Optical auxiliary substrate and display device

Abstract

An optical auxiliary substrate and a display device, relating to the technical field of display. The optical auxiliary substrate comprises a display area (200). The display area (200) comprises a first substrate (10) and a second substrate (20) arranged opposite to each other, and a liquid crystal layer (300) arranged between the first substrate (10) and the second substrate (20). The surface of the side, close to the liquid crystal layer (300), of one of the first substrate (10) and the second substrate (20) is provided with at least one recess (30), and the orthographic projections of at least part of the liquid crystal layer (300) and the at least one recess (30) on the optical auxiliary substrate overlap.

Description

Optical auxiliary substrate and display device

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on January 18, 2024, with application number 202410075641.7 and invention name “An optical auxiliary substrate and display device”, the contents of which should be understood as incorporated into this application by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This article relates to but is not limited to the field of display technology, and specifically to an optical auxiliary substrate and a display device. Background Art

[0003] Microlens arrays are key components for achieving light field 3D displays. Liquid crystal microlenses are currently manufactured using thermal reflow or printing techniques. These microlenses offer broad application prospects due to their controllability and ability to achieve larger apertures. By adjusting the voltage, the shape of the microlenses can be manipulated to suit different application scenarios.

[0004] Liquid crystal displays (LCDs) have rapidly developed due to their small size, low power consumption, and zero radiation. An LCD panel consists of a cell-aligned thin-film transistor (TFT) array substrate and a color filter (CF) substrate. Liquid crystal (LC) molecules are positioned between the array and CF substrates. Controlling the common electrode and pixel electrodes creates an electric field that drives the liquid crystal deflection, achieving grayscale display. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The following is a summary of the subject matter described in detail herein. This summary is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

[0006] On the one hand, the present disclosure provides an optical auxiliary substrate, including a display area, wherein the display area includes a first substrate and a second substrate arranged opposite to each other, and a liquid crystal layer arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate; the surface of one of the first substrate and the second substrate close to the liquid crystal layer includes at least one groove, and at least part of the liquid crystal layer overlaps with the orthographic projection of the at least one groove on the optical auxiliary substrate.

[0007] In an exemplary embodiment, at least a portion of the liquid crystal layer fills the at least one groