Input device with rotatable control knobs

Abstract

An apparatus configured for use with a user interface to manipulate at least one digital while slide image (WSI) displayed on the user interface includes a body, a first control knob, and a second control knob. The first control knob extends from a side of the body and is configured to rotate to control a first manipulation of the digital WSI on the user interface. The second control knob extends from an opposite side of the body and is configured to rotate to control a second manipulation of the digital WSI on the user interface. The first manipulation is different from the second manipulation. At least one of the first control knob or the second control knob is configured to translate to control one or more user interface navigation features associated with the user interface.

Description

INPUT DEVICE WITH ROTATABLE CONTROL KNOBSPRIORITY

[0001] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application Serial No. 63 / 604,680, entitled “Input Device with Rotatable Control Knobs,” filed on November 30, 2023, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein.BACKGROUND

[0002] Tissue samples may be analyzed microscopically for various diagnostic purposes, including detecting the presence of cancer by identifying structural abnormalities in the tissue samples. During such analysis, a tissue sample may be embedded and then sectioned into multiple separate sections. Each section may then be placed onto an individual slide. The tissue section on each slide may be stained to improve contrast and / or highlight regions of interest. Each slide may then be imaged to form a digital whole slide image (WSI). Individual digital WSI’s may be analyzed to identify structural features in the tissue sample. Analysis of such WSI’s may be referred to as digital pathology in some circumstances.

[0003] Merely illustrative devices and systems for use in digital pathology are disclosed in US Pat. No. 10,732,394, entitled “Managing Plural Scanning Devices in a High- Throughput Laboratory Environment,” issued on August 4, 2020; US Pat. No. 7,738,688, entitled “System and Method for Viewing Virtual Slides,” issued on June 15, 2010; and US Pub. No. 2022 / 0309670, entitled “Method and System for Visualizing Information on Gigapixels Whole Slide Image,” published on September 29, 2022, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference herein.

[0004] Digital WSI’s can be displayed, interacted with, manipulated, and viewed by an operator on a user interface (UI). In some circumstances, an individual operator may analyze multiple digital WSI’s in a single review session, which may include analysis ofon the order of a hundred or more images. Each individual analysis may include tens to hundreds of image manipulations. Such image manipulations include intensive operator interaction, which may lead to fatigue. Accordingly, in such circumstances, it may be desirable to provide certain user interface features within a digital pathology environment to facilitate ease of image manipulation while limiting operator fatigue.

[0005] While several systems and methods have been made and used for analyzing images, it is believed that no one prior to the inventor has made or used the invention described in the appended claims.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] While the specification concludes with claims which particularly point out and distinctly claim this technology, it is believed this technology will be better understood from the following description of certain examples taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals identify the same elements and in which:

[0007] FIG. 1 depicts a perspective view of an illustrative imaging workstation including an input device configured for use with a computer or other interface, the computer having a monitor depicting a user interface (UI);

[0008] FIG. 2 depicts a schematic view of the input device of FIG. 1 in combination with the computer and monitor;

[0009] FIG. 3 A depicts a perspective view of the imaging workstation of FIG. 1, the input device being used to manipulate an image panning function with respect to an image displayed on the user interface;

[0010] FIG. 3B depicts another perspective view of the imaging workstation of FIG. 1, the input device being used to manipulate an image zoom function with respect to an image displayed on the user interface;

[0011] FIG. 4 A depicts yet another perspective view of the imaging workstation of FIG. 1, the input device being used to navigate from one aspect of the user interface to another;

[0012] FIG. 4B depicts still another perspective view of the imaging workstation of FIG. 1, the input device being used to navigate within an aspect of the user interface;

[0013] FIG. 4C depicts still another perspective view of the imaging workstation of FIG. 1, the input device being used to navigate from one aspect of the user interface to another;

[0014] FIG. 5 depicts still another perspective view of the imaging workstation of FIG. 1, the input device being used to toggle between the image zoom function of FIG. 3B and a z-stack function;

[0015] FIG. 6 depicts a perspective view of an illustrative alternative input device that may be readily incorporated into the imaging workstation of FIG. 1;

[0016] FIG. 7 depicts a perspective view of another illustrative alternative input device that may be readily incorporated into the imaging workstation of FIG. 1; and

[0017] FIG. 8 depicts a perspective view of yet another illustrative alternative input device that may be readily incorporated into the imaging workstation of FIG. 1.

[0018] The drawings are not intended to be limiting in any way, and it is contemplated that various embodiments of the technology may be carried out in a variety of other ways, including those not necessarily depicted in the drawings. The accompanying drawings incorporated in and forming a part of the specification illustrate several aspects of the present technology, and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the technology; it being understood, however, that this technology is not limited to the precise arrangements shown.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following description of certain examples of the technology should not be used to limit its scope. Other examples, features, aspects, embodiments, and advantages of the technology will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following description, which is by way of illustration, one of the best modes contemplated for carrying out the technology. As will be realized, the technology described herein is capable of other different and obvious aspects, all without departing from the technology. Accordingly, the drawings and descriptions should be regarded as illustrative in nature and not restrictive.

[0020] I. Overview of Illustrative Imaging Workstation

[0021] FIG. 1 shows an illustrative imaging workstation (10) (also referred to as a diagnostic system). Imaging workstation (10) includes a viewing device (20) and an input device (100). Viewing device (20) is generally configured to facilitate review of a plurality of images obtained by a digital slide scanner in the form of digital whole slide images (WSIs). Viewing device (20) may be configured in a variety of ways. For instance, in the present example, viewing device (20) is configured as a personal computer having a monitor (22), a keyboard (24), and a mouse (26). Optionally, viewing device (20) includes a central processing unit (CPU) (30) (see FIG. 2) in communication with monitor (22), keyboard (24), and mouse (26) to facilitate review and manipulation of images on monitor (22). Monitor (22) of the present example is configured as either a monitor configured for viewing only or a touch screen monitor with multi-touch operator input functions. In examples where monitor (22) is configured as a touch screen monitor, viewing device (20) optionally includes a stylus configured for use with one or more of the touch features of monitor (22). In other examples, monitor (22) is configured as a tablet with one or elements of monitor (22), keyboard (24), and CPU (30) being combined into a single element. Thus, in some examples, CPU (30) is integrated into one or more of monitor (22), keyboard (24), and / or mouse (26). In the present example, viewing device (20) is in communication with remote server or other digital storage media to access WSIs via a network (e.g., the internet). In other examples, one or moreelements of viewing device (22) are in communication directly with a digital slide scanner.

[0022] Viewing device (20) is generally operable with a user interface (40) to facilitate review and manipulation of WSIs. In particular, monitor (22) is configured to depict user interface (40) via CPU (30) or other processing components, which can be manipulated by various inputs such as keyboard (24), mouse (26), and / or input device (100) as will be described in greater detail below. In the present example, CPU (30) includes a processor (32) and a memory (34) in communication with each other (see FIG. 2). Processor (32) and memory (34) are configured to operate cooperatively to store aspects of user interface (40) and display one or more aspects of user interface (40) on monitor (22).

