Methods and apparatuses for an inter-cell relay selection or reselection in a multi-hop relay case
The patent addresses the lack of effective inter-cell relay selection in multi-hop relay scenarios by having user equipment determine and communicate multi-hop relay capabilities within the wireless communication system, thereby enhancing communication reliability and coverage.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/106197
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-12
AI Technical Summary
Current wireless communication technologies lack methods and apparatuses for effective inter-cell relay selection or reselection in multi-hop relay scenarios, particularly addressing issues such as relay UE behavior in idle or inactive states, monitoring paging messages, and indicating multi-hop relay functionality support.
The proposed solution involves a user equipment (UE) that receives system information from a serving cell to determine if it supports multi-hop relay functions. Based on this information, the UE transmits a discovery message and selects appropriate relay UEs, restricting or allowing selections based on the serving cell's capabilities and the UE's state (RRC idle or inactive).
This approach enables efficient inter-cell relay selection and reselection, improving communication reliability and coverage by ensuring appropriate relay UE behavior and system information application, even when the serving cell does not support multi-hop relay functions.
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Figure CN2024106197_12062025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR AN INTER-CELL RELAY SELECTION OR RESELECTION IN A MULTI-HOP RELAY CASETECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to wireless communications, and more specifically to methods and apparatuses for an inter-cell relay selection or reselection in a multi-hop relay case.BACKGROUND
[0002] A wireless communications system may include one or multiple network communication devices, such as base stations, which may support wireless communications for one or multiple user communication devices, which may be otherwise known as user equipment (UE) , or other suitable terminology. The wireless communications system may support wireless communications with one or multiple user communication devices by utilizing resources of the wireless communication system (e.g. time-domain resources (e.g. symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency-domain resources (e.g. subcarriers, carriers, or the like) . Additionally, the wireless communications system may support wireless communications across various radio access technologies including third generation (3G) radio access technology, fourth generation (4G) radio access technology, fifth generation (5G) radio access technology, among other suitable radio access technologies beyond 5G (e.g. sixth generation (6G)) .
[0003] Vehicle to everything (V2X) has been introduced into the wireless communication technology. In terms of a channel structure of V2X communication, the direct link between two user equipments (UEs) is called a sidelink. A sidelink is a long-term evolution (LTE) feature introduced in 3GPP Release 12, and enables a direct communication between proximal UEs, and data does not need to go through a BS or a core network.
[0004] In the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) , deployment of a relay node (RN) in a wireless communication system is promoted. One objective of deploying a RN is to enhance the coverage area of a BS by improving the throughput of a UE that is located in the coverage or far from the BS, which can result in relatively low signal quality. A RN may also be named as a relay UE in some cases.SUMMARY
[0005] An article "a" before an element is unrestricted and understood to refer to "at least one" of those elements or "one or more" of those elements. The terms "a, " "at least one, " "one or more, " and "at least one of one or more" may be interchangeable. As used herein, including in the claims, "or" as used in a list of items (e.g. a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as "at least one of" or "one or more of" or "one or both of" ) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C) . Also, as used herein, the phrase "based on" shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as "based on condition A" may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase "based on" shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase "based at least in part on. Further, as used herein, including in the claims, a "set" may include one or more elements.
[0006] Some implementations of the present disclosure provide a first user equipment (UE) . The first UE includes at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled to the at least one memory and configured to cause the first UE to: receive system information from a serving cell of a base station (BS) ; determine, based on the system information, whether the serving cell supports a multi-hop relay function; and transmit a discovery message including information related to the multi-hop relay function.
[0007] In some implementations of the first UE described herein, the system information includes: first information indicating whether the multi-hop relay function is supported by the serving cell; second information indicating whether a Layer-2 (L2) multi-hop relay function is supported by the serving cell; third information indicating whether a Layer-3 (L3) multi-hop relay function is supported by the serving cell; a maximum total number of multi-hop relay UEs supported by the serving cell; fourth information indicating whether a discovery mechanism for the L2 multi-hop relay function is supported by the serving cell; fifth information indicating whether a discovery mechanism for the L3 multi-hop relay function is supported by the serving cell; sixth information implicitly indicating whether the multi-hop relay function is supported by the serving cell; or a combination thereof.
[0008] In some implementations of the first UE described herein, the sixth information includes a condition of being a multi-hop relay UE served by the serving cell or configuration information for the multi-hop relay function.
[0009] In some implementations of the first UE described herein, the condition includes: a maximum Uu reference signal received power (RSRP) threshold; a minimum Uu RSRP threshold; or a combination thereof.
[0010] In some implementations of the first UE described herein, if the serving cell does not support the multi-hop relay function and if the first UE enters into a radio resource control (RRC) idle state or an RRC inactive state, the at least one processor is configured to cause the first UE to: forbid to select a candidate relay UE accessing the serving cell via another relay UE or Uu link; forbid to select a candidate relay UE if the first UE is connected to a remote UE; select a first candidate relay UE accessing the BS; or select the first candidate relay UE accessing the BS if the first UE is not connected to any remote UE.
[0011] In some implementations of the first UE described herein, after selecting the first candidate relay UE accessing the BS, the at least one processor is configured to cause the first UE to forbid to transit to a radio resource control (RRC) connected state.
[0012] In some implementations of the first UE described herein, if the serving cell supports the multi-hop relay function and if the first UE enters into a radio resource control (RRC) idle state or an RRC inactive state, the at least one processor is configured to cause the first UE to: forbid to select a candidate relay UE served by a cell of the BS different from the serving cell; or select a second candidate relay UE served by any cell of the BS, as a parent relay UE of the first UE, and communicate with the BS via the second candidate relay UE.
[0013] In some implementations of the first UE described herein, if the second candidate relay UE belongs to a second cell of the BS different from the serving cell, the at least one processor is configured to cause the first UE to apply second system information from the second cell.
[0014] In some implementations of the first UE described herein, the at least one processor is configured to cause the first UE to: receive the second system information from the second candidate relay UE; and forbid to apply system information from the serving cell.
[0015] In some implementations of the first UE described herein, the at least one processor is configured to cause the first UE to: receive paging related information from a remote UE; select a UE from a cell of the BS different from the serving cell, as a parent relay UE of the first UE; and forbid to monitor a paging message from the serving cell.
[0016] In some implementations of the first UE described herein, the at least one processor is configured to cause the first UE to: transmit the paging related information to the parent relay UE of the first UE; receive, from the parent relay UE of the first UE, a paging message from the cell serving the parent relay UE of the first UE; and transmit, to the remote UE, the paging message from the cell serving the parent relay UE of the first UE.
[0017] In some implementations of the first UE described herein, the at least one processor is configured to cause the first UE to: receive paging related information from a remote UE; select a UE from a cell of the BS different from the serving cell, as a parent relay UE of the first UE; and monitor a paging message from the serving cell.
[0018] In some implementations of the first UE described herein, the at least one processor is configured to cause the first UE to: receive the paging message from the serving cell; and transmit the paging message from the serving cell to at least one of the following: the remote UE; or the parent relay UE of the first UE.
[0019] Some implementations of the present disclosure provide a processor for wireless communication, comprising at least one controller coupled with at least one memory and configured to cause the processor to: receive system information from a serving cell of a base station (BS) ; determine, based on the system information, whether the serving cell supports a multi-hop relay function; and transmit a discovery message including information related to the multi-hop relay function.
[0020] Some implementations of the present disclosure provide a method performed by a first user equipment (UE) . The method includes: receiving system information from a serving cell of a base station (BS) ; determining, based on the system information, whether the serving cell supports a multi-hop relay function; and transmitting a discovery message including information related to the multi-hop relay function.
[0021] Some implementations of the present disclosure provide a remote user equipment (UE) . The remote UE includes at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled to the at least one memory and configured to cause the remote UE to: connect to a base station (BS) via a relay UE served by a serving cell of the BS; receive system information from the serving cell via the relay UE; and determine, based on the system information, whether the serving cell supports a multi-hop relay function.
[0022] In some implementations of the remote UE described herein, the system information includes: first information indicating whether the multi-hop relay function is supported by the serving cell; second information indicating whether a Layer-2 (L2) multi-hop relay function is supported by the serving cell; third information indicating whether a Layer-3 (L3) multi-hop relay function is supported by the serving cell; a maximum total number of multi-hop relay UEs supported by the serving cell; fourth information indicating whether a discovery mechanism for the L2 multi-hop relay function is supported by the serving cell; fifth information indicating whether a discovery mechanism for the L3 multi-hop relay function is supported by the serving cell; sixth information implicitly indicating whether the multi-hop relay function is supported by the serving cell; or a combination thereof.
[0023] In some implementations of the remote UE described herein, the sixth information includes a condition of being a multi-hop relay UE served by the serving cell or configuration information for the multi-hop relay function.
[0024] In some implementations of the remote UE described herein, the condition includes: a maximum Uu reference signal received power (RSRP) threshold; a minimum Uu RSRP threshold; or a combination thereof.
[0025] In some implementations of the remote UE described herein, if the serving cell does not support the multi-hop relay function and if the remote UE enters into a radio resource control (RRC) idle state or an RRC inactive state, the at least one processor is configured to cause the remote UE to: forbid to select a candidate relay UE accessing the serving cell via another relay UE or Uu link; or select a first candidate relay UE accessing the serving cell via another relay UE or Uu link.
[0026] In some implementations of the remote UE described herein, after selecting the first candidate relay UE accessing the serving cell via the another relay UE, the at least one processor is configured to cause the remote UE to forbid to transit to a radio resource control (RRC) connected state.
[0027] Some implementations of the present disclosure provide a processor for wireless communication, comprising at least one controller coupled with at least one memory and configured to cause the processor to: connect to a base station (BS) via a relay user equipment (UE) served by a serving cell of the BS; receive system information from the serving cell via the relay UE;and determine, based on the system information, whether the serving cell supports a multi-hop relay function.
[0028] Some implementations of the present disclosure provide a method performed by a remote user equipment (UE) . The method includes: connecting to a base station (BS) via a relay UE served by a serving cell of the BS; receiving system information from the serving cell via the relay UE; and determining, based on the system information, whether the serving cell supports a multi-hop relay function.
[0029] Some implementations of the present disclosure provide a base station (BS) . The serving BS includes at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled to the at least one memory and configured to cause the BS to: determine whether a first cell of the BS supports a multi-hop relay function; and transmit system information related to the multi-hop relay function to a user equipment (UE) .
[0030] In some implementations of the BS described herein, the system information includes: first information indicating whether the multi-hop relay function is supported by the first cell; second information indicating whether a Layer-2 (L2) multi-hop relay function is supported by the first cell; third information indicating whether a Layer-3 (L3) multi-hop relay function is supported by the first cell; a maximum total number of multi-hop relay UEs supported by the first cell; fourth information indicating whether a discovery mechanism for the L2 multi-hop relay function is supported by the first cell; fifth information indicating whether a discovery mechanism for the L3 multi-hop relay function is supported by the first cell; sixth information implicitly indicating whether the multi-hop relay function is supported by the first cell; or a combination thereof.
[0031] In some implementations of the BS described herein, the sixth information includes a condition of being a multi-hop relay UE served by the first cell or configuration information for the multi-hop relay function.
[0032] In some implementations of the BS described herein, the condition includes: a maximum Uu reference signal received power (RSRP) threshold; a minimum Uu RSRP threshold; or a combination thereof.
[0033] In some implementations of the BS described herein, the BS includes a centralized unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU) , and wherein the CU is configured to: determine whether the first cell supports a multi-hop relay function; and transmit information indicating whether the first cell supports a multi-hop relay function to the DU.
[0034] Some implementations of the present disclosure provide a processor for wireless communication, comprising at least one controller coupled with at least one memory and configured to cause the processor to: determine whether a first cell of a base station (BS) supports a multi-hop relay function; and transmit system information related to the multi-hop relay function to a user equipment (UE) .
[0035] Some implementations of the present disclosure provide a method performed by a base station (BS) . The method includes: determining whether a first cell of the BS supports a multi-hop relay function; and transmitting system information related to the multi-hop relay function to a user equipment (UE) .BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0036] Figure 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0037] Figure 2 illustrates an example of a user equipment (UE) 200 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0038] Figure 3 illustrates an example of a processor 300 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0039] Figure 4 illustrates an example of a network equipment (NE) 400 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0040] Figures 5A, 5B and 5C illustrate schematic diagrams of a wireless communication system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0041] Figures 6-8 illustrate flowcharts of methods related to a multi-hop relay in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0042] Figures 9-12 illustrate schematic diagrams of a multi-hop relay in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0043] The detailed description of the appended drawings is intended as a description of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to represent the only form in which the present application may be practiced. It should be understood that the same or equivalent functions may be accomplished by different embodiments that are intended to be encompassed within the spirit and scope of the present application.
[0044] In general, sidelink communication supports an UE-to-UE direct communication. In the context of the present application, sidelink communications may be categorized according to the wireless communication technologies adopted. For example, sidelink communication may include NR sidelink communication and V2X Sidelink communication.
[0045] A UE which supports sidelink communication and / or V2X communication may be referred to as a V2X UE. A V2X UE may be a cell phone, a vehicle, a roadmap device, a computer, a laptop, an IoT (internet of things) device or other type of device in accordance with some other embodiments of the present application.
[0046] A V2X UE can operate in different modes. At least two sidelink resource allocation modes are defined for sidelink communication. For example, mode 1 may refer to the situation where a base station (BS) schedules sidelink resource (s) to be used by the UE for sidelink transmission (s) , and mode 2 may refer to the situation where a UE determines sidelink transmission resource (s) and timing within a resource pool. The resource pool may be configured by a BS or network, or may be pre-configured according to a standard. In mode 2, the BS may not need to dynamically schedule the sidelink resources for the UE, and the UE may determine the sidelink transmission resources and timing in the resource pool based on, for example, a measurement result and a sensing result.
[0047] NR sidelink communications may refer to AS functionality enabling at least V2X communications as defined in 3GPP specification TS 23.287 between neighboring UEs, using NR technology but not traversing any network node. V2X sidelink communications may refer to AS functionality enabling V2X communications as defined in 3GPP specification TS 23.285 between neighboring UEs, using E-UTRA technology, but not traversing any network node. However, if being not specified, "sidelink communications" may refer to NR sidelink communications, V2X sidelink communications, or any sidelink communications adopting other wireless communication technologies.
[0048] Support for V2X services via the PC5 interface can be provided by, for example, NR sidelink communication and / or V2X sidelink communication. NR sidelink communication can support one of the following three types of transmission models for a pair of a Source Layer-2 ID and a Destination Layer-2 ID: unicast transmission, groupcast transmission, and broadcast transmission. Sidelink communication transmission and reception over the PC5 interface are supported when the UE is inside NG-RAN coverage and when the UE is outside NG-RAN coverage. A specific example is described in the embodiments of Figure 5A as below.
[0049] In the context of the present application, a UE, which functions as a relay between a UE and a BS, may be referred to "a UE-to-network relay" . A specific example is described in the embodiments of Figure 5B as below.
[0050] In an inter-cell topology, a multi-hop relay may be supported. For example, a remote may connect with a BS via two or more relay UEs, e.g. including one or more UE-to-UE relays and one UE-to-network relay. A specific example is described in the embodiments of Figure 5C as follows.
[0051] Currently, details regarding methods and apparatuses for an inter-cell relay selection or reselection in a multi-hop relay case or scenario have not been discussed in 3GPP technology yet. For example, the following issues need to be solved: whether a relay UE within an idle or inactive state is allowed to select an inter-cell parent relay UE for a multi-hop relay function; how to monitor paging related to a remote UE or a child relay UE in an inter-cell topology; whether a cell may support a multi-hop relay function or not; how to indicate whether a cell supports a multi-hop relay function or not; if a BS or a cell does not support a multi-hop relay function, whether a relay UE in an idle or inactive state can select a candidate relay UE; and if a cell does not support a multi-hop relay function, whether a remote UE is allowed to select a multi-hop relay UE.
[0052] Embodiments of the present disclosure aim to resolve the abovementioned issues. For example, some embodiments of the present disclosure study a case of whether a relay UE in an idle or inactive state is allowed to select an inter-cell parent for a multi-hop relay function. In some embodiments, if not allowed, how to restrict the relay UE's behavior. In some other embodiments, if allowed, how to make enhancements. For example, how to monitor paging related to a remote UE or a child relay UE in the inter-cell topology.
[0053] Some embodiments of the present disclosure study how to indicate whether a cell supports a multi-hop relay function or not. Some embodiments of the present disclosure study a case that a relay UE supporting a multi-hop relay function performs a relay reselection or a cell reselection, but a BS or a cell does not support a multi-hop relay function. In this case, some embodiments study whether this relay UE in an idle or inactive state can select a candidate relay UE or not. Some embodiments of the present disclosure define a remote UE's behavior if a cell does not support a multi-hop relay function.
[0054] In the present disclosure, a multi-hop relay function may also be named as "a multi-hop relay operation" or "a multi-hop relay" or the like.
[0055] More details of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be illustrated in the following text in combination with the appended drawings.
[0056] Figure 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system 100 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communications system 100 may include one or more NE 102, one or more UE 104, and a core network (CN) 106. The wireless communications system 100 may support various radio access technologies. In some implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a 4G network, such as an LTE network or an LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network. In some other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a NR network, such as a 5G network, a 5G-Advanced (5G-A) network, or a 5G ultrawideband (5G-UWB) network. In other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a combination of a 4G network and a 5G network, or other suitable radio access technology including Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi) , IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) , IEEE 802.20. The wireless communications system 100 may support radio access technologies beyond 5G, for example, 6G. Additionally, the wireless communications system 100 may support technologies, such as time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , or code division multiple access (CDMA) , etc.
[0057] The one or more NE 102 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region to form the wireless communications system 100. One or more of the NE 102 described herein may be or include or may be referred to as a network node, a base station, a network element, a network function, a network entity, a radio access network (RAN) , a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB (gNB) , or other suitable terminology. An NE 102 and a UE 104 may communicate via a communication link, which may be a wireless or wired connection. For example, an NE 102 and a UE 104 may perform wireless communication (e.g. receive signaling, transmit signaling) over a Uu interface.
[0058] An NE 102 may provide a geographic coverage area for which the NE 102 may support services for one or more UEs 104 within the geographic coverage area. For example, an NE 102 and a UE 104 may support wireless communication of signals related to services (e.g. voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. ) according to one or multiple radio access technologies. In some implementations, an NE 102 may be moveable, for example, a satellite associated with a non-terrestrial network (NTN) . In some implementations, different geographic coverage areas associated with the same or different radio access technologies may overlap, but the different geographic coverage areas may be associated with different NE 102.
[0059] The one or more UE 104 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region of the wireless communications system 100. A UE 104 may include or may be referred to as a remote unit, a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a subscriber device, a transmitter device, a receiver device, or some other suitable terminology. In some implementations, the UE 104 may be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 104 may be referred to as an Internet-of-Things (IoT) device, an Internet-of-Everything (IoE) device, or machine-type communication (MTC) device, among other examples.
[0060] A UE 104 may be able to support wireless communication directly with other UEs 104 over a communication link. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a device-to-device (D2D) communication link. In some implementations, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) deployments, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) deployments, or cellular-V2X deployments, the communication link may be referred to as a sidelink. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a PC5 interface.
[0061] An NE 102 may support communications with the CN 106, or with another NE 102, or both. For example, an NE 102 may interface with other NE 102 or the CN 106 through one or more backhaul links (e.g. S1, N2, or network interface) . In some implementations, the NE 102 may communicate with each other directly. In some other implementations, the NE 102 may communicate with each other or indirectly (e.g. via the CN 106. In some implementations, one or more NE 102 may include subcomponents, such as an access network entity, which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC) . An ANC may communicate with the one or more UEs 104 through one or more other access network transmission entities, which may be referred to as a radio heads, smart radio heads, or transmission-reception points (TRPs) .
[0062] The CN 106 may support user authentication, access authorization, tracking, connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The CN 106 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) , or a 5G core (5GC) , which may include a control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g. a mobility management entity (MME) , an access and mobility management functions (AMF) ) and a user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g. a serving gateway (S-GW) , a Packet Data Network (PDN) gateway (P-GW) , or a user plane function (UPF) ) . In some implementations, the control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management (e.g. data bearers, signal bearers, etc. ) for the one or more UEs 104 served by the one or more NE 102 associated with the CN 106.
