Communication method and device

Abstract

The present application relates to a communication method, a device, a computer-readable storage medium, a computer program product, and a computer program. The method comprises: receiving echo signals of a plurality of sensing signals, the plurality of sensing signals being generated by a plurality of transmitting devices on the basis of a plurality of phase adjustment parameters and modulation symbols of the plurality of sensing signals, the plurality of phase adjustment parameters being calculated on the basis of a plurality of shared parameters, and different shared parameters among the plurality of shared parameters being shared between a receiving device and different transmitting devices.

Description

Communication method and device Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communications, and more particularly, to a communication method, device, computer-readable storage medium, computer program product, and computer program. Background Art

[0002] In related technologies, 3GPP has initiated research on integrated sensing communication services. These sensing services, provided by integrated sensing scenarios, can track and potentially identify any target (sensing target) in the environment, including people or objects without UEs, by transmitting sensing signals from communication devices (such as UEs and base stations) and measuring their echo signals. However, this may impact personal privacy. Therefore, improving the security of sensing signals to prevent the privacy of sensing targets has become a pressing issue.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] Embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, device, computer-readable storage medium, computer program product, and computer program.

[0005] An embodiment of the present application provides a communication method performed by a receiving device, including:

[0006] Receive echo signals of multiple perception signals, where the multiple perception signals are generated by multiple transmitting devices based on multiple phase adjustment parameters and modulation symbols of the multiple perception signals, the multiple phase adjustment parameters are calculated based on multiple shared parameters, and different shared parameters among the multiple shared parameters are shared by the receiving device and different transmitting devices.

[0007] An embodiment of the present application provides a communication method performed by a first sending device, including:

[0008] Send a first perception signal, where the first perception signal is generated based on a first phase adjustment parameter and a modulation symbol corresponding to the first perception signal, the first phase adjustment parameter is calculated based on a first shared parameter, and the first shared parameter is shared by the first sending device and the receiving device.

[0009] An embodiment of the present application provides a receiving device, including:

[0010] A first communication unit is configured to receive echo signals of multiple perception signals, where the multiple perception signals are generated by multiple transmitting devices based on multiple phase adjustment parameters and modulation symbols of the multiple perception signals, the multiple phase adjustment parameters are calculated based on multiple shared parameters, and different shared parameters among the multiple shared parameters are shared by the receiving device and different transmitting devices.

[0011] An embodiment of the present application provides a first sending device, including:

[0012] A second communication unit is configured to send a first perception signal, where the first perception signal is generated based on a first phase adjustment parameter and a modulation symbol corresponding to the first perception signal, the first phase adjustment parameter is calculated based on a first shared parameter, and the first shared parameter is shared by the first sending device and the receiving device.

[0013] An embodiment of the present application provides a receiving device, comprising a transceiver, a processor, and a memory. The memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to call and run the computer program stored in the memory, so that the receiving device performs the above method.

[0014] An embodiment of the present application provides a first sending device, comprising a transceiver, a processor, and a memory. The memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to call and run the computer program stored in the memory, so that the first sending device performs the above method.

[0015] The embodiment of the present application provides a chip for implementing the above method.

[0016] Specifically, the chip includes: a processor, which is used to call and run a computer program from a memory, so that a device equipped with the chip executes the above method.

[0017] An embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program, which enables a device to perform the above method when the computer program is executed by the device.

[0018] An embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, including computer program instructions, which enable a computer to execute the above method.

[0019] An embodiment of the present application provides a computer program, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute the above method.

[0020] By adopting this solution, the receiving device and multiple transmitting devices each calculate phase adjustment parameters based on shared parameters, and then perform phase adjustment on each sensing signal based on these parameters before transmitting. This allows multiple transmitting devices to simultaneously conceal the phases of their respective sensing signals. Only the receiving device, which shares the same parameters with each transmitting device, can correctly demodulate the fused echo signal of the multiple sensing signals and obtain an accurate sensing result. This protects the privacy of the sensing target from being eavesdropped on at the sensing signal level, enhancing sensing security. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0022] FIG2 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] FIG3 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0024] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a scenario of multi-base station collaborative sensing according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a scenario of multi-UE collaborative sensing according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a scenario for calculating a key stream according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a scenario for calculating a hash sequence according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a scenario in which multiple base stations perform phase adjustment according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a scenario in which a UE performs phase demodulation according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] FIG10 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application applied to a downlink sensing scenario.

[0031] FIG11 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application applied to an uplink perception scenario.

[0032] FIG12 is a schematic block diagram of a receiving device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] FIG13 is a schematic block diagram of a first sending device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] FIG14 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] FIG15 is a schematic block diagram of a chip according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] FIG16 is a schematic block diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as LTE, LTE-A, NR, NR evolution, WLAN, WiFi, or other communication systems.

[0038] The embodiments of the present application describe various embodiments in conjunction with network devices and terminals. The terminals can be mobile or fixed, and can also be referred to as mobile stations, user units, etc. The terminal can be a site in a WLAN, and can be a smart terminal, wireless modem, laptop computer, tablet computer, or other terminal. In the embodiments of the present application, the terminal can be a VR terminal / AR terminal, an industrial control terminal, an unmanned driving terminal, a telemedicine terminal, a smart grid terminal, a transportation safety terminal, a smart city terminal, or a wireless terminal for a smart home, etc. As an example and not a limitation, in the embodiments of the present application, the terminal can also be a wearable device.

[0039] In the embodiment of the present application, the network device may be a device for communicating with a terminal, an access point in a WLAN, an evolved base station in LTE, or a relay station, or a network device (gNB) in an in-vehicle device, a wearable device, and an NR network, or a network device in a future evolved PLMN network or a network device in a non-terrestrial network. As an example and not a limitation, in the embodiment of the present application, the network device may have a mobile feature, for example, the network device may be a mobile device.

[0040] It should be understood that the terms "system" and "network" are often used interchangeably in this article. The term "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the objects associated before and after are in an "or" relationship. It should be understood that the "indication" mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be a direct indication, an indirect indication, or an indication of an association relationship. For example, A indicates B, which can mean that A directly indicates B, for example, B can be obtained through A; it can also mean that A indirectly indicates B, for example, A indicates C, and B can be obtained through C; it can also mean that there is an association relationship between A and B. In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "corresponding" can mean that there is a direct or indirect correspondence between the two, or it can mean that there is an association relationship between the two, or it can mean a relationship between indication and indication, configuration and configuration, etc.

[0041] To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the relevant technologies of the embodiments of the present application are described below. The following relevant technologies can be arbitrarily combined with the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application as optional solutions, and they all fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0042] Figure 1 exemplarily illustrates a communication system 100. The communication system includes a network device 110 and two terminals 120. In one possible implementation, the communication system 100 may include multiple network devices 110, and each network device 110 may include a different number of terminals 120 within its coverage area, although this embodiment of the present application does not limit this. In one possible implementation, the communication system 100 may also include a mobility management entity, access and mobility management functions, and other network entities, although this embodiment of the present application does not limit this. The network devices may include access network devices and core network devices. That is, the communication system may also include multiple core networks for communicating with the access network devices. The access network devices may be base stations of LTE, LTE-A, or NR systems. Taking the communication system shown in Figure 1 as an example, the communication devices may include network devices and terminals with communication functions. The communication devices may also include other devices in the communication system, such as network controllers, mobility management entities, and other network entities, although this embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0043] FIG2 is a schematic flow chart of a communication method executed by a receiving device according to an embodiment of the present application. The method includes at least part of the following contents.

[0044] S210. Receive echo signals of multiple perception signals, where the multiple perception signals are generated by multiple transmitting devices based on multiple phase adjustment parameters and modulation symbols of the multiple perception signals, the multiple phase adjustment parameters are calculated based on multiple shared parameters, and different shared parameters among the multiple shared parameters are shared by the receiving device and different transmitting devices.

[0045] Figure 3 is a schematic flow chart of a communication method performed by a first sending device according to another embodiment of the present application. The method includes at least part of the following contents.

[0046] S310: Send a first perception signal, where the first perception signal is generated based on a first phase adjustment parameter and a perception symbol corresponding to the first perception signal, the first phase adjustment parameter is calculated based on a first shared parameter, and the first shared parameter is shared by the first sending device and the receiving device.

[0047] The scenarios involved in the embodiments of the present application include multiple sending devices and one receiving device. The multiple sending devices refer to multiple devices that send perception signals. The receiving device refers to a device that receives echo signals of the multiple perception signals.

[0048] The first transmitting device is any one of a plurality of transmitting devices. The first perception signal is one of a plurality of perception signals, different perception signals among the plurality of perception signals are transmitted by different transmitting devices, and the plurality of perception signals are transmitted in the same time domain range.

[0049] That is, the first perception signal sent by the first sending device is any one of the multiple perception signals. The multiple perception signals have the same transmission time domain range, which may mean that the multiple perception signals have the same start transmission time, the same end transmission time, the same duration, and the like.

[0050] Signal synchronization between multiple transmitting devices is required, for example, spatial synchronization and temporal synchronization. Temporal synchronization can include at least one of clock synchronization and identical sampling periods. The synchronization method for multiple transmitting devices can be default, protocol-specified, or algorithm-based. These algorithms can include at least one of the following: multi-radar collaborative perception synchronization algorithms, NR-based synchronization algorithms, and synchronization algorithms designed specifically for perception scenarios. These are not intended to be limiting or exhaustive.

[0051] The echo signals of the multiple sensing signals may refer to the fused echo signals of each sensing signal in the multiple sensing signals after being reflected by the sensing target. Specifically, after the multiple sensing signals (sensing signal) are reflected by the sensing target (or simply referred to as the target), there may be multiple echo signals, wherein different echo signals in the multiple echo signals correspond to different sensing signals; the multiple echo signals are received and measured on the receiving device side. Since the transmission time domain range of the multiple sensing signals is the same, the multiple echo signals on the receiving device side may be received in a substantially identical, or completely identical, or substantially similar time domain range, so the multiple echo signals received on the receiving device side may be referred to as fused echo signals, or echo signals fused in the time domain, or fused echo signals of multiple sensing signals. In some possible examples, the echo signal may also be referred to as a reflection signal, and the various possible names of the echo signal are not limited or exhaustive here.

[0052] In a downlink perception scenario, the multiple sending devices may be multiple access network devices, and the receiving device may be a terminal. In this scenario, the perception signal may be called a downlink perception signal.

[0053] The access network equipment may include at least one of the following: a base station, a gNB, an eNB, a network device in a future evolved PLMN network, a network device in an NTN network, a satellite, and the like.

[0054] The downlink sensing signal may also be referred to as a downlink sensing reference signal. For example, the downlink sensing reference signal may be at least one of a PRS (Positioning Reference Signal), a DM-RS (Demodulation Reference Signal), a CSI-RS (Channel State Information Reference Signal), and the like. The specific types of all possible downlink sensing reference signals are not limited or exhaustive.

[0055] In conjunction with Figure 4, an exemplary description of the multi-base station collaborative sensing scenario is given: multiple base stations (base station 1 and base station 2 shown in Figure 4) and UE (i.e., terminal) can transmit communication signals to each other; in the downlink sensing scenario of multi-base station collaborative sensing, base station 1 and base station 2 can send sensing signals at the same time, and the UE simultaneously receives and measures the echo signals of multiple sensing signals after being reflected by the target (i.e., the echo signals of multiple sensing signals).

[0056] In an uplink sensing scenario, the multiple transmitting devices may be multiple terminals, and the receiving device may be an access network device. In this scenario, the sensing signal may be referred to as an uplink sensing signal. The uplink sensing signal may also be referred to as an uplink sensing reference signal. For example, an uplink sensing reference signal may be a sounding reference signal (SRS), etc. This does not limit or exhaustively enumerate all possible specific types of uplink sensing reference signals.

[0057] In conjunction with Figure 5, an exemplary description of the multi-UE collaborative sensing scenario is given: multiple UEs (UE1 and UE2 shown in Figure 5) and the base station can transmit communication signals to each other; in the uplink sensing scenario of multi-UE collaborative sensing, UE1 and UE2 can send sensing signals at the same time, and the base station simultaneously receives and measures the echo signals after the multiple sensing signals are reflected by the target.

[0058] In some possible implementations, on the receiving device side, the multiple shared parameters include multiple shared keys, where different shared keys are shared by the receiving device and different transmitting devices. That is, the receiving device stores the shared keys with each transmitting device. These multiple shared keys are used by the receiving device to calculate multiple phase adjustment parameters. The shared keys can also be interchangeably referred to as perception keys, keys for calculating adjustment parameters, keys for calculating parameters related to the perception signal, keys for calculating adjustment parameters related to the perception signal, and so on. Possible names for shared keys are not limited or exhaustive here.

[0059] Each of the multiple transmitting devices also stores a shared key between it and the receiving device. Taking the first transmitting device as an example, the shared parameters between the first transmitting device and the receiving device are called first shared parameters, which include a first shared key. This first shared key is used by the first transmitting device to calculate the first phase adjustment parameter. The first shared key is the key shared by the receiving device and the first transmitting device among the multiple shared keys.

[0060] Here, each of the multiple sending devices has a corresponding shared key with the receiving device. The serial number of the shared key is only used to distinguish and describe different sending devices. For example, the shared key between the second sending device among the multiple sending devices and the receiving device can be called the second shared key, which will not be described one by one here.

[0061] Exemplarily, any one of the multiple shared keys can be expressed as Ksf-i, where i is a positive integer and can be used to represent the i-th sending device; for example, the first shared key between the receiving device and the first sending device can be expressed as Ksf-1, and for another example, the second shared key between the second sending device and the receiving device can be expressed as Ksf-2.

[0062] The length of any shared key may be 128 bits, or longer or shorter, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0063] In some possible embodiments, on the receiving device side, the multiple shared keys are one of the following: multiple security keys, wherein different security keys are one of the following between the receiving device and different sending devices: access layer key, access layer security base key, physical layer key; calculated based on the multiple security keys.

[0064] On the side of multiple sending devices, still taking the first sending device as an example, the first shared key is one of the following: a first security key, wherein the first security key is one of the following: a first access layer key, a first access layer security base key, a first physical layer key; calculated based on the first security key.

[0065] Here, the access stratum key (AS) may include at least one of the following: UP (User Plane) integrity protection (or verification) key K Upint , UP confidentiality key K UPenc , control plane integrity protection (or verification) key K RRCint , control plane confidentiality key K RRCenc This embodiment does not limit the derivation method of each access layer key.

[0066] The access layer security basic key can be K gNB. Exemplarily, where K gNB It can be the initial K specified in the relevant protocol. gNB , or K NG-RAN Here, K NG-RAN It can also be expressed alternatively as K NG-RAN *, or, alternatively, the non-initial key K gNB This embodiment does not limit the derivation method of the access layer security basic key.

[0067] The physical layer key can be a pair of keys between the sending device and the receiving device. The physical layer key can be generated based on the characteristics of the physical layer channel between the sending device and the receiving device. This embodiment does not limit the specific generation method of the physical layer key; illustratively, the physical layer key can be expressed as Kphy.

[0068] It should be understood that the above is only an exemplary description of any security key. Any security key can also be a next hop (NH) key or other type of key K shared between a receiving device and any sending device. All key types that may serve as any security key are not limited or enumerated here.

[0069] It should also be understood that the security key is only a reference description and is not a limitation on the names of the various keys or key types mentioned above. In fact, the security key can also be replaced by other names, but this embodiment does not limit or exhaustively list them. As long as the actual key type of any security key can be the UP integrity protection (or verification) key K Upint , UP confidentiality key K UPenc , control plane integrity protection (or verification) key K RRCint , control plane confidentiality key K RRCenc , initial K gNB , K NG-RAN Any one of the NH and physical layer keys is within the protection scope of this embodiment.

[0070] At any sending device and receiving device, both parties jointly use the UP integrity protection (or verification) key K Upint , UP confidentiality key K UPenc , control plane integrity protection (or verification) key K RRCint , control plane confidentiality key K RRCenc , initial K gNB , K NG-RAN Which key (or key under which key type) among NH and physical layer keys is used as the security key can be predetermined by the sending device and the receiving device.

[0071] The way in which the security key is determined by both the sending device and the receiving device may be any one of the following: default, protocol-specified, determined by the sending device, instructed by the receiving device, and the like.

[0072] Optionally, the security key used by any sending device and receiving device can be a default or protocol-specified key. The key type of the security key between the receiving device and different sending devices may be the same or different. For example, the first sending device and the receiving device may both default to the first K NG-RAN as the first security key; the second sending device and the receiving device may use the second physical layer key as the second security key according to the protocol.

[0073] Optionally, any sending device may determine a security key between it and the receiving device; and any sending device may indicate to the receiving device the security key used by both parties.

[0074] Taking the first sending device as an example, the processing of the first sending device before sending the first perception signal may further include: the first sending device sending the identifier of the first security key to the receiving device. The identifier of the first security key may be the identifier of any key shared between the first sending device and the receiving device, such as the first K NG-RAN The symbols are not limited or exhaustive here.

[0075] Accordingly, the processing by the receiving device before receiving the echo signals of the multiple perception signals may further include: the receiving device receiving identifiers of multiple security keys from multiple sending devices; and determining multiple security keys based on the identifiers of the multiple security keys.

[0076] Optionally, the receiving device may determine a security key between the receiving device and any sending device; and the receiving device may indicate the security key used by both parties to any sending device.

[0077] Taking the first transmitting device as an example, the processing performed by the receiving device after determining multiple security keys and before receiving echo signals of multiple perception signals may further include: the receiving device sending identifiers of the multiple security keys to the multiple transmitting devices. Accordingly, the processing performed by the first transmitting device before sending the first perception signal may further include: the first transmitting device receiving the identifier of the first security key from the receiving device, and determining the first security key based on the identifier of the first security key.

[0078] It should be understood that the above description is merely illustrative. In actual processing, the methods for mutually determining security keys between a receiving device and different sending devices can be the same or different. For example, the receiving device can determine a first security key between itself and a first sending device, and the receiving device can instruct the first sending device to use the first security key currently. The receiving device and the second sending device can use a default second security key, and so on. As long as the receiving device and each sending device determine the security key to be used by both parties, the security key is protected within the scope of this embodiment.

[0079] In one embodiment, the multiple shared keys may be multiple security keys, that is, the multiple sending devices and receiving devices may directly use the security keys as shared keys.

[0080] In one embodiment, on the receiving device side, the multiple shared keys are calculated based on the multiple security keys. On the multiple sending device sides, still taking the first sending device as an example, the first shared key is calculated based on the first security key.

[0081] The key algorithm used by any sending device and receiving device to calculate the shared key is the same. The key algorithm can be a default one or specified by the protocol. For example, the key algorithm can include at least one of the following: a key derivation function (KDF), a first authentication function, a second authentication function, a third key generation function (for example, it can be expressed as f3), a fourth key generation function (for example, it can be expressed as f4), a fifth key generation function (for example, it can be expressed as f5), a hash algorithm, an Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), SNOW 3G (Snow Third Generation, third generation mobile communication snow), ZUC (ZUChongzhi), XOR calculation, and direct connection calculation. Among them, the hash algorithm can include HMAC-SHA-256 (Hash based Message Authentication Code-Secure Hash Algorithm-256, a secure hash algorithm 256 based on a hash message authentication code, which can be expressed as SHA-256), or other hash algorithms or hash functions can be used, which are not exhaustive in this embodiment.

[0082] Optionally, the receiving device and the first sending device may both use the following formula to calculate the first shared key: Ksf-1=KDF(K1), where K1 represents the first security key and Ksf-1 represents the first shared key. The receiving device and the second sending device may both use the following formula to calculate the second shared key: Ksf-2=KDF(K2), where K2 represents the second security key and Ksf-2 represents the second shared key.

[0083] Optionally, the processing of calculating the first shared key by the receiving device and the first sending device can both be: calculating the first shared key based on the first security key and at least one of the following parameters: an indicator of the perceived service, an identifier of the perceived service, an identifier of the first sending device, an identifier of the receiving device, and a random number.

[0084] The indicator of the sensing service may also be called a sensing service type indicator, which may be a default indicator between the first sending device and the receiving device, or a standard indicator specified by a protocol, for example, may be expressed as "Sensing".

[0085] The identification of the perception service may also be replaced by the perception service type, and the identification of the perception service may be expressed as a perception service ID.

[0086] The random number can be expressed as Nonce.

[0087] The identification and / or random number of the perception service can be configured. For example, before the first sending device sends the perception signal and before the receiving device receives the echo signal, the SF (or the core network device) configures the identification and / or random number Nonce of the perception service to the first sending device and the receiving device respectively. It should be understood that the random numbers corresponding to different sending devices can be the same or different. As long as any sending device and receiving device use the same random number when calculating the shared key corresponding to both parties, it is within the protection scope of this embodiment.

[0088] For example, taking the first sending device as gNB1 and the receiving device as UE as an example, the receiving device and the first sending device can calculate the first shared key using the following formula: Ksf-1=KDF(K1, "Sensing", sensing service ID, UE ID, gNB1 ID, Nonce), where Ksf-1 represents the first shared key, K1 represents the first security key, "Sensing" represents the indicator of the sensing service, sensing service ID is the ID of the sensing service, UE ID and gNB1 ID are the identifiers of the UE and gNB1, respectively; except for K1, the remaining parameters in the formula are optional parameters.

[0089] It should be understood that the above is only an exemplary explanation of the example of the first sending device and the receiving device calculating the common first shared key. In actual processing, the way each sending device and the receiving device calculate the common shared key is similar to the above-mentioned way of calculating the first shared key, and will not be described one by one.

[0090] In some embodiments, the shared key is calculated by the terminal and the core network device respectively, or the shared key is calculated by the terminal and the SF respectively. On the access network device side, the shared key is configured, for example, the core network device or the SF can configure or send the shared key to the access network device.

[0091] In one embodiment, in a downlink sensing scenario, on a receiving device (i.e., a terminal), the multiple shared keys are calculated based on a first key between the receiving device and a core network device. That is, before receiving the echo signals of the multiple sensing signals, the receiving device may further calculate the multiple shared keys based on the first key.

[0092] On the side of multiple sending devices (i.e., multiple access network devices), the multiple shared keys are configured. Specifically, the core network device or SF also calculates multiple shared keys based on the first key; the core network device or SF sends a corresponding shared key to each of the multiple sending devices (multiple access network devices).

[0093] Taking the first sending device as an example, the first shared key is configured. That is, before the first sending device sends the first perception signal, it receives the first shared key. The first shared key can be calculated by the core network device or the SF based on the first key, and the core network device or the SF sends the first shared key to the first sending device.

[0094] The core network device may include at least one of the following: AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function), AUSF (Authentication Server Function), SEAF (Security Anchor Function), etc. Among them, AMF and SEAF may also be set up together.

[0095] The key type that the first key may contain can be one of the following: K shared between the terminal and AMF AMF , K shared between the terminal and AUSF (AMF) SEAF It should be understood that this is merely an example and does not limit or exhaustively list all possible key types of the first key.

[0096] Optionally, the receiving device calculates the multiple shared keys based on the first key, which may refer to calculating the same shared key based on the first key. Correspondingly, the core network device or SF side may also calculate the same shared key based on the first key.

[0097] That is, the shared key used between the receiving device and different sending devices can be the same.

[0098] For example, the receiving device is a terminal, and the terminal and the core network device (or SF) can both use the following formula to calculate the shared key: Ksf = KDF (K AMF ), where K AMF represents the first key, and Ksf represents the shared key.

[0099] For example, a core network device calculates a shared key. The processing of the core network device may include: the core network device may receive a message sent by the SF for triggering a perception service, where the message for triggering the perception service may carry at least one of the following: an identifier of the perception service, an identifier of a node participating in the perception (for example, an identifier of a terminal, at least one of identifiers of multiple access network devices), etc.; the core network device determines the terminal based on the message for triggering the perception service, and calculates a shared key based on a first key shared between the core network device and the terminal; the core network device sends the shared key to multiple access network devices. The shared keys received by different access network devices among the multiple access network devices may be the same.

[0100] For example, the SF calculates the shared key, and the processing of the SF may include: the SF calculates the shared key based on the first key, and the SF sends the shared key to multiple access network devices.

[0101] The SF may determine the first key in a manner that is based on a protocol specification or a default rule. In this case, the terminal also determines the first key based on a protocol specification or a default rule.

[0102] Alternatively, the SF may select a key shared by the terminal and any core network device as the first key. In this case, the SF may also send an identifier of the first key to the terminal, and accordingly, the terminal may determine the first key based on the identifier of the first key.

[0103] Optionally, on the receiving device (terminal), the multiple shared keys are calculated based on the first key and multiple first parameters, where different first parameters among the multiple first parameters include identifiers of different sending devices. Accordingly, the core network device or SF also calculates multiple shared keys based on the first key and multiple first parameters; the core network device or SF sends a corresponding shared key to each of the multiple sending devices (multiple access network devices).

[0104] That is, the shared key used between the receiving device and different sending devices is different.

[0105] Different first parameters may correspond to different sending devices.

[0106] Taking the first parameter corresponding to the first sending device as an example, the first parameter corresponding to the first sending device may include an identifier of the first sending device. Further, the first parameter corresponding to the first sending device may also include at least one of the following: an indicator of a perceived service, an identifier of a perceived service, an identifier of a receiving device, and a random number.

[0107] The descriptions of the indicator and identifier of the sensing service are the same as those in the above embodiment and are not repeated here.

[0108] The identification and / or random number of the sensing service may be sent by a core network device to a receiving device (i.e., a terminal), or may be sent by an SF to a receiving device (i.e., a terminal), or may be sent by a first sending device (i.e., a first access network device) to a receiving device (i.e., a terminal). It should be understood that the random numbers corresponding to different sending devices may be the same or different.

[0109] Still using the first key as K AMF For example, the terminal and the core network device (or SF) can use the following formula to calculate the first shared key corresponding to the first sending device (such as gNB1): Ksf-1=KDF(K AMF , “Sensing”, sensing service ID, UE ID, gNB1 ID, Nonce), where UE ID is the identifier of the terminal, i.e., the identifier of the receiving device, and gNB1 ID is the identifier of the first transmitting device. The meanings of the remaining parameters in the formula are similar to those in the previous embodiment and are not repeated here.

[0110] The above is only an exemplary description of how the receiving device (terminal) and the core network device or SF calculate the first shared key corresponding to the first sending device. In actual processing, the way in which the receiving device (terminal) and the core network device or SF calculate the shared key corresponding to each sending device is the same as the aforementioned first shared key, so they are not described one by one.

[0111] In this example, the core network device or SF calculates each shared key and configures the shared key for each sending device. The relevant description is similar to the above embodiment, so it is not repeated.

[0112] In one embodiment, in an uplink perception scenario, on the side of multiple sending devices (multiple terminals), the shared key of each sending device can be calculated based on the second key between the sending device and the core network device.

[0113] Taking the first sending device (such as UE1) as an example, the first shared key is calculated based on the second key between the first sending device and the core network device.

[0114] On the receiving device (i.e., access network device), the multiple shared keys are configured. Specifically, the core network device or SF calculates the shared key corresponding to each sending device based on the second key between each sending device and the core network device; the core network device or SF sends the shared key corresponding to each sending device to the receiving device (access network device).

[0115] In this embodiment, the relevant description of the core network device is the same as that in the previous embodiment and will not be repeated.

[0116] The second key between each sending device and the core network device refers to the key between each terminal and the core network device. Taking the first sending device as the first terminal as an example, the second key between the first terminal and the core network device may include one of the following key types: K shared between the first terminal and the AMF AMF-1 , K shared between the first terminal and AUSF (AMF) SEAF-1 .

[0117] Still taking the first sending device as an example, the process of calculating the first shared key by the first sending device and the core network device (or SF) is exemplarily described:

[0118] In one example, the first sending device and the core network device (or SF) may calculate the first shared key using the following formula: Ksf-1=KDF(K AMF-1 ), where K AMF-1 represents the second key, and Ksf-1 represents the first shared key.

[0119] In this example, after calculating the first shared key, the core network device (or SF) will also send the first shared key corresponding to the first sending device to the receiving device.

[0120] In one example, the first sending device and the core network device (or SF) calculate a first shared key based on the second key and at least one of the following parameters: an indicator of the perceived service, an identifier of the perceived service, an identifier of the receiving device, an identifier of the first sending device, and a random number.

[0121] The identification and / or random number of the sensing service may be sent by the core network device to the first sending device, or may be sent by the SF to the first sending device, or may be sent by the receiving device (access network device) to the first sending device. It should be understood that the random numbers corresponding to different sending devices may be the same or different.

[0122] The second key is K SEAF-1 For example, the first sending device and the core network device (or SF) can calculate the first shared key corresponding to the first sending device (such as UE1) using the following formula: Ksf-1=KDF(K SEAF-1, "Sensing", sensing service ID, UE1 ID, gNB ID, Nonce), where UE1 ID is the identifier of the first transmitting device (e.g., the first terminal), and gNB ID is the identifier of the access network device (i.e., the receiving device). The meanings of the remaining parameters in the formula are similar to those in the previous embodiment and are not repeated here.

[0123] The processing of calculating multiple shared keys by the core network device (or SF) and multiple sending devices is similar to the aforementioned first shared key, so they will not be described in detail.

[0124] In the uplink scenario, the specific manner in which the core network device (or SF) configures multiple shared keys to the receiving device (i.e., the access network device) is not limited in this embodiment. As long as the receiving device obtains the shared key corresponding to each sending device before receiving the echo signals of multiple perception signals, it is within the protection scope of this embodiment.

[0125] In some embodiments, the multiple shared keys are configured on the receiving device side. Similarly, the shared keys corresponding to each of the multiple sending devices are also configured. Taking the first sending device as an example, the first shared key is configured on the first sending device side.

[0126] Preferably, before each sending device sends a perception signal and before the receiving device receives the echo signals of the multiple perception signals, the SF generates multiple shared keys, configures corresponding shared keys for different sending devices among the multiple sending devices, and configures the multiple shared keys and the sending device corresponding to each shared key to the receiving device. This embodiment does not limit the way in which the SF generates the shared keys. As long as the shared keys used by any sending device and receiving device are the same in the end, they are within the protection scope of this embodiment. In a possible example, the above-mentioned SF can also be replaced by a core network device (other core network devices except SF).

[0127] In some embodiments, on the receiving device side, the multiple phase adjustment parameters are calculated based on multiple sequences, and the multiple sequences are one of the following: multiple key streams calculated based on the multiple shared keys; multiple hash sequences calculated based on the multiple shared keys; multiple random sequences calculated based on the multiple shared keys.

[0128] On the side of multiple sending devices, the phase adjustment parameters corresponding to each sending device are calculated based on the sequence corresponding to the sending device, and the sequence corresponding to the sending device is a key stream calculated based on the shared key corresponding to the sending device; a hash sequence calculated based on the shared key corresponding to the sending device; and a random sequence calculated based on the shared key corresponding to the sending device.

[0129] Taking the first transmitting device as an example, the phase adjustment parameter corresponding to the first transmitting device is called the first phase adjustment parameter. The first phase adjustment parameter is calculated based on a first sequence, and the first sequence is one of the following: a first key stream calculated based on the first shared key; a first hash sequence calculated based on the first shared key; a first random sequence calculated based on the first shared key.

[0130] Each of the multiple phase adjustment parameters needs to be calculated by each transmitting device and receiving device. Taking the first transmitting device as an example, the first transmitting device may calculate its corresponding first phase adjustment parameter before transmitting the first perception signal. The receiving device may calculate the multiple phase adjustment parameters before demodulating the echo signals of the multiple perception signals.

[0131] In one embodiment, on the receiving device, each of the multiple sequences is a key stream calculated based on a shared key. On each sending device, each key stream is calculated based on its corresponding shared key. For the first sending device, for example, the first sequence is a first key stream calculated based on the first shared key.

[0132] On the receiving device side and the first sending device side, the first sequence may be a first key stream calculated based on the first shared key and at least one of the following: a count value, bearer-related information, a transmission direction parameter, and a length.

[0133] Among them, the count value (COUNT) can be the number of encryption / decryption times, for example, the count value increases by one each time the first sending device performs encryption / decryption. The above count value needs to be transmitted, for example, the first sending device can configure its corresponding count value to the receiving device, or the receiving device can configure the count value corresponding to the first sending device to the first sending device. This embodiment does not limit or exhaustively list the configuration method of the count value. As long as the same count value is obtained by each sending device and the receiving device before each sending device sends the perception signal and before the receiving device receives the echo signal of multiple perception signals, it is within the protection scope of this embodiment. The count values ​​corresponding to different sending devices may be the same or different, and this embodiment does not limit them.

[0134] The bearer related information may refer to a bearer ID (identifier), which may also be expressed as BEARER. Different sending devices may correspond to different bearer identifiers.

[0135] The transmission direction parameter may be a direction identifier (or may be expressed as direction flag or DIRECTION), which is used to identify uplink or downlink.

[0136] The length refers to the length of the keystream.

[0137] The transmission direction parameter and length can be set by default or by agreement between the sending device and the receiving device, and do not need to be transmitted. The transmission direction parameters and key stream length corresponding to different sending devices can be the same.

[0138] The algorithm used to calculate the first key stream can be a default or protocol-specified algorithm. For example, it can be represented as an encryption algorithm (or encryption / decryption algorithm) NEA. The NEA can be at least one of the AES algorithm, the SNOW 3G algorithm, the ZUC algorithm, and the like. As long as the first sending device and the receiving device use the same algorithm, they are protected by this embodiment. The length of the key stream can also be configured based on actual conditions.

[0139] As illustrated in Figure 6 , the input parameters of the encryption algorithm NEA include: a key KEY, a count value (COUNT), a bearer ID, a direction (i.e., a direction flag or DIRECTION), and a length (LENGTH); the output is a key stream (KEYSTREAM BLOCK). In other words, the receiving device and the first transmitting device can use the same parameters to obtain the same first key stream. Among them, KEY can be a 128-bit perception key Ksf; the length of the count value (COUNT) can be 32 bits; the length of the bearer ID can be 5 bits; and the length of the direction DIRECTION (transmission direction parameter) can be 1 bit. For example, DIRECTION should be 0 for the uplink and 1 for the downlink.

[0140] Since the method of calculating multiple key streams on the receiving device side is the same as the method of calculating the first key stream, and the method of calculating each key stream on each sending device side is also the same as the method of calculating the first key stream by the first sending device, they will not be described one by one.

[0141] In one embodiment, on the receiving device side, each of the multiple sequences is a hash sequence calculated based on each shared key. On the sending device side, each hash sequence is calculated based on its corresponding shared key. Taking the first sending device as an example, the first sequence is a first hash sequence calculated based on the first shared key.

[0142] Optionally, on the receiving device side and the first sending device side, the first sequence may be a first hash sequence calculated based on a hash algorithm for the first shared key.

[0143] For example, the method for calculating the first hash sequence can be expressed as: Hash sequence 1 = Hash(Key1), where Hash() represents a hash function and Key1 is the first shared key. The hash function used by the hash algorithm can be configured according to actual conditions. For example, the hash function can be SHA-1, SHA-256, etc. Hash functions are not limited or exhaustive here. As long as the hash function used by the sending device and the receiving device is the same, it is within the scope of protection of this embodiment.

