Terminal device, aberration sensitivity information generation method, and program

Abstract

This terminal device comprises: a first image output unit that outputs, to a left-eye display unit that presents an image to the left eye of a subject, image information for a left-eye image in which a first aberration distribution can be set, the first aberration distribution being an aberration distribution for the left eye; a second image output unit that outputs, to a right-eye display unit that presents an image to the right eye of the subject, image information for a right-eye image in which a second aberration distribution can be set, the second aberration distribution being an aberration distribution for the right eye; a line-of-sight information acquisition unit that acquires line-of-sight information obtained by detecting the movement of the line of sight of the subject presented with at least one of the left-eye image and the right-eye image; and an aberration sensitivity information generation unit that generates aberration sensitivity information, which is information relating to sensitivity to the aberration of the subject, on the basis of the acquired line-of-sight information and the aberration distributions.

Description

Terminal device, aberration sensitivity information generation method and program

[0001] This application claims priority to Japanese Patent Application No. 2023-217569, filed December 25, 2023, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a technique has been disclosed that enables the visual performance of eyeglass lenses to be evaluated for each eyeglass wearer (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

[0003] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-177076

[0004] One embodiment of the present invention is a terminal device comprising: a first image output unit that outputs image information of a left eye image, which can set a first aberration distribution that is an aberration distribution for the left eye, to a left eye display unit that presents an image to the left eye of a subject; a second image output unit that outputs image information of a right eye image, which can set a second aberration distribution that is an aberration distribution for the right eye, to a right eye display unit that presents an image to the right eye of the subject; a gaze information acquisition unit that acquires gaze information that detects the gaze movement of the subject when at least one of the left eye image and the right eye image is presented; and an aberration sensitivity information generation unit that generates aberration sensitivity information, which is information regarding the subject's sensitivity to aberrations, based on the acquired gaze information and the aberration distribution.

[0005] One embodiment of the present invention is an aberration sensitivity information generation method in which a computer outputs image information of a left eye image, which can set a first aberration distribution that is an aberration distribution for the left eye, to a left eye display unit that presents an image to the left eye of a subject, and outputs image information of a right eye image, which can set a second aberration distribution that is an aberration distribution for the right eye, to a right eye display unit that presents an image to the right eye of the subject, acquires gaze information that detects the gaze movement of the subject to which at least one of the left eye image and the right eye image is presented, and generates aberration sensitivity information that is information regarding the subject's sensitivity to aberrations based on the acquired gaze information and the aberration distribution.

[0006] One embodiment of the present invention is a program for causing a computer to execute the following steps: outputting image information of a left eye image, which can set a first aberration distribution that is an aberration distribution for the left eye, to a left eye display unit that presents an image to the left eye of a subject; outputting image information of a right eye image, which can set a second aberration distribution that is an aberration distribution for the right eye, to a right eye display unit that presents an image to the right eye of the subject; acquiring gaze information that detects the gaze movement of the subject when at least one of the left eye image and the right eye image is presented; and generating aberration sensitivity information, which is information regarding the subject's sensitivity to aberrations, based on the acquired gaze information and the aberration distribution.

[0007] 1 is a perspective view showing the appearance of a display device of the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a cross section of the main body of the display device. FIG. 3 is a diagram explaining Euler angles. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of an aberration sensitivity measurement system of the present embodiment. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the operational flow of sensitivity evaluation by the aberration sensitivity measurement system of the present embodiment. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a first example of a measurement scene in a virtual space of the present embodiment. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of an image to which blur aberration is applied, presented by the aberration sensitivity measurement system of the present embodiment. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a second example of a measurement scene in a virtual space of the present embodiment. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a third example of a measurement scene in a virtual space of the present embodiment. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a fourth example of a measurement scene in a virtual space of the present embodiment. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a fifth example of a measurement scene in a virtual space of the present embodiment. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of a line-of-sight guide in the virtual space of the present embodiment. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a sixth example of a measurement scene in a virtual space of the present embodiment. FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an example of a clipping plane of a viewing frustum. FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an example of a coordinate system for a near clipping plane. FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an example of a texture coordinate system. FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an example of an image processing coordinate system. FIG. 18 is a diagram showing an example of conversion from an angle to normalized coordinates of the clipping plane. FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an example of conversion from normalized coordinates of the clipping plane to an angle. FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an example of a virtual space when determining the center of the aberration distribution of the present embodiment. 1 is an example of a change over time in the intersection position between the direction of the subject's gaze and the near clipping plane of the viewing frustum. FIG. 2 is an example of a distribution of gaze center coordinates on clipping coordinates calculated by the aberration sensitivity measurement system of this embodiment. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of an image to which blur aberrations presented by the aberration sensitivity measurement system of this embodiment are applied. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of aberration conditions for blur aberrations of this embodiment. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of aberration conditions for distortion aberrations of this embodiment. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of conditions for the astigmatic axes of the left eye and the right eye in a binocular distortion sensitivity test. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing modified aberration conditions for distortion aberrations of this embodiment. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing modified conditions for the astigmatic axes of the left eye and the right eye in a binocular distortion sensitivity test. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of measurement results by the aberration sensitivity measurement system of this embodiment. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a first example of analysis results by the aberration sensitivity measurement system of this embodiment.1 is a diagram showing a second example of an analysis result by the aberration sensitivity measurement system of this embodiment. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a third example of an analysis result by the aberration sensitivity measurement system of this embodiment. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a fourth example of an analysis result by the aberration sensitivity measurement system of this embodiment. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a first example of a calculation result of the angular distribution of head rotation angles. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a second example of a calculation result of the angular distribution of head rotation angles. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a first example of a calculation result of the angular distribution of left and right eye rotation angles. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a first example of a calculation result of the angular distribution of left and right eye rotation angles. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a first example of a calculation result of binocular gaze rotation width. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a second example of a calculation result of binocular gaze rotation width. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a first example of a calculation result of the average aberration level. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a second example of a calculation result of the average aberration level. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of Euler angles in a virtual space. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of a change in gaze angle when gazing at a gaze guide object. FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an example of a change in head angle when gazing at a gaze guide object. FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an example of a result of combining a change in gaze angle and a change in head angle. FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a first example of an analysis result of left and right sensitivity balance. 1 is a diagram showing a second example of the analysis results of left-right sensitivity balance. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the correspondence relationship between the amount of aberration and the gaze range of a subject. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a first example of the analysis results of gaze use ratio. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a second example of the analysis results of gaze use ratio. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the eyeglass lens ordering system of this embodiment. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the operation flow of the eyeglass lens ordering system of this embodiment. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the detailed operation flow of the eyeglass lens ordering system.

[0008] The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 of this embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings. The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 includes a terminal device 100 and a display device 50. The configuration of the display device 50 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

[0009] 1 is a perspective view showing the appearance of a display device 50 of this embodiment. The display device 50 includes a main body 51 including a display screen, and a support part 52 that fixes the main body 51 to the subject's head so as to maintain the positional relationship between the subject's face and the display device 50. The main body 51 includes a lens holder 53 and a display screen holder 54 disposed in front of the lens holder 53.

[0010] The lens holder 53 holds imaging lenses 56L and 56R for forming images of light from the display screen onto the left and right eyes of the subject, respectively. The imaging lenses include one or more lenses. The display screen holder 54 will be described as a display unit 500.

[0011] The display unit 500 includes a left eye display section 500L that displays a left eye image 501L on the left eye of the subject, and a right eye display section 500R that displays a right eye image 501R on the right eye of the subject.

