Compositions and methods for treating cancer
The use of berberine ursodeoxycholate (BUDC) and combinations of berberine (BBR) and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) offers a novel approach to treating colorectal cancer, overcoming the limitations of current therapies by providing effective and safe treatment options.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/139706
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2023-12-18
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-16
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-26
AI Technical Summary
Current treatments for colorectal cancer are associated with limitations such as systemic toxicity, unsatisfying response rates, and drug resistance, highlighting the need for novel and effective therapeutic options.
The use of berberine ursodeoxycholate (BUDC), as well as combinations of berberine (BBR) and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), for treating colorectal cancer, either as monotherapy or in combination with other agents, to provide a safer and more effective treatment option.
The administration of BUDC, BBR, and UDCA has shown promise in preclinical studies by effectively inhibiting tumorigenesis, improving survival rates, and maintaining safety with minimal toxicity, addressing the limitations of existing treatments.
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Figure CN2024139706_26062025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR TREATING CANCERPriority Claims and Related Patent Applications
[0001] This application claims the benefit of priority to PCT International Application No. PCT / CN2023 / 139556, filed December 18, 2023, the entire content of which is incorporated herein by reference.Technical Field of the Invention
[0002] The invention generally relates to pharmaceutical compositions and methods for therapeutic uses thereof. In particular, the invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions and methods of use of berberine ursodeoxycholate (BUDC) for treating colorectal cancer or a related disease and condition, as monotherapy or in combination therapy with other agents or as an adjuvant. The invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions and methods of use of berberine (BBR) and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) for treating colorectal cancer or a related disease and condition, as monotherapy or in combination therapy with other agents or as an adjuvant. The invention further still relates to pharmaceutical compositions and methods of use of UDCA for treating colorectal cancer or a related disease and condition, as monotherapy or in combination therapy with other agents or as an adjuvant.Background of the Invention
[0003] Colorectal cancer (CRC) , sometimes referred to as colon cancer, is a disease in which cells in the colon (large intestine) or rectum grow out of control. Most colorectal cancers are adenocarcinomas and start in cells that make mucus to lubricate the inside of the colon and rectum. Common symptoms of colorectal cancers include diarrhea, constipation, blood in the stool, abdominal pain, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, and low iron levels.
[0004] CRC is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The risk of colorectal cancer increases with age. In 2020, more than 1.9 million new cases of colorectal cancer and more than 930,000 deaths due to colorectal cancer were estimated to have occurred worldwide. By 2040, the burden of colorectal cancer is expected to reach 3.2 million new cases per year (an increase of 63%) and 1.6 million deaths per year (an increase of 73%) .
[0005] Treatment options for colorectal cancer, including surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy, are employed based on the type and progression of the cancer and the patient’s medical history. While available therapies have provided valuable help to patients suffering from CRC, existing treatments are associated with various limitations, such as systemic toxicity, unsatisfying response rate, drug resistance, etc.
[0006] Currently available therapeutics for CRC remain inadequate. An urgent need remains for novel therapeutics and treatment methods that are safe and effective against CRC.Summary of the Invention
[0007] The invention provides novel therapeutic compositions and methods of use for treating CRC or a related disease or condition.
[0008] In one aspect, the invention generally relates to a method for treating colorectal cancer, or a related disease or condition, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of BUDC.
[0009] In another aspect, the invention generally relates to use of BUDC for the manufacture of a medicament for treatment of colorectal cancer, or a related disease or condition.
[0010] In yet another aspect, the invention generally relates to use of BUDC for treating colorectal cancer, or a related disease or condition.
[0011] In yet another aspect, the invention generally relates to a unit dosage form for use in treating colorectal cancer, or a related disease or condition, comprising a therapeutically effective amount of BUDC.
[0012] In yet another aspect, the invention generally relates to a method for treating colorectal cancer, or a related disease or condition, comprising administering to a subject in need there of a therapeutically effective amount of BBR, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a therapeutically effective amount of UDCA, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:
[0013] In yet another aspect, the invention generally relates to use of BBR, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and UDCA, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for the manufacture of a medicament for treatment of colorectal cancer, or a related disease or condition.