[0144] Optionally, on the receiving device side and the first sending device side, the first sequence can be a first hash sequence of a specified length truncated from a first initial hash sequence, where the first initial hash sequence is calculated based on the first shared key using a hash algorithm. The description of the hash algorithm is the same as in the previous example and is not repeated here.

[0145] The designated length can be 128 bits, 256 bits, or the like. This is not intended to be an exhaustive list of designated lengths. As long as the designated length used by both the first sending device and the receiving device is the same, such as by mutual consent or agreement, it falls within the scope of protection of this embodiment. Furthermore, different sending devices can use the same designated length.

[0146] The starting position for truncating a hash sequence of a specified length can also be determined by mutual agreement or by mutual consent, such as if both the receiving device and the first sending device use the first bit as the starting position. The starting position is not limited or exhaustive here. Furthermore, different sending devices can use the same starting position for truncating a hash sequence of a specified length.

[0147] 7 , the processing of the receiving device and the first sending device may include: taking the Key (key), i.e., the first shared key, as input, calculating the first initial hash sequence through hashing (i.e., hash function); and then intercepting a specified length from the first initial hash sequence to obtain a bit stream (i.e., the first hash sequence).

[0148] Since the method of calculating multiple hash sequences on the receiving device side is the same as the method of calculating the first hash sequence, and the method of calculating each hash sequence on each sending device side is also the same as the method of calculating the first hash sequence by the first sending device, they will not be described one by one.

[0149] In one embodiment, on the receiving device, each of the multiple sequences is a random sequence calculated based on a shared key. On each sending device, a random sequence is calculated based on its corresponding shared key. For the first sending device, for example, the first sequence is a first random sequence calculated based on the first shared key.

[0150] On the receiving device side and the first sending device side, the first sequence may be a first random sequence calculated based on a pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) for the first shared key.

[0151] Here, the first random sequence may also be a first pseudo-random sequence, such as an m-sequence, etc.

[0152] Exemplarily, on the receiving device side and the first sending device side, the method of calculating the first random sequence can be expressed as: first random sequence = PRNG(K1), where PRNG() represents a calculation function of a pseudo-random number generator, and K1 is the first shared key.

[0153] Since the method for calculating multiple random sequences on the receiving device side is the same as the method for calculating the first random sequence, and the method for calculating each random sequence on each sending device side is also the same as the method for calculating the first random sequence by the first sending device, they are not described one by one.

[0154] In some embodiments, on the receiving device side, the multiple phase adjustment parameters are calculated based on multiple sequences. On the multiple transmitting devices side, the phase adjustment parameter of each transmitting device is calculated based on a sequence generated by itself. For the first transmitting device, for example, the first phase adjustment parameter is calculated based on the first sequence.

[0155] Different phase adjustment parameters among the multiple phase adjustment parameters correspond to different perception signals.

[0156] In one embodiment, taking the first phase adjustment parameter corresponding to the first perception signal (i.e., generated by the first transmitting device) as an example, the first phase modulation parameter may include multiple first phase adjustment values, and any one of the multiple first phase adjustment values ​​is calculated based on the first calculation method and the first sequence. The first perception signal may include multiple modulation symbols, each modulation symbol may correspond to a phase adjustment value, that is, the number of phase adjustment values ​​may be equal to the number of modulation symbols.

[0157] Here, the phase adjustment parameter may also be alternatively referred to as any one of random phase, rotation phase, random rotation phase, random phase offset, phase offset, etc.

[0158] The multiple modulation symbols of the first perception signal (ie, the multiple modulation symbols included in or corresponding to the first perception signal) are calculated based on the specified modulation mode for the first perception sequence.

[0159] The first sensing sequence can be the same for both the receiving device and the first transmitting device. This embodiment does not limit how both the receiving device and the first transmitting device obtain the same first sensing sequence. It should be noted that the sensing sequences corresponding to different transmitting devices can be the same or different, and this embodiment does not limit this. The sensing sequence can also be referred to as a reference signal sequence, a sensing signal sequence, a reference sequence, a gold sequence, and so on. This does not limit or exhaustively list all possible names.

[0160] The designated modulation mode can be configured according to actual conditions, for example, it can be Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK). As long as the receiving device and the first sending device use the same designated modulation mode, it is within the protection scope of this embodiment.

[0161] The modulation symbol may also be alternatively called a perceptual modulation symbol, or a perceptual symbol, or a QPSK modulation symbol, or a QPSK symbol, etc. This embodiment does not limit or enumerate all possible names.

[0162] Optionally, taking as an example any one of the multiple first phase adjustment values ​​included in the first phase modulation parameter as the i-th first phase adjustment value, the i-th first phase adjustment value may correspond to the i-th modulation symbol of the first perception signal; the i-th first phase adjustment value may be calculated using the following method: extracting multiple bits from the first partial byte stream of the first sequence for the i-th time, and calculating the i-th first phase adjustment value for the multiple bits extracted for the i-th time based on the first calculation method. Where i is an integer greater than or equal to 0.

[0163] Extracting multiple bits from the first part of the byte stream of the first sequence for the i-th time may refer to: taking a designated valid bit of the first byte stream in the first part of the byte stream of the first sequence as a starting bit, determining a starting valid bit of the bits to be extracted for the i-th time, and extracting multiple bits starting from the starting valid bit.

[0164] The first part of the byte stream of the first sequence may be a byte stream composed of all or part of the bits of the first sequence.

[0165] The first portion of the byte stream of the first sequence may be M byte streams of the first sequence, where M may be a positive integer. The value of M may be a default value between the receiving device and the first sending device, a value specified by a protocol, or a value configured. Each of the M byte streams of the first sequence may include 8 consecutive bits of the first sequence, and different byte streams may include different bits of the first sequence.

[0166] The M byte streams of the first sequence may be the first M byte streams of the first sequence. Exemplarily, the first M byte streams may be the first M byte streams starting from the first bit (or the least significant bit) of the first sequence; the first M byte streams may be continuous byte streams or discontinuous byte streams. For example, the first M byte streams may include 8M consecutive bits starting from the first bit (or the least significant bit) in the first sequence. For example, M may be equal to 7, and the first part of the byte stream of the first sequence may be the first 7 consecutive byte streams of the first sequence.

[0167] It should be understood that no matter how many byte streams the first part of the byte stream contains, where in the first sequence the extraction starts, or whether the byte streams in the first part of the byte stream are continuous, as long as the first sending device and the receiving device use the same method to determine the first part of the byte stream from the first sequence, it is within the scope of protection of this embodiment and is not limited or exhaustive here.

[0168] The designated significant bit of the first byte stream in the first portion of the byte stream may be a default bit, a protocol requirement, or a configuration set by both the first sending device and the receiving device. For example, the designated significant bit of the first byte stream in the first portion of the byte stream may be the most significant bit, the least significant bit, or other designated significant bits in the first byte stream in the first portion of the byte stream.

[0169] The number of the plurality of bits extracted for the i-th time from the first portion of the byte stream of the first sequence may be determined by default, by protocol, or by configuration between the first sending device and the receiving device. For example, the number of the plurality of bits extracted for the i-th time from the first portion of the byte stream of the first sequence may be 2, 3, or more, or less.

[0170] The first calculation method may be a default method or a protocol method specified or configured by both the first sending device and the receiving device.

[0171] If the specified valid bit of the first byte stream in the first part of the byte stream, the value of M, the number of multiple bits, and at least one of the first calculation methods are configured, the receiving device can be configured for the first sending device, or the first sending device can be configured for the receiving device, or the SF or the core network device can be configured for the first sending device and the receiving device. The configuration method of the specified valid bit of the first byte stream in the first part of the byte stream, the value of M, the number of multiple bits, and at least one of the first calculation methods is not limited here.

[0172] For example, taking a 128-bit key bit stream (first sequence) (comprising a total of 16 byte streams), the first 7 byte streams Octet0-Octet6 are used to generate a random phase (i.e., a phase adjustment parameter). For example, the most significant bit of Octet0 (comprising 8 bits: B0, B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7) is the designated valid bit of the first byte stream. Then, starting from the most significant bit of Octet0, 2 bits can be sequentially taken (generally according to the modulation order) to calculate the phase symbol (first phase adjustment value) according to the following first calculation method: Where k = (2 × B6) + B7. B6 and B7 represent the values ​​of the two bits extracted from Octet0 for the first time, and α is the first phase adjustment value calculated for the first time. Here, only the generation method of the first phase adjustment value is used as an example. In actual processing, a similar method can be used to calculate the first phase adjustment value corresponding to each modulation symbol of the first perception signal, and finally form the first phase adjustment parameter. There are four options for phase (phase adjustment value):

[0173] It should be pointed out that in order to further increase the security of the perceived signal, the number of key bits can be freely selected to increase the state space for generating the random phase. For example, it can be generated by taking 3 bits of the key stream, so that the state space of the random phase corresponding to each carrier of each symbol becomes 8.

[0174] Taking the first calculation of the first phase adjustment value as an example, the first 7 byte streams Octet0-Octet6 of the 128-bit key stream (first sequence) (including a total of 16 byte streams) are used to generate a random phase (i.e., a phase adjustment parameter). For example, the most significant bit of Octet0 (including 8 bits: B0, B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7) is the designated valid bit of the first byte stream. Then, starting from the most significant bit of Octet0, 3 bits can be sequentially taken (generally according to the modulation order) to calculate the phase symbol (first phase adjustment value) according to the following first calculation method: Where k = (2 2 ×B5)+(2×B6)+B7. B5, B6, and B7 represent the values ​​of the three bits extracted from Octet0 for the first time, and α is the first phase adjustment value calculated for the first time.

[0175] It should be noted that when the number of symbols (i.e., modulation symbols of the first perception signal) is small, the key byte stream (first sequence) may not be fully used. However, when the number of symbols (perceptual modulation symbols) is large, the key stream (first sequence) can be sequentially taken from (B0, B1), (B1, B2), (B2, B3), etc. For example, multiple bits are sequentially extracted starting from the least significant bit of the first byte stream in the first M byte streams of the first sequence to calculate each phase adjustment value.

[0176] On the first sending device side, the process of sending the first perception signal may include: obtaining a modulation symbol based on a first perception sequence; calculating the first sequence based on a first shared key, and calculating a first phase adjustment parameter based on the first sequence; adjusting the modulation symbol based on the first phase adjustment parameter, and sending the first perception signal.

[0177] Obtaining the perceptual modulation symbol based on the first perceptual sequence may include: modulating a plurality of bits extracted from the first perceptual sequence each time based on a specified modulation mode to obtain each modulation symbol.

[0178] Taking the modulation scheme of QPSK as an example, each modulation symbol can be generated by extracting two bits from the first perceptual sequence each time, and modulating the two bits extracted each time using QPSK to obtain the corresponding perceptual modulation symbol. For example, if any perceptual modulation symbol is the mth modulation symbol, the following formula can be used to express it: Wherein, c(2m) and c(2m+1) are specific values ​​of two bits extracted from the perception sequence respectively, and r(m) represents the mth modulation symbol.

[0179] Calculating the first sequence based on the first shared key and calculating the first phase adjustment parameter based on the first sequence may refer to: calculating the first sequence based on the first shared key and calculating the first phase adjustment value corresponding to each modulation symbol based on the first sequence.

[0180] Adjusting the modulation symbol based on the first phase adjustment parameter and sending the first perception signal may include: performing phase rotation on the perception modulation symbol based on the first phase adjustment value corresponding to each modulation symbol to obtain each phase-rotated modulation symbol; and sending each phase-rotated modulation symbol on the perception resource corresponding to each phase-rotated modulation symbol, wherein each phase-rotated modulation symbol constitutes the first perception signal.