[0063] The CN 106 may communicate with a packet data network over one or more backhaul links (e.g. via an S1, N2, or another network interface) . The packet data network may include an application server. In some implementations, one or more UEs 104 may communicate with the application server. A UE 104 may establish a session (e.g. a protocol data unit (PDU) session, or the like) with the CN 106 via an NE 102. The CN 106 may route traffic (e.g. control information, data, and the like) between the UE 104 and the application server using the established session (e.g. the established PDU session) . The PDU session may be an example of a logical connection between the UE 104 and the CN 106 (e.g. one or more network functions of the CN 106) .
[0064] In the wireless communications system 100, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may use resources of the wireless communications system 100 (e.g. time resources (e.g. symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g. subcarriers, carriers) ) to perform various operations (e.g. wireless communications) . In some implementations, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support different resource structures. For example, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support different frame structures. In some implementations, such as in 4G, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support a single frame structure. In some other implementations, such as in 5G and among other suitable radio access technologies, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures (i.e., multiple frame structures) . The NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures based on one or more numerologies.
[0065] One or more numerologies may be supported in the wireless communications system 100, and a numerology may include a subcarrier spacing and a cyclic prefix. A first numerology (e.g. μ=0) may be associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g. 15 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. In some implementations, the first numerology (e.g. μ=0) associated with the first subcarrier spacing (e.g. 15 kHz) may utilize one slot per subframe. A second numerology (e.g. μ=1) may be associated with a second subcarrier spacing (e.g. 30 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A third numerology (e.g. μ=2) may be associated with a third subcarrier spacing (e.g. 60 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix or an extended cyclic prefix. A fourth numerology (e.g. μ=3) may be associated with a fourth subcarrier spacing (e.g. 120 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A fifth numerology (e.g. μ=4) may be associated with a fifth subcarrier spacing (e.g. 240 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix.
[0066] A time interval of a resource (e.g. a communication resource) may be organized according to frames (also referred to as radio frames) . Each frame may have a duration, for example, a 10 millisecond (ms) duration. In some implementations, each frame may include multiple subframes. For example, each frame may include 10 subframes, and each subframe may have a duration, for example, a 1 ms duration. In some implementations, each frame may have the same duration. In some implementations, each subframe of a frame may have the same duration.
[0067] Additionally or alternatively, a time interval of a resource (e.g. a communication resource) may be organized according to slots. For example, a subframe may include a number (e.g. quantity) of slots. The number of slots in each subframe may also depend on the one or more numerologies supported in the wireless communications system 100. For instance, the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth numerologies (i.e., μ=0, μ=1, μ=2, μ=3, μ=4) associated with respective subcarrier spacings of 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz, and 240 kHz may utilize a single slot per subframe, two slots per subframe, four slots per subframe, eight slots per subframe, and 16 slots per subframe, respectively. Each slot may include a number (e.g. quantity) of symbols (e.g. OFDM symbols) . In some implementations, the number (e.g. quantity) of slots for a subframe may depend on a numerology. For a normal cyclic prefix, a slot may include 14 symbols. For an extended cyclic prefix (e.g. applicable for 60 kHz subcarrier spacing) , a slot may include 12 symbols. The relationship between the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per subframe, and the number of slots per frame for a normal cyclic prefix and an extended cyclic prefix may depend on a numerology. It should be understood that reference to a first numerology (e.g. μ=0) associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g. 15 kHz) may be used interchangeably between subframes and slots.
[0068] In the wireless communications system 100, an electromagnetic (EM) spectrum may be split, based on frequency or wavelength, into various classes, frequency bands, frequency channels, etc. By way of example, the wireless communications system 100 may support one or multiple operating frequency bands, such as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz –7.125 GHz) , FR2 (24.25 GHz –52.6 GHz) , FR3 (7.125 GHz –24.25 GHz) , FR4 (52.6 GHz –114.25 GHz) , FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz –71 GHz) , and FR5 (114.25 GHz –300 GHz) . In some implementations, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may perform wireless communications over one or more of the operating frequency bands. In some implementations, FR1 may be used by the NEs 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for cellular communications traffic (e.g. control information, data) . In some implementations, FR2 may be used by the NEs 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for short-range, high data rate capabilities.
[0069] FR1 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g. at least three numerologies) . For example, FR1 may be associated with a first numerology (e.g. μ=0) , which includes 15 kHz subcarrier spacing; a second numerology (e.g. μ=1) , which includes 30 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a third numerology (e.g. μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing. FR2 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g. at least 2 numerologies) . For example, FR2 may be associated with a third numerology (e.g. μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a fourth numerology (e.g. μ=3) , which includes 120 kHz subcarrier spacing.
[0070] Figure 2 illustrates an example of a UE 200 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The UE 200 may include a processor 202, a memory 204, a controller 206, and a transceiver 208. The processor 202, the memory 204, the controller 206, or the transceiver 208, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present disclosure as described herein. These components may be coupled (e.g. operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces.
[0071] The processor 202, the memory 204, the controller 206, or the transceiver 208, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g. circuitry) . The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , or other programmable logic device, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure.
[0072] The processor 202 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g. a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, or any combination thereof) . In some implementations, the processor 202 may be configured to operate the memory 204. In some other implementations, the memory 204 may be integrated into the processor 202. The processor 202 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 204 to cause the UE 200 to perform various functions of the present disclosure.
[0073] The memory 204 may include volatile or non-volatile memory. The memory 204 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions when executed by the processor 202 cause the UE 200 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such the memory 204 or another type of memory. Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.
[0074] In some implementations, the processor 202 and the memory 204 coupled with the processor 202 may be configured to cause the UE 200 to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g. executing, by the processor 202, instructions stored in the memory 204) .
[0075] For example, the processor 202 may support wireless communication at the UE 200 in accordance with examples as disclosed with respect to Figure 6. The UE 200 may be configured to support: a means for receiving system information from a serving cell of a BS; a means for determining, based on the system information, whether the serving cell supports a multi-hop relay function; and a means for transmitting a discovery message including information related to the multi-hop relay function.
[0076] For example, the processor 202 may support wireless communication at the UE 200 in accordance with examples as disclosed with respect to Figure 7. The UE 200 may be a remote UE and configured to support: a means for connecting to a BS via a relay UE served by a serving cell of the BS; a means for receiving system information from the serving cell via the relay UE; and a means for determining, based on the system information, whether the serving cell supports a multi-hop relay function.
[0077] The controller 206 may manage input and output signals for the UE 200. The controller 206 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the UE 200. In some implementations, the controller 206 may utilize an operating system such as or other operating systems. In some implementations, the controller 206 may be implemented as part of the processor 202.
[0078] In some implementations, the UE 200 may include at least one transceiver 208. In some other implementations, the UE 200 may have more than one transceiver 208. The transceiver 208 may represent a wireless transceiver. The transceiver 208 may include one or more receiver chains 210, one or more transmitter chains 212, or a combination thereof. The means for receiving abovementioned in the processor 202 or the means for transmitting in the processor 202 may be implemented via at least one transceiver 208.
[0079] A receiver chain 210 may be configured to receive signals (e.g. control information, data, packets) over a wireless medium. For example, the receiver chain 210 may include one or more antennas for receive the signal over the air or wireless medium. The receiver chain 210 may include at least one amplifier (e.g. a low-noise amplifier (LNA) ) configured to amplify the received signal. The receiver chain 210 may include at least one demodulator configured to demodulate the receive signal and obtain the transmitted data by reversing the modulation technique applied during transmission of the signal. The receiver chain 210 may include at least one decoder for decoding the processing the demodulated signal to receive the transmitted data.
[0080] A transmitter chain 212 may be configured to generate and transmit signals (e.g. control information, data, packets) . The transmitter chain 212 may include at least one modulator for modulating data onto a carrier signal, preparing the signal for transmission over a wireless medium. The at least one modulator may be configured to support one or more techniques such as amplitude modulation (AM) , frequency modulation (FM) , or digital modulation schemes like phase-shift keying (PSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) . The transmitter chain 212 may also include at least one power amplifier configured to amplify the modulated signal to an appropriate power level suitable for transmission over the wireless medium. The transmitter chain 212 may also include one or more antennas for transmitting the amplified signal into the air or wireless medium.
[0081] Figure 3 illustrates an example of a processor 300 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The processor 300 may be an example of a processor configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 300 may include a controller 302 configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 300 may optionally include at least one memory 304, which may be, for example, an L1 / L2 / L3 cache. Additionally, or alternatively, the processor 300 may optionally include one or more arithmetic-logic units (ALUs) 306. One or more of these components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g. operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g. buses) .
[0082] The processor 300 may be a processor chipset and include a protocol stack (e.g. a software stack) executed by the processor chipset to perform various operations (e.g. receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor chipset may include one or more cores, one or more caches (e.g. memory local to or included in the processor chipset (e.g. the processor 300) or other memory (e.g. random access memory (RAM) , read-only memory (ROM) , dynamic RAM (DRAM) , synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM) , static RAM (SRAM) , ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM) , magnetic RAM (MRAM) , resistive RAM (RRAM) , flash memory, phase change memory (PCM) , and others) .
[0083] The controller 302 may be configured to manage and coordinate various operations (e.g. signaling, receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) of the processor 300 to cause the processor 300 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. For example, the controller 302 may operate as a control unit of the processor 300, generating control signals that manage the operation of various components of the processor 300. These control signals include enabling or disabling functional units, selecting data paths, initiating memory access, and coordinating timing of operations.
[0084] The controller 302 may be configured to fetch (e.g. obtain, retrieve, receive) instructions from the memory 304 and determine subsequent instruction (s) to be executed to cause the processor 300 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The controller 302 may be configured to track memory address of instructions associated with the memory 304. The controller 302 may be configured to decode instructions to determine the operation to be performed and the operands involved. For example, the controller 302 may be configured to interpret the instruction and determine control signals to be output to other components of the processor 300 to cause the processor 300 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. Additionally, or alternatively, the controller 302 may be configured to manage flow of data within the processor 300. The controller 302 may be configured to control transfer of data between registers, arithmetic logic units (ALUs) , and other functional units of the processor 300.
[0085] The memory 304 may include one or more caches (e.g. memory local to or included in the processor 300 or other memory, such RAM, ROM, DRAM, SDRAM, SRAM, MRAM, flash memory, etc. In some implementations, the memory 304 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g. local to the processor 300) . In some other implementations, the memory 304 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g. remote to the processor 300) .
[0086] The memory 304 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 300, cause the processor 300 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. The controller 302 and / or the processor 300 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 304 to cause the processor 300 to perform various functions. For example, the processor 300 and / or the controller 302 may be coupled with or to the memory 304, the processor 300, the controller 302, and the memory 304 may be configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the processor 300 may include multiple processors and the memory 304 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein.
[0087] The one or more ALUs 306 may be configured to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, the one or more ALUs 306 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g. the processor 300) . In some other implementations, the one or more ALUs 306 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g. the processor 300) . One or more ALUs 306 may perform one or more computations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division on data. For example, one or more ALUs 306 may receive input operands and an operation code, which determines an operation to be executed. One or more ALUs 306 be configured with a variety of logical and arithmetic circuits, including adders, subtractors, shifters, and logic gates, to process and manipulate the data according to the operation. Additionally, or alternatively, the one or more ALUs 306 may support logical operations such as AND, OR, exclusive-OR (XOR) , not-OR (NOR) , and not-AND (NAND) , enabling the one or more ALUs 306 to handle conditional operations, comparisons, and bitwise operations.
[0088] The processor 300 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein.
[0089] In some implementations, the processor 300 may be configured to support a means for performing operations of a UE as described with respect to Figure 6. The processor 300 may be configured to or operable to support: a means for receiving system information from a serving cell of a BS; a means for determining, based on the system information, whether the serving cell supports a multi-hop relay function; and a means for transmitting a discovery message including information related to the multi-hop relay function.
[0090] In some implementations, the processor 300 may be configured to support a means for performing operations of a remote UE as described with respect to Figure 7. The processor 300 may be configured to or operable to support: a means for connecting to a BS via a relay UE served by a serving cell of the BS; a means for receiving system information from the serving cell via the relay UE; and a means for determining, based on the system information, whether the serving cell supports a multi-hop relay function.
[0091] In some implementations, the processor 300 may be configured to support a means for performing operations of a BS as described with respect to Figure 8. The processor 300 may be configured to or operable to support: a means for determining whether a cell of the BS supports a multi-hop relay function; and a means for transmitting system information related to the multi-hop relay function to a UE.
[0092] It should be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the components in exemplary processor 300 may be changed, for example, some of the components in exemplary processor 300 may be omitted or modified or new component (s) may be added to exemplary processor 300, without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. For example, in some embodiments, the processor 300 may not include the ALUs 306.
[0093] Figure 4 illustrates an example of a NE 400 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The NE 400 may include a processor 402, a memory 404, a controller 406, and a transceiver 408. The processor 402, the memory 404, the controller 406, or the transceiver 408, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present disclosure as described herein. These components may be coupled (e.g. operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces.
[0094] The processor 402, the memory 404, the controller 406, or the transceiver 408, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g. circuitry) . The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , or other programmable logic device, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure.
[0095] The processor 402 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g. a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, or any combination thereof) . In some implementations, the processor 402 may be configured to operate the memory 404. In some other implementations, the memory 404 may be integrated into the processor 402. The processor 402 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 404 to cause the NE 400 to perform various functions of the present disclosure.
[0096] The memory 404 may include volatile or non-volatile memory. The memory 404 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions when executed by the processor 402 cause the NE 400 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such the memory 404 or another type of memory. Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.
[0097] In some implementations, the processor 402 and the memory 404 coupled with the processor 402 may be configured to cause the NE 400 to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g. executing, by the processor 402, instructions stored in the memory 404) . For example, the processor 402 may support wireless communication at the NE 400 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the NE 400 may be configured to support a means for performing the operations as described with respect to Figures 7 and 8 as described below.
[0098] In some implementations, the NE 400 may be a BS as described with respect to Figure 8. The NE 400 may be configured to support: a means for determining whether a cell of the BS supports a multi-hop relay function; and a means for transmitting system information related to the multi-hop relay function to a UE.
[0099] The controller 406 may manage input and output signals for the NE 400. The controller 406 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the NE 400. In some implementations, the controller 406 may utilize an operating system such as or other operating systems. In some implementations, the controller 406 may be implemented as part of the processor 402.
[0100] In some implementations, the NE 400 may include at least one transceiver 408. In some other implementations, the NE 400 may have more than one transceiver 408. The transceiver 408 may represent a wireless transceiver. The transceiver 408 may include one or more receiver chains 410, one or more transmitter chains 412, or a combination thereof. The means for receiving or the means for transmitting abovementioned in the processor 402 may be implemented via at least one transceiver 408.
[0101] A receiver chain 410 may be configured to receive signals (e.g. control information, data, packets) over a wireless medium. For example, the receiver chain 410 may include one or more antennas for receive the signal over the air or wireless medium. The receiver chain 410 may include at least one amplifier (e.g. a low-noise amplifier (LNA) ) configured to amplify the received signal. The receiver chain 410 may include at least one demodulator configured to demodulate the receive signal and obtain the transmitted data by reversing the modulation technique applied during transmission of the signal. The receiver chain 410 may include at least one decoder for decoding the processing the demodulated signal to receive the transmitted data.
[0102] A transmitter chain 412 may be configured to generate and transmit signals (e.g. control information, data, packets) . The transmitter chain 412 may include at least one modulator for modulating data onto a carrier signal, preparing the signal for transmission over a wireless medium. The at least one modulator may be configured to support one or more techniques such as amplitude modulation (AM) , frequency modulation (FM) , or digital modulation schemes like phase-shift keying (PSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) . The transmitter chain 412 may also include at least one power amplifier configured to amplify the modulated signal to an appropriate power level suitable for transmission over the wireless medium. The transmitter chain 412 may also include one or more antennas for transmitting the amplified signal into the air or wireless medium.
[0103] It should be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the components in exemplary NE 400 may be changed, for example, some of the components in exemplary NE 400 may be omitted or modified or new component (s) may be added to exemplary NE 400, without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. For example, in some embodiments, the NE 400 may not include the controller 406.
[0104] Figure 5A illustrates a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 5A, the wireless communication system may support sidelink communications. Sidelink communication supports an UE-to-UE direct communication. In the context of the present application, sidelink communications may be categorized according to the wireless communication technologies adopted. For example, sidelink communication may include NR sidelink communication and V2X Sidelink communication.
[0105] Referring to Figure 5A, the wireless communication system may include some base stations (e.g., BS 105 and BS 103) and some UEs (e.g., UE 101A, UE 101B, and UE 101C) . Although a specific number of UEs and BSs are depicted in Figure 5A, it is contemplated that any number of UEs and BSs may be included in the wireless communication system.
[0106] The UEs and the BSs may support communication based on, for example, 3G, long-term evolution (LTE) , LTE-advanced (LTE-A) , new radio (NR) , or other suitable protocol (s) . In some embodiments of the present application, a BS (e.g., BS 105 or BS 103) may be referred to as an access point, an access terminal, a base, a base unit, a macro cell, a Node-B, an evolved Node B (eNB) , a gNB, an ng-eNB, a Home Node-B, a relay node, or a device, or described using other terminology used in the art. A UE (e.g., UE 101A, UE 101B, and UE 101C) may include, for example, but is not limited to, a computing device, a wearable device, a mobile device, an IoT device, a vehicle, etc. Persons skilled in the art should understand that as technology develops and advances, the terminologies described in the present application may change, but should not affect or limit the principles and spirit of the present application.
[0107] In the example of Figure 5A, BS 105 and BS 103 may be included in a next generation radio access network (NG-RAN) . In an embodiment of the present application, BS 105 may be a gNB and BS 103 may be an ng-eNB.
[0108] UE 101A and UE 101B may be inside NG-RAN coverage. For example, as shown in Figure 5A, UE 101A may be within the coverage of BS 105, and UE 101B may be within the coverage of BS 103. UE 101C may be outside NG-RAN coverage. For example, as shown in Figure 5A, UE 101C may be outside the coverage of any BSs, e.g., both BS 105 and BS 103. UE 101A and UE 101B may respectively connect to BS 105 and BS 103 via a network interface, for example, the Uu interface as specified in 3GPP standard documents. BS 105 and BS 103 may be connected to each other via a network interface, for example, the Xn interface as specified in 3GPP standard documents. UE 101A, UE 101B, and UE 101C may be connected to each other respectively via, for example, a PC5 interface as specified in 3GPP standard documents.
[0109] For example, UE 101A, which is within the coverage of BS 105, can perform sidelink transmission and reception (e.g., sidelink unicast transmission, sidelink groupcast transmission, or sidelink broadcast transmission) over a PC5 interface. UE 101C, which is outside the coverage of both BS 105 and BS 103, can also perform sidelink transmission and reception over a PC5 interface.
[0110] Figure 5B illustrates a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 5B, the wireless communication system may include one BS (e.g., BS 303) and some UEs (e.g., UE 301A and UE 301B) . UE 301B may be within the coverage of BS 303, and UE 301A may be out-of-coverage. Although a specific number of UEs and BS are depicted in Figure 5B, it is contemplated that any number of UEs may be included in the wireless communication system.
[0111] The wireless communication system in Figure 5B may support sidelink communications. For example, UE 301B may be in sidelink communication with UE 301A. Although UE 301A is outside the coverage of BS 303, UE 301A may access BS 202 via UE 301B. UE 301A and BS 303 may thus establish a radio resource control (RRC) connection therebetween, and UE 301A may have RRC states, such as an RRC_IDLE state, an RRC_INACTIVE state, and an RRC_CONNECTED state. In the context of the present application, a UE (e.g., UE 301B) , which functions as a relay between a UE and a BS, may be referred to "a UE-to-network relay" . It should be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that although a single relay node between UE 301A and BS 303 is depicted in Figure 5B, it is contemplated that any number of relay nodes may be included.
[0112] Figure 5C illustrates a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 5C, the wireless communication system may include one BS (e.g., BS 403) and some UEs (e.g., UE 401A, UE 401B and UE 401C) . UE 401B may be within the coverage of BS 403, i.e. cell #1. UE 401C may be within the coverage of BS 403, i.e. cell #2. UE 401A may be out-of-coverage. Although a specific number of UEs and BS are depicted in Figure 5C, it is contemplated that any number of UEs may be included in the wireless communication system.
