Binocular optoelectronic eyewear instrument for vision enhancement of both eyes and method for vision enhancement

Abstract

Binocular optoelectronic eyewear instrument for the vision enhancement of both eyes and vision enhancement method. The instrument comprises: - at least one phase modulator (15, 16, 27, 28) for the wavefront manipulation of both eye pupils, for performing the vision correction of the eye aberrations, - a binocular assembly of optical components for the light relay from entrance pupils (05, 06) to exit pupils (07, 08), - a processing module (30) for communication, control, and computations, and - at least one image capture device (09, 10). The associated method involves the generation and relay of phase profiles for binocular vision correction of eye aberrations, image capture and tracking of both eye pupils, as well as computations, control, connectivity, and operation of the instrument.

Description

[0001] DESCRIPTION

[0002] Binocular optoelectronic instrument of the eyeglass type for visual improvement of both eyes and method for visual improvement

[0003] Field of the invention

[0004] The present invention relates to a binocular optoelectronic eyeglass-type instrument for visual enhancement in a clear configuration by correcting ocular aberrations. The present invention also relates to a method for achieving simultaneous visual enhancement for both eyes, and for operating, controlling, and communicating with the instrument.

[0005] Background of the invention

[0006] The optics of the eye impose an underlying limitation on the quality of human perceived vision. The quality of the image produced on the retina and perceived by the brain is degraded by the presence of optical aberrations. Optical aberrations are a leading cause of visual impairment worldwide. Conventional methods for correcting optical aberrations involve the placement of fixed optical elements, such as spectacles and contact lenses. However, these spectacles and contact lenses have limited effectiveness in improving visual quality.

[0007] More advanced methods allow complex ocular aberrations to be measured and corrected using optoelectronic techniques, such as variable focus lenses and phase modulators, which are classified as adaptive optics correction methods. Adaptive optics offers highly accurate correction of complex ocular aberrations in real time, performed by digitally controlled phase modulators. The phase modulators typically used are spatial light modulators based on liquid crystals or deformable mirrors. These devices can manipulate the wavefront of incoming light before it reaches the eye. These ophthalmic devices can be used to correct or simulate vision, correcting the eye's natural aberrations or inducing strategic aberrations while monitoring visual performance.

[0008] These devices are also known as visual simulators; however, this term is primarily reserved for clinical ophthalmic instruments used for vision testing and simulation. The first demonstration of adaptive optics visual correction instruments was presented by E.J. Fernandez, S. Manzanera, P. Piers, P. Artal, "Adaptive optics visual simulator," J. Refrac. Surgery, 18, 634–638 (2002). Subsequent developments achieved extended visual correction for both low- and higher-order aberrations.

[0009] Most of the visual simulation techniques described in the literature have also incorporated an aberration measurement module, which is usually based on the Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor. The first use of a Hartmann-Shack sensor for human eyes can be attributed to Liang, B. Grimm, S. Goelz, and J. F. Bille, "Objective measurement of WA's of the human eye with the use of a Hartmann-Shack wave-front sensor", J. Opt. Am. A 11, 1949–1957 (1994) and J. Liang and D. R. Williams, "Aberrations and retinal image quality of the normal human eye", J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 14, 2873–2883 (1997). Although not a key part of an adaptive optics vision correction device, the Hartmann-Shack sensor is still widely used in clinical vision simulators and other adaptive optics instruments for the objective assessment of aberrations. Other inventions related to the present proposed invention are described below:

[0010] US Patent 5,495,305 discloses a method for simulating visual impairments. The invention featured contact lenses that are customized to modify the wavefront of transmitted light such that visual simulation of various ocular conditions and aberrations can be experienced.

[0011] US Patent 8,506,082 B2 discloses an ophthalmic adaptive optics system and imaging apparatus for correcting aberrations in light illuminating the eye. It also includes a wavefront sensor that receives light reflected by the eye to perform closed-loop wavefront correction.

[0012] US Patent No. 1,136,328 B1 discloses a portable optical device for vision impairments. The device has pixelated active transparent lenses that are attached to an eyeglass frame. An eye tracker and controller track pupil movement and create a dynamic mask on the surface of the pixelated lens to block light from selected portions of the eye's pupil.

