Facility maintenance method and system based on multi-underground facility integrated marker including NFC and RFID

Abstract

The present invention provides a facility maintenance method based on a multi-underground facility integrated marker, the method including the steps in which: underground facility data compressed and encoded by using categorical data is stored in a smart pin; a management server grants an authority to use the underground facility data to a mobile terminal of a user; and an application of the mobile terminal of the user reads the underground facility data to output AR data of the underground facility.

Description

Facility maintenance management method and system based on integrated multi-underground facility markers including NFC and RFID

[0001] The present invention relates to a method and system for facility maintenance, and more particularly, to a method for maintaining multiple underground facilities by implementing augmented reality for underground facilities using QR codes and NFC or RFID data included in a smart pin without transmitting separate data via the Internet.

[0002] Recently, various facilities such as telecommunication lines, high-voltage power lines, gas pipes, and water pipes are being buried underground for the safety of pedestrians and the preservation of the urban landscape.

[0003] These underground facilities typically include seven major types of pipes, including water and sewer lines, gas pipes, and communication lines. However, despite the vast number of pipe types, accurate data on their locations is lacking, making it difficult to pinpoint their precise locations.

[0004] Accurately identifying the location of underground facilities is very important, as excavation based on incorrect information about underground facilities can lead to major accidents such as city gas explosions, fires in electrical and communication lines, ground subsidence due to damage to sewer and water supply systems, and heat transfer pipe leaks.

[0005] However, because the management and maintenance of underground facilities are handled by different entities, numerous signs are installed on the road, damaging the landscape, and even the information on burial is inconsistent and inaccurate, so the need to unify this is continuously being raised.

[0006] To solve these problems, Korean Patent No. 10-2131513, 'Smart Safety Management System Using NFCQR' (hereinafter referred to as 'Patent Document 1'), proposes a smart safety management system using NFCQR that recognizes a QR code or NFC tag attached to a facility or production facility with a smartphone, moves to a web page linked to a web system, and allows users to check information, history, and maintenance details of the facility or production facility, and updates information in real time on site.

[0007] However, information on water, electricity, and communications is important information related to national security, and there is a problem that if all related information is integrated and transmitted and received over the Internet, it is exposed to the risk of hacking.

[0008] Additionally, the type and size of data to be implemented in augmented reality differ depending on the underground facility, and there was a problem that there was no integrated signage customized for each facility.

[0009] The present invention has been devised to solve the above problems, and its purpose is to provide a facility maintenance management system based on a multi-underground facility integrated sign including NFC and RFID that improves construction convenience and enables customized management according to the type of underground facility.

[0010] In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention discloses a facility maintenance method based on a multi-underground facility integrated sign, characterized in that it includes a step of storing underground facility data compressed and encoded using categorical data in a smart pin, a step of a management server granting a user's mobile terminal the right to use the underground facility data, and a step of an application of the user's mobile terminal reading the underground facility data and outputting AR data of the underground facility.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a facility maintenance method based on a multi-underground facility integrated sign is disclosed, wherein the underground facility data is stored in a storage module mounted on a smart pin, and the storage module is characterized by being an NFC chip or an RFID chip.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a facility maintenance method based on a multi-underground facility integrated sign is disclosed, characterized in that the smart pin includes a QR code including directional data, and the application recognizes the QR code to implement an underground facility AR map with added directionality.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a facility maintenance method based on a multi-underground facility integrated sign is disclosed, characterized in that the compression encoding is performed through a step of grouping the number of digits of data of data items of underground facilities and replacing them with a single-digit number, a step of defining a data field in which the number of digits of each data is unified, a step of deleting duplicate data using the data field and generating a compressed data field in which a fixed number of digits is specified, and a step of grouping each data of the compressed data field into a two-digit number sequentially from the first digit and replacing the two-digit number with a single-digit character while deleting the decimal point and replacing the number in the third digit after the decimal point with a single-digit character.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a facility maintenance method based on a multi-underground facility integrated sign is disclosed, characterized in that, in order to implement an AR map of an underground facility with added directionality, the method further includes a step of synthesizing the directionality data included in the QR code into the data of the compressed encoded storage module and replacing it with another character of the same number of digits as the compressed encoded data.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a facility maintenance method based on a multi-underground facility integrated sign is disclosed, characterized in that the smart pin includes an upper plate including a QR code on an upper surface, a storage module attached to a lower surface of the upper plate, and a lower plate on which the upper plate is mounted.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a facility maintenance method based on a multi-underground facility integrated sign is disclosed, characterized in that a shielding film is placed between the storage module and the lower plate.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a facility maintenance method based on a multi-underground facility integrated sign is disclosed, characterized in that the smart pin is formed so that the number of storage modules can be changed depending on the type of underground facility.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a facility maintenance method based on a multi-underground facility integrated signage device is disclosed, characterized in that it further includes a step of constructing a lower plate of the smart pin, a step of measuring a construction position and direction of the smart pin based on a measurement point display formed on the lower plate, and a step of attaching an upper plate of the smart pin to the lower plate based on the measurement.

[0019] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a facility maintenance method based on a multi-underground facility integrated sign is disclosed, characterized in that the joining direction of the upper plate is determined based on a reference direction indicator formed on the lower plate.

[0020] According to the present invention, data storage efficiency is improved by selectively applying NFC and RFID depending on the type of underground facility, and an augmented reality view of various types of underground facilities can be implemented using a single integrated marker (smart pin), thereby facilitating maintenance of the facility.

[0021] In addition, it is possible to fundamentally block the risk of hacking by enabling integrated management of underground facilities in an offline environment based on QR codes and NFC (or RFID), and it is possible to implement augmented reality in the location where the smart pin is placed without using GPS, making it possible to check the exact location of underground facilities even in situations where GPS is not available.

