocks of the flowcharts, and combinations of blocks in the flowcharts, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based computer systems which perform the specified functions, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions. Many modifications and other example embodiments set forth herein will come to mind to oneskilled in the art to which the subject disclosure pertains having the benefit of the teachingspresented in the foregoing descriptions and the associated drawings. Therefore, it is to be understood that the subject disclosure is not to be limited to the specific example embodiments disclosed and that modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the example embodiments described herein. Moreover, although the foregoing descriptions and the associated drawings describe example embodiments in the context of certain example combinations of elements and / or functions, it should be appreciated that different combinations of elements and / or functions may be provided without departing from the scope of the example embodiments. In this regard, for example, different combinations of features, elements and / or functions than those explicitly described above are also contemplated as may be set forth in some of the claims. Although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.

[0002] APPENDIX In example embodiment 1, there is a method that comprises: receiving, from a core network node, a quality of service profile comprising at least one ofa range of quality of service attribute values or a first limit value of a quality of service attribute,wherein the range of quality of service attribute values describe a range of authorized quality of service configurations; determining, when the first limit value of the quality of service attribute is received, a second limit value of the quality of service attribute, wherein the first limit value and the second limit value define the range of quality of service attribute values; determining a first quality of service configuration based at least on the range of quality of service attributes, wherein the first quality of service configuration describes a first set of quality of service attribute values within the range of quality of service attribute values; and applying the first quality of service configuration to communications with a user equipment. In example embodiment 2, the subject matter of example embodiment 1 may further comprise: based on a triggering event, determining a second quality of service configuration withinthe range of authorized quality of service configurations based at least on the triggering event,wherein the second quality of service configuration describes a second set of quality of serviceattribute values within the range of quality of service attribute values; and applying the second quality of service configuration to communications with the user equipment. In example embodiment 3, the subject matter of example embodiment 2 may further comprise: causing transmission of a notification of updated configuration to the core network node, wherein the notification of updated configuration comprises information indicating at least one reason for updated configuration. In example embodiment 4, the subject matter of example embodiment 2 may further comprise: causing transmission of a notification of updated configuration to an application function, wherein the notification of updated configuration comprises information indicating at least one reason for updated configuration. In example embodiment 5, the subject matter of example embodiment 2 can optionally include the triggering event to comprise a change in network conditions. In example embodiment 6, the subject matter of claim 5 can optionally include the change in network conditions to be signaled from lower layers of an NG-RAN protocol stack. In example embodiment 7, the subject matter of claim 5 can optionally include the change in network conditions to be determined at upper layers of an NG-RAN protocol stack.In example embodiment 8, the subject matter of any one of example embodiments 1-7 canoptionally include the range of quality of service attribute values to comprise at least one of a minimum guaranteed bit rate, a target packet delay budget, or a target packet error rate. In example embodiment 9, the subject matter of example embodiment 8 can optionally include the range of quality of service attribute values to further comprise at least one of a target bit rate, a maximum packet delay budget, a maximum packet error rate, a maximum data burst volume for the minimum guaranteed bit rate, or a maximum data burst volume for the maximum packet delay budget.In example embodiment 10, the subject matter any one of example embodiments 1-9 can optionallyinclude the first quality of service configuration to further describe resource allocation.In example embodiment 11, the subject matter of any one of example embodiments 1-10 canoptionally include the first quality of service configuration to further describe a radio interfaceconfiguration. In example embodiment 12, there is a method that comprises: determining a first quality of service profile comprising at least one of a range of qualityof service attribute values or a first limit value of a quality of service attribute, wherein the rangeof quality of service attribute values describe a range of authorized quality of serviceconfigurations; andcausing transmission, to a radio access network node, of the first quality of service profile.In example embodiment 13, the subject matter of example embodiment 12 may further comprise: causing transmission, to a user equipment, of the first quality of service profile.In example embodiment 14, the subject matter of any one of example embodiments 12-13 canoptionally include the range of quality of service attribute values to comprise at least one of a minimum guaranteed bit rate, a target packet delay budget, or a target packet error rate.In example embodiment 15, the subject matter of example embodiment 14 can optionally includethe range of quality of service attribute values to further comprise at least one of a target bit rate, a maximum packet delay budget, a maximum packet error rate, a maximum data burst volume for the minimum guaranteed bit rate, or a maximum data burst volume for the maximum packet delay budget.In example embodiment 