[0013] US Patent 8,154,804 B2 discloses an electro-optic lens for correcting higher-order aberrations. The lens contains substrate layers and rings of electrode layers. Voltage applied to the electrode layers creates an electric field that rotates the optical phase profile of the lens to correct spherical aberration. US Patent 8,348,424 B2 discloses a variable-focus ophthalmic contact lens for adaptive defocus correction and an associated manufacturing method. The contact lens has an optical insert for variable focusing that is powered by an associated power source. It also discloses a manufacturing method utilizing silicone hydrogel cast molding.

[0014] US patent 9,004,683 B2 presents an optical device for user-based active aberration correction. The device enables real-time adjustment of aberrations using transformable optical elements. The correction is based on previously known aberration data or real-time aberration measurements obtained using a wavefront sensor.

[0015] US Patent 9,554,889 B2 discloses a method and system for manufacturing a wavefront-guided scleral lens prosthetic device. The scleral lens is customized for an eye and embedded with the aberration-correcting phase profile for a particular subject.

[0016] US Patent 10,317,680 B1 discloses a head-mounted autofocus display that dynamically generates aberration-adjusted images based on eye position and orientation. The process de-distorts the generated image to correct for observations that would otherwise affect the perceived image quality.

[0017] US Patent No. 1,016,301 B1 discloses a head-mounted autofocus display that dynamically generates the aberration-corrected image based on the measured accommodation of the eye. The aberration-corrected image corrects for aberrations induced by the head-mounted display, as well as the eye's accommodation state.

[0018] US Patent 7,264,354 B2 describes a phoropter for visual simulation that uses electronically controlled optoelectronic lenses. The focal power of the lenses is controlled by varying the electrical signal supplied to the lenses. The disclosed instrument only corrects optical power and cannot handle other complex aberrations.

[0019] US Patent 4,943,162 A discloses a vision correction device that employs a rotating multi-lens configuration. The disclosed device has two stacked cylindrical lenses that rotate symmetrically to induce correction of the subject's spherical blur and astigmatism.

[0020] US Patent 8,911,084 B2 discloses a binocular vision correction instrument using a phase modulator. The instrument can induce corrections for low-order aberrations and for higher-order aberrations. The instrument has the form factor of a tabletop ophthalmic device.

[0021] US Patent 11,360,313 B1 discloses a wearable binocular instrument for automatically correcting spherical refraction in near-eye displays. The device uses adaptive optics lenses to electronically correct the subject's spherical refraction in virtual reality and augmented reality displays.

[0022] US patent 8,876,289 B2 presents an instrument for vision correction by simulating multifocal lenses. The instrument comprises a combination of a Badal system, beam splitters, and mirrors to allow the simulation of different optical powers for near and far vision.

[0023] US patent 10,386,645 B2 presents a portable vision correction device that performs a therapeutic procedure to compensate for ocular pathologies affecting vision. The device is a wearable eyeglass-type device that contains digital monitors or displays to recreate the visual field as a digitized corrected image.

[0024] US Patent 10,898,073 B2 discloses a binocular optoelectronic instrument for vision correction in patients with presbyopia. The invention uses adaptive focus lenses and pupil tracking to automatically correct vision for different viewing distances.

[0025] US Patent 9,681,800 B2 discloses a diaphanous adaptive holographic phoropter comprising a direct-view lens system. Optical power is digitally controlled by electrically manipulating the focal length or shape of one of the lenses. Holographic and diffractive elements are used to collect light scattered by the eye and transmit it to the wavefront sensor. US Patent 9,939,644 B2 discloses technologies for controlling vision correction in a wearable computing device. The invention includes controlling the opacity of an adjustable lens such that a dynamic wear port is created based on the gaze and pupil size of the user's eye.

[0026] US Patent No. 11,106,041 B2 discloses an augmented reality system incorporating variable focus lens elements. The variable focus lenses are interleaved in a waveguide stack to correct refractive error by focusing projected light onto the eye. The eye-tracking system monitors the vergence of the eyes and dynamically adjusts the optical power of the lenses.