[0113] Figure 5C illustrates an inter-cell topology. UE 401C functions as a relay between UE 401B and BS 403, may be referred to "a UE-to-network relay. " UE 401B functions as a relay between UE 401A and UE 401C, may be referred to "a UE-to-UE relay. " UE 401A is a remote UE, UE 401B is a child relay UE, and UE 401C is a parent relay UE. UE 401C is the last relay UE, that is connected to BS 403.
[0114] Figure 6 illustrates a flowchart of a method related to a multi-hop relay in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method may be implemented by a UE (e.g. a relay UE or a remote UE) as described herein. In some implementations, the UE may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the UE to perform the described functions. In some implementations, aspects of operations 602, 604 and 606 may be performed by UE 200 as described with reference to Figure 2. Each of operations 602, 604 and 606 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. Specific examples are described in the embodiments of Figures 9-12 as follows.
[0115] At operation 602, the method may include receiving, by a UE, system information from a serving cell of a BS. In some embodiments, the UE is a remote UE (e.g. UE 401A in Figure 5C) , e.g. remote UE 903, remote UE 1003, remote UE 1103, or remote UE 1203 as shown in any of Figures 9-12. In some other embodiments, the UE is a relay UE (e.g. UE 401B in Figure 5C) , e.g. relay UE 902, relay UE 904, relay UE 1002, relay UE 1004, relay UE 1102, relay UE 1104, or UE 1202 as shown in any of Figures 9-12.
[0116] At operation 604, the method may include determining, by the UE based on the system information, whether the serving cell supports a multi-hop relay function. At operation 606, the method may include transmitting, by the UE, a discovery message including information related to the multi-hop relay function.
[0117] In some implementations of the method, the system information received at operation 602 is a system information block (SIB) . For instance, the system information may include information explicitly or implicitly whether the multi-hop relay function is supported or not. In some embodiments, the system information includes:
[0118] (1) information indicating whether the multi-hop relay function is supported by the serving cell;
[0119] (2) information indicating whether a Layer-2 (L2) multi-hop relay function is supported by the serving cell;
[0120] (3) information indicating whether a Layer-3 (L3) multi-hop relay function is supported by the serving cell;
[0121] (4) a maximum total number of multi-hop relay UEs supported by the serving cell;
[0122] (5) information indicating whether a discovery mechanism for the L2 multi-hop relay function is supported by the serving cell;
[0123] (6) information indicating whether a discovery mechanism for the L3 multi-hop relay function is supported by the serving cell; and / or
[0124] (7) information (denoted as information #Afor simplicity) implicitly indicating whether the multi-hop relay function is supported by the serving cell. In some implementations, information #Aincludes at least one of the following:
[0125] a) a condition of being a multi-hop relay UE served by the serving cell. For example, the condition includes: a maximum Uu RSRP threshold, and / or a minimum Uu RSRP threshold.
[0126] b) configuration information for the multi-hop relay function, e.g. discovery configuration information.
[0127] Specific examples are described in the embodiments of Figures 9-11 as follows.
[0128] In some implementations of the method, if the serving cell does not support the multi-hop relay function and if the UE enters into an RRC idle state or an RRC inactive state, the UE may perform different operations in different embodiments. For example:
[0129] (1) the UE may forbid to select a candidate relay UE accessing the serving cell via another relay UE or Uu link, e.g. in a case that the UE is a remote UE (e.g. UE 401A in Figure 5C) which is not allowed to select a parent relay UE;
[0130] (2) the UE may forbid to select a candidate relay UE if the UE is connected to a remote UE, e.g. in a case that the UE is a relay UE (e.g. UE 401B in Figure 5C) which is not allowed to select a parent relay UE;
[0131] (3) the UE may select a candidate relay UE accessing the BS (e.g. a candidate relay UE in cell #1) , e.g. in a case that the UE is a relay UE (e.g. UE 401B in Figure 5C) ; in some embodiments, after selecting the candidate relay UE accessing the BS, the UE may forbid to transit to an RRC connected state, e.g. keeping in an RRC idle state or an RRC inactive state; or
[0132] (4) the UE may select a candidate relay UE accessing the BS (e.g. a candidate relay UE in cell #1) if the UE is not connected to any remote UE, e.g. in a case that the UE is a relay UE (e.g. UE 401B in Figure 5C) . In some embodiments, after selecting the candidate relay UE accessing the BS, the UE may forbid to transit to an RRC connected state, e.g. keeping in an RRC idle state or an RRC inactive state.
[0133] A specific example is described in the embodiments of Figure 12 as follows.
[0134] In some implementations of the method, if the serving cell supports the multi-hop relay function, the UE may enter into an RRC idle state or an RRC inactive state. In some embodiments, the UE may forbid to select a candidate relay UE served by a cell of the BS different from the serving cell, e.g. in a case that the UE is a relay UE (e.g. UE 401B in Figure 5C) which is not allowed to select any candidate relay UE served by a cell of the BS different from the serving cell. In some other embodiments, the UE may select a candidate relay UE (denoted as candidate relay UE #2, e.g. UE 401C in Figure 5C) served by any cell of the BS, as a parent relay UE of the UE, and then communicate with the BS via candidate relay UE #2. In an embodiment, if candidate relay UE #2 belongs to a cell (e.g. cell #2 in Figure 5C) of the BS that is different from the serving cell (e.g. cell #1 in Figure 5C) , the UE may apply system information (denoted as system information #2) from the cell (e.g. cell #2) . For example, the UE may receive system information #2 from candidate relay UE #2; and forbid to apply system information (denoted as system information #1) from the serving cell. A specific example is described in the embodiments of Figure 9 as follows.
[0135] In some embodiments of the method, the UE is a relay UE (e.g. UE 401B in Figure 5C) and may receive paging related information from a remote UE (e.g. UE 401A in Figure 5C) . Then, the relay UE may select a UE (i.e. a candidate relay UE, e.g. UE 401C in Figure 5C) from a cell (e.g. cell #2) of the BS different from the serving cell (e.g. cell #1) , as a parent relay UE of the relay UE, and forbid to monitor a paging message from the serving cell. In an embodiment, the relay UE (e.g. UE 401B) may transmit the paging related information to the parent relay UE (e.g. UE 401C) ; receive, from the parent relay UE, a paging message from the cell (e.g. cell #2) which serves the parent relay UE; and transmit, to the remote UE (e.g. UE 401A) , the paging message from the cell (e.g. cell #2) which serves the parent relay UE.
[0136] In some other embodiments of the method, the UE (e.g. UE 401B) may receive paging related information from a remote UE (e.g. UE 401A) ; select a UE (e.g. UE 401C) from a cell (e.g. cell #2) of the BS different from the serving cell (e.g. cell #1) , as a parent relay UE; and monitor a paging message from the serving cell.
[0137] In some embodiments of the method, the UE may receive the paging message from the serving cell; and transmit the paging message from the serving cell to at least one of the following: the remote UE; or the parent relay UE of the UE. A specific example is described in the embodiments of Figure 10 as follows.
[0138] It should be noted that the method described in Figure 6 describes possible implementations, and that the operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise eliminated or modified and that other implementations are possible, without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure.
[0139] Figure 7 illustrates a flowchart of a method related to a multi-hop relay in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method may be implemented by a remote UE as described herein. In some implementations, the remote UE may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the remote UE to perform the described functions. In some implementations, aspects of operations 702, 704 and 706 may be performed by UE 200 as described with reference to Figure 2. Each of operations 702, 704 and 706 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. Specific examples are described in the embodiments of Figures 11 and 12 as follows.
[0140] At operation 702, the method may include connecting, by a remote UE (e.g. UE 401A in Figure 5C) , to a BS (e.g. BS 403 in Figure 5C) via a relay UE (e.g. UE 401B in Figure 5C) served by a serving cell (e.g. cell #1 in Figure 5C) of the BS. For example, the remote UE may be remote UE 1103 or UE 1203 as shown in Figure 11 or Figure 12.
[0141] At operation 704, the method may include receiving system information by the remote UE from the serving cell via the relay UE. The system information received at operation 704 may be the same as the system information received at operation 602 as described in the embodiments of Figure 6. For example, the system information received at operation 704 may include information (e.g. information #A) explicitly or implicitly whether the multi-hop relay function is supported or not. In some implementations, this information includes at least one of the following:
[0142] (1) a condition of being a multi-hop relay UE served by the serving cell. For example, the condition includes: a maximum Uu RSRP threshold, and / or a minimum Uu RSRP threshold.
[0143] (2) configuration information for the multi-hop relay function, e.g. discovery configuration information. Specific examples are described in the embodiments of Figures 11 and 12 as follows.
[0144] At operation 706, the remote UE may determine whether the serving cell supports a multi-hop relay function by based on the system information.
[0145] In some implementations of the method, if the serving cell does not support the multi-hop relay function and if the remote UE enters into an RRC idle state or an RRC inactive state, in some embodiments, the remote UE may forbid to select a candidate relay UE accessing the serving cell via another relay UE or Uu link, e.g. in a case that the remote UE is not allowed to select a parent relay UE. In some other embodiments, the UE may select a candidate relay UE (e.g. UE 401B in Figure 5C) accessing the serving cell via another relay UE (e.g. UE 401C in Figure 5C) or Uu link, e.g. in a case that the remote UE is allowed to select a parent relay UE.
[0146] In some embodiments, after selecting the candidate relay UE (e.g. UE 401B) accessing the serving cell via another relay UE (e.g. UE 401C) , the remote UE may forbid to transit to an RRC connected state. A specific example is described in the embodiments of Figure 12 as follows.
[0147] It should be noted that the method described in Figure 7 describes possible implementations, and that the operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise eliminated or modified and that other implementations are possible, without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure.
[0148] Figure 8 illustrates a flowchart of a method related to a multi-hop relay in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method may be implemented by a network node, e.g. a BS as described herein. In some implementations, the BS may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the BS to perform the described functions. In some implementations, aspects of operations 802 and 804 may be performed by NE 400 as described with reference to Figure 4. Each of operations 802 and 804 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. Specific examples are described in the embodiments of Figures 9-12 as follows.