[0023] Although user interface (40) may take on a variety of forms, user interface (40) of the present example includes a plurality of panes (42), which are configured to facilitate navigation through a plurality of WSIs, manipulation of individual WSIs, and / or analysis of individual WSIs. Examples of suitable user interfaces for use in connection with imaging workstation (10) described herein may include, for example, APERIO IMAGESCOPE and / or APERIO WEBVIEWER proceeded by Leica Biosystems Imaging, Inc.

[0024] Panes (42) include a tool pane (50), a slide pane (60), and a viewing pane (70). Tool pane (50) includes a variety of tools related to image processing. Such tools may include, for example, image rotation tools, image adjustment tools, annotation tools, color adjustment tools, tracking tools, saving tools, image viewing utilities, settings, user preferences, and / or etc. In some examples, one or more such tools can be represented with a graphical representation depicted directly within tool pane (50). In addition, or in the alternative, such tools can be embedded within various collapsible menus. Regardless, in some examples, the particular layout, presentation, and organization of such tools to a user may be user selectable or customizable. Of course, various alternative tools and tool presentation configurations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the teachings herein.

[0025] Slide pane (60) is generally configured to facilitate efficient navigation between a plurality of WSIs in a set of WSIs. For instance, in the present example, each slide is presented as an individual graphical slide representation (62) arranged in a vertically oriented stacked column extending the length of slide pane (60). Thus, slide pane (60) is configured to permit a user to navigate between individual slides by scrolling through slide pane (60) and selecting a given slide for more detailed viewing, as will be described in greater detail below. Each graphical slide representation (62) includes a thumbnail (64) of the particular slide corresponding to a given graphical slide representation (62). Each graphical slide representation (62) optionally includes various identifying information (66) in text form. Such information may include, for example, patient information, serial numbers, section numbers, slide preparation information (e.g., staining protocols used), and / or etc.

[0026] Viewing pane (70) is positioned below tool pane (50) and adjacent to slide pane (60). Viewing pane (70) is generally configured to display at least a portion of a specimen (S) (e.g., tissue) associated with an individual WSI selected via slide pane (60). The individual WSI can be viewed and manipulated within viewing pane (70). For instance, viewing pane (70) can include a zoom slider (72) to facilitate zooming between various image magnifications (E.g., 10X, 20X, 40X, etc.). Additional sliders can include a z-stack slider (74), which is configured to permit adjustments related to image focus. Panning may also be used to navigate from one portion of the image to another, particularly when the magnification is set higher than the visible area of viewing pane (70). To further facilitate imaging viewing, various context dependent boxes can optionally be overlaid onto viewing pane (70). For instance, in some examples, an active thumbnail box can be added to identify the visible portion of the image in the context of the whole image. Similarly, in some examples, a magnification box can be added to show a selected portion of the image at an increased magnification. Of course, other suitable utilities may be used in connection with viewing pane (70) as will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the teachings herein.

[0027] As best seen in FIG. 1, input device (100) includes an elongate body (110) and one or more control knobs (120, 130, 140) extending from one or more sides of elongate body (110). As will be described in greater detail below, input device (100) is generally configured to manipulate one or more aspects of user interface (40) via control knobs (120, 130, 140). In some circumstances, such manipulation via input device (100) may be desirable over other inputs such as keyboard (24) or mouse (26) to provide more efficient control with reduced operator fatigue. For instance, in high throughput digital pathology environments, an individual operator may analyze several digital WSIs in a single review session. This may include analysis of on the order of a hundred or more images. Each individual analysis may include tens to hundreds of image manipulations. Such image manipulations include intensive operator interaction, which may lead to fatigue from repeated movements of the hands, wrists, elbows, and / or etc. Consequently, it may be deniable to use input device (100) as an alternative to keyboard (24) or mouse (26) for at least some image manipulations to reduce the time and / or fatigue associated with hand and arm movements that may be used to control keyboard (24) and mouse (26) or move between keyboard (24) and mouse (26).

[0028] Elongate body (110) defines a length generally corresponding to the length of keyboard (24). In this configuration, elongate body (110) is positionable relative to a rear side of keyboard (24) as shown in FIG. 1 to position control knobs (120, 130, 140) at the sides of keyboard (24) proximate a position where an operator’s hands would naturally rest during operation of keyboard (24). Additionally, in some examples, the length of elongate body (110) is optionally operator adjustable to permit use of input device (100) with various keyboards of differing lengths. Although elongate body (110) may be positoined in a variety of positions relative to keyboard (24) and / or mouse (26), in the position shown, only limited movement of an operator’s hands or arms are needed to move from keyboard (24), mouse (26), and control knobs (120, 130, 140). Additionally, by elongate body (110) being freely posititonable relative to keyboard (24), alternative keyboards (24) may be used in combination with input device (100) (e.g., alternativelanguage keyboards, ergonomic keyboards, keyboards equipped with alternative input features such as touchpads or track points).

[0029] In some examples, elongate body (110) includes one or more height adjustment features. Such height adjustment features may be desirable to position control knobs (120, 130, 140) at one or more preferred operator heights. Such preferred operator heights may generally match an individual operator’s preferences, one or more physical characteristics of an operator, or one or more structural characteristics of elements associated with imaging workstation (10) (e.g., keyboard (24) height). By way of example only, in one example, height is adjustable using rotatable feet at the base of elongate body (110). In such examples, feet may be rotated independently to adjust the magnitude of extension of each foot from the base of elongate body (110).

[0030] Elongate body (110) is shown in the present configuration as being generally rectangular in shape. In other examples, various suitable alternative shapes may be used. For instance, in some examples, one or more edges of elongate body (110) are curved or rounded to provide an enhanced interface with keyboard (24). In other examples, elongate body (110) is cylindrical or D-shaped. In yet other examples, elongate body (110) is of an irregular shape to provide a distinctive appearance and therefore render elongate body (110) more easily visible on a surface such as a desk. Of course, various alternative shapes may be used for elongate body (110) as will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the teachings herein.

[0031] As described above, control knobs (120, 130, 140) extend from one or more sides of elongate body (110). In particular, at least one control knob (120) extends from one side of elongate body (110) (e.g., a “left” side), while other control knobs (130, 140) extend from an opposite side of elongate body (110). In other words, some control knobs (120, 130, 140) extend in opposite directions relative to elongate body (110) relative to other control knobs (120, 130, 140). Control knobs (120, 130, 140) are generally substantially parallel relative to a longitudinal axis of elongate body (110), such thatcontrol knobs (120, 130, 140) protrude from the sides of keyboard (24) when elongated body (110) is positoined beside keyboard (24) in the position as shown in FIG. 1.

[0032] Each control knob (120, 130, 140) defines a generally cylindrical shape. Although a cylindrical shape is used in the present example, it should be understood that other shapes may be used in other examples such as triangular, oval-shaped, rectangular, and / or etc. Additionally, each control knob (120, 130, 140) optionally includes some texturing to facilitate operator grip. Texturing may include, for example, ribs, ridges, rubberization, knurling, one or more combinations thereof, and / or etc. In some examples, each control knob (120, 130, 140) can include a different shape and / or texturing configuration relative to the other control knobs (120, 130, 140) to make each control knob (120, 130, 140) identifiable via touch relative to the other control knobs (120, 130, 140). Such tactile identification may be desirable in some examples to permit an operator to identify control knobs (120, 130, 140) without having to shift the operator’s field of view away from monitor (22), thereby saving time.

[0033] Each control knob (120, 130, 140) is generally configured as a 6-function knob. Specifically, each control knob (120, 130, 140) can be rotated and translated relative to multiple axes. For instance, each control knob (120, 130, 140) is configured to be rotated in a clockwise and counterclockwise direction about an axis extending parallel to the longitudinal axis defined by elongate body (110) to provide a rotation input with respect to each rotation direction. Additionally, in some examples, the rotation input can be a function of rotation speed, with higher rotation speeds generating signals as a function of rotation speed, and lower rotation speeds generating different signals also as a function of rotation speed. As will be described in greater detail below, varying signals based on rotation speed may be desirable in some examples to influence interaction with user interface (40).

[0034] Additionally, each control knob (120, 130, 140) is configured to be translated relative to multiple axes to provide a translation input. For instance, each control knob (120, 130, 140) is configured to translate about a plane perpendicular to the longitudinalaxis defined by elongate body (110) (e.g., up, down, forward, backward). Similarly, each control knob (120, 130, 140) is configured to translate along the axis of rotation thereof to provide another translation input. Each translation movement of each control knob (120, 130, 140) is configured to generate a discrete translation movement input signal. Thus, translating a given control knob (120, 130, 140) up, down, forward, backward, or inward is configured to generate a unique input signal corresponding to the direction of movement. As will be described in greater detail below, such input signals corresponding to movements of control knobs (120, 130, 140) can be mapped to certain functions of user interface (40) to permit control of one or more aspects of user interface (40) via input device (100).

[0035] Although control knobs (120, 130, 140) of the present example are shown as separate and discrete structures, it should be understood that in some examples, one or more control knobs (120, 130, 140) can be combined in some examples. For instance, control knobs (130, 140) can be combined into a single structure by including a central knob structure, which may functional as similarly discussed above with 6-function capabilities. Additionally, in such examples, a concentric ring can be positioned on the outside of the central knob structure to add an additional rotational function. Thus, the central knob structure can control one function (e.g., panning along one axis), while the concentric ring can control another function (e.g., panning along another axis). Of course, various other alternative combinations of control knobs (120, 130, 140) will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the teachings herein.

[0036] As best seen in FIG. 2, each control knob (120, 130, 140) includes a microcontroller (122, 132, 142) configured to communicate one or more input signals from each control knob (120, 130, 140) to viewing device (20). Specifically, each microcontroller (122, 132, 142) is in communication with CPU (30), which is in communication with monitor (22). CPU (30) is therefore configured to receive input signals from each control knob (120, 130, 140), process such input signals via processor (32) and adjust user interface (40) based on one or more control parameters stored in memory (34). The adjusted user interface (40) can then be communicated to monitor(22). As will be described in greater detail below, each function of control knob (120, 130, 140) can be mapped to a particular function with respect to user interface (40). In some examples, such mapping is fixed, while in other examples, such mapping is fully or at least partially customizable.

[0037] II. Illustrative Uses of Input Device to Manipulate Features of User Interface

[0038] Input device (100) is configured for use in a variety of ways to manipulate one or more aspects of user interface (40). Although manipulation of certain specific functions of user interface (40) via input device (100) are described herein, it should be understood that in other examples various other functions of user interface (40) may similarly be manipulated by input device (100). Additionally, in some examples user interface (40) can include additional features such as additional panes, sliders, tools, and / or etc. In such examples, the manipulation of user interface (40) via input device (100) described herein may be readily applied to such additional features of user interface (40).

[0039] FIGS. 3A through 5 show various aspects of control of user interface (40) via input device (100). Input device (100) of the present example is generally configured to control a plurality of aspects of user interface (40) such as image manipulation (panning / scrolling, zooming, focus, etc.) and slide navigation (e.g., navigating from one slide to another). Although control knobs (120, 130, 140) are described herein as being associated with particular controls or functions of user interface (40), it should be understood that in other examples, the such associations may be entirely customizable and not associated with any particular control knob (120, 130, 140).

[0040] As best seen in FIG. 3A, input device (100) is configured to manipulate panning of specimen (S) within viewing pane (70). In particular, a right / left control knob (130) is configured to control right / left panning of specimen (S) within viewing pane (70) using rotation of right / left control knob (130). Meanwhile, an up / down control knob (140) is configured to control up / down panning of specimen (S) within viewing pane (70) using rotation of up / down control knob (140).

[0041] In the present example, right / left control knob (130) and up / down control knob (140) extend from the same side of elongate body (110) of input device (100) such that both right / left control knob (130) and up / down control knob (140) may be rotated using the same hand. In other examples, one of right / left control knob (130) or up / down control knob (140) extends from an opposite side of elongate body (110) of input device (100). In such examples, the opposing extension of right / left control knob (130) and up / down control knob (140) may be desirable to promote simultaneous use with different hands (e.g., one hand controlling right / left panning and one hand controlling up / down panning). Such a configuration may be desirable to increase speed of panning by panning along two axes simultaneously (e.g., to generate angled panning).

[0042] As best seen in FIG. 3B, input device (100) is also configured to manipulate zooming of specimen (S) within viewing pane (70). In particular, a zoom control knob (120) is configured to control zoom slider (72) to change the magnification of specimen (S) within viewing pane (70) using rotation of zoom control knob (120). In the present example, rotation of zoom control knob (120) in one direction is configured to increase zoom (e.g., from 10X, to 20X, to 40X, etc.), while rotation of zoom control knob (120) in anther direction is configured to decrease zoom (e.g., from 40X, to 20X, to 10X, etc.). In some examples, the particular direction of rotation associated with an increase or decrease in zoom is configured to correspond to particular features of user interface (40). For instance, rotation may correspond to graphical movement zoom slider (72) with clockwise rotation (when viewed from the left side) corresponding to a downward movement of zoom slider (72) and counter clockwise rotation corresponding to an upward movement of zoom slider (72). In other examples, the relationship between rotation of zoom control knob (120) and movement of zoom slider (72) is entirely customizable based on operator preference.

[0043] For both panning and zoom functions (and / or focusing functions described in greater detail below), at least some slow and fast panning and / or zoom may be desirable. For instance, in some circumstances it may be desirable for an operator to quickly zoom or pan to a particular spot within a given image. In other circumstances, relatively finecontrol of zoom or pan may be desirable. Thus, in some examples, one or more of control knobs (120, 130, 140) are operationally configured to change the relationship between physical rotation and the resulting manipulation speed within user interface (40). For instance, as noted above, control knobs (120, 130, 140) each include six potential inputs. Thus, in some examples, one such inputs is configured to switch a given control knob (120, 130, 140) between a fast setting, a medium setting, a slow setting, and / or etc. Suitable inputs can include pressing a given control knob (120, 130, 140) along the longitudinal axis defined by elongate body (110) or moving a given control knob (120, 130, 140) laterally in a substantially perpendicular direction to the longitudinal axis (e.g., up, down, forward, backward). In other examples, input device (100) can include an adaptive fine to coarse encoder and associated electronics for variable panning, zooming, and focusing speed. For instance, when rotating the control knobs (120, 130, 140) at a higher speed, the panning, zooming, and focusing actions will be in coarse steps to save time and number of control knob (120, 130, 140) turns. When rotating the control knobs (120, 130, 140) at a lower speed, fine panning, zooming, and focusing occur.