[0027] Summary of the invention

[0028] The object of the invention is to provide a binocular optoelectronic instrument of the eyeglass type for visual improvement that is fully portable, compact and lightweight, allowing the correction of complex ocular aberrations.

[0029] The invention presents a binocular optoelectronic instrument of the glasses type for visual improvement for both eyes comprising:

[0030] - at least one phase modulator to manipulate the wavefront of the pupils of both eyes, to perform visual correction of ocular aberrations,

[0031] - a binocular assembly of optical components comprising two entrance pupils, one for each eye, and two exit pupils, one for each eye, designed to transmit light from the entrance pupils to the exit pupils,

[0032] - a processing module dedicated to communication, control and calculation, and

[0033] - at least one image capture device.

[0034] The invention also features a method for visual improvement by correcting ocular aberrations by phase modulation, which uses a binocular optoelectronic instrument of the glasses type of the invention comprising the following steps:

[0035] - generation of phase profiles relating to aberration correction in the processing module and transmission of the phase profiles to the phase modulator panel, for binocular visual improvement by correcting ocular aberrations,

[0036] - image capture and tracking of the pupils of both eyes in real time, and

[0037] - calculation, control, connectivity, and operation of the instrument. A spectacle-like optoelectronic instrument and an associated method for simultaneous binocular visual enhancement by correcting complex ocular aberrations are provided, to provide aberration-free perception of clear, real-world vision to subjects suffering from various ocular pathologies.

[0038] Therefore, the present invention provides a binocular eyeglass-type instrument for real-time vision enhancement achieved by correcting complex ocular aberrations. It employs optoelectronic components and techniques and is fully mobile, compact, and lightweight. The eyeglass-type instrument can provide real-time vision enhancement with high-precision correction of any ocular aberrations that may be present in the subject's eyes. The instrument is in the form of miniaturized eyeglasses.

[0039] The eyeglass-like instrument also provides the perception of improved vision, such as that which would occur after a deviated eye undergoes a surgical procedure, such as the implantation of different infraocular lenses or LASIK surgery.

[0040] Brief description of the figures

[0041] The accompanying figures are provided solely to illustrate the binocular optoelectronic instrument of the eyeglass type and the associated method disclosed in this invention. The figures are not intended to delimit the scope of protection identified in the claims, nor should they be referred to separately to interpret the scope identified in said claims.

[0042] FIGS. 1A and 1B show the conceptual illustration of the optoelectronic binocular eyeglasses instrument indicating different parts of the instrument. FIG. 1A illustrates the eyeglasses type form factor and FIG. 1B shows the helmet type form factor.

[0043] FIGS. 2A and 2B show the optical arrangement of the binocular spectacle-like instrument utilizing the p¡ phase modulator and other relevant optical components. FIG. 2A shows the visual enhancement in a narrow field of view covering only the central field of view. FIG. 2B shows the beam splitter version of a similar optical arrangement enabling wide field of view visual perception in which the visual enhancements are made for the central field of view and the peripheral field of view is perceived without manipulation.

[0044] FIG. 3 shows the optical design of binocular glasses using a π phase modulator in conjunction with optical waveguides and other relevant optical components. FIGS. 4A and 4B show the optical arrangement of binocular glasses with a 2π phase modulator and other relevant optical components. FIG. 4A shows visual enhancement in a narrow field of view covering only the central field of view. FIG. 4B shows a version of a similar optical arrangement with beam splitters that enables wide field of view visual perception where visual enhancements are made for the central field of view and the peripheral field of view is perceived without manipulation.

[0045] FIGS. 5A and 5B show how the instrument is connected to an external device that potentially controls and / or monitors the correction device. The connection can be wired or wireless as illustrated in FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B, respectively.

[0046] Detailed description of the invention

[0047] The present invention relates to an optoelectronic eyeglass-type instrument for simultaneous and independent visual enhancement of both eyes by correcting ocular aberration, and a method associated with the control, connectivity, calculations, and operation of the eyeglass-type instrument. The disclosed instrument is an eyeglass-type instrument with a compact, transparent configuration and may have tethered, wireless, and / or fully mobile operating capabilities. The eyeglass form factor may resemble a pair of glasses (01a) or a headset (01b).