16, the subject matter of any one of example embodiments 12-15 mayfurther comprise: prior to determining the first quality of service profile, receiving a suggested quality ofservice profile comprising at least one of a suggested range of quality of service attribute values or a suggested first limit value of a quality of service attribute, wherein the range of quality of service attribute values is determined based at least on the suggested range of quality of service attribute values; and determining, when the suggested first limit value of the quality of service attribute is received, a second limit value of the quality of service attribute, wherein the suggested first limit value and the second limit value define the suggested range of quality of service attribute values.In example embodiment 17, the subject matter of example embodiment 16 can optionally includethe suggested quality of service profile to be received in a quality of service request from the userequipment.In example embodiment 18, the subject matter of example embodiment 16 can optionally includethe suggested quality of service profile to be received in a quality of service request from anapplication function.In example embodiment 19, the subject matter of any one of example embodiments 12-18 canoptionally include the first quality of service profile to be determined based on traffic analysis.In example embodiment 20, the subject matter of any one of example embodiments 12-19 mayfurther comprise: receiving, from the radio access network node, a notification of updated configuration,wherein the notification of updated configuration comprises information indicating at least one reason for updated configuration. In example embodiment 21, there is a method that comprises: receiving, from a core network node, a range of quality of service attribute values, whereinthe range of quality of service attribute values describe a range of authorized quality of serviceconfigurations; receiving, from a radio access network node, a first quality of service configurationdetermined based at least on the range of quality of service attributes, wherein the first quality of service configuration describes a first set of quality of service attribute values within the range of quality of service attribute values; and applying the first quality of service configuration to communications with the radio accessnetwork node.In example embodiment 22, the subject matter of claim 21 can optionally include the range ofquality of service attribute values to comprise at least one of a minimum guaranteed bit rate, a target packet delay budget, or a target packet error rate.In example embodiment 23, the subject matter of claim 22 can optionally include the range ofquality of service attribute values to further comprise at least one of a target bit rate, a maximum packet delay budget, a maximum packet error rate, a maximum data burst volume for the minimum guaranteed bit rate, or a maximum data burst volume for the maximum packet delay budget.In example embodiment 24, the subject matter of any one of example embodiments 21-23 mayfurther comprise: determining a suggested quality of service profile comprising at least one of a suggestedrange of quality of service attribute values or a suggested first limit value of a quality of serviceattribute, wherein the suggested quality of service profile is based on a minimum quality ofexperience; and causing transmission of a quality of service request comprising the suggested quality ofservice profile to the core network node.In example embodiment 25, the subject matter of example embodiment 24 can optionally includethe suggested quality of service profile to be further determined based on traffic analysis.In example embodiment 26, the subject matter of any one of example embodiments 21-25 mayfurther comprise: based on a triggering event, receiving a second quality of service configuration, whereinthe second quality of service configuration describes a second set of quality of service attribute values within the range of quality of service attribute values; and applying the second quality of service configuration to communications with the radioaccess network node.In example embodiment 27, the subject matter of example embodiment 26 can optionally includethe triggering event to comprise a change in network conditions or a resulting quality of experience.In example embodiment 28, there is an apparatus that comprises:at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: receive, from a core network node, a quality of service profile comprising at least one of a range of quality of service attribute values or a first limit value of a quality of service attribute,wherein the range of quality of service attribute values describe a range of authorized quality ofservice configurations; determine, when the first limit value of the quality of service attribute is received, a second limit value of the quality of service attribute, wherein the first limit value and the second limit value define the range of quality of service attribute values; determine a first quality of service configuration based at least on the range of quality ofservice attributes, wherein the first quality of service configuration describes a first set of quality of service attribute values within the range of quality of service attribute values; and apply the first quality of service configuration to communications with a user equipment.In example embodiment 29, the subject matter of example embodiment 28 can optionally includethe at least one memory and the computer program code to be further configured to, with the atleast one processor, cause the apparatus at least to:based on a triggering event, determine a second quality of service configuration within therange of authorized quality of service configurations based at least on the triggering event, wherein the second quality of service configuration describes a second set of quality of service attribute values within the range of quality of service attribute values; and apply the second quality of service configuration to communications with the user equipment.In example embodiment 30, the subject matter of example embodiment 29 can optionally includethe at least one memory and the computer program code to be further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to:cause