[0022] In addition, it is possible to utilize information from each site without separate equipment and to intuitively view 3D underground facility information through augmented reality, thereby increasing the stability of construction and shortening the construction period.

[0023] Furthermore, the present invention eliminates the need to externally transmit user terminal information and prevents the system from collecting or storing personal location information, eliminating the need for service providers to register as personal location information service providers. This eliminates legal, time-consuming, and cost-intensive issues that plague existing services.

[0024] In addition, the 3D augmented reality map is implemented using reprocessed compressed encoded data by synthesizing the data of the QR code and the GIS compressed encoded data of the NFC chip (or RFID), so that unauthorized persons can be prevented from obtaining the original GIS data.

[0025] In addition, by integrating the seven major underground facilities that were previously managed by different management agencies into one, management costs and inter-agency coordination can be simplified. In addition, by compressing information on multiple underground facilities into a single smart pin, waste of signs can be prevented and the road landscape can be improved.

[0026] Figure 1 is a conceptual diagram of a facility maintenance management system based on a multi-underground facility integrated sign according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of a method for implementing offline AR of underground facilities using a composite processing method of QR code and NFC (or RFID) data according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] FIG. 3 is a drawing illustrating the structure of a mobile terminal used in an offline AR implementation method for underground facilities according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 is an exploded view of a smart pin according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] FIG. 5 is a drawing of the upper and lower parts of a smart pin top plate according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] FIG. 6 is a drawing of a smart fin lower plate according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 7 is a drawing listing smart pins by type according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a method for implementing offline AR of underground facilities using a composite processing method of QR code and NFC (or RFID) data according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 9 is a drawing for explaining an embodiment of reprocessing GIS data stored in NFC using QR code information and implementing it as AR.

[0035] Figure 10 is a drawing showing an example of application of offline AR to underground facilities using a composite processing method of QR code and NFC (or RFID) data.

[0036] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a data area stored in a smart pin according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 12 is a drawing for explaining a method of reprocessing encoded NFC (or RFID) data by adding directionality using QR code data.

[0038] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. Throughout this specification, identical or similar components across different embodiments are assigned identical or similar reference numerals, and their descriptions are based on the initial description. As used herein, singular expressions include plural expressions, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

[0039] In this specification, identical or similar components, even in different embodiments, are assigned identical or similar reference numbers, and their descriptions are replaced with the initial description. The singular expressions used in this specification include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, the suffixes "module" and "part" used in the following description for components are assigned or used interchangeably solely for the convenience of writing the specification, and do not in themselves have distinct meanings or roles.

[0040] Figure 1 is a conceptual diagram of a facility maintenance management system based on a multi-underground facility integrated sign according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Referring to Figure 1, a facility maintenance management system based on a multi-underground facility integrated signage may include a smart pin construction process and a smart pin-based AR service process. The operation and control of this system may be performed by a management server or the control unit of the management server.

[0042] During the construction process, the system acquires construction coordinates and true north data (Step 1). After acquiring these data, the lower part of the smart pin is constructed at the appropriate location (Step 2).

[0043] Next, data processing (Step 3) of the underground facility takes place. In the data processing step, underground facility data (topology, shape, properties, etc.) is compressed and encoded to fit NFC or RFID capacity, and QR code data is assigned to the compressed and encoded data to provide directionality.

[0044] NFC or RFID, which stores compressed and encoded data, is mounted on the underside of the smart pin top plate. The smart pin top plate equipped with NFC or RFID is attached to the bottom plate constructed in Step 2.

[0045] In the SmartPIN-based AR service process, users can use their mobile devices to query underground facility data and receive 2D map-based information. Additionally, users granted AR access can use NFC or RFID data to view a 3D AR map of the underground facility corresponding to the SmartPIN location.

[0046] When a user scans a QR code with a mobile device, a compression encoding mechanism is applied to reprocess the encoded NFC or RFID data, allowing the user to view a 3D AR map with orientation applied. In the following, when only NFC is described without distinguishing between NFC and RFID, the concept should be understood to include RFID, except in cases where there are technical specificities that require a clear distinction between the two.

[0047] FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of a method for implementing offline AR of underground facilities using a composite processing method of QR code and NFC (or RFID) data according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Referring to FIG. 2, the smart pin (200) applied to the present invention includes a top plate (210).

[0049] An NFC chip storing GIS information may be embedded in the lower part of the top plate (210), and the upper part of the top plate may include a QR code (211), information about underground facilities, and information about the management entity of the underground facilities.

[0050] Traditionally, each underground facility manager maintained separate GIS data. During construction, they accessed documents or received GIS data from servers operated by the management entity. However, data management methods varied across management entities, leading to inaccurate data.

[0051] In the present invention, standardized GIS data is received from the management entity of underground facilities and stored in an NFC chip. Since the amount of data that can be stored in an NFC chip is limited and data security needs to be enhanced, the data stored in the NFC chip in the present invention is compressed and encoded. This is described in detail below with reference to Figure 12.

[0052] The user can recognize the QR code (211) of the smart pin (200) using a mobile terminal (100) and receive information on underground facilities stored in the NFC chip, thereby implementing the underground facilities around the smart pin (200) in AR.

[0053] FIG. 3 is a drawing illustrating the structure of a mobile terminal used in an offline AR implementation method for underground facilities according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] The above mobile terminal (100) may include a wireless communication unit (110), an input unit (120), a detection unit (140), an output unit (150), an interface unit (160), a memory (170), a control unit (180), and a power supply unit (190).

[0055] The illustrated components are not essential for implementing a mobile terminal, and thus the mobile terminal described herein may have more or fewer components than those listed above.