[0014] In yet another aspect, the invention generally relates to use of BBR, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and UDCA, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for treating colorectal cancer, or a related disease or condition.
[0015] In yet another aspect, the invention generally relates to a unit dosage form for use in treating colorectal cancer, or a related disease or condition, comprising therapeutically effective amounts of BBR, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and UDCA, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
[0016] In yet another aspect, the invention generally relates to a method for treating colorectal cancer, or a related disease or condition, comprising administering to a subject in need there of a therapeutically effective amount of UDCA, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
[0017] In yet another aspect, the invention generally relates to UDCA, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for the manufacture of a medicament for treatment of colorectal cancer, or a related disease or condition.
[0018] In yet another aspect, the invention generally relates to a unit dosage form for use in treating colorectal cancer, or a related disease or condition, comprising a therapeutically effective amount of UDCA, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.Brief Description of the Drawings
[0019] FIG. 1. Schematics on the experimental procedure for the AOM / DSS model.
[0020] FIG. 2. Body weight measurements (Mean ± SEM, n=9-12) .
[0021] FIG. 3. Food intake measurements (Mean ± SEM, n=9-12) .
[0022] FIG. 4. Overall survival rate.
[0023] FIG. 5. Colorectal morphology on Day 77.
[0024] FIG. 6. Colorectal length of the mice from different groups on Day 77 (*p<0.05 vs Model Control, “ns” means not significant and not achieve statistical significance) .
[0025] FIG. 7. Number of tumors in the colorectal from different groups on Day 77. (***p<0.001 vs Model Control, “ns” means not significant and not achieve statistical significance) .
[0026] FIG. 8. The tumor loading of the colorectal from different groups on Day 77 (***p<0.001 vs Model Control; “ns” means not significant and not achieve statistical significance) .
[0027] FIG. 9. Representative photo of colorectal morphology of the mice from different treatments.
[0028] FIG. 10. Representative images of colorectum from each group (HE staining, × Scale bars, 100 μm) .
[0029] FIG. 11. Biochemical features of serum from each group ( “ns” means not significant and not achieve statistical significance) .Detailed Description of the Invention
[0030] The invention is based in part on the unexpected discovery of novel therapeutic compositions and methods of use for treating CRC. In particular, berberine ursodeoxycholate (BUDC) , as well as combinations of berberine (BBR) and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) , may be used for treatment of CRC, or a related disease or condition.
[0031] BUDC is an ionic salt of BBR and UDCA, represented by The compound was disclosed in WO 2016 / 015634 A1 (PCT / CN2015 / 085350) and WO 2018 / 205987 A1 (PCT / CN2018 / 086461) , the content of each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. BUDC is currently under investigation for the treatment of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) , primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) . BUDC is an ionic salt formed between BBR and UDCA with 1: 1 stoichiometry and showed unique physico-chemical properties including enhanced bioavailability of BBR within the gut.
[0032] Efficacy demonstrated previously in non-clinical and clinical studies of BUDC include: improving glucose homeostasis, positively regulating lipoprotein metabolism, attenuating cholestatic liver and bile duct injury, anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic actions, and beneficial effects on gut microbiome.
[0033] UDCA, a.k.a ursodiol, is a secondary bile acid, produced in humans and most other species from metabolism by intestinal bacteria. UDCA has no measurable toxicity. It has been studied in connection with animal models of neurodegenerative diseases, including Huntington’s, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson’s, and Alzheimer’s disease.
[0034] BBR is an isoquinoline alkaloid and has been used for digestive ailments including travelers diarrhea. BBR has broad-spectrum activities with multiple modes of action. Previous studies on berberine reported that it exhibited antiviral, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective benefits, as well as in reduction of oxidative stress.
[0035] In one aspect, the invention generally relates to a method for treating colorectal cancer, or a related disease or condition, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of BUDC.
[0036] In certain embodiments, the colorectal cancer is colon cancer. In certain embodiments, the colorectal cancer is rectal cancer.
