Ultra-high-reliable coordinated beamforming sounding in wireless communications
The proposed method for ultra-high-reliable coordinated beamforming sounding in wireless communications addresses the undefined sounding method in MAP-CBF by using coordinated frame exchanges to ensure accurate channel state information exchange, improving communication reliability.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2025/070545
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2024-01-05
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-03
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-10
AI Technical Summary
The need for a solution to perform ultra-high-reliable coordinated beamforming sounding in wireless communications, particularly in multi-access point transmission schemes like MAP-CBF, where the method to perform sounding towards STAs associated with other APs is undefined.
A method involving APs initiating sounding sequences by transmitting frames to each other and their associated STAs to solicit training signals and channel state information feedback, using frames like NDPA and BFRP to coordinate beamforming.
Enables ultra-high-reliable coordinated beamforming by ensuring accurate channel state information exchange between APs and STAs, reducing interference and enhancing communication reliability.
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Figure CN2025070545_10072025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
ULTRA-HIGH-RELIABLE COORDINATED BEAMFORMING SOUNDING IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONSCROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED PATENT APPLICATION
[0001] The present disclosure is part of a non-provisional patent application claiming the priority benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 617,807, filed 05 January 2024, the content of which herein is incorporated by reference in its entirety.TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] The present disclosure is generally related to wireless communications and, more particularly, to ultra-high-reliable (UHR) coordinated beamforming (CBF) sounding in wireless communications.BACKGROUND
[0003] Unless otherwise indicated herein, approaches described in this section are not prior art to the claims listed below and are not admitted as prior art by inclusion in this section.
[0004] In wireless communications such as Wi-Fi (or WiFi) and wireless local area networks (WLANs) under the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standards, CBF is proposed as one of several coordinated multi-access point (multi-AP or MAP) transmission schemes for the next-generation WLAN. The MAP-CBF scheme allows multiple access points (APs) to transmit signals to stations (STAs) simultaneously on the same frequency band. The scheme intends to reduce interferences at STAs from other APs. In the MAP-CBF scheme, with adequate antenna resources, each AP beamforms its transmission signal towards its targeted STA (s) and nulls transmission signal (s) towards STAs targeted by other APs. In an MAP group, an AP, as a coordinating AP, can have coordination agreements for CBF with other APs, as coordinated APs. A given AP in the MAP group may initiate a transmission opportunity (TXOP) and it may act as a sharing AP that shares the TXOP with a coordinated AP, as a shared AP, to perform CBF transmission (s) . In order to null transmission signals toward STAs targeted by the shared AP (s) , the sharing AP needs to perform a sounding sequence towards STAs of the shared AP (s) . Correspondingly, in order to null transmission signals toward STAs targeted by the sharing AP, each shared AP also needs to perform a sounding sequence towards STAs of the sharing AP. However, at the time of the present disclosure, how to perform sounding toward STAs associated with other APs has yet to be defined to support MAP-CBF. Therefore, there is a need for a solution for UHR CBF sounding in wireless communications.SUMMARY
[0005] The following summary is illustrative only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. That is, the following summary is provided to introduce concepts, highlights, benefits, and advantages of the novel and non-obvious techniques described herein. Select implementations are further described below in the detailed description. Thus, the following summary is not intended to identify essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended for use in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter.
[0006] An objective of the present disclosure is to provide schemes, concepts, designs, techniques, methods, and apparatuses pertaining to UHR CBF sounding in wireless communications. It is believed that implementation of one or more schemes proposed herein may address or otherwise alleviate the aforementioned issue (s) .
[0007] In one aspect, a method may involve a first AP initiating a sounding sequence by transmitting a first frame to a second AP and one or more candidate STAs associated with the first AP to solicit a training signal from the second AP and to request the one or more candidate STAs to feedback the channel state information. The method may additionally involve the first AP transmitting a second frame following the training signal transmitted by the second AP to poll a channel state information feedback from each of the one or more candidate STAs. The method may further involve the first AP receiving, in response to transmitting the second frame, a channel state information report based on measuring of the channel using the training signal transmitted by the second AP from at least one of the one or more candidate STAs.
[0008] In another aspect, a method may involve a second AP receiving a first frame from a first AP that initiates a sounding sequence. The method may also involve the second AP transmitting, in response to receiving the first frame, a training signal solicited by the first AP . The method may additionally involve the second AP receiving a second frame that polls a channel state information feedback from each of one or more candidate STAs. The method may further involve the second AP receiving a channel state information report based on measuring of the channel using the training signal transmitted by the second AP from at least one of the one or more candidate STAs.
