Communication method and communication apparatus

Abstract

The present application provides a communication method and apparatus. A network digital twin function network element generates state information of a twin network by means of acquired state information of one or more physical objects in a physical network; thus, the state information of the twin network can reflect state information of an entire current network in one or more dimensions. A state and service experience of the entire physical network can be monitored on the basis of the state information of the twin network, so that when a poor service experience is subsequently detected, other network elements can be notified of same in a timely manner, thereby assisting other network elements in determining a target guarantee policy on the basis of the actual state of the current physical network, and guaranteeing a better service experience.

Description

Communication method and communication device

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on December 28, 2023, with application number 202311840335.X, and priority to the Chinese patent application entitled “A Communication Method and Communication Device”, all contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of communications, and more specifically, to a communication method and a communication device. Background Art

[0003] At present, based on the network data analytics function (NWDAF) network element defined in the Technical Specification (TS) 23.288 of the current 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) standard, data subscription collection, data analysis, and analysis result subscription and notification mechanisms can be implemented to realize key service experience perception and guarantee solutions. However, in the existing solutions, NWDAF only considers the service experience of certain services and certain users and guarantees them. However, this solution lacks the perception of the entire physical network status, or it can be understood as a lack of coordination of all users and all services in the entire network. For example, the following situations may occur: (1) When the service experience of some users is poor, dedicated guaranteed bandwidth can be established for specific users, but this may weaken the service experience of ordinary users; (2) In the existing solutions, the guarantee strategies are all pre-set. If it is found that the experience of a certain service is poor, it may be that the current state of the network is indeed poor and cannot support the pre-configured guaranteed bandwidth. In this case, the guarantee effect of the service experience is not significant.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a communication method that can determine a security strategy based on the actual status of the current network to better protect the user's service experience.

[0006] In a first aspect, a communication method is provided. The method may be executed by a first network element, or may be executed by a component of the first network element (e.g., a chip or circuit), without limitation. For example, the first network element may be referred to as a "network digital twin functional network element."

[0007] The method includes: the first network element sends a first subscription message to the target network element, the first subscription message is used to request to obtain target information, and the target information is used to characterize the state of the physical network; the first network element receives a first notification message from the target network element, the first notification message carries the target information, wherein the target information includes the state information of the physical object in the physical network, and the physical object includes at least one of the following: network element, network topology, user, application; the first network element generates the state information of the twin network based on the target information, wherein the state information of the twin network includes the state information of the twin object, the twin object is mapped one-to-one with the physical object, and the state information of the twin network is used to monitor the state of the physical network and the service experience.

[0008] In this application, target information includes information about physical objects in a physical network, wherein the physical objects include at least one of the following: network elements, network topology, users, and applications. Exemplarily, the physical objects may include network elements, network topology, users, and applications.

[0009] In this application, in one possible implementation, the "target network element" may be, for example, an NWDAF network element; in another possible implementation, the "target network element" may be a core network element such as an AMF, UPF, or OAM. It can also be understood that in this application, the first network element may directly send a subscription message to each core network element to subscribe to the target information on each network element. The first network element may also send a subscription request message to the NWDAF to subscribe to the target information on each network element, and then the NWDAF sends a subscription request message to each specific core network element, that is, the NWDAF uniformly collects the subscribed target information on each core network element.

[0010] Exemplarily, the first subscription request message may carry a network element identifier, a network topology request, a user identifier, and an application identifier.

[0011] Exemplarily, "network element status information" includes at least one of the following: the type of network element, the resource specifications of the network element, the number of users carried on the network element, the distribution of users carried on the network element, the congestion status of users carried on the network element, and the distribution of network traffic carried on the network element.

[0012] For example, the network element may include UPF, SMF, PCF, UDM, RAN, Cell, etc.

[0013] Among them, the "resource specifications of the network element" may include, for example, hardware specifications and / or service specifications. For example, the hardware specifications may include at least one of the following: specifications of the central processing unit (CPU), memory specifications, and storage specifications; for example, the service specifications may include the throughput supported by the network element and / or the number of users supported by the network element. The "distribution of users carried on the network element" may include, for example, the level of the user and / or the package used by the user. The "distribution of network traffic carried on the network element" may include, for example, different types of services, such as: video, live broadcast, telephone, web pages and other services, and may also include services for users of different levels, such as: global communication, live broadcast, and game services.

[0014] Exemplarily, "network topology status information" includes at least one of the following: paths between network elements, interfaces between network elements, specifications of interfaces between network elements, traffic carried on interfaces between network elements, and distribution of traffic carried on interfaces between network elements. Optionally, it also includes network element status information.

[0015] Exemplarily, "user information" includes at least one of the following: user attributes, user subscription information, and user-specific quality of service (QoS) parameters. "User attributes" include both inherent user attributes and dynamically changing attributes. For example, "inherent user attributes" may include the user's gender, age, and so on. "Dynamically changing user attributes" may include, for example, the user's subscription package. "User subscription information" may include, for example, the user's subscription package information. "QoS parameters" may include, for example, bandwidth.

[0016] Exemplarily, the "application information" includes at least one of the following: the type of application, the start time of the service corresponding to the application, the duration of the service corresponding to the application, the throughput of the traffic used by the service corresponding to the application, the rate of the traffic used by the service corresponding to the application, the service experience of the application, and the QoS parameters of the service corresponding to the carried application.

[0017] Based on the above technical solution, the network digital twin functional network element in this application generates the status information of the twin network by obtaining the status information of one or more physical objects in the physical network. Therefore, the status information of one or more dimensions of the current entire network can be reflected in the status information of the twin network. Based on the status information of the twin network, the status and service experience of the entire physical network can be monitored. In this application, the twin network can be synchronized with the physical network in real time, which improves the efficiency of perceiving the real state of the physical network; in addition, when the service experience is monitored to be poor, other network elements (for example, artificial intelligence assistants) are notified in time to assist other network elements in determining the target protection strategy based on the actual state of the current physical network, which is convenient for subsequent simulation (for example, network simulation network elements) and can better guarantee the service experience.

[0018] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the method also includes: the first network element receives a second subscription message from the second network element, the second subscription message is used to subscribe to the monitoring target event to the first network element, and the second subscription message carries the identifier of the target event and the identifier of the target twin object corresponding to the target event; the first network element determines the status information of the target twin object corresponding to the target event in the status information of the twin network based on the second subscription message, and monitors the target twin object.

[0019] In this application, for example, the second network element can be called an "artificial intelligence assistant".

[0020] For example, the identifier of the target twin object includes at least one of the following: the identifier of the target user, the identifier of the target service, and the identifier of the target cell.

[0021] For example, the target event in this application may include at least one of the following: service experience of the target service of the target user, congestion status of the target cell where the target user is located, congestion status of the target cell, and service experience of the service in the target cell.

[0022] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the method also includes: when the first network element determines that the service experience of the application corresponding to the target twin object is poor, the first network element sends a second notification message to the second network element, and the second notification message is used to indicate that the service experience of the application corresponding to the target event is poor.

[0023] For example, the second notification message carries at least one of the following: an identifier of the target user, an identifier of the target service, an identifier of the target cell, information about the target user's experience in accessing the target service, and indicators for the target user's access to the target service. For example, the indicators for the target user's access to the target service may include latency, bandwidth, rate, etc. corresponding to the service.

[0024] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the method also includes: the first network element receives a first request message from the third network element, the first request message is used to request to obtain the status information of the target twin object corresponding to the target event; the first network element sends a first response message to the third network element, and the first response message carries the status information of the target twin object.

[0025] In this application, for example, the third network element can be called a "network simulation function network element".

[0026] For example, the first request message carries the identifier of the target cell, and the status information of the target twin object includes at least one of the following: the physical resource block PRB utilization of the target cell, the number of target users included in the target cell, the number of messages or bytes transmitted in the target cell, the guaranteed bandwidth of the dedicated bearer allocated to the target cell, and the guaranteed bandwidth of the service quality flow identifier QFI of the target cell.

[0027] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the method also includes: the first network element obtains the updated target information of the target network element, and the updated target information is generated after the physical network executes the target assurance policy; the first network element updates the status information of the twin network according to the updated target information; when the first network element determines that the status information of the target twin object corresponding to the target event has changed, the first network element sends a first indication information to the second network element, and the first indication information is used to indicate that the status information of the target twin object has changed.

[0028] In a second aspect, a communication method is provided, which can be executed by a third network element, or by a component of the third network element (such as a chip or circuit), without limitation. For example, the third network element can be called a network emulation function network element.

[0029] The method includes: in combination with the second aspect, in a possible implementation, the third network element receives a second request message from the second network element, the second request message carries the identifier of the target event and the target security policy, and the second request message is used to request simulation of the effect produced by executing the target security policy on the physical network; the third network element obtains the status information of the target twin object corresponding to the target event from the first network element according to the second request message, wherein the twin object is mapped one-to-one with the physical object, and the physical object includes at least one of the following: network element, network topology, user, and service, and the status information of each twin object is used to monitor the status of the physical network and service experience; the third network element performs simulation according to the status information of the target twin object and the target security policy simulation model, and generates simulation results; the third network element sends a second response message to the second network element, and the second response message carries the simulation results.

[0030] Specifically, the status information of each physical object can be found in the introduction of the first aspect above, which will not be repeated here.

[0031] In the present application, the information of the target guarantee strategy may include at least one of the following: updating or adding a dedicated bearer with a guaranteed bit rate GBR, updating or adding a service quality flow identifier QFI, deleting or updating the dedicated bearer established in the target cell, deleting or updating the service quality flow identifier QFI established in the target cell, limiting the bandwidth of some non-real-time services in the target cell, and limiting the bandwidth of services based on different user levels in the target cell.

[0032] For example, the simulation results include: service experience information of the target user after executing the target protection strategy, and status information of the target cell after executing the target protection strategy. Optionally, the simulation results also include: service experience information of the remaining users in the target cell except the target user after executing the target protection strategy.

[0033] Based on the above technical solution, the network simulation function network element can be simulated based on the request message of the artificial intelligence assistant. Before the simulation, the required status information of the target twin object can be obtained from the network data word twin function network element, and the simulation results can be sent to the artificial intelligence assistant. The artificial intelligence assistant will finally determine the protection strategy. Through the simulation of the network simulation function network element, it can be predicted in advance whether the target protection strategy is suitable for the current network status and whether it can improve the user's service experience.

[0034] In combination with the second aspect, in a possible implementation method, the third network element obtains the status information of the target twin object corresponding to the target event from the first network element according to the second request message, including: the third network element sends a first request message to the first network element according to the second request message, and the first request message is used to request to obtain the status information of the target twin object; the third network element receives a first response message from the first network element, and the first response message carries the status information of the target twin object.

[0035] Among them, the first request message carries the identifier of the target cell, and the status information of the target twin object includes at least one of the following: the physical resource block PRB utilization rate of the target cell, the number of target users included in the target cell, the number of messages and bytes transmitted in the target cell, the guaranteed bandwidth of the dedicated bearer allocated to the target cell, and the guaranteed bandwidth of the service quality flow identifier QFI of the target cell.

[0036] In a third aspect, a communication method is provided. The method can be executed by a second network element, or by a component of the second network element (such as a chip or circuit), without limitation. For example, the second network element can be called an artificial intelligence assistant.

[0037] The method includes: a second network element obtains first information, where the first information is used to indicate the type of task issued by a user, wherein the type of task includes at least one of the following: a task of monitoring a target event, a task of determining a target protection strategy, a task of requesting simulation, and a task of evaluating the effect of a business experience after a physical network executes a target protection strategy; the second network element determines the type of task based on the first information.

[0038] Based on the above technical solutions, this application expands the functions of the AI ​​assistant. For example, the AI ​​assistant can support understanding and decomposing customer intent through the intent framework, and dynamically deliver, perceive, and present the service experience of target users through network digital twin functional network elements and network simulation functional network elements. The AI ​​assistant can combine network simulation functional network elements to achieve intelligent decision-making and optimized policy execution for service experience optimization strategies, and the AI ​​assistant can complete a complete closed-loop solution based on effect evaluation and enhanced learning after policy execution.

[0039] In combination with the third aspect, in a possible scenario, the method also includes: the second network element sends a second subscription message to the first network element, the second subscription message is used to subscribe to the monitoring target event to the first network element, the second subscription message carries the identifier of the target event and the identifier of the target twin object corresponding to the target event, wherein the twin object is mapped one-to-one to the physical object, and the physical object includes at least one of the following: network element, network topology, user, and service, and the status information of each twin object is used to monitor the status and service experience of the physical network; the second network element receives a second notification message from the first network element, and the second notification message is used to indicate that the service experience of the application corresponding to the target event is poor.