[0044] As best seen in FIGS. 4A through 4C, input device (100) is also configured to manipulate user interface (40) to control selection of different slides illustrated with slide pane (60) for display within viewing pane (70). In particular, as best seen in FIG. 4A, a control knob (120, 130, 140) can be pressed inwardly (e.g., along the longitudinal axis) to move control of user interface (40) from viewing pane (70) to slide pane (60) as shown by an arrow. In the present example, right / left control knob (130) is shown as being configured to initiate movement of control of user interface (40) from viewing pane (70) to slide pane (60) because this change in control corresponds to horizontal movement on monitor (22) and is thus logically related to the function of right / left control knob (130). In other examples, any other control knob (120, 140) can be configured to facilitate the same function. Additionally, regardless of the particular control knob (120, 130, 140) used, other movements of a given control knob (120, 130, 140) may be used (e.g., up, down, forward, backward, etc.).

[0045] After moving control of user interface (40) from viewing pane (70) to slide pane (60) as shown in FIG. 4A, one or more of control knobs (120, 130, 140) are configured to scroll through graphical slide representations (62) of slide pane (60) to highlight a given slide for display within viewing pane (70). As shown in FIG. 4B, control of scrolling within slide pane (60) is controlled by rotation of up / down control knob (140) in the present example. The use of up / down control knob (140) for this function may be desirable due to the logical relationship between the function of up / down control knob (140) in connection with viewing pane (70) and the function within slide pane (60). In other examples, any other control knob (120, 130) can be configured to facilitate the same function.

[0046] After a desired graphical slide representation (62) is highlighted as shown in FIG. 4B, one or more of control knobs (120, 130, 140) are configured to return control of user interface (40) from slide pane (60) to viewing pane (70). As best seen in FIG. 4C, control is returned to viewing pane (70) in the present example again by pressing right / left control knob (130) inwardly (along the longitudinal axis). In other examples, any other control knob (120, 140) can be configured to facilitate the same function. Regardless, once control is returned to viewing pane (70) imaging device (100) can again be used to manipulate viewing pane (70) as described herein.

[0047] In some examples, one or more WSIs can include z-stack data. Such z-stack data permits operators to use software to adjust the focus of a WSI after imaging in a user interface such as user interface (40) described herein. When such z-stack data is available, viewing pane (70) optionally includes z-stack slider (74). When z-stack slider (74) is present, it may be desirable to control z-stack slider (74) along with zoom slider (72).

[0048] As best seen in FIG. 5, zoom control knob (120) is also configured to control z- stack slider (74) when z-stack slider (74) is present. As can be seen, zoom control knob (120) can be pressed inwardly (along longitudinal axis) to toggle between zoom slider (72) and z-stack slider (74). When z-stack slider (74) is selected as shown in FIG. 5,zoom control knob (120) can be used to control z-stack slider (74) substantially similarly to the control of zoom slider (72) described above. In particular, zoom control knob (120) may be rotated in one direction to control focus in one direction and rotated in another direction to control focus in another direction.

[0049] In other examples, input device (100) optionally includes another control knob (e.g., a fourth knob or a z-stack knob) in addition to control knobs (120, 130, 140), which can be configured to function as a dedicated control knob to control z-stack slider (74). In such examples, the additional control knob can be positioned in a variety of positions relative to elongate body (110). For instance, in some examples the additional control knob is positioned proximate control knob (120) in a relationship similar to the relationship between control knobs (130, 140). In other examples, the additional control knob can be positoined on top of elongate body (110) projecting upwardly from a top surface thereof either on the side proximate control knob (120) or the side proximate control knobs (130, 140).

[0050] In examples including the additional control knob for controlling z-stack slider (74), the additional control knob can be rotated to directly adjust z-stack slider (74). Additionally, in such examples, zoom control knob (120) can also be configured to adjust z-stack slider (74) as discussed above. For instance, zoom control knob (120) can be pressed inwardly to toggle between zoom slider (72) and z-stack slider (74). This configuration may be desirable to provide an operator with a choice between using zoom control knob (120) or the additional control knob to control z-stack slider (74).

[0051] In other examples, the additional control knob related to z-stack function can be integrated directly into zoom control knob (120) rather than being configured as a separate and discrete control knob. For instance, in such examples, zoom control knob (120) can include the knob structure described above with the same functionality (e.g., 6 function knob). Additionally, zoom control knob (120) can include a concentric ring positioned coaxially with the knob structure and on an exterior thereof. Such a concentric ring structure can add an additional rotational function configured to control z-stackslider (74). Thus, the central knob structure can control one function (e.g., zoom), while the concentric ring can control another function (e g., z-stack), or vice versa.

[0052] Optionally, input device (100) can be configured to control other functions of user interface (40) either using control knobs (120, 130, 140) described herein or other dedicated inputs (buttons, touch pads, etc ). Suitable additional functions can include, for example, taking a screen shot, switching between annotations, toggling voice command functions, and / or etc. Of course, any other function of user interface (40) can be mapped to input device (100) as will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the teachings herein.

[0053] III. Illustrative Alternative Input Devices

[0054] In some circumstances, it may be desirable for an input device similar to input device (100) described above to fasten, dock, or otherwise integrate with other components of imaging workstation (10). For instance, in some circumstances, it may be desirable for such input devices to be secured to an element such as keyboard (24) so that the keyboard and input device may be easily repositioned in a single movement. In other circumstances, it may be desirable for such input devices to be secured to an element such as monitor (22) to permit ease of use of both the monitor and input device. Such a configuration may be particularly desirable in circumstances where the monitor is configured with a touch-based interface so that the monitor and input device may be used simultaneously or separately but with limited hand movement between the two elements. Although various features for integrating an input device with other elements of imaging workstation (10) are described below, it should be understood that such features may be combined with each other or with any one or more of the features described above with respect to input device (100).

[0055] FIG. 6 shows an illustrative alternative input device (200) that may be readily incorporated into imaging workstation (10) either in lieu of input device (100) or in addition to input device (200). Input device (200) is substantially similar to input device (100) described above unless otherwise explicitly described herein. For instance, assimilarly described above, input device (200) includes an elongate body (210) and one or more control knobs (220, 230, 240) extending from one or more sides of elongate body (210). Similar to input device (100) described above, input device (200) of the present example is generally configured to manipulate one or more aspects of user interface (40) via control knobs (220, 230, 240).

[0056] Like elongate body (110) described above, elongate body (210) of the present example defines a length generally corresponding to the length of keyboard (24) such that control knobs (220, 230, 240) can be positioned at the sides of keyboard (24) proximate a position where an operator’s hands would naturally rest during operation of keyboard (24). Additionally, in some examples, the particular length of elongate body (210) is optionally adjustable to facilitate use with keyboards having varying lengths.

[0057] Although elongate body (210) is shown in the present configuration as being generally rectangular in shape, various suitable alternative shapes may be used in other examples. For instance, in some examples, one or more edges of elongate body (210) are curved or rounded to provide an enhanced interface with keyboard (24). In other examples, elongate body (210) is cylindrical or D-shaped. In yet other examples, elongate body (210) is of an irregular shape to provide a distinctive appearance and therefore render elongate body (210) more easily visible on a surface such as a desk. Of course, various alternative shapes may be used for elongate body (210) as will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the teachings herein.

