Signal transmission method and apparatus, and storage medium

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a signal transmission method and apparatus, and a storage medium. The method comprises: based on a first set and / or a second set, determining a first physical random access channel PRACH sequence, a PRACH sequence comprised by the first set being used for a terrestrial communication system, and a PRACH sequence comprised by the second set being used for a non-terrestrial communication system; sending the first PRACH sequence to a network device. The present disclosure improves the reliability of PRACH sequence transmission, and improves the availability and reliability of non-terrestrial communication systems.

Description

Signal transmission method and device, and storage medium Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of communications, and in particular to a signal transmission method and device, and a storage medium. Background Art

[0002] In the research of wireless communication technology, satellite communication is considered an important aspect of the future development of wireless communication technology. Satellite communication, also known as non-terrestrial communication, refers to the communication between ground-based radio communication equipment and satellites as relays.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to improve the availability and reliability of non-terrestrial communication systems, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a signal transmission method and apparatus, and a storage medium.

[0005] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a signal transmission method is provided, including:

[0006] Determine a first physical random access channel (PRACH) sequence based on the first set and / or the second set; wherein the PRACH sequences included in the first set are used for a terrestrial communication system, and the PRACH sequences included in the second set are used for a non-terrestrial communication system;

[0007] Send the first PRACH sequence to a network device.

[0008] According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a signal transmission method is provided, including:

[0009] A first physical random access channel (PRACH) sequence sent by a receiving terminal is included, where the first PRACH sequence is a PRACH sequence determined by the terminal based on the first set and / or the second set; wherein the PRACH sequences included in the first set are used for a terrestrial communication system, and the PRACH sequences included in the second set are used for a non-terrestrial communication system.

[0010] According to a third aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a terminal is provided, including:

[0011] a processing module configured to determine a first physical random access channel (PRACH) sequence based on the first set and / or the second set; wherein the PRACH sequences included in the first set are used for a terrestrial communication system, and the PRACH sequences included in the second set are used for a non-terrestrial communication system;

[0012] The transceiver module is configured to send the first PRACH sequence to the network device.

[0013] According to a fourth aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a network device is provided, including:

[0014] The transceiver module is configured to receive a first physical random access channel (PRACH) sequence sent by the terminal, where the first PRACH sequence is a PRACH sequence determined by the terminal based on the first set and / or the second set; wherein the PRACH sequence included in the first set is used for a terrestrial communication system, and the PRACH sequence included in the second set is used for a non-terrestrial communication system.

[0015] According to a fifth aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a terminal is provided, including:

[0016] one or more processors;

[0017] The processor is used to execute the signal transmission method described in any one of the first aspects.

[0018] According to a sixth aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a network device is provided, including:

[0019] one or more processors;

[0020] The processor is used to execute the signal transmission method described in any one of the second aspects.

[0021] According to the seventh aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a communication system is provided, including a terminal and a network device, wherein the terminal is configured to implement the signal transmission method described in any one of the first aspects, and the network device is configured to implement the signal transmission method described in any one of the second aspects.

[0022] According to an eighth aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a storage medium is provided, which stores instructions, and is characterized in that when the instructions are executed on a communication device, the communication device executes the signal transmission method as described in any one of the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0023] In this embodiment of the present disclosure, a terminal can determine a first PRACH sequence based on the first set and / or the second set and send it to a network device. The PRACH sequences included in the first set are used in terrestrial communication systems, while the PRACH sequences included in the second set are used in non-terrestrial communication systems. This improves the reliability of PRACH sequence transmission and enhances the availability and reliability of non-terrestrial communication systems.

[0024] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0026] FIG1A is an exemplary schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] FIG1B is a schematic diagram of a scenario of timing offset provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] FIG1C is a schematic diagram of another scenario of timing offset provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0029] FIG2 is an exemplary interaction diagram of a signal transmission method provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] FIG3A is an exemplary interaction diagram of a signal transmission method provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0031] FIG3B is an exemplary interaction diagram of a signal transmission method provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0032] FIG4A is a schematic diagram of an exemplary interaction of a terminal provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0033] FIG4B is a schematic diagram of an exemplary interaction of a network device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0034] FIG5A is a schematic diagram of an exemplary interaction of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0035] FIG5B is an exemplary interaction diagram of a chip provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the following description, when referring to the drawings, like numbers in different figures represent like or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments are not intended to represent all possible embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present invention, as detailed in the appended claims.

[0037] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a signal transmission method and device, and a storage medium.

[0038] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a signal transmission method, including:

[0039] Determine a first physical random access channel (PRACH) sequence based on the first set and / or the second set; wherein the PRACH sequences included in the first set are used for a terrestrial communication system, and the PRACH sequences included in the second set are used for a non-terrestrial communication system;

[0040] Send the first PRACH sequence to a network device.

[0041] In the above embodiment, the terminal can determine a first PRACH sequence based on the first set and / or the second set and send it to the network device. The PRACH sequences included in the first set are used in terrestrial communication systems, and the PRACH sequences included in the second set are used in non-terrestrial communication systems. This improves the reliability of PRACH sequence transmission and the availability and reliability of non-terrestrial communication systems.

[0042] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, determining the first physical random access channel (PRACH) sequence based on the first set and / or the second set includes:

[0043] A PRACH sequence included in the first set is determined as the first PRACH sequence, where the first PRACH sequence is used for random access and uplink synchronization.

[0044] In the above embodiment, in the initial access scenario, the terminal may determine a PRACH sequence included in the first set as the first PRACH sequence, which has high availability.

[0045] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0046] In response to not receiving a random access response RAR message sent by the network device within the first time window, determining a PRACH sequence included in the second set as a second PRACH sequence, wherein the second PRACH sequence is used for random access and uplink synchronization;

[0047] Send the second PRACH sequence to the network device.

[0048] In the above embodiment, if, in the initial access scenario, the terminal does not receive a random access response (RAR) message sent by the network device within the first time window after sending the first PRACH sequence, a PRACH sequence included in the second set may be determined as the second PRACH sequence, and the second PRACH sequence may be sent to the network device. This improves the reliability of PRACH sequence transmission.

[0049] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, determining the first physical random access channel (PRACH) sequence based on the first set and / or the second set includes:

[0050] The network device belongs to a network device in the non-terrestrial communication system, and determines a PRACH sequence included in the second set as the first PRACH sequence, wherein the first PRACH sequence is used for random access and uplink synchronization.

[0051] In the above embodiment, in the initial access scenario, if the terminal determines that the network device belongs to the non-terrestrial communication system, it can directly determine a PRACH sequence included in the second set as the first PRACH sequence. This ensures the reliability of PRACH sequence transmission and improves the availability and reliability of the non-terrestrial communication system.

[0052] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0053] Based on the system message broadcast by the network device, it is determined that the network device belongs to a network device in a non-terrestrial communication system.

[0054] In the above embodiment, the terminal can determine that the network device belongs to a network device in a non-terrestrial communication system based on the system message broadcast by the network device. This is simple to implement and has high usability.

[0055] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, determining the first physical random access channel PRACH sequence based on the first set and / or the second set includes any one of the following:

[0056] Current GNSS information is available, and based on first indication information sent by the network device, the first PRACH sequence is determined, wherein the first PRACH sequence is used for uplink synchronization; wherein the first indication information is used to instruct the terminal to use one of the first set or one of the second set to initiate uplink synchronization;

[0057] The current GNSS information is unavailable, and a PRACH sequence included in the second set is determined as the first PRACH sequence, where the first PRACH sequence is used for uplink synchronization.

[0058] In the above embodiment, in a scenario where an RRC connection has been established, if the current GNSS information is available, the terminal can determine the first PRACH sequence based on the first indication information sent by the network device. If the current GNSS information is not available, the terminal can determine a PRACH sequence included in the second set as the first PRACH sequence. This improves the reliability of PRACH sequence transmission and improves the availability and reliability of non-terrestrial communication systems.

[0059] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0060] Receive resource configuration information sent by the network device; wherein the resource configuration information is used to configure at least one of the following:

[0061] PRACH sequences included in the second set;

[0062] Available resources of the PRACH sequences included in the second set.

[0063] In the above embodiment, the network device can configure the PRACH sequences included in the second set and / or the available resources of the PRACH sequences included in the second set through resource configuration information. The PRACH sequences in the second set are distinguished from the PRACH sequences in the first set, and the PRACH sequences in the second set are preferentially used in the non-terrestrial communication system, thereby improving the reliability of PRACH sequence transmission and improving the availability and reliability of the non-terrestrial communication system.

[0064] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0065] Receive second indication information sent by the network device; wherein the second indication information is used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0066] Determine a first PRACH sequence in the first set and the second set, and use the first PRACH sequence to initiate random access;

[0067] Send resources of the first PRACH.

[0068] In the above embodiment, the terminal can determine, based on the second indication information sent by the network device, that the first PRACH sequence is a PRACH sequence selected from the first set and / or the second set, and that the first PRACH sequence is used to initiate random access. Furthermore, the terminal can determine the resource for transmitting the first PRACH. This method is simple to implement and has high availability.

[0069] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0070] If the current GNSS information is available but has an error or is unavailable, at least a first timing advance (TA) value is adjusted to determine a total TA value; wherein the first TA value is a TA value corresponding to the serving link;

[0071] The sending the first PRACH sequence to the network device includes:

[0072] After performing a timing offset based on the total TA value, the first PRACH sequence is sent to the network device.

[0073] In the above embodiment, when the current GNSS information is available but contains errors or the current GNSS information is unavailable, the terminal can adjust at least the first TA value and determine a total TA value based on at least the adjusted first timing advance TA value, so as to send the first PRACH sequence to the network device after performing a timing offset based on the total TA value. In the case where the current GNSS information is available but contains errors or the current GNSS information is unavailable, the reliability of PRACH sequence transmission is improved, thereby improving the availability and reliability of the non-terrestrial communication system.