[0037] In certain embodiments of the methods disclosed herein, BUDC is administered at a daily dosage in the range of about 0.1 mg to about 3,000 mg (e.g., about 1 mg to about 3,000 mg, about 10 mg to about 3,000 mg, about 50 mg to about 3,000 mg, about 100 mg to about 3,000 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 2,000 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 1,000 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 500 mg, about 1 mg to about 2,000 mg, about 1 mg to about 1,000 mg, about 1 mg to about 500 mg, about 500 mg to about 2,000 mg) for a time period of about 1 to about 24 weeks (e.g., about 1 to about 16 weeks, about 4 to about 12 weeks, about 8 to about 24 weeks ) or for long term use.
[0038] In another aspect, the invention generally relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising BUDC disclosed herein and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, carrier, or diluent.
[0039] In yet another aspect, the invention generally relates to use of BUDC for the manufacture of a medicament for treatment of colorectal cancer, or a related disease or condition.
[0040] In yet another aspect, the invention generally relates to use of BUDC for treating colorectal cancer, or a related disease or condition.
[0041] In yet another aspect, the invention generally relates to a unit dosage form for use in treating colorectal cancer, or a related disease or condition, comprising a therapeutically effective amount of BUDC.
[0042] In certain embodiments, the unit dosage form is a tablet. In certain embodiments, the unit dosage form is a capsule.
[0043] Various solid and crystalline forms of BUDC may be employed in the invention disclosed herein.
[0044] In certain embodiments, Form A of BUDC, having an X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern comprising one or more peaks at 2θ values selected from the group consisting of: 3.98, 7.06, 7.34, 7.93, 8.79, 9.47, 11.70, 11.94, 12.34, 12.55, 13.90, 14.17, 15.14, 15.50, 16.16, 16.54, 16.78, 17.53, 17.67, 18.23, 19.03, 19.98, 20.87, 21.13, 21.96, 23.49, 24.24, 24.97, 25.50, 26.63, 27.60, 28.06, 28.63, 29.40 and 30.49° (± 0.2°) obtained using Cu Kα radiation ( intensity ratio λ2 / λ1 = 0.50) , is employed.
[0045] In certain embodiments, Form B of BUDC, having an X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern comprising one or more peaks at 2θ values selected from the group consisting of: 7.39, 9.31, 12.41, 13.14, 14.37, 14.76, 15.53, 18.65, 21.79, 22.87, 25.27, 25.53 and 28.12° (±0.2°) obtained using Cu Kα radiation ( intensity ratio λ2 / λ1 = 0.50) , is employed.
[0046] In certain embodiments, Form C of BUDC, having an X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern comprising one or more peaks at 2θ values selected from the group consisting of: 7.23, 10.42, 12.10, 13.37, 14.24, 14.48, 15.28, 15.95, 17.00, 18.17, 20.12, 21.77 and 25.47° (± 0.2°) obtained using Cu Kα radiation ( intensity ratio λ2 / λ1 = 0.50) , is employed.
[0047] In certain embodiments, Form D of BUDC, having an X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern comprising one or more peaks at 2θ values selected from the group consisting of: 4.24, 6.79, 8.50, 10.25, 11.50, 13.62, 14.74, 15.20, 17.92, 18.39, 22.91 and 25.73° (± 0.2°) obtained using Cu Kα radiation ( intensity ratio λ2 / λ1 = 0.50) , is employed.
[0048] In certain embodiments, Form E of BUDC, having an X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern comprising one or more peaks at 2θ values selected from the group consisting of: 8.59, 10.55, 11.36, 11.86, 12.46, 13.08, 13.38, 14.34, 15.57, 17.24, 17.72, 18.43, 19.66, 19.84, 20.35, 20.91, 21.36, 21.95, 23.21, 24.67, 25.04, 25.82, 26.12, 27.01, 27.84, 28.97, 30.35, 33.33, 34.54 and 36.06° (± 0.2°) obtained using Cu Kα radiation ( intensity ratio λ2 / λ1 = 0.50) , is employed.
[0049] In certain embodiments, Form H of BUDC, having an X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern comprising one or more peaks at 2θ values selected from the group consisting of: 13.05, 14.63 and 25.46° (± 0.2°) obtained using Cu Kα radiation ( intensity ratio λ2 / λ1 = 0.50) , is employed.