[0181] Here, each phase-rotated modulation symbol can also be processed to obtain a first perception signal. For example, each phase-rotated modulation symbol can be mapped to a corresponding perception resource to generate and send the first perception signal. Among them, there can be multiple perception resources on the first sending device side, and different perception resources have different time domain ranges and / or frequency domain ranges. The specific time-frequency resource locations of the multiple perception resources can be default or specified by the protocol, and are not limited here. It should be understood that this is only an exemplary description. In actual processing, the processing of generating the perception signal can also include other related processing, and the processing timing is not limited to the method provided in this embodiment, and is not limited or exhaustive here.

[0182] The above is an exemplary explanation using the example of a first transmitting device calculating a first phase adjustment parameter, performing phase rotation on the modulation symbol based on the first phase adjustment parameter, and sending a first perception signal. In actual processing, each transmitting device calculates its own phase adjustment parameter, performs phase rotation on the modulation symbol corresponding to its own perception signal based on its own phase adjustment parameter, and sends the perception signal. The specific processing method of each transmitting device is the same as that of the first transmitting device, so they are not described one by one.

[0183] It should also be noted that synchronization is required between multiple sending devices, and the relevant description of the synchronization is the same as that in the above embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0184] In conjunction with Figure 8, taking multiple transmitting devices including two base stations (BS1 and BS2), and the two base stations respectively adjusting the phase of the modulation symbols corresponding to their respective perception signals as an example, the processing of multiple transmitting devices is exemplarily described: BS1 and BS2 respectively perform QPSK modulation based on their respective reference signal sequences to obtain modulation symbols. Here, the reference signal sequences corresponding to different base stations can be the same or different. In Figure 8, in order to distinguish them, they are respectively identified as reference signal sequence 1 and reference signal sequence 2. Accordingly, the bits used by BS1 and BS2 for QPSK modulation are respectively represented as r1 and r2; BS1 and BS2 respectively modulate the modulation symbols to obtain QPSK modulation symbols (for example, represented as s1 and s2 respectively); BS1 and BS2 respectively calculate random phases α1 and α2 based on their respective key sequences (the aforementioned multiple sequences, represented as key sequence 1 and key sequence 2 respectively in Figure 8); BS1 and BS2 respectively add random phases α1 and α2 to the modulation symbols, that is, and Where s represents the modulation symbol, s = e jβπ / 4,β=±1,±3, β is the phase of the perception modulation symbol itself; BS1 and BS2 send their own perception signal 1 and perception signal 2 respectively through their respective channels (such as channel h and channel g). There may be other processing in the process of BS1 and BS2 sending their own perception signal 1 and perception signal 2 respectively through their respective channels (such as channel h and channel g), such as resource mapping, etc. This example does not limit or enumerate the timing and specific processing methods of other related processing. In some possible examples, it can include: BS1 and BS2 generate their own perception signals after performing QPSK mapping (resource mapping), and BS1 and BS2 synchronously send their own perception signal 1 and perception signal 2 through their respective channels (such as channel h and channel g). Here, s can refer to any modulation symbol. For example, the calculation method of each s can be the one mentioned in the above embodiment. The random phase α corresponds to the modulation symbol. Since the specific processing method of each modulation symbol is the same, they will not be described one by one.

[0185] On the receiving device side, the processing after receiving the echo signals of the multiple perception signals may include: obtaining a perception result based on the multiple phase adjustment parameters and the echo signals of the multiple perception signals.

[0186] Specifically, obtaining the perception result based on the multiple phase adjustment parameters and the echo signals of the multiple perception signals may include: demodulating the echo signals of the multiple perception signals based on each phase adjustment parameter in the multiple phase adjustment parameters and the modulation symbol of each perception signal to obtain a channel estimation value between each sending device and the receiving device; and obtaining the perception result based on the channel estimation value between each sending device and the receiving device.

[0187] The demodulating, based on each phase adjustment parameter of the multiple phase adjustment parameters and the modulation symbol of each perception signal, the echo signals of the multiple perception signals to obtain a channel estimation value between each transmitting device and the receiving device may include:

[0188] When the echo signal of the kth perception signal is demodulated for the kth time and k is equal to 1, the echo signal of the current remaining perception signal is demodulated based on the kth phase adjustment parameter to obtain the kth demodulated echo signal. When k is equal to 1, the echo signal of the current remaining perception signal may be the echo signal of all perception signals. Channel estimation is performed based on the modulation symbol of the kth perception signal and the kth demodulated echo signal to obtain a channel estimation value between the kth transmitting device and the receiving device.

[0189] In the case of the k-th demodulation of the echo signal of the k-th perception signal, where k is greater than 1, based on the k-1 channel estimation values ​​between the previous k-1 transmitting devices and receiving devices and the modulation symbols of the previous k-1 perception signals, the echo signals of the previous k-1 perception signals are eliminated from the echo signals of the multiple perception signals to obtain the echo signals of the current remaining perception signals; the echo signals of the current remaining perception signals are demodulated based on the k-th phase adjustment parameter to obtain the k-th demodulated echo signal; channel estimation is performed based on the modulation symbols of the k-th perception signal and the k-th demodulated echo signal to obtain the channel estimation value between the k-th transmitting device and the receiving device; k is a positive integer less than or equal to the number of the multiple transmitting devices;

[0190] This process is repeated until k is equal to the number of transmitting devices, and the channel estimation values ​​between all transmitting devices and the receiving devices are obtained.

[0191] Among them, demodulating the echo signal of the current remaining perception signal based on the kth phase adjustment parameter to obtain the kth demodulated echo signal may refer to: phase demodulating the echo signal on each perception resource corresponding to each modulation symbol of the kth perception signal based on each phase adjustment value contained in the k phase adjustment parameters to obtain the kth phase-rotated echo signal (or called the echo signal after the kth symbol phase rotation, or called the echo signal after the kth symbol rotation).

[0192] It should be noted that the above processing may also include related processing such as demapping of the echo signal, and all possible related processing for demodulating the echo signal are not limited or exhaustively listed here.

[0193] The way in which the receiving device calculates the modulation symbol of each perception signal is the same as the way in which each transmitting device calculates the modulation symbol of its own perception signal, and thus will not be described repeatedly.

[0194] Obtaining the sensing result based on the channel estimation value between each transmitting device and the receiving device may refer to calculating a sensing measurement value required for the sensing service based on a sensing algorithm and the channel estimation value between each transmitting device and the receiving device, and using the calculated sensing measurement value as the sensing result. The specific methods for generating or calculating the sensing result are not limited or exhaustive herein.

[0195] In conjunction with FIG9 , the processing of the receiving device is exemplarily described by taking the case where the receiving device performs phase demodulation on the echo signals of two sensing signals for the UE as an example:

[0196] The UE simultaneously receives a fused sensing echo signal (i.e., an echo signal of multiple sensing signals) reflected by the sensing target, and expresses the echo signal as: Where y represents the echo signal of multiple sensing signals, h and g are the sensing channels corresponding to the two sensing signals, and n is the noise;

[0197] UE generates a random phase based on the key Ksf-1 Should Theoretically, it should be the same as the random phase α1 generated by the first transmitting device (such as gNB1), so here we directly use the random phase α1 generated by the UE side. Also expressed as α1;

[0198] UE demodulates y based on α1 to obtain in, Indicates the first demodulated echo signal or the first symbol-rotated echo signal. Indicates phase rotation of y;

[0199] The UE performs QPSK modulation based on a known sensing sequence (e.g., the sensing sequence of the sensing signal corresponding to the first transmitting device) to generate an OFDM modulation symbol s. It then performs channel estimation based on s and the first demodulated echo signal to obtain the channel estimate h between the UE and the first transmitting device (e.g., gNB1).

[0200] UE generates a random phase based on the key Ksf-2 Should Theoretically, it should be the same as the random phase α2 generated by the second transmitting device (such as gNB2), so here we directly use the random phase α2 generated by the UE side. Also expressed as α2;

[0201] The UE demodulates the echo signal of the current remaining sensing signal based on α2 to obtain the second demodulated echo signal, which can be expressed as in, Indicates that based on a channel estimation value between a previous transmitting device and a receiving device and a modulation symbol of a previous perception signal, the echo signal of the previous perception signal is eliminated from the echo signals of multiple perception signals to obtain the echo signals of the current remaining perception signals; It represents the first demodulated echo signal or the first symbol rotated echo signal, e -jα2 Indicates that the phase rotation is performed on the echo signal of the current remaining sensing signal;

[0202] The UE performs QPSK modulation based on a known sensing sequence (e.g., the sensing sequence of the sensing signal corresponding to the second transmitting device) to generate an OFDM modulation symbol s. The UE performs channel estimation based on s and the second demodulated echo signal to obtain a channel estimate g between the UE and the second transmitting device (e.g., gNB1).

[0203] Finally, the UE stores the acquired CSI (which may include each channel estimation value, for example) and obtains the perception result.

[0204] Here, the UE's demodulation processing of the echo signal may also include related processing such as demapping. This example does not limit the specific processing timing and specific processing method of the demapping, and this embodiment does not limit or enumerate all possible processing of the demodulated echo signal. As long as the processing of any demodulated echo signal includes the processing of the above example, it is within the protection scope of this embodiment.

[0205] In some possible implementations, on the receiving device side, the multiple shared parameters include multiple sequence generation parameters, wherein different sequence generation parameters among the multiple sequence generation parameters are shared by different sending devices and the receiving device.

[0206] The multiple phase adjustment parameters are calculated based on multiple sequences, and the multiple sequences are calculated based on the multiple sequence generation parameters.

[0207] On multiple transmitting devices, using the first transmitting device as an example, the first shared parameter includes a first sequence generation parameter. The first phase adjustment parameter is calculated based on the first sequence, and the first sequence is calculated based on the first sequence generation parameter. Here, the first sequence generation parameter is one of multiple sequence generation parameters, and the sequence generation parameters used or stored by different transmitting devices can be the same or different, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0208] The multiple sequences (or any one sequence) may refer to chaotic sequences, such as noise-like chaotic sequences. Chaotic phenomena are deterministic, random-like processes that occur in nonlinear dynamic systems. These processes are neither periodic nor convergent (using chaotic sequences can address the predictability and periodicity issues of pseudo-random sequences, improving security), and are extremely sensitive to initial values. Chaotic sequences are one of the products of this phenomenon. Based on the characteristics of chaotic phenomena, chaotic sequences have the following characteristics: even slight changes in initial conditions can lead to widely varying results. Therefore, the system's behavior is unpredictable, similar to noise, which greatly enhances information confidentiality. Furthermore, since chaotic dynamic systems are deterministic, identical random sequences can be restored using the same initial values. Based on this characteristic, chaotic sequences can be used to generate rotating phases. In the embodiments of the present application, noise-like chaotic sequences are primarily generated using methods such as tent mapping, cubic mapping, and logistic mapping (also known as worm population mapping). This does not limit or exhaustively enumerate all possible methods for generating chaotic sequences.

[0209] Each of the multiple sequence generation parameters may include at least one of the following: an initial chaotic value of each sequence, a control parameter of each sequence, and a maximum index value of each sequence. The initial chaotic value of each sequence is used to calculate the initial value of each sequence; the control parameter of each sequence may be an adjustment value of each sequence, and the value range of the control parameter may be configured according to actual conditions, such as being greater than 0 and less than 1, or being greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, or being greater than or equal to -1 and less than or equal to 1, etc., which are not limited or exhaustive here; the maximum index value of each sequence may be used to indicate the length of each sequence or the number of values ​​of each sequence. Furthermore, the maximum index value of each sequence may be equal to the number of modulation symbols of the corresponding perceptual signal.

[0210] The content of the first sequence generation parameter is the same as that of each of the aforementioned sequence generation parameters, and will not be repeated here.