[0048] Fig. 1 A and Fig. 1 B show representations of the disclosed eyewear in the form of goggles 01 a and helmets 01 b. The goggle-type instrument has two separate and independent optoelectronic modules (03 and 04) to improve the vision of the left and right eyes respectively. The instrument also has two entrance pupils (05 and 06) and two exit pupils (07 and 08) for both eyes. In addition, the goggle-type instruments have image capture devices (09 and 10) to obtain images of the pupils and track their movements. Both modules (03 and 04) in Fig. 1 A and Fig. 1 B use a symmetric optical configuration, while the wavefront manipulations for the left and right eyes are controlled independently and can induce similar or different aberration correction in each of the eyes.

[0049] Fig. 2A shows the optical arrangement of the binocular instrument utilizing phase modulators 15, 16 and other relevant optical components. The optical components include mirrors 11, lenses 13, and prisms 12 that allow transmission of incoming light from entrance pupils 5, 6 to exit pupils 7, 8. The left and right entrance pupils (5 and 6), and the left and right exit pupils (7 and 8) are separated by a distance equal to the interpupillary distance of the subject's eyes. The eyeglass-type instrument may have the ability to adjust the aforementioned distance manually or by an automated motorized mechanical assembly, which may be a threaded mechanical spindle.

[0050] Each module contains a subset of mirrors 11 for pre-correcting the view rotation. A fixed-size diaphragm serves as the entrance pupil of the optical system. Incoming scene light corresponding to the central field of view 20 of a live, clear scene 19 is reflected through one face of a reflecting prism 12 and transmitted to a pupil-conjugating telescope composed of miniature lenses 13. The conjugated pupil plane 14 is produced in the respective phase modulator 15, 16, where the first step of wavefront manipulation is executed. The reflected light passes through another pupil-conjugating telescope containing a pair of lenses 13 together with a folding mirror 11. The conjugated pupil is now produced in the different physical area of ​​the phase modulator 15, 16, where the second and final step of wavefront manipulation is executed.The fully corrected wavefront is then transmitted to the exit pupils (07 and 08) after passing through another pair of lenses 13 and being reflected through the opposite side of the prism 12. The presence of the prism 12 in Fig. 2A allows the perception of a clear online scene. The subject's eyes (17 and 18) are then located in the respective exit pupils (07 and 08) of the system and provide aberration-corrected binocular vision.

[0051] Separate phase modulators 15, 16 are used for each of the eyes 17, 18.

[0052] Fig. 2B shows the optical arrangement for the second embodiment of the binocular eyeglass-type instrument, which is a modified version of the optical arrangement provided in Fig. 2A, in which the reflecting prisms 12 are replaced by beam splitters 23 to facilitate a wide field of view covering both the central visual field 20 and the peripheral visual field 21. The modified arrangement allows the visual perception of the central visual field 20 to be improved, while the peripheral visual field 21 is perceived without manipulation.

[0053] Separate phase modulators 15, 16 are used for each of the eyes 17, 18.

[0054] Fig. 3 shows the optical arrangement of the third embodiment of binocular glasses incorporating optical waveguides 24 for light transmission along with other optical components. The waveguide-based module contains a pair of optical waveguides 24 for each of the eyes located near the entrance (05 and 06) and exit (07 and 08) pupils, respectively. Each waveguide 24 has an input coupler 25 and an output coupler 26. The input and output couplers 25, 26 may be diffraction gratings or holographic optical elements. The optical waveguide 24 allows light transmission and pupil replication such that the size of the glasses-type instrument can be further miniaturized. The remainder of the optical path remains the same and wavefront manipulation is performed in the same manner as described in the embodiments of Fig. 2A and Fig. 2B.24 optical waveguides are incorporated for pupil replication and light transmission in a compact size.

[0055] Separate phase modulators 15, 16 are used for each of the eyes 17, 18.