transmission of a notification of updated configuration to the core network node,wherein the notification of updated configuration comprises information indicating at least onereason for updated configuration.In example embodiment 31, the subject matter of example embodiment 29 can optionally includethe at least one memory and the computer program code to be further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: cause transmission of a notification of updated configuration to an application function,wherein the notification of updated configuration comprises information indicating at least one reason for updated configuration.In example embodiment 32, the subject matter of example embodiment 29 can optionally includethe triggering event comprises a change in network conditions.In example embodiment 33, the subject matter of example embodiment 32 can optionally includethe change in network conditions to be signaled from lower layers of an NG-RAN protocol stack.In example embodiment 34, the subject matter of example embodiment 32 can optionally includethe change in network conditions to be determined at upper layers of an NG-RAN protocol stack.In example embodiment 35, the subject matter of any one of example embodiments 28-34 canoptionally include the range of quality of service attribute values to comprise at least one of a minimum guaranteed bit rate, a target packet delay budget, or a target packet error rate.In example embodiment 36, the subject matter of example embodiment 35 can optionally includethe range of quality of service attribute values to further comprise at least one of a target bit rate, a maximum packet delay budget, a maximum packet error rate, a maximum data burst volume for the minimum guaranteed bit rate, or a maximum data burst volume for the maximum packet delay budget.In example embodiment 37, the subject matter of any one of example embodiments 28-36 canoptionally include the first quality of service configuration to further describe resource allocation.In example embodiment 38, the subject matter of any one of example embodiments 28-36 canoptionally include the first quality of service configuration to further describe a radio interface configuration.In example embodiment 39, there is an apparatus that comprises:at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to at least to: determine a first quality of service profile comprising at least one of a range of quality ofservice attribute values or a first limit value of a quality of service attribute, wherein the range ofquality of service attribute values describe a range of authorized quality of service configurations; and cause transmission, to a radio access network node, of the first quality of service profile.In example embodiment 40, the subject matter of example embodiment 39 can optionally include the at least one memory and the computer program code to be further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: cause transmission, to a user equipment, of the first quality of service profile.In example embodiment 41, the subject matter of any one of example embodiments 39-40 canoptionally include the range of quality of service attribute values to comprise at least one of a minimum guaranteed bit rate, a target packet delay budget, or a target packet error rate.In example embodiment 42, the subject matter of example embodiment 41 can optionally includethe range of quality of service attribute values to further comprise at least one of a target bit rate, a maximum packet delay budget, a maximum packet error rate, a maximum data burst volume for the minimum guaranteed bit rate, or a maximum data burst volume for the maximum packet delay budget.In example embodiment 43, the subject matter of any one of example embodiments 39-42 canoptionally include the at least one memory and the computer program code to be further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: prior to determining the first quality of service profile, receive a suggested quality ofservice profile comprising at least one of a suggested range of quality of service attribute values or a suggested first limit value of a quality of service attribute, wherein the range of quality ofservice attribute values is determined based at least on the suggested range of quality of serviceattribute values; and determine, when the suggested first limit value of the quality of service attribute is received, a second limit value of the quality of service attribute, wherein the suggested first limit value and the second limit value define the suggested range of quality of service attribute values.In example embodiment 44, the subject matter of example embodiment 43 can optionally includethe suggested quality of service profile to be received in a quality of service request from the userequipment.In example embodiment 45, the subject matter of example embodiment 43 can optionally includethe suggested quality of service profile to be received in a quality of service request from anapplication function.In example embodiment 46, the subject matter of any one of example embodiments 39-45 canoptionally include the first quality of service profile to be determined based on traffic analysis.In example embodiment 47, the subject matter of any one of example embodiments 39-46 canoptionally include the at least one memory and the computer program code to be further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: receive, from the radio access network node, a notification of updated configuration,wherein the notification of updated configuration comprises information indicating at least one reason for updated configuration.In example embodiment 48, there is an apparatus that comprises:at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: receive, from a core network node, a range of quality of service attribute values, whereinthe range of quality of service attribute values describe a range of authorized quality of serviceconfigurations; receive, from a radio access network node, a first quality of service configurationdetermined based at least on the range of quality of service attributes, wherein the first quality of service configuration describes a first set of quality of service attribute values within the range of quality of service attribute values; and apply the first quality of service configuration to communications with