[0009] It is noteworthy that, although the description provided herein may be in the context of certain radio access technologies, networks and network topologies such as Wi-Fi / WiFi, the proposed concepts, schemes and any variation (s) / derivative (s) thereof may be implemented in, for and by other types of radio access technologies, networks and network topologies such as, for example and without limitation, Bluetooth, ZigBee, 5th Generation (5G) / New Radio (NR) , Long-Term Evolution (LTE) , LTE-Advanced, LTE-Advanced Pro, Internet-of-Things (IoT) , Industrial IoT (IIoT) and narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) . Thus, the scope of the present disclosure is not limited to the examples described herein.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0010] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of the present disclosure. The drawings illustrate implementations of the disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure. It is appreciable that the drawings are not necessarily in scale as some components may be shown to be out of proportion than the size in actual implementation to clearly illustrate the concept of the present disclosure.
[0011] FIG. 1 is a diagram of an example network environment in which various solutions and schemes in accordance with the present disclosure may be implemented.
[0012] FIG. 2 is a diagram of an example scenario under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0013] FIG. 3 is a diagram of an example scenario under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0014] FIG. 4 is a diagram of an example scenario under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0015] FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an example communication system under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0016] FIG. 6 is a flowchart of an example process under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0017] FIG. 7 is a flowchart of an example process under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] Detailed embodiments and implementations of the claimed subject matters are disclosed herein. However, it shall be understood that the disclosed embodiments and implementations are merely illustrative of the claimed subject matters which may be embodied in various forms. The present disclosure may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the exemplary embodiments and implementations set forth herein. Rather, these exemplary embodiments and implementations are provided so that the description of the present disclosure is thorough and complete and will fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. In the description below, details of well-known features and techniques may be omitted to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the presented embodiments and implementations. Overview
[0019] Implementations in accordance with the present disclosure relate to various techniques, methods, schemes and / or solutions pertaining to UHR CBF sounding in wireless communications. According to the present disclosure, a number of possible solutions may be implemented separately or jointly. That is, although these possible solutions may be described below separately, two or more of these possible solutions may be implemented in one combination or another. The various solutions and schemes implement the proposed schemes between APs and non-AP STAs. Accordingly, the various solutions and schemes proposed herein may address or otherwise alleviate the issues described above.
[0020] FIG. 1 illustrates an example network environment 100 in which various solutions and schemes in accordance with the present disclosure may be implemented. FIG. 2 -FIG. 7 illustrate examples of implementation of various proposed schemes in network environment 100 in accordance with the present disclosure. The following description of various proposed schemes is provided with reference to FIG. 1 -FIG. 7.
[0021] Referring to FIG. 1, network environment 100 may include at least a first AP (AP1) , a second AP (AP2) , a first STA (STA1) and a second STA (STA2) . STA1 may be associated with the AP1, and STA2 may be associated with AP2. While there may be additional STAs and / or APs involved in network environment 100 under one or more schemes proposed herein, for simplicity only two STAs (STA1 and STA2) and two APs (AP1 and AP2) are shown in FIG. 1 with the understanding that additional STAs and / or APs may be involved. Each of AP1 and AP2 may be configured to implement various proposed schemes in accordance with the present disclosure as described below. For instance, each of AP1 and AP2 may function as the sharing AP (or, conversely, the shared AP) , depending on which AP obtains the TXOP. It is noteworthy that, while the various proposed schemes may be individually or separately described below, in actual implementations some or all of the proposed schemes may be utilized or otherwise implemented jointly. Of course, each of the proposed schemes may be utilized or otherwise implemented individually or separately.
[0022] In general, MAP-CBF requires shared AP (s) to perform nulling to the intended recipients of the sharing AP’s transmission and may also allow the sharing AP to perform nulling to the intended recipients of the shared AP (s) ’s transmission. An AP may act as a sharing AP if it obtains a TXOP and shares the TXOP with one or more coordinated APs. The AP may also act as a shared AP if another coordinated AP obtains a TXOP and shares its TXOP with the AP. Therefore, a pair of coordinated APs that have coordination agreement for CBF may perform sounding toward each other’s associated STAs.
[0023] MAP-CBF may be applied when certain conditions are met. One condition may be that the sharing AP has enough information about the intended recipients (e.g., STAs) of the shared AP’s transmission (e.g., based on updated sounding feedback information from the intended recipient (s) of shared AP, shared APs’ intended recipient identification (s) ) . Another condition may be that the sharing AP’s transmission will impose strong interference on the intended recipients (e.g., STAs) of the shared AP.