[0074] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, adjusting at least the first timing advance TA value to determine the total TA value includes:

[0075] The first PRACH sequence is used to initiate random access and uplink synchronization, and to determine an initial TA value of 0;

[0076] Determine that the adjusted first TA value is 0 or the first value;

[0077] The total TA value is determined based on the initial TA value, the adjusted first TA value, the second TA value, and the TA offset value; wherein the second TA value is the TA value corresponding to the feeder link.

[0078] In the above embodiment, in the initial access scenario, the terminal may determine the initial TA value as 0, and determine the adjusted first TA value as 0 or the first value, thereby determining the total TA value based on the initial TA value, the adjusted first TA value, the second TA value, and the TA offset value. This improves the reliability of PRACH sequence transmission when current GNSS information is available but contains errors or is unavailable, thereby improving the availability and reliability of non-terrestrial communication systems.

[0079] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0080] The first value is determined based on a system message broadcast by the network device.

[0081] In the above embodiment, the terminal may determine the first value based on the system message broadcast by the network device, thereby determining that the adjusted first TA value is the first value, which has high availability.

[0082] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, adjusting at least the first timing advance TA value to determine the total TA value includes:

[0083] The first PRACH sequence is used for uplink synchronization, the current GNSS information is available but has errors, an initial TA value is adjusted based on a first timing advance command TAC, and an adjusted initial TA value is determined; wherein the first TAC is a most recently received TAC;

[0084] Determining an adjusted first TA value based on the current satellite ephemeris information broadcast by the network device and the current GNSS information;

[0085] The total TA value is determined based on the adjusted initial TA value, the adjusted first TA value, the second TA value, and the TA offset value; wherein the second TA value is a TA value corresponding to the feeder link.

[0086] In the above embodiment, when an RRC connection has been established and current GNSS information is available but contains errors, the terminal can adjust the initial TA value based on the first timing advance command TAC to determine the adjusted initial TA value, and determine the adjusted first TA value based on the current satellite ephemeris information broadcast by the network device and the current GNSS information, and then determine the total TA value based on the adjusted initial TA value, the adjusted first TA value, the second TA value, and the TA offset value. In the case where current GNSS information is available but contains errors, the reliability of PRACH sequence transmission is improved, thereby improving the availability and reliability of non-terrestrial communication systems.

[0087] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, adjusting at least the first timing advance TA value to determine the total TA value includes:

[0088] The first PRACH sequence is used for uplink synchronization, the current GNSS information is unavailable, an initial TA value is adjusted based on a first TAC, and an adjusted initial TA value is determined; wherein the first TAC is a most recently received TAC;

[0089] Determining the adjusted first TA value;

[0090] The total TA value is determined based on the adjusted initial TA value, the adjusted first TA value, the second TA value, and the TA offset value; wherein the second TA value is a TA value corresponding to the feeder link.

[0091] In the above embodiment, when an RRC connection has been established and current GNSS information is unavailable, the terminal can adjust the initial TA value based on the first timing advance command TAC, determine the adjusted initial TA value, and determine the adjusted first TA value, and then determine the total TA value based on the adjusted initial TA value, the adjusted first TA value, the second TA value, and the TA offset value. In the case where current GNSS information is unavailable, the reliability of PRACH sequence transmission is improved, and the availability and reliability of non-terrestrial communication systems are improved.

[0092] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, determining the adjusted first TA value includes any one of the following:

[0093] Determine that the adjusted first TA value is 0;

[0094] Determining the adjusted first TA value based on first GNSS information and current satellite ephemeris information broadcast by the network device; wherein the first GNSS information is the most recently available GNSS information;

[0095] The adjusted first TA value is determined based on first GNSS information and satellite ephemeris information broadcast by the network device at a first time point; wherein the first GNSS information is the most recently available GNSS information, and the first time point is the time point when the first GNSS information is determined.

[0096] In the above embodiment, when the current GNSS information is unavailable, any of the above methods can be used to determine the adjusted first TA value, which is simple to implement and has high availability.

[0097] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a signal transmission method, including:

[0098] A first physical random access channel (PRACH) sequence sent by a receiving terminal is included, where the first PRACH sequence is a PRACH sequence determined by the terminal based on the first set and / or the second set; wherein the PRACH sequences included in the first set are used for a terrestrial communication system, and the PRACH sequences included in the second set are used for a non-terrestrial communication system.

[0099] In the above embodiment, the network device can receive a first physical random access channel (PRACH) sequence sent by a terminal. The first PRACH sequence is a PRACH sequence determined by the terminal based on the first set and the second set. This improves the reliability of PRACH sequence transmission and the availability and reliability of the non-terrestrial communication system.

[0100] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0101] Broadcasting system messages; wherein the system messages are used for at least one of the following:

[0102] Indicates that the network equipment belongs to a network equipment in a non-terrestrial communication system;

[0103] Determine a first value; wherein the first value is used to determine an adjusted first timing advance TA value, and the first TA value is a TA value corresponding to the service link.

[0104] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0105] Sending first indication information to the terminal; wherein the first indication information is used to instruct the terminal to use one of the first sets or one of the second sets to initiate uplink synchronization.

[0106] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0107] Send resource configuration information to the terminal, where the resource configuration information is used to configure at least one of the following:

[0108] PRACH sequences included in the second set;

[0109] Available resources of the PRACH sequences included in the second set.

[0110] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0111] Sending second indication information to the terminal, where the second indication information is used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0112] Determine a first PRACH sequence in the first set and the second set, and use the first PRACH sequence to initiate random access;

[0113] Send resources of the first PRACH.

[0114] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a terminal, including:

[0115] a processing module configured to determine a first physical random access channel (PRACH) sequence based on the first set and / or the second set; wherein the PRACH sequences included in the first set are used for a terrestrial communication system, and the PRACH sequences included in the second set are used for a non-terrestrial communication system;

[0116] The transceiver module is configured to send the first PRACH sequence to the network device.

[0117] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a network device, characterized by including:

[0118] The transceiver module is configured to receive a first physical random access channel (PRACH) sequence sent by the terminal, where the first PRACH sequence is a PRACH sequence determined by the terminal based on the first set and / or the second set; wherein the PRACH sequence included in the first set is used for a terrestrial communication system, and the PRACH sequence included in the second set is used for a non-terrestrial communication system.

[0119] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a terminal, including:

[0120] one or more processors;

[0121] The processor is used to execute the signal transmission method described in any one of the first aspects.

[0122] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a network device, including:

[0123] one or more processors;

[0124] The processor is used to execute the signal transmission method described in any one of the second aspects.

[0125] In the seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure proposes a communication system, including a terminal and a network device, wherein the terminal is configured to implement the signal transmission method described in any one of the first aspects, and the network device is configured to implement the signal transmission method described in any one of the second aspects.

[0126] In an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure proposes a storage medium storing instructions. When the instructions are executed on a communication device, the communication device executes the signal transmission method as described in any one of the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0127] It is understandable that the above-mentioned terminals, network devices, communication systems, storage media, and computer programs are all used to execute the methods proposed in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Therefore, the beneficial effects that can be achieved can refer to the beneficial effects in the corresponding methods and will not be repeated here.

[0128] The present disclosure provides a signal transmission method, device, and storage medium. In some embodiments, the terms "signal transmission method," "information processing method," and "communication method" are interchangeable; the terms "signal transmission device," "information processing device," and "communication device" are interchangeable; and the terms "information processing system," "communication system," and "information processing system" are interchangeable.

[0129] The embodiments of the present disclosure are not exhaustive and are merely illustrative of some embodiments, and are not intended to be a specific limitation on the scope of protection of the present disclosure. In the absence of contradiction, each step in a certain embodiment can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the steps can be arbitrarily combined. For example, a solution after removing some steps in a certain embodiment can also be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the order of the steps in a certain embodiment can be arbitrarily exchanged. In addition, the optional implementation methods in a certain embodiment can be arbitrarily combined; in addition, the embodiments can be arbitrarily combined. For example, some or all steps of different embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and a certain embodiment can be arbitrarily combined with the optional implementation methods of other embodiments.

[0130] In each embodiment of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified or provided for by logic, the terms and / or descriptions between the embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form a new embodiment based on their inherent logical relationships.

[0131] The terms used in the embodiments of the present disclosure are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present disclosure.

[0132] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, elements expressed in the singular, such as "a", "an", "the", "above", "said", "the", "the", etc., may mean "one and only one", or "one or more", "at least one", etc. For example, when using articles such as "a", "an", "the" in English in translation, the noun following the article may be understood as a singular expression or a plural expression.

[0133] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, “plurality” refers to two or more.

[0134] In some embodiments, the terms "at least one," "one or more," "a plurality of," "multiple," etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0135] In some embodiments, descriptions such as "at least one of A and B," "A and / or B," "A in one case, B in another case," or "in response to one case A, in response to another case B" may include the following technical solutions depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (A is executed independently of B); in some embodiments, B (B is executed independently of A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed); and in some embodiments, A and B (both A and B are executed). The above is also applicable when there are more branches such as A, B, and C.

[0136] In some embodiments, "A or B" and other descriptions may include the following technical solutions depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (A is executed independently of B); in some embodiments, B (B is executed independently of A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed). The above is also applicable when there are more branches such as A, B, C, etc.