[0040] In combination with the third aspect, in another possible scenario, the method also includes: the second network element sends a second subscription message to the first network element, the second subscription message is used to request monitoring of the target event; the second network element receives a second notification message from the first network element, the second notification message is used to indicate that the service experience of the application corresponding to the target event is poor; the second network element determines the target protection policy corresponding to the target event based on the second notification message.

[0041] In combination with the third aspect, in another possible scenario, the method also includes: the second network element sends a second request message to the third network element, the second request message carries the identifier of the target event and the target security policy, and the second request message is used to request simulation of the effect produced by executing the target security policy on the physical network; the second network element receives a second response message from the third network element, the second response message carries the simulation result; the second network element determines the target security policy corresponding to the target event based on the simulation result.

[0042] In combination with the third aspect, in a possible scenario, the method also includes: the second network element receives first indication information from the first network element, the first indication information is used to indicate that the status information of the target twin object corresponding to the target event has changed; the second network element evaluates the effect of the service experience after the physical network executes the target assurance strategy based on the first indication information.

[0043] For the explanation of the technical terms in the third aspect that are the same as those in the first and second aspects, please refer to the description of the first and second aspects above and will not be repeated here.

[0044] In a fourth aspect, a communication method is provided, which can be executed by a network data analysis function network element, or can also be executed by a component of the network data analysis function network element (such as a chip or circuit), without limitation.

[0045] The method includes: a network data analysis function network element receives a first subscription message from a first network element, the first subscription message is used to request target information, wherein the target information is used to characterize the state of a physical object in a physical network; the network data analysis function network element obtains the target information according to the first subscription request message; the network data analysis function network element generates state information of the physical object according to the first subscription message and the target information, the target information includes state information of the physical object, wherein the physical object includes at least one of the following: network element, network topology, user, service; the network data analysis function network element sends a first notification message to the first network element, the first notification message carries the state information of the physical object, wherein the physical object is mapped one-to-one to the twin object, the state information of the physical object is used to generate state information of the twin object, and the state information of the twin object is used to monitor the state of the physical network and the service experience.

[0046] Similarly, the explanations of the technical terms in the fourth aspect that are the same as those in the first and second aspects can be found in the descriptions of the first and second aspects above and will not be repeated here.

[0047] Based on the above technical solution, the network digital twin functional network element in this application can subscribe to the target information of each core network element to the network data analysis functional network element, and the network data analysis functional network element collects the target information of each core network element and pre-processes it to generate the status information of the physical object. Subsequently, the status information of the physical object can be directly sent to the network digital twin functional network element, so that the network digital twin functional network element can generate the status information of the twin object based on the status information of the physical object, and further generate the status information of the twin network. In this application, the twin network can be synchronized with the physical network in real time, which improves the efficiency of perceiving the real state of the physical network. In addition, by mirroring the status information of the physical object to generate the status information of the twin object, other network elements can be assisted to make better decisions on target assurance strategies, thereby ensuring the user's service experience.

[0048] In a fifth aspect, a communication device is provided, the device being configured to execute the method of any possible implementation of the first to fourth aspects. Specifically, the device may include units and / or modules, such as a transceiver unit and / or a processing unit, for executing the method of any possible implementation of the first to fourth aspects.

[0049] In one implementation, the apparatus is a communication device (e.g., a network digital twin functional network element, a network simulation functional network element, an artificial intelligence assistant, or a network data analysis functional network element). When the apparatus is a communication device, the communication unit may be a transceiver or an input / output interface; the processing unit may be at least one processor. Alternatively, the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit. Alternatively, the input / output interface may be an input / output circuit.

[0050] In another implementation, the device is a chip, chip system, or circuit for a communication device (e.g., a network digital twin functional network element, a network simulation functional network element, an artificial intelligence assistant, or a network data analysis functional network element). When the device is a chip, chip system, or circuit for a communication device, the communication unit may be an input / output interface, interface circuit, output circuit, input circuit, pin, or related circuit on the chip, chip system, or circuit; the processing unit may be at least one processor, processing circuit, or logic circuit.

[0051] In a sixth aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: at least one processor configured to execute a computer program or instructions stored in a memory to perform the method of any possible implementation of the first aspect. Optionally, the device further comprises a memory configured to store the computer program or instructions. Optionally, the device further comprises a communication interface, wherein the processor reads the computer program or instructions stored in the memory through the communication interface.

[0052] In one implementation, the device is a network digital twin functional network element.

[0053] In another implementation, the device is a chip, a chip system or a circuit for an access and mobility management function network element.

[0054] In a seventh aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: at least one processor configured to execute a computer program or instructions stored in a memory to perform the method of any possible implementation of the second aspect. Optionally, the device further comprises a memory configured to store the computer program or instructions. Optionally, the device further comprises a communication interface, and the processor reads the computer program or instructions stored in the memory through the communication interface.

[0055] In one implementation, the device is a network simulation function network element.

[0056] In another implementation, the device is a chip, a chip system or a circuit of a network emulation functional network element.

[0057] In an eighth aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: at least one processor configured to execute a computer program or instructions stored in a memory to perform the method of any possible implementation of the third aspect. Optionally, the device further comprises a memory configured to store the computer program or instructions. Optionally, the device further comprises a communication interface, wherein the processor reads the computer program or instructions stored in the memory through the communication interface.

[0058] In one implementation, the device is an artificial intelligence assistant.

[0059] In another embodiment, the device is a chip, chip system or circuit for an artificial intelligence assistant.

[0060] In a ninth aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: at least one processor configured to execute a computer program or instruction stored in a memory to perform the method of any possible implementation of the fourth aspect. Optionally, the device further comprises a memory configured to store the computer program or instruction. Optionally, the device further comprises a communication interface, and the processor reads the computer program or instruction stored in the memory through the communication interface.

[0061] In one implementation, the device is a network data analysis function network element.

[0062] In another implementation, the device is a chip, a chip system or a circuit for a network data analysis functional network element.

[0063] In a tenth aspect, the present application provides a processor, comprising: an input circuit, an output circuit, and a processing circuit. The processing circuit is configured to receive a signal through the input circuit and transmit a signal through the output circuit, so that the processor executes the method of any possible implementation of any one of the first to fourth aspects.

[0064] In a specific implementation, the processor may be one or more chips, the input circuit may be an input pin, the output circuit may be an output pin, and the processing circuit may be a transistor, a gate circuit, a trigger, or various logic circuits. The input signal received by the input circuit may be, for example, but not limited to, received and input by a transceiver, and the signal output by the output circuit may be, for example, but not limited to, output to and transmitted by a transmitter. The input circuit and the output circuit may be the same circuit, which functions as an input circuit and an output circuit at different times. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific implementation of the processor and various circuits.

[0065] For the operations such as sending and acquiring / receiving involved in the processor, unless otherwise specified, or if they do not conflict with their actual functions or internal logic in the relevant descriptions, they can be understood as processor output, reception, input and other operations, and can also be understood as sending and receiving operations performed by the radio frequency circuit and antenna. This application does not limit this.

[0066] In an eleventh aspect, a processing device is provided, comprising a processor and a memory. The processor is configured to read instructions stored in the memory, receive signals via a transceiver, and transmit signals via a transmitter, to execute the method of any possible implementation of any one of the first to fourth aspects.

[0067] Optionally, there are one or more processors and one or more memories.

[0068] Optionally, the memory may be integrated with the processor, or the memory may be provided separately from the processor.

[0069] In the specific implementation process, the memory can be a non-transitory memory, such as a read-only memory (ROM), which can be integrated with the processor on the same chip or can be set on different chips. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the type of memory and the setting method of the memory and the processor.

[0070] It should be understood that related data interaction processes, such as sending indication information, can be the process of outputting indication information from the processor, and receiving capability information can be the process of receiving input capability information from the processor. Specifically, data output by the processor can be output to the transmitter, and input data received by the processor can be received from the transceiver. The transmitter and transceiver can be collectively referred to as a transceiver.

[0071] The processing device in the aforementioned eleventh aspect may be one or more chips. The processor in the processing device may be implemented in hardware or software. When implemented in hardware, the processor may be a logic circuit, an integrated circuit, or the like; when implemented in software, the processor may be a general-purpose processor implemented by reading software code stored in a memory, which may be integrated into the processor or located independently of the processor.

[0072] In a twelfth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which stores a program code for execution by a device, and the program code includes a method for executing any possible implementation of the above-mentioned first to fourth aspects.

[0073] In a thirteenth aspect, a computer program product comprising instructions is provided, which, when run on a computer, enables the computer to execute the method in any possible implementation of the first to fourth aspects above.

[0074] In the fourteenth aspect, a communication system is provided, which includes: a network digital twin functional network element, a network simulation functional network element, an artificial intelligence assistant, and a network data analysis functional network element, wherein the network digital twin functional network element is used to execute the method in any possible implementation of the above-mentioned first aspect, the network simulation functional network element is used to execute the method in any possible implementation of the above-mentioned second aspect, the artificial intelligence assistant module is used to execute the method in any possible implementation of the above-mentioned third aspect, and the network data analysis functional network element is used to execute the method in any possible implementation of the above-mentioned fourth aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0075] FIG1 is a system architecture applicable to this application.

[0076] FIG2 is a schematic flow chart of a communication method 200 provided in this application.

[0077] FIG3 is a schematic flow chart of a communication method 300 provided in this application.

[0078] FIG4 is a schematic flow chart of a communication method 400 provided in this application.

[0079] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the network digital twin functional network element, network simulation functional network element, and artificial intelligence assistant provided in this application.

[0080] FIG6 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method 600 provided in this application.

[0081] FIG7 is a schematic block diagram of the communication device 100 proposed in this application.

[0082] FIG8 is a schematic block diagram of the communication device 200 proposed in this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0083] The technical solution in this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0084] The technical solutions provided in this application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: fifth generation (5G) or new radio (NR) systems, long term evolution (LTE) systems, LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) systems, LTE time division duplex (TDD) systems, etc. The technical solutions provided in this application can also be applied to future communication systems, such as the sixth generation mobile communication system. The technical solutions provided in this application can also be applied to device to device (D2D) communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine to machine (M2M) communication, machine type communication (MTC), and Internet of Things (IoT) communication systems or other communication systems.

[0085] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0086] FIG1 is a system architecture diagram used in this application. FIG1 includes multiple network elements in a core network. The following first briefly introduces each network element in FIG1 .

[0087] 1. User equipment (UE): may also be called terminal equipment, access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication device, user agent or user device.

[0088] The terminal device can be a device that provides voice / data to users, for example, a handheld device or vehicle-mounted device with a wireless connection function. At present, some examples of terminals include: mobile phones, tablet computers, laptop computers, PDAs, mobile internet devices (MIDs), virtual reality (VR) devices, augmented reality (AR) devices, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical surgery, wireless terminals in smart grids, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, cellular phones, cordless phones, session initiation protocol (SIP) phones, wireless local loop (WLL) stations, personal digital assistants (PDAs), handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities, computing devices or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, terminal devices in 5G networks or terminal devices in future evolved public land mobile networks (PLMNs), etc. The embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.

[0089] As an example and not a limitation, in the embodiment of the present application, the terminal device may also be a wearable device. Wearable devices may also be called wearable smart devices, which are a general term for wearable devices that are intelligently designed and developed using wearable technology for daily wear, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing, and shoes. A wearable device is a portable device that is worn directly on the body or integrated into the user's clothes or accessories. Wearable devices are not only hardware devices, but also achieve powerful functions through software support, data interaction, and cloud interaction. Broadly speaking, wearable smart devices include those that are fully functional, large in size, and can achieve complete or partial functions without relying on smartphones, such as smart watches or smart glasses, as well as those that only focus on a certain type of application function and need to be used in conjunction with other devices such as smartphones, such as various smart bracelets and smart jewelry for vital sign monitoring.

[0090] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, the terminal device can also be a terminal device in an IoT system. IoT is an important part of the future development of information technology. Its main technical feature is to connect objects to the network through communication technology, thereby realizing an intelligent network that interconnects people and machines and things.

[0091] It should be noted that the terminal device and the access network device can communicate with each other using a certain air interface technology (such as NR or LTE technology). The terminal devices can also communicate with each other using a certain air interface technology (such as NR or LTE technology).