[0211] The multiple sequence generation parameters may be pre-configured on the receiving device, or may be specified by a protocol, or each of the multiple sequence generation parameters may be determined for each transmitting device and indicated to the receiving device, or each of the multiple sequence generation parameters may be determined by the receiving device and configured for the corresponding transmitting device, or each of the multiple sequence generation parameters may be configured by the core network device or the SF for each transmitting device and receiving device. As long as the corresponding sequence generation parameters stored by each transmitting device and receiving device are the same, they are within the scope of protection of this embodiment.

[0212] Taking the first sequence generation parameter as an example, the first sending device and the receiving device respectively calculate the first sequence in the same way, which can include: when calculating the value of the first sequence for the first time, the first value in the first sequence is calculated based on the second calculation method using the initial chaotic value of the first sequence (or the first value in the first sequence is calculated based on the second calculation method using the initial chaotic value of the first sequence and the control parameter of the first sequence); judging whether the number of values ​​contained in the first sequence reaches the maximum index value of the first sequence; if it does not reach the maximum index value of the first sequence, the current value in the first sequence is calculated based on the second calculation method using the previous value of the first sequence (or the current value in the first sequence is calculated based on the second calculation method using the previous value of the first sequence and the control parameter of the first sequence); if the maximum index value of the first sequence is reached, the calculation is stopped to obtain the first sequence.

[0213] Exemplarily, the first sequence is calculated based on the second calculation method, which can be specifically expressed as: Where n is a positive integer, x n is the previous value of the first sequence, x nThe specific value range of x can be greater than or equal to -1 and less than or equal to 1. n+1 The current value in the first sequence.

[0214] Taking the first sequence as an example, the first sequence is used to calculate the first phase adjustment parameter. On the first sending device and the receiving device side, the method of calculating the first phase adjustment parameter is the same, for example, both can be: extract the a-th value from the first sequence, and calculate the a-th first phase adjustment value in the first phase adjustment parameter for the a-th value based on the third calculation method. Wherein, a is an integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to the maximum index value. For example, for the chaotic sequence (first sequence) generated above in the [-1,1] interval, the third calculation method can be expressed as: α=x a ·π, α is the ath first phase adjustment value, x a The ath value in the first sequence.

[0215] It should be understood that different sending devices can use different sequence generation parameters and different calculation methods to calculate different sequences. Taking the second sequence among multiple sequences as an example, for example, the second sequence is calculated for the second sending device among multiple sending devices, and the method of calculating the second sequence on the receiving device and the second sending device side is the same, including: when calculating the value of the second sequence for the first time, the first value in the second sequence is calculated based on the initial chaotic value of the second sequence based on the fourth calculation method (or the first value in the second sequence is calculated based on the initial chaotic value of the second sequence and the control parameter of the second sequence based on the fourth calculation method); judging whether the number of values ​​contained in the second sequence reaches the maximum index value of the second sequence, if it does not reach the maximum index value of the second sequence, then the current value in the second sequence is calculated based on the previous value of the second sequence based on the fourth calculation method (or the current value in the second sequence is calculated based on the previous value of the second sequence and the control parameter of the second sequence based on the fourth calculation method); if the maximum index value of the second sequence is reached, the calculation is stopped to obtain the second sequence.

[0216] Exemplarily, the second sequence is calculated based on the fourth calculation method, which can be specifically expressed as:

[0217] Where k is a positive integer, z k is the last value of the second sequence (which can be the initial chaotic value), β is the control parameter of the second sequence, z k+1 is the current value in the second sequence; z k The specific value range of can be greater than 0 and less than or equal to 1; k When it is less than or equal to β and greater than 0, use z k / β to calculate z k+1 ; in z kWhen it is greater than β and less than or equal to 1, use (1-z k ) / (1-β) to calculate z k+1 .

[0218] Taking the second sequence as an example, the second sequence is used to calculate the second phase adjustment parameter. On the second sending device and the receiving device side, the method of calculating the second phase adjustment parameter is the same, for example, both can be: extract the a-th value from the second sequence, and calculate the a-th second phase adjustment value in the second phase adjustment parameter for the a-th value based on the fifth calculation method. Wherein, a is an integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to the maximum index value. For example, for the chaotic sequence (second sequence) generated above in the [0,1] interval, the fifth calculation method can be expressed as: α=x a ·2π, α is the ath second phase adjustment value, x a Take the a-th value in the second sequence.

[0219] The above examples are merely two examples. In practice, multiple transmitting devices may use a variety of sequence generation parameters and calculation methods to calculate their own sequences, which are not exhaustive here. The methods described above utilize non-integer values ​​in the sequence, resulting in an unlimited range of possible values ​​and a highly secure phase adjustment parameter.

[0220] Optionally, the above-mentioned multiple sequences can also quantize the discrete values ​​into 0 or 1 through a threshold, so that a series of discrete values ​​are converted into multiple binary sequences, which can then be processed in accordance with the aforementioned method of calculating the phase adjustment parameters based on the key stream (or hash sequence or random sequence), which will not be repeated here.

[0221] In this embodiment, the process by which each transmitting device processes and sends its own perception signal based on its own phase adjustment parameter is the same as in the previous embodiment; the process by which the receiving device demodulates the echo signals of the received multiple perception signals based on each phase adjustment parameter is also the same as in the previous embodiment, and therefore will not be repeated.

[0222] In some possible implementations, the processing performed by the receiving device after obtaining the perception result may further include: reporting the perception result.

[0223] The receiving device may report the perception result in one of the following ways: sending the perception result to the core network device or sending the perception result to the SF.

[0224] For example, the receiving device is a terminal, and the terminal is triggered by the perception control request sent by the SF to measure the echo signal of the perception signal. The corresponding terminal can report the perception result directly to the SF. Alternatively, the terminal is triggered by a message sent by the core network device to process the echo signal of the perception signal. Accordingly, the terminal can report the perception result to the core network device (which can be reported to the SF by the core network device), and the perception result can be carried by the NAS message. Alternatively, the terminal is triggered by a message sent by the access network device to process the echo signal of the perception signal. Accordingly, the terminal can report the perception result to the access network device, and the perception result can be carried by the AS message.

[0225] For example, if the receiving device is an access network device, and the access network device measures the echo signal of the perception signal triggered by the perception control request sent by the SF, the corresponding access network device can directly report the perception result to the SF. Alternatively, if the access network device processes the echo signal of the perception signal measured by the message sent by the core network device, the access network device can report the perception result to the core network device.

[0226] In conjunction with Figure 10, the processing of the multi-base station collaborative sensing scenario is exemplified. In the scenario corresponding to Figure 10, multiple base stations (BSs, such as the serving gNB and neighboring gNBs shown in Figure 10) send QPSK-modulated sensing reference signals (which can also be DM-RS, CSI-RS, PRS, etc.), and the UE simultaneously receives and measures multiple echo signals reflected after passing through the sensing target (the fusion of multiple QPSKs can solve the amplitude leakage problem caused by the application of random phase deviation). To ensure the security of the sensing signal, each BS generates a random phase based on the shared key K (i.e., the shared key) and adds the phase rotation to the transmitted signal. The receiving UE generates the same random phase based on the shared key K, then performs channel estimation on the received echo signal, and stores the obtained CSI. Since illegal eavesdroppers do not know the shared key K, they cannot perform CSI measurements based on the received signal. As shown in Figure 10, it includes:

[0227] Multiple base stations (gNB1 and gNB2) and the UE share the same key K (denoted as K_1 and K_2, respectively). In one embodiment, the key shared between the UE and each gNB can be the security key described in the previous embodiment, such as KgNB, or a key derived from the Kgnb corresponding to the UE and each gNB (such as an access stratum key). In another embodiment, each key can be a new key shared by each gNB and the UE. gNB1 and gNB2 can be the serving base station and neighboring base station corresponding to the UE, respectively. In addition to gNB1 and gNB2, other gNBs may be included. Figure 10 illustrates only two gNBs for simplicity; Figure 10 does not limit downlink sensing scenarios.

[0228] Step 1001: The SF sends a service awareness request to each gNB (e.g., gNB1 and gNB2) and the UE via the AMF. Here, step 1001 can be replaced by the SF sending the request directly to each gNB (and UE) (without going through the AMF). In this case, the shared key does not apply to KAM-based key derivation. Alternatively, step 1001 can be replaced by the UE (which can be a third-party client UE) or the AF triggering the service awareness request. This is not exhaustive.

[0229] The perception service request may carry at least one of the following: service type ID (such as perception service ID and / or perception service type ID), service requirements (perception resolution, perception accuracy, frame rate, duration, target area information, latency, perception participating node information (such as UE, gNB identifier)), etc.

[0230] Step 1002: The SF sends a sensing BS information request to the gNB and receives a sensing BS information response from the gNB.

[0231] The sensing base station information request (and / or response) may be used to obtain information of multiple base stations required for multi-station collaborative sensing.

[0232] Here, the perception base station information request and / or response can be exchanged between the SF and the UE's serving base station (such as gNB1); or, the perception base station information request / response can be exchanged between the SF and each base station (gNB1 and gNB2) separately, which is not limited here.

[0233] The sensing base station information request / response can be used to exchange at least one of the following information: the PCI (Physical Cell Identifier), GCI (Global Cellular Identity), ARFCN (Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number) and TRP identifier of the TRP (Transmission and Receiving Point) served by the gNB, TRP timing information served by the gNB, DL-PRS (Down Link Positioning Reference Signal) configuration of the TRP served by the gNB, SSB (synchronization signal and PBCH block) information of the TRP (SSB occupied time / frequency), spatial direction information of the DL-PRS resource of the TRP served by the gNB, geographic coordinate information of the DL-PRS resource of the TRP served by the gNB, TRP type, on-demand DL-PRS information, and TRP Tx (Transmitter) TEG (Timing Error Group) association information.

[0234] Step 1003: SF sends a capability request to UE and obtains capability response reported by UE. Through the UE capability request / capability response interaction process, UE can send sensing capabilities to SF so that SF can determine the sensing node UE and related configurations.

[0235] UE sensing capabilities may include the following: Supported sensing modes: UE1 transmits and UE2 receives; gNB transmits and UE receives; UE transmits and gNB receives. Supported terminal roles: sensing transmitter, sensing receiver, and sensing manager. At least one of the following for each supported sensing mode: sensing accuracy, sensing range, range resolution, sensing speed, speed, resolution, sensing angle, angle resolution, and sensing latency.

[0236] It should be noted that if the SF and LMF are co-located and relevant protocols (such as the LPP protocol) are reused for capability interaction (or reporting), all possible ways of capability interaction between the SF and the UE are not limited or exhaustive.

[0237] Step 1004: The SF sends an assistance data message to the UE. The assistance data message includes any assistance data required for the UE to perform necessary downlink sensing reference signal measurements. The assistance data includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: indication of the time, frequency, and spatial domain resources of the reference signal, the reference signal transmitting node ID, and the random phase generation method (initial value, index, etc.).

[0238] It should be noted that if the SF and LMF are co-located and related protocols (such as the LPP protocol) are reused to send auxiliary data messages, all possible ways for the SF and UE to exchange auxiliary data messages are not limited or exhaustive.

[0239] Step 1005: gNB1 and gNB2 generate random phase offsets α1 and α2 based on the shared key Ksf (e.g., Ksf1 and Ksf2, respectively), and add the random phase offsets to their respective modulated symbols, respectively, to obtain and The rotated sensing reference signals are then sent. The specific processing method for this step is the same as in the previous embodiment and is not described again. The method for gNB1 and gNB2 to obtain the shared key Ksf in this step is also the same as in the previous embodiment and is not described again.

[0240] Step 1006: Based on the time synchronization in step 1001, the UE simultaneously receives the fused sensed echo signal reflected by the sensed target, generates multiple random phases based on multiple shared keys, and performs channel estimation on the echo signal based on the multiple random phases to obtain CSI. The specific processing of this step is the same as in the previous embodiment and is not further described.