[0050] In certain embodiments, Form I of BUDC, having an X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern comprising one or more peaks at 2θ values selected from the group consisting of: 4.19, 7.64, 10.03, 13.32, 13.84, 14.83, 16.73, 22.73, 25.61 and 28.57° (± 0.2°) obtained using Cu Kα radiation ( intensity ratio λ2 / λ1 = 0.50) , is employed.
[0051] In certain embodiments, Form J of BUDC, having an X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern comprising one or more peaks at 2θ values selected from the group consisting of: 4.61, 6.32, 7.38, 8.22, 9.21, 10.57, 11.73, 12.13, 12.62, 12.96, 13.87, 14.55, 14.78, 15.81, 16.48, 17.69, 18.39, 19.01, 20.06, 21.25, 22.13, 23.20, 24.47, 24.89, 26.31, 27.98, 30.25 and 33.35° (± 0.2°) obtained using Cu Kα radiation ( intensity ratio λ2 / λ1 = 0.50) , is employed.
[0052] In certain embodiments, Form P of BUDC, having an X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern comprising one or more peaks at 2θ values selected from the group consisting of: 3.11, 5.01, 5.78, 7.26, 9.20, 10.10, 10.79, 11.65, 13.70, 14.59, 15.22, 16.19, 16.54, 17.05, 18.06, 18.68, 20.52, 21.09, 21.73, 22.49, 24.73, 25.42, 25.94 and 30.11° (± 0.2°) obtained using Cu Kα radiation ( intensity ratio λ2 / λ1 = 0.50) , is employed.
[0053] In certain embodiments, Form W of BUDC, having an X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern comprising one or more peaks at 2θ values selected from the group consisting of: 6.49, 7.16, 8.51, 10.21, 12.01, 13.13, 13.90, 14.42, 15.18, 15.57, 16.03, 16.45, 16.74, 17.08, 17.85, 18.39, 19.61, 20.43, 21.39, 21.70, 23.51 and 25.21° (± 0.2°) obtained using Cu Kαradiation ( intensity ratio λ2 / λ1 = 0.50) , is employed.
[0054] In certain embodiments, Form X of BUDC, having an X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern comprising one or more peaks at 2θ values selected from the group consisting of: 3.63, 6.61, 7.24, 10.49, 11.95, 13.51, 14.26, 14.54, 15.14, 16.01, 16.82, 18.28, 20.26, 21.08, 21.49, 21.90, 25.60, 26.40, 27.31, 29.34, 30.59, 31.01, 34.04, 34.68 and 36.91° (± 0.2°) obtained using Cu Kα radiation ( intensity ratio λ2 / λ1 = 0.50) , is employed.
[0055] In certain embodiments, the solid or crystalline form (e.g., Form A of BUDC) is a hydrate of BUDC. In certain embodiments, the solid or crystalline form (e.g., Form A of BUDC) is a hemi-nonahydrate of BUDC.
[0056] In certain embodiments, the solid or crystalline form (e.g., Form A of BUDC) is crystalline. In certain embodiments, the crystalline form is characterized in a monoclinic crystal system and P21 space group. In certain embodiments of the crystalline form, each unit cell contains two asymmetric units and there are two BBR cations, two UDCA anions and nine H2O molecules per asymmetric unit, and four BBR cations, four UDCA anions and eighteen H2O molecules per unit cell.
[0057] In yet another aspect, the invention generally relates to a method for treating colorectal cancer, or a related disease or condition, comprising administering to a subject in need there of a therapeutically effective amount of BBR, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a therapeutically effective amount of UDCA, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
[0058] In certain embodiments, the colorectal cancer is colon cancer. In certain embodiments, the colorectal cancer is rectal cancer.
[0059] In certain embodiments of the methods disclosed herein, the total amount of BBR and UDCA are administered at a daily dosage in the range of about 0.1 mg to about 3,000 mg (e.g., about 1 mg to about 3,000 mg, about 10 mg to about 3,000 mg, about 50 mg to about 3,000 mg, about 100 mg to about 3,000 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 2,000 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 1,000 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 500 mg, about 1 mg to about 2,000 mg, about 1 mg to about 1,000 mg, about 1 mg to about 500 mg, about 500 mg to about 2,000 mg) for a time period of about 1 to about 24 weeks (e.g., about 1 to about 16 weeks, about 4 to about 12 weeks, about 8 to about 24 weeks) or for long term use.