[0092] In the embodiments of the present application, the device for implementing the function of the terminal device can be the terminal device, or it can be a device that can support the terminal device to implement the function, such as a chip system or chip, which can be installed in the terminal device. In the embodiments of the present application, the chip system can be composed of a chip, or it can include a chip and other discrete devices.

[0093] 2. Radio Access Network (R)AN): Provides network access for authorized users in a specific area and utilizes transmission tunnels of varying quality based on user level and service requirements. (R)AN network elements manage radio resources, provide access services to terminal devices, and forward control signals and user data between terminal devices and the core network. (R)AN can also be understood as a base station in a traditional network.

[0094] 3. Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) network element: Mainly used for mobility management and access management. Specifically, the AMF can be used to implement other functions of the Mobility Management Entity (MME) in addition to session management, such as lawful interception or access authorization (or authentication).

[0095] For example, RAN equipment can adopt different wireless access technologies. There are currently two types of wireless access technologies: 3GPP access technology (for example, the wireless access technology used in the third generation (3G), fourth generation (4G) or 5G systems) and non-3GPP (non-3GPP) access technology. 3GPP access technology refers to access technology that complies with 3GPP standard specifications. For example, the access network equipment in the 5G system is called the next generation Node Base station (gNB) or RAN equipment. Non-3GPP access technologies may include air interface technologies represented by access points (APs) in wireless fidelity (WiFi), worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX), code division multiple access (CDMA), etc. AN equipment can allow terminal devices and the 3GPP core network to interconnect and communicate using non-3GPP technologies.

[0096] RAN equipment is responsible for radio resource management, quality of service (QoS) management, data compression and encryption, etc. on the air interface side. AN equipment provides access services to terminal devices and forwards control signals and user data between terminal devices and the core network.

[0097] RAN equipment may include, for example, but is not limited to: a macro base station, a micro base station (also known as a small station), a radio network controller (RNC), a node B (NB), a base station controller (BSC), a base transceiver station (BTS), a home base station (e.g., a home evolved NodeB, or home Node B, HNB), a baseband unit (BBU), an AP in a WiFi system, a wireless relay node, a wireless backhaul node, a transmission point (TP) or a transmission and reception point (TRP), etc. It may also be a gNB or a transmission point (TRP or TP) in a 5G (e.g., NR) system, one or a group of (including multiple antenna panels) antenna panels of a base station in a 5G system, or a network node constituting a gNB or a transmission point, such as a distributed unit (DU), or a base station in a next-generation communication 6G system. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific technology and specific device form adopted by the RAN equipment.

[0098] 4. Session Management Function (SMF) network element: Mainly used for session management, Internet Protocol (IP) address allocation and management of terminal devices, selection of endpoints for manageable user plane functions, policy control, or charging function interfaces, and downlink data notification.

[0099] 5. User plane function (UPF) network element: This element is used for packet routing and forwarding, as well as quality of service (QoS) processing for user plane data. The UPF is specifically divided into the intermediate-UPF (I-UPF) and the anchor-UPF (A-UPF). The I-UPF connects to the access network (RAN), while the A-UPF is the session anchor UPF, also known as the PDU session anchor (PSA).

[0100] 6. Data network (DN): a network used to provide data transmission, such as the Internet, etc. In the architecture of the embodiment of the present application, the PSA accesses the remote DN, and the L-PSA can access the local DN.

[0101] 7. Authentication server function (AUSF): mainly used for user authentication, etc.

[0102] 8. Policy control function (PCF) network element: A unified policy framework used to guide network behavior and provide policy rule information to control plane function network elements (such as AMF, SMF network elements, etc.).

[0103] 9. Unified data management (UDM): used to handle user identification, access authentication, registration, or mobility management.

[0104] 10. Operation administration and maintenance (OAM) refers to the division of network management work into three categories based on the actual needs of the operator's network operations: operation, administration, and maintenance. Operation mainly involves the analysis, prediction, planning, and configuration of daily network and business operations; maintenance mainly involves daily operational activities such as testing and fault management of the network and its services. The functions usually supported include one or more of the following: OAM discovery, link monitoring, remote fault indication, remote loopback testing, scalability, etc.

[0105] 11. Network slice selection function (NSSF) network element: used to select network slices.

[0106] 12. Network data analytics function (NWDAF) network element: NWDAF has at least one of the following functions: data collection function and data analysis function. The data collection function refers to the collection of relevant data from network elements, third-party service servers, terminal devices, or network management systems; the data analysis function refers to the analysis and training of models based on relevant input data, and the determination of data analysis results based on the model. The data analysis results are then provided to network elements, third-party service servers, terminal devices, or network management systems. The analysis results can assist the network in selecting service quality parameters, executing traffic routing, or selecting background traffic transmission strategies.

[0107] It should be noted that for a detailed introduction to NWDAF, please refer to the description in technical specification (TS) 23.501, which will not be described in detail in this application.

[0108] In the embodiments of the present application, the NWDAF may be a separate network element or may be co-located with other core network elements. For example, the NWDAF network element may be co-located with an access and mobility management function (AMF) network element or a session management function (SMF) network element.

[0109] The technical solution of this application introduces the network digital twin function (NDTF) network element, the artificial intelligence agent (AI Agent) and the network simulation function (NSF) network element. In order to facilitate the understanding of the solution provided by this application, these three network elements are first introduced below.

[0110] 13. NDTF network element

[0111] Before introducing the functions of NDTF, let’s first briefly introduce digital twins (DT).

[0112] Digital twin: This refers to the use of data from a physical device to construct a virtual entity and subsystem that represents the physical device in a virtual (information) space. This connection is not one-way and static, but rather is connected throughout the product lifecycle. A digital twin is a virtual model that is designed to accurately reflect the physical object. The research object (such as a wind turbine) is equipped with various sensors related to important functional areas. These sensors generate data on different aspects of the physical object's performance (such as energy output, temperature, weather conditions, etc.), which is then forwarded to a processing system and applied to the digital twin.

[0113] NDTF can perform the following functions: receiving tasks issued by AI agents, converting them into processing task chains for the digital network twin using the digital twin network function operation language and parsing model NDTQL, and optimizing task orchestration and scheduling. NDTF can also model digital twins. For example, the core network (5th generation core network, 5GC) of the fifth-generation mobile communication system can be rapidly instantiated using data. Changes in the physical network, network elements, and services can be mapped to the digital twin in real time. Based on object twins and relationship network modeling, the entire network status can be intuitively presented. Exemplarily, the NDTF mentioned in this application has at least the following four functions: (1) Based on the data collected from various network elements (for example, UPF, AMF, OAM, etc.), digital twin modeling is performed to generate the status information of the twin network; (2) Based on the subscription message of the AI ​​Agent and the established twin network, a certain event is monitored; (3) When the service experience of the monitored event is poor, a notification message is sent to the AI ​​Agent; (4) Based on the request message of the network simulation function network element, the status information of certain twin objects is sent to the network simulation function network element.

[0114] 14. AI Agent

[0115] The "AI Agent" in this application is an intelligent entity that can perceive the environment, make decisions and perform actions. AI Agent usually understands the user's intention based on a large language model (LLM) or a multimodal large model. For example, it can realize intelligent perception and autonomous decision-making of graphics, text, and voice input, realize the orchestration and distribution of the operation task chain of the network digital twin system, and support the intelligent presentation of the customer interface. Exemplarily, the AI ​​Agent mentioned in this application has at least the following four functions: (1) Send a subscription message to the NDTF to request monitoring of target events; (2) Determine the target protection strategy; (3) Send a request message to the network simulation function network element to request simulation; (4) Evaluate the effect of the physical network after executing the target protection strategy.

[0116] 15. Network simulation function network element

[0117] The "network simulation function network element" in this application can also be called "network simulation framework" or "intelligent simulation module". Generally speaking, the intelligent simulation module has the following functions: (1) Low-cost trial and error: It can perform real-time simulation based on the status information of the twin object obtained from NDTF, and then send it to the physical entity network after verification. It can also be understood that the intelligent simulation module can simulate the effects of executing the security policy on the physical network based on the triggering of the AI ​​Agent and the security policy provided by the AI ​​Agent. Before simulation, it is also necessary to request the NDTF to obtain the status information of the twin object required for simulation. During the simulation process, the input of the simulation model is the status information of the twin object and the target security policy, and the output of the simulation is the simulation result (for example, the user's service experience information after the security policy is executed, and the status information of the target cell after the target security policy is executed) (2) Intelligent decision-making: using network twins to monitor network status and combine AI / ML capabilities to generate the best decision; (3) Predictive adjustment: using NDTF and historical trajectories to predict future trends and generate adjusted security policies; (4) Network autonomous evolution: network self-learning, self-verification, and self-evolution capabilities.

[0118] In the embodiments of the present application, the deployment form of the NDTF, AI Agent, and intelligent simulation module can be, for example, each a separate network element, or they can be co-located with each other or with other core network elements. For example, it is possible to deploy some related functions in the NWDAF network element, or it is possible to deploy the network twin directly to its twin physical network element object (for example: UPF twin deployed in UPF network element, PCF twin deployed in PCF network element), and its deployment form is relatively flexible.

[0119] In this system architecture, the N1 interface is the reference point between the terminal device and the AMF; the N2 interface is the reference point between the (R)AN and the AMF, which is used for the non-access layer. stratum, NAS) message sending, etc.; N3 interface is the reference point between (R)AN and I-UPF, used to transmit user plane data, etc.; N4 interface is the reference point between SMF and PSA-UPF, used to transmit information such as tunnel identification information of N3 connection, data cache indication information, and downlink data notification message; N6 interface is the reference point between UPF and DN, used to transmit user plane data, etc.; N7 interface is the reference point between SMF and PCF; N8 interface is the reference point between AMF and UDM; N10 interface is the reference point between SMF and UDM; N11 interface is the reference point between AMF and SMF; N12 interface is the reference point between AMF and AUSF; N13 interface is the reference point between AUSF and UDM; N14 interface is the reference point between AMF; N15 interface is the reference point between AMF and PCF; N22 interface is the reference point between AMF and NSSF; N23 interface is the reference point between PCF and SMF.

[0120] It should be understood that the system architecture applied to the embodiment of the present application in Figure 1 above is only an example of the network architecture described from the perspective of the reference point architecture. The network architecture applicable to the embodiment of the present application is not limited to this. Any network architecture that can realize the functions of the above-mentioned network elements is applicable to the embodiment of the present application.

[0121] It should be noted that the interface names between the various network elements in Figure 1 are only examples. In specific implementations, the interface names may be other names, and this embodiment of the application does not specifically limit this. In addition, this application does not exclude the possibility that various core network network elements can be combined as technology evolves.

[0122] It should be noted that the names of the various network elements included in Figure 1 (such as SMF, AF, UPF, NDTF, NSF, etc.) are only examples and do not limit the functions of the network elements themselves. In 5G networks and other future networks, the above-mentioned network elements may also have other names, and the embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit this. For example, in a 6G network, some or all of the above-mentioned network elements may continue to use the terminology in 5G, or may adopt other names, etc., which are uniformly explained here and will not be repeated below. In addition, it should be understood that the name of the message (or signaling) transmitted between the above-mentioned network elements is only an example and does not constitute any limitation on the function of the message itself.

[0123] Based on the NWDAF data subscription collection, data analysis, and analysis result subscription and notification mechanism defined by the current 3GPP, a "key service experience perception and guarantee solution" can be implemented. However, in the existing solution, NWDAF only considers the service experience of certain services and certain users and guarantees them. However, this solution lacks the perception of the entire network status and the coordination of the service experience of other users in the network. For example, the following situations may occur: (1) When the service experience of some users is poor, a dedicated guaranteed bandwidth can be established for the user, but this may weaken the service experience of ordinary users; (2) In the existing solution, the guarantee strategy is preset in advance. If it is found that the experience of a certain service is poor, it may be that the current state of the network is indeed poor and cannot support the pre-configured guaranteed bandwidth. At this time, the guarantee effect is not significant. In view of this, the present application proposes a communication method that can determine the guarantee strategy based on the actual state of the current network, so as to better guarantee the user's service experience.

[0124] FIG2 is a schematic flow chart of a communication method 200 provided by the present application. The method 200 includes:

[0125] 201. A first network element sends a first subscription message to a target network element. The first subscription message is used to request acquisition of target information. The target information is used to represent a state of a physical network.

[0126] In this application, the first network element may be understood as the NDTF network element described above, for example.