[0056] Fig. 4A shows the optical arrangement of the fourth embodiment of the binocular spectacle-type instrument utilizing 2p¡ phase modulators (27 and 28). The optical components include mirrors 11, lenses 13, and prisms 12 that allow retransmission of incoming light from entrance pupils 05, 06 to exit pupils 07, 08. Light from the scene, under this configuration, passes through the entrance pupils (05 and 06), reflects through prism 12, and bends mirrors 11 and conjugates to the respective phase modulator (27 and 28) using the telescoping arrangement of lenses 13. Wavefront manipulations are performed at the entrance pupils (05 and 06). Wavefront manipulations are performed in the conjugate pupil plane 14, and the aberration-corrected light is transmitted to the subject's eyes (17 and 18). Compared with the first and second embodiments of the invention (Fig. 2A and Fig.2B), this embodiment does not require an additional conjugation and modulation step because the complete phase modulation is achieved in a single step.

[0057] Separate phase modulators 27, 28 are used for each of the eyes 17, 18.

[0058] Fig. 5A shows a diagram of a cable interface or connection 29 between the correction device (01 a, 01 b) and the processing module 30 in the form of a computing device. Although the connection is represented as a USB in the figure, any other protocol could be used. This connection is potentially used to transfer data from the cameras and / or any other sensors in the helmets. In addition, it provides a channel to control the correction being applied.

[0059] Fig. 5B shows a diagram of a wireless interface 31 or connection between the correction device (01 a, 01 b) and the processing module 30 in the form of a computing device. Similar to a wired connection, the wireless connection provides a duplex channel for sending and receiving data and commands between the headset and the computing device.

[0060] According to an embodiment of the binocular optoelectronic instrument 01 a, 01 b of the eyeglass type of the invention, the visual corrections are specifically designed to treat low and high order aberrations of the lens and cornea.

[0061] According to an embodiment of the binocular optoelectronic instrument 01 a, 01 b of the glasses type of the invention, the instrument has a transparent configuration that allows visual enhancement to see the real world.

[0062] Phase modulators 15, 16, 27, 28 may be digitally controlled Liquid Crystal on Silicon devices.

[0063] Phase modulators 15, 16, 27, 28 can be based on vertically aligned liquid crystal on silicon technology, reflective liquid crystal p¡ phase modulator, and used in double conjugation for 2p¡ modulation.

[0064] The image capture device 09, 10 may comprise an infrared image sensor and an infrared illumination source for capturing images of the pupil.

[0065] The image capture device 09, 10 may comprise a visible light sensor and a visible illumination source for imaging the pupil.

[0066] The present invention also provides a method for visual improvement by correcting ocular aberrations using the binocular optoelectronic eyeglass-type instrument presented above. The associated method comprises a step of performing visual corrections, a step of forming images and tracking the pupils of the eyes, and another step of performing back-end calculations and operating the instrument as follows:

[0067] Improving vision by correcting ocular aberrations:

[0068] The subject being corrected dons binocular glasses, in which the subject's pupils are aligned with the exit pupils 7 and 8 of glasses 01a and 01b. Subject 02 perceives vision with visibility of the real-world view as they would with conventional glasses. Pupil alignment and adaptation are facilitated by adjusting the interpupillary distance and vertical translation with the aid of the pupil-tracking camera.

[0069] The phase profile relative to the correction of the known aberrations of the subject's eye is computationally generated and transmitted to the phase modulator panel. For embodiments including β¡ phase modulators 15, 16 (such as Fig. 2A, Fig. 2B and Fig. 3), the two phase profiles side by side are transmitted to the panel ensuring complete phase modulation in two subsequent steps. In embodiments with 2β¡ phase modulators 27, 28 (such as Fig. 4), a monophasic profile is generated and transmitted, and the wavefront manipulation is performed in a single step.

[0070] Since the entrance pupils 05, 06 are conjugated to the phase modulator panel, the pupil wavefront is modified to correct underlying aberrations and transmitted to the exit pupils 07, 08, which illuminate the target eye. The phase profiles are generated from the Zernike coefficients of the subject's eyes, which are pre-measured and already available to the eyewear system.

[0071] Imaging and pupil tracking:

[0072] The pupils of the subject's eyes are constantly imaged via one or more image capture devices 09, 10 that are integrated into the binocular goggles, as illustrated in Fig. 1. The image capture device 09, 10 contains a lens, a sensor, and an infrared illumination source. Image capture is performed in non-visible wavelength regions to avoid disturbing the subject 02. The captured pupil images are used to detect and measure pupil size, as well as to track pupil movement of each eye. Tracking both pupils also assesses ocular vergence and determines the accommodation state of the subject's eye.