[0058] As similarly described above with respect to control knobs (120, 130, 140), control knobs (220, 230, 240) of the present example extend from one or more sides of elongate body (210). In particular, at least one control knob (220) extends from one side of elongate body (210) (e.g., a “left” side), while other control knobs (230, 240) extend from an opposite side of elongate body (210). In other words, some control knobs (220, 230, 240) extend in opposite directions relative to elongate body (210) relative to other control knobs (220, 230, 240). As also similarly described above, in some examples, the extension of control knobs (220, 230, 240) is associated with particular functions with azoom control knob (220) extending from one side of elongate body (210) and one or more panning control knobs (230, 240) extending from an opposite side of elongate body (210). As also described above, one or more control knobs (220, 230, 240) can be combined with each other in some examples rather than being discrete strctures using concentric rings about a central knob structure. Control knobs (220, 230, 240) are generally substantially parallel relative to a longitudinal axis of elongate body (210), such that control knobs (220, 230, 240) protrude from the sides of keyboard (24) when elongated body (210) is positoined proximate keyboard (24).

[0059] Each control knob (220, 230, 240) of the present example similarly defines a generally cylindrical shape. Although a cylindrical shape is used in the present example, it should be understood that other shapes may be used in other examples such as triangular, oval-shaped, rectangular, and / or etc. Additionally, each control knob (220, 230, 240) optionally includes some texturing to facilitate operator grip. Texturing may include, for example, ribs, ridges, rubberization, knurling, one or more combinations thereof, and / or etc. In some examples, each control knob (220, 230, 240) can include a different shape and / or texturing configuration relative to the other control knobs (220, 230, 240) to make each control knob (220, 230, 240) identifiable via touch relative to the other control knobs (220, 230, 240).

[0060] Like control knobs (120, 130, 140) described above, each control knob (220, 230, 240) of the present example is configured as a 6-function knob. Thus, the same functions of user interface (40) described above with respect to control knobs (120, 130, 140) can likewise be mapped to control knobs (220, 230, 240) of the present example.

[0061] Unlike input device (100) described above, input device (200) of the present example includes a receiving slot (212) defined by elongate body (210). Receiving slot (212) is generally configured to mate with at least a portion of keyboard (24). Thus, in the present example, receiving slot (212) extends into a front surface of elongate body (210) perpendicularly relative to the sides of elongate body (210) associated with control knobs (220, 230, 240). In this configuration, a rear portion of keyboard (24) can be receivedwithin receiving slot (212) with keyboard (24) projecting outwardly from input device (200).

[0062] As described above, receiving slot (212) is generally configured to mate with at least a portion of keyboard (24). Thus, the shape of receiving slot (212) is configured to correspond to the shape of at least a portion of keyboard (24). For instance, in the present example, receiving slot (212) is configured to receive the rear portion of keyboard (24). Accordingly, the shape of receiving slot (212) is complementary to the rear portion of keyboard (24). In configurations where receiving slot (212) is configured to receive other portions of keyboard (24), the shape of receiving slot (212) can be likewise configured to complement such other portions of keyboard (24). In other examples, receiving slot (212) is configured to receive several different portions of keyboard (24) or a plurality of differently sized and / or shaped keyboards. In such examples, receiving slot (212) is configured as a composite slot made up of several differently sized and / or shaped slots combined into a single slot. Thus, in such examples, receiving slot (212) defines an irregular shape (e.g., a composite of a plurality of different shapes) rather than a rectangular shape as shown. Similarly, in such examples, receiving slot (212) can define a plurality of different depths at different points to complement differently sized and / or shaped keyboards.

[0063] FIG. 7 shows another illustrative alternative input device (300) that may be readily incorporated into imaging workstation (10) either in lieu of input device (100) or in addition to input device (100). Input device (300) is substantially similar to input device (100) described above, unless otherwise explicitly described herein. For instance, as similarly described above, input device (300) includes an elongate body (310) and one or more control knobs (320, 330, 340) extending from one or more sides of elongate body (310). Similar to input device (100) described above, input device (300) of the present example is generally configured to manipulate one or more aspects of user interface (40) via control knobs (320, 330, 340).

[0064] Like elongate body (110) described above, elongate body (310) of the present example defines a length generally corresponding to the length of keyboard (24) such that control knobs (320, 330, 340) can be positioned at the sides of keyboard (24) proximate a position where an operator’s hands would naturally rest during operation of keyboard (24). Additionally, in some examples, the particular length of elongate body (310) is optionally adjustable to facilitate use with keyboards or other components having varying lengths.

[0065] Although elongate body (310) is shown in the present configuration as being generally rectangular in shape, various suitable alternative shapes may be used in other examples. For instance, in some examples, one or more edges of elongate body (310) are curved or rounded to provide an enhanced interface with keyboard (24) or other components of imaging workstation (10). In other examples, elongate body (310) is cylindrical or D-shaped. In yet other examples, elongate body (310) is of an irregular shape to provide a distinctive appearance and therefore render elongate body (310) more easily visible on a surface such as a desk. Of course, various alternative shapes may be used for elongate body (310) as will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the teachings herein.

[0066] As similarly described above with respect to control knobs (120, 130, 140), control knobs (320, 330, 340) of the present example extend from one or more sides of elongate body (310). In particular, at least one control knob (320) extends from one side of elongate body (310) (e.g., a “left” side), while other control knobs (330, 340) extend from an opposite side of elongate body (310). In other words, some control knobs (320, 330, 340) extend in opposite directions relative to elongate body (310) relative to other control knobs (320, 330, 340). As also similarly described above, in some examples, the extension of control knobs (320, 330, 340) is associated with particular functions with a zoom control knob (320) extending from one side of elongate body (310) and one or more panning control knobs (330, 340) extending from an opposite side of elongate body (310). As also described above, one or more control knobs (320, 330, 340) can be combined with each other in some examples rather than being discrete strctures usingconcentric rings about a central knob structure. Control knobs (320, 330, 340) are generally substantially parallel relative to a longitudinal axis of elongate body (310), such that control knobs (320, 330, 340) protrude from the sides of keyboard (24) when elongated body (310) is positoined proximate keyboard (24).

[0067] Each control knob (320, 330, 340) of the present example similarly defines a generally cylindrical shape. Although a cylindrical shape is used in the present example, it should be understood that other shapes may be used in other examples such as triangular, oval-shaped, rectangular, and / or etc. Additionally, each control knob (320, 330, 340) optionally includes some texturing to facilitate operator grip. Texturing may include, for example, ribs, ridges, rubberization, knurling, one or more combinations thereof, and / or etc. In some examples, each control knob (320, 330, 340) can include a different shape and / or texturing configuration relative to the other control knobs (320, 330, 340) to make each control knob (320, 330, 340) identifiable via touch relative to the other control knobs (320, 330, 340).

[0068] Like control knobs (120, 130, 140) described above, each control knob (320, 330, 340) of the present example is configured as a 6-function knob. Thus, the same functions of user interface (40) described above with respect to control knobs (120, 130, 140) can likewise be mapped to control knobs (320, 330, 340) of the present example.

[0069] Unlike input device (100) described above, input device (300) of the present example includes a receiving slot (312) defined by elongate body (310). Receiving slot (312) is generally configured to mate with at least a portion of monitor (22). Thus, in the present example, receiving slot (312) extends into a top surface of elongate body (310) perpendicularly relative to the sides of elongate body (310) associated with control knobs (320, 330, 340). In this configuration, a bottom portion of monitor (22) can be received within receiving slot (312) with monitor (22) projecting upwardly from input device (300).