[0012] The display device 50 is connected to the terminal device 100 by a connection cable 55. Image information is transmitted from the terminal device 100 to the display device 50 via the connection cable 55. The display device 50 displays an image 501L for the left eye and an image 501R for the right eye on the display unit 500 based on the image information transmitted from the terminal device 100. In addition, various measurement information, which will be described later, is transmitted from the display device 50 to the terminal device 100 via the connection cable 55. The terminal device 100 performs various calculations, which will be described later, based on the measurement information transmitted from the display device 50. Note that the display device 50 and the terminal device 100 may be connected via wireless communication instead of (or in addition to) the wired communication described above.

[0013] 2 is a diagram schematically illustrating the A-A cross section (FIG. 1) of the main body 51 of the display device 50. The display device 50 is positioned based on the height of the subject's eye E so that the subject's eye E faces the imaging lens 56. Light emitted from the display unit 500 passes through the imaging lens 56 and enters the subject's eye E. The imaging lens 56 has positive refractive power, which allows the subject to easily focus their eye E on the display unit 500 placed in an HMD (Head Mounted Display).

[0014] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating Euler angles. When the direction of the subject's head is represented by Euler angles, the coordinate axes are defined as shown in the figure. That is, in a local coordinate system in which the subject's front direction is the z-axis, the upward direction is the y-axis, and the rightward direction is the x-axis, Yaw is rotation around the y-axis (left and right), Pitch is rotation around the x-axis (up and down), and Roll is rotation around the z-axis. When the direction of the subject's gaze is represented by Euler angles, the center of the xyz coordinate system is set as the center of rotation of the eye.

[0015] 4 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 according to this embodiment. In this embodiment, the display unit 500 has functions related to image display other than the functions possessed by the support section 52, the imaging lens 56, etc.

[0016] The display unit 500 includes a display screen 501 , an angle detection unit 502 , a communication unit 505 , a gaze detection unit 506 , and an image display control unit 510 .

[0017] The angle detection unit 502 includes an acceleration sensor, a geomagnetic sensor, and / or a gyro sensor, and detects values ​​such as the orientation, angle, and / or angular velocity of the display unit 500. From these detected values, the image display control unit 510, which will be described later, calculates the angle by which the subject has rotated their head and the direction in which the subject is facing.

[0018] The gaze detection unit 506 includes a camera or the like that captures the subject's eyes, and detects the gaze direction of the subject's left eye and right eye separately from the images of the subject's left and right eyes.

[0019] The communication unit 505 includes a communication device for communicating with the display device, and performs processes such as acquiring images used in the aberration sensitivity test provided by the terminal device 100 and transmitting line of sight information.

[0020] The image display control unit 510 includes a processor such as a CPU, executes a program stored in a memory unit (not shown), and displays an image on the display screen 501 to which the aberrations described below have been applied.

[0021] The terminal device 100 is, for example, a computer device, and includes a calculation unit 110 , a communication unit 120 , a storage unit 130 , and an input unit 140 .

[0022] The input unit 140 accepts inputs from the program screen on the display screen of the terminal device, and accepts inputs of various parameters used in the aberration sensitivity test and measurement operations.

[0023] The communication unit 120 communicates with the communication unit 505 of the display device 50 based on a predetermined communication protocol. The communication unit 120 includes, as its functional units, a gaze information acquisition unit 121, a head position / posture information acquisition unit 122, and an image output unit 123.

[0024] The head position / posture information acquisition unit 122 acquires head position / posture information in which the movement of the head of the subject to which at least one of the left eye image 501L and the right eye image 501R is presented is detected.

[0025] The line-of-sight information acquiring unit 121 acquires line-of-sight information that detects the movement of the line of sight of a subject to whom at least one of the left-eye image 501L and the right-eye image 501R is presented.

[0026] The image output unit 123 includes a first image output unit 1231 and a second image output unit 1232. The first image output unit 1231 outputs image information of the left eye image 501L to a display screen 501 (left eye display unit) that presents an image to the left eye of the subject. A first aberration distribution, which is an aberration distribution for the left eye, can be set for the left eye image 501L. The second image output unit 1232 outputs image information of the right eye image 501R to a display screen 501 (right eye display unit) that presents an image to the right eye of the subject. A second aberration distribution, which is an aberration distribution for the right eye, can be set for the right eye image 501R.

[0027] That is, the image output unit 123 can separately output the image for the left eye 501L and the image for the right eye 501R. Image information for the image for the left eye 501L and the image information for the image for the right eye 501R are both generated by the calculation unit 110.

[0028] The storage unit 130 includes a non-volatile storage medium, and stores various programs such as a program for displaying images used in the aberration sensitivity test, as well as images to be displayed.

[0029] The calculation unit 110 includes, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and operates based on programs and data stored in the storage unit 130 to provide various functions. The calculation unit 110 includes, as its functional units, a gaze center position calculation unit 111, an aberration sensitivity information generation unit 112, and a display control unit 113.

[0030] The gaze center position calculation unit 111 calculates the gaze center position based on the gaze information of the subject. The aberration distribution set in the left eye image 501L, i.e., the aberration distribution for the left eye (first aberration distribution), is an aberration distribution (function) with the gaze center position of the subject's left eye as the origin position. Here, the aberration distribution (function) means an aberration distribution indicated by a function that defines the aberration. The aberration distribution set in the right eye image 501R, i.e., the aberration distribution for the right eye (second aberration distribution), is an aberration distribution based on the gaze center position of the subject's right eye.

[0031] The gaze center position calculation unit 111 calculates the gaze center position based on the gaze frequency distribution indicated by the gaze information of the subject. For example, the gaze center position calculation unit 111 calculates the gaze center position based on a predetermined range of the gaze frequency distribution indicated by the gaze information of the subject (for example, the range of the central 90% of the gaze distribution excluding the upper 10% and lower 10%).

[0032] The aberration sensitivity information generating unit 112 generates aberration sensitivity information, which is information relating to the subject's sensitivity to aberration, based on the acquired line of sight information and aberration distribution.

[0033] If the terminal device 100 includes the head position / posture information acquisition unit 122, the aberration sensitivity information generation unit 112 generates aberration sensitivity information based on the acquired head position / posture information.

[0034] The display control unit 113 applies various aberrations to the aberration-free image to generate an aberration image, and outputs the generated aberration image to the image output unit 123.

[0035] Furthermore, the first image output unit 1231 and the second image output unit 1232 may sequentially output a plurality of pieces of image information having different aberration distribution forms. In this case, the aberration sensitivity information generation unit 112 generates aberration sensitivity information for each of the sequentially output aberration distribution forms.

[0036] The distribution pattern of aberration that the image output unit 123 applies to the aberration-free image may include a distribution pattern (first distribution pattern) in which the degree of aberration differs between the left and right eyes.

[0037] The distribution pattern of aberration that the image output unit 123 applies to the aberration-free image may include a distribution pattern (second distribution pattern) in which the degree of aberration is uniform within the display range.

[0038] The distribution form of aberration that the image output unit 123 applies to the aberration-free image may include a distribution form (third distribution form) in which the degree of aberration at the center position of the subject's line of sight is set smaller than the degree of aberration at the edge of the display range.

[0039] In the above description, "the distribution form of aberrations that the image output unit 123 applies to the aberration-free image" may be read as "the distribution form of aberrations of the image output by the image output unit 123, which is the distribution form of aberrations applied to the aberration-free image by the display control unit 113."

[0040] 5 is a diagram showing an example of the operational flow of sensitivity evaluation by the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 of this embodiment. The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 sequentially presents images to which an aberration distribution has been applied to the subject, and measures the aberration sensitivity of the subject. The images to which the aberration distribution has been applied include images to which distortion aberration has been applied and images to which blur aberration has been applied. In the following description, a case will be described in which an image to which distortion aberration has been applied is presented as an example of an image to which an aberration distribution has been applied, but images to which blur aberration has been applied can also be presented in a similar manner. Furthermore, an image to which a combination of distortion aberration and blur aberration has been applied may be presented to the subject.