[0073] Calculation, control and operation of the glasses device:

[0074] The binocular glasses 01 a, 01 b are controlled and operated in two ways. The first method involves the connectivity of the glasses 01 a, 01 b with a processing module in the form of a computing device 30, such as a computer, a tablet, a smartphone or an embedded computing device. The connectivity is ensured by a wired interface 29, as illustrated in Fig. 5A, or a wireless interface 31, as illustrated in Fig. 5B. The computing device 30 handles all calculations, control and general operation of the glasses. The captured eye images are transmitted to the processing unit, where they are processed, while phase profiles are calculated and generated in the processing unit and transmitted to the phase modulator(s) of the glasses.

[0075] The second method comprises a compact processing unit that is part of the headset, and all calculations, control, and operations of the instrument are managed within the headset. The compact processing unit may be a single-board computer or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASI) and contains its energy storage module. Basic control functions are provided to the subject through an input interface, such as buttons or a touchpad, which is also integrated into the headset 01 a, 01 b. In addition, an optional external device may be used for configuration and / or monitoring, which may be connected by cable or wirelessly.

[0076] In the detailed description of the present invention, reference is made to the following numerals:

[0077] 01 a- Binocular optoelectronic instrument of the glasses type.

[0078] 01 b- Binocular optoelectronic instrument of the glasses type in the form of helmets.

[0079] 02- Subject

[0080] 03- Left eye optoelectronic module

[0081] 04- Right eye optoelectronic module

[0082] 05- Left entrance pupil

[0083] 06- Right entrance pupil

[0084] 07- Left exit pupil

[0085] 08- Right exit pupil

[0086] 09- Left eye image capture device

[0087] 10- Right eye image capture device

[0088] 11 - Optical mirrors

[0089] 12- Reflective prism

[0090] 13- Optical lens

[0091] 14- Conjugate pupil plane

[0092] 15- Phase modulator p¡ for the left eye

[0093] 16- Phase modulator p¡ for the right eye

[0094] 17- Subject's left eye

[0095] 18- Subject's right eye 19- Clear view of the real world

[0096] 20- Central visual field

[0097] 21 - Peripheral visual field

[0098] 22- Improved / corrected vision perceived by the eyes 23- Beam splitter

[0099] 24- Optical waveguide

[0100] 25- Input waveguide coupler

[0101] 26- Output waveguide coupler

[0102] 27- 2p¡ phase modulator for the left eye 28- 2p¡ phase modulator for the right eye

[0103] 29- Interface or cable connection

[0104] 30- Processing module in the form of a computing device (smartphone, tablet,

[0105] PC, ...)

[0106] 31 - Wireless interface or connection

Claims

CLAIMS 1. Binocular optoelectronic instrument (01 a, 01 b) of the glasses type for the visual improvement of both eyes, characterized in that it comprises: - at least one phase modulator (15, 16, 27, 28) to manipulate the wavefront of the pupils of both eyes, to perform visual correction of ocular aberrations, - a binocular assembly of optical components comprising two entrance pupils (05, 06), one for each eye, and two exit pupils (07, 08), one for each eye, designed to transmit light from the entrance pupils (05, 06) to the exit pupils (07, 08), - a processing module (30) dedicated to communication, control and calculations, and - at least one image capture device (09, 10).

2. Binocular optoelectronic instrument (01 a, 01 b) of the glasses type according to claim 1, wherein: - the phase modulators (15, 27; 16, 28) comprise first phase modulators (15, 27) which are optically conjugated with the first entrance pupils (05) and with the first exit pupils (07), and second phase modulators (16, 28) which are optically conjugated with the second entrance pupils (06) and with the second exit pupils (08), - the phase modulators (15, 16, 27, 28) independently manipulate the incoming wavefront, ensuring that the modified wavefront at the exit pupil (07, 08) aligns with the visual enhancement objectives by correcting various ocular anomalies, - optical transmission and pupillary conjugation are facilitated by the binocular assembly comprising lenses (13), mirrors (11) and one of these elements or prisms (12), or beam splitters (23) or optical waveguides (24), and - the processing module (30) is responsible for the communication, control and computing tasks associated with the ocular instrument (01 a, 01 b).