the radio accessnetwork node.In example embodiment 49, the subject matter of example embodiment 48 can optionally includethe range of quality of service attribute values to comprise at least one of a minimum guaranteed bit rate, a target packet delay budget, or a target packet error rate.In example embodiment 50, the subject matter of example embodiment 49 can optionally includethe range of quality of service attribute values to further comprise at least one of a target bit rate, a maximum packet delay budget, a maximum packet error rate, a maximum data burst volume for the minimum guaranteed bit rate, or a maximum data burst volume for the maximum packet delay budget.In example embodiment 51, the subject matter of any one of example embodiments 48-50 canoptionally include the at least one memory and the computer program code to be further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: determine a suggested quality of service profile comprising at least one of a suggestedrange of quality of service attribute values or a suggested first limit value of a quality of serviceattribute, wherein the suggested quality of service profile is based on a minimum quality ofexperience; and cause transmission of a quality of service request comprising the suggested quality ofservice profile to the core network node.In example embodiment 52, the subject matter of example embodiment 51 can optionally includethe suggested quality of service profile to be further determined based on traffic analysis.In example embodiment 53, the subject matter of any one of example embodiments 48-52 canoptionally include the at least one memory and the computer program code to be further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: based on a triggering event, receive a second quality of service configuration, wherein thesecond quality of service configuration describes a second set of quality of service attribute values within the range of quality of service attribute values; and apply the second quality of service configuration to communications with the radio accessnetwork node.In example embodiment 54, the subject matter of example embodiment 53 can optionally includethe triggering event to comprise a change in network conditions or a resulting quality of experience. In example embodiment 55, there is a non-transitory computer readable storage medium comprising computer instructions that, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus at least to perform the method of any one of example embodiments 1-11. In example embodiment 56, there is a non-transitory computer readable storage medium comprising computer instructions that, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus at least to perform the method of any one of example embodiments 12-20. In example embodiment 57, there is a non-transitory computer readable storage medium comprising computer instructions that, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus at least to perform the method of any one of example embodiments 21-27.In example embodiment 58, there is an apparatus that comprises:means for receiving, from a core network node, a quality of service profile comprising at least one of a range of quality of service attribute values or a first limit value of a quality of service attribute, wherein the range of quality of service attribute values describe a range of authorized quality of service configurations; means for determining, when the first limit value of the quality of service attribute is received, a second limit value of the quality of service attribute, wherein the first limit value and the second limit value define the range of quality of service attribute values; means for determining a first quality of service configuration based at least on the range of quality of service attributes, wherein the first quality of service configuration describes a first set of quality of service attribute values within the range of quality of service attribute values; and means for applying the first quality of service configuration to communications with a user equipment.In example embodiment 59, the subject matter of example embodiment 58 may further comprise:means for, based on a triggering event, determining a second quality of serviceconfiguration within the range of authorized quality of service configurations based at least on the triggering event, wherein the second quality of service configuration describes a second set of quality of service attribute values within the range of quality of service attribute values; and means for applying the second quality of service configuration to communications with the user equipment.In example embodiment 60, the subject matter of example embodiment 59 may further comprise: means for causing transmission of a notification of updated configuration to the core network node, wherein the notification of updated configuration comprises information indicating at least one reason for updated configuration.In example embodiment 61, the subject matter of example embodiment 59 may further comprise:means for causing transmission of a notification of updated configuration to an application function, wherein the notification of updated configuration comprises information indicating at least one reason for updated configuration.In example embodiment 62, the subject matter of example embodiment 59 can optionally includethe triggering event to comprise a change in network conditions.In example embodiment 63, the subject matter of example embodiment 62 can optionally includethe change in network conditions to be signaled from lower layers of an NG-RAN protocol stack.In example embodiment 64, the subject matter of example embodiment 62 can optionally includethe change in network conditions to be determined at upper layers of an NG-RAN protocol stack.In example embodiment 65, the subject matter of any one of example embodiments 58-64 canoptionally include the range of quality of service attribute values to comprise at least one of a minimum guaranteed bit rate, a target packet delay budget, or a target packet error rate.In example embodiment 66, the subject matter of example embodiment 65 can optionally includethe range of quality of service attribute values to further comprise at least one of a target bit rate, a maximum packet delay budget, a maximum packet error rate, a maximum data burst volume for the minimum guaranteed bit rate, or a maximum data burst volume for the maximum packet delay budget.In example embodiment 67, the subject matter of any one of example embodiments 58-66 canoptionally include the first quality of service configuration to further describe resource allocation.In example embodiment 68, the subject matter of any one of example embodiments 58-66 canoptionally include the first quality of service configuration to further describe a radio interface configuration.In example embodiment 69, there is an apparatus that comprises: means for determining a first quality of service profile comprising at least one of a rangeof quality of service attribute values or a first limit value of a quality of service attribute, whereinthe range of quality of service attribute values describe a range of authorized quality of serviceconfigurations; andmeans for causing transmission, to a radio access network node, of the first quality ofservice profile. In example embodiment 70, the subject matter of example embodiment 69 may further comprise: means for causing transmission, to a user equipment, of the range of quality of service attribute values.In example embodiment 71, the subject matter of any one of example embodiments 69-70 canoptionally include the range of quality of service attribute values to comprise at least one of a minimum guaranteed bit rate, a target packet delay budget, or a target packet error rate.In example embodiment 72, the subject matter of example embodiment 71 can optionally includethe range of quality of service attribute values to further comprise at least one of a target bit rate, a maximum packet delay budget, a maximum packet error rate, a maximum data burst volume for the minimum guaranteed bit rate, or a maximum data burst volume for the maximum packet delay budget.In example embodiment 73, the subject matter of any one of example embodiments 69-72 mayfurther comprise: means for, prior to determining the first quality of service profile, receiving a suggested quality of service profile comprising at least one of a suggested range of quality of service attribute values or a suggested first limit value of a quality of service attribute, wherein the range of quality of service attribute values is determined based at least on the suggested range of quality of service attribute values; and means for determining, when the suggested first limit value of the quality of service attribute is received, a second limit value of the quality of service attribute, wherein the suggested first limit value and the second limit value define the suggested range of quality of service attribute values.In example embodiment 74, the subject matter of example embodiment 73 can optionally includethe suggested quality of service profile to be received in a quality of service request from the userequipment.In example embodiment 75, the subject matter of example embodiment 73 can optionally includethe suggested quality of service profile to be received in a quality of service request from anapplication function.In example embodiment 76, the subject matter of any one of example embodiments 69-75 canoptionally include the first quality of service profile to be determined based on traffic analysis.In example embodiment 77, the subject matter of any one of example embodiments 69-76 mayfurther comprise: means for receiving, from the radio access network node, a notification of updatedconfiguration, wherein the notification of updated configuration comprises information indicatingat least one reason for updated configuration.In example embodiment 78, there is an apparatus that comprises:means for receiving, from a core network node, a range of quality of service attributevalues, wherein the range of quality of service attribute values describe a range of authorizedquality of service configurations; means for receiving, from a radio access network node, a first quality of serviceconfiguration determined based at least on the range of quality of service attributes, wherein the first quality of service configuration describes a first set of quality of service attribute values within the range of quality of service attribute values; and means for applying the first quality of service configuration to communications with theradio access network node.In example embodiment 79, the subject matter of example embodiment 78 can optionally includethe range of quality of service attribute values to comprise at least one of a minimum guaranteed bit rate, a target packet delay budget, or a target packet error rate.In example embodiment 80, the subject matter of example embodiment 79 can optionally includethe range of quality of service attribute values to further comprise at least one of a target bit rate, a maximum packet delay budget, a maximum packet error rate, a maximum data burst volume for the minimum guaranteed bit rate, or a maximum data burst volume for the maximum packet delay budget.In example embodiment 81, the subject matter of any one of example embodiments 78-80 mayfurther comprise: means for determining a suggested quality of service profile comprising at least one of asuggested range of quality of service attribute values or a suggested first limit value of a quality ofservice attribute, wherein the suggested quality of service profile is based on a minimum qualityof experience; and means for causing transmission of a quality of service request comprising the quality ofservice profile to the core network node.In example embodiment 82, the subject matter of example embodiment 81 can optionally includethe suggested quality of service profile to be further determined based on traffic analysis.In example embodiment 83, the subject matter of any one of example embodiments 78-82 mayfurther comprise: means for, based on a triggering event, receiving a second quality of service configuration,wherein the second quality of service configuration describes a second set of quality of service attribute values within the range of quality of service attribute values; and means for applying the second quality of service configuration to communications with theradio access network node.In example embodiment 84, the subject matter of example embodiment 83 can optionally includethe triggering event to comprise a change in network conditions or a resulting quality of experience.