[0060] In certain embodiments, the weight ratio of BBR to UDCA is in the range of about 3: 1 to about 1: 3 (e.g., 2: 1 to 1: 3, 1: 1 to 1: 3, 3: 1 to 1: 2, 3: 1 to 1: 1, about 1: 1) .
[0061] In yet another aspect, the invention generally relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising BBR and UDCA disclosed herein and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, carrier, or diluent.
[0062] In yet another aspect, the invention generally relates to use of BBR, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and UDCA, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for the manufacture of a medicament for treatment of colorectal cancer, or a related disease or condition.
[0063] In yet another aspect, the invention generally relates to use of BBR, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and UDCA, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for treating colorectal cancer, or a related disease or condition.
[0064] In yet another aspect, the invention generally relates to a unit dosage form for use in treating colorectal cancer, or a related disease or condition, comprising therapeutically effective amounts of BBR, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and UDCA, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
[0065] In certain embodiments, the unit dosage form is a tablet. In certain embodiments, the unit dosage form is a capsule.
[0066] In yet another aspect, the invention generally relates to a method for treating colorectal cancer, or a related disease or condition, comprising administering to a subject in need there of a therapeutically effective amount of UDCA, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
[0067] In yet another aspect, the invention generally relates to UDCA, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for the manufacture of a medicament for treatment of colorectal cancer, or a related disease or condition.
[0068] In yet another aspect, the invention generally relates to a unit dosage form for use in treating colorectal cancer, or a related disease or condition, comprising a therapeutically effective amount of UDCA, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
[0069] In certain embodiments of the methods herein, the subject being treated is further administered one or more of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy.
[0070] In certain embodiments, the subject is administered a chemotherapy agent.
[0071] In certain embodiments, the subject is administered radiotherapy.
[0072] In certain embodiments, the subject is administered a targeted therapy.
[0073] In certain embodiments, the subject is administered an immunotherapy.
[0074] Chemotherapy is a type of cancer treatment where one or more anti-cancer drugs are administered to patients to kill fast-growing cancer cells. Typically given by injection into a vein or taken by mouth, chemotherapy is often used to treat colorectal cancer. Current chemotherapy includes both single-agent therapy, which is mainly fluoropyrimidine (5-FU) -based, and multiple-agent regimens containing two or more agents, including oxaliplatin (OX) , irinotecan (IRI) , and capecitabine (CAP or XELODA or XEL) . (Shinji et al. 2022 J Nippon Med Sch. 89 (3) : 246-254; Xie, et al. 2020 Sig Transduct Target Ther 5, 22. )
[0075] Radiation therapy is a type of cancer treatment using high-energy rays (such as x-rays) or particles to destroy cancer cells. It's more often used to treat rectal cancer than colon cancer. For some colon and rectal cancers, treating with chemotherapy at the same time can make radiation therapy work better. Types of radiation therapy include external-beam radiation therapy (EBRT) , internal radiation therapy (brachytherapy) , and Radioembolization.
[0076] Targeted therapies are treatment options that targets cancer specific genes, proteins or the tissue environment that contributes to cancer growth and survival. This type of treatment blocks the growth and spread of cancer cells and limits damage to healthy cells. Several types of targeted drugs have been used to treat colorectal cancer, such as anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapies (e.g., bevacizumab, Zivaflibercept, ramucirumab, and regorafenib) and anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) drugs (e.g., cetuximab and panitumumab) .
[0077] Cancer immunotherapies are deigned to prompt the memory function of the adaptive immune system and trigger the immune system against tumors to achieve long-term durable responses. Cancer immunotherapies immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) , modulating the interaction of T cells, antigens-presenting cells (APCs) and tumor cells to help unleash suppressed immune responses. Examples include pembrolizumab and nivolumab (with or without Ipilimumab) . (Johdi et al. 2020 Front Immunol. 11: 1624; Ganesh et al. 2019 Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 16 (6) : 361-375; Fan et al. 2021 Int J Biol Sci. 17 (14) : 3837-3849. )
[0078] Possible formulations include those suitable for oral, sublingual, buccal, parenteral (for example, subcutaneous, intramuscular, or intravenous) , rectal, topical including transdermal, intranasal and inhalation administration. Most suitable means of administration for a particular patient will depend on the nature and severity of the disease or condition being treated or the nature of the therapy being used and on the nature of the active compound.
[0079] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. General principles of organic chemistry, as well as specific functional moieties and reactivity, are described in “Organic Chemistry” , Thomas Sorrell, University Science Books, Sausalito: 2006.
[0080] As used herein, the term “effective amount” of an active agent refers to an amount sufficient to elicit the desired biological response. As will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in this art, the effective amount of a compound of the invention may vary depending on such factors as the desired biological endpoint, the pharmacokinetics of the compound, the disease being treated, the mode of administration, and the patient.
[0081] As used herein, the term “treating” , “reducing” , or “preventing” a disease or disorder” refers to ameliorating such a condition before or after it has occurred. As compared with an equivalent untreated control, such reduction or degree of prevention is at least 5%, 10%, 20%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 100%as measured by any standard technique.
[0082] As used herein, the term “pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, carrier, or diluent” refers to a pharmaceutically acceptable material, composition or vehicle, such as a liquid or solid filler, diluent, excipient, solvent or encapsulating material, involved in carrying or transporting the subject pharmaceutical agent from one organ, or portion of the body, to another organ, or portion of the body. Each carrier must be "acceptable"in the sense of being compatible with the other ingredients of the formulation and not injurious to the patient. Some examples of materials which can serve as pharmaceutically-acceptable carriers include: sugars, such as lactose, glucose and sucrose; starches, such as corn starch and potato starch; cellulose, and its derivatives, such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose and cellulose acetate; powdered tragacanth; malt; gelatin; talc; excipients, such as cocoa butter and suppository waxes; oils, such as peanut oil, cottonseed oil, safflower oil, sesame oil, olive oil, corn oil and soybean oil; glycols, such as propylene glycol; polyols, such as glycerin, sorbitol, mannitol and polyethylene glycol; esters, such as ethyl oleate and ethyl laurate; agar; buffering agents, such as magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide; alginic acid; pyrogen-free water; isotonic saline; Ringer's solution; ethyl alcohol; phosphate buffer solutions; and other non-toxic compatible substances employed in pharmaceutical formulations. Wetting agents, emulsifiers and lubricants, such as sodium lauryl sulfate, magnesium stearate, and polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer as well as coloring agents, release agents, coating agents, sweetening, flavoring and perfuming agents, preservatives and antioxidants can also be present in the compositions.
[0083] As used herein, the term “subject” refers to any animal (e.g., a mammal) , including, but not limited to humans, non-human primates, rodents, and the like, which is to be the recipient of a particular treatment. Typically, the terms “subject” and “patient” are used interchangeably herein in reference to a human subject.
[0084] Compounds of the present invention are, subsequent to their preparation, preferably isolated and purified to obtain a composition containing an amount by weight equal to or greater than 95% ( “substantially pure” ) , which is then used or formulated as described herein. In certain embodiments, the compounds of the present invention are more than 99%pure.
[0085] The following examples are meant to be illustrative of the practice of the invention, and not limiting in any way. Examples Animal Experiments
[0086] 8-week-old male C57BL / 6J mice were used in animal experiments and acclimatization for 7 days before randomization for study.
[0087] The mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: normal control (Ctrl) , model (Model) , HTD1801 (HTD1801) and physical mixture (Mix) treatment groups, with n=12 per group. For the model group, HTD1801 and physical mixture treatment groups, the mice were intraperitoneally injected with azoxymethane (AOM) (10 μg / g) (Day 0 was defined as the day of AOM injection) . The animals were then fed with normal drinking water from Day 0 to Day 6, followed by drinking water supplemented with 1%dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS) from Day 7 and lasted for 7 days, which is the first 14-day cycle. Since Day 14 the drinking water was replaced with normal water and a new 14-day cycle was started. The above 14-day cycle was performed 3 times in total, and then replaced with normal water whereafter to the end of the study. From Day 63, the model group animals developed blood in feces and death, and the experiment was terminated on Day 77. In the normal control group, the mice were injected with the same amount of solvent for AOM and served with normal drinking water during the whole experiment period.
[0088] Treatment was started on Day 1 after AOM injection and continued until the end of the experiment on Day 77. The mice were intragastric administration once a day with vehicle of 0.5%CMC-Na for Ctrl and Model groups, 200 mg / kg HTD1801 for HTD1801 group and physical mixture of UDCA and BBR-Cl (BBR-Cl: 100 mg / kg + UDCA: 100 mg / kg) for Mix group, respectively. (FIG. 1) .
[0089] Body weight and food intake were recorded once a week throughout the experiment. At the end of experiment, blood samples were collected for each mouse after anesthetization, and the serum was separated and used for the detection of the level of alanine transaminase (ALT) , aspartate aminotransferase (AST) , Urea, and Creatinine (Cre. ) . The colorectums were collected and measured for length, tumor number and tumor loading before fixing in 4%paraformaldehyde. After fixation, the colorectums were used for preparation of pathological sections and then stained with Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) . Histopathology evaluation was carried out in a blinded state by an experienced pathologist. All Data were expressed as mean ± standard error of mean (SEM) and analyzed using the GraphPad Prism 9 software. The statistical significances amongst different groups were compared with one-way ANOVA. Statistically significance was accepted at P<0.05 level (*) , P<0.01 level (**) , P<0.001 level (***) , P>0.05 level (ns) . Outliers were identified with ROUT (Q = 1%) method, and all outliers were excluded before any calculation or analysis. ResultsClinical observation, body weight and food intake
[0090] The mice of model group didn’ t show obvious body weight loss until the third cycle supplemented with 1%DSS. A few animals showed a perianal mass from Day 63. Moreover, the model group developed blood in feces and death occurred. Gross necropsy of dead animals showed that all feces in the rectum contained blood, and when cut longitudinally, tumor was obvious by macroscopic observation. The experiment was terminated on Day 77.
[0091] Animals in the HTD1801 and physical mixture treatment groups showed obvious decrease in body weight on Day 28, and remained stable in body weight until the termination of the experiment (FIG. 2) . As compared to the normal control group, the food intake was lower in model control group, as well as in the HTD1801 and physical mixture treatment groups (FIG. 3) . Compared with the model group, HTD1801 and physical mixture treatment increased the overall survival rate of the animals (FIG. 4) .Colorectal Length
[0092] Compared with the normal control group, colorectal length in the model control group decreased significantly (p< 0.05) , same as the HTD1801 and physical mixture treatment groups. However, there was no statistical difference between HTD1801 or physical mixture treatment group and model control group (FIGs. 5 and 6) .Tumor number and tumor loading
[0093] Compared with the model group, colorectal tumor number and colorectal tumor loading were decreased in both of the HTD1801 and physical mixture treatment groups with the HTD1801 group achieved statistical difference (p<0.001) , demonstrating that HTD1801 achieved inhibition of tumorigenesis on CRC mice model (FIGs. 7 and 8) .Colorectal morphology
[0094] As compared to the normal control group, intestinal wall of the model group was significantly thickened, which may indicate that the permeability of the intestinal was altered. Compared to the model group, the intestinal wall in the HTD1801 group was thinner and close to the state of the wall in normal control group (FIG. 9) .HE staining
[0095] As compared to the normal control group, tumors in the model group were obvious and serious. Tumors had invaded the muscularis of the colorectal mucosa and reached the submucosa, which may be considered as the histologic features of CRC. Compared to the model group, tumors in the HTD1801 and physical mixture treatment groups were significantly alleviated and the tissue morphology improved to the state similar with the normal group (FIG. 10) , which is consistent with the macroscopic observation in FIG. 9.Biochemical Features of Serum
[0096] Compared to the normal control group, the biochemical features in the serum did not significantly change in the model group. In addition, as compared to the model group, there were no significant changes in neither the HTD1801 nor the physical mixture treatment group, which confirmed the safety of these treatments (FIG. 11) .