[0137] The prefixes such as "first" and "second" in the embodiments of the present disclosure are only used to distinguish different description objects and do not constitute any restriction on the position, order, priority, quantity or content of the description objects. For the statement of the description object, please refer to the description in the context of the claims or embodiments, and no unnecessary restriction should be constituted due to the use of prefixes. For example, if the description object is a "field", the ordinal number before the "field" in the "first field" and the "second field" does not limit the position or order between the "fields". "First" and "second" do not limit whether the "fields" they modify are in the same message, nor do they limit the order of the "first field" and the "second field". For another example, if the description object is a "level", the ordinal number before the "level" in the "first level" and the "second level" does not limit the priority between the "levels". For another example, the number of description objects is not limited by the ordinal number and can be one or more. Taking "first device" as an example, the number of "devices" can be one or more. In addition, the objects modified by different prefixes can be the same or different. For example, if the description object is "device", then the "first device" and the "second device" can be the same device or different devices, and their types can be the same or different; for another example, if the description object is "information", then the "first information" and the "second information" can be the same information or different information, and their contents can be the same or different.

[0138] In some embodiments, “including A,” “comprising A,” “used to indicate A,” and “carrying A” can be interpreted as directly carrying A or indirectly indicating A.

[0139] In some embodiments, devices and equipment can be interpreted as physical or virtual, and their names are not limited to the names recorded in the embodiments. In some cases, they can also be understood as "equipment", "device", "circuit", "network element", "node", "function", "unit", "section", "system", "network", "entity", "subject", etc.

[0140] In some embodiments, "network" can be interpreted as devices included in the network, such as access network equipment, core network equipment, etc.

[0141] In some embodiments, "access network device (AN device)" may also be referred to as "radio access network device (RAN device)", "base station (BS)", "radio base station", "fixed station", and in some embodiments may also be understood as "node", "access point", "transmission point (TP)", "reception point (RP)", "transmission and / or reception point (TRP)" "panel", "antenna panel", "antenna array", "cell", "macro cell", "small cell", "femto cell", "pico cell", "sector", "cell group", "serving cell", "carrier", "component carrier", "bandwidth part (BWP)", etc.

[0142] In some embodiments, obtaining data, information, etc. may comply with the laws and regulations of the country where the data is obtained.

[0143] In some embodiments, data, information, etc. may be obtained with the user's consent.

[0144] In addition, each element, each row, or each column in the table of the embodiment of the present disclosure can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the combination of any elements, any rows, and any columns can also be implemented as an independent embodiment.

[0145] FIG1A is a schematic diagram showing the architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0146] As shown in FIG. 1A , a communication system 100 includes a terminal 101 and a network device 102 .

[0147] In some embodiments, the terminal 101 includes, for example, a mobile phone, a wearable device, an Internet of Things device, a car with communication function, a smart car, a tablet computer, a computer with wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal device in industrial control, a wireless terminal device in self-driving, a wireless terminal device in remote medical surgery, a wireless terminal device in a smart grid, a wireless terminal device in transportation safety, a wireless terminal device in a smart city, and at least one of a wireless terminal device in a smart home, but is not limited thereto.

[0148] In some embodiments, the network device 102 may include but is not limited to an access network device 102 - 1 and a core network device 102 - 2 .

[0149] In some embodiments, the access network device 102-1 is, for example, a node or device that accesses a terminal to a wireless network. The access network device may include an evolved NodeB (eNB), a next generation evolved NodeB (ng-eNB), a next generation NodeB (gNB), a node B (NB), a home node B (HNB), a home evolved nodeB (HeNB), a wireless backhaul device, a radio network controller (RNC), a base station controller (BSC), a base transceiver station (BTS), a base band unit (BBU), a mobile switching center, a base station in a 6G communication system, an open base station (Open RAN), a cloud base station (Cloud RAN), a base station in other communication systems, and at least one of an access node in a Wi-Fi system, but is not limited thereto.

[0150] In some embodiments, the access network device 102-1 can be composed of a centralized unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU), where the CU can also be called a control unit. The CU-DU structure can be used to split the protocol layer of the access network device, with the functions of some protocol layers centrally controlled by the CU, and the functions of the remaining part or all of the protocol layers distributed in the DU, which is centrally controlled by the CU, but is not limited to this.

[0151] In some embodiments, the core network device 102-2 may be a device including one or more network elements, or may be multiple devices or a group of devices. The network elements may be virtual or physical. The core network may include, for example, at least one of an Evolved Packet Core (EPC), a 5G Core Network (5GCN), and a Next Generation Core (NGC).

[0152] In some embodiments, the technical solution of the present disclosure can be applied to the Open RAN architecture. In this case, the interfaces between or within the access network devices involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be transformed into internal interfaces of the Open RAN, and the processes and information interactions between these internal interfaces can be implemented through software or programs.

[0153] In some embodiments, in some embodiments, the terminal 101 is connected to the core network device 102-2 through the access network device 102-1.

[0154] It can be understood that the communication system described in the embodiment of the present disclosure is for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solution of the embodiment of the present disclosure, and does not constitute a limitation on the technical solution proposed in the embodiment of the present disclosure. Ordinary technicians in this field can know that with the evolution of the system architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solution proposed in the embodiment of the present disclosure is also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0155] The following embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to the communication system 100 shown in FIG1A , or a portion thereof, but are not limited thereto. The entities shown in FIG1A are illustrative only. The communication system may include all or part of the entities shown in FIG1A , or may include other entities other than those shown in FIG1A . The number and form of the entities may be arbitrary, and the entities may be physical or virtual. The connection relationships between the entities are illustrative only. The entities may be connected or disconnected, and the connection may be in any manner, including direct or indirect, wired or wireless.

[0156] The embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G New Radio (NR), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), Future Radio Access (FRA), New Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New Radio Access (NX), Future Generation Radio Access (FX), Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM (registered trademark)), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20, Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) networks, systems utilizing other communication methods, and next-generation systems based on these. Furthermore, a combination of multiple systems (for example, a combination of LTE or LTE-A with 5G) may also be used.

[0157] Satellite communication systems consist of satellite and ground components. Features of satellite communication include: a wide communication range; communication is possible between any two points within the range of the satellite's radio waves; and it is less susceptible to land disasters (high reliability). As a supplement to current terrestrial cellular communication systems, satellite communication offers the following benefits:

[0158] Extended coverage: For areas that are not covered by current cellular communication systems or are costly to cover, such as oceans, deserts, and remote mountainous areas, satellite communications can be used to solve communication problems.

[0159] Emergency communications: In extreme situations such as disasters such as earthquakes, when cellular communication infrastructure is unavailable, satellite communications can be used to quickly establish communication connections.

[0160] Provide industry applications: For example, for delay-sensitive services in long-distance transmission, satellite communications can be used to reduce the delay of service transmission.

[0161] It can be foreseen that in future wireless communication systems, satellite communication systems and terrestrial cellular communication systems will gradually achieve deep integration, truly realizing the intelligent connection of all things.

[0162] In satellite communications, data transmission takes a long time due to the long signal transmission distance between the transmitter and receiver. For transmissions with uplink and downlink relationships, such as those shown in Figure 1B or Figure 1C, a timing offset parameter can be introduced to compensate for transmission delay.

[0163] The timing offset parameter can be applied in various operations, such as:

[0164] Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) transmission scheduled by Downlink Control Information (DCI);

[0165] Transmission of Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (HARQ) feedback information and Medium Access Control Element (MAC CE), etc.

[0166] When a terminal has no network connection, it obtains uplink time and frequency synchronization by sending a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) sequence.

[0167] Similar to downlink synchronization, the PRACH sequence transmitted by a terminal is affected by the high-speed movement of satellites, including Doppler offsets on the service and feeder links. Unlike downlink signals, since network equipment serves multiple terminals, orthogonality between them must be ensured. This requires that signals from terminals located at different locations and experiencing different transmission delays arrive at the network equipment at the same time. Otherwise, the network equipment may not be able to demodulate the correct PRACH sequence or distinguish between PRACH sequences from different terminals.

[0168] In some embodiments, the terminal needs to obtain location information to determine timing compensation for uplink transmission. The terminal can determine its own location information through a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) measurement module.

[0169] After obtaining GNSS measurement results, the terminal can report the reliability of GNSS to the base station through the GNSS validity duration. In traditional designs, when the GNSS validity duration of the terminal expires, the terminal will enter the idle state.

[0170] When the terminal's GNSS is available but has errors or the terminal's GNSS position information is unavailable, the terminal needs to maintain a Radio Resource Control (RRC) connection for at least several minutes. In this case, the terminal's uplink synchronization may be affected during the transmission of the PRACH sequence, resulting in inability to access the system.

[0171] Therefore, the present disclosure provides the following signal transmission method, apparatus, and storage medium, which improve the reliability of PRACH sequence transmission and enhance the availability and reliability of non-terrestrial communication systems.

[0172] FIG2 is an interactive diagram of a signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG2 , an embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a signal transmission method, which includes:

[0173] Step S2101 , the network device 102 sends resource configuration information to the terminal 101 .

[0174] In some embodiments, terminal 101 receives the resource configuration information.

[0175] In some embodiments, the resource configuration information may be used to configure at least one of the following:

[0176] PRACH sequences included in the second set;

[0177] The available resources of the PRACH sequences included in the second set.

[0178] In some embodiments, the PRACH sequences included in the second set may be used for non-terrestrial communication systems.

[0179] Accordingly, the PRACH sequences currently used in the terrestrial system may be used as the first set, that is, the PRACH sequences included in the first set may be used in the terrestrial communication system.

[0180] In some embodiments, in a non-terrestrial communication system, the network device 102 may preferentially respond to the PRACH sequence included in the second set, thereby improving the reliability of PRACH sequence transmission in the non-terrestrial communication system and further improving the success rate of random access in the non-terrestrial communication system.

[0181] In some embodiments, the network device 102 may configure the PRACH sequences included in the second set and / or the available resources of the PRACH sequences included in the second set through signaling, wherein the available resources include but are not limited to available time domain resources and frequency domain resources.