[0070] As described above, receiving slot (312) is generally configured to mate with at least a portion of monitor (22). Thus, the shape of receiving slot (312) is configured tocorrespond to the shape of at least a portion of monitor (22). For instance, in the present example, receiving slot (312) is configured to receive the bottom portion of monitor (22). Accordingly, the shape of receiving slot (312) is complementary to the bottom portion of monitor (22). In configurations where receiving slot (312) is configured to receive other portions of monitor (22), the shape of receiving slot (312) can be likewise configured to complement such other portions of monitor (22). In other examples, receiving slot (312) is configured to receive several different portions of monitor (22) or a plurality of differently sized and / or shaped monitors. In such examples, receiving slot (312) is configured as a composite slot made up of several differently sized and / or shaped slots combined into a single slot. Thus, in such examples, receiving slot (312) defines an irregular shape (e.g., a composite of a plurality of different shapes) rather than a rectangular shape as shown. Similarly, in such examples, receiving slot (312) can define a plurality of different depths at different points to complement differently sized and / or shaped monitors.

[0071] Although the present example contemplates receipt of monitor (22) in receiving slot (312), in other examples, receiving slot (312) is configured to receive other strctures or devices. For instance, in some examples, receiving slot (312) is configured to receive a tablet computer or smart phone. Such a tablet computer or smart phone can include touch-based input. In such examples, input device (300) is configured to interface with such touch-based inputs to permit touch-based control over a WSI. For instance, an operator may drag a finger or other appendage over the tablet computer or smart phone to pan the WSI image in any direction. Similarly, an operator may make a pinching gesture to zoom the WSI image in or out. In the alternative, in some examples, receiving slot (312) is configured to receive a laptop having a keyboard and a monitor equipped with touch-based inputs either via the monitor itself or an integral touch pad. In such examples, input device (300) is configured to interface with the laptop to provide similar touch-based control over a WSI using the laptop and touch-based inputs associated therewith. Regardless, examples with touch-based control can be used in combination with control knobs (320, 330, 340) or combinations of one or more control knobs (320,330, 340) described herein (e.g., concentric ring configurations) to provide multi-input control over a WSI.

[0072] Although separate input devices (200, 300) are described herein for different receiving slot (212, 312) configurations, it should be understood that in some examples receiving slots (212, 312) described herein can be combined into a single input device otherwise substantially similar to input devices (100, 200, 300) described herein. In such configurations, such an input device is configured to receive both monitor (22) or keyboard (24). This may be desirable to permit an operator to couple the input device to a desired element of imaging workstation (10). This may also be desirable to merit an operator to couple the input device to monitor (22) and keyboard (24) simultaneously.

[0073] FIG. 8 shows another illustrative alternative input device (400) that may be readily incorporated into imaging workstation (10) either in lieu of input device (100) or in addition to input device (100). Input device (400) is substantially similar to input device (100) described above, unless otherwise explicitly described herein. For instance, as similarly described above, input device (400) includes an elongate body (410) and one or more control knobs (420, 430, 440) extending from one or more sides of elongate body (410). Similar to input device (100) described above, input device (400) of the present example is generally configured to manipulate one or more aspects of user interface (40) via control knobs (420, 430, 440).

[0074] Like elongate body (110) described above, elongate body (410) of the present example defines a length generally corresponding to the length of keyboard (24) such that control knobs (420, 430, 440) can be positioned at the sides of keyboard (24) proximate a position where an operator’s hands would naturally rest during operation of keyboard (24). Additionally, in some examples, the particular length of elongate body (410) is optionally adjustable to facilitate use with keyboards or other components having varying lengths.

[0075] Although elongate body (410) is shown in the present configuration as being generally rectangular or square in shape, various suitable alternative shapes may be usedin other examples. For instance, in some examples, one or more edges of elongate body (410) are curved or rounded to provide an enhanced interface with keyboard (24) or other components of imaging workstation (10). In other examples, elongate body (410) is cylindrical or D-shaped. In yet other examples, elongate body (410) is of an irregular shape to provide a distinctive appearance and therefore render elongate body (410) more easily visible on a surface such as a desk. Of course, various alternative shapes may be used for elongate body (410) as will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the teachings herein.

[0076] As similarly described above with respect to control knobs (120, 130, 140), control knobs (420, 430, 440) of the present example extend from one or more sides of elongate body (410). In particular, at least one control knob (420) extends from one side of elongate body (410) (e g., a “left” side), while other control knobs (430, 440) extend from an opposite side of elongate body (410). In other words, some control knobs (420, 430, 440) extend in opposite directions relative to elongate body (410) relative to other control knobs (420, 430, 440). As also similarly described above, in some examples, the extension of control knobs (420, 430, 440) is associated with particular functions with a zoom control knob (420) extending from one side of elongate body (410) and one or more panning control knobs (430, 440) extending from an opposite side of elongate body (410). As also described above, one or more control knobs (420, 430, 440) can be combined with each other in some examples rather than being discrete strctures using concentric rings about a central knob structure. Control knobs (420, 430, 440) are generally substantially parallel relative to a longitudinal axis of elongate body (410), such that control knobs (420, 430, 440) protrude from the sides of keyboard (24) when elongated body (410) is positoined proximate keyboard (24).

[0077] Each control knob (420, 430, 440) of the present example similarly defines a generally cylindrical shape. Although a cylindrical shape is used in the present example, it should be understood that other shapes may be used in other examples such as triangular, oval-shaped, rectangular, and / or etc. Additionally, each control knob (420, 430, 440) optionally includes some texturing to facilitate operator grip. Texturing mayinclude, for example, ribs, ridges, rubberization, knurling, one or more combinations thereof, and / or etc. In some examples, each control knob (420, 430, 440) can include a different shape and / or texturing configuration relative to the other control knobs (420, 430, 440) to make each control knob (420, 430, 440) identifiable via touch relative to the other control knobs (420, 430, 440).

[0078] Like control knobs (120, 130, 140) described above, each control knob (420, 430, 440) of the present example is configured as a 6-function knob. Thus, the same functions of user interface (40) described above with respect to control knobs (120, 130, 140) can likewise be mapped to control knobs (420, 430, 440) of the present example.

[0079] Unlike input device (100) described above, input device (400) of the present example includes a touch interface (450) disposed on a top surface of elongate body (410). Touch interface (450) in the present example is generally configured to receive input via touch. In some examples, touch interface (450) is additionally configured to function as a display. Thus, in some examples touch interface (450) is configured as a touch screen or touch pad.

[0080] Touch interface (450) can be incorporated into imaging workstation (10) either in lieu of monitor (22) or in addition to monitor (22). In examples where touch interface (450) is used in addition to monitor (22), monitor (22) and touch interface (450) can have overlapping functions. As will be described in greater detail below, both monitor (22) and touch interface (450) can both be configured with touch-based inputs - providing functions such as panning and zoom with either monitor (22) or touch interface (450).