[0056] More specifically, among the above components, the wireless communication unit (110) may include one or more modules that enable wireless communication between a mobile terminal (100) and a server (10), between a mobile terminal (100) and a wireless communication system, and between a mobile terminal (100) and another mobile terminal (100). In addition, the wireless communication unit (110) may include one or more modules that connect the mobile terminal (100) to one or more networks.

[0057] This wireless communication unit (110) may include at least one of a broadcast reception module (111), a mobile communication module (112), a wireless Internet module (113), a short-range communication module (114), and a location information module (115).

[0058] The input unit (120) may include a camera (121) or a video input unit for inputting a video signal, a microphone (122) or an audio input unit for inputting an audio signal, and a user input unit (123, for example, a touch key, a mechanical key, etc.) for receiving information from a user.

[0059] The sensing unit (140) may include one or more sensors for sensing at least one of information within the mobile terminal, information about the surrounding environment surrounding the mobile terminal, and user information. For example, the sensing unit (140) may include at least one of a proximity sensor (141), an illumination sensor (142), a touch sensor, an acceleration sensor, a magnetic sensor, a gravity sensor (G-sensor), a gyroscope sensor, a motion sensor, an RGB sensor, an infrared sensor (IR sensor), a fingerprint recognition sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, an optical sensor (e.g., a camera (see 121)), a microphone (see 122), a battery gauge, an environmental sensor (e.g., a barometer, a hygrometer, a thermometer, a radiation detection sensor, a heat detection sensor, a gas detection sensor, etc.), and a chemical sensor (e.g., an electronic nose, a healthcare sensor, a biometric recognition sensor, etc.). Meanwhile, the mobile terminal disclosed in this specification can utilize information sensed by at least two of these sensors in combination.

[0060] The output unit (150) is for generating output related to visual, auditory, or tactile sensations, and may include at least one of a display unit (151), an audio output unit (152), a haptic module (153), and an optical output unit (154). The display unit (151) may be formed as a layer structure with a touch sensor or formed as an integral part, thereby implementing a touch screen. This touch screen may function as a user input unit (123) that provides an input interface between the mobile terminal (100) and the user, and at the same time, may provide an output interface between the mobile terminal (100) and the user.

[0061] The interface unit (160) serves as a passageway for various types of external devices connected to the mobile terminal (100). This interface unit (160) may include at least one of a wired / wireless headset port, an external charger port, a wired / wireless data port, a memory card port, a port for connecting a device equipped with an identification module, an audio I / O (Input / Output) port, a video I / O (Input / Output) port, and an earphone port. In the mobile terminal (100), appropriate control related to the connected external device can be performed in response to the external device being connected to the interface unit (160).

[0062] In addition, the memory (170) stores data that supports various functions of the mobile terminal (100). The memory (170) can store a plurality of application programs (or applications) running on the mobile terminal (100), data for the operation of the mobile terminal (100), and commands. At least some of these application programs can be downloaded from an external server (management server) via wireless communication. Meanwhile, the application programs can be stored in the memory (170), installed on the mobile terminal (100), and driven by the control unit (180) to perform operations (or functions) of the mobile terminal.

[0063] In addition to the operations related to the above-mentioned application program, the control unit (180) typically controls the overall operation of the mobile terminal (100). The control unit (180) can provide or process appropriate information or functions to the user by processing signals, data, information, etc. input or output through the components discussed above or by operating an application program stored in the memory (170).

[0064] In addition, the control unit (180) can control at least some of the components discussed above to drive an application program stored in the memory (170). Furthermore, the control unit (180) can operate at least two or more of the components included in the mobile terminal (100) in combination to drive the application program.

[0065] The power supply unit (190) receives external power and internal power under the control of the control unit (180) and supplies power to each component included in the mobile terminal (100). The power supply unit (190) includes a battery, and the battery may be a built-in battery or a replaceable battery.

[0066] FIG. 4 is an exploded view of a smart pin (200) according to one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a drawing of the upper and lower parts of the upper plate (210) of a smart pin (200) according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a drawing of the lower plate (240) of a smart pin (200) according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0067] Referring to FIG. 4, the smart pin (200) may include an upper plate (210), a storage module (220), a shielding film (230), a lower plate (240), etc.

[0068] The upper part of the top plate (210) may include a QR code including directional data, information about underground facilities, and information about the management entity of the underground facilities, as shown in FIG. 5.

[0069] A groove into which a storage module (220) is inserted may be formed at the bottom of the top plate (210). The storage module (220) includes NFC or RFID. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the top plate (210) may be formed in the form of two overlapping plastic specimens.

[0070] After the storage module (220) is inserted into the lower portion of the upper plate (210), a shielding film (230) is placed between the upper plate (210) and the lower plate (240). The shielding film (230) eliminates eddy currents generated in the copper alloy lower plate (240) in contact with the NFC antenna.

[0071] The lower plate (240) of the smart pin (200) may include a mounting portion (241), a measuring point display portion (243), a reference direction display portion (242), etc. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the lower plate (240) is made of a copper alloy material.

[0072] The fixing portion (241) has a groove shape into which a disc-shaped top plate (210) can be inserted and fixed.

[0073] The survey point indicator (243) is formed at the center of the lower plate (240) and serves as a reference point when measuring the construction location. After attaching the lower plate (240) to the boundary stone, location information must be collected using high-precision GPS for the location where the smart pin (200) is to be constructed. The survey point indicator (243) is formed at the exact center of the smart pin (200) so that GPS data can always be collected at the same location during surveying.

[0074] The reference direction indicator (242) can guide the mounting direction when mounting the upper plate (210) on the lower plate (240). According to one embodiment of the present invention, directionality is provided using a QR code included in the upper plate (210). However, if the direction of the QR code is completely different, errors may occur during code recognition and data reprocessing, so the construction reference direction is provided.