[0041] In step S1111, a user of the terminal device 100 (for example, a person in charge of examining the subject at an eyeglass store) has the subject wear the display device 50 such as an HMD and positions the display screen 501 in the subject's field of view. After step S1111 is completed, the process proceeds to step S1112.

[0042] In step S1112, the examiner sequentially displays images Y (hereinafter referred to as images Y with distortion aberration applied, distortion aberration-applied images Y, or simply images Y) obtained by applying multiple distortion aberrations with different aberrations to an aberration-free image on the display screen 501, allows the subject to view the images Y with distortion aberration applied, and obtains the subject's impression of the images Y with distortion aberration applied. The examiner displays the images Y with distortion aberration applied in areas of the display screen 501 corresponding to the lateral portions La1 and La2 (not shown) of the progressive-power lens, for example. Here, the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 outputs a left-eye image 501L and a right-eye image 501R from the terminal device 100 to the display device 50 based on the examiner's operation. The display device 50 presents the left-eye image 501L and the right-eye image 501R output from the terminal device 100 to the subject. The examiner fixes the distortion direction of the distortion aberration to be displayed, increases the degree of distortion, and identifies the distortion direction or (and) degree of distortion for which the subject responded that the distortion aberration-applied image Y (i.e., the image Y after the distortion aberration has been changed) is unacceptable. Here, the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 sets the degree of distortion based on the examiner's operation for setting the degree of distortion, and generates the left eye image 501L and the right eye image 501R with the set degree of distortion. Furthermore, the examiner changes the distortion direction, fixes the distortion direction, and increases the degree of distortion to identify the distortion aberration-applied image Y for which the subject responded that it is unacceptable. In this way, multiple distortion aberration-applied images Y, each with a different degree of distortion, are displayed for one or more distortion directions. After step S1112 is completed, proceed to step S1113. The order in which the distortion aberration-applied images Y with different degrees of distortion are presented and the number of repetitions are not limited.

[0043] In step S1113, the examiner evaluates the subject's sensitivity to distortion in the visual field of the subject who viewed the distortion aberration-applied image Y. Based on the responses from the subject who viewed the distortion aberration-applied image Y obtained in step S1112, the examiner converts the subject's sensitivity to distortion into a numerical value according to a predetermined standard and records the numerical value. For example, as described above, if the degree of distortion in the distortion aberration-applied image Y is increased until the subject responds that it is unacceptable, the degree of distortion at which the subject initially responded that it is unacceptable and the degree of distortion that the subject can tolerate are acquired as parameters indicating the subject's sensitivity to distortion (hereinafter referred to as sensitivity parameters). In other words, the sensitivity parameter is determined based on the identified distortion aberration-applied image Y.

[0044] [Measurement Scene] Next, a description will be given of a measurement scene performed by the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5. A measurement scene refers to a type of virtual space VS that the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 presents to the subject via the display device 50. In the following description, the measurement scene may also be simply referred to as a "scene."

[0045] [Measurement Scene (1) Measurement of Blur Sensitivity] Measurement scenes for measuring blur sensitivity among the aberration sensitivity measurements will be described. Examples of measurement scenes for blur sensitivity include a distance vision scene (or a long-distance vision scene; the same applies below), an intermediate distance vision scene, and a near vision scene (or a short-distance vision scene).

[0046] FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a first example of a measurement scene in the virtual space VS of this embodiment. This figure shows an example of a distance vision scene. The distance vision scene is a scene for measuring aberration sensitivity (e.g., blur sensitivity) in distance vision. In the distance vision scene, a virtual display is placed in the virtual space VS at a distance of 3 m in the depth direction (+z direction) from the subject. The size of this virtual display is set to a range that the subject can see by simply changing the line of sight without turning their head left or right (i.e., without rotating in the yaw direction). In this example, a linear function is applied to the blur aberration function. As an example, horizontally written text is displayed on the virtual display in the virtual space VS. The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 presents images of horizontally written text to the left and right eyes of the subject, respectively.

[0047] 7A and 7B are diagrams showing an example of an image PA1 to which blur aberrations are applied, as presented by the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 of this embodiment. FIG. 7A shows an image PA1L to which blur aberrations for the left eye are applied. FIG. 7B shows an image PA1R to which blur aberrations for the right eye are applied. By viewing the image PA1L to which blur aberrations for the left eye are applied with the left eye and the image PA1R to which blur aberrations for the right eye are applied with the right eye, the subject perceives horizontally written text as being located 3 m away from the subject in the depth direction (+z direction) in the virtual space VS. The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 can individually set the blur state of the image PA1L to which blur aberrations for the left eye are applied and the blur state of the image PA1R to which blur aberrations for the right eye are applied.

[0048] 8 is a diagram showing a second example of a measurement scene in the virtual space VS of this embodiment. This figure shows an example of an intermediate distance vision scene. The intermediate distance vision scene is a scene for measuring aberration sensitivity (e.g., blur sensitivity) at an intermediate distance between far vision and near vision. In the intermediate distance vision scene, a virtual display is placed in the virtual space VS at a position 1 m away from the subject in the depth direction (+z direction). In this example, a constant function is applied to the blur aberration function.

[0049] 9 is a diagram showing a third example of a measurement scene in the virtual space VS of this embodiment. This figure shows a modified intermediate distance vision scene. In this modified example, a virtual figure (e.g., a Landolt ring) for measuring visual acuity (e.g., spatial resolution) is placed in the virtual space VS at a position 1 m away from the subject in the depth direction (+z direction).

[0050] 10 is a diagram showing a fourth example of a measurement scene in the virtual space VS of this embodiment. This figure shows an example of a near vision scene. The near vision scene is a scene for measuring aberration sensitivity (e.g., blur sensitivity) at close distances. In the near vision scene, objects such as a virtual display device, newspaper, or book are placed within the virtual space VS at a distance of approximately 1.0 m from the subject.

[0051] In measuring blur sensitivity, there is no need to guide the subject's line of sight, and therefore the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 does not display a guide object PG for guiding the subject's line of sight in the blur sensitivity measurement scene.

[0052] [Measurement Scene (2) Measurement of Distortion Sensitivity] A measurement scene for measuring distortion sensitivity, among the aberration sensitivity measurements, will be described. In the distortion sensitivity measurement, the subject's sensitivity to distortion is measured while the subject's line of sight and head are rotated around the yaw axis. Therefore, unlike the above-mentioned blur sensitivity measurement scene, in the distortion sensitivity measurement scene, the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 places a guide object PG, such as a sphere, in the scene to guide the subject's line of sight.

[0053] FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a fifth example of a measurement scene in a virtual space VS according to this embodiment. This figure shows an example of a distortion sensitivity measurement scene. The distortion sensitivity measurement scene is, for example, a scene simulating the appearance of a desk during work. In the distortion sensitivity measurement scene, an image of a personal computer, display, or tablet is placed at an intermediate distance (e.g., within approximately 2.0 to 3.0 m from the subject) within the virtual space VS. In the distortion sensitivity measurement scene, the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 presents the subject with an image PA2 to which distortion aberration has been applied within the virtual space VS. For example, in the image PA2 to which distortion aberration has been applied, the amount of movement of the position of each point of an object due to distortion is given so that it differs at each position of a frustum with the viewpoint as its vertex.