[0241] Step 1007: The UE calculates the sensing measurement value required for the sensing service based on the sensing algorithm and the channel estimation value between each transmitting device and the receiving device, uses the calculated sensing measurement value as the sensing result, and sends the sensing result to the SF.

[0242] In conjunction with Figure 11, the processing of a multi-terminal collaborative sensing scenario is illustrated. In the scenario corresponding to Figure 11, multiple UEs (such as UE1 and UE2 shown in Figure 11) transmit sensing reference signals (such as SRS), and the serving gNB simultaneously receives and measures multiple echo signals reflected after passing through the sensing target. Specifically, as shown in Figure 11, it includes:

[0243] Step 1100: The keys shared by UE1 and UE2 and the serving gNB are K_1 and K_2, respectively. In one embodiment, the key shared by each UE and the serving gNB can be the security key in the aforementioned embodiment, such as KgNB, or can be a key derived from the Kgnb of each UE and the gNB (such as an access stratum key, etc.). In another embodiment, each key can also be a new key shared between each UE and the gNB.

[0244] Step 1101: The SF sends a service awareness request to each UE (e.g., UE1 and UE2) and the serving gNB via the AMF. Here, step 1101 can be replaced by the SF sending the request directly to each UE and serving gNB (without going through the AMF). In this case, the shared key does not apply to KAM-based key derivation. Alternatively, step 1101 can be replaced by the UE (which can be a third-party client UE) or the AF triggering the service awareness request, but these examples are not exhaustive. The content carried in this service awareness request is similar to that of step 1001 in the aforementioned embodiment and is not further described.

[0245] Step 1102: The UE sends the UE's sensing capability to the SF so that the SF can determine the sensing node UE and related configurations.

[0246] UE sensing capabilities may include the following: supported sensing modes (e.g., UE1 transmits and UE2 receives); gNB transmits and UE receives; and UE transmits and gNB receives. Supported terminal roles (e.g., sensing transmitter, receiver, and manager). Supported sensing accuracy. UE radio-related capabilities (e.g., supported transmit / receive bandwidth, processing power, and beam scanning capabilities).

[0247] It should be noted that if the SF and LMF are co-located and relevant protocols (such as the LPP protocol) are reused for capability interaction (or reporting), all possible ways of capability interaction between the SF and the UE are not limited or exhaustive.

[0248] Step 1103: The SF sends a SENSING UE INFORMATION REQUEST to the serving gNB, and the serving gNB obtains the SRS information of multiple UEs required for multi-station coordinated sensing.

[0249] After this step, the perceived UE information request includes but is not limited to at least one of the following: the number / duration of UL-SRS transmissions requested, resource type (periodic, semi-persistent, non-periodic), bandwidth, requested SRS resource sets and the number of each SRS resource set, path loss reference (PCI, SSB index, DL-PRS identifier, DL-PRS resource set identifier, DL-PRS resource identifier, etc. at least one), spatial relationship information (PCI, SSB index, DL-PRS identifier, DL-PRS resource set identifier, DL-PRS resource identifier, NZP (Non-Zero Power, non-zero power) CSI-RS (CSI Reference Signals, channel state information reference information) resource identifier, SRS resource identifier, positioning SRS resource identifier, etc. at least one), periodicity of SRS of each SRS resource set, SSB information, and carrier frequency of SRS transmission bandwidth.

[0250] Step 1104: The serving gNB determines the resources available for UL-SRS of UE1 and UE2 based on the UE capabilities.

[0251] Step 1105: The serving gNB sends UL-SRS configuration data to UE1 and UE2 respectively. In addition to the reference signal transmission mode (periodic, semi-persistent, aperiodic), SRS time-frequency and space resource information, the configuration data corresponding to each UE should also include the random phase generation method (initial value, index, etc.).

[0252] Step 1106: The serving gNB sends a SENSING UE INFORMATION RESPONSE message to the SF, providing the UE's SRS configuration information.

[0253] Step 1107: In case of semi-persistent or aperiodic SRS, the SF requests activation of UE SRS transmission by sending a sensing (or positioning) activation request message to the serving gNB of the UEs (UE1 and UE2).

[0254] Step 1108: The serving gNB sends a sensing activation request to UE1 and UE2 respectively to activate or trigger UE1 and UE2 to send SRS.

[0255] Step 1109: The serving gNB sends a sensing (or positioning) activation response message to the SF.

[0256] Step 1110: UE1 and UE2 generate random phase offsets α1 and α2 based on the shared key Ksf (for example, Ksf1 and Ksf2 respectively), and add the random phase offsets to the modulation symbols after their respective modulation, that is, obtain and The specific processing method of this step is the same as that of the previous embodiment and will not be repeated here. The way in which UE1 and UE2 obtain the shared key Ksf in this step is also the same as that of the previous embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0257] Step 1111: Based on the time synchronization in step 1101, the serving gNB simultaneously receives the fused sensed echo signal reflected by the sensing target, generates multiple random phases based on multiple shared keys, and performs channel estimation on the echo signal based on the multiple random phases to obtain CSI. The specific processing of this step is the same as in the previous embodiment and is not further described.

[0258] Step 1112: The gNB calculates the sensing measurement values ​​required for the sensing service based on the sensing algorithm and the channel estimation value between each transmitting device and the receiving device, uses the calculated sensing measurement values ​​as the sensing results, and sends the sensing results to the SF.

[0259] Step 1113: The SF sends the UE's awareness deactivation message to the serving gNB.

[0260] By adopting the solution provided in the embodiments of this application, the receiving device and multiple transmitting devices each calculate phase adjustment parameters based on shared parameters, and then perform phase adjustment on each perception signal based on the phase adjustment parameters and transmit them. In this way, multiple transmitting devices simultaneously conceal the phases of their respective perception signals. Only the receiving device that shares the same parameters with each transmitting device can correctly demodulate the fused echo signal of the multiple perception signals to obtain an accurate perception result. This protects the privacy of the perception target from being eavesdropped at the perception signal level, thereby improving perception security.

[0261] Specifically, the present invention proposes a multi-station collaborative perception scheme, through which not only the perception measurement accuracy can be improved, but also the perception privacy information can be protected from the signal level, as follows: In the proposed multi-station collaborative perception scheme, the receiving end can fuse the perception signals of multiple stations through relevant algorithms, share the perception data to the perception center, narrow the perception blind spot, achieve continuous tracking of the target, and achieve accurate perception of the perception target; the perception superposition QPSK signal sent by multiple stations can hide the phase and amplitude at the same time, and the eavesdropper cannot obtain the perception result due to the lack of a shared sequence (because the eavesdropper does not know the rotation phase of the two signals, even if the eavesdropper obtains the amplitude of the first demodulated signal, it cannot obtain the amplitude of the second demodulated signal, and therefore cannot obtain the final perception result). The number of supported transmitters can be expanded from two stations to multiple stations, and the more transmitters there are, the higher the perception accuracy and the better the security performance.

[0262] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a receiving device according to an embodiment of the present application, including:

[0263] The first communication unit 1201 is configured to receive echo signals of multiple perception signals, where the multiple perception signals are generated by multiple transmitting devices based on multiple phase adjustment parameters and modulation symbols of the multiple perception signals, the multiple phase adjustment parameters are calculated based on multiple shared parameters, and different shared parameters among the multiple shared parameters are shared by the receiving device and different transmitting devices.

[0264] As shown in FIG12 , the receiving device further includes:

[0265] The first processing unit 1202 is configured to obtain a sensing result based on the multiple phase adjustment parameters and the echo signals of the multiple sensing signals.

[0266] The first processing unit is configured to demodulate the echo signals of the multiple perception signals based on each phase adjustment parameter in the multiple phase adjustment parameters and the modulation symbol of each perception signal to obtain a channel estimation value between each transmitting device and the receiving device; and obtain the perception result based on the channel estimation value between each transmitting device and the receiving device.

[0267] The multiple shared parameters include multiple shared keys, wherein different shared keys among the multiple shared keys are shared by the receiving device and different sending devices.

[0268] The multiple phase adjustment parameters are calculated based on multiple sequences, and the multiple sequences are one of the following: multiple key streams calculated based on the multiple shared keys; multiple hash sequences calculated based on the multiple shared keys; and multiple random sequences calculated based on the multiple shared keys.

[0269] The multiple shared keys are one of the following: multiple security keys, wherein different security keys are one of the following between the receiving device and different sending devices: access layer key, access layer security base key, physical layer key; calculated based on the multiple security keys.

[0270] The multiple shared keys are calculated based on a first key between the receiving device and a core network device.

[0271] The multiple shared keys are calculated based on the first key and multiple first parameters, wherein different first parameters in the multiple first parameters include identifications of different sending devices.

[0272] The plurality of shared keys are configured.

[0273] The multiple shared parameters include multiple sequence generation parameters, wherein different sequence generation parameters among the multiple sequence generation parameters are shared by different sending devices and the receiving device.

[0274] The multiple phase adjustment parameters are calculated based on multiple sequences, and the multiple sequences are calculated based on the multiple sequence generation parameters.

[0275] The multiple sending devices are multiple access network devices, and the receiving device is a terminal.

[0276] The multiple sending devices are multiple terminals, and the receiving device is an access network device.

[0277] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first sending device according to an embodiment of the present application, including:

[0278] The second communication unit 1301 is configured to send a first perception signal, where the first perception signal is generated based on a first phase adjustment parameter and a modulation symbol corresponding to the first perception signal, the first phase adjustment parameter is calculated based on a first shared parameter, and the first shared parameter is shared by the first sending device and the receiving device.

[0279] The first perception signal is one of a plurality of perception signals, different perception signals among the plurality of perception signals are sent by different sending devices, and the plurality of perception signals are sent in the same time domain range.

[0280] The first shared parameter includes a first shared key.

[0281] The first phase adjustment parameter is calculated based on a first sequence, and the first sequence is one of the following: a first key stream calculated based on the first shared key; a first hash sequence calculated based on the first shared key; or a first random sequence calculated based on the first shared key.

[0282] The first shared key is one of the following: a first security key, wherein the first security key is one of the following: a first access layer key, a first access layer security base key, a first physical layer key; and is calculated based on the first security key.

[0283] The first shared key is calculated based on a second key between the first sending device and a core network device.

[0284] The first shared key is configured.

[0285] The first shared parameters include first sequence generation parameters.

[0286] The first phase adjustment parameter is calculated based on a first sequence, and the first sequence is calculated based on the first sequence generation parameter.

[0287] The multiple sending devices are multiple access network devices, and the receiving device is a terminal.

[0288] The multiple sending devices are multiple terminals, and the receiving device is an access network device.

[0289] The device of the embodiment of the present application can realize the corresponding functions of each device in the aforementioned communication method embodiment. The processes, functions, implementation methods and beneficial effects corresponding to each module (sub-module, unit or component, etc.) in the device can be found in the corresponding description in the above-mentioned method embodiment, which will not be repeated here. It should be noted that the functions described by each module (sub-module, unit or component, etc.) in the device of the embodiment of the application can be implemented by different modules (sub-module, unit or component, etc.) or by the same module (sub-module, unit or component, etc.).

[0290] Figure 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 1400 according to an embodiment of the present application. The communication device 1400 includes a processor 1410, which can call and execute a computer program from a memory to enable the communication device 1400 to implement the method in the embodiment of the present application.

[0291] In one possible implementation, the communication device 1400 may further include a memory 1420. The processor 1410 may call and run a computer program from the memory 1420 so that the communication device 1400 implements the method in the embodiment of the present application. The memory 1420 may be a separate device independent of the processor 1410, or may be integrated into the processor 1410. In one possible implementation, the communication device 1400 may further include a transceiver 1430, and the processor 1410 may control the transceiver 1430 to communicate with other devices. Specifically, the transceiver 1430 may send information or data to other devices, or receive information or data sent by other devices. The transceiver 1430 may include a transmitter and a receiver. The transceiver 1430 may further include an antenna, and the number of antennas may be one or more.