3. Binocular optoelectronic instrument (01 a, 01 b) of the glasses type according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the instrument takes the form of glasses (01 a) or a head-mounted device (01 b).

4. Binocular optoelectronic instrument (01 a, 01 b) of the glasses type according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the visual corrections are specifically designed to address low and high order aberrations of the lens and cornea.

5. Binocular optoelectronic instrument (01 a, 01 b) of the glasses type according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the instrument has a transparent configuration that allows visual improvement to see the real world.

6. Binocular optoelectronic instrument (01 a, 01 b) of the glasses type according to claim 5, wherein the instrument has a narrow field of view and provides visual enhancements for the central visual field.

7. Binocular optoelectronic instrument (01 a, 01 b) of the glasses type according to claim 5, wherein the instrument has a wide field of view that includes the central and peripheral visual fields.

8. Binocular optoelectronic instrument (01 a, 01 b) of the glasses type according to claim 7, wherein the visual improvements are made only for the central visual field while the peripheral visual field is perceived without manipulation.

9. Binocular optoelectronic instrument (01 a, 01 b) of the glasses type according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the phase modulator (15, 16, 27, 28) is a digitally controlled Liquid Crystal on Silicon device.

10. Binocular optoelectronic instrument (01 a, 01 b) of the glasses type according to claim 9, wherein the phase modulator (15, 16, 27, 28) is based on vertically aligned Liquid Crystal on Silicon technology, reflective liquid crystal phase modulator p¡ and is used in double conjugation for 2p¡ modulation.

11. Binocular optoelectronic instrument (01 a, 01 b) of the glasses type according to claim 9, wherein separate phase modulators (15, 16; 27, 28) are used for each of the eyes.

12. Binocular optoelectronic instrument (01 a, 01 b) of the glasses type according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said glasses type instrument is connected to the computer system (30) through a wired (29) or wireless (31) interface.

13. Binocular optoelectronic instrument (01 a, 01 b) of the glasses type according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the image capture device (09, 10) is used to obtain images of the pupil of the eye.

14. Binocular optoelectronic instrument (01 a, 01 b) of the glasses type according to claim 13, wherein the image capture device (09, 10) is used to track the movements of the eyeball and the size of the pupil.

15. Binocular optoelectronic instrument (01 a, 01 b) of the glasses type according to claim 13, wherein the image capture device (09, 10) comprises an infrared image sensor and an infrared illumination source for capturing images of the pupil.

16. Binocular optoelectronic instrument (01 a, 01 b) of the glasses type according to claim 13, wherein the image capture device (09, 10) comprises a visible light sensor and a visible illumination source for capturing images of the pupil.

17. Binocular optoelectronic instrument (01 a, 01 b) of the glasses type according to any of claims 1 to 16, wherein the interpupillary distance is adjusted by means of an automated motorized mechanical assembly.

18. Binocular optoelectronic instrument (01 a, 01 b) of the glasses type according to claim 17, wherein the mechanical assembly is a mechanical threaded spindle.

19. Binocular optoelectronic instrument (01 a, 01 b) of the glasses type according to any of claims 1 to 18, wherein the instrument (01 a, 01 b) comprises two electronic modules (03, 04) separated and operated independently for visual improvements of the left and right eye respectively, configured to induce a similar or different aberration correction to each of the eyes.

20. Method for visual improvement by correcting ocular aberrations by phase modulation, which uses a binocular optoelectronic instrument (01 a, 01 b) of the glasses type of any of claims 1 to 19, comprising the following steps: - generation of phase profiles relating to the correction of aberrations in the processing module (30) and transmission of the phase profiles to the phase modulator panel (15, 16, 27, 28), for binocular visual improvement by correcting ocular aberrations, - image capture and tracking of the pupils of both eyes in real time, and - calculations, control, connectivity and operation of the instrument.

21. Method for visual improvement by correcting ocular aberrations by phase modulation, according to claim 20, wherein the control and operation of the instrument can use a wired interface (29) or a wireless interface (31), or can be carried out by a processing and control unit integrated into the glasses-type instrument.

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