[0054] FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of a visual guide in a virtual space VS according to this embodiment. The figure shows a spherical guide object PG (an example of a visual guide object, and any shape may be used) that is a virtual sphere floating in the virtual space VS as an example of a visual guide. The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 moves the guide object left and right (x-axis direction), up and down (y-axis direction), and front and back (z-axis direction) within the virtual space VS. The subject follows the guide object PG moving left and right, up and down, and front and back by moving their eyes or their head. The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 can obtain measurement results when the subject views the guide object PG moving left and right, up and down, and front and back with distortion.

[0055] 13 is a diagram showing a sixth example of a measurement scene in the virtual space VS of this embodiment. This figure shows an example of a distortion sensitivity measurement scene, as seen from inside a car driven by a subject. In the car scene shown in this figure, gaze data can be obtained when looking at nearby (a driving panel area VS61) and distant (a forward view area VS62, including signs and towns) depending on the state of distortion and blur aberration.

[0056] [Types of Aberrations Presented by the Aberration Sensitivity Measurement System] The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 can present a virtual space VS containing various types of aberrations. For example, spectacle lens aberrations include blur and distortion. In this case, the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 presents blur, distortion, and a combination of blur and distortion as aberrations to the subject. (1) Blur: In this embodiment, blur refers to a phenomenon in which an optical wavefront emitted from a single point on an object spreads rather than converging to a single point at the retina. The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 reproduces the blur phenomenon in the virtual space VS through image processing. (2) Distortion: In this embodiment, distortion refers to a phenomenon in which the path of light rays is changed by spectacle lenses, causing the shape of an object to appear distorted from its original shape. The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 reproduces the distortion phenomenon in the virtual space VS through image processing. The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 expresses the amount of distortion (for example, the amount of change in the visible position of an object due to a change in the path of a light ray) in the virtual space VS by applying an arbitrary aberration function f(x, y) or a value calculated from the design data of the eyeglass lens.

[0057] Regarding the above-mentioned aberrations such as blur and distortion, by calculating the distribution of aberrations within the viewing frustum in advance, it is possible to apply the amount of aberration according to the distance of the object.

[0058] [Definition of Aberration Function] Fig. 14 is a diagram showing an example of a clipping plane of a view frustum. The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 generates an image by projecting the measurement scene onto the near clipping plane.

[0059] 15 is a diagram showing an example of a coordinate system for the near clipping plane. The near clipping plane is a coordinate system normalized to the range of −1 to +1 for the x-axis and y-axis. The aberration function f(x, y) is defined such that the variables x and y range from −1 to +1. In general, aberration is defined by a function in which the position (xg, yg) and angle (θh, θv) in three-dimensional space are variables.

[0060] FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an example of a texture coordinate system. The texture coordinate system is a coordinate system used to represent the coordinates of image data. When image data is defined in the texture coordinate system (UV coordinate system), the aberration function f(u,v) is defined such that the variables u and v range from 0 to 1. The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 performs image processing using the aberration function in a coordinate system (i.e., an image processing coordinate system) whose origin is the center position of the texture coordinate system.

[0061] 17 is a diagram showing an example of an image processing coordinate system, in which the aberration function defines the aberration value at each in-plane position in the image processing coordinate system (U'V' coordinate system) shown in the figure.

[0062] [Coordinate transformation of clipping plane] The procedure for transforming a function with position and angle as variables into the image processing coordinate system is explained below. The vertical field of view of the viewing frustum is defined as fovy, the horizontal field of view as fovx, and the distance from the viewpoint to the clipping plane as d.

[0063] [(1) Conversion from angle to normalized coordinates of clipping plane] Fig. 18 is a diagram showing an example of conversion from angle to normalized coordinates of clipping plane. Fig. 18(A) shows an example of conversion in the horizontal direction. Fig. 18(B) shows an example of conversion in the vertical direction. Based on equations (1) and (2), the horizontal angle θh and the vertical angle θv are converted into normalized coordinate values ​​(x, y).

[0064]

[0065]

[0066] [(2) Conversion of Normalized Coordinates of Clipping Plane into Angle] Fig. 19 shows an example of conversion of the normalized coordinates of the clipping plane into an angle. Fig. 19(A) shows an example of conversion in the horizontal direction. Fig. 19(B) shows an example of conversion in the vertical direction. Based on equations (3) and (4), the normalized coordinate values ​​(x, y) are converted into a horizontal angle θh and a vertical angle θv. These equations are used when calculating angles back from the measurement results of the clipping coordinates, rather than converting the aberration function.

[0067]

[0068]

[0069] (3) Conversion of position to normalized coordinates of clipping plane: Let the number of pixels in the image be w × h. If the physical size of the image is the distance to the object, dobj, then the physical size of the plane at distance dobj, W × H, is given by equation (5).

[0070]

[0071] The physical size per unit pixel is given by equation (6).

[0072]

[0073] The normalized coordinates (x, y) of the clipping plane from the position (xg, yg) are given by equation (7).

[0074]

[0075] (4) Conversion from Clipping Coordinates to Texture Coordinates The conversion from the normalized coordinates (x, y) of the clipping plane to the texture UV coordinate system is shown by equation (8).

[0076]

[0077] (5) Transformation from Texture UV Coordinate System to Image Processing Coordinate System Transformation from the texture UV coordinate system to the image processing coordinate system is shown by equation (9).

[0078]

[0079] [Blur Aberration Function] The blur aberration function defines the size of the circle or ellipse that is the blur range for each position or angle. It can be converted from the physical size W × H of the plane and the size of the circle or ellipse that is the blur range to the size of the blur range in the image processing coordinate system. The shape of the aberration function is a constant value and is expressed by equation (10).

[0080]

[0081] The blur aberration function can also be expressed by equation (11), which is a linear function, where a and b are arbitrary constants and xo and yo are central position offset amounts.

[0082]

[0083] Here, when the distance r from the center is expressed as equation (12), the blur aberration function can also be expressed in the form of equation (13).

[0084]

[0085]

[0086] The aberration sensitivity measuring system 5 can also have a table of the size of the blur range calculated by ray tracing of the spectacle lens.

[0087] [Distortion aberration function] The distortion aberration function defines the amount of displacement [Δx, Δy] of an apparent object due to distortion of the eyeglass lens for each position or angle. The shape of the aberration function is expressed by equation (15) when a is an arbitrary constant, xo and yo are the central position offset amounts, and the distance r from the center is expressed as equation (14).

[0088]

[0089]

[0090] The aberration sensitivity measuring system 5 can also have a table of displacements [Δx, Δy] calculated by ray tracing of the spectacle lens.

[0091] [Measurement of the Center Position of the Aberration Function] When applying an arbitrary aberration distribution by image processing, the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 determines the center of the aberration distribution in advance by the following procedure.

[0092] 20 is a diagram showing an example of a virtual space VS when determining the center of the aberration distribution in this embodiment. The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 displays a guide object PG (also referred to as a gaze guide object) in the virtual space VS and asks the subject to fixate on it for about 15 seconds. At this time, the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 does not change the position of the guide object PG in the virtual space VS. The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 detects the subject's gaze direction. The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 calculates the intersection position between the subject's gaze direction and the near clipping plane of the viewing frustum.

[0093] FIG. 21 shows an example of a change over time in the intersection position between the subject's gaze direction and the near clipping plane of the viewing frustum. The figure illustrates the x-axis coordinate among the coordinates (xy) indicating the intersection position between the subject's gaze direction and the near clipping plane of the viewing frustum. Note that FIG. 21A shows the coordinate for the subject's left eye. FIG. 21B shows the coordinate for the subject's left eye. As described above, when determining the center of the aberration distribution, the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 does not change the position of the guide object PG in the virtual space VS. On the other hand, depending on the subject, it may take some time for the subject to focus their gaze on the position of the guide object PG and maintain their gaze at that position (i.e., fixate on the guide object PG). The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 does not use the coordinate data for the first 6 seconds or so after the guide object PG is displayed from the coordinate data of the intersection position during the approximately 15 seconds the subject is fixating on the guide object PG, but instead uses the coordinate data for the 5 seconds from 6 seconds after the start to 11 seconds after the start as the valid coordinate data VD1.