[0081] As described above, touch interface (450) is generally configured to receive input via touch. In the present example, such touch-based input is configured to control panning and zooming functions associated with a WSI displayed in viewing pane (70) displayed on monitor (22), touch interface (450), or both. Panning can be controlled by an input media such as a finger swiping on a surface of touch interface (450). Such panning can be in any direction and across multiple dimensions rather than just horizontal and vertical directions as may be used with a keyboard interface. Similarly, zooming canbe controlled by pinching in or out to zoom in or out, respectively. It should be understood that in examples with touch-based control, such touch-based control can be used in combination with control knobs (420, 430, 440) or combinations of one or more control knobs (420, 430, 440) described herein (e.g., concentric ring configurations) to provide multi -input control over a WSI.

[0082] Input device (400) of the present example optionally includes an active pen (460). Active pen (460) is generally configured to communicate with input device (400) and / or other portions of imaging workstation (10) to provide additional operator input in addition to, or in lieu of, of the operator input provided by touch interface (450). Active pen (460) is configured to communicate with input device (400) or other portions of imaging workstation (10) either wirelessly via Bluetooth or other wireless protocols or through a wired connection between active pen (460) and input device (400) or other potions of imaging workstation (10).

[0083] In the present example, active pen (460) is configured to engage touch interface (450) to provide a direct annotation feature. Such a direct annotation feature is configured to permit an operator to directly annotate a WSI without the need to press additional buttons or navigate through additional menus. In other words, an operator can write directly on touch interface (450) using active pen (460) to annotate a WSI.

[0084] Although active pen (460) is shown in the present example in combination with touch interface (450), it should be understood that in other examples, active pen (460) can be used as a standalone without touch interface (450). For instance, in some examples, active pen (460) can be configured for use with monitor (22). In such examples, active pen (460) can be used as described above, but for engaging monitor (22) (e.g., digitally writing) instead of touch interface (450).

[0085] IV. Exemplary Combinations

[0086] The following examples relate to various non-exhaustive ways in which the teachings herein may be combined or applied. It should be understood that the followingexamples are not intended to restrict the coverage of any claims that may be presented at any time in this application or in subsequent filings of this application. No disclaimer is intended. The following examples are being provided for nothing more than merely illustrative purposes. It is contemplated that the various teachings herein may be arranged and applied in numerous other ways. It is also contemplated that some variations may omit certain features referred to in the below examples. Therefore, none of the aspects or features referred to below should be deemed critical unless otherwise explicitly indicated as such at a later date by the inventors or by a successor in interest to the inventors. If any claims are presented in this application or in subsequent filings related to this application that include additional features beyond those referred to below, those additional features shall not be presumed to have been added for any reason relating to patentability.

[0087] Example 1

[0088] An apparatus configured for use with a user interface to manipulate at least one digital whole slide image (WSI) displayed on the user interface, the apparatus comprising: (a) a body; (b) a first control knob extending from a side of the body, the first control knob being configured to rotate to control a first manipulation of the digital WSI on the user interface; and (c) a second control knob extending from an opposite side of the body, the second control knob being configured to rotate to control a second manipulation of the digital WSI on the user interface, the first manipulation being different from the second manipulation, at least one of the first control knob or the second control knob being configured to translate to control one or more user interface navigation features associated with the user interface.

[0089] Example 2

[0090] The apparatus of Example 1, further comprising a third control knob, the third control knob being configured to rotate to control a third manipulation of the digital WSI on the user interface, the third manipulation being different from the first manipulation and the second manipulation.

[0091] Example 3

[0092] The apparatus of Example 2, the third control knob extending from the opposite side of the body.

[0093] Example 4

[0094] The apparatus of Examples 2 or 3, the one or more user interface navigation features including navigation from control of a first pane of the user interface to control of a second pane of the user interface.

[0095] Example 5

[0096] The apparatus of Example 4, the first pane being a viewing pane, the second pane being a slide pane.

[0097] Example 6

[0098] The apparatus of Examples 4 or 5, the second control knob being configured to navigate from control of the first pane of the user interface to control of the second pane of the user interface, the second control knob or third control knob being configured to rotate to control the second or third manipulation in the first pane and control a slide selection feature in the second pane.

[0099] Example 7

[0100] The apparatus of Examples 4 or 5, the second control knob being configured to navigate from control of the first pane of the user interface to control of the second pane of the user interface, the second control knob or third control knob being configured to rotate to control the second or third manipulation in the first pane and control a slide selection feature in the second pane, the second control knob being configured to navigate from control of the second pane of the user interface to control of the first pane of the user interface after control of the slide selection feature in the second pane.

[0101] Example 8

[0102] The apparatus of any of Examples 1 through 7, the first control knob being configured to translate to control one or more intra-pane navigation features associated with the user interface.

[0103] Example 9

[0104] The apparatus of Example 8, the one or more intra-pane navigation features including navigation from control of a zoom slider and control of a z-stack slider using rotation of the first control knob.

[0105] Example 10

[0106] The apparatus of any of Examples 1 through 9, the body being height adjustable.

[0107] Example 11

[0108] The apparatus of any of Examples 1 through 10, each control knob being a 6- function control knob.

[0109] Example 12

[0110] The apparatus of Example 11, each control knob including an adaptive fine to course encoder.

[0111] Example 13

[0112] The apparatus of Example 12, control knobs being configured to replicate one or more functions of a keyboard, a mouse, or a monitor, the body being separate from the keyboard, the mouse, and the monitor.

[0113] Example 14

[0114] The apparatus of Example 12, control knobs being configured to replicate one or more functions of a keyboard, a mouse, or a monitor, the body being configured to removably couple to the keyboard or the monitor.

[0115] Example 15

[0116] The apparatus of any of Examples 1 through 14, the body defining a longitudinal axis and a length extending parallel relative to the longitudinal axis, the body being configured to adjust the length.

[0117] Example 16

[0118] A non-transitory computer-readable medium having instructions stored thereon, wherein the instructions, when executed by at least one hardware processor of a system, cause the system to: (a) receive a first signal indicative of a rotation of a first control knob to perform a first manipulation of a digital whole slide image (WSI) displayed on a user interface; (b) receive a second signal indicative of a rotation of a second control knob to perform a second manipulation of the digital WSI displayed on the user interface; and (c) receive a third signal indicative of a translation of the first control knob or the second control knob to perform a user interface navigation sequence to control one or more user interface navigation features associated with the user interface.

[0119] Example 17

[0120] The non-transitory computer-readable medium of Example 16, the first manipulation including zooming of the digital WSI, the second manipulation including panning of the digital WSI, the user interface navigation sequence including navigation from control of a viewing pane of the user interface to control of a slide pane of the user interface.

[0121] Example 18

[0122] The non-transitory computer-readable medium of Example 16, further comprising: receive a third signal indicative of a translation of the first control knob or the second control knob to shift control of the first control knob or the second control knob from control of the first manipulation or second manipulation, respectively, to control of a third manipulation of the digital WSI displayed on the user interface.

[0123] Example 19

[0124] The non-transitory computer-readable medium of any of Examples 16 through 18, the instructions are further configured to cause the system to adjust the magnitude of the first manipulation or the second manipulation as a function of a speed of rotation of the first control knob or the second control knob.