[0149] At operation 802, the method may include determining, by a BS (e.g. BS 403 in Figure 5C) , whether a cell (e.g. cell #1 or cell #2 in Figure 5C) of the BS supports a multi-hop relay function. In some embodiments, the BS is BS 901, BS 1001, BS 1101, or BS 1201 as shown in any of Figures 9-12.
[0150] At operation 804, the method may include transmitting system information related to the multi-hop relay function by the BS to a UE. The system information transmitted at operation 804 may be the same as the system information received at operation 602 as described in the embodiments of Figure 6. For example, the system information transmitted at operation 804 may include information (e.g. information #A) explicitly or implicitly whether the multi-hop relay function is supported or not. Specific examples are described in the embodiments of Figures 9-11 as follows.
[0151] In some implementations of the method, the BS includes a centralized unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU) . The CU of the BS may determine whether the cell (e.g. cell #1 or cell #2) supports a multi-hop relay function, and transmit information indicating whether the cell supports a multi-hop relay function to the DU of the BS.
[0152] It should be noted that the method described in Figure 8 describes possible implementations, and that the operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise eliminated or modified and that other implementations are possible, without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure.
[0153] Figure 9 illustrates a schematic diagram of a multi-hop relay in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. Details described in all other embodiments of the present disclosure are applicable for the embodiments shown in Figure 9.
[0154] In the exemplary flowchart as shown in Figure 9, in operation 911, BS 901 (e.g. serving gNB) can indicate whether to support a multi-hop relay. For example, there may be multiple manners or options of operation 911 according to different embodiments, including "Explicit option" and "Implicit option" as below.
[0155] Explicit option:
[0156] (1) BS 901 may transmit an indication to indicate whether to support L2 multi-hop relay. For example, the indication is as follow, wherein sl-L2U2N-Multi-hop Relay is just an example for an information element (IE) name.
[0157] sl-L2U2N-Multi-hop Relay ENUMERATED {enabled}
[0158] (2) BS 901 may transmit an indication to indicate whether to support L3 multi-hop relay. For example, the indication is as follow, wherein sl-L3U2N-Multi-hop Relay is just an example for an IE name.
[0159] sl-L3U2N-Multi-hop Relay ENUMERATED {enabled}
[0160] Implicit option:
[0161] (1) Some information broadcasted by BS 901 in a system information block (SIB) is related to multi-hop relay. For example, a SIB includes a threshold of being a multi-hop relay UE, and such threshold can be used to implicitly indicate whether to support a multi-hop relay.
[0162] (2) BS 901 may transmit an indication to indicate a maximum number of multi-hop relay UEs. Specifically, if the maximum number is 2, a remote UE can access BS 901 via two relays, e.g. the remote UE is connected to a first relay UE, and the first relay UE is connected to a second relay UE, while the second relay UE connected to BS 901. More specifically, as shown in Figure 9, remote UE 903 may communicate with BS 901 via two relay UE, i.e. relay UE 902 and relay UE 904.
[0163] (3) BS 901 may transmit an indication to indicate whether to support discovery for L2 multi-hop purpose. For example, the indication is as follow, wherein sl-L2U2N-Multi-hop-RelayDiscovery is just an example for an IE name.
[0164] sl-L2U2N-Multi-hop-RelayDiscovery ENUMERATED {enabled}
[0165] (4) BS 901 may transmit an indication to indicate whether to support discovery for L3 multi-hop purpose. For example, the indication is as follow, wherein sl-L3U2N-Multi-hop-RelayDiscovery is just an example for an IE name.
[0166] sl-L3U2N-Multi-hop-RelayDiscovery ENUMERATED {enabled}
[0167] In some implementations, BS 901 firstly determines whether to support a multi-hop relay, and then transmits information indicating whether the cell supports the multi-hop relay in operation 911. In some embodiments, BS 901 includes a CU and a DU. The CU of BS 901 determines whether the cell (e.g. cell #1 or cell #2) supports a multi-hop relay, and transmits information indicating whether the cell supports the multi-hop relay to the DU of BS 901.
[0168] In operation 913, relay UE 902 performs a relay reselection or cell reselection. If BS 901 supports multi-hop relay, relay UE 902 can select a relay UE as a parent relay UE, e.g. relay UE 904 shown in Figure 9 (or other relay UE not shown in Figure 9) . Different operations may be performed according to different embodiments, e.g. Option #1 and Option #2 as below.
[0169] Option #1: a relay UE cannot select a parent relay UE in a different cell from its serving cell. In some embodiments of Option #1, the relay UE may determine whether a candidate relay UE belongs to the same cell based on a cell ID included in a discovery message from the candidate relay UE.
[0170] For instance, if relay UE 902 camps on a serving cell (e.g. cell #1) of BS 901 and if relay UE 902 enters into an RRC idle or inactive state (e.g. in operation 912, which is optional) , relay UE 902 cannot select a parent relay UE in a cell (e.g. a relay UE in cell #2) different from the serving cell (e.g. cell #1) . In some embodiments, relay UE 902 may determine whether a candidate relay UE belongs to the same cell (i.e. cell #1) based on a cell ID included in a discovery message from the candidate relay UE. If relay UE 902 determines that the candidate relay UE belongs to a different cell (e.g. cell #2) , relay UE 902 cannot select this candidate relay UE as its parent relay UE.
[0171] Option #2: a relay UE can select a parent relay UE in a different cell from its serving cell. In some embodiments of Option #2, once the relay UE selects a parent relay UE from the different cell, the relay UE applies or uses system information from the different cell. The system information from the different cell may be transferred by the selected parent relay UE to the relay UE. In some embodiments of Option #2, the relay UE may not be expected to monitor system information from its serving cell.
[0172] For instance, if relay UE 902 camps on a serving cell (e.g. cell #1) of BS 901 and if relay UE 902 enters into an RRC idle or inactive state (e.g. in operation 912, which is optional) , relay UE 902 can select a parent relay UE (e.g. relay UE 904) in a cell (e.g. cell #2) different from the serving cell (e.g. cell #1) .
[0173] In some embodiments, once relay UE 902 selects a parent relay UE (e.g. relay UE 904) from the different cell, relay UE 902 may receive system information of the different cell from its parent relay UE and apply or use the system information from the different cell (e.g. cell #2) . BS 901 may transmit system information of cell #2 to relay UE 904 in operation 914 (which is optional) . After relay UE 902 selects relay UE 904 as a parent relay UE, relay UE 904 may transmit the system information of cell #2 to relay UE 902 in operation 915 (which is optional) .
[0174] In some embodiments, relay UE 902 is not expected to monitor system information from its serving cell (e.g. cell #1) .
[0175] After relay UE 902 completing the relay reselection or the cell reselection, remote UE 903 may communicate with BS 901 via two relay UEs, i.e. relay UE 902 and relay UE 904. For instance, in operation 916A, remote UE 903 transmits data transmissions to relay UE 902. In operation 916B, relay UE 902 transmits the data transmissions to relay UE 904. Then, relay UE 904 transmits the data transmissions to BS 901 in operation 916C.
[0176] Figure 10 illustrates a schematic diagram of a multi-hop relay in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. Details described in all other embodiments of the present disclosure are applicable for the embodiments shown in Figure 10.
[0177] In the exemplary flowchart as shown in Figure 10, in operation 1011, BS 1001 (e.g. serving gNB) can indicate whether to support a multi-hop relay. For example, there may be multiple manners or options of operation 1011 according to different embodiments, including "Explicit option" and "Implicit option" as below.
[0178] Explicit option:
[0179] (1) BS 1001 may transmit an indication to indicate whether to support L2 multi-hop relay. For example, the indication is as follow, wherein sl-L2U2N-Multi-hop Relay is just an example for an IE name.
[0180] sl-L2U2N-Multi-hop Relay ENUMERATED {enabled}
[0181] (2) BS 1001 may transmit an indication to indicate whether to support L3 multi-hop relay. For example, the indication is as follow, wherein sl-L3U2N-Multi-hop Relay is just an example for an IE name.
[0182] sl-L3U2N-Multi-hop Relay ENUMERATED {enabled}
[0183] Implicit option:
[0184] (1) Some information broadcasted by BS 1001 in a SIB is related to multi-hop relay. For example, a SIB includes a threshold of being a multi-hop relay UE, and such threshold can be used to implicitly indicate whether to support a multi-hop relay.
[0185] (2) BS 1001 may transmit an indication to indicate a maximum number of multi-hop relay UEs. Specifically, if the maximum number is 2, a remote UE can access BS 1001 via two relays, e.g. the remote UE is connected to a first relay UE, and the first relay UE is connected to a second relay UE, while the second relay UE connected to BS 1001. More specifically, as shown in Figure 10, remote UE 1003 may communicate with BS 1001 via two relay UE, i.e. relay UE 1002 and relay UE 1004.
[0186] (3) BS 1001 may transmit an indication to indicate whether to support discovery for L2 multi-hop purpose. For example, the indication is as follow, wherein sl-L2U2N-Multi-hop-RelayDiscovery is just an example for an IE name.
[0187] sl-L2U2N-Multi-hop-RelayDiscovery ENUMERATED {enabled}
[0188] (4) BS 1001 may transmit an indication to indicate whether to support discovery for L3 multi-hop purpose. For example, the indication is as follow, wherein sl-L3U2N-Multi-hop-RelayDiscovery is just an example for an IE name.
[0189] sl-L3U2N-Multi-hop-RelayDiscovery ENUMERATED {enabled}
[0190] In some implementations, BS 1001 firstly determines whether to support a multi-hop relay and then transmits information indicating whether the cell supports the multi-hop relay in operation 1011. In some embodiments, BS 1001 includes a CU and a DU. The CU of BS 1001 determines whether the cell (e.g. cell #1 or cell #2) supports a multi-hop relay, and transmits information indicating whether the cell supports the multi-hop relay to the DU of BS 1001.
[0191] In operation 1012, relay UE 1002 performs a relay reselection or cell reselection. If BS 1001 supports multi-hop relay, relay UE 1002 can select a relay UE as a parent relay UE, e.g. relay UE 1004 shown in Figure 10 (or other relay UE not shown in Figure 10) .