[0094] Furthermore, the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 rearranges the coordinates in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction of the acquired effective coordinate data VD1 in ascending order (or descending order). That is, the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 converts the effective coordinate data VD1 acquired on the time axis for the coordinates of the line of sight center into a histogram in which the coordinates are arranged in order according to the distance from the center of the coordinates.

[0095] 22 shows an example of the distribution of gaze center coordinates on clipping coordinates calculated by the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 of this embodiment. Fig. 22A shows the distribution of gaze center coordinates of the left eye of the subject. Fig. 22B shows the distribution of gaze center coordinates of the right eye of the subject.

[0096] The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 does not use coordinate data in the top and bottom 5% of the distribution of gaze center coordinates for each x and y coordinate axis, but uses coordinate data in the central 90% of the range in the coordinate axis direction as effective coordinate data VD2. In the example shown in the figure, the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 uses coordinate data included in effective coordinate data VD2Lx in the x-axis direction and effective coordinate data VD2Ly in the y-axis direction of the subject's left eye as effective coordinate data VD2L of the subject's left eye. Also, the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 uses coordinate data included in effective coordinate data VD2Rx in the x-axis direction and effective coordinate data VD2Ry in the y-axis direction of the subject's right eye as effective coordinate data VD2R of the subject's right eye.

[0097] Depending on the subject, the amount of gaze blur may become large when aligning the gaze with the position of the guide object PG. As the amount of gaze blur increases, the amount of blur in the gaze center coordinates also increases. The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 is configured to use coordinate data in the 90% range rather than using coordinate data in the upper and lower 5% ranges along the coordinate axis. Therefore, even when the amount of gaze blur is large, the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 can improve measurement accuracy by removing abnormal coordinate values ​​that occur due to noise during measurement, blinking, etc.

[0098] The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 sets the coordinate value (clip coordinate [-1, 1]) of the center value of the adopted effective coordinate data VD2 (i.e., coordinate data in the 90% interval) as the origin O of the aberration function. That is, the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 sets the center of distribution of the effective coordinate data VD2L of the left eye as the aberration origin CL of the left eye, and the center of distribution of the effective coordinate data VD2R of the right eye as the aberration origin CR of the right eye.

[0099] That is, the aberration sensitivity measuring system 5 determines the aberration origin CL of the left eye and the aberration origin CR of the right eye of the subject independently of each other.

[0100] FIG. 23 is a diagram showing an example of a blur aberration-applied image PA1 presented by the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 of this embodiment. The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 presents an image PA1 to which blur aberrations generated individually for the left and right eyes of the subject have been applied. The figure shows examples of a blur aberration-applied image PA1L for the left eye and a blur aberration-applied image PA1R for the right eye. In these blur aberration-applied images PA1, the aberration intensity is set so that the amount of aberration (blur amount) in the blur region B is larger than that near the aberration origin CL. The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 generates an image PA1L to which blur aberrations for the left eye have been applied, to be presented to the left eye of the subject, based on the aberration origin CL of the left eye. The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 generates an image PA1R to which blur aberrations for the right eye have been applied, to be presented to the right eye of the subject, based on the aberration origin CL of the left eye. Therefore, the aberration sensitivity measuring system 5 can align the center of the aberration distribution with the center of the line of sight depending on the left and right eyes of the individual subject.

[0101] [Aberration Conditions] The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 changes the aberration conditions of the left and right displays, has the subject experience a scene, and records data on the line of sight and head posture, as well as the subjective level of visibility. Specific examples of aberration conditions are shown in Figures 24 to 28.

[0102] [Aberration Condition (1) Binocular Blur Sensitivity Test] FIG. 24 is a diagram showing an example of aberration conditions for blur aberration in this embodiment. As an example, the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 measures binocular blur sensitivity under the conditions shown in the figure. The measurement stages are the order of aberration conditions that the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 presents to the subject. The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 may perform the measurement stages (i.e., the order) randomly, rather than in the order shown in the figure. Furthermore, the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 may repeatedly present the same measurement stage to the subject. As in measurement stage 5 and measurement stage 6 shown in the figure, the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 of this embodiment can present images to which different aberration conditions are applied individually to the left and right eyes of the subject.

[0103] [Aberration Condition (2) Binocular Distortion Sensitivity Test] Figure 25 is a diagram showing an example of aberration conditions for distortion aberration in this embodiment. As an example, the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 measures binocular distortion sensitivity under the conditions shown in the figure. The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 may perform the measurement steps (i.e., the order) randomly, rather than in the order shown in the figure. Furthermore, the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 may repeatedly present the same measurement step to the subject.

[0104] 26 is a diagram showing an example of the conditions for the astigmatic axis of the left eye and the astigmatic axis of the right eye in a binocular distortion sensitivity test. The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 of this embodiment can present images to which different aberration conditions are applied individually to the left eye and the right eye of the subject. Therefore, the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 can present images to which different aberration conditions are applied individually, for example, according to the astigmatic axis of the left eye and the astigmatic axis of the right eye of the subject.

[0105] In the above example, an example of aberration conditions is shown in which the astigmatic axis is kept constant and the astigmatic power is changed. As a modification, the astigmatic axis may be changed while the astigmatic power is kept constant.

[0106] Fig. 27 is a diagram showing modified aberration conditions for distortion aberration in this embodiment. Fig. 28 is a diagram showing modified conditions for the astigmatic axis of the left eye and the astigmatic axis of the right eye in a binocular distortion sensitivity test. In this modified example, the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 may acquire the condition of the astigmatic axis that the subject feels most uncomfortable seeing, and then vary the astigmatic power for that astigmatic axis to perform the measurement. Furthermore, the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 may perform a binocular sensitivity test by combining both blur aberration and distortion aberration.

[0107] 29 is a diagram showing an example of the measurement results obtained by the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 of this embodiment. The measurement results include numerical data obtained from the display device 50 and data on the subjective level of visual comfort obtained by asking the subject questions.

[0108] [Example of Analysis Result] Next, an example of the analysis result obtained by the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 will be described.

[0109] [Analysis Result (1): Change in Collision Position Between Head Direction Extension Line and Virtual Object] FIG. 30 shows a first example of analysis results obtained by the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 of this embodiment. The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 calculates the intersection between a virtual object presented in the virtual space VS and an extension line of the subject's head direction within the virtual space VS. (A) in FIG. 30 shows the time change in the movement of the intersection in the x-axis and y-axis directions in a state where the aberration is relatively small (e.g., a state where the aberration is zero). (B) in FIG. 30 shows the time change in the movement of the intersection in the x-axis and y-axis directions in a state where the aberration is relatively large. It is analyzed that this example subject tends to shake his head significantly from side to side as the aberration increases. In this way, the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 can analyze the relationship between the amount of aberration and the state of head movement.

[0110] [Analysis Result (2): Change in Collision Position Between Gaze Direction Extension and Virtual Object] FIG. 31 shows a second example of the analysis result obtained by the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 of this embodiment. The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 calculates the intersection between a virtual object presented in the virtual space VS and an extension of the subject's gaze direction within the virtual space VS. FIG. 31A shows the time change in the x-axis and y-axis movement of the intersection in a state where the aberration is relatively small (e.g., a state where the aberration is zero). FIG. 31B shows the time change in the x-axis and y-axis movement of the intersection in a state where the aberration is relatively large. In this example, the subject views the virtual object over approximately the same range regardless of the magnitude of the aberration. Based on the analysis result (1) described above, it is analyzed that the subject tends to move their gaze left and right widely when the aberration is small, and to move their gaze more narrowly when the aberration is large. In this way, the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 can analyze the relationship between the amount of aberration and the state of gaze movement (e.g., whether the gaze is correctly tracking the target object).