[0024] FIG. 2 illustrates an example scenario 200 under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure. Scenario 200 may pertain to a CBF sounding sequence for an AP towards STAs of another AP. Referring to FIG. 2, AP2 may initiate a separate sounding sequence for STAs associated with AP1. For instance, AP2 may initiate the sounding sequence by using a basic service set identification (BSSID) such as, for example, medium access control (MAC) address affiliated with AP1 as the Transmitter Address (TA) in the Null Data Packet Announcement (NDPA) frame and Beamforming Report Poll frame (BFRP) . AP2 may use the association identifications (AIDs) of STAs associated with AP1 in the STA / User Info field in the NDPA and BFRP frames to poll AP1’s STAs (e.g., STA1 and STA2) . STA1 and STA2 may take the NDPA and BFRP frames as transmitted from its associated AP (AP1) . Thus, the candidate STAs (e.g., STA1 and STA2) associated with AP1 may measure the channel using the NDP transmitted by AP2 and feedback the channel state information with a Beamforming Report (BFR) frame. The Receiver Address (RA) field of the BFR frame transmitted by each of STA1 and STA2 may be set to the BSSID (e.g., MAC address) affiliated with its associated AP (AP1) . The NDPA and BFRP frames transmitted by AP2 to AP1’s STAs may include legacy STAs and / or UHR STAs associated with AP1. AP2 may monitor frames transmitted by the STAs to receive and decode BFR frames from STA1 and STA2 to conclude the CBF sounding sequence.
[0025] FIG. 3 illustrates an example scenario 300 under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure. Scenario 300 may pertain to a CBF sounding sequence for an AP towards STAs of another AP. Referring to FIG. 3, AP1 may initiate a sounding sequence to poll AP2 to perform or participate in sounding on STAs of AP1. AP2 may request or confirm to AP1 to initiate or participate in a sounding sequence for STAs of AP1 by sending or responding with a frame (e.g., sounding trigger frame or initial control response frame in response to an initial control frame sent by AP1) to AP1 with a candidate STA AID list of AP1 (optional) . Accordingly, AP1 may initiate the sounding sequence by transmitting an NDPA frame to poll the candidate STAs (e.g., STA1 and STA2) associated with AP1 and to poll AP2 to participate in the sounding sequence by soliciting AP2 to transmit a training signal. AP2 may transmit a Null Data Packet (NDP) as the training signal a short interframe space (SIFS) after AP1’s NDPA to participate in the sounding sequence. AP1 may transmit a BFRP frame to poll beamforming / channel state information report based on measuring the channel using the training signal transmitted by AP2 from each of STA1 and STA2. AP2 may decode the BFRP frame from AP1 to obtain trigger-based BFR frame transmission parameters. Each of STA1 and STA2 may transmit a BFR frame, respectively, in response to receiving the BFRP frame transmitted by its associated AP (AP1) . AP1 may decode the BFR frames from STA1 and STA2. AP2 may also decode the BFR frames from STA1 and STA2.
[0026] In scenario 300, AP2 may transmit a frame (e.g., sounding request or initial control response frame) to solicit or respond to AP1’s initial control frame to request or confirm its intention to participate in a sounding sequence initiated by AP2. The frame (e.g., sounding request or initial control response frame) sent by AP2 may have the TA address set to MAC address affiliated with AP2 and the Receiver Address (RA) set to MAC address affiliated with AP1. The frame (e.g., sounding request or initial control response frame) sent by AP2 may indicate its selected candidate STAs associated with AP1.
[0027] AP1 may initiate an NDPA sounding announcement frame. For instance, AP1 may set the TA of the NDPA to the MAC address affiliated with AP1 and set the RA of the NDPA to a broadcast MAC address. The NDPA frame may include AP2’s identification (ID) in one STA / User Info field to poll AP2 to transmit a training signal (i.e. NDP physical-layer protocol data unit (PPDU) ) SIFS after the NDPA. The STA / User Info field corresponding to AP2 in the NDPA may also include transmission parameters for the transmission of NDP. The NDPA frame may also include the IDs of AP1’s associated STAs (e.g., STA1 and STA2) in corresponding STA / User Info fields to poll those STAs to measure the channel using the subsequent NDP.
[0028] AP1 may transmit a BFRP frame a SIFS after NDP to poll a beamforming / channel state information report based on measuring the channel using the NDP transmitted by AP2 from STA1 and STA2. For instance, AP1 may set the TA of the BFRP to MAC address affiliated with AP1 and set the RA of the BFRP to the broadcast MAC address. The BFRP frame may include the IDs of STA1 and STA2 in the STA / User Info fields corresponding to STA1 and STA2 respectively so as to trigger each of STA1 and STA2 to feedback a measurement (e.g., beamforming and / or channel state information (CSI) ) report.
[0029] Each of STA1 and STA2 may transmit a BFR frame, respectively, in response to the BFRP frame transmitted by its associated AP (AP1) . STA1 may set the TA of its BFR frame to its MAC address and set the RA to MAC address affiliated with AP1. Similarly, STA2 may set the TA of its BFR frame to its MAC address and the RA to MAC address affiliated with AP1. Correspondingly, AP1 may receive and decode the BFR frames from STA1 and STA2 on the resource unit (s) allocated to STA1 and STA2, respectively. Moreover, AP2 may decode the BFRP frame sent by AP1 to obtain trigger-based BFR frame transmission parameters (e.g., resource allocation for STA1 and STA2 in a trigger-based BFR PPDU) and monitor to decode the BFR frames from STA1 and STA2.
[0030] FIG. 4 illustrates an example scenario 400 under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure. Scenario 400 may pertain to a CBF sounding sequence for an AP towards STAs of another AP. Referring to FIG. 4, AP1 may transmit a UHR NDPA which carries an UHR STA Info list with each STA identified by its associated AP’s index plus STA AID. For instance, AP1 may initiate the sounding sequence by transmitting a UHR NDPA for both its associated (UHR) STAs and / or AP2’s associated (UHR) STAs. AP1 may set the TA field of the NDPA to MAC address affiliated with AP1 in the UHR NDPA sounding announcement frame and Beamforming Report Poll (BFRP) frame. The NDPA frame may indicate the sounding request / type is for coordinated (CBF) sounding. The NDPA may carry AP2’s STA Info list with each STA of AP2 identified by AP2’s ID / index plus STA AID. AP1 may transmit an NDP a SIFS after the NDPA frame. The identified candidate STAs associated with AP2 may process / measure the NDP transmitted by AP1 and, in response, report a sounding feedback in a Beamforming Report (BFR) frame with the RA field set to the BSSID (e.g., MAC address) affiliated with AP1, which may be indicated in the TA field of the BFRP frame transmitted by AP1. Then, AP1 may monitor to receive and decode the BFR frame from each of STA1 and STA2 associated with AP2.
[0031] In view of the above description of scenarios 200, 300 and 400, under the proposed schemes, both a sharing AP and a shared AP may perform coordinated (CBF) sounding to each other’s associated STAs. The shared AP may follow the same proposed schemes to sound the candidate STAs of the sharing AP. Prior to the coordinated sounding sequence, the sharing AP and shared AP may exchange the AID information of candidate STAs of each other. For instance, the sharing AP may request the shared AP to provide the AIDs of the candidate STAs that are associated with the shared AP. Likewise, the shared AP may request the sharing AP to provide the AIDs of the candidate STAs that are associated with the sharing AP. Illustrative Implementations
[0032] FIG. 5 illustrates an example system 500 having at least an example apparatus 510 and an example apparatus 520 in accordance with an implementation of the present disclosure. Each of apparatus 510 and apparatus 520 may perform various functions to implement schemes, techniques, processes, and methods described herein pertaining to UHR CBF sounding in wireless communications, including the various schemes described above with respect to various proposed designs, concepts, schemes, systems and methods described above as well as processes described below. For instance, apparatus 510 may be implemented in an AP STA (e.g., AP1) and apparatus 520 may be implemented in another AP (e.g., AP2) , or vice versa.
[0033] Each of apparatus 510 and apparatus 520 may be a part of an electronic apparatus, such as a portable or mobile apparatus, a wearable apparatus, a wireless communication apparatus or a computing apparatus. When implemented in a STA, each of apparatus 510 and apparatus 520 may be implemented in a smartphone, a smart watch, a personal digital assistant, a digital camera, or a computing equipment such as a tablet computer, a laptop computer or a notebook computer. Each of apparatus 510 and apparatus 520 may also be a part of a machine type apparatus, which may be an IoT apparatus such as an immobile or a stationary apparatus, a home apparatus, a wire communication apparatus or a computing apparatus. For instance, each of apparatus 510 and apparatus 520 may be implemented in a smart thermostat, a smart fridge, a smart door lock, a wireless speaker, or a home control center. When implemented in or as a network apparatus, apparatus 510 and / or apparatus 520 may be implemented in a network node, such as an AP in a WLAN or a mesh device.
[0034] In some implementations, each of apparatus 510 and apparatus 520 may be implemented in the form of one or more integrated-circuit (IC) chips such as, for example and without limitation, one or more single-core processors, one or more multi-core processors, one or more reduced-instruction set computing (RISC) processors, or one or more complex-instruction-set-computing (CISC) processors. In the various schemes described above, each of apparatus 510 and apparatus 520 may be implemented in or as a STA or an AP. Each of apparatus 510 and apparatus 520 may include at least some of those components shown in FIG. 5 such as a processor 512 and a processor 522, respectively, for example. Each of apparatus 510 and apparatus 520 may further include one or more other components not pertinent to the proposed scheme of the present disclosure (e.g., internal power supply, display device and / or user interface device) , and, thus, such component (s) of apparatus 510 and apparatus 520 are neither shown in FIG. 5 nor described below in the interest of simplicity and brevity.
[0035] In one aspect, each of processor 512 and processor 522 may be implemented in the form of one or more single-core processors, one or more multi-core processors, one or more RISC processors or one or more CISC processors. That is, even though a singular term “aprocessor” is used herein to refer to processor 512 and processor 522, each of processor 512 and processor 522 may include multiple processors in some implementations and a single processor in other implementations in accordance with the present disclosure. In another aspect, each of processor 512 and processor 522 may be implemented in the form of hardware (and, optionally, firmware) with electronic components including, for example and without limitation, one or more transistors, one or more diodes, one or more capacitors, one or more resistors, one or more inductors, one or more memristors and / or one or more varactors that are configured and arranged to achieve specific purposes in accordance with the present disclosure. In other words, in at least some implementations, each of processor 512 and processor 522 is a special-purpose machine specifically designed, arranged and configured to perform specific tasks including those pertaining to UHR CBF sounding in wireless communications in accordance with various implementations of the present disclosure.