Claims

Claims:

1. A method, comprising:receiving, from a core network node, a quality of service profile comprising at least one of a range of quality of service attribute values or a first limit value of a quality of service attribute, wherein the range of quality of service attribute values describe a range of authorized quality of service configurations; determining, when the first limit value of the quality of service attribute is received, a second limit value of the quality of service attribute, wherein the first limit value and the second limit value define the range of quality of service attribute values; determining a first quality of service configuration based at least on the range of quality of service attributes, wherein the first quality of service configuration describes a first set of quality of service attribute values within the range of quality of service attribute values; and applying the first quality of service configuration to communications with a user equipment.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:based on a triggering event, determining a second quality of service configuration withinthe range of authorized quality of service configurations based at least on the triggering event, wherein the second quality of service configuration describes a second set of quality of service attribute values within the range of quality of service attribute values; and applying the second quality of service configuration to communications with the user equipment.

3. The method of claim 2, further comprising:causing transmission of a notification of updated configuration to the core network node, wherein the notification of updated configuration comprises information indicating at least one reason for updated configuration.

4. The method of claim 2, further comprising:causing transmission of a notification of updated configuration to an application function, wherein the notification of updated configuration comprises information indicating at least one reason for updated configuration.

5. The method of claim 2, wherein the triggering event comprises a change in networkconditions.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the change in network conditions is signaled fromlower layers of an NG-RAN protocol stack.