[0111] [Analysis Result (3) Gaze Distribution] Fig. 32 is a diagram showing a third example of the analysis result obtained by the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 of this embodiment. The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 calculates the distribution of intersections (gaze distribution) between the planes in front of the left and right eyes in the virtual space VS and the subject's gaze. Fig. 32 (A1) shows the gaze distribution of the subject's left eye when the aberration is relatively small (for example, when the aberration is zero). Fig. 32 (B1) shows the gaze distribution of the subject's right eye when the aberration is relatively small (for example, when the aberration is zero). Fig. 32 (A2) shows the gaze distribution of the subject's left eye when the aberration is relatively large. Fig. 32 (B2) shows the gaze distribution of the subject's right eye when the aberration is relatively large. For the gaze distribution, a 90% distribution range (the distribution range indicated by the above-mentioned effective coordinate data VD2) is used.

[0112] The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 analyzes how much the eye is moving left and right and up and down. In the example shown in the figure, the width of the 90% distribution range is narrowed so that the subject's line of sight avoids areas with large aberrations.

[0113] 33 is a diagram showing a fourth example of the analysis result obtained by the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 of this embodiment. The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 calculates the 90% interval width of the angle distribution when the distribution of collision positions between the head direction extension line and the object (display) is converted into an angle distribution.

[0114] Fig. 34 is a diagram showing a first example of the calculation results of the angular distribution of head rotation angles. Fig. 35 is a diagram showing a second example of the calculation results of the angular distribution of head rotation angles. The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 calculates the Euler angles of the subject's head based on a reference direction of the head (e.g., the forward direction) and the current head direction of the subject. In the example shown in the figure, the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 calculates the yaw components of the Euler angles and the rotation angles of the pitch components. The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 presents the maximum and minimum values ​​of the calculated rotation angles in graph form for each aberration condition.

[0115] [Analysis Result (5) Left and Right Eye Rotation Angle] Fig. 36 is a diagram showing a first example of the calculation results of the angular distribution of left and right eye rotation angles. Fig. 37 is a diagram showing a second example of the calculation results of the angular distribution of left and right eye rotation angles. The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 calculates the rotation angles in the horizontal direction (yaw component) and vertical direction (pitch component) of the gaze distribution of each of the left eye and right eye. The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 presents the maximum and minimum values ​​of the calculated rotation angles in graph form for each aberration condition.

[0116] [Analysis Result (6) Binocular Gaze Rotation Angle] Figure 38 is a diagram showing a first example of the calculation result of the binocular gaze rotation angle. Figure 39 is a diagram showing a second example of the calculation result of the binocular gaze rotation angle. Here, the binocular gaze rotation angle is the width of the range where the gaze rotation angle of the left eye and the gaze rotation angle of the right eye overlap. The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 analyzes the start and end values ​​and magnitude of the rotation angle and the influence of aberration. For example, the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 calculates the influence of aberration by subtracting the result without aberration from the result with aberration. The smaller the influence amount, the less the influence of aberration, so the aberration conditions influenced by the threshold can be extracted and used as the allowable aberration level for design.

[0117] [Analysis Result (7) Average Aberration Level] Figure 40 is a diagram showing a first example of the calculation results of the average aberration level. Figure 41 is a diagram showing a second example of the calculation results of the average aberration level. The average aberration level indicates which aberration portion within the visual field the gaze is using to look. The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 calculates the aberration amount of the gaze position for each sample time. The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 integrates the calculated aberration amount graph and divides the integrated value by time to obtain the average aberration level. When both eyes have the same aberration, it can be used as a sensitivity target for the subject's blur.

[0118] [Analysis Result (8) Average Aberration Level] Figure 42 shows an example of Euler angles in the virtual space VS. Figure 43 shows an example of a change in the gaze angle when gazing at a gaze guide object. Figure 44 shows an example of a change in the head angle when gazing at a gaze guide object. Figure 45 shows an example of a result obtained by combining a change in the gaze angle and a change in the head angle. In a test in which a visual target (gaze guide object) is displayed and moved within the measurement scene, the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 analyzes the amount of misalignment between the visual target and the subject's gaze on the time axis. The magnitude of the misalignment is proportional to the magnitude of sensitivity. The amount of misalignment is expressed as the distance between the visual target and the intersection point of the gaze in a plane perpendicular to the gaze, or the difference in the Euler rotation of the gaze (around the yaw axis, pitch axis, and roll axis). The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 determines the amount of misalignment between the visual target and the gaze by integrating the difference between the Euler angle of the gaze guide and the Euler angle when the head and gaze are aligned on the time axis.

[0119] [Analysis Result (9) Mean Pupil Diameter] The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 may calculate the pupil diameter. Specifically, the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 sorts the pupil diameter measurement results in ascending or descending order and adopts a predetermined range (e.g., 90% range) in the center of the sorting order as valid data. The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 determines the intermediate value (e.g., median or average) of the adopted valid data as the mean pupil diameter.

[0120] [Analysis Result (10) Number of Blinks] The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 may calculate the number of blinks. Specifically, the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 counts the number of blinks by determining whether or not blinks occur based on a change over time in the degree of eye opening. The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 evaluates the number of blinks per unit time by dividing the counted number of blinks by the measurement time.

[0121] [Use in Design Index of Spectacle Lenses] The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 outputs the above-described analysis results as design indexes for spectacle lenses that reflect the individual differences of the subject and the difference in sensitivity between the left and right eyes.

[0122] [Use in designing optotypes for eyeglass lenses (1) left-right sensitivity balance] Fig. 46 is a diagram showing a first example of the analysis results of the left-right sensitivity balance. Fig. 47 is a diagram showing a second example of the analysis results of the left-right sensitivity balance. The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 outputs the results of comparing the rotation angles of the right eye and the left eye for each aberration condition as a design index for eyeglass lenses that reflects the individual differences between the test subject and the difference in sensitivity between the left and right eyes.

[0123] [Use in Designing Optotypes for Spectacle Lenses (2) Allowable Amount of Blur During Gaze Movement] Figure 48 is a diagram showing an example of the correspondence relationship between the amount of aberration and the subject's gaze range. The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 detects a condition in which the rotation width drops significantly (i.e., the subject looks while turning their head to avoid the aberration). The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 calculates to what portion of the aberration distribution the eye has rotated under that condition. The gaze range determination threshold can be the aberration amount at either the start position or the end position of the gaze range (for example, the smaller one).

[0124] [Use in designing eye targets for eyeglass lenses (3) Gaze use ratio] The ratio of the subject's gaze when they rotate their head and gaze to look at an object is defined as the gaze use ratio. The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 calculates the change in ratio when the aberration conditions are changed relative to when both eyes see clearly (00 / 00). The formula for calculating the gaze use ratio is shown in Equation (16).

[0125] The left / right gaze usage ratio is calculated using the following formula (17).

[0126]

[0127] Fig. 49 is a diagram showing a first example of the analysis results of the gaze use ratio. Fig. 50 is a diagram showing a second example of the analysis results of the gaze use ratio. The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 outputs the results of calculating the gaze use ratio for each aberration condition as a design index for eyeglass lenses that reflects individual differences between subjects and the difference in sensitivity between the left and right eyes.

[0128] [Use as a design index for eyeglass lenses (4) Allowable distortion amount] The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 outputs the astigmatism power based on the subjective evaluation results of the distortion sensitivity test (for example, level 3: feels a little uncomfortable) as the allowable distortion power, as a design index for eyeglass lenses that reflects the individual differences between the subjects and the difference in sensitivity between the left and right eyes.