[0036] In some implementations, apparatus 510 may also include a transceiver 516 coupled to processor 512. Transceiver 516 may include a transmitter capable of wirelessly transmitting and a receiver capable of wirelessly receiving data. In some implementations, apparatus 520 may also include a transceiver 526 coupled to processor 522. Transceiver 526 may include a transmitter capable of wirelessly transmitting and a receiver capable of wirelessly receiving data. It is noteworthy that, although transceiver 516 and transceiver 526 are illustrated as being external to and separate from processor 512 and processor 522, respectively, in some implementations, transceiver 516 may be an integral part of processor 512 as a system on chip (SoC) and / or transceiver 526 may be an integral part of processor 522 as a SoC.
[0037] In some implementations, apparatus 510 may further include a memory 514 coupled to processor 512 and capable of being accessed by processor 512 and storing data therein. In some implementations, apparatus 520 may further include a memory 524 coupled to processor 522 and capable of being accessed by processor 522 and storing data therein. Each of memory 514 and memory 524 may include a type of random-access memory (RAM) such as dynamic RAM (DRAM) , static RAM (SRAM) , thyristor RAM (T-RAM) and / or zero-capacitor RAM (Z-RAM) . Alternatively, or additionally, each of memory 514 and memory 524 may include a type of read-only memory (ROM) such as mask ROM, programmable ROM (PROM) , erasable programmable ROM (EPROM) and / or electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) . Alternatively, or additionally, each of memory 514 and memory 524 may include a type of non-volatile random-access memory (NVRAM) such as flash memory, solid-state memory, ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM) , magnetoresistive RAM (MRAM) and / or phase-change memory.
[0038] Each of apparatus 510 and apparatus 520 may be a communication entity capable of communicating with each other using various proposed schemes in accordance with the present disclosure. For illustrative purposes and without limitation, a description of capabilities of apparatus 510 or apparatus 520, as an AP (e.g., AP1 or AP2) , respectively, is provided below in the context of example processes 600 and 700. It is noteworthy that, although a detailed description of capabilities, functionalities and / or technical features of either of apparatus 510 and apparatus 520 is provided below, the same may be applied to the other of apparatus 510 and apparatus 520 although a detailed description thereof is not provided solely in the interest of brevity. It is also noteworthy that, although the example implementations described below are provided in the context of WLAN, the same may be implemented in other types of networks. Illustrative Processes
[0039] FIG. 6 illustrates an example process 600 in accordance with an implementation of the present disclosure. Process 600 may represent an aspect of implementing various proposed designs, concepts, schemes, systems, and methods described above. More specifically, process 600 may represent an aspect of the proposed concepts and schemes pertaining to UHR CBF sounding in wireless communications. Process 600 may include one or more operations, actions, or functions as illustrated by one or more of blocks 610, 620 and 630. Although illustrated as discrete blocks, various blocks of process 600 may be divided into additional blocks, combined into fewer blocks, or eliminated, depending on the desired implementation. Moreover, the blocks / sub-blocks of process 600 may be executed in the order shown in FIG. 6 or, alternatively, in a different order. Furthermore, one or more of the blocks / sub-blocks of process 600 may be executed repeatedly or iteratively. Process 600 may be implemented by or in apparatus 510 and apparatus 520 as well as any variations thereof. Solely for illustrative purposes and without limiting the scope, process 600 is described below in the context of apparatus 510 implemented in or as an AP STA (e.g., AP1) and apparatus 520 implemented in or as another AP STA (e.g., AP2) of a wireless network such as a WLAN in network environment 100 in accordance with one or more of IEEE 802.11 standards. Process 600 may begin at block 610.
[0040] At 610, process 600 may involve processor 512 of apparatus 510, as a first AP (AP1) , initiating, via transceiver 516, a sounding sequence by transmitting a first frame to a second AP (e.g., apparatus 520 as AP2) and one or more candidate STAs associated with the first AP to solicit a training signal from the second AP and to request the one or more candidate STAs to feedback channel state information. Process 600 may proceed from 610 to 620.
[0041] At 620, process 600 may involve processor 512 transmitting, via transceiver 516, a second frame following the training signal transmitted by the second AP to poll a channel state information feedback from each of the one or more candidate STAs. Process 600 may proceed from 620 to 630.
[0042] At 630, process 600 may involve processor 512 receiving, via transceiver 516 responsive to transmitting the second frame, a channel state information report based on measuring of a channel using the training signal transmitted by the second AP from at least one of the one or more candidate STAs.