[0127] In one possible implementation, if the target network element is an NWDAF network element, the first subscription message may be, for example, a Nnwdaf_DataManagement_Subscribe operation request. For example, the subscription message is used to request NWADF to obtain information about the twin object, and the twin object is mapped one-to-one with the physical object. Alternatively, it can also be understood that the subscription message is a request for data required for digital twin modeling of the network elements that the user service needs to access, the network topology, the VIP users with contracted guarantees, and the key services that need to guarantee the service experience. Subsequently, NWDAF can send a subscription request to each specific core network element based on the first subscription request message, thereby obtaining the target information required for digital twin modeling. Furthermore, NWDAF can generate status information of the physical object for mapping the twin object based on the first subscription message and the target information. For example, NWDAF can pre-process the target information collected from each core network element according to the dimensions of the twin object (for example, network element, network topology, user, service, etc.) to generate status information of the physical object.

[0128] 202. The first network element receives a first notification message from a target network element. The first notification message carries the target information.

[0129] In this application, target information includes information about physical objects in a physical network, wherein the physical objects include at least one of the following: network elements, network topology, users, and applications. Exemplarily, the physical objects may include network elements, network topology, users, and applications.

[0130] In this application, in one possible implementation, the "target network element" may be, for example, an NWDAF network element; in another possible implementation, the "target network element" may be a core network element such as an AMF, UPF, or OAM. It can also be understood that in this application, the first network element may directly send a subscription message to each core network element to subscribe to the target information on each network element. The first network element may also send a subscription request message to the NWDAF to subscribe to the target information on each network element, and then the NWDAF sends a subscription request message to each specific core network element, that is, the NWDAF uniformly collects the subscribed target information on each core network element.

[0131] Exemplarily, the first subscription request message may carry a network element identifier, a user identifier, and an application identifier. The first subscription request message may also subscribe to interfaces of surrounding network elements connected to each network element, traffic statistics, and the like. For example, a list of RAN radio base stations interacting with the UPF, traffic data exchanged between each base station, and identifiers of SMF network elements interacting with the UPF may be subscribed to, thereby obtaining network topology status information.

[0132] Exemplarily, "network element status information" includes at least one of the following: the type of network element, the resource specifications of the network element, the number of users carried on the network element, the distribution of users carried on the network element, the congestion status of users carried on the network element, and the distribution of network traffic carried on the network element.

[0133] Among them, the type of network element may include, for example, the network element name defined in the standard or the network element customized by the operator or equipment manufacturer. For example, UPF, SMF, PCF, UDM, RAN, Cell, etc. "Network element resource specifications" may include, for example, hardware specifications and / or service specifications. For example, hardware specifications may include at least one of the following: central processing unit (CPU) specifications, memory specifications, storage specifications; for example, service specifications may include the throughput supported by the network element and / or the number of users supported by the network element. "The distribution of users carried on the network element" may include, for example, the level of the user and / or the package used by the user. "The distribution of network traffic carried on the network element" may include, for example, different types of services, such as: video, live broadcast, telephone, web page and other services, and may also include services for users of different levels, such as: global communication, live broadcast service, game service.

[0134] Exemplarily, "network topology status information" includes at least one of the following: paths between network elements, interfaces between network elements, specifications of interfaces between network elements, traffic carried on interfaces between network elements, and distribution of traffic carried on interfaces between network elements. Optionally, it also includes network element status information.

[0135] Exemplarily, "user information" includes at least one of the following: user attributes, user subscription information, and user-specific quality of service (QoS) parameters. "User attributes" include both inherent user attributes and dynamically changing attributes. For example, "inherent user attributes" may include the user's gender, age, and so on. "Dynamically changing user attributes" may include, for example, the user's subscription package. "User subscription information" may include, for example, the user's subscription package information. "QoS parameters" may include, for example, bandwidth.

[0136] Exemplarily, the "application information" includes at least one of the following: the type of application, the start time of the service corresponding to the application, the duration of the service corresponding to the application, the throughput of the traffic used by the service corresponding to the application, the rate of the traffic used by the service corresponding to the application, the service experience of the application, and the QoS parameters of the service corresponding to the carried application.

[0137] In one possible implementation, the NWDAF sends a first notification message to the first network element. The first notification message carries the status information of the physical object, where the status information of the physical object is used to generate the status information of the twin object. The twin object is mapped one-to-one with the physical object, and the status information of the twin object is used to monitor the status of the physical network and the service experience. Exemplarily, the first notification message can be Nnwdaf_DataManagement_Notify.

[0138] 203. The first network element generates status information of the twin network according to the target information.

[0139] In this application, the state information of the twin network includes the state information of the twin object.

[0140] Based on the above technical solution, the NDTF network element generates the status information of the twin network by obtaining the status information of one or more physical objects in the physical network. Therefore, the status information of the twin network can reflect the status information of one or more dimensions of the entire network. Based on the status information of the twin network, the status and service experience of the entire physical network can be monitored. The twin network can achieve real-time synchronization with the physical network, which improves the efficiency of perceiving the real status of the physical network. In addition, when the service experience is monitored to be poor, other network elements are notified in time to assist other network elements in determining the target protection strategy based on the actual status of the current physical network, which can better guarantee the service experience.

[0141] FIG3 is a schematic flow chart of a communication method 300 provided in the present application. The method 300 includes:

[0142] 301. A second network element obtains first information, where the first information is used to indicate a type of task issued by a user.

[0143] In this application, the second network element can be understood as the AI ​​Agent introduced above, for example.

[0144] In one possible implementation, the second network element may receive the first information from the user. In another possible implementation, the second network element may receive the first information from the operator. For example, the operator sends the user's intention to the second network element through voice or text description. For example, the user's intention is to require the network to analyze and present the service access information of a certain VIP user or user group, the changing trend of the service experience, and to improve the experience of a certain APP application. In another possible implementation, the first information is pre-set in the second network element, and the first information can indicate the user's intention.

[0145] 302. The second network element determines the type of the task according to the first information.

[0146] The types of tasks in this application include at least one of the following: a task of monitoring target events, a task of determining a target assurance policy, a task of requesting simulation, and a task of evaluating the effect of the business experience after the physical network executes the target assurance policy.

[0147] Exemplarily, the second network element may understand the first information sent by the operator based on the multimodal large model and determine the task type.

[0148] The following describes the corresponding application scenarios for each different task.

[0149] Scenario 1: Task of monitoring target events

[0150] In one possible implementation, the second network element may send a second subscription message to the first network element, where the second subscription message is used to subscribe to the monitoring target event from the first network element. The second network element receives a second notification message from the first network element, where the second notification message is used to indicate that the service experience of the application corresponding to the target event is poor.

[0151] For example, the second subscription message carries the identifier of the target event and the identifier of the target twin object corresponding to the target event, wherein the twin object is mapped one-to-one with the physical object, and the physical object includes at least one of the following: network element, network topology, user, service, and the status information of each twin object is used to monitor the status of the physical network and the service experience. For example, the identifier of the target twin object includes at least one of the following: the identifier of the target user, the identifier of the target service, and the identifier of the target cell. Specifically, the status information of each physical object can be understood with reference to the description in method 200 and will not be repeated here.

[0152] For example, the second notification message carries at least one of the following: an identifier of a target user, an identifier of a target service, an identifier of a target cell, experience information of the target user accessing the target service, and an indicator of the target user accessing the target service.

[0153] For example, the target event includes at least one of the following: service experience of the target service of the target user, congestion status of the target cell where the target user is located, congestion status of the target cell, and service experience of the service in the target cell.

[0154] Scenario 2: Determining the Target Assurance Strategy

[0155] In one possible implementation, the second network element may send a second subscription message to the first network element, where the second subscription message is used to request monitoring of the target event; the second network element receives a second notification message from the first network element, where the second notification message is used to indicate that the service experience of the application corresponding to the target event is poor; the second network element determines the target guaranteed bandwidth and target guarantee policy corresponding to the target event based on the second notification message.

[0156] Exemplarily, the target guarantee strategy includes at least one of the following: updating or adding a dedicated bearer with a guaranteed bit rate (GBR), updating or adding a QoS flow identifier (QFI), deleting or updating a dedicated bearer established in the target cell, deleting or updating a service quality flow identifier QFI established in the target cell, limiting the bandwidth of some non-real-time services in the target cell, and limiting the bandwidth of services based on different user levels in the target cell.

[0157] Scenario 3: Requesting Simulation Tasks

[0158] In one possible implementation, the second network element sends a second request message to the third network element, where the second request message carries an identifier of a target event and a target security policy, and the second request message is used to request simulation of the effect produced by executing the target security policy on the physical network; the second network element receives a second response message from the third network element, where the second response message carries a simulation result; the second network element determines the target security policy corresponding to the target event based on the simulation result.

[0159] In this application, for example, the third network element can be understood as the network simulation function network element introduced above.

[0160] In this scenario, "the second network element determines the target protection strategy corresponding to the target event based on the simulation results" can also be understood as that the second network element can re-determine the target protection strategy based on the simulation results. For example, the second network element may also continue to use the strategy that was initially determined. For another example, the second network element may also adjust the target protection strategy again based on the simulation results.

[0161] Scenario 4: Evaluation Tasks

[0162] In one possible implementation, the second network element receives first indication information from the first network element, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the status information of the target twin object corresponding to the target event has changed; the second network element evaluates the effect of the service experience after the physical network executes the target assurance policy based on the first indication information.

[0163] For example, the second network element can send change information based on the status information of the target twin object reported by the first network element, evaluate the effectiveness of the physical network in executing the target assurance strategy, continuously learn and record, and enhance the ability of intelligent and refined policy adjustment.

[0164] Based on the above technical solutions, this application expands the functionality of AI Agent. For example, AI Agent can support understanding and decomposing customer intent through the intent framework, and dynamically deliver, perceive, and present the service experience of target users through NDTF and network simulation functional network elements. AIAgent can combine network simulation functional network elements to achieve intelligent decision-making and optimized policy execution for service experience optimization strategies, and the AIAgent agent completes a complete closed-loop solution based on effect evaluation and enhanced learning after policy execution.

[0165] FIG4 is a schematic flow chart of a communication method 400 provided in the present application. The method 400 includes:

[0166] 401. The third network element receives a second request message from the second network element. The second request message carries an identifier of a target event and a target assurance policy. The second request message is used to request simulation of an effect produced by executing the target assurance policy on the physical network.

[0167] In this application, for example, the third network element can be understood as the network simulation function network element introduced above.

[0168] Exemplarily, the information of the target guarantee strategy includes at least one of the following: updating or adding a dedicated bearer with a guaranteed bit rate GBR, updating or adding a service quality flow identifier QFI, deleting or updating the dedicated bearer established in the target cell, deleting or updating the service quality flow identifier QFI established in the target cell, limiting the bandwidth of some non-real-time services in the target cell, and limiting the bandwidth of services based on different user levels in the target cell.

[0169] In this application, the target event includes at least one of the following: service experience of the target service of the target user, congestion status of the target cell where the target user is located, congestion status of the target cell, and service experience of the service in the target cell.

[0170] 402. The third network element obtains the status information of the target twin object corresponding to the target event from the first network element according to the second request message.

[0171] Among them, twin objects are mapped one-to-one with physical objects. Physical objects include at least one of the following: network elements, network topology, users, and services. The status information of each twin object is used to monitor the status of the physical network and the service experience. Specifically, the status information of each physical object can be found in the description of the above method 200 and will not be repeated here.

[0172] In one possible implementation, the third network element sends a first request message to the first network element based on the second request message, and the first request message is used to request the status information of the target twin object; the third network element receives a first response message from the first network element, and the first response message carries the status information of the target twin object. Exemplarily, the first request message carries the identifier of the target cell. The status information of the target twin object includes at least one of the following: the physical resource block PRB utilization rate of the target cell, the number of target users included in the target cell, the number of messages and bytes transmitted in the target cell, the guaranteed bandwidth of the dedicated bearer allocated to the target cell, and the guaranteed bandwidth of the service quality flow identifier QFI of the target cell.

[0173] 403. The third network element performs simulation according to the state information of the target twin object, the target assurance strategy and the simulation model, and generates simulation results.

[0174] Specifically, the input of the simulation model includes the state information of the target twin object, the target assurance strategy and the simulation model for simulation.

[0175] Exemplarily, the simulation result may include: service experience information of the target user after the physical network executes the target protection policy, and status information of the target cell after the physical network executes the target protection policy.