[0129] [Use as a design index for eyeglass lenses (5) Allowable difference in astigmatism axis between the left and right eyes] The aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 outputs the allowable difference in astigmatism axis between the left and right eyes based on the subjective evaluation results (for example, level 3: feels a little uncomfortable) when the difference in the astigmatism axis between the left and right eyes is changed, as a design index for eyeglass lenses that reflects the individual differences between the subjects and the difference in sensitivity between the left and right eyes.

[0130] As described above, the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 can acquire data (e.g., aberration sensitivity) that serves as a design index for eyeglass lenses that reflects individual differences between subjects and the difference in sensitivity between the left and right eyes. Furthermore, the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5 acquires aberration sensitivity using virtual eyeglass lenses created by image processing, so that sensitivity parameters can be measured while the subject experiences vision with aberrations that are difficult to achieve with physical test lenses, for example.

[0131] 51 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the eyeglass lens ordering system 10 of this embodiment. The eyeglass lens ordering system 10 includes an ordering device 1 installed in an eyeglass store (i.e., an orderer of eyeglass lenses), an order receiving device 2 installed in a lens manufacturer, a processing machine control device 3, and an eyeglass lens processing machine 4.

[0132] The ordering device 1 and the order receiving device 2 are connected to be able to communicate with each other via a network 5 such as the Internet. A processing machine control device 3 is connected to the order receiving device 2, and an eyeglass lens processing machine 4 is connected to the processing machine control device 3. For convenience of illustration, only one ordering device 1 is shown in Fig. 7, but in reality, multiple ordering devices 1 installed in multiple eyeglass stores are connected to the order receiving device 2.

[0133] The ordering device 1 is a computer that processes orders for eyeglass lenses, and includes a control unit 11, a memory unit 12, a communication unit 13, a display unit 14, and an input unit 15. The control unit 11 includes a processor such as a CPU, and controls the ordering device 1 by executing a program stored in the memory unit 12. The control unit 11 is equipped with an order processing unit 111 that processes orders for eyeglass lenses. The communication unit 13 communicates with the order receiving device 2 via a network 5. The display unit 14 is a display device such as an LCD display or CRT, and displays an order screen, etc. for inputting information about the eyeglass lenses to be ordered (order information). The input unit 15 includes input devices such as a mouse and a keyboard. Order information, etc. according to the contents of the order screen is input via the input unit 15. The display unit 14 and the input unit 15 may be integrated into one unit using a touch panel, etc.

[0134] The order receiving device 2 is a computer that performs order processing, design processing, and optical performance calculation processing for eyeglass lenses, and is configured to include a control unit 21, a memory unit 22, a communication unit 23, a display unit 24, and an input unit 25. The control unit 21 is configured to include a processor such as a CPU, and controls the order receiving device 2 by executing programs stored in the memory unit 22. The control unit 21 includes an order processing unit 211 that processes orders for eyeglass lenses, and a design unit 212 that designs eyeglass lenses. The communication unit 23 communicates with the order receiving device 1 via the network 5 and with the processing machine control device 3. The memory unit 22 readably stores various data for eyeglass lens design. The display unit 24 is a display device such as a liquid crystal display or a CRT, and displays the design results of eyeglass lenses, etc. The input unit 25 is configured to include input devices such as a mouse and a keyboard. The display unit 24 and the input unit 25 may be integrated into one unit using a touch panel or the like. Furthermore, the functions of the order receiving device 2 may be performed by an order receiving device including an order processing unit 211 and a design device including a design unit 212 .

[0135] Figure 52 is a diagram showing an example of the flow of operations of the eyeglass lens ordering system of this embodiment. The procedure for providing eyeglass lenses in the eyeglass lens ordering system 10 will be explained using the flowchart shown in the figure. The left side of the figure shows procedures S11 to S13 performed by the eyeglass store, and the right side of the figure shows procedures S21 to S23 performed by the lens manufacturer. In the eyeglass lens manufacturing method in the eyeglass lens ordering system 10, eyeglass lenses are designed using the eyeglass lens design method described above.

[0136] In step S11, the orderer acquires information regarding the subject's visual sensitivity. In this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 53, the orderer performs an aberration sensitivity test on the subject to acquire information regarding the subject's sensitivity to distortion.

[0137] 53 is a diagram showing an example of a detailed operational flow in step S11. In step S1111, the orderer has the subject wear a display device 50 such as an HMD and positions the display screen 501 in the subject's field of view. After step S1111 is completed, the process proceeds to step S1112.

[0138] In step S1112, the orderer sequentially displays a plurality of distortion aberration applied images Y having different distortions on the display screen 501, allows the subject to view the images, and obtains the subject's impression of the distortion aberration applied images Y. For example, the orderer displays the distortion aberration applied images Y in the areas of the display screen 501 corresponding to the lateral portions La1 and La2 of the progressive power lens, as shown in FIG. 6 . The orderer fixes the distortion direction of the displayed distortion aberration applied images Y, gradually increases the degree of distortion, and identifies the distortion aberration applied images Y for which the subject responded that they are unacceptable. The orderer then fixes the distortion direction while changing the distortion direction, gradually increases the degree of distortion, and identifies the distortion aberration applied images Y for which the subject responded that they are unacceptable. In this manner, a plurality of distortion aberration applied images Y, each with a different degree of distortion, are displayed for one or more distortion directions. After step S1112 is completed, the process proceeds to step S1113.

[0139] The order in which distortion aberrations having different degrees of distortion are applied is not particularly limited.

[0140] In step S1113, the orderer evaluates the subject's sensitivity to distortion in the visual field after viewing the distortion aberration-applied image Y. Based on the responses from the subject who viewed the distortion aberration-applied image Y obtained in step S1112, the orderer converts the subject's sensitivity to distortion into a numerical value according to a predetermined standard and records the numerical value. For example, if the degree of distortion of the distortion aberration-applied image Y is increased until the subject responds that it is unacceptable, as described above, the degree of distortion of the distortion aberration-applied image Y at which the subject initially responded that it was unacceptable and the degree of distortion of the distortion aberration-applied image Y at the subject's limit of tolerance are acquired as parameters indicating the subject's sensitivity to distortion (hereinafter referred to as sensitivity parameters). In other words, the sensitivity parameter is determined based on the image to which the above-specified distortion aberration has been applied. After step S1113 is completed, the orderer proceeds to step S12.

[0141] 52 , in step S12, the orderer determines order information for the eyeglass lenses, including information regarding the subject's sensitivity to distortion in the visual field, such as the sensitivity parameters, acquired in step S1113. Then, the orderer causes the display unit 14 of the order device 1 to display an order screen, and inputs the order information via the input unit 15.

[0142] In step S13 , the ordering device 1 transmits the order information to the order receiving device 2 via the communication unit 13 .

[0143] In step S21, when the order processing unit 211 of the order receiving device 2 receives the order information from the ordering device 1 via the communication unit 23, the process proceeds to step S22. In step S22, the design unit 212 of the order receiving device 2 designs the eyeglass lens based on the received order information.

[0144] 54 is a diagram showing an example of the detailed operational flow in step S22. In step S2211, the order receiving device 2 acquires prescription data for the eyeglass lenses and design parameters such as information regarding the subject's sensitivity to distortion and / or an index indicating the range of small astigmatism. The order receiving device 2 also acquires fitting parameters such as the forward tilt angle, curvature angle, and vertex distance of the frame as appropriate. After step S2211 is completed, the process proceeds to step S2212.