[0182] Exemplarily, the network device 102 may send the resource configuration information via a system message, such as a system information block n (SIBn), where n is a positive integer.

[0183] Exemplarily, the network device 102 may send the resource configuration information via RRC signaling or MAC CE.

[0184] In some embodiments, step S2101 may not be performed, and the terminal 101 may determine the resource configuration information based on a predefined method.

[0185] In one example, the terminal 101 determines one or more PRACH sequences included in the second set based on protocol agreement.

[0186] In an example, the terminal 101 determines, based on a protocol agreement, resources in a resource pool pre-allocated for use by one or more PRACH sequences included in the second set as available resources.

[0187] In some embodiments, the name of the resource configuration information is not limited and can be interchangeable with configuration information, first information, etc.

[0188] Step S2102 , the network device 102 sends second indication information to the terminal 101 .

[0189] In some embodiments, the terminal 101 receives the second indication information.

[0190] In some embodiments, the second indication information is used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0191] Determine a first PRACH sequence in the first set and the second set, and use the first PRACH sequence to initiate random access;

[0192] Send the resources for the first PRACH.

[0193] In some embodiments, the network device 102 may send the second indication information to the terminal 101 via signaling.

[0194] In an example, the second indication information may be used to instruct the terminal 101 to determine the first PRACH sequence for initiating random access in the above two sets.

[0195] In one example, the second indication information may be used to indicate resources for sending the first PRACH.

[0196] In one example, the network device 102 may send the second indication information via a system message, such as SIBn, where n is a positive integer.

[0197] In one example, the network device 102 may send the second indication information via RRC signaling or MAC CE.

[0198] In some embodiments, step S2102 may not be performed, and the terminal 101 may determine the second indication information based on a predefined method.

[0199] In an example, the terminal 101 may determine, based on a protocol agreement, that the first PRACH sequence for initiating random access may be determined from the first set and / or the second set.

[0200] In one example, terminal 101 may determine, based on a protocol agreement, resources for transmitting the first PRACH from the available resources in the second set. For example, the pth time slot and the mth resource block in the available resources may be determined as resources for transmitting the first PRACH, where p and m are positive integers.

[0201] The above description is merely exemplary, and the present disclosure does not limit the method by which the terminal 101 determines the content of the second indication information.

[0202] In some embodiments, the name of the second indication information is not limited and can be interchangeable with indication information, second information, configuration information, etc.

[0203] In some embodiments, step S2101 and step S2102 may be performed in combination, that is, the network device 102 may send the resource configuration information and the second indication information to the terminal 101 through one signaling.

[0204] In some embodiments, step S2101 and / or step S2102 may not be performed, and the terminal 101 may determine one of the resource configuration information and the indication in the second indication information based on a predefined method.

[0205] Step S2103: Terminal 101 determines a first PRACH sequence based on the first set and / or the second set.

[0206] In some embodiments, the terminal 101 may determine the first PRACH sequence in the following manner:

[0207] In the first manner, in the initial access scenario, a first PRACH sequence is determined from the first set.

[0208] In one example, in an initial access scenario, the terminal 101 has not yet established an RRC connection with the network device 102. If the current GNSS information is unavailable, the terminal 101 may determine a PRACH sequence included in the first set as the first PRACH sequence. In this case, the determined first PRACH sequence is used for random access and uplink synchronization.

[0209] The unavailable GNSS information means that the GNSS measurement module on the terminal 101 cannot obtain valid satellite signals, resulting in an inability to determine the terminal's location information.

[0210] Furthermore, the terminal 101 monitors whether a random access response (Random Access Response, RAR) message sent by the network device 102 is received within the first time window.

[0211] Exemplarily, the terminal 101 monitors the RAR message within the first time window after initiating the first PRACH sequence.

[0212] For example, the starting time unit of the first time window and the size of the first time window can be configured by the network device 102 and / or determined by the terminal 101 based on a predefined method, and this disclosure is not limited to this. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the time unit can be a time slot (slot), a frame (frame), a subframe (subframe), a symbol (symbol), a duration (span), etc. As a unit, a span includes one or more consecutive symbols belonging to the same time slot.

[0213] For example, network device 102 configures the starting time unit of the first time window to be the s1th time unit after sending the first PRACH sequence, and / or network device 102 configures the first time window to occupy t1 time units, that is, the size of the first time window is t1 time units. Wherein, s1 and t1 are positive integers, and the specific values ​​can be configured by network device 102 through system messages.

[0214] For another example, terminal 101 determines, based on the protocol agreement, that the starting time unit of the first time window is the s2th time unit after sending the first PRACH sequence, and / or that the size of the first time window is t2 time units. Here, s2 and t2 are positive integers, and the specific values ​​can be agreed upon by the protocol.

[0215] For another example, terminal 101 determines the starting time unit of the first time window based on the configuration of network device 102 and determines the size of the first time window based on a predefined method. Alternatively, terminal 101 determines the size of the first time window based on the configuration of network device 102 and determines the starting time unit of the first time window based on a predefined method.

[0216] The above description is merely an exemplary description, and the present disclosure does not limit the method for determining the first time window.

[0217] If the terminal 101 does not receive the RAR message sent by the network device 102 within the first time window, it means that the network device 102 has not correctly received the first PRACH sequence sent by the terminal, and random access is likely to fail. In this case, the terminal 101 can determine a PRACH sequence included in the second set as the second PRACH sequence. The determined second PRACH sequence is used for random access and uplink synchronization, and the terminal 101 can send the second PRACH sequence to the network device 102. Since the second PRACH sequence is one of the second set for non-terrestrial communication systems, for the current non-terrestrial communication scenario, the network device 102 can prioritize responding to the second PRACH sequence, thereby ensuring the reliability of PRACH sequence transmission and thereby improving the success rate of random access in non-terrestrial communication systems.

[0218] In the second manner, in the initial access scenario, the terminal directly determines a PRACH sequence included in the second set as the first PRACH sequence.

[0219] In some embodiments, if the current GNSS information is unavailable and the terminal 101 determines that the network device 102 belongs to a network device in a non-terrestrial communication system, for example, the network device 102 is a satellite or an access network device deployed on a satellite, the terminal 101 can directly determine a PRACH sequence included in the second set as the first PRACH sequence. At this time, the determined first PRACH sequence is used for random access and uplink synchronization.

[0220] In some embodiments, the terminal 101 may determine whether the network device 102 belongs to a network device in a non-terrestrial communication system through a system message broadcast by the network device 102 .

[0221] In one example, a protocol may define an information element. When network device 102 includes this information element in a system message, terminal 101 determines that network device 102 belongs to a network device in a non-terrestrial communication system. If network device 102 does not include this information element in a system message, terminal 101 determines that network device 102 does not belong to a network device in a non-terrestrial communication system.

[0222] In one example, a new field can be added to the system message. When the value of this field is set to "1," the terminal 101 determines that the network device 102 belongs to a network device in a non-terrestrial communication system. When the value of this field is set to "0," the terminal 101 determines that the network device 102 does not belong to a network device in a non-terrestrial communication system. The reverse is also true.

[0223] In one example, a new field may be added to the system message. When the field is set to "NTN", the terminal 101 determines that the network device 102 belongs to a network device in a non-terrestrial communication system. When the value of the field is set to "TN", the terminal 101 determines that the network device 102 does not belong to a network device in a non-terrestrial communication system.

[0224] In one example, a system message specifically for non-terrestrial communication systems can be defined. When the terminal 101 receives this system message, the terminal 101 determines that the network device 102 belongs to a network device in the non-terrestrial communication system. If the terminal 101 does not receive this system message, the terminal 101 determines that the network device 102 does not belong to a network device in the non-terrestrial communication system.

[0225] The above description is merely an exemplary description, and any solution in which the terminal 101 determines whether the network device 102 belongs to a network device in a non-terrestrial communication system based on the system message should fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0226] In the third method, when the RRC connection is established and the current GNSS information is available, the terminal 101 can determine the first PRACH sequence based on the instruction of the network device 102.

[0227] In some embodiments, when the RRC connection is established, the purpose of the first PRACH sequence is to perform uplink synchronization with the network device 102.

[0228] If the current GNSS information is available and error-free, or if the current GNSS information is available but has errors, terminal 101 can receive the first indication information sent by network device 102 via the RRC connection and determine the first PRACH sequence. Since the first PRACH sequence is indicated by network device 102, the reliability of PRACH sequence transmission can be effectively ensured.

[0229] The GNSS information being available means that the GNSS measurement module on the terminal 101 can obtain valid satellite signals and can determine the location information of the terminal.

[0230] The phrase "GNSS information available but with errors" means that while the GNSS measurement module on terminal 101 can acquire valid satellite signals and thereby determine the terminal's location, the positioning result contains errors due to terminal 101 being in a specific scenario, such as indoors or in an area with poor GNSS signals. The presence of errors here may mean that the difference between the determined terminal location and the terminal's actual location is greater than or equal to a threshold.

[0231] Among them, GNSS information is available and error-free means that the GNSS measurement module on the terminal 101 can obtain valid satellite signals, thereby determining the terminal's location information, and its positioning result is relatively accurate, for example, the distance difference between the determined terminal position and the actual position of the terminal is less than or equal to a threshold.

[0232] In an example, the first indication information may be used to instruct the terminal 101 to initiate uplink synchronization using one of the first sets or one of the second sets.

[0233] Exemplarily, the first indication information may be used to indicate a set index. For example, if the index value is "1," the terminal 101 may determine one of the first set as the first PRACH sequence. If the index value is "2," the terminal 101 may determine one of the second set as the first PRACH sequence.

[0234] In the fourth method, when the RRC connection is established and the current GNSS information is unavailable, for example, when the terminal is in an area without a GNSS signal, the terminal 101 can determine a PRACH sequence included in the second set as the first PRACH sequence.