[0176] Based on the above technical solution, the network simulation function network element can perform simulation based on the request message of the AI ​​Agent. Before the simulation, it can obtain the required status information of the target twin object from the NDTF and send the simulation results to the AI ​​Agent. The AI ​​Agent will finally determine the protection strategy. Through the simulation of the network simulation function network element, it can be predicted in advance whether the target protection strategy is suitable for the current network status and whether it can improve the user's service experience.

[0177] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between the AI ​​Agent, NDTF, and network simulation functional network element provided in this application. As shown in Figure 5, the AI ​​Agent in this application is an AI entity that integrates perception, decision-making, evaluation, and learning functions. The AI ​​Agent can implement multi-dimensional intelligent perception, including understanding customer intent, data access, and visualization. In this application, the AI ​​Agent can drive the network simulation functional network element to simulate assurance policies and make intelligent decisions. The "network simulation functional network element" in this application can perform network simulation predictions based on intelligent simulation sandbox technology and information from mirrored twin objects, and continuously optimize the AI ​​Agent's decisions, thereby achieving simulation optimization. The NDTF in this application can achieve mapping from real physical objects to twin objects, which can also be understood as mapping network data to the data corresponding to the twin objects, thereby achieving a combination of virtual and real. For example, the mapping can be based on expert experience in network twin object modeling. In addition, the NDTF in this application can, for example, adopt a multi-dimensional network service model to implement digital twin modeling in multiple dimensions of "network element-network topology-user-service", thereby achieving governance of digital twin models and data.

[0178] The technical solution provided in this application is described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments and the interaction between specific core network elements in the core network.

[0179] FIG6 is a schematic flow chart of a communication method 600 provided by the present application. As shown in FIG6 , the method includes:

[0180] 601. The NDTF sends a first subscription message to the NWDAF. The first subscription message is used to request to obtain target information.

[0181] Correspondingly, the NWDAF receives the first subscription message from the NDTF.

[0182] In this application, target information is used to characterize information about physical objects in a physical network, and physical objects include at least one of the following: network element, network topology, user, and service.

[0183] For example, the NDTF can initiate a data subscription instruction to the NWDAF through the "Network Data Analysis Function_Data Management Service_Subscription Operation" Nnwdaf_Data Management_Subscribe (an example of the first subscription message) service. The parameters carried in the subscription message include at least one of the following: a list of twin network elements of the service-related network topology (for example, UE, RAN, UPF), a list of subscribed VIP users (for example, including user identifiers), a list of key services that require experience guarantee (for example, service identifiers), and the like.

[0184] 602. NWDAF obtains target information according to the first subscription message.

[0185] Optionally, NWDAF can initiate event subscription requests to UPF, AMF and OAM respectively.

[0186] Exemplarily, NWDAF can subscribe to the services and experience information accessed by the contracted VIP users through Nupf_EventExposure_Subscribe. Based on the received subscription request message, UPF starts the collection and reporting of the services and experience information accessed by VIP users according to the list of VIP user identifiers of the contracted and guaranteed services and the list of key services that need to be guaranteed in the message. For example, UPF can report the target information to NWDAF through the Nupf_Event Exposure_Notify message. For example, the notification message may carry one or more of the following: user identification, service type, service experience quality (QoE) data, key performance indicators (KPI). For example, KPIs may include the latency, bandwidth, rate, etc. corresponding to the service.

[0187] For example, NWDAF can subscribe to the real-time location information of the contracted VIP user from AMF through Namf_EventExposure_Subscribe. Based on the received subscription request message, AMF collects the real-time location information of the specified user according to the list of VIP user identifiers of the contracted guarantee carried in the message. For example, AMF can report the target information to NWDAF through Namf_EventExposure_Notify.

[0188] For example, the NWDAF can subscribe to RAN device information and KPI indicators from the OAM through OAM_Subscribe. Based on the received subscription request message, the OAM can periodically collect KPI indicators for the specified cell. For example, it can collect information such as physical resource block (PRB) utilization, number of users, and traffic flow, and report this target information to the NWDAF.

[0189] It should be noted that in this application, the specific introduction of subscription messages and notification messages of each network element can be found in the description of the protocol, and this application will no longer introduce the message in detail.

[0190] 603 : NWDAF generates state information of the physical object according to the first subscription message and the target information.

[0191] For example, NWDAF can pre-process the target information reported by UPF, AMF, and OAM according to the twin object dimension (i.e., business-related network topology twin network elements (terminal equipment UE, wireless RAN, UPF user plane functional entity), contracted VIP users, and key services that require experience guarantee), thereby generating status information of the physical objects used to map the twin objects.

[0192] 604. The NWDAF sends a first notification message to the NDTF. The first notification message carries status information of the physical object.

[0193] Correspondingly, the NDTF receives the first notification message from the NWDAF.

[0194] Exemplarily, the first notification message may be Nnwdaf_DataManagement_Notify.

[0195] In this application, the physical object is mapped one-to-one to the twin object, and the state information of the physical object is used to generate the state information of the twin object, and the state information of the twin object is used to monitor the state and service experience of the physical network.

[0196] 605, NDTF generates state information of the twin network based on the state information of the physical object.

[0197] It should be noted that in another possible implementation, if the NDTF collects information directly from each core network element, the NDTF can directly generate the status information of the twin network based on the collected target information. In this embodiment, since the NDTF sends a subscription message to the NWDAF to collect information, after the NWDAF collects the target information, it can first pre-process the target information to generate the status information of the physical object, so that the NDTF can use it more conveniently, thereby generating the status information of the twin object and further generating the status information of the twin network.

[0198] In this application, the state information of the twin network includes the state information of the twin object.

[0199] For example, NDTF performs digital twin modeling of network elements involved in user service access, network topology, VIP users with contracted guarantees, and key services that require guaranteed experience based on target information. As mentioned above, in this application, in another possible implementation, NDTF can also directly call the EventExposure_Subscribe event open subscription service of devices such as UPF, AMF, and OAM to obtain their respective target information.

[0200] In this application, after NDTF completes the modeling, it can provide the subscription and notification interface of the status information of the twin objects to the outside through Nndtf_TwinsStatus_Subscribe or Nndtf_TwinsStatus_Notify.

[0201] The following describes the subscription and notification messages of NDTF in this application. For example, they can be defined in the following way:

[0202] Service operation name: Nndtf_TwinsStatus_Subscribe

[0203] Service Description: The AI ​​Agent or other core network elements subscribe to the NDTF network twin status events.

[0204] Input parameters, required: network twin ID (for example: user twin object and cell twin object), notification association ID, event ID (user key service experience monitoring event, user cell status monitoring event, congested cell user service access experience monitoring event, specified cell status monitoring event).

[0205] Input parameters, optional: UE ID, event-specific parameters, policy timestamp, application ID, and flow filtering conditions, etc.

[0206] Output parameters, required: network twin data and status.

[0207] Output parameter, optional: None.

[0208] Service operation name: Nndtf_TwinsStatus_Notify

[0209] Service Description: When an event occurs in which an AI Agent or other core network element subscribes to the twin status from the NDTF network twin, NDTF notifies the AI ​​Agent or other core network element of relevant event information about one or more network twin data and status through this service.

[0210] Input parameters, required: network twin ID (for example: user twin object and cell twin object), notification association ID, event ID (user key service experience monitoring event, user cell status monitoring event, congested cell user service access experience monitoring event, specified cell status monitoring event).

[0211] Input parameters, optional: UE ID, event-specific parameters, policy timestamp, application ID, and flow filtering conditions, etc.

[0212] Output parameters, required: network twin data and status.

[0213] Output parameter, optional: None.

[0214] On the other hand, as mentioned above, the AI ​​Agent in this application is an intelligent functional entity that can perceive the environment, make decisions, and execute actions. In this application, the AI ​​Agent receives the operator's instructions in the form of voice, text, or configuration files, requiring customers who have signed up for VIP service experience protection to ensure that the overall experience in the community is controllable, and then guarantees the key service experience of VIP users.

[0215] It should be noted that there is no specific order of action between the following steps 606 and 607 and the previous steps 601 to 605. In other words, steps 606 and 607 can be executed in parallel with steps 601 to 605, or before steps 601 to 605, without limitation.

[0216] 606. The AI ​​Agent obtains first information, where the first information is used to indicate the type of task issued by the user.

[0217] Exemplarily, the AI ​​Agent receives first information from a user, where the first information may indicate the type of task issued by the user (which may also be understood as the user's intention). Exemplarily, the type of task in this application may be at least one of the following: a task of monitoring a target event, a task of determining a target assurance policy, a task of requesting simulation, and a task of evaluating the effect of a service experience after a physical network executes a target assurance policy.

[0218] 607. The AI ​​Agent determines the type of task based on the first information.

[0219] In this embodiment, it is assumed that the type of task issued by the user is a task of monitoring a target event. Therefore, the AI ​​Agent determines the type of task is a task of monitoring a target event based on the first information.

[0220] Furthermore, in one possible scenario, the task of monitoring the target event may specifically include: the target user's service experience of the target service, or the congestion status of the target cell where the target user resides. For example, the target user may be a VIP user. In another possible scenario, the task of monitoring the target event may specifically include the congestion status of the target cell, or the service experience of the services within the target cell. For example, the target user may be a designated cell or a congested cell.

[0221] For example, the AI ​​Agent receives the task of intelligently ensuring differentiated service experience control for users of different levels in congested cells.

[0222] For example, the AI ​​Agent receives the first information from the user and decomposes it into the following tasks: obtaining the status of the specified user's twin object, perceiving the specified APP application experience, and improving the APP application experience.

[0223] 608. The AI ​​Agent sends a second subscription message to the NDTF, where the second subscription message is used to subscribe to the monitoring target event.

[0224] Correspondingly, the NDTF receives the second subscription message from the AI ​​Agent.

[0225] In this application, the second subscription message may carry the identifier of the target event and the identifier of the target twin object corresponding to the target event. For example, the identifier of the target twin object includes at least one of the following: the identifier of the target user, the identifier of the target service, and the identifier of the target cell.

[0226] Exemplarily, the AI ​​Agent may send an Nndtf_TwinsStatus_Subscribe message (an example of a second subscription message) to the NDTF. For example, the message carries at least one of the following: a list of VIP user identifiers, VIP user contract attributes (i.e., used to define which user-corresponding twin objects need to be monitored), identifiers of user key service experience monitoring events, identifiers of user cell status monitoring events, and so on.

[0227] Exemplarily, the AI ​​Agent may send an Nndtf_TwinsStatus_Subscribe message to the NDTF, for example, the message may carry at least one of the following: a list of identifiers of designated cells, cell congestion attributes, an identifier of a congested cell user service access experience monitoring event, an identifier of a designated cell status monitoring event, and the like.

[0228] 609. The NDTF determines the status information of the target twin object corresponding to the target event in the status information of the twin network according to the second subscription message, and monitors the target twin object.

[0229] Exemplarily, after receiving the task of monitoring the service experience of the target service of the target user and the congestion status of the target cell where the target user is located, the NDTF can filter out the user twin objects corresponding to the VIP users to be monitored based on the list of VIP user identifiers and VIP user contract attributes carried in the second subscription message, start access experience monitoring for the application twin objects corresponding to the key services accessed by the user twin objects corresponding to these users, and then scan the cell information to which these user twin objects belong, and monitor the cell twin objects. Correspondingly, the user twin objects and cell twin objects can achieve real-time refresh of twin object data through the data collection method in the previous steps.

[0230] Exemplarily, after receiving the task of monitoring the congestion status of the target cell and the task of monitoring the service experience of the service in the target cell, the NDTF can monitor the congestion status of the cell twin objects that meet the conditions based on the list of specified cell IDs and cell congestion attributes carried in the second subscription message, and when the congested cell status changes, obtain the service access and experience information of the user twin objects in the cell in real time. Correspondingly, the user twin object and the cell twin object realize the real-time refresh of the twin object data through the data collection method in the previous step.

[0231] Exemplarily, based on the received task, NDTF obtains two event subscription tasks, namely, the state of the specified user twin object and the perception of the application experience, and queries the state of the user twin object based on the list of specified user IDs issued. Exemplarily, NDTF can send at least one of the following to the AI ​​Agent through a second notification message: the specified user ID, the change in the user cell location, the access service list and its service access KPI and experience information, etc. At this time, the AI ​​Agent generates a visual service distribution diagram, a service trend diagram, an experience change trend diagram, a location change trend diagram, etc. based on the received second notification message, and feeds it back to the user, thereby presenting a visual chart to the user.