[0145] In step S2212, the design unit 212 of the order receiving device 2 sets the target aberration distribution and / or the target power distribution of the eyeglass lens based on the information regarding the subject's sensitivity to distortion and / or the design parameters acquired in step S2211.

[0146] In step S2213, the order receiving device 2 determines the overall lens shape of the eyeglass lens based on the set target aberration distribution and / or target power distribution. After step S2213 is completed, the process proceeds to step S2214.

[0147] In step S2214, the order receiving device 2 determines whether the optical characteristics of the eyeglass lens, such as refractive power and astigmatism, satisfy the desired conditions. The desired conditions are conditions that reflect the subject's sensitivity while satisfying all prescriptions. If the desired conditions are satisfied, a positive judgment is made in step S2214, the design process is terminated, and the process proceeds to step S23. If the desired conditions are not satisfied, a negative judgment is made in step S2214, and the process returns to step S2213.

[0148] Returning to Fig. 52, in step S23, the order receiving device 2 outputs the design data of the eyeglass lens designed in step S22 to the processing machine control device 3. The processing machine control device 3 sends processing instructions to the eyeglass lens processing machine 4 based on the design data output from the order receiving device 2. As a result, the eyeglass lens processing machine 4 processes and manufactures an eyeglass lens based on the design data. The eyeglass lens manufactured by the eyeglass lens processing machine 4 is shipped to an eyeglass store, fitted into an eyeglass frame, and provided to the customer (the subject or the eyeglass wearer).

[0149] In the order receiving device 2, the processes of receiving order information from the ordering device 1, designing eyeglass lenses based on the received order information, and outputting eyeglass lens design data to the processing machine control device 3 are performed by the control unit 21 of the order receiving device 2 by executing a predetermined program pre-installed in the memory unit 22.

[0150] According to the eyeglass lens ordering system of this embodiment, eyeglass lenses that suit the wearer can be designed based on the sensitivity of each of the test subject's (wearer's) eyes measured by the aberration sensitivity measurement system 5.

[0151] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment and can be appropriately modified without departing from the spirit of the present invention. The configurations described in the above-described embodiments may be combined.

[0152] Each unit included in each device in the above-described embodiments may be realized by dedicated hardware, or may be realized by a memory and a microprocessor.

[0153] In addition, each part of each device may be composed of a memory and a CPU (central processing unit), and the functions of each part of each device may be realized by loading a program into memory and executing it.

[0154] In addition, a program for realizing the functions of each unit of each device may be recorded on a computer-readable recording medium, and the program recorded on the recording medium may be read into a computer system and executed to perform processing by each unit of the control unit. Note that the term "computer system" here includes hardware such as the OS and peripheral devices.

[0155] Furthermore, if a WWW system is used, the term "computer system" also includes the homepage provision environment (or display environment). Furthermore, "computer-readable recording medium" refers to portable media such as flexible disks, optical magnetic disks, ROMs, and CD-ROMs, as well as storage devices such as hard disks built into computer systems. Furthermore, "computer-readable recording medium" also includes devices that dynamically store programs for a short period of time, such as communication lines used when transmitting programs over networks like the Internet or over communication lines like telephone lines, and devices that store programs for a fixed period of time, such as volatile memory within the computer systems that serve as servers or clients in such cases. Furthermore, the above-mentioned programs may be those that implement some of the aforementioned functions, or may be those that can realize the aforementioned functions in combination with programs already stored in the computer system.

[0156] 1... ordering device, 2... order receiving device, 3... processing machine control device, 4... eyeglass lens processing machine, 5... aberration sensitivity measurement system, 10... terminal device, 110... calculation unit, 111... gaze center position calculation unit, 112... aberration sensitivity information generation unit, 113... display control unit, 120... communication unit, 121... gaze information acquisition unit, 122... head position / posture information acquisition unit, 123... image output unit, 1231... first image output unit, 1232... second image output unit

[0033] Force section, 130...storage section, 140...input section, 50...display device, 52...support section, 56...imaging lens, 500...display unit, 501...display screen, 502...angle detection section, 505...communication section, 506...gaze detection section, 510...image display control section, VS...virtual space, VS61...driving panel section, VS62...forward vision section, PG...guide object, PA1...image to which blur aberration is applied, PA2...image to which distortion aberration is applied

Claims

1. A first image output unit that outputs image information of a left-eye image capable of setting a first aberration distribution, which is an aberration distribution for the left eye, to a left-eye display unit that presents an image to the left eye of a subject; a second image output unit that outputs image information of a right-eye image capable of setting a second aberration distribution, which is an aberration distribution for the right eye, to a right-eye display unit that presents an image to the right eye of the subject; a gaze information acquisition unit that acquires gaze information in which the movement of the gaze of the subject when at least one of the left-eye image and the right-eye image is presented is detected; and an aberration sensitivity information generation unit that generates aberration sensitivity information, which is information regarding the sensitivity of the subject to aberration, based on the acquired gaze information and the aberration distribution. A terminal device comprising the above components.

2. The terminal device according to claim 1, further comprising a head position / pose information acquisition unit that acquires head position / pose information in which the movement of the head of the subject when at least one of the left-eye image and the right-eye image is presented is detected, wherein the aberration sensitivity information generation unit generates the aberration sensitivity information based on the acquired head position / pose information.

3. The terminal device according to claim 1, wherein the first aberration distribution is an aberration distribution having the central gaze position of the left eye of the subject as the origin position, the second aberration distribution is an aberration distribution having the central gaze position of the right eye of the subject as the origin position, and further comprising a central gaze position calculation unit that calculates the central gaze position based on the gaze information of the subject.

4. The terminal device according to claim 3, wherein the central gaze position calculation unit calculates the central gaze position based on the frequency distribution of the gaze indicated by the gaze information of the subject.

5. The terminal device according to claim 1, wherein the first image output unit and the second image output unit sequentially output a plurality of pieces of image information having different distribution forms of the aberration, and the aberration sensitivity information generation unit generates the aberration sensitivity information for each distribution form.

6. The terminal device according to claim 5, wherein the distribution form of the aberration includes a first distribution form in which the degree of aberration is different between the left and right eyes.

7. The terminal device according to claim 5, wherein the distribution form of the aberration includes a second distribution form in which the degree of aberration within the display range is uniform.

8. The terminal device according to claim 5, wherein the distribution form of the aberration includes a third distribution form in which the degree of aberration at the central position of the line of sight of the subject is set to be smaller than the degree of aberration at the edge of the display range.

9. A method for generating aberration sensitivity information, comprising: a computer outputting image information of a left-eye image capable of setting a first aberration distribution, which is an aberration distribution for the left eye, to a left-eye display unit that presents an image to the left eye of a subject; outputting image information of a right-eye image capable of setting a second aberration distribution, which is an aberration distribution for the right eye, to a right-eye display unit that presents an image to the right eye of the subject; obtaining line-of-sight information in which the movement of the line of sight of the subject when at least one of the left-eye image and the right-eye image is presented is detected; and generating aberration sensitivity information, which is information regarding the sensitivity of the subject to aberration, based on the obtained line-of-sight information and the aberration distribution.

10. A program for causing a computer to perform: outputting image information of a left-eye image capable of setting a first aberration distribution, which is an aberration distribution for the left eye, to a left-eye display unit that presents an image to the left eye of a subject; outputting image information of a right-eye image capable of setting a second aberration distribution, which is an aberration distribution for the right eye, to a right-eye display unit that presents an image to the right eye of the subject; obtaining line-of-sight information in which the movement of the line of sight of the subject when at least one of the left-eye image and the right-eye image is presented is detected; and generating aberration sensitivity information, which is information regarding the sensitivity of the subject to aberration, based on the obtained line-of-sight information and the aberration distribution.

Images