[0192] In some embodiments, relay UE 1002 can select a parent relay UE in a different cell from its serving cell. For instance, if relay UE 1002 camps on a serving cell (e.g. cell #1) of BS 1001 and if relay UE 1002 enters into an RRC idle or inactive state, relay UE 1002 can select a parent relay UE (e.g. relay UE 1004) in a cell (e.g. cell #2) different from the serving cell (e.g. cell #1) .
[0193] In operation 1013, BS 1001 may transmit system information of a serving cell of relay UE 1004 (e.g. cell #2) to relay UE 1004. After relay UE 1002 selects relay UE 1004 as its parent relay UE, relay UE 1004 may transmit the received system information to relay UE 1002 in operation 1014. Then, relay UE 1002 applies or uses the system information of the serving cell of relay UE 1004 (e.g. cell #2) , and does not monitor system information from its serving cell (e.g. cell #1) .
[0194] In operation 1015, relay UE 1002 may receive the paging related information from remote UE 1003.
[0195] After operation 1015, different operations may be performed according to different embodiments, e.g. Option #Aand Option #B as below.
[0196] Option #A: Once a relay UE selects a parent relay UE from a different cell, the relay UE is not expected to monitor a paging message from its serving cell. The relay UE will transmit the received paging related information to the parent relay UE.
[0197] For instance, once relay UE 1002 selects relay UE 1004 as its parent relay UE, relay UE 1002 does not monitor a paging message from its serving cell (i.e. cell #1) , and transmits the paging related information which is received in operation 1015 to the parent relay UE (i.e., relay UE 1004) in operation 1016A (optional) . Then, in operation 1017A (optional) , relay UE 1004 monitors a paging message from BS 1001 based on the received paging related information associated with remote UE 1003.
[0198] Option #B: after a relay UE selects its parent relay UE from a different cell, the relay UE also can monitor a paging message from its serving cell for its remote UE, for its child relay UE (if any) and / or for itself.
[0199] For instance, once relay UE 1002 selects relay UE 1004 as its parent relay UE, relay UE 1002 still monitors a paging message from its serving cell (i.e. cell #1) for remote UE 1003 (e.g. based on the received paging related information associated with remote UE 1003) , for its child relay UE (not shown in Figure 10) and or for itself (e.g. based on the paging related information associated with itself) .
[0200] Figure 11 illustrates a schematic diagram of a multi-hop relay in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. Details described in all other embodiments of the present disclosure are applicable for the embodiments shown in Figure 11.
[0201] In the exemplary flowchart as shown in Figure 11, in operation 111, BS 1101 (e.g. serving gNB) can indicate whether to support a multi-hop relay. For example, there may be multiple manners or options of operation 111 according to different embodiments, including "Explicit option" and "Implicit option" as below.
[0202] Explicit option:
[0203] (1) BS 1101 may transmit an indication to indicate whether to support L2 multi-hop relay. For example, the indication is as follow, wherein sl-L2U2N-Multi-hop Relay is just an example for an IE name.
[0204] sl-L2U2N-Multi-hop Relay ENUMERATED {enabled}
[0205] (2) BS 1101 may transmit an indication to indicate whether to support L3 multi-hop relay. For example, the indication is as follow, wherein sl-L3U2N-Multi-hop Relay is just an example for an IE name.
[0206] sl-L3U2N-Multi-hop Relay ENUMERATED {enabled}
[0207] Implicit option:
[0208] (1) Some information broadcasted by BS 1101 in a SIB is related to multi-hop relay. For example, a SIB includes a threshold of being a multi-hop relay UE, and such threshold can be used to implicitly indicate whether to support a multi-hop relay.
[0209] (2) BS 1101 may transmit an indication to indicate a maximum number of multi-hop relay UEs. Specifically, if the maximum number is 3, a remote UE can access BS 1101 via three relays, e.g. the remote UE is connected to a first relay UE, the first relay UE is connected to a second relay UE, and the second relay UE is connected to a third relay UE, while the third relay UE connected to BS 1101. More specifically, as shown in Figure 11, remote UE 1103 may communicate with BS 1101 via three relay UE, i.e. relay UE 1102, relay UE 1104 and relay UE 1105.
[0210] (3) BS 1101 may transmit an indication to indicate whether to support discovery for L2 multi-hop purpose. For example, the indication is as follow, wherein sl-L2U2N-Multi-hop-RelayDiscovery is just an example for an IE name.
[0211] sl-L2U2N-Multi-hop-RelayDiscovery ENUMERATED {enabled}
[0212] (4) BS 1101 may transmit an indication to indicate whether to support discovery for L3 multi-hop purpose. For example, the indication is as follow, wherein sl-L3U2N-Multi-hop-RelayDiscovery is just an example for an IE name.
[0213] sl-L3U2N-Multi-hop-RelayDiscovery ENUMERATED {enabled}
[0214] In some implementations, BS 1101 firstly determines whether to support a multi-hop relay, and then transmits information indicating whether the cell supports the multi-hop relay in operation 111. In some embodiments, BS 1101 includes a CU and a DU. The CU of BS 1101 determines whether the cell (e.g. cell #1 or cell #2) supports a multi-hop relay, and transmits information indicating whether the cell supports the multi-hop relay to the DU of BS 1101.
[0215] In operation 112 (optional) , relay UE 1102 performs a relay reselection or cell reselection. If BS 1101 supports multi-hop relay, relay UE 1102 can select a relay UE as a parent relay UE, e.g. relay UE 1104 shown in Figure 11 (or other relay UE shown or not shown in Figure 11) . Different operations may be performed according to different embodiments. For example, in one embodiment, relay UE 1102 cannot select a parent relay UE in a different cell from its serving cell. In another embodiment, relay UE 1102 can select a parent relay UE in a different cell from its serving cell.
[0216] In operation 113 (optional) , remote UE 1103 performs a relay reselection or cell reselection. If BS 1101 supports multi-hop relay, remote UE 1103 can select a relay UE for accessing, e.g. relay UE 1102 shown in Figure 11 (or other relay UE shown or not shown in Figure 11) . In some embodiments, operation 113 may be performed before or after operation 112, if both operations 112 and 113 are performed.
[0217] In operation 114, remote UE 1103 transmits an RRC setup request to the connected relay UE 1102 due to UL traffic arrival or receiving a paging message. Then, relay UE 1102 forwards the RRC setup request to BS 1101 via relay UE 1104 and relay UE 1105 (i.e. the last relay UE) .
[0218] In some embodiments, BS 1101 may configure a local UE ID of relay UE 1102 to relay UE 1102. Also, BS 1101 may indicate the local UE ID of relay UE 1102 to relay UE 1104 and relay UE 1105, if relay UE 1102 accesses BS 1101 via relay UE 1104 and relay UE 1105.
[0219] In operation 115, if relay UE 1102 is in an RRC connected state, relay UE 1102 may transmit the information related to remote UE 1103 to relay UE 1104 (i.e. the parent relay UE of relay UE 1102) . In some embodiments, if relay UE 1102 is in an RRC idle or RRC inactive state, relay UE 1102 should transit to the RRC connected state firstly.
[0220] In operation 116, relay UE 1104 forwards the information related to remote UE 1103 to relay UE 1105. In operation 117, relay UE 1105 forwards the received information to BS 1101.
[0221] In operation 118, BS 1101 will transmit a configuration message, e.g. including a local ID of remote UE 1103, to relay UE 1105. In some embodiments, BS 1101 may transmit an RRC reconfiguration message to relay UE 1105 and / or relay UE 1105, if relay UE 1102 accesses BS 1101 via both relay UE 1104 and relay UE 1105. For example, the configuration message includes at least one of the following:
[0222] (1) a local ID of L2 of remote UE 1103;
[0223] (2) a L2 ID of remote UE 1103;
[0224] (3) PC5 Relay RLC channel configuration for the link between relay UE 1104 and relay UE 1102;
[0225] (4) PC5 Relay RLC channel configuration for the link between the relay UE 1105 and relay UE 1104; and
[0226] (5) bearer mapping configuration for the link between relay UE 1104 and relay UE 1102; and / or
[0227] (6) bearer mapping configuration for the link between relay UE 1105 and relay UE 1104.
[0228] In operation 119, relay UE 1105 transmits the configuration message to relay UE 1104. In operation 120, relay UE 1104 transmits the configuration message to relay UE 1102. Then, in operation 121, relay UE 1102 transmits the configuration message to remote UE 1103.
[0229] Figure 12 illustrates a schematic diagram of a multi-hop relay in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. Details described in all other embodiments of the present disclosure are applicable for the embodiments shown in Figure 12.
[0230] In the exemplary flowchart as shown in Figure 12, in operation 121, BS 1201 (e.g. serving gNB) can indicate whether to support a multi-hop relay. For example, there may be multiple manners or options of operation 121 according to different embodiments, including "Explicit option" and "Implicit option" as below.
[0231] Explicit option:
[0232] (1) BS 1201 may transmit an indication to indicate whether to support L2 multi-hop relay. For example, the indication is as follow, wherein sl-L2U2N-Multi-hop Relay is just an example for an IE name.
[0233] sl-L2U2N-Multi-hop Relay ENUMERATED {enabled}
[0234] (2) BS 1201 may transmit an indication to indicate whether to support L3 multi-hop relay. For example, the indication is as follow, wherein sl-L3U2N-Multi-hop Relay is just an example for an IE name.
[0235] sl-L3U2N-Multi-hop Relay ENUMERATED {enabled}
[0236] Implicit option:
[0237] (1) Some information broadcasted by BS 1201 in a SIB is related to multi-hop relay. For example, a SIB includes a threshold of being a multi-hop relay UE, and such threshold can be used to implicitly indicate whether to support a multi-hop relay.
[0238] (2) BS 1201 may transmit an indication to indicate a maximum number of multi-hop relay UEs. Specifically, if the maximum number is 2, a remote UE can access BS 901 via two relays, e.g. the remote UE is connected to a first relay UE, and the first relay UE is connected to a second relay UE, while the second relay UE connected to BS 1201. More specifically, as shown in Figure 12, remote UE 1203 may communicate with BS 1201 via two relay UE, i.e. UE 1202 and a relay UE not shown in Figure 12.
[0239] (3) BS 1201 may transmit an indication to indicate whether to support discovery for L2 multi-hop purpose. For example, the indication is as follow, wherein sl-L2U2N-Multi-hop-RelayDiscovery is just an example for an IE name.