[0235] In some embodiments, when the RRC connection is established, the purpose of the first PRACH sequence is to perform uplink synchronization with the network device 102.

[0236] In some embodiments, if the current GNSS information is unavailable, terminal 101 may directly determine a PRACH sequence included in the second set as the first PRACH sequence. That is, when the current GNSS information is unavailable, terminal 101 may directly use a PRACH sequence in the second set of the non-terrestrial communication system to initiate uplink synchronization, thereby improving the reliability of PRACH transmission.

[0237] In step S2104, the terminal 101 adjusts at least the first TA value to determine a total TA value.

[0238] In some embodiments, the first timing advance (TA) value is a TA value corresponding to a serving link, wherein the link between the terminal and the satellite may be referred to as a serving link.

[0239] When the current GNSS information is available but contains errors or the current GNSS information is unavailable, the terminal 101 may adjust at least the first TA value corresponding to the service link and determine the total TA value based at least on the adjusted first TA value.

[0240] In the disclosed embodiments, the total TA value refers to the TA value corresponding to the link between the terminal and the uplink synchronization point. The uplink synchronization point can be deployed on a satellite, a ground base station, or at a point in the link between a satellite and a ground base station. When the uplink synchronization point is deployed on a satellite, the total TA value can be equal to the first TA value corresponding to the serving link. When the uplink synchronization point is deployed on a ground base station, the total TA value can be equal to the TA value corresponding to the link between the terminal and the base station.

[0241] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the total TA value is the TA value of the timing offset when the terminal 101 sends the first PRACH sequence. TA It can be determined using the following formula 1: TA =(N TA +N TA,UE-specific +N TA,common +N TA,offset )×T c Formula 1

[0242] Among them, N TA is the initial TA value, N TA,UE-specific is the first TA value, N TA,common is the second TA value, N TA,offset is a fixed TA offset value, N TA,offset The definition of T is the same in non-terrestrial communication systems and terrestrial communication systems. C It can be the basic time unit (or minimum time unit) in 5G NR, and its definition can be the same as that of terrestrial communication networks.

[0243] The second TA value refers to the TA value corresponding to the feeder link, specifically the TA value corresponding to the link between the satellite and the uplink synchronization point. The uplink synchronization point can be deployed on the satellite, on a ground base station, or at a point on the link between the satellite and the ground base station, and this disclosure is not limited thereto. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second TA value can be calculated by terminal 101 based on the public TA parameter information broadcast by network device 102.

[0244] In some embodiments, the total TA value may be determined in the following manner:

[0245] Method 1: In the initial access scenario, at least the first TA value is adjusted to determine the total TA value.

[0246] In this initial access scenario, the first PRACH sequence is used to initiate random access and uplink synchronization. At this time, since the terminal 101 has not yet accessed the network device 102, the terminal 101 can determine that the initial TA value is 0. In addition, the terminal 101 can adjust the first TA value and calculate the total TA value based on the initial TA value, the adjusted first TA value, the second TA value, and the TA offset value according to Formula 1. The second TA value can be calculated by the terminal 101 based on the public TA parameter information broadcast by the network device 102. The TA offset value is a fixed value.

[0247] In an example, since it is in an initial access scenario, the terminal 101 may determine that the adjusted first TA value is 0.

[0248] In an example, the terminal 101 may determine that the adjusted first TA value is a first value. Exemplarily, the first value may be determined by the terminal 101 based on a system message broadcast by the network device 102 .

[0249] Exemplarily, the first value is directly indicated in the system message.

[0250] Exemplarily, the system message carries a parameter value used to determine the first value. The terminal 101 determines the first value based on the parameter value.

[0251] The present disclosure does not limit the solution in which the terminal 101 determines the first value based on the system message.

[0252] Method 2: When the RRC connection is established, the initial TA value and the first TA value are adjusted to determine the total TA value.

[0253] In some embodiments, when the RRC connection is established, the determined first PRACH sequence is used for uplink synchronization with the network device 102 .

[0254] Method 2-1: If the current GNSS information is available but contains errors, for example, when the terminal 101 is indoors or in another area with poor GNSS signals, the terminal 101 may adjust the initial TA value based on a first timing advance command (TAC) and determine the adjusted initial TA value. The first TAC is the TAC most recently received by the terminal 101 before sending the first PRACH.

[0255] Exemplarily, the first TAC is used to adjust the initial TA value, and the terminal 101 performs closed-loop adjustment based on the first TAC, thereby determining the adjusted initial TA value.

[0256] The present disclosure does not limit the solution in which the terminal 101 determines the adjusted initial TA value based on the first TAC closed-loop adjustment.

[0257] If the current GNSS information is available but contains errors, for example, the terminal 101 is indoors or in other areas with poor GNSS signals, the terminal 101 can determine the adjusted first TA value based on the current satellite ephemeris information broadcast by the network device 102 and the currently measured GNSS information.

[0258] Furthermore, the terminal 101 calculates a total TA value based on the adjusted initial TA value, the adjusted first TA value, the second TA value, and the TA offset value according to Formula 1. The second TA value can be calculated by the terminal 101 based on the public TA parameter information broadcast by the network device 102. The TA offset value is a fixed value.

[0259] Method 2-2: If current GNSS information is unavailable, for example, if terminal 101 is in an area with no GNSS signal coverage, terminal 101 may adjust the initial TA value based on the first TAC and determine the adjusted initial TA value. The first TAC is the TAC most recently received by terminal 101 before sending the first PRACH. The method for determining the adjusted initial TA value has been described in the previous embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0260] In addition, the terminal 101 may determine that the adjusted first TA value is 0.

[0261] The terminal 101 calculates the total TA value based on the adjusted initial TA value, the adjusted first TA value, the second TA value, and the TA offset value according to Formula 1. The second TA value can be calculated by the terminal 101 based on the public TA parameter information broadcast by the network device 102. The TA offset value is a fixed value.

[0262] Method 2-3: If the current GNSS information is unavailable, the terminal 101 may adjust the initial TA value based on the first TAC to determine the adjusted initial TA value. The first TAC is the TAC most recently received by the terminal 101 before sending the first PRACH. The method for determining the adjusted initial TA value based on the first TAC has been described in the previous embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0263] In addition, the terminal 101 may be based on the first GNSS information and the current satellite ephemeris information broadcast by the network device, wherein the first GNSS information is the most recently available GNSS information before the terminal 101 sends the first PRACH.

[0264] Furthermore, the terminal 101 may calculate a total TA value based on the adjusted initial TA value, the adjusted first TA value, the second TA value, and the TA offset value according to Formula 1. The second TA value may be calculated by the terminal 101 based on the public TA parameter information broadcast by the network device 102. The TA offset value is a fixed value.

[0265] Method 2-4: If the current GNSS information is unavailable, the terminal 101 may adjust the initial TA value based on the first TAC to determine the adjusted initial TA value. The first TAC is the TAC most recently received by the terminal 101 before sending the first PRACH. The method for determining the adjusted initial TA value based on the first TAC has been described in the previous embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0266] The adjusted first TA value is determined based on the first GNSS information and the satellite ephemeris information broadcast by the network device 102 at the first time point. The first GNSS information is the most recently available GNSS information before the terminal 101 sends the first PRACH. The first time point is the time point at which the first GNSS information is determined. That is, the terminal 101 jointly determines the adjusted first TA value based on the first GNSS information and the satellite ephemeris information broadcast by the network device 102 at the first time point at which the first GNSS information is determined.

[0267] The terminal 101 calculates the total TA value based on the adjusted initial TA value, the adjusted first TA value, the second TA value, and the TA offset value according to Formula 1. The second TA value can be calculated by the terminal 101 based on the public TA parameter information broadcast by the network device 102. The TA offset value is a fixed value.

[0268] The above is only an exemplary description. Adjusting the first TA value, or adjusting the initial TA value and the first TA value at the same time to determine the total TA value for sending the PRACH sequence should all fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0269] Step S2105 : The terminal 101 sends the first PRACH sequence to the network device 102 .

[0270] In some embodiments, the terminal 101 may perform a timing shift based on the total TA value determined in the above step S2104 and then send the first PRACH sequence to the network device 102 .

[0271] In some embodiments, step S2104 may not be performed. That is, the terminal 101 may determine a TA value according to formula 1 without adjusting the first TA value and the initial TA value, and after performing a timing shift according to the TA value, send the first PRACH sequence to the network device 102.

[0272] In some embodiments, the network device 102 receives the first PRACH sequence.

[0273] In some embodiments, after receiving the first PRACH sequence, the network device 102 sends a RAR message to the terminal 101 based on the first PRACH sequence, and performs uplink synchronization with the terminal 101.

[0274] In some embodiments, after receiving the first PRACH sequence, the network device 102 performs uplink synchronization with the terminal 101 based on the first PRACH sequence.

[0275] In some embodiments, the names of information, etc. are not limited to the names described in the embodiments, and terms such as "information", "message", "signal", "signaling", "report", "configuration", "indication", "instruction", "command", "channel", "parameter", "domain", "field", "symbol", "symbol", "codeword", "codebook", "codeword", "codepoint", "bit", "data", "program", and "chip" can be used interchangeably.

[0276] In some embodiments, the terms "uplink", "uplink", "physical uplink", etc. can be used interchangeably.

[0277] In some embodiments, the terms "downlink", "downlink", "physical downlink", etc. can be used interchangeably.

[0278] In some embodiments, terms such as "send", "transmit", "report", "download", "transmit", "bidirectional transmission", "send and / or receive" can be used interchangeably.

[0279] In some embodiments, "obtain", "get", "get", "receive", "transmit", "bidirectional transmission", "send and / or receive" can be interchangeable, and can be interpreted as receiving from other entities, obtaining from protocols, obtaining from higher layers, obtaining by self-processing, autonomous implementation, etc.