7. The method of claim 5, wherein the change in network conditions is determined atupper layers of an NG-RAN protocol stack.

8. The method of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the range of quality of serviceattribute values comprises at least one of a minimum guaranteed bit rate, a target packet delay budget, or a target packet error rate.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the range of quality of service attribute valuesfurther comprises at least one of a target bit rate, a maximum packet delay budget, a maximum packet error rate, a maximum data burst volume for the minimum guaranteed bit rate, or a maximum data burst volume for the maximum packet delay budget.

10. The method any one of claims 1-9, wherein the first quality of service configurationfurther describes resource allocation.

11. A method, comprising:determining a first quality of service profile comprising at least one of a range of qualityof service attribute values or a first limit value of a quality of service attribute, wherein the rangeof quality of service attribute values describe a range of authorized quality of serviceconfigurations; andcausing transmission, to a radio access network node, of the first quality of service profile.

12. The method of claim 11, further comprising:causing transmission, to a user equipment, of the first quality of service profile.

13. The method of any one of claims 11-12, wherein the range of quality of serviceattribute values comprises at least one of a minimum guaranteed bit rate, a target packet delay budget, or a target packet error rate.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the range of quality of service attribute valuesfurther comprises at least one of a target bit rate, a maximum packet delay budget, a maximum packet error rate, a maximum data burst volume for the minimum guaranteed bit rate, or a maximum data burst volume for the maximum packet delay budget.

15. The method of any one of claims 11-14, further comprising:prior to determining the first quality of service profile, receiving a suggested quality of service profile comprising at least one of a suggested range of quality of service attribute values or a suggested first limit value of a quality of service attribute, wherein the range of quality of service attribute values is determined based at least on the suggested range of quality of service attribute values; and determining, when the suggested first limit value of the quality of service attribute is received, a second limit value of the quality of service attribute, wherein the suggested first limit value and the second limit value define the suggested range of quality of service attribute values.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the suggested quality of service profile is receivedin a quality of service request from the user equipment.

17. The method of claim 15, wherein the suggested quality of service profile is receivedin a quality of service request from an application function.

18. The method of any one of claims 11-17, wherein the first quality of service profileis determined based on traffic analysis.

19. The method of any one of claims 11-18, further comprising:receiving, from the radio access network node, a notification of updated configuration,wherein the notification of updated configuration comprises information indicating at least one reason for updated configuration.

20. A method, comprising:receiving, from a core network node, a range of quality of service attribute values, whereinthe range of quality of service attribute values describe a range of authorized quality of serviceconfigurations; receiving, from a radio access network node, a first quality of service configurationdetermined based at least on the range of quality of service attributes, wherein the first quality of service configuration describes a first set of quality of service attribute values within the range of quality of service attribute values; and applying the first quality of service configuration to communications with the radio accessnetwork node.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein the range of quality of service attribute valuescomprises at least one of a minimum guaranteed bit rate, a target packet delay budget, or a target packet error rate.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein the range of quality of service attribute valuesfurther comprises at least one of a target bit rate, a maximum packet delay budget, a maximum packet error rate, a maximum data burst volume for the minimum guaranteed bit rate, or a maximum data burst volume for the maximum packet delay budget.

23. The method of any one of claims 20-22, further comprising:determining a suggested quality of service profile comprising at least one of a suggestedrange of quality of service attribute values or a suggested first limit value of a quality of serviceattribute, wherein the suggested quality of service profile is based on a minimum quality ofexperience; and causing transmission of a quality of service request comprising the suggested quality ofservice profile to the core network node.

24. An apparatus comprising: means for performing the method of any of claims 1-10,means for performing the method of any of claims 11-19, or means for performing the method of any of claims 20-23.

25. A computer program comprising instructions, which when executued by anapparatus, cause the apparatus at least to: perform the method of any of claims 1-10, perform the method of any of claims 11-19, or perform the method of any of claims 20-23.

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