[0125] Example 20

[0126] An apparatus configured for use with a user interface to manipulate at least one digital whole slide image (WSI) displayed on the user interface, the apparatus comprising: (a) a body defining a longitudinal axis; (b) a first control knob extending from a side of the body along the longitudinal axis, the first control knob being configured to rotate to control a first manipulation of the digital WSI on the user interface; (c) a second control knob extending from an opposite side of the body along the longitudinal axis, the second control knob being configured to rotate to control a second manipulation of the digital WSI on; and (d) a receiving slot defined by the body, the receiving slot being configured to receive a portion of a keyboard or a portion of a monitor to removably couple the body to the keyboard or monitor.

[0127] Example 21

[0128] The apparatus of Example 20, the receiving slot being a rectangular slot disposed in a top surface or a front surface of the body.

[0129] Example 22

[0130] The apparatus of Examples 20 or 21, the receiving slot being a keyboard receiving slot disposed in a first surface of the body, the apparatus further comprising a monitor receiving slot disposed in a second surface of the body.

[0131] Example 23

[0132] The apparatus of Example 20, the receiving slot defining a composite slot, the composite slot defining a plurality of shapes corresponding to a plurality of different portions of a keyboard or a plurality of different portions of a monitor.

[0133] Example 24

[0134] The apparatus of any of Examples 20 through 23, the receiving slot being disposed between the first control knob and the second control knob.

[0135] V. Conclusion

[0136] It should be appreciated that any patent, publication, or other disclosure material, in whole or in part, that is said to be incorporated by reference herein is incorporated herein only to the extent that the incorporated material does not conflict with existing definitions, statements, or other disclosure material set forth in this disclosure. As such, and to the extent necessary, the disclosure as explicitly set forth herein supersedes any conflicting material incorporated herein by reference. Any material, or portion thereof, that is said to be incorporated by reference herein, but which conflicts with existing definitions, statements, or other disclosure material set forth herein will only be incorporated to the extent that no conflict arises between that incorporated material and the existing disclosure material.

[0137] Having shown and described various embodiments of the present invention, further adaptations of the methods and systems described herein may be accomplished by appropriate modifications by one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention. Several of such potential modifications have been mentioned, and others will be apparent to those skilled in the art. For instance, theexamples, embodiments, geometries, materials, dimensions, ratios, steps, and the like discussed above are illustrative and are not required. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention should be considered in terms of the following claims and is understood not to be limited to the details of structure and operation shown and described in the specification and drawings.

Claims

I / we claim:

1. An apparatus configured for use with a user interface to manipulate at least one digital whole slide image (WSI) displayed on the user interface, the apparatus comprising:(a) a body;(b) a first control knob extending from a side of the body, the first control knob being configured to rotate to control a first manipulation of the digital WSI on the user interface; and(c) a second control knob extending from an opposite side of the body, the second control knob being configured to rotate to control a second manipulation of the digital WSI on the user interface, the first manipulation being different from the second manipulation, at least one of the first control knob or the second control knob being configured to translate to control one or more user interface navigation features associated with the user interface.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a third control knob, the third control knob being configured to rotate to control a third manipulation of the digital WSI on the user interface, the third manipulation being different from the first manipulation and the second manipulation.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, the third control knob extending from the opposite side of the body.

4. The apparatus of claims 2 or 3, the one or more user interface navigation features including navigation from control of a first pane of the user interface to control of a second pane of the user interface.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, the first pane being a viewing pane, the second pane being a slide pane.

6. The apparatus of claims 4 or 5, the second control knob being configured to navigate from control of the first pane of the user interface to control of the second pane of the user interface, the second control knob or third control knob being configured to rotate to control the second or third manipulation in the first pane and control a slide selection feature in the second pane.

7. The apparatus of claims 4 or 5, the second control knob being configured to navigate from control of the first pane of the user interface to control of the second pane of the user interface, the second control knob or third control knob being configured to rotate to control the second or third manipulation in the first pane and control a slide selection feature in the second pane, the second control knob being configured to navigate from control of the second pane of the user interface to control of the first pane of the user interface after control of the slide selection feature in the second pane.

8. The apparatus of any of claims 1 through 7, the first control knob being configured to translate to control one or more intra-pane navigation features associated with the user interface.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, the one or more intra-pane navigation features including navigation from control of a zoom slider and control of a z-stack slider using rotation of the first control knob.

10. The apparatus of any of claims 1 through 9, the body being height adjustable.

11. The apparatus of any of claims 1 through 10, each control knob being a 6-function control knob.

12. The apparatus of claim 11, each control knob including an adaptive fine to course encoder.

13. The apparatus of claim 12, control knobs being configured to replicate one or more functions of a keyboard, a mouse, or a monitor, the body being separate from the keyboard, the mouse, and the monitor.

14. The apparatus of claim 12, control knobs being configured to replicate one or more functions of a keyboard, a mouse, or a monitor, the body being configured to removably couple to the keyboard or the monitor.

15. The apparatus of any of claims 1 through 14, the body defining a longitudinal axis and a length extending parallel relative to the longitudinal axis, the body being configured to adjust the length.

16. A non-transitory computer-readable medium having instructions stored thereon, wherein the instructions, when executed by at least one hardware processor of a system, cause the system to:(a) receive a first signal indicative of a rotation of a first control knob to perform a first manipulation of a digital whole slide image (WSI) displayed on a user interface;(b) receive a second signal indicative of a rotation of a second control knob to perform a second manipulation of the digital WSI displayed on the user interface; and(c) receive a third signal indicative of a translation of the first control knob or the second control knob to perform a user interface navigation sequence to control one or more user interface navigation features associated with the user interface.

17. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 16, the first manipulation including zooming of the digital WSI, the second manipulation including panning of the digitalWSI, the user interface navigation sequence including navigation from control of a viewing pane of the user interface to control of a slide pane of the user interface.

18. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 16, further comprising: receive a third signal indicative of a translation of the first control knob or the second control knob to shift control of the first control knob or the second control knob from control of the first manipulation or second manipulation, respectively, to control of a third manipulation of the digital WSI displayed on the user interface.

19. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of any of claims 16 through 18, the instructions are further configured to cause the system to adjust the magnitude of the first manipulation or the second manipulation as a function of a speed of rotation of the first control knob or the second control knob.

20. An apparatus configured for use with a user interface to manipulate at least one digital whole slide image (WSI) displayed on the user interface, the apparatus comprising:(a) a body defining a longitudinal axis;(b) a first control knob extending from a side of the body along the longitudinal axis, the first control knob being configured to rotate to control a first manipulation of the digital WSI on the user interface;(c) a second control knob extending from an opposite side of the body along the longitudinal axis, the second control knob being configured to rotate to control a second manipulation of the digital WSI on; and(d) a receiving slot defined by the body, the receiving slot being configured to receive a portion of a keyboard or a portion of a monitor to removably couple the body to the keyboard or monitor.

21. The apparatus of claim 20, the receiving slot being a rectangular slot disposed in a top surface or a front surface of the body.

22. The apparatus of claims 20 or 21, the receiving slot being a keyboard receiving slot disposed in a first surface of the body, the apparatus further comprising a monitor receiving slot disposed in a second surface of the body.

23. The apparatus of claim 20, the receiving slot defining a composite slot, the composite slot defining a plurality of shapes corresponding to a plurality of different portions of a keyboard or a plurality of different portions of a monitor.

24. The apparatus of any of claims 20 through 23, the receiving slot being disposed between the first control knob and the second control knob.

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