[0232] 610. When NDTF determines that the business experience of the application corresponding to the target twin object is poor, NDTF sends a second notification message to the AI ​​Agent, where the second notification message is used to indicate that the business experience of the application corresponding to the target event is poor.

[0233] Correspondingly, the AI ​​Agent receives the second notification message from the NDTF.

[0234] For example, the second notification message carries at least one of the following: the target user's identifier, the target service's identifier, the target cell's identifier, the target user's experience information for accessing the target service, and an indicator of the target user's access to the target service.

[0235] For example, when NDTF perceives that the service experience of the application twin object corresponding to the VIP user has deteriorated, it can send an Nndtf_TwinsStatus_Notify message to the AI ​​Agent to notify the AI ​​Agent.

[0236] 611. The AI ​​Agent determines the target assurance policy corresponding to the target event according to the second notification message.

[0237] For example, the AI ​​Agent's second notification message, combined with the status information of the cell where the user is located, obtains from memory the guaranteed bandwidth required for the key services accessed by the VIP user at the specific resolution required to ensure the experience (for example, the specific resolution is 1080P) (for example, guaranteed bandwidth requirement: GBR>10Mbps), and determines the target guarantee strategy. For example, the target guarantee strategy is: based on the status of the twin object of the cell where the user is located, determine the need to add a dedicated bearer or QFI with GBR for simulation, predict the changes in user experience and the impact on other user experiences of the cell's key service experience.

[0238] For example, the AI ​​Agent retrieves from memory the user's non-real-time experience-insensitive service list based on the second notification message and the service access information of users within the cell, and determines the target guarantee policy based on the guaranteed bandwidth required for adaptive bitrate (ABR) services of different user levels at a specific resolution (e.g., 1080p) to guarantee the experience (e.g., guaranteed bandwidth requirement: GBR > 10Mbps). For example, the target guarantee policy may include: deleting or updating the dedicated bearers or QFIs established for some users; limiting the bandwidth of some non-real-time services (e.g., limiting the bandwidth of peer-to-peer (P2P) and file transfer protocol (FTP) file download services); limiting ABR video services to bandwidths of different resolution levels based on different user levels (e.g., guaranteeing a 720p video bitrate with a maximum bandwidth of 5Mbps for VIP users and a 360p video bitrate with a maximum bandwidth of 2Mbps for regular users), etc.

[0239] 612. The AI ​​Agent sends a second request message to the network simulation function network element. The second request message carries the identifier of the target event and the target assurance policy. The second request message is used to request simulation of the effect produced by executing the target assurance policy on the physical network.

[0240] Correspondingly, the network simulation model receives the second request message from the AI ​​Agent.

[0241] Exemplarily, the AI ​​Agent sends a Twin_Function_Simulation_Request message (an example of a second request message) to the network simulation function element. The request message carries at least one of the following: information about the cell where the VIP user is located, the type of service the user requires, and new or updated GBR dedicated bearer or QFI information policies. Alternatively, the request message carries at least one of the following: policies for deleting or updating established dedicated bearers and QFIs for some users, limiting the bandwidth of some non-real-time services, and adjusting bandwidth to limit ABR video services to different resolution levels based on different user levels. In addition, the request message also carries the identifier of the target event, which corresponds to the corresponding monitoring task.

[0242] The following briefly introduces the Twin_Function_Simulation_Request message. For example, the Twin_Function_Simulation_Request message can be defined in the following manner.

[0243] Service Operation Name: Twin_Function_Simulation_Request

[0244] Service Description: The simulation function service and interface provided by the network simulation function network element.

[0245] Input parameter, required: simulation function ID (for example, simulation instruction for adding a GBR dedicated bearer or QFI to the target cell)

[0246] Input parameters, optional: twin object ID (for example, user twin and cell twin involved in experience assurance) and the policy to be executed (for example, the GBR dedicated bearer or QFI to be added).

[0247] Output parameters, required: simulation results (cell status prediction results, user experience change data).

[0248] Output parameter, optional: None.

[0249] 613. The network simulation function network element obtains the status information of the target twin object corresponding to the target event from the NDTF according to the second request message.

[0250] In one possible implementation, the network simulation function network element sends a first request message to the NDTF based on the second request message, where the first request message is used to request the status information of the target twin object. The NDTF sends a first response message to the network simulation function network element based on the first request message, where the first response message carries the status information of the target twin object.

[0251] For example, the status information of the target twin object includes at least one of the following: the physical resource block (PRB) utilization rate of the target cell, the number of target users included in the target cell, the number of messages or bytes transmitted in the target cell, the guaranteed bandwidth of the dedicated bearer allocated to the target cell, and the guaranteed bandwidth of the service quality flow identifier (QFI) of the target cell.

[0252] Exemplarily, the network simulation function network element sends an Nndtf_TwinsMapping_Request message (an example of a first request message) to the NDTF to request a mapping request for the twin object, and the message carries at least one of the following: the cell identifier of the VIP user. The NDTF sends an Nndtf_TwinsMapping_Response message (an example of a first response message) to the network simulation function network element, which carries the current status information of the cell twin object (for example, it may include the cell's PRB utilization, number of users, uplink and downlink traffic, allocated dedicated bearers, or guaranteed bandwidth scale of QFI, etc.).

[0253] 614. The network simulation function network element performs simulation according to the simulation model and generates simulation results.

[0254] Among them, the input of the simulation model includes the status information of the target twin object and the target assurance strategy.

[0255] For example, the network simulation function element can simulate the function of key service experience based on the simulation model to predict the changes in user experience and the impact on other user experiences in the cell. In one possible implementation, the network simulation function element can load the twin object instance and the function model, delete or update the established dedicated bearer or QFI in the simulation sandbox, limit the bandwidth of some non-real-time services, and simulate the bandwidth adjustment of ABR video services to different resolution levels based on different user levels.

[0256] 615. The network simulation function network element sends a second response message to the AI ​​Agent, where the second response message carries the simulation result.

[0257] For example, the simulation result includes at least one of the following: service experience information of the target user after executing the target protection strategy, and status information of the target cell after executing the target protection strategy. Optionally, the simulation result also includes service experience information of users other than the target user in the target cell.

[0258] Exemplarily, the network simulation function element may send a Twin_Function_Simulation_Response message (an example of a second response message) to the AI ​​Agent, which carries the simulation results. For example, the simulation results include: changes in the VIP user's key service experience after the implementation of GBR guarantee, changes in cell status, whether the experience of other users in the cell can be higher than a specified threshold and is acceptable, and other information. For another example, the simulation results include: changes in cell status after the implementation of the policy, changes in the user's differentiated service experience, and other information.

[0259] 616, the AI ​​Agent determines the target assurance strategy corresponding to the target event based on the simulation results.

[0260] For example, the AI ​​Agent can intelligently adjust the target guarantee policy based on the simulation results. For example, if the service experience is still low after the simulation, the guaranteed bandwidth can be increased. Or, if the experience of other users in the cell is severely affected after the simulation, the guaranteed bandwidth can be reduced. Or, the QoS policy for some low-priority users can be adjusted to save bandwidth for VIP users.

[0261] For example, the AI ​​Agent intelligently adjusts the target guarantee strategy based on the simulation results. For example, if the cell congestion persists after the simulation, the GBR guaranteed bandwidth can be reduced, the bandwidth for non-real-time services can be further reduced, and the clarity and bandwidth required for ABR video services can be lowered.

[0262] In this application, multiple simulation verifications can be supported. If the experience of key users can be improved while ensuring the experience of other users in the cell, the relevant analysis results and execution-related policy information can be notified to NWDAF by extending Nnwdaf_AnalyticsInfo_ContextTransfer, and NWDAF notifies PCF through Nnwdaf_AnalyticsSubscription_Notify to establish a dedicated bearer or QFI to ensure the service experience of key users.

[0263] In one possible implementation, NWDAF supports the subscription and query functions of the analysis results of the extended ServiceExperienceOptimization_Analysis based on the service quality optimization strategy. For example, the key fields are described as follows:

[0264] (1) Subscribe to events, use event = IntelligentCellCongestionControl_Analysis.

[0265] (2) Subscribed cell ID.

[0266] (3) Subscription session identifier (for users in cells that require congestion control to notify the PCF and adjust policies), using the supi and pduSeId fields. supi and pduSeId uniquely identify a PDU session; GPSI can be optionally carried.

[0267] (4) Subscribed user identification, using the ueIpv4 / ueIpv6 and ipDomain fields. ueIpv4 / ueIpv6 and ipdomain uniquely identify a user.

[0268] (5) Business identification, carried by appIds in eventSubscriptions, can monitor the experience of multiple business IDs at the same time.

[0269] (6) NWDAF analyzes the notification target and uses the notificationURI field to carry it.

[0270] For example, the subscription message and notification message may carry one or more of the following: App ID, QoE, 5QI, ARP, uplink guaranteed bit rate (UL guaranteed bitrate), downlink guaranteed bit rate (DL guaranteed bitrate). Among them, App ID is the identifier of the application, QoE is the application service experience score returned by NWDAF, 5QI is the recommended 5QI obtained by AI Agent analysis, ARP is the recommended ARP obtained by AI Agent analysis, uplink guaranteed bit rate is the recommended uplink guaranteed bandwidth obtained by AI Agent analysis, and downlink guaranteed bit rate is the recommended downlink guaranteed bandwidth obtained by AI Agent analysis. Specifically, the meaning of each field representation can be found in the description in Table 1 below.

[0271] Table 1

[0272] 617, PCF triggers the physical network to execute the target assurance policy through standard processes.

[0273] For example, the PCF triggers the SMF, UPF, RAN, and UE through standard procedures to establish a dedicated bearer or QFI with GBR guarantee for the VIP user, and the VIP user's services will be carried on the corresponding QFI or dedicated bearer.

[0274] Exemplarily, PCF triggers policy execution through standard processes to delete or update established dedicated bearers or QFIs, limit the bandwidth of some non-real-time services, and limit ABR video services to bandwidth adjustments of different resolution levels based on different user levels.

[0275] 618. NDTF continuously collects data from each core network element through NWDAF, and updates the status information of user twin objects and cell twin objects based on real-time data.

[0276] Exemplarily, the NDTF obtains updated target information of the target network element, where the updated target information is generated after the physical network executes the target assurance policy. The NDTF updates the status information of the twin network based on the updated target information.

[0277] 619. When NDTF determines that the state information of the target twin object corresponding to the target event has changed, NDTF sends first indication information to the AI ​​Agent, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the state information of the target twin object has changed.

[0278] Correspondingly, the AI ​​Agent receives the first indication information from the NDTF.

[0279] 620. The AI ​​Agent evaluates the effect of the service experience after the physical network executes the target assurance policy according to the first instruction information.

[0280] For example, based on the second indication information reported by the NDTF, the AIAgent agent evaluates the effect of the physical network executing the target assurance strategy, continuously learns and records, and thus enhances the ability to adjust the strategy intelligently and finely.

[0281] Based on the first indication information reported by the NDTF, the AI ​​Agent evaluates the execution results of the task of improving the service experience of the specified user. If the expected effect is achieved, the AI ​​Agent notifies the user that the task is completed. Otherwise, the AI ​​Agent continues to adjust the strategy to perform the experience optimization task. The number of iterations of the optimization measures is configurable.

[0282] From the above technical solution, it can be seen that this application provides a new mechanism for safeguarding the user's service experience. First, NDTF builds a twin network and monitors specific twin objects. When it senses that the specific service experience is poor, it sends a notification to the AI ​​Agent, which preliminarily generates a target protection strategy based on the actual state of the current physical network. Then, the network simulation network element can simulate the target protection strategy. The purpose of the simulation is to see whether the service experience will be improved after the target protection strategy is executed according to the current state of the real physical network, and whether the impact on the entire physical network is significant. If the simulation effect is good, NWDAF can send the target protection strategy to the real physical network. If the simulation effect is not good, the AI ​​Agent needs to adjust the protection strategy and simulate again until it is adjusted and optimized to a relatively good target protection strategy, and finally let the real physical network execute the target protection strategy. Furthermore, the AI ​​Agent can also evaluate the effect of the physical network after executing the target protection strategy, so as to continuously learn and improve decision-making.

[0283] In other words, in this application, a twin network can be generated based on the actual state of the current physical network. The AI ​​Agent triggers and generates target protection strategies or other management and control strategies based on the perception of the twin network, and then determines the implementation effect of the target strategy by performing functional simulation of the protection or other management and control strategies on the corresponding twin objects, thereby selecting the optimal strategy to better protect the user's business experience.