[0240] sl-L2U2N-Multi-hop-RelayDiscovery ENUMERATED {enabled}
[0241] (4) BS 1201 may transmit an indication to indicate whether to support discovery for L3 multi-hop purpose. For example, the indication is as follow, wherein sl-L3U2N-Multi-hop-RelayDiscovery is just an example for an IE name.
[0242] sl-L3U2N-Multi-hop-RelayDiscovery ENUMERATED {enabled}
[0243] In some implementations, BS 1201 firstly determines whether to support a multi-hop relay and then transmits information indicating whether the cell supports the multi-hop relay in operation 121. In some embodiments, BS 1201 includes a CU and a DU. The CU of BS 1201 determines whether the cell (e.g. cell #1 or cell #2) supports a multi-hop relay, and transmits information indicating whether the cell supports the multi-hop relay to the DU of BS 1201.
[0244] In operation 122 (optional) , according to the configuration from BS 1201, UE 1202 may determine whether a multi-hop relay is not supported by its serving cell (e.g. cell #1) of BS 1201.
[0245] In operation 123 (optional) , if UE 1202 enters into an RRC idle or inactive state, UE 1202 performs a relay reselection or cell reselection. Different operations may be performed according to different embodiments, e.g. Option #X, Option #Y and Option #Z as below.
[0246] Option #X: If BS 1201 does not support a multi-hop relay, a (relay) UE in an RRC idle or inactive state is allowed to select a candidate relay UE as a parent relay UE for accessing BS 1201. For instance, if UE 1202 determines that BS 1201 does not support a multi-hop relay, UE 1202 is allowed to select a candidate relay for a camp purpose, but UE 1202 cannot serve remote UE 1203 any more since BS 1201 does not support a multi-hop relay. That is, in Option #X, UE 1202 cannot act as a relay UE of remote UE 1203, but can act as a remote UE after selecting a candidate relay UE (not shown in Figure 12) for accessing BS 1201. In Option #X, UE 1202 may not transmit a discovery message received from remote UE 1203 to BS 1201 for a relay purpose.
[0247] Option #Y: If BS 1201 does not support a multi-hop relay, a (relay) UE in an RRC idle or inactive state is not allowed to select a candidate relay UE as a parent relay UE for accessing BS 1201. For instance, if UE 1202 determines that BS 1201 does not support a multi-hop relay, UE 1202 is not allowed to select a candidate relay for a camp purpose. That is, in Option #Y, only UE 1202 transits to the RRC connected state, UE 1202 may access BS 1201, may continue to act as a relay UE of remote UE 1203 and may transmit a discovery message received from remote UE 1203 to BS 1201 for a relay purpose.
[0248] Option #Z: If UE 1202 serves at least one remote UE, relay UE 1202 is not allowed to select a candidate relay UE as a parent relay UE for accessing BS 1201 if BS 1201 does not support a multi-hop relay.
[0249] In operation 124 (optional) , according to the configuration from BS 1201, remote UE 1203 may determine whether a multi-hop relay is not supported by its serving cell (e.g. cell #1) of BS 1201.
[0250] In operation 125 (optional) , if remote UE 1203 enters into an RRC idle or inactive state, different operations may be performed according to different embodiments, e.g. Option #M and Option #N as below.
[0251] Option #M: If BS 1201 does not support a multi-hop relay, a remote UE in an RRC idle or inactive state is not allowed to select a candidate relay UE accessing the serving cell of BS 1201 via another relay UE or Uu link. For instance, if remote UE 1203 determines that BS 1201 does not support a multi-hop relay and if remote UE 1203 enters into an RRC idle state or an RRC inactive state, remote UE 1203 is not allowed to select a child relay UE, which accesses BS 1201 via a parent relay UE, for a camp purpose.
[0252] Option #N: If BS 1201 does not support a multi-hop relay, a remote UE in an RRC idle or inactive state is allowed to select a candidate relay UE accessing the serving cell of BS 1201 via another relay UE or Uu link. For instance, if remote UE 1203determines that BS 1201 does not support a multi-hop relay and if remote UE 1203 enters into an RRC idle state or an RRC inactive state, remote UE 1203 may select a candidate relay UE (e.g. UE 1202 or a relay UE not shown in Figure 12) for a camp purpose. In an embodiment, remote UE 1203 selects a child relay UE (e.g. UE 1202) , which accesses BS 1201 via a parent relay UE (e.g. another relay UE not shown in Figure 12) , as a relay UE of remote UE 1203. In some embodiments of Option #N, after selecting the child relay UE accessing the serving cell via its parent relay UE, remote UE 1203 is not allowed to transit to an RRC connected state.
[0253] The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1.A first user equipment (UE) , comprising:at least one memory; andat least one processor coupled to the at least one memory and configured to cause the first UE to:receive system information from a serving cell of a base station (BS) ;determine, based on the system information, whether the serving cell supports a multi-hop relay function; andtransmit a discovery message including information related to the multi-hop relay function.2.The first UE of Claim 1, wherein the system information includes:first information indicating whether the multi-hop relay function is supported by the serving cell;second information indicating whether a Layer-2 (L2) multi-hop relay function is supported by the serving cell;third information indicating whether a Layer-3 (L3) multi-hop relay function is supported by the serving cell;a maximum total number of multi-hop relay UEs supported by the serving cell;fourth information indicating whether a discovery mechanism for the L2 multi-hop relay function is supported by the serving cell;fifth information indicating whether a discovery mechanism for the L3 multi-hop relay function is supported by the serving cell;sixth information implicitly indicating whether the multi-hop relay function is supported by the serving cell; ora combination thereof.3.The first UE of Claim 2, wherein the sixth information includes a condition of being a multi-hop relay UE served by the serving cell or configuration information for the multi-hop relay function.4.The first UE of Claim 3, wherein the condition includes:a maximum Uu reference signal received power (RSRP) threshold;a minimum Uu RSRP threshold; ora combination thereof.5.The first UE of Claim 1, wherein if the serving cell does not support the multi-hop relay function and if the first UE enters into a radio resource control (RRC) idle state or an RRC inactive state, the at least one processor is configured to cause the first UE to:forbid to select a candidate relay UE accessing the serving cell via another relay UE or Uu link;forbid to select a candidate relay UE if the first UE is connected to a remote UE;select a first candidate relay UE accessing the BS; orselect the first candidate relay UE accessing the BS if the first UE is not connected to any remote UE.6.The first UE of Claim 5, wherein after selecting the first candidate relay UE accessing the BS, the at least one processor is configured to cause the first UE to forbid to transit to a radio resource control (RRC) connected state.7.The first UE of Claim 1, wherein if the serving cell supports the multi-hop relay function and if the first UE enters into a radio resource control (RRC) idle state or an RRC inactive state, the at least one processor is configured to cause the first UE to:forbid to select a candidate relay UE served by a cell of the BS different from the serving cell; orselect a second candidate relay UE served by any cell of the BS, as a parent relay UE of the first UE, and communicate with the BS via the second candidate relay UE.8.The first UE of Claim 7, wherein if the second candidate relay UE belongs to a second cell of the BS different from the serving cell, the at least one processor is configured to cause the first UE to apply second system information from the second cell.9.The first UE of Claim 7, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the first UE to:receive the second system information from the second candidate relay UE; andforbid to apply system information from the serving cell.10.The first UE of Claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the first UE to:receive paging related information from a remote UE;select a UE from a cell of the BS different from the serving cell, as a parent relay UE of the first UE; andforbid to monitor a paging message from the serving cell.11.The first UE of Claim 10, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the first UE to:transmit the paging related information to the parent relay UE of the first UE;receive, from the parent relay UE of the first UE, a paging message from the cell serving the parent relay UE of the first UE; andtransmit, to the remote UE, the paging message from the cell serving the parent relay UE of the first UE.12.The first UE of Claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the first UE to:receive paging related information from a remote UE;select a UE from a cell of the BS different from the serving cell, as a parent relay UE of the first UE; andmonitor a paging message from the serving cell.13.The first UE of Claim 12, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the first UE to:receive the paging message from the serving cell; andtransmit the paging message from the serving cell to at least one of the following:the remote UE; orthe parent relay UE of the first UE.14.A remote user equipment (UE) , comprising:at least one memory; andat least one processor coupled to the at least one memory and configured to cause the remote UE to:connect to a base station (BS) via a relay UE served by a serving cell of the BS;receive system information from the serving cell via the relay UE; anddetermine, based on the system information, whether the serving cell supports a multi-hop relay function.15.The remote UE of Claim 14, wherein the system information includes:first information indicating whether the multi-hop relay function is supported by the serving cell;second information indicating whether a Layer-2 (L2) multi-hop relay function is supported by the serving cell;third information indicating whether a Layer-3 (L3) multi-hop relay function is supported by the serving cell;a maximum total number of multi-hop relay UEs supported by the serving cell;fourth information indicating whether a discovery mechanism for the L2 multi-hop relay function is supported by the serving cell;fifth information indicating whether a discovery mechanism for the L3 multi-hop relay function is supported by the serving cell;sixth information implicitly indicating whether the multi-hop relay function is supported by the serving cell; ora combination thereof.16.The remote UE of Claim 15, wherein the sixth information includes a condition of being a multi-hop relay UE served by the serving cell or configuration information for the multi-hop relay function.17.The remote UE of Claim 16, wherein the condition includes:a maximum Uu reference signal received power (RSRP) threshold;a minimum Uu RSRP threshold; ora combination thereof.18.The remote UE of Claim 14, wherein if the serving cell does not support the multi-hop relay function and if the remote UE enters into a radio resource control (RRC) idle state or an RRC inactive state, the at least one processor is configured to cause the remote UE to:forbid to select a candidate relay UE accessing the serving cell via another relay UE or Uu link; orselect a first candidate relay UE accessing the serving cell via another relay UE or Uu link.19.A base station (BS) , comprising:at least one memory; andat least one processor coupled to the at least one memory and configured to cause the BS to:determine whether a first cell of the BS supports a multi-hop relay function; andtransmit system information related to the multi-hop relay function to a user equipment (UE) .20.A processor for wireless communication, comprising:at least one controller coupled with at least one memory and configured to cause the processor to:receive system information from a serving cell of a base station (BS) ;determine, based on the system information, whether the serving cell supports a multi-hop relay function; andtransmit a discovery message including information related to the multi-hop relay function.
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