[0280] In some embodiments, terms such as "certain", "preseted", "preset", "setting", "indicated", "a certain", "any", "first", and "designated" can be interchangeable. "Specific A", "preset A", "preset A", "setting A", "indicated A", "a certain A", "any A", and "first A" can be interpreted as A pre-specified in a protocol, etc., or as A obtained through setting, configuration, or indication, etc., or as specific A, a certain A, any A, or first A, etc., but not limited to this.

[0281] In some embodiments, the signal transmission method involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure may include at least one of steps S2101 to S2105. For example, step S2101 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S2102 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, steps S2101+S2102 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S2103 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, steps S2101+S2102+step S2103 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S2104 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S2105 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, steps S2104+S2105 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and steps S2101 to S2105 can be implemented as independent embodiments, but are not limited thereto.

[0282] In some embodiments, step S2101 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments. For example, when terminal 101 determines resource configuration information based on a predefined method or receives resource configuration information sent by other execution entities, step S2101 may not be performed.

[0283] In some embodiments, step S2102 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments. For example, when terminal 101 determines the second indication information based on a predefined method or receives the second indication information sent by another execution entity, step S2102 may not be performed.

[0284] In some embodiments, step S2103 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments. For example, when terminal 101 determines that network device 102 does not belong to a network device of a non-terrestrial communication system, step S2103 may not be performed.

[0285] In some embodiments, step S2104 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments. For example, when the terminal 101 directly calculates the TA value according to formula 1, step S2104 may not be performed.

[0286] In some embodiments, step S2105 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments. For example, when the terminal 101 does not need to initiate random access and uplink synchronization, step S2105 may not be performed.

[0287] In some embodiments, the execution order of step S2101 and step S2102 is not limited.

[0288] In some embodiments, steps S2101 to S2105 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0289] In the above embodiment, the terminal can determine the first PRACH sequence based on the first set and / or the second set, and send it to the network device. The PRACH sequence included in the first set is used for the terrestrial communication system, and the PRACH sequence included in the second set is used for the non-terrestrial communication system. The reliability of the PRACH sequence transmission is improved. In addition, when the current GNSS information is available but there is an error or the current GNSS information is unavailable, the terminal can at least adjust the first TA value corresponding to the service link to determine the total TA value, and send the first PRACH sequence after performing a timing offset based on the total TA value, thereby improving the availability and reliability of the non-terrestrial communication system.

[0290] FIG3A is an interactive diagram of a signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG3A , the present disclosure embodiment relates to a signal transmission method, which can be executed by a terminal 101, and the method includes:

[0291] Step S3101, obtain resource configuration information.

[0292] In some embodiments, the terminal 101 may obtain the resource configuration information from the network device 102, but is not limited thereto. The terminal 101 may also receive resource configuration information sent by other entities.

[0293] In some embodiments, terminal 101 obtains resource configuration information determined according to predefined rules.

[0294] In some embodiments, the terminal 101 performs processing to obtain the resource configuration information.

[0295] In some embodiments, step S3101 is omitted, the terminal 101 autonomously implements the function indicated by the resource configuration information, or the terminal 101 obtains the resource configuration information based on predefined rules or protocol agreements, or the above functions are default or default.

[0296] In some embodiments, the optional implementation of step S3101 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2101 in Figure 2 and other related parts of the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0297] Step S3102: Obtain second indication information.

[0298] In some embodiments, the terminal 101 may obtain the second indication information from the network device 102, but is not limited thereto. The terminal 101 may also receive the second indication information sent by other entities.

[0299] In some embodiments, the terminal 101 obtains second indication information determined according to a predefined rule.

[0300] In some embodiments, the terminal 101 performs processing to obtain the second indication information.

[0301] In some embodiments, step S3101 is omitted, the terminal 101 autonomously implements the function indicated by the second indication information, or the terminal 101 obtains the second indication information based on predefined rules or protocol agreements, or the above function is default or default.

[0302] In some embodiments, the optional implementation of step S3102 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2102 in Figure 2 and other related parts of the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0303] Step S3103: determine a first PRACH sequence.

[0304] In some embodiments, the optional implementation of step S3103 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2103 in Figure 2 and other related parts of the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0305] Step S3104, determine the total TA value.

[0306] In some embodiments, the optional implementation of step S3104 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2104 in Figure 2 and other related parts of the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0307] Step S3105: Send a first PRACH sequence.

[0308] In some embodiments, the terminal 101 may send the first PRACH sequence to the network device 102 .

[0309] In some embodiments, the network device 102 receives the first PRACH sequence.

[0310] In some embodiments, the optional implementation of step S3105 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2105 in Figure 2 and other related parts of the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0311] In some embodiments, steps S3101 to S3105 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0312] In the above embodiment, the terminal can determine the first PRACH sequence based on the first set and / or the second set, and when the current GNSS information is available but has errors or the current GNSS information is unavailable, adjust at least the first TA value corresponding to the service link to determine the total TA value, perform a timing offset based on the total TA value, and then send the first PRACH sequence to the network device. In the case where the current GNSS information is available but has errors or the current GNSS information is unavailable, the reliability of PRACH sequence transmission is improved, and the availability and reliability of the non-terrestrial communication system are improved.

[0313] FIG3B is an interactive diagram of a signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG3B , the present disclosure embodiment relates to a signal transmission method, which can be executed by terminal 101, and the method includes:

[0314] Step S3201: Send resource configuration information.

[0315] In some embodiments, the network device 102 sends the resource configuration information to the terminal 101 .

[0316] In some embodiments, the terminal 101 receives the resource configuration information.

[0317] In some embodiments, the optional implementation of step S3201 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2101 in Figure 2 and other related parts of the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0318] Step S3202: Send the second indication information.

[0319] In some embodiments, the network device 102 sends the second indication information to the terminal 101.

[0320] In some embodiments, the terminal 101 receives the second indication information.

[0321] In some embodiments, the optional implementation of step S3202 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2102 in Figure 2 and other related parts of the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0322] Step S3203: Acquire a first PRACH sequence.

[0323] In some embodiments, the network device 102 obtains the first PRACH sequence from the terminal 101, but is not limited thereto and may also receive a first PRACH sequence sent by other entities.

[0324] In some embodiments, the network device 102 obtains a first PRACH sequence determined according to a predefined rule.

[0325] In some embodiments, the network device 102 performs processing to obtain the first PRACH sequence.

[0326] In some embodiments, step S3203 is omitted, the network device 102 autonomously implements the function indicated by the first PRACH sequence, or the network device 102 obtains the first PRACH sequence based on predefined rules or protocol agreements, or the above functions are default or default.

[0327] In some embodiments, the optional implementation of step S3203 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2105 in Figure 2 and other related parts of the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0328] In some embodiments, steps S3201 to S3203 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0329] In the above embodiment, the network device can configure the second set of PRACH sequences and / or the available resources of the second set of PRACH sequences for the terminal, so that the terminal determines the first PRACH sequence based on the first set and / or the second set and sends it to the network device. The first PRACH sequence can perform random access and uplink synchronization, thereby improving the reliability of PRACH sequence transmission and improving the availability and reliability of the non-terrestrial communication system.

[0330] The following is an example to further illustrate the above process:

[0331] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for PRACH transmission applied to a satellite communication system is provided for when the GNSS of a terminal is temporarily unavailable or has GNSS errors. This method can ensure the reliability of PRACH transmission when the terminal is temporarily unavailable.

[0332] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, a sequence set of PRACH defined in a terrestrial communication system is defined as a first set (set 1), and a sequence set of PRACH applicable to satellite communication is defined as a second set (set 2).

[0333] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the method includes:

[0334] The terminal receives the resource configuration information sent by the network device, thereby obtaining the relevant resource configuration of the PRACH of set 2.

[0335] The terminal obtains additional PRACH configuration information (i.e., second indication information), which can be obtained by receiving signaling sent by the network device. The information includes at least one of the following information:

[0336] 1. Indication information used to determine the PRACH sequence.

[0337] The indication information for determining the PRACH sequence is used by the terminal to determine and select an appropriate PRACH sequence to perform a random access process.

[0338] 2. Indication information used to determine the time-frequency resources for PRACH transmission.

[0339] The indication information of the time-frequency resources is used by the terminal to select appropriate time-frequency domain resources to send the PRACH sequence.

[0340] Furthermore, the terminal sends PRACH:

[0341] Scenario 1: Initial access scenario.

[0342] When the terminal's GNSS location information is unavailable, in one implementation method, the terminal uses the PRACH sequence in set1 and the corresponding resource configuration to send PRACH. If the terminal does not receive a RAR message sent by the network device within a predetermined time window (the first time window), the terminal then uses the PRACH sequence in set2 to send PRACH. The configuration of the predetermined time window can be predefined or configurable. The time window configuration includes information such as the length and starting position of the time window.

[0343] In another implementation, when the terminal finds that it is accessing a satellite communication system, the terminal directly uses the PRACH sequence in set2 to perform PRACH transmission.

[0344] Accordingly, the total TA value of the terminal sending PRACH can be determined using the following formula 1: TA =(N TA +N TA,UE-specific +N TA,common +NTA,offset )×T c Formula 1

[0345] Among them, N TA is the initial TA value, which can be 0, N TA,UE-specific is the first TA value, which can be 0 at this time. TA,common is the second TA value, and the TA value corresponding to the feeder link can be calculated by the terminal according to the public TA parameter information broadcast by the network device. TA,offset It is a fixed TA offset value, and its definition is the same as that in terrestrial communication networks.