[0284] Based on the above technical solution, in this application, the three functional entities of AIAgent, NDTF, and network simulation function network element, combined with the original NWDAF data collection, data analysis, analysis result subscription and notification mechanism of the intelligent surface, extend the AIAgent intelligent body through the subscription and notification mechanism of the network twin, to realize the network twin modeling, virtual-reality mapping and state perception of twin objects such as wireless cells, users, and services, and can be combined with the network simulation function network element to realize intelligent decision-making of service experience optimization strategy, optimization strategy execution, AIAgent intelligent body based on strategy execution to complete effect evaluation and enhanced learning. A complete closed-loop solution, based on this solution, can better guarantee the user's service experience.

[0285] It can be understood that in this application, "under the circumstances of...", "if" and "if" all mean that the device will take corresponding actions under certain objective circumstances, and do not limit the time. It does not require that the device must perform judgment actions when it is implemented, nor does it mean that there are other limitations.

[0286] It should be understood that the term "and / or" in this document simply describes an association between related objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists alone. Furthermore, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0287] The above mainly introduces the solution provided by the embodiment of the present application from the perspective of the interaction between each node. It can be understood that each node, such as a network digital twin functional network element, a network simulation functional network element, an artificial intelligence assistant, and a network data analysis functional network element, in order to realize the above functions, includes a hardware structure and / or software module corresponding to each function. Those skilled in the art should be aware that, in combination with the units and algorithm steps of each example described in the embodiments disclosed herein, the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in a hardware or computer software driven hardware manner depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0288] The embodiment of the present application can divide the functional modules of each core network element involved according to the above method example. For example, each functional module can be divided according to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module. The above integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional modules. It should be noted that the division of modules in the embodiment of the present application is schematic and is only a logical functional division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation. The following is an example of dividing each functional module according to each function.

[0289] FIG7 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device 100 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in the figure, the device 100 may include a transceiver unit 110 and a processing unit 120.

[0290] In one possible design, the device 100 may be the network digital twin functional network element in the above method embodiment, or may be a chip for implementing the functions of the network digital twin functional network element in the above method embodiment. It should be understood that the device 100 may correspond to the first network element (or network digital twin functional network element) in the method 200, method 300, method 400, and method 600 according to the embodiments of the present application, and the device 100 may execute the steps corresponding to the first network element (or network digital twin functional network element) in the method 200, method 300, method 400, and method 600 according to the embodiments of the present application.

[0291] In one possible implementation, the transceiver unit is used to send a first subscription message, the transceiver unit is also used to receive a first notification message, and the processing unit is used to generate status information of the twin network according to the target message.

[0292] In one possible implementation, the transceiver unit is also used to receive a second subscription message, and the processing unit is used to determine the status information of the target twin object corresponding to the target event in the status information of the twin network, and monitor the target twin object.

[0293] In one possible implementation, when the processing unit determines that the service experience of the application corresponding to the target twin object is poor, the transceiver unit is controlled to send a second notification message.

[0294] In a possible implementation, the transceiver unit is configured to receive the first request message, and the transceiver unit is further configured to send the first response message.

[0295] In one possible implementation, the processing unit is used to obtain updated target information, and the processing unit is used to update the status information of the twin network based on the updated target information. When the processing unit determines that the status information of the target twin object corresponding to the target event has changed, the processing unit controls the transceiver unit to send the first indication information.

[0296] In one possible design, the device 100 may be the network emulation function network element in the above method embodiment, or may be a chip for implementing the functions of the network emulation function network element in the above method embodiment. It should be understood that the device 100 may correspond to the second network element (or network emulation function network element) in the method 200, method 300, method 400, and method 600 according to the embodiments of the present application, and the device 100 may perform the steps corresponding to the second network element (or network emulation function network element) in the method 200, method 300, method 400, and method 600 according to the embodiments of the present application.

[0297] In one possible implementation, the transceiver unit is used to receive a second request message, the processing unit is used to obtain the state information of the target twin object corresponding to the target event according to the second request message, the processing unit is used to simulate according to the simulation model and generate simulation results; the transceiver unit is used to send a second response message.

[0298] In one possible implementation, the processing unit is used to obtain the status information of the target twin object corresponding to the target event according to the second request message, including: the processing unit is used to control the transceiver unit to send the first request message according to the second request message, and the transceiver unit is also used to receive the first response message.

[0299] In one possible design, the device 100 may be the artificial intelligence assistant in the above method embodiment, or a chip for implementing the functions of the artificial intelligence assistant in the above method embodiment. It should be understood that the device 100 may correspond to the third network element (or artificial intelligence assistant) in the method 200, method 300, method 400, and method 600 according to the embodiments of the present application, and the device 100 may perform the steps corresponding to the third network element (or artificial intelligence assistant) in the method 200, method 300, method 400, and method 600 according to the embodiments of the present application.

[0300] In a possible implementation, the transceiver unit is configured to obtain first information, and the processing unit is configured to determine the type of the task according to the first information.

[0301] In a possible implementation, the transceiver unit is used to send the second subscription message, and the transceiver unit is used to receive the second notification message.

[0302] In a possible implementation manner, the transceiver unit is configured to determine a target assurance policy corresponding to the target event according to the second notification message.

[0303] In a possible implementation, the transceiver unit is configured to send the second request message, and the transceiver unit is further configured to receive the second response message. The processing unit is configured to determine a target assurance policy corresponding to the target event according to the simulation result.

[0304] In a possible implementation, the transceiver unit is used to receive first indication information, and the processing unit is used to evaluate the effect of the service experience after the physical network executes the target assurance policy based on the first indication information.

[0305] In one possible design, the device 100 may be the network data analysis function network element in the above method embodiment, or may be a chip for implementing the functions of the network data analysis function network element in the above method embodiment. It should be understood that the device 100 may correspond to the network data analysis function network element in the method 600 according to the embodiment of the present application, and the device 100 may perform the steps corresponding to the network data analysis function network element in the method 600 according to the embodiment of the present application.

[0306] In one possible implementation, the transceiver unit is used to receive a first subscription message from a first network element, the processing unit is used to obtain target information based on the first subscription message, the processing unit is used to generate status information of the physical object based on the first subscription message and the target information, and the transceiver unit is used to send a first notification message, which carries the status information of the physical object.

[0307] It should also be understood that the apparatus 100 herein is embodied in the form of a functional unit. The term "unit" herein may refer to an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an electronic circuit, a processor (e.g., a shared processor, a dedicated processor, or a group processor, etc.) and memory for executing one or more software or firmware programs, incorporating logic circuits, and / or other suitable components that support the described functionality.

[0308] The apparatus 100 of each of the above-mentioned schemes has the function of implementing the corresponding steps performed by the wireless access network device in the above-mentioned method, or the apparatus 100 of each of the above-mentioned schemes has the function of implementing the corresponding steps performed by the network digital twin functional network element, the network simulation functional network element, the artificial intelligence assistant, and the network data analysis functional network element in the above-mentioned method. The functions can be implemented by hardware, or the corresponding software can be implemented by hardware. The hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above-mentioned functions; for example, the transceiver unit can be replaced by a transceiver (for example, the sending unit in the transceiver unit can be replaced by a transmitter, and the receiving unit in the transceiver unit can be replaced by a receiver), and other units, such as the processing unit, can be replaced by a processor to respectively perform the transceiver operations and related processing operations in each method embodiment.

[0309] In addition, the transceiver unit 110 may also be a transceiver circuit (for example, may include a receiving circuit and a sending circuit), and the processing unit may be a processing circuit.

[0310] It should be noted that the apparatus in FIG7 may be a network element or device in the aforementioned embodiment, or may be a chip or chip system, such as a system on chip (SoC). The transceiver unit may be an input / output circuit or a communication interface; the processing unit may be a processor, microprocessor, or integrated circuit integrated on the chip. This is not limited here.

[0311] Figure 8 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown, the device 200 includes at least one processor 220. The processor 220 is coupled to a memory and is configured to execute instructions stored in the memory to transmit and / or receive signals. Optionally, the device 200 also includes a memory 230 for storing instructions. Optionally, the device 200 also includes a transceiver 210, and the processor 220 controls the transceiver 210 to transmit and / or receive signals.

[0312] It should be understood that the processor 220 and memory 230 may be combined into one processing device, and the processor 220 is used to execute the program code stored in the memory 230 to implement the above functions. In specific implementations, the memory 230 may also be integrated into the processor 220 or independent of the processor 220.

[0313] It should also be understood that the transceiver 210 may include a transceiver (or receiver) and a transmitter (or transmitter). The transceiver may further include an antenna, and the number of antennas may be one or more. The transceiver 210 may also be a communication interface or interface circuit.

[0314] Specifically, the transceiver 210 in the device 200 may correspond to the transceiver unit 110 in the device 100 , and the processor 220 in the device 200 may correspond to the processing unit 120 in the device 200 .

[0315] As a solution, the device 200 is used to implement the operations performed by the network digital twin functional network element in the above various method embodiments.

[0316] For example, the processor 220 is configured to execute the computer program or instructions stored in the memory 230 to implement the relevant operations of the network digital twin functional network element in each of the above method embodiments. For example, the method for executing the network digital twin functional network element in any of the embodiments shown in Figures 2 to 7 and Figure 6.

[0317] For example, the processor 220 is configured to execute computer programs or instructions stored in the memory 230 to implement the operations of the network simulation function network element in the above various method embodiments, such as the method for executing the network simulation function network element in any of the embodiments shown in Figures 2 to 7 and 6.

[0318] For example, the processor 220 is configured to execute computer programs or instructions stored in the memory 230 to implement the operations of the artificial intelligence assistant in the various method embodiments described above. For example, the method for executing the artificial intelligence assistant in any of the embodiments shown in Figures 2 to 7 and Figure 6.

[0319] For example, the processor 220 is configured to execute computer programs or instructions stored in the memory 230 to implement the relevant operations of the network data analysis function network element in each method embodiment above. For example, the method for executing the network data analysis function network element in the embodiment shown in FIG6 .

[0320] It should be understood that the specific process of each transceiver and processor executing the above corresponding steps has been described in detail in the above method embodiment, and for the sake of brevity, it will not be repeated here.

[0321] During implementation, each step of the above method can be completed by an integrated logic circuit of the hardware in the processor or by instructions in the form of software. The steps of the method disclosed in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application can be directly embodied as being executed by a hardware processor, or can be executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor. The software module can be located in a storage medium mature in the art such as a random access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory or an electrically erasable programmable memory, a register, etc. The storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and completes the steps of the above method in conjunction with its hardware. To avoid repetition, it will not be described in detail here.

[0322] It should be noted that the processor in the embodiments of the present application can be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. During implementation, each step of the above method embodiment can be completed by hardware integrated logic circuits in the processor or by software instructions. The above processor can be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. The various methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented or executed. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be directly implemented and executed by a hardware decoding processor, or by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software module can be located in a storage medium mature in the art, such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, etc. The storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and, in conjunction with its hardware, completes the steps of the above method.

[0323] It is understood that the memory in the embodiments of the present application may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memories. Among them, the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example and not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous DRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous DRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous-link DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct RAM-bus RAM (DR RAM). It should be noted that the memory of the systems and methods described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0324] According to the method provided in the embodiments of the present application, the present application also provides a computer program product, which stores computer program code. When the computer program code runs on a computer, the computer executes the method performed by the network digital twin functional network element in any one of the embodiments of method 200 to method 400 and method 600.

[0325] For example, when the computer program code is executed by a computer, the computer can implement the method performed by the network simulation function network element in the above-mentioned methods 200 to 400 and 600 embodiments.

[0326] For another example, when the computer program code is executed by a computer, the computer can implement the methods performed by the artificial intelligence assistant in the above-mentioned methods 200 to 400 and 600 embodiments.

[0327] For another example, when the computer program code is executed by a computer, the computer can implement the method performed by the network data analysis function network element in the above-mentioned method 600 embodiment.

[0328] According to the method provided in the embodiments of the present application, the present application also provides a computer-readable medium, which stores program code. When the program code runs on a computer, the computer executes the method performed by the network digital twin functional network element, network simulation functional network element, artificial intelligence assistant, and network data analysis functional network element in the above embodiments.

[0329] According to the method provided in the embodiments of the present application, the present application also provides a communication system, including: a network digital twin functional network element, a network simulation functional network element, an artificial intelligence assistant, and a network data analysis functional network element, for executing the corresponding steps in any one of the embodiments in methods 200 to 400 and method 600.