[0075] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the top plate (210) can be coupled with the reference direction indicator (242) by magnetic force. In other words, when the top plate (210) is mounted on the mounting portion (241), it can be formed to rotate in a specific direction by magnetic force and be coupled. To this end, the reference direction indicator (242) may have N and S poles formed in a certain pattern, and the top plate (210) may also be provided with polarity corresponding to the pattern.

[0076] Figure 7 is a drawing listing smart pins (200) by type according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0077] Referring to FIG. 7, the smart pin (200) can be divided into a 4-hole type (a) equipped with 4 storage modules (220), a 3-hole type (b) equipped with 3 storage modules (220), a 2-hole type (c) equipped with 2 storage modules (220), and a 1-hole type (d) equipped with 1 storage module (220).

[0078] The storage module (220) can be equipped with RFID to store larger amounts of data than NFC.

[0079] NFC enables data communication with terminals in the 13.56MHz band.

[0080] RFID uses three main frequency bands: Ultra High Frequency (UHF)

[0081] Among the high frequency (HF), high frequency (HF), and low frequency (LF), HF uses 13.56 MHz, the same frequency as NFC. High frequency RFID can be recognized in the same way as NFC in smartphone NFC recognition modules.

[0082] RFID can store data with MIFARE Class 4K, with an actual capacity of 3356 bytes, which is four times more data than existing NFC.

[0083] As the structure of underground facilities becomes more complex, the size of data increases, necessitating the application of high-capacity RFID. Various types of top plates (210) are available to enable the use of smart pins (200) suited to the user's environment.

[0084] Since the optimal smart pin (200) type can be determined based on the data size of the underground facility, cost waste due to excessive specifications can be reduced.

[0085] FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a method for implementing offline AR of underground facilities using a composite processing method of QR code and NFC (or RFID) data according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0086] The QR code (211) may include data for calculating azimuth or depth of underground facilities when implementing AR. When a user runs the application using a mobile terminal, the user's location and data recognized from the QR code are calculated to extract the azimuth, which is then used to reassemble GIS data to implement the underground facility as AR in a three-dimensional space.

[0087] The present invention can implement AR in two ways. The two methods can be applied separately or simultaneously, as needed.

[0088] The first method is to collect the user's location information by connecting a high-precision GPS device.

[0089] Analyze user orientation after removing outliers from GPS data (using statistics and machine learning).

[0090] This is a method of expressing facilities using AR.

[0091] The second method uses QR codes to locate areas where high-precision GPS equipment is not available.

[0092] This method can implement AR in (shaded areas, indoors). According to one embodiment of the present invention, a user's direction can be more accurately analyzed by using one QR code outdoors and two or more QR codes indoors.

[0093] The process of calculating azimuth using QR code data according to one embodiment of the present invention can be performed in the following manner.

[0094] First, the method of calculating the azimuth by recognizing a single QR code data uses the characteristic of the QR code being composed of square dots at the upper left, lower left, and upper right of the QR code to determine the reference direction.

[0095] In order to confirm the reference direction using three points, a smart pin (200) can be installed so that the three points of the QR code face a specific direction, or data on directionality can be inserted into the QR code.

[0096] When a user implements AR through an application, the application sets the direction of the user's mobile device's camera to north in the program. All AR programs are initially launched in the same manner.

[0097] The application can use data received via a QR code to determine true north or calculate the direction and angle of the ground's tilt. Using QR code data, the application can calculate the angle between true north and the direction designated as north in AR, which can then be used as the orientation angle for placing facility models in AR.

[0098] Referring to FIG. 8, the offline AR implementation method of underground facilities may include a step (S100) of recognizing a QR code of a smart pin with a mobile terminal, a step (S200) of receiving authorization for use of NFC data through a management server, a step (S300) of an application reading encoded GIS data stored in the NFC of the smart pin, a step (S400) of the application reprocessing data read from the NFC using data stored in the QR code of the smart pin, and a step (S500) of the application implementing GIS data with added directionality into AR.

[0099] In the step (S100) of recognizing the QR code of the smart pin with a mobile terminal, the user can obtain location and direction information for implementing AR by recognizing the QR code displayed on the smart pin using the mobile terminal.

[0100] In the step (S200) of authorizing the use of NFC data through the management server, the administrator can allow the encoded NFC data to be used in a user application.

[0101] While the management server and user mobile devices can be connected via the Internet, the data exchanged between them pertains to accessing specific Smart PIN data. In other words, GIS data for underground facilities is not transmitted over the Internet, but rather received offline via NFC. This eliminates the risk of hacking that could occur during the transmission of underground facility information over the Internet.

[0102] Although the drawing illustrates step S200 as being performed after step S100, step S200 may also be performed before step S100. For example, if an administrator pre-authorizes a specific mobile terminal user to use a specific smart PIN, the user can use the NFC data after scanning the QR code of the smart PIN.

[0103] In the step (S300) where the application reads encoded GIS data stored in the NFC of the smart pin, the data stored in the NFC chip is read.

[0104] Implementing underground facilities in AR requires a significant amount of storage. For example, a straight 6-meter water pipe would require four pipes, each containing five point data points. This would require storing approximately 300 bytes of data on the NFC chip. Since the current maximum storage capacity for NFC is approximately 888 bytes, storing all data for seven underground facilities on a single NFC chip is impossible.

[0105] To solve this problem, data compression technology must be used. However, since NFC stores data in text format rather than as a program file, it is difficult to apply conventional compression technologies such as 'repeat length encoding' and 'Huffman encoding'.

[0106] Specifically, repetition length coding (RLC) compresses data by using the number of repetitions of specific characters (excluding numbers). However, because underground facility data consists solely of numbers, RLC cannot be applied to compress such data.

[0107] Huffman coding compresses frequently occurring characters into shorter binary codes, while less frequent characters are compressed into longer binary codes. However, Huffman coding is difficult to apply to data on underground facilities, as it's impossible to identify frequently occurring characters.

[0108] Accordingly, in one embodiment of the present invention, a method for compressing underground facility data different from the conventional method is applied, and facility data such as valves and manholes, materials of underground facilities, and construction site information are included in the smart pin ID, and it is made in a format that can express not only domestic data but also overseas data.

[0109] Embodiments of the present invention include material properties of underground facilities, enabling high-quality 3D models to be visualized in AR. Furthermore, valves and manholes are also included, enabling the visualization of various types of underground facilities.

[0110] Data for implementing underground facilities in AR can be conveniently categorized into ‘smart pin information,’ ‘pipe information,’ and ‘facility information.’

[0111] Table 1 is a table showing 'smart pin information' according to one embodiment of the present invention, Table 2 is a table showing 'pipe information', and Table 3 is a table showing 'facility information'.

[0112] Because smart pins must be installed at 20-meter intervals on construction sites, all underground facility information within a 20-meter area must be stored in a data storage module. However, storing the actual data would result in an extremely large volume, making it impossible to load large amounts.

[0113] Therefore, the present invention analyzes data characteristics and converts them into optimal data for storage to maximize data storage. Specifically, in one embodiment of the present invention, data items that can be expressed as categorical data are each created with a mapping table, and the values ​​are converted to integers to compress and encode the entire data before being stored in a data storage module.

[0114] Tables 1 to 3 below show the items that are treated as categorical data.

[0115] Data Item DescriptionCategory DataMVCompany IdentifierOIDSmart Pin ID (8 digits)4-digit site code (newly added) + 4-digit Smart Pin No.Xx(X)Smart Pin construction location x (rectangular coordinate system)Xy(Y)Smart Pin construction location y (rectangular coordinate system)XELSmart Pin construction ELXEPSGCoordinate system codeX

[0116] Data item description Category data number Management number Xx (X) Pipeline location x (relative coordinate system based on smart pin) Xy (Y) Pipeline location y (relative coordinate system based on smart pin) Xdepth (DEPTH) Facility burial depth (depth to the center of the pipe in case of a pipe) Xelevation (EL) Elevation above sea level or height based on sea level Xdiameter Pipe diameter ○width Pipe width ○height Pipe height ○type Underground facility type (7 types of buried pipes, type of obstacle) ○material Pipe material ○

[0117] Data item description Category data number Management number Xx (X) Facility location x (relative coordinate system based on smart pin) Xy (Y) Facility location y (relative coordinate system based on smart pin) X Ground elevation (depth) Facility ground elevation X elevation (EL) Elevation above sea level or height based on sea level X azimuth Facility rotation angle X diameter Pipe diameter ○ width Facility width ○ height Facility height ○ type Underground facility type (7 types of buried pipes, types of obstacles) ○ material Facility material ○

[0118] Underground facility data values ​​are analyzed to classify data that can be expressed as specific values. Specifically, this can be expressed as categorical data without order. Pipes and valves are manufactured in factories as materials (products) with set specifications, so product specifications can be expressed as categorical data. Manholes are also constructed according to specifications set by each underground facility management entity, and manhole manufacturers also produce and sell manholes according to these set specifications, so categorical data can be expressed. In the case of materials, categorical data can also be expressed based on the type of product produced.

[0119] Since underground facilities are produced and constructed according to set standards, they can be expressed as categorical data, and by creating a mapping table that replaces this with integer values, the overall data length can be reduced compared to the existing method.

[0120] According to one embodiment of the present invention, categorical data can be selected, data that can be expressed in an underground facility drawing can be organized, categorical data can be configured, and a JSON file format in the form of a key-value can be created.

[0121] For example, the seven types of underground facilities and pipelines can be identified by using a four-digit format key, and the value can be used by matching the name. The first four digits of the key designate the type of the seven underground facilities, and the last three digits designate the detailed type value (see Table 4).

[0122] Type Key (1st value) Key (2nd to 4th values) Value range Detailed type Constant 1 XXX 1000~1499 Pipe 1500~1999 Facility Sewage 2 XXX 2000~2499 Pipe 2500~2999 Facility Gas 3 XXX 3000~3499 Pipe 3500~3999 Facility Telecommunication 4 XXX 4000~4499 Pipe 4500~4999 Facility Electricity 5 XXX 5000~5499 Pipe 5500~5999 Facility Oil transmission 6 XXX 6000~6499 Pipe 6500~6999 Facility Heating 7 XXX 7000~7499 Pipe 7500~7999 Facility

[0123] There are two types of pipe shapes: circular and rectangular. The data items for expressing the shapes are diameter, width, and height. If there is a diameter value in the pipe data, there is no width × height value. Conversely, if there is a width × height value, there is no diameter value, so the length of the data can be reduced by processing it as categorical data.

[0124] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the type of material of an underground facility corresponds to the "material" data item, and the "material" value has two values, one in Korean and one in English. When representing actual underground facilities and pipelines in 3D visualization, the material can be processed and used as categorical data to represent them in the same shape as the actual material.

[0125] By analyzing underground facility data in this way and expressing it as categorical data, the length of underground facility data can be reduced, allowing more data to be stored in the underground facility data storage module.

[0126]

[0127] According to one embodiment of the present invention, fields are configured to include a smart pin ID, field code information, smart pin hardware identifier, smart pin installation altitude, and coordinate system code. Accordingly, the total data field length in plain text is 51 digits (see Table 5 below), and after compression and encoding, it becomes 27 digits (see Table 6 below).

[0128] Data ItemMVIDXYELEPSGData Field48131376

[0129] Data ItemMVIDXYELEPSGData Field247743

[0130] Below, we will examine the data field values ​​of pipeline and facility information in detail.

[0131] According to one embodiment of the present invention, plain text channel information is composed of nine data items consisting of phase, shape, and attribute data for AR visualization, as shown in Table 7 below.

[0132] Data ItemData FieldDescriptionnumber2Management Numberx(X)5Pipeline Location x(Rectangular Coordinate System)y(Y)5Pipeline Location y(Rectangular Coordinate System)depth(DEPTH)4Facility Burial Depth(Depth to the center of the pipe in case of a pipe)elevation(EL)5Elevation above sea level or height based on sea leveldiameter4Pipe Diameterwidth5Pipe Widthheight5Pipe Heighttype1Type of underground facility (7 types of buried pipes, types of obstacles)

[0133] The x, y values ​​of the phase data of pipelines and facilities have 9 digits in the existing digits, but by changing all phase data to relative coordinates based on the center value of the x, y data of the smart pin, the length of the phase data can be reduced to 5 digits. According to Table 7, the total field length in the case of plain text is 36 digits, but if this is compressed and encoded, it can be transformed into 18 digits for a rectangular pipeline and 21 digits for a circular pipeline (see Table 8 below).

[0134] Data ItemData Field DescriptionCircular PipeSquare PipeNumber11Management Numberx(X)33Pipeline Location x(Relative coordinate system based on Smart Pin)y(Y)33Pipeline Location y(Relative coordinate system based on Smart Pin)depth(DEPTH)22Facility Embedding Depth(Depth to the center of the pipe in case of a pipe)elevation(EL)33Height above sea level or sea leveldiameter12Pipe Diameterwidth23Pipe Widthheight23Pipe Heighttype11Type of underground facility(7 types of buried pipes, types of obstacles)

[0135] According to another embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to visualize pipelines and manholes more precisely by adding facility data and pipeline material information to the data items of Table 7 above.

[0136] In this embodiment, the diameter, width, and height items are combined into a single categorical data field. Accordingly, the total number of plaintext pipeline data fields becomes 40 digits (see Table 9), and the plaintext facility data field becomes 43 digits (see Table 10).

[0137] By compressing and encoding this, the pipeline data can be reduced to 22 digits (see Table 11 below) and the facility data can be reduced to 24 digits (see Table 12).

[0138] Data ItemData Field Descriptionnumber2Management Numberx(X)7Pipeline Location x (relative coordinate system based on Smart Pin)y(Y)7Pipeline Location y (relative coordinate system based on Smart Pin)depth(DEPTH)5Facility Burial Depth (depth to the center of the pipe in case of a pipe)elevation(EL)7Height above sea level or sea leveldiameter4Pipe DiameterwidthPipe WidthheightPipe Heighttype4Type of Underground Facility (7 types of buried pipes, types of obstacles)material4Pipe Material

[0139] Data itemData fieldDescriptionnumber2Management numberx(X)7Facility location x(Smart Pin reference coordinate system)y(Y)7Facility location y(Smart Pin reference coordinate system)Ground height(depth)5Facility surface elevationelevation(EL)7Height above sea level or sea levelazimuth3Facility rotation anglediameter4Pipe diameterwidthFacility widthheightFacility heighttype4Underground facility type(7 types of buried pipes, types of obstacles)material4Facility material

[0140] Data Item Data Field Description Number 1 Management Number x (X) 4 Pipeline Location x (relative coordinate system based on Smart Pin) y (Y) 4 Pipeline Location y (relative coordinate system based on Smart Pin) Depth (DEPTH) 3 Facility Burial Depth (depth to the center of the pipe in case of a pipe) Elevation (EL) 4 Elevation above sea level or height based on sea level Diameter 2 Pipe Diameter Width Pipe Width Height Pipe Height Type 2 Underground Facility Type (7 types of buried pipes, types of obstacles) Material 2 Pipe Material

[0141] Data Item Data Field Description Number 1 Management Number x (X) Pipeline Location x (relative coordinate system based on Smart Pin) y (Y) Pipeline Location y (relative coordinate system based on Smart Pin) Depth (DEPTH) Facility Embedding Depth (depth to the center of the pipe in case of a pipe) Elevation (EL) 4 Elevation above sea level or height based on sea level azimuth 2 Facility Rotation Angle Diameter 2 Pipe Diameter Width Pipe Width Height Pipe Height Type 2 Underground Facility Type (7 types of buried pipes, types of obstacles) Material 2 Pipe Material

[0142] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a data processing algorithm is applied to the data items described above to substitute encoding (or compression encoding) original characters into other characters.

[0143] According to the data processing algorithm, the digits of the facility data numbers are first grouped and replaced with single characters (see Table 13).

[0144] Management numberorderXYDEPTHELdiameterwidthheighttyperandomomitted99454551

[0145]

[0146] To compress the data, we first define data fields that can unify the number of digits for each data item (see Table 14). Data fields for each data item are described in detail above.

[0147] TP_MING_NOoreder

[0148] Reduce the length of data by deleting duplicate data using data fields, and specify a fixed number of digits by removing primary data duplicate values ​​(see Table 15).

[0149] TP_MING_NOXYDEPTHELXYDEPTHELdiameterwidthheighttype01512866.897196693.6091.50512871.465196692.0091.50200001

[0150]

[0151] After that, the data is compressed according to each data type, and the data is sequentially grouped into two-digit numbers starting from the first digit of the number, and the two-digit numbers are replaced with a single character to proceed with compression. For example, referring to Fig. 12, it can be confirmed that the x-coordinate value of the facility (512866.897) has been compressed and encoded and converted to (AR%$1).

[0152] At this time, the two-digit number replaces a total of 100 data from 00 to 99 with characters, and the 100 replaced values ​​do not overlap with each other. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the replaced values ​​can be defined by constructing a mapping table using extended ASCII code values.

[0153] According to the data processing mechanism described above, it is possible to reduce the number of digits in underground facility data, as shown in Table 16 below. Applying this compression method results in a maximum 72% reduction in overall data size (see Table 17). Consequently, information on underground facilities can be stored in 888 bytes of NFC or 3,356 bytes of RFID.

[0154] Data type: Number of digits in plain text data, Number of digits in compressed data, Smart Pin 5127, Pipe 3821, Facility 4123

[0155] Plaintext Enhanced Method Data Length 2150544 Data Capacity (bytes) 2160611

[0156] Figure 9 is a drawing for explaining an embodiment of reprocessing GIS data stored in NFC using QR code information and implementing it as AR.

[0157] Figure 9 (a) shows a case where GIS data stored in NFC without QR code information is implemented as AR, Figure 9 (b) is a drawing showing a case where GIS data stored in NFC (or RFID) is reprocessed using QR code information and implemented as AR, and Figure 10 is a drawing showing an application example of offline AR for underground facilities using a composite processing method of QR code and NFC data.

[0158] Referring to Figure 9 (a), the application implements AR with the user's mobile device's camera facing north set in the program. Therefore, in environments where high-precision GPS is unavailable, accurately setting the direction of underground structures implemented in AR is difficult. Proceeding with construction without knowing the exact location and direction of underground structures poses a serious risk of accidents.

[0159] Referring to Figure 9 (b), the orientation of an underground facility can be determined by reconstructing AR data using QR code data. The QR code contains data for calculating azimuth and depth of the underground facility when implementing AR.

[0160] When a user runs the application using a mobile terminal, the user's location and data recognized from the QR code are calculated to extract the azimuth, and this is used to reorganize GIS data to implement underground facilities in AR in a 3D space.

[0161] Referring to Figure 10, you can see the AR screen of underground facilities implemented in this manner. Because AR of underground facilities can be accurately implemented even without using ultra-precision GPS, the precise layout of underground facilities can be confirmed even in areas where GPS is unavailable. Even in areas where GPS is available, it saves GPS power and enables more accurate AR.

[0162] The process of converting compressed encoded data of underground facilities may include a step of extracting underground facility drawing data, a step of changing coordinates, a step of arranging data based on a data area using plain text data, and a step of compressing and encoding plain text underground facility data.

[0163] During the underground facility drawing data extraction step, the system generates an underground facility data file (in CSV format) that can be placed on a single smart pin. During the coordinate conversion step, the system converts the original topological information (rectangular coordinates) based on the smart pin construction location into relative coordinates. Furthermore, the system uses a compression encoding module to arrange data based on the data zone and then converts the compressed encoded data into text format. The compression encoding mechanism is described in detail below with reference to Figure 12.

[0164] Pipeline and facility data consisting of phase information, shape information, and attribute information has records of point information of the pipe, and shape information and attribute information of records having the same management number are formed identically.

[0165] Each facility point data is point information of a polyline on the drawing, and the point information is combined and processed into facility information.

[0166] For pipes, two points form one pipe, and for facilities such as manholes, one point is processed as one facility data.

[0167] When the points of underground facility data are compressed and encoded and stored in a data storage module, the same information is stored redundantly, resulting in a waste of capacity. Therefore, in the present invention, a data area that can be used identically is designated and stored in a data module even if duplicate data is entered only once.

[0168] The data area is divided into SmartPIN information, pipeline information, and facility information. The data information area is separated by spaces, and information within the pipeline and facility information areas is separated by the "@" delimiter.

[0169] The pipeline information area is divided into a duplicate data (shape, attribute) information area and a pipeline shape information area, and data is arranged in order of management number. In the facility information area where there is no duplicate data, data is arranged in order of management number (see Figure 11).

[0170] Figure 12 is a drawing for explaining a method of reprocessing encoded NFC (or RFID) data by adding directionality using QR code data.

[0171] Figure 12 illustrates the x-coordinate value among data items as an example. Other data items can be processed in the same manner.

[0172] Facility managers each maintain information about the underground facilities they manage. This information is stored in the form of GIS data (310). In the present invention, the GIS data (310) held by the manager is converted into compressed encoded data (320) and stored in a smart pin.

[0173] The method of generating compressed data is as shown in the figure, in which the first digit of the number is sequentially grouped into two-digit numbers and the two-digit numbers are replaced with one-digit characters to proceed with compression.

[0174] Specifically, the x-coordinate of the GIS data is 512866.897, where the first two digits 51 are replaced with A, the next two digits 28 with R, and the next two digits 66 with %. The replacement can be done using a mapping table using extended ASCII code values.

[0175] Among the three digits after the decimal point, the first two digits 8 and 9 are replaced with $, and the next digit 7 is replaced with 1.

[0176] Excluding the '.' that separates the decimal point, the compression results in a total of 5 digits, resulting in a compression ratio of approximately 55%.

[0177] As shown in Fig. 12, for each data of the compressed data field, the two-digit numbers are sequentially grouped from the first digit, and then the two-digit numbers are replaced with a single-digit character, but the decimal point is deleted and the number in the third digit after the decimal point is replaced with a single-digit character.

[0178] It allows the presence of a decimal point and the presence of authority to be determined using the last digit during decoding / decompression, and it allows all data to be stored to implement a 3D AR map of underground facilities in the limited capacity of NFC.

[0179] When a user implements AR through an application, the compressed encoding data (320) stored in the smart pin is transmitted to a mobile terminal via NFC, and at this time, QR data is synthesized to generate reprocessed compressed encoding data (330).

[0180] The reprocessed compressed encoded data (330) includes information about the location and directionality contained in the QR code. The application implements and displays AR using the reprocessed compressed encoded data (330) including the directionality information.

[0181] According to this embodiment, it becomes virtually impossible for unauthorized persons to access the data, as different data is stored for each display pin (smart pin) without transmitting the data online.

[0182] In order for an unauthorized person to decode and decompress compressed encoded data stored in a smart pin, he or she must find a trend in the data. However, according to the present invention, since each smart pin processes data offline, there is no way for an unauthorized person to find a decoding / decompression mechanism unless he or she visits all smart pins and collects information.

[0183] Furthermore, the 3D AR map is implemented using reprocessed compressed encoded data synthesized from QR code data and NFC chip GIS compressed encoded data. In other words, the AR map is not implemented solely with GIS compressed encoded data, but rather uses dual compressed / encoded data synthesized with QR code data, making it more difficult for unauthorized parties to obtain the original GIS data.

[0184] According to at least one embodiment of the present invention described above, data storage efficiency is improved by selectively applying NFC and RFID according to the type of underground facility, and an augmented reality view of various types of underground facilities can be implemented using a single integrated marker (smart pin), thereby facilitating maintenance of the facility, and the risk of hacking can be fundamentally blocked by enabling integrated management of underground facilities in an offline environment based on QR codes and NFC (or RFID), and augmented reality can be implemented at the location where the smart pin is placed without using GPS, thereby enabling confirmation of the exact placement of underground facilities even in situations where GPS cannot be used, and information on each site can be utilized without separate equipment, and 3D underground facility information can be intuitively viewed through augmented reality, thereby increasing the stability of construction and shortening the construction period, and since there is no need to transmit information of the user terminal to the outside and the system does not collect or store personal location information, the service provider does not need to register as a personal location information business operator, thereby solving legal issues and time / cost issues that are problematic in operating existing services, and the 3D augmented reality map is a QR code. Since it is implemented using reprocessed compressed encoded data by synthesizing the GIS compressed encoded data of data and NFC chips (or RFID), it is possible to prevent unauthorized persons from obtaining the original GIS data, and it is possible to integrate and manage the seven major underground facilities that were managed by different management agencies into one, which makes management costs and inter-agency coordination easier, and by compressing information on multiple underground facilities into one smart pin, it is possible to prevent the waste of signs and improve the road landscape, etc., so it is expected to have improved effects compared to the existing technology.

[0185] The facility maintenance management system based on the integrated marker for multiple underground facilities including NFC and RFID described above is not limited to the configuration and method of the embodiments described above, and the embodiments may be configured by selectively combining all or part of each embodiment so that various modifications can be made.

Claims

1. A step in which compressed encoded underground facility data is stored using categorical data in a smart pin; A step in which the management server grants the user's mobile terminal the right to use the underground facility data; and A facility maintenance method based on a multi-underground facility integrated sign, characterized in that it includes a step of an application of a user's mobile terminal reading the underground facility data and outputting AR data of the underground facility.

2. In paragraph 1, The above underground facility data is stored in the storage module mounted on the smart pin. A facility maintenance method based on a multi-underground facility integrated signage, characterized in that the above storage module is an NFC chip or an RFID chip.

3. In paragraph 2, The above smart pin includes a QR code containing directional data, The above application is a facility maintenance management method based on a multi-underground facility integrated sign, characterized in that it recognizes the QR code and implements an underground facility AR map with added directionality.

4. In paragraph 3, The above compression encoding is, A step of grouping the digits of data items of underground facilities and replacing them with a single-digit number; A step for defining data fields with a unified number of digits for each data; A step of deleting duplicate data using the above data field and generating a compressed data field having a fixed number of digits; and A facility maintenance method based on a multi-underground facility integrated signage, characterized in that the method comprises the steps of grouping each data of the compressed data field into two-digit numbers sequentially from the first digit, replacing the two-digit numbers with a single-digit character, deleting the decimal point, and replacing the third digit after the decimal point with a single-digit character.

5. In paragraph 4, A facility maintenance method based on a multi-underground facility integrated signage, characterized in that it further includes a step of synthesizing the directional data included in the QR code into the data of the compressed encoded storage module and replacing it with another character having the same number of digits as the compressed encoded data, for implementing an underground facility AR map with added directionality.

6. In paragraph 2, The above smart pin is, A top plate containing a QR code on the top surface; A storage module attached to the lower surface of the above top plate; and A facility maintenance method based on a multi-underground facility integrated signage, characterized in that it includes a lower plate on which the upper plate is installed.

7. In paragraph 6, A facility maintenance method based on a multi-underground facility integrated sign, characterized in that a shielding film is placed between the storage module and the lower plate.

8. In paragraph 6, The above smart pin is, A facility maintenance management method based on a multi-underground facility integrated signage, characterized in that the number of storage modules can be changed according to the type of underground facility.

9. In paragraph 1, The step of constructing the lower part of the above smart fin; A step of measuring the construction location and direction of the smart pin based on the measurement point marking formed on the lower plate; and A facility maintenance method based on a multi-underground facility integrated signage, characterized in that it further includes a step of attaching the upper plate of the smart pin to the lower plate based on the above measurement.

10. In paragraph 9, A facility maintenance method based on a multi-underground facility integrated sign, characterized in that the joining direction of the upper plate is determined based on the reference direction indicator formed on the lower plate.

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