[0043] In some implementations, in transmitting the first frame, process 600 may involve processor 512 transmitting an NDPA frame. In such cases, a TA in the NDPA frame may be set to a MAC address affiliated with the first AP, and an RA in the NDPA frame may be set to a broadcast MAC address. Moreover, a STA / User Info field of the NDPA frame may contain an ID of the second AP and may also include one or more other transmission parameters corresponding to the training signal. One or more STA / User Info fields of the NDPA may include an AID of each of the one or more candidate STAs, respectively.
[0044] In some implementations, in receiving the response frame, process 600 may involve processor 512 receiving an NDP frame from the second AP.
[0045] In some implementations, in transmitting the second frame, process 600 may involve processor 512 transmitting a BFRP frame to poll a beamforming / channel state information report from each of the one or more candidate STAs. In such cases, a TA in the BFRP frame may be set to a MAC address affiliated with the first AP, an RA in the BFRP frame may be set to a broadcast MAC address, and a User Info field of the BFRP frame may include an AID of each of the one or more candidate STAs.
[0046] In some implementations, in receiving the channel state information report, process 600 may involve processor 512 receiving a beamforming / channel state information report (BFR) , from at least a first STA of the one or more candidate STAs, to obtain an estimate of a channel state based on measuring of the training signal by the at least one first STA. In such cases, a TA in the BFR frame may be set to a MAC address affiliated with the first STA, and an RA in the BFR frame may be set to a MAC address affiliated with the first AP.
[0047] In some implementations, process 600 may involve processor 512 performing additional operations. For instance, process 600 may involve processor 512 receiving, via transceiver 516, a sounding request or sounding request confirmation from the second AP indicating participation in the sounding sequence prior to the initiating. In such cases, the initiating of the sounding sequence may involve initiating the sounding sequence responsive to receiving the sounding request or sounding request confirmation to participate in the sounding sequence in response to an initial control frame (sent by the first AP) received by the second AP.
[0048] FIG. 7 illustrates an example process 700 in accordance with an implementation of the present disclosure. Process 700 may represent an aspect of implementing various proposed designs, concepts, schemes, systems, and methods described above. More specifically, process 700 may represent an aspect of the proposed concepts and schemes pertaining to UHR CBF sounding in wireless communications. Process 700 may include one or more operations, actions, or functions as illustrated by one or more of blocks 710, 720, 730 and 740. Although illustrated as discrete blocks, various blocks of process 700 may be divided into additional blocks, combined into fewer blocks, or eliminated, depending on the desired implementation. Moreover, the blocks / sub-blocks of process 700 may be executed in the order shown in FIG. 7 or, alternatively, in a different order. Furthermore, one or more of the blocks / sub-blocks of process 700 may be executed repeatedly or iteratively. Process 700 may be implemented by or in apparatus 510 and apparatus 520 as well as any variations thereof. Solely for illustrative purposes and without limiting the scope, process 700 is described below in the context of apparatus 510 implemented in or as an AP STA (e.g., AP1) and apparatus 520 implemented in or as another AP STA (e.g., AP2) of a wireless network such as a WLAN in network environment 100 in accordance with one or more of IEEE 802.11 standards. Process 700 may begin at block 710.
[0049] At 710, process 700 may involve processor 522 of apparatus 520, as a second AP (AP2) , receiving, via transceiver 526, a first frame from a first AP (e.g., apparatus 510 as AP1) that initiates a sounding sequence to solicit a training signal from the second AP. Process 700 may proceed from 710 to 720.
[0050] At 720, process 700 may involve processor 522 transmitting, via transceiver 526 responsive to receiving the first frame, the training signal solicited by the first AP. Process 700 may proceed from 720 to 730.
[0051] At 730, process 700 may involve processor 522 receiving, via transceiver 526, a second frame that polls a channel state information feedback from each of one or more candidate STAs. Process 700 may proceed from 730 to 740.
[0052] At 740, process 700 may involve processor 522 receiving, via transceiver 526, a channel state information report based on measuring a channel using the training signal transmitted by the second AP from at least one of the one or more candidate STAs.
[0053] In some implementations, in receiving the first frame, process 700 may involve processor 522 receiving an NDPA frame. In such cases, a TA in the NDPA frame may be set to a MAC address affiliated with the first AP, and an RA in the NDPA frame may be set to a broadcast MAC address. Moreover, a STA / User Info field of the NDPA frame may include an ID of the second AP and may also include one or more transmission parameters corresponding to the training signal. One or more STA / User Info fields of the NDPA may include an AID of each of the one or more candidate STAs, respectively.
[0054] In some implementations, in transmitting the training signal, process 700 may involve processor 522 transmitting an NDP frame a short interframe space (SIFS) after receiving the first frame from the first AP.
[0055] In some implementations, in receiving the second frame, process 700 may involve processor 522 receiving a BFRP frame that polls a beamforming / channel state information report from each of the one or more candidate STAs. In such cases, a TA in the BFRP frame may be set to a MAC address affiliated with the first AP, an RA in the BFRP frame may be set to a broadcast MAC address, and a User Info field of the BFRP frame may include an AID of each of the one or more candidate STAs respectively.
[0056] In some implementations, in receiving the channel state information report, process 700 may involve processor 522 receiving a beamforming / channel state information report (BFR) , from at least a first STA of the one or more candidate STAs, to obtain an estimate of a channel state based on measuring the training signal by the first STA. In such cases, a TA in the BFR frame may be set to a MAC address affiliated with the first STA, and an RA in the BFR frame may be set to a MAC address affiliated with the first AP.
[0057] In some implementations, process 700 may involve processor 522 performing additional operations. For instance, process 700 may involve processor 522 decoding the second frame to obtain one or more trigger-based BFR frame transmission parameters to decode a received BFR frame from at least one of STA of the one or more candidate STAs.
[0058] In some implementations, process 700 may further involve processor 522 performing other operations. For instance, process 700 may involve processor 522 transmitting, via transceiver 526, a sounding request or sounding request confirmation to the first AP to request the first AP to initiate the sounding sequence or to confirm to participate the sounding sequence in response to an initial control frame transmitted by the first AP prior to receiving the first frame from the first AP. Additional Notes
[0059] The herein-described subject matter sometimes illustrates different components contained within, or connected with, different other components. It is to be understood that such depicted architectures are merely examples, and that in fact many other architectures can be implemented which achieve the same functionality. In a conceptual sense, any arrangement of components to achieve the same functionality is effectively "associated" such that the desired functionality is achieved. Hence, any two components herein combined to achieve a particular functionality can be seen as "associated with" each other such that the desired functionality is achieved, irrespective of architectures or intermedial components. Likewise, any two components so associated can also be viewed as being "operably connected" , or "operably coupled" , to each other to achieve the desired functionality, and any two components capable of being so associated can also be viewed as being "operably couplable" , to each other to achieve the desired functionality. Specific examples of operably couplable include but are not limited to physically mateable and / or physically interacting components and / or wirelessly interactable and / or wirelessly interacting components and / or logically interacting and / or logically interactable components.
[0060] Further, with respect to the use of substantially any plural and / or singular terms herein, those having skill in the art can translate from the plural to the singular and / or from the singular to the plural as is appropriate to the context and / or application. The various singular / plural permutations may be expressly set forth herein for sake of clarity.
[0061] Moreover, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that, in general, terms used herein, and especially in the appended claims, e.g., bodies of the appended claims, are generally intended as “open” terms, e.g., the term “including” should be interpreted as “including but not limited to, ” the term “having” should be interpreted as “having at least, ” the term “includes” should be interpreted as “includes but is not limited to, ” etc. It will be further understood by those within the art that if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is intended, such an intent will be explicitly recited in the claim, and in the absence of such recitation no such intent is present. For example, as an aid to understanding, the following appended claims may contain usage of the introductory phrases "at least one" and "one or more" to introduce claim recitations. However, the use of such phrases should not be construed to imply that the introduction of a claim recitation by the indefinite articles "a" or "an" limits any particular claim containing such introduced claim recitation to implementations containing only one such recitation, even when the same claim includes the introductory phrases "one or more" or "at least one" and indefinite articles such as "a" or "an, " e.g., “a” and / or “an” should be interpreted to mean “at least one” or “one or more; ” the same holds true for the use of definite articles used to introduce claim recitations. In addition, even if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is explicitly recited, those skilled in the art will recognize that such recitation should be interpreted to mean at least the recited number, e.g., the bare recitation of "two recitations, " without other modifiers, means at least two recitations, or two or more recitations. Furthermore, in those instances where a convention analogous to “at least one of A, B, and C, etc. ” is used, in general such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention, e.g., “asystem having at least one of A, B, and C” would include but not be limited to systems that have A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and / or A, B, and C together, etc. In those instances where a convention analogous to “at least one of A, B, or C, etc. ” is used, in general such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention, e.g., “asystem having at least one of A, B, or C” would include but not be limited to systems that have A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and / or A, B, and C together, etc. It will be further understood by those within the art that virtually any disjunctive word and / or phrase presenting two or more alternative terms, whether in the description, claims, or drawings, should be understood to contemplate the possibilities of including one of the terms, either of the terms, or both terms. For example, the phrase “Aor B” will be understood to include the possibilities of “A” or “B” or “Aand B. ”
[0062] From the foregoing, it will be appreciated that various implementations of the present disclosure have been described herein for purposes of illustration, and that various modifications may be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. Accordingly, the various implementations disclosed herein are not intended to be limiting, with the true scope and spirit being indicated by the following claims.
Claims
1.A method, comprising:initiating, by a processor of a first access point (AP) , a sounding sequence by transmitting a first frame to a second AP and one or more candidate stations (STAs) associated with the first AP to solicit a training signal from the second AP and to request the one or more candidate STAs to feedback channel state information; andtransmitting, by the processor, a second frame following the training signal transmitted by the second AP to poll a channel state information feedback from each of the one or more candidate STAs.2.The method of Claim 1, wherein the transmitting of the first frame comprises transmitting a null data packet announcement (NDPA) frame, wherein a transmitter address (TA) in the NDPA frame is set to a medium access control (MAC) address affiliated with the first AP, and wherein a receiver address (RA) in the NDPA frame is set to a broadcast MAC address.3.The method of Claim 1, wherein the soliciting of the training signal comprises soliciting a null data packet (NDP) frame from the second AP.4.The method of Claim 2, wherein a STA Info field of the NDPA frame contains an identification (ID) of the second AP and other parameters corresponding to the training signal.5.The method of Claim 1, wherein the transmitting of the second frame comprises transmitting a beamforming report poll (BFRP) frame to poll a beamforming or channel state information report from each of the one or more candidate STAs.6.The method of Claim 5, wherein a transmitter address (TA) in the BFRP frame is set to a medium access control (MAC) address affiliated with the first AP, wherein a receiver address (RA) in the BFRP frame is set to a broadcast MAC address, and wherein a User Info field of the BFRP frame comprises an association ID (AID) of each of the one or more candidate STAs.7.The method of Claim 1, further comprising:receiving, by the processor, a sounding request or sounding request confirmation from the second AP indicating participation in the sounding sequence prior to the initiating,wherein the initiating of the sounding sequence comprises initiating the sounding sequence responsive to receiving the sounding request or sounding request confirmation in response to an initial control frame received by the second AP from the first AP.8.The method of Claim 1, further comprising:receiving, by the processor responsive to transmitting the second frame, a channel state information report based on measuring of a channel using the training signal from at least one of the one or more candidate STAs.9.The method of Claim 8, wherein the receiving of the channel state information report comprises receiving a beamforming / channel state information report (BFR) to obtain an estimate of a channel state based on measuring the training signal from at least a first STA of the one or more candidate STAs.10.The method of Claim 9, wherein a transmitter address (TA) in the BFR frame is set to a medium access control (MAC) address affiliated with the first STA, and wherein a receiver address (RA) in the BFR frame is set to a MAC address affiliated with the first AP.11.A method, comprising:receiving, by a processor of a second access point (AP) , a first frame from a first AP that initiates a sounding sequence to solicit a training signal from the second AP;transmitting, by the processor responsive to receiving the first frame, the training signal solicited by the first AP;receiving, by the processor, a second frame that polls a channel state information feedback from each of one or more candidate STAs; andreceiving, by the processor, a channel state information report based on measuring a channel using the training signal from at least one of the one or more candidate STAs.12.The method of Claim 11, wherein the receiving of the first frame comprises receiving a null data packet announcement (NDPA) frame, wherein a transmitter address (TA) in the NDPA frame is set to a medium access control (MAC) address affiliated with the first AP, and wherein a receiver address (RA) in the NDPA frame is set to a broadcast MAC address.13.The method of Claim 12, wherein a STA Info field of the NDPA frame comprises an identification (ID) of the second AP and an association ID (AID) of each of the one or more candidate STAs.14.The method of Claim 12, wherein the transmitting of the training signal comprises transmitting a null data packet (NDP) frame a short interframe space (SIFS) after receiving the first frame from the first AP.15.The method of Claim 12, wherein the receiving of the second frame comprises receiving a beamforming report poll (BFRP) frame that polls a beamforming or channel state information report from each of the one or more candidate STAs.16.The method of Claim 15, wherein a transmitter address (TA) in the BFRP frame is set to a medium access control (MAC) address affiliated with the first AP, wherein a receiver address (RA) in the BFRP frame is set to a broadcast MAC address, and wherein a User Info field of the BFRP frame comprises an association ID (AID) of each of the one or more candidate STAs.17.The method of Claim 15, wherein the receiving of the channel state information report comprises receiving a beamforming / channel state information report (BFR) to obtain an estimate of a channel state based on measuring the training signal from at least a first STA of the one or more candidate STAs.18.The method of Claim 17, wherein a transmitter address (TA) in the BFR frame is set to a medium access control (MAC) address affiliated with the first STA, and wherein a receiver address (RA) in the BFR frame is set to a MAC address affiliated with the first AP.19.The method of Claim 11, further comprising:decoding, by the processor, the second frame to obtain one or more trigger-based beamforming report (BFR) frame transmission parameters to decode a received BFR frame from at least one STA of the one or more candidate STAs.20.The method of Claim 11, further comprising:transmitting, by the processor, a sounding request or sounding request confirmation to the first AP to request or confirm the first AP to participate in the sounding sequence initiated by the first AP prior to receiving the first frame from the first AP.
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