[0330] The explanation of the relevant contents and beneficial effects of any of the above-mentioned devices can be referred to the corresponding method embodiments provided above, which will not be repeated here.

[0331] In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server or data center to another website, computer, server or data center via a wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) method. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more available media integrated therein. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (eg, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (eg, a high-density digital video disc (DVD)), or a semiconductor medium (eg, a solid state disc (SSD)).

[0332] In each of the above-mentioned device embodiments, the corresponding modules or units perform the corresponding steps. For example, the transceiver unit (transceiver) performs the receiving or sending steps in the method embodiments, and other steps except sending and receiving can be performed by the processing unit (processor). The functions of the specific units can be referred to in the corresponding method embodiments. There can be one or more processors.

[0333] As used in this specification, the terms "component," "module," "system," and the like are used to represent computer-related entities, hardware, firmware, a combination of hardware and software, software, or software in execution. For example, a component can be, but is not limited to, a process running on a processor, a processor, an object, an executable file, an execution thread, a program, and / or a computer. By way of illustration, both an application running on a computing device and a computing device can be a component. One or more components can reside in a process and / or an execution thread, and a component can be located on a computer and / or distributed between two or more computers. In addition, these components can be executed from various computer-readable media having various data structures stored thereon. Components can communicate, for example, via local and / or remote processes based on signals having one or more data packets (e.g., data from two components interacting with another component on a local system, a distributed system, and / or a network, such as the Internet interacting with other systems via signals).

[0334] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0335] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described systems, devices and units can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0336] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0337] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0338] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0339] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

[0340] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, Including: A first network element sends a first subscription message to a target network element, where the first subscription message is used to request to obtain target information, and the target information is used to characterize the state of a physical network; The first network element receives a first notification message from the target network element, where the first notification message carries the target information, and the target information includes the state information of physical objects in the physical network, where the physical objects include at least one of the following: network elements, network topologies, users, applications; The first network element generates state information of a digital twin network according to the target information, where the state information of the digital twin network includes the state information of digital twin objects, and the digital twin objects are mapped one-to-one with the physical objects, and the state information of the digital twin network is used to monitor the state of the physical network and the service experience.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The state information of the network element includes at least one of the following: the type of the network element, the resource specification of the network element, the number of users carried on the network element, the distribution of the users carried on the network element, the congestion state of the users carried on the network element, the distribution of network traffic carried on the network element; The state information of the network topology includes at least one of the following: the paths between network elements, the interfaces between network elements, the specifications of the interfaces between network elements, the traffic carried on the interfaces between network elements, the distribution of the traffic carried on the interfaces between network elements, the state information of network elements; The state information of the user includes at least one of the following: the attributes of the user, the subscription information of the user, the quality of service QoS parameters corresponding to the user; The state information of the application includes at least one of the following: the type of the application, the start time of the service corresponding to the application, the duration of the service corresponding to the application, the throughput of the traffic used by the service corresponding to the application, the rate of the traffic used by the service corresponding to the application, the service experience of the application, the quality of service QoS parameters carried by the service corresponding to the application.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: The first network element receives a second subscription message from a second network element, where the second subscription message is used to subscribe to a monitored target event from the first network element, and the second subscription message carries the identifier of the target event and the identifier of the target digital twin object corresponding to the target event; The first network element determines the state information of the target digital twin object corresponding to the target event in the state information of the digital twin network according to the second subscription message, and monitors the target digital twin object.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein The identifier of the target digital twin object includes at least one of the following: the identifier of the target user, the identifier of the target service, the identifier of the target cell.

5. The method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that The method further includes: When the first network element determines that the service experience of the application corresponding to the target digital twin object is poor, the first network element sends a second notification message to the second network element, where the second notification message is used to indicate that the service experience of the application corresponding to the target event is poor.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The second notification message carries at least one of the following: the identifier of the target user, the identifier of the target service, the identifier of the target cell, the experience information of the target user accessing the target service, and the metrics of the target user accessing the target service.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The method further includes: The first network element receives a first request message from a third network element, where the first request message is used to request the status information of the target twin object corresponding to the target event; The first network element sends a first response message to the third network element, and the first response message carries the status information of the target twin object.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein The first request message carries the identifier of the target cell, The status information of the target twin object includes at least one of the following: the physical resource block (PRB) utilization rate of the target cell, the number of target users included in the target cell, the number of packets or bytes transmitted in the target cell, the guaranteed bandwidth of the dedicated bearer allocated for the target cell, and the guaranteed bandwidth of the quality of service flow identifier (QFI) of the target cell.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The method further includes: The first network element obtains the updated target information of the target network element, where the updated target information is generated after the physical network executes the target guarantee policy; The first network element updates the status information of the twin network according to the updated target information; When the first network element determines that the status information of the target twin object corresponding to the target event has changed, the first network element sends a first indication information to the second network element, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the status information of the target twin object has changed.

10. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that The target event includes at least one of the following: the service experience of the target service of the target user, the congestion status of the target cell where the target user is located, the congestion status of the target cell, and the service experience of the service in the target cell.

11. A communication method, characterized in that, including: The third network element receives a second request message from the second network element, where the second request message carries the identifier of the target event and the target guarantee policy, and the second request message is used to request to simulate the effect generated after the physical network executes the target guarantee policy; The third network element obtains the status information of the target twin object corresponding to the target event from the first network element according to the second request message, where the twin object is mapped one-to-one with the physical object, and the physical object includes at least one of the following: network element, network topology, user, and service, and the status information of the twin object is used to monitor the status and service experience of the physical network; The third network element performs a simulation according to the status information of the target twin object, the target guarantee policy, and the simulation model, and generates a simulation result; The third network element sends a second response message to the second network element, and the second response message carries the simulation result.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein The status information of the network element includes at least one of the following: the type of the network element, the resource specification of the network element, the number of users carried on the network element, the distribution of the users carried on the network element, the congestion status of the users carried on the network element, and the distribution of the network traffic carried on the network element; The status information of the network topology includes at least one of the following: the path between network elements, the interfaces between network elements, the specifications of the interfaces between network elements, the traffic carried on the interfaces between network elements, the distribution of the traffic carried on the interfaces between network elements, and the status information of network elements; The status information of the user includes at least one of the following: the attributes of the user, the subscription information of the user, and the quality of service (QoS) parameters corresponding to the user's services. The status information of the application includes at least one of the following: the type of the application, the start time of the service corresponding to the application, the duration of the service corresponding to the application, the throughput of the traffic used by the service corresponding to the application, the rate of the traffic used by the service corresponding to the application, the service experience of the application, and the QoS parameters carried by the service corresponding to the application.

13. The method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that, The third network element obtains the status information of the target twin object corresponding to the target event from the first network element according to the second request message, including: The third network element sends a first request message to the first network element according to the second request message, where the first request message is used to request to obtain the status information of the target twin object; The third network element receives a first response message from the first network element, and the first response message carries the status information of the target twin object.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The first request message carries the identifier of the target cell. The status information of the target twin object includes at least one of the following: the physical resource block (PRB) utilization rate of the target cell, the number of target users included in the target cell, the number of packets and bytes transmitted in the target cell, the guaranteed bandwidth of the dedicated bearer allocated for the target cell, and the guaranteed bandwidth of the quality of service flow identifier (QFI) in the target cell.

15. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that The information of the target guarantee policy includes at least one of the following: Updating or adding a dedicated bearer with a guaranteed bit rate (GBR), updating or adding a quality of service flow identifier (QFI), deleting or updating the dedicated bearers established in the target cell, deleting or updating the quality of service flow identifiers (QFI) established in the target cell, restricting the bandwidth of some non-real-time services in the target cell, and restricting the bandwidth of services based on different user levels in the target cell.

16. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 15, characterized in that, The simulation results include: the service experience information of the target user after executing the target guarantee policy and the status information of the target cell after executing the target guarantee policy.

17. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 16, characterized in that, The target event includes at least one of the following: the service experience of the target service of the target user, the congestion status of the target cell where the target user is located, the congestion status of the target cell, and the service experience of the services in the target cell.

18. A communication method, characterized in that, including: The second network element obtains first information, where the first information is used to indicate the type of the task issued by the user, and the type of the task includes at least one of the following: a task for monitoring a target event, a task for determining a target guarantee policy, a task for requesting a simulation, and a task for evaluating the effect of the service experience after the physical network executes the target guarantee policy; The second network element determines the type of the task according to the first information.

19. The method according to claim 18, wherein The method further includes: The second network element sends a second subscription message to the first network element. The second subscription message is used to subscribe to a monitored target event on the first network element. The second subscription message carries the identifier of the target event and the identifier of the target twin object corresponding to the target event. Among them, the twin objects are in one-to-one mapping with physical objects, and the physical objects include at least one of the following: network elements, network topologies, users, services. The status information of the twin objects is used to monitor the status of the physical network and service experience; The second network element receives a second notification message from the first network element. The second notification message is used to indicate that the service experience of the application corresponding to the target event is poor.

20. The method according to claim 19, wherein, The status information of the network element includes at least one of the following: the type of the network element, the resource specification of the network element, the number of users carried on the network element, the distribution of the users carried on the network element, the congestion status of the users carried on the network element, the distribution of the network traffic carried on the network element; The status information of the network topology includes at least one of the following: the paths between network elements, the interfaces between network elements, the specifications of the interfaces between network elements, the traffic carried on the interfaces between network elements, the distribution of the traffic carried on the interfaces between network elements, the status information of network elements; The status information of the user includes at least one of the following: the attributes of the user, the subscription information of the user, the quality of service QoS parameters corresponding to the user; The status information of the application includes at least one of the following: the type of the application, the start time of the service corresponding to the application, the duration of the service corresponding to the application, the throughput of the traffic used by the service corresponding to the application, the rate of the traffic used by the service corresponding to the application, the service experience of the application, the quality of service QoS parameters carried by the service corresponding to the application.

21. The method according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that The identifier of the target twin object includes at least one of the following: the identifier of the target user, the identifier of the target service, the identifier of the target cell.

22. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 21, characterized in that, The second notification message carries at least one of the following: the identifier of the target user, the identifier of the target service, the identifier of the target cell, the experience information of the target user accessing the target service, the metrics of the target user accessing the target service.

23. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 22, characterized in that The target event includes at least one of the following: the service experience of the target service of the target user, the congestion status of the target cell where the target user is located, the congestion status of the target cell, the service experience of the services in the target cell.

24. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 23, characterized in that, The method further includes: The second network element sends a second subscription message to the first network element. The second subscription message is used to request monitoring of the target event; The second network element receives a second notification message from the first network element. The second notification message is used to indicate that the service experience of the application corresponding to the target event is poor; The second network element determines the target guarantee policy corresponding to the target event according to the second notification message.

25. The method according to claim 24, wherein The target guarantee policy includes at least one of the following: updating or adding a dedicated bearer with guaranteed bit rate (GBR), updating or adding a Quality of Service Flow Identifier (QFI), deleting or updating an established dedicated bearer in the target cell, deleting or updating an established Quality of Service Flow Identifier (QFI) in the target cell, restricting the bandwidth of some non-real-time services in the target cell, and restricting the bandwidth of services based on different user levels in the target cell.

26. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 25, characterized in that, The method further includes: The second network element sends a second request message to the third network element, where the second request message carries an identifier of the target event and the target guarantee policy, and the second request message is used to request simulation of the effects generated after the target guarantee policy is executed on the physical network; The second network element receives a second response message from the third network element, where the second response message carries the simulation result; The second network element determines the target guarantee policy corresponding to the target event according to the simulation result.

27. The method according to claim 26, wherein The simulation result includes: service experience information of the target user after the target guarantee policy is executed, and status information of the target cell after the target guarantee policy is executed.

28. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 27, characterized in that, The method further includes: The second network element receives first indication information from the first network element, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the status information of the target twin object corresponding to the target event has changed; The second network element evaluates the service experience effect after the physical network executes the target guarantee policy according to the first indication information.

29. A communication device, characterized in that, It includes a module for executing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, or includes a module for executing the method according to any one of claims 11 to 17, or includes a module for executing the method according to any one of claims 18 to 28.

30. A communication device, characterized in that, The communication device includes: at least one processor and a communication interface, where the communication interface is used for the communication device to interact with other communication devices. When program instructions are executed in the at least one processor, the communication device is caused to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, or the communication device is caused to execute the method according to any one of claims 11 to 17, or the communication device is caused to execute the method according to any one of claims 18 to 28.

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