[0097] Applicant’s disclosure is described herein in preferred embodiments with reference to the Figures, in which like numbers represent the same or similar elements. Reference throughout this specification to “one embodiment, ” “an embodiment, ” or similar language means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, appearances of the phrases “in one embodiment, ” “in an embodiment, ” and similar language throughout this specification may, but do not necessarily, all refer to the same embodiment.
[0098] The described features, structures, or characteristics of Applicant’s disclosure may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the description, herein, numerous specific details are recited to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the invention. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that Applicant’s composition and / or method may be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other methods, components, materials, and so forth. In other instances, well-known structures, materials, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the disclosure.
[0099] In this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a, " "an, " and "the" include plural reference, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
[0100] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. Although any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can also be used in the practice or testing of the present disclosure, the preferred methods and materials are now described. Methods recited herein may be carried out in any order that is logically possible, in addition to a particular order disclosed. Incorporation by Reference
[0101] References and citations to other documents, such as patents, patent applications, patent publications, journals, books, papers, web contents, have been made in this disclosure. All such documents are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entirety for all purposes. Any material, or portion thereof, that is said to be incorporated by reference herein, but which conflicts with existing definitions, statements, or other disclosure material explicitly set forth herein is only incorporated to the extent that no conflict arises between that incorporated material and the present disclosure material. In the event of a conflict, the conflict is to be resolved in favor of the present disclosure as the preferred disclosure. Equivalents
[0102] The representative examples disclosed herein are intended to help illustrate the invention, and are not intended to, nor should they be construed to, limit the scope of the invention. Indeed, various modifications of the invention and many further embodiments thereof, in addition to those shown and described herein, will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the full contents of this document, including the examples which follow and the references to the scientific and patent literature cited herein. The above examples contain important additional information, exemplification and guidance that can be adapted to the practice of this invention in its various embodiments and equivalents thereof.
Claims
1.A method for treating colorectal cancer, or a related disease or condition, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of berberine ursodeoxycholate (BUDC) : 2.The method of claim 1, wherein the colorectal cancer is colon cancer.3.The method of claim 1, wherein the colorectal cancer is rectal cancer.4.The method of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the subject is administered about 1 mg / day to about 3,000 mg / day of BUDC.5.[Corrected under Rule 26, 20.01.2025]A method for treating colorectal cancer, or a related disease or condition, comprising administering to a subject in need there of a therapeutically effective amount of berberine (BBR) , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a therapeutically effective amount of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.6.The method of claim 5, wherein the colorectal cancer is colon cancer.7.The method of claim 5, wherein the colorectal cancer is rectal cancer.8.The method of any one of claims 5-7, wherein the subject is administered about 1 mg / day to about 3000 mg / day of mixture of BBR and DUCA.9.The method of claim 8, wherein the weight ratio of BBR to UDCA is in the range of about 3: 1 to about 1: 3.10.[Corrected under Rule 26, 20.01.2025]A method for treating colorectal cancer, or a related disease or condition, comprising administering to a subject in need there of a therapeutically effective amount of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.11.The method of claim 10, wherein the colorectal cancer is colon cancer.12.The method of claim 10, wherein the colorectal cancer is rectal cancer.13.The method of any one of claims 1-12, wherein the subject being treated is further administered one or more of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy.14.The method of claim 13, wherein the subject is administered a chemotherapy agent.15.The method of claim 13, wherein the subject is administered radiotherapy.16.Use of BUDC for the manufacture of a medicament for treatment of colorectal cancer, or a related disease or condition.17.Use of BUDC for treating colorectal cancer, or a related disease or condition.18.Use of BBR, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and UDCA, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for the manufacture of a medicament for treatment of colorectal cancer, or a related disease or condition.19.Use of BBR, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and UDCA, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for treating colorectal cancer, or a related disease or condition.20.A unit dosage form for use in treating colorectal cancer, or a related disease or condition, comprising a therapeutically effective amount of BUDC.21.A unit dosage form for use in treating colorectal cancer, or a related disease or condition, comprising therapeutically effective amounts of BBR, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and UDCA, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.22.A unit dosage form for use in treating colorectal cancer, or a related disease or condition, comprising a therapeutically effective amount of UDCA, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
Citation Information
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