[0292] An embodiment of the present application provides a receiving device, including: a processor; and a memory in communication with the processor, the memory being configured to store instructions. When the instructions are executed by the processor, the instructions cause the receiving device to: receive echo signals of multiple perception signals, wherein the multiple perception signals are generated by multiple transmitting devices based on multiple phase adjustment parameters and modulation symbols of the multiple perception signals, the multiple phase adjustment parameters being calculated based on multiple shared parameters, and different shared parameters among the multiple shared parameters are shared by the receiving device and different transmitting devices.

[0293] An embodiment of the present application provides a first sending device, including: a processor; and a memory in communication with the processor, the memory being configured to store instructions. When the instructions are executed by the processor, the instructions cause the first sending device to execute the following steps: send a first perception signal, where the first perception signal is generated based on a first phase adjustment parameter and a modulation symbol corresponding to the first perception signal, the first phase adjustment parameter being calculated based on a first shared parameter, and the first shared parameter being shared by the first sending device and a receiving device.

[0294] Figure 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a chip 1500 according to an embodiment of the present application. The chip 1500 includes a processor 1510, which can call and run a computer program from a memory to implement the method in the embodiment of the present application. In one possible implementation, the chip 1500 may also include a memory 1520. The processor 1510 can call and run a computer program from the memory 1520 to implement the method performed by each device in the embodiment of the present application. The memory 1520 can be a separate device independent of the processor 1510, or it can be integrated into the processor 1510. In one possible implementation, the chip 1500 may also include an input interface 1530. The processor 1510 can control the input interface 1530 to communicate with other devices or chips, specifically, to obtain information or data sent by other devices or chips. In one possible implementation, the chip 1500 may also include an output interface 1540. Among them, the processor 1510 can control the output interface 1540 to communicate with other devices or chips, specifically, it can output information or data to other devices or chips. In one possible implementation, the chip can be applied to each device in the embodiments of the present application, and the chip can implement the corresponding processes implemented by each device in the various methods of the embodiments of the present application. For the sake of brevity, it is not repeated here. It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can also be called a system-level chip, a system chip, a chip system or a system-on-chip chip, etc.

[0295] The processor mentioned above may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an off-the-shelf programmable gate array, an application-specific integrated circuit, or other programmable logic device, a transistor logic device, a discrete hardware component, etc. The general-purpose processor mentioned above may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc. The memory mentioned above may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memories.

[0296] It should be understood that the above-mentioned memory is exemplary but not restrictive. For example, the memory in the embodiment of the present application may also be a static random access memory, a dynamic random access memory, etc.

[0297] Figure 16 is a schematic block diagram of a communication system 1600 according to an embodiment of the present application. The communication system 1600 includes a receiving device 1610 and a first sending device 1620. In the above embodiments, all or part of the embodiments can be implemented by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, all or part of the embodiments can be implemented in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions in accordance with the embodiments of the present application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via a wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) method. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more available media integrated therein. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (such as a hard disk), or a semiconductor medium (such as a solid state drive), etc.

[0298] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0299] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0300] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any modifications or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method performed by a receiving device, comprising: Receiving echo signals of a plurality of sensing signals, wherein the plurality of sensing signals are generated by a plurality of transmitting devices based on a plurality of phase adjustment parameters and modulation symbols of the plurality of sensing signals, the plurality of phase adjustment parameters are calculated based on a plurality of shared parameters, and different shared parameters among the plurality of shared parameters are shared by the receiving device and different transmitting devices.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The method further comprises: Obtaining a sensing result based on the plurality of phase adjustment parameters and the echo signals of the plurality of sensing signals.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein The obtaining a sensing result based on the plurality of phase adjustment parameters and the echo signals of the plurality of sensing signals comprises: Demodulating the echo signals of the plurality of sensing signals based on each phase adjustment parameter among the plurality of phase adjustment parameters and the modulation symbol of each sensing signal to obtain a channel estimation value between each transmitting device and the receiving device; Obtaining the sensing result based on the channel estimation value between each transmitting device and the receiving device.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The plurality of shared parameters include a plurality of shared keys, wherein different shared keys among the plurality of shared keys are shared by the receiving device and different transmitting devices.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein, The plurality of phase adjustment parameters are calculated based on a plurality of sequences, and the plurality of sequences are one of the following: a plurality of key streams calculated based on the plurality of shared keys; A plurality of hash sequences calculated based on the plurality of shared keys; A plurality of random sequences calculated based on the plurality of shared keys.

6. The method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein, The plurality of shared keys are one of the following: A plurality of security keys, wherein different security keys are one of the following between the receiving device and different transmitting devices: an access stratum key, an access stratum security base key, a physical layer key; Calculated based on the plurality of security keys.

7. The method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein The plurality of shared keys are calculated based on a first key between the receiving device and a core network device.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein, The plurality of shared keys are calculated based on the first key and a plurality of first parameters, wherein different first parameters among the plurality of first parameters include identifiers of different transmitting devices.

9. The method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein The plurality of shared keys are configured.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein The plurality of shared parameters include a plurality of sequence generation parameters, wherein different sequence generation parameters among the plurality of sequence generation parameters are shared by different transmitting devices and the receiving device.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein, The plurality of phase adjustment parameters are calculated based on a plurality of sequences, and the plurality of sequences are calculated based on the plurality of sequence generation parameters.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1-11, wherein, The plurality of transmitting devices are a plurality of access network devices, and the receiving device is a terminal.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1-6, 9-11, wherein, The plurality of transmitting devices are a plurality of terminals, and the receiving device is an access network device.

14. A communication method performed by a first transmitting device, comprising: Transmitting a first sensing signal, wherein the first sensing signal is generated based on a first phase adjustment parameter and a modulation symbol corresponding to the first sensing signal, and the first phase adjustment parameter is calculated based on a first shared parameter shared by the first transmitting device and a receiving device.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein, The first sensing signal is one of a plurality of sensing signals, and different sensing signals among the plurality of sensing signals are transmitted by different transmitting devices and have the same transmission time domain range.

16. The method according to claim 14 or 15, wherein The first shared parameter includes a first shared key.

17. The method according to claim 16, wherein, The first phase adjustment parameter is calculated based on a first sequence, and the first sequence is one of the following: a first key stream calculated based on the first shared key; a first hash sequence calculated based on the first shared key; a first random sequence calculated based on the first shared key.

18. The method according to claim 16 or 17, wherein The first shared key is one of the following: A first security key, where the first security key is one of the following: a first access layer key, a first access layer security base key, a first physical layer key; Calculated based on the first security key.

19. The method according to claim 16 or 17, wherein, The first shared key is calculated based on a second key between the first sending device and the core network device.

20. The method according to claim 16 or 17, wherein, The first shared key is configured.

21. The method according to claim 14 or 15, wherein The first shared parameter includes a first sequence generation parameter.

22. The method according to claim 21, wherein, The first phase adjustment parameter is calculated based on a first sequence, and the first sequence is calculated based on the first sequence generation parameter.

23. The method according to any one of claims 14-15, 20-22, wherein The multiple sending devices are multiple access network devices, and the receiving device is a terminal.

24. The method according to any one of claims 14-22, wherein, The multiple sending devices are multiple terminals, and the receiving device is an access network device.

25. A receiving device, comprising: A first communication unit, configured to receive echo signals of multiple sensing signals, where the multiple sensing signals are generated by multiple sending devices based on multiple phase adjustment parameters and modulation symbols of the multiple sensing signals, the multiple phase adjustment parameters are calculated based on multiple shared parameters, and different shared parameters among the multiple shared parameters are shared by the receiving device and different sending devices.

26. The receiving device according to claim 25, wherein, The receiving device further comprises: A first processing unit, configured to obtain a sensing result based on the multiple phase adjustment parameters and the echo signals of the multiple sensing signals.

27. The receiving device according to claim 26, wherein, The first processing unit is configured to demodulate the echo signals of the multiple sensing signals based on each phase adjustment parameter among the multiple phase adjustment parameters and the modulation symbol of each sensing signal, to obtain a channel estimation value between each sending device and the receiving device; and obtain the sensing result based on the channel estimation value between each sending device and the receiving device.

28. The receiving device according to any one of claims 25-27, wherein, The multiple shared parameters include multiple shared keys, where different shared keys among the multiple shared keys are shared by the receiving device and different sending devices.

29. The receiving device according to claim 28, wherein, The multiple phase adjustment parameters are calculated based on multiple sequences, and the multiple sequences are one of the following: multiple key streams calculated based on the multiple shared keys; Multiple hash sequences calculated based on the multiple shared keys; Multiple random sequences calculated based on the multiple shared keys.

30. The receiving device according to claim 28 or 29, wherein, The multiple shared keys are one of the following: Multiple security keys, where different security keys are one of the following between the receiving device and different sending devices: an access layer key, an access layer security base key, a physical layer key; calculated based on the multiple security keys.

31. The receiving device according to claim 28 or 29, wherein, The multiple shared keys are calculated based on a first key between the receiving device and the core network device.

32. The receiving device according to claim 31, wherein, The multiple shared keys are calculated based on the first key and multiple first parameters, where different first parameters among the multiple first parameters include identifiers of different sending devices.

33. The receiving device according to claim 28 or 29, wherein, The multiple shared keys are configured.

34. The receiving device according to any one of claims 25-27, wherein, The multiple shared parameters include multiple sequence generation parameters, wherein different sequence generation parameters among the multiple sequence generation parameters are shared by different transmitting devices and the receiving device.

35. The receiving device according to claim 34, wherein, The multiple phase adjustment parameters are calculated based on multiple sequences, and the multiple sequences are calculated based on the multiple sequence generation parameters.

36. The receiving device according to any one of claims 25-35, wherein, The multiple transmitting devices are multiple access network devices, and the receiving device is a terminal.

37. The receiving device according to any one of claims 25-30, 33-35, wherein, The multiple transmitting devices are multiple terminals, and the receiving device is an access network device.

38. A first transmitting device, comprising: A second communication unit, configured to transmit a first sensing signal, wherein the first sensing signal is generated based on a first phase adjustment parameter and a modulation symbol corresponding to the first sensing signal, and the first phase adjustment parameter is calculated based on a first shared parameter shared by the first transmitting device and a receiving device.

39. The first transmitting device according to claim 38, wherein, The first sensing signal is one of multiple sensing signals, and different sensing signals among the multiple sensing signals are transmitted by different transmitting devices and have the same transmission time domain range.

40. The first transmitting device according to claim 38 or 39, wherein, The first shared parameter includes a first shared key.

41. The first transmitting device according to claim 40, wherein, The first phase adjustment parameter is calculated based on a first sequence, and the first sequence is one of the following: a first key stream calculated based on the first shared key; a first hash sequence calculated based on the first shared key; a first random sequence calculated based on the first shared key.

42. The first transmitting device according to claim 40 or 41, wherein, The first shared key is one of the following: A first security key, wherein the first security key is one of the following: a first access stratum key, a first access stratum security base key, a first physical layer key; and is calculated based on the first security key.

43. The first transmitting device according to claim 40 or 41, wherein The first shared key is calculated based on a second key between the first transmitting device and a core network device.

44. The first transmitting device according to claim 40 or 41, wherein, The first shared key is configured.

45. The first transmitting device according to claim 38 or 39, wherein, The first shared parameter includes a first sequence generation parameter.

46. The first transmitting device according to claim 45, wherein, The first phase adjustment parameter is calculated based on a first sequence, and the first sequence is calculated based on the first sequence generation parameter.

47. The first transmitting device according to any one of claims 38-39, 44-46, wherein, The multiple transmitting devices are multiple access network devices, and the receiving device is a terminal.

48. The first transmitting device according to any one of claims 38-46, wherein, The multiple transmitting devices are multiple terminals, and the receiving device is an access network device.

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