[0346] Or in another implementation, N TA is 0. N TA,UE-specific It is a configured first value, and the terminal receives the system information sent by the network device to determine the first value. TA,common is the second TA value, and the TA value corresponding to the feeder link can be calculated by the terminal according to the public TA parameter information broadcast by the network device. TA,offset It is a fixed TA offset value, and its definition is the same as that in terrestrial communication networks.

[0347] Scenario 2: RRC connection established

[0348] When the RRC connection has been established, the terminal can select an appropriate PRACH to perform uplink synchronization.

[0349] In one implementation, when the current GNSS position information of the terminal is available but has errors, the terminal initiates uplink synchronization using the PRACH sequence in set1 or set2 according to the instruction information sent by the network device.

[0350] Accordingly, the total TA value can be calculated using the above formula 1.

[0351] Among them, N TA The value is determined based on the most recently received closed-loop TAC. TA,UE-specific It is the service link TA value calculated by the terminal based on the current satellite ephemeris information and current GNSS information broadcast by the network device. TA,common is the second TA value, and the TA value corresponding to the feeder link can be calculated by the terminal according to the public TA parameter information broadcast by the network device. TA,offset It is a fixed TA offset value, and its definition is the same as that in terrestrial communication networks.

[0352] In another implementation, when the current GNSS information of the terminal is unavailable, the terminal initiates an uplink synchronization process using the PRACH sequence in set2.

[0353] Accordingly, the total TA value can be calculated using the above formula 1.

[0354] Among them, N TA The value is determined based on the most recently received closed-loop TAC. TA,UE-specific It is 0 or the service link TA calculated based on the most recently available GNSS information and the current satellite ephemeris information broadcast by the network device. TA,common is the second TA value, and the TA value corresponding to the feeder link can be calculated by the terminal according to the public TA parameter information broadcast by the network device. TA,offset It is a fixed TA offset value, and its definition is the same as that in terrestrial communication networks.

[0355] In another implementation, when the current GNSS position information of the terminal is unavailable, the terminal initiates an uplink synchronization process using the PRACH sequence in set2.

[0356] Accordingly, the total TA value can be calculated using the above formula 1.

[0357] Among them, N TA The value is determined based on the most recently received closed-loop TAC. TA,UE-specific It is 0 or the service link TA calculated based on the most recently available GNSS information and the satellite ephemeris information broadcast by the network device at the most recently available GNSS time. TA,common is the second TA value, and the TA value corresponding to the feeder link can be calculated by the terminal according to the public TA parameter information broadcast by the network device. TA,offset It is a fixed TA offset value, and its definition is the same as that in terrestrial communication networks.

[0358] The above embodiment provides a method for PRACH transmission in a satellite communication system when the GNSS of a terminal is temporarily unavailable or has GNSS errors, which can ensure the reliability of PRACH transmission when the terminal is temporarily unavailable.

[0359] The embodiments of the present disclosure further provide an apparatus for implementing any of the above methods. For example, an apparatus is provided, comprising units or modules for implementing each step performed by a terminal in any of the above methods. For another example, another apparatus is provided, comprising units or modules for implementing each step performed by a network device (e.g., an access network device, a core network device, etc.) in any of the above methods.

[0360] It should be understood that the division of the various units or modules in the above device is merely a division of logical functions. In actual implementation, they may be fully or partially integrated into a physical entity, or they may be physically separated. In addition, the units or modules in the device may be implemented in the form of a processor calling software: for example, the device includes a processor, the processor is connected to a memory, and the memory stores instructions. The processor calls the instructions stored in the memory to implement any of the above methods or implement the functions of the various units or modules of the above device, wherein the processor is, for example, a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU) or a microprocessor, and the memory is a memory within the device or a memory outside the device. Alternatively, the units or modules in the device can be implemented in the form of hardware circuits, and the functions of some or all of the units or modules can be realized by designing the hardware circuits. The above-mentioned hardware circuits can be understood as one or more processors; for example, in one implementation, the above-mentioned hardware circuit is an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), which realizes the functions of some or all of the above units or modules by designing the logical relationship of the components in the circuit; for example, in another implementation, the above-mentioned hardware circuit can be realized by a programmable logic device (PLD). Taking a field programmable gate array (FPGA) as an example, it can include a large number of logic gate circuits, and the connection relationship between the logic gate circuits is configured by configuring the configuration file, thereby realizing the functions of some or all of the above units or modules. All units or modules of the above devices can be realized in the form of software called by the processor, or in the form of hardware circuits, or in part by the form of software called by the processor, and the rest by hardware circuits.

[0361] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the processor is a circuit with signal processing capabilities. In one implementation, the processor can be a circuit with instruction reading and execution capabilities, such as a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, a graphics processing unit (GPU) (which can be understood as a microprocessor), or a digital signal processor (DSP). In another implementation, the processor can implement certain functions through the logical relationship of the hardware circuit. The logical relationship of the above-mentioned hardware circuit is fixed or reconfigurable. For example, the processor is a hardware circuit implemented by an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a programmable logic device (PLD), such as an FPGA. In a reconfigurable hardware circuit, the process of the processor loading a configuration document and implementing the hardware circuit configuration can be understood as the process of the processor loading instructions to implement the functions of some or all of the above units or modules. In addition, it can also be a hardware circuit designed for artificial intelligence, which can be understood as an ASIC, such as a neural network processing unit (NPU), a tensor processing unit (TPU), a deep learning processing unit (DPU), etc.

[0362] FIG4A is a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG4A , a terminal 4100 may include: a processing module 4101 and a transceiver module 4102 .

[0363] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned processing module 4101 is configured to determine a first physical random access channel PRACH sequence based on a first set and / or a second set; wherein the PRACH sequence included in the first set is used for a terrestrial communication system, and the PRACH sequence included in the second set is used for a non-terrestrial communication system.

[0364] In some embodiments, the transceiver module 4102 is configured to send the first PRACH sequence to a network device.

[0365] Optionally, the processing module 4101 is used to execute at least one of the other steps (such as step S2101, step S2102, step S2105, but not limited thereto) executed by the terminal 4100 in any of the above methods, which will not be repeated here.

[0366] Optionally, the above-mentioned transceiver module 4102 is used to execute at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving (for example, step S2103, step S2104, but not limited to this) performed by the terminal 5100 in any of the above methods, which will not be repeated here.

[0367] FIG4B is a schematic diagram of the structure of a network device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG4B , a network device 4200 may include a transceiver module 4201 .

[0368] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned transceiver module 4201 is configured to receive a first physical random access channel PRACH sequence sent by the terminal, and the first PRACH sequence is a PRACH sequence determined by the terminal based on the first set and / or the second set; wherein the PRACH sequence included in the first set is used for a terrestrial communication system, and the PRACH sequence included in the second set is used for a non-terrestrial communication system.

[0369] Optionally, the above-mentioned transceiver module 4201 is used to execute at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving (for example, step S2101, step S2102, step S2105, but not limited to these) performed by the network device 4200 in any of the above methods, which will not be repeated here.

[0370] In some embodiments, the transceiver module may include a transmitting module and / or a receiving module, and the transmitting module and the receiving module may be separate or integrated. Optionally, the transceiver module may be interchangeable with the transceiver.

[0371] In some embodiments, the processing module can be a single module or can include multiple submodules. Optionally, the multiple submodules respectively execute all or part of the steps required to be executed by the processing module. Optionally, the processing module can be interchangeable with the processor.

[0372] Figure 5A is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device 5100 proposed in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Communication device 5100 can be a network device (e.g., an access network device, a core network device, etc.), a terminal (e.g., a user equipment, etc.), a chip, a chip system, or a processor that supports a network device to implement any of the above methods, or a chip, a chip system, or a processor that supports a terminal to implement any of the above methods. Communication device 5100 can be used to implement the methods described in the above method embodiments. For details, please refer to the description of the above method embodiments.

[0373] As shown in Figure 5A, the communication device 5100 includes one or more processors 5101. The processor 5101 can be a general-purpose processor or a dedicated processor, for example, a baseband processor or a central processing unit. The baseband processor can be used to process the communication protocol and communication data, and the central processing unit can be used to control the communication device (such as a base station, a baseband chip, a terminal device, a terminal device chip, a DU or a CU, etc.), execute programs, and process program data. Optionally, the communication device 5100 is used to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, one or more processors 5101 are used to call instructions to enable the communication device 5100 to perform any of the above methods.

[0374] In some embodiments, the communication device 5100 further includes one or more transceivers 5102. When the communication device 5100 includes one or more transceivers 5102, the transceiver 5102 performs at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving in the above method (e.g., step S2101, step S2102, step S2105, but not limited thereto), and the processor 5101 performs at least one of the other steps (e.g., step S2103, step S2104, but not limited thereto). In an optional embodiment, the transceiver may include a receiver and / or a transmitter, and the receiver and transmitter may be separate or integrated. Optionally, the terms transceiver, transceiver unit, transceiver, transceiver circuit, interface circuit, and interface may be interchangeable, the terms transmitter, transmitting unit, transmitter, and transmitting circuit may be interchangeable, and the terms receiver, receiving unit, receiver, and receiving circuit may be interchangeable.

[0375] In some embodiments, the communication device 5100 further includes one or more memories 5103 for storing data. Alternatively, all or part of the memories 5103 may be located outside the communication device 5100. In alternative embodiments, the communication device 5100 may include one or more interface circuits 5104. Optionally, the interface circuits 5104 are connected to the memory 5102 and may be configured to receive data from the memory 5102 or other devices, or to send data to the memory 5102 or other devices. For example, the interface circuits 5104 may read data stored in the memory 5102 and send the data to the processor 5101.

[0376] The communication device 5100 described in the above embodiments may be a network device or a terminal, but the scope of the communication device 5100 described in the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the structure of the communication device 5100 may not be limited to FIG. 5A. The communication device may be an independent device or may be part of a larger device. For example, the communication device may be: 1) an independent integrated circuit IC, or a chip, or a chip system or subsystem; (2) a collection of one or more ICs, optionally, the above IC collection may also include a storage component for storing data or programs; (3) an ASIC, such as a modem; (4) a module that can be embedded in other devices; (5) a receiver, a terminal device, an intelligent terminal device, a cellular phone, a wireless device, a handheld device, a mobile unit, an in-vehicle device, a network device, a cloud device, an artificial intelligence device, etc.; (6) others, etc.

[0377] 5B is a schematic diagram of the structure of a chip 5200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. If the communication device 5100 can be a chip or a chip system, reference can be made to the schematic diagram of the structure of the chip 5200 shown in FIG5B , but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0378] The chip 5200 includes one or more processors 5201. The chip 5200 is configured to execute any of the above methods.

[0379] In some embodiments, chip 5200 further includes one or more interface circuits 5202. Terms such as interface circuit, interface, and transceiver pins may be used interchangeably. In some embodiments, chip 5200 further includes one or more memories 5203 for storing data. Alternatively, all or part of memory 5203 may be located external to chip 5200. Optionally, interface circuit 5202 is connected to memory 5203 and may be used to receive data from memory 5203 or other devices, or may be used to send data to memory 5203 or other devices. For example, interface circuit 5202 may read data stored in memory 5203 and send the data to processor 5201.

[0380] In some embodiments, the interface circuit 5202 performs at least one of the communication steps (e.g., steps S2101, S2102, and S2105) of the aforementioned method, such as sending and / or receiving. For example, the interface circuit 5202 performing the communication steps (e.g., steps S2101, S2102, and S2105) of the aforementioned method means that the interface circuit 5202 performs data exchange between the processor 5201, the chip 5200, the memory 5203, or the transceiver device. In some embodiments, the processor 5201 performs at least one of the other steps (e.g., steps S2103 and S2104, such as steps S2103 and S2104, but not limited thereto).

[0381] The modules and / or devices described in various embodiments, such as virtual devices, physical devices, and chips, can be arbitrarily combined or separated according to circumstances. Optionally, some or all steps can also be performed collaboratively by multiple modules and / or devices, which is not limited here.

[0382] The present disclosure also proposes a storage medium having instructions stored thereon, which, when executed on the communication device 5100, causes the communication device 5100 to execute any of the above methods. Optionally, the storage medium is an electronic storage medium. Optionally, the storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, but is not limited thereto and may also be a storage medium readable by other devices. Optionally, the storage medium may be a non-transitory storage medium, but is not limited thereto and may also be a transient storage medium.

[0383] The present disclosure also provides a program product, which, when executed by the communication device 5100, enables the communication device 5100 to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, the program product is a computer program product.

[0384] The present disclosure also proposes a computer program, which, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform any one of the above methods.

[0385] It should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the exact structures that have been described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

[0386] It should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the exact structures that have been described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A signal transmission method, characterized in that, including: determining a first Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) sequence based on a first set and / or a second set, where the PRACH sequences included in the first set are for a terrestrial communication system, and the PRACH sequences included in the second set are for a non-terrestrial communication system; sending the first PRACH sequence to a network device.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The determining the first Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) sequence based on the first set and / or the second set includes: determining one PRACH sequence included in the first set as the first PRACH sequence, where the first PRACH sequence is for random access and uplink synchronization.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein The method further includes: in response to not receiving a Random Access Response (RAR) message sent by the network device within a first time window, determining one PRACH sequence included in the second set as a second PRACH sequence, where the second PRACH sequence is for random access and uplink synchronization; sending the second PRACH sequence to the network device.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The determining the first Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) sequence based on the first set and / or the second set includes: if the network device belongs to a network device in the non-terrestrial communication system, determining one PRACH sequence included in the second set as the first PRACH sequence, where the first PRACH sequence is for random access and uplink synchronization.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein The method further includes: determining that the network device belongs to a network device in the non-terrestrial communication system based on system information broadcast by the network device.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determining the first Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) sequence based on the first set and / or the second set includes any one of the following: when current Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) information is available, determining the first PRACH sequence based on first indication information sent by the network device, where the first PRACH sequence is for uplink synchronization; where the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal uses one in the first set or one in the second set to initiate uplink synchronization; when current GNSS information is not available, determining one PRACH sequence included in the second set as the first PRACH sequence, where the first PRACH sequence is for uplink synchronization.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The method further includes: receiving resource configuration information sent by the network device; where the resource configuration information is used to configure at least one of the following: the PRACH sequences included in the second set; the available resources of the PRACH sequences included in the second set.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The method further includes: receiving second indication information sent by the network device; where the second indication information is used to indicate at least one of the following: determining the first PRACH sequence in the first set and the second set, and the first PRACH sequence is for initiating random access; the resources for sending the first PRACH.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the current GNSS information is available but has errors or the current GNSS information is unavailable, at least adjust the first Timing Advance (TA) value to determine the total TA value; where the first TA value is the TA value corresponding to the serving link. Sending the first PRACH sequence to the network device includes: After performing a timing offset based on the total TA value, send the first PRACH sequence to the network device.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, At least adjusting the first Timing Advance (TA) value to determine the total TA value includes: The first PRACH sequence is used to initiate random access and uplink synchronization, and determine the initial TA value to be 0. Determine the adjusted first TA value to be 0 or a first value. Based on the initial TA value, the adjusted first TA value, the second TA value, and the TA offset value, determine the total TA value; where the second TA value is the TA value corresponding to the feeder link.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein The method further includes: Based on the system message broadcast by the network device, determine the first value.

12. The method according to claim 9, wherein At least adjusting the first Timing Advance (TA) value to determine the total TA value includes: The first PRACH sequence is used for uplink synchronization, the current GNSS information is available but has errors, adjust the initial TA value based on the first Timing Advance Command (TAC) to determine the adjusted initial TA value; where the first TAC is the most recently received TAC. Based on the current satellite ephemeris information broadcast by the network device and the current GNSS information, determine the adjusted first TA value. Based on the adjusted initial TA value, the adjusted first TA value, the second TA value, and the TA offset value, determine the total TA value; where the second TA value is the TA value corresponding to the feeder link.

13. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, At least adjusting the first Timing Advance (TA) value to determine the total TA value includes: The first PRACH sequence is used for uplink synchronization, the current GNSS information is unavailable, adjust the initial TA value based on the first TAC to determine the adjusted initial TA value; where the first TAC is the most recently received TAC. Determine the adjusted first TA value. Based on the adjusted initial TA value, the adjusted first TA value, the second TA value, and the TA offset value, determine the total TA value; where the second TA value is the TA value corresponding to the feeder link.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein Determining the adjusted first TA value includes any one of the following: Determine the adjusted first TA value to be 0. Based on the first GNSS information and the current satellite ephemeris information broadcast by the network device, determine the adjusted first TA value; where the first GNSS information is the most recently available GNSS information. Based on the first GNSS information and the satellite ephemeris information broadcast by the network device at the first time point, determine the adjusted first TA value; where the first GNSS information is the most recently available GNSS information, and the first time point is the time point when the first GNSS information is determined.

15. A signal transmission method, characterized in that, Includes: Receive the first Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) sequence sent by the receiving terminal, where the first PRACH sequence is a PRACH sequence determined by the terminal based on a first set and / or a second set; wherein, the PRACH sequences included in the first set are for terrestrial communication systems, and the PRACH sequences included in the second set are for non-terrestrial communication systems.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein The method further includes: Broadcast system information; wherein, the system information is used for at least one of the following: Indicate that the network device belongs to a network device in a non-terrestrial communication system; Determine a first value; wherein, the first value is used to determine an adjusted first Timing Advance (TA) value, and the first TA value is the TA value corresponding to the serving link.

17. The method according to claim 15, wherein The method further includes: Send first indication information to the terminal; wherein, the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal uses one in the first set or one in the second set to initiate uplink synchronization.

18. The method according to any one of claims 15-17, characterized in that, The method further includes: Send resource configuration information to the terminal, where the resource configuration information is used to configure at least one of the following: The PRACH sequences included in the second set; The available resources of the PRACH sequences included in the second set.

19. The method according to any one of claims 15 - 18, characterized in that The method further includes: Send second indication information to the terminal, where the second indication information is used to indicate at least one of the following: Determine the first PRACH sequence in the first set and the second set, and the first PRACH sequence is used to initiate random access; Send the resources of the first PRACH.

20. A terminal, characterized in that, Includes: A processing module, configured to determine a first Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) sequence based on a first set and / or a second set; wherein, the PRACH sequences included in the first set are for terrestrial communication systems, and the PRACH sequences included in the second set are for non-terrestrial communication systems; A transceiver module, configured to send the first PRACH sequence to a network device.

21. A network device, characterized in that, Includes: A transceiver module, configured to receive the first Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) sequence sent by a terminal, where the first PRACH sequence is a PRACH sequence determined by the terminal based on a first set and / or a second set; wherein, the PRACH sequences included in the first set are for terrestrial communication systems, and the PRACH sequences included in the second set are for non-terrestrial communication systems.

22. A terminal, characterized in that, Includes: One or more processors; Wherein, the processor is used to execute the signal transmission method according to any one of claims 1-14.

23. A network device, characterized in that, Includes: One or more processors; Wherein, the processor is used to execute the signal transmission method according to any one of claims 15-19.

24. A communication system, characterized in that, Includes a terminal and a network device, wherein the terminal is configured to implement the signal transmission method according to any one of claims 1-14, and the network device is configured to implement the signal transmission method according to any one of claims 15-19.

25. A storage medium, wherein the storage medium stores instructions, characterized in that, When the instruction runs on a communication device, it causes the communication device to execute the signal transmission method according to any one of claims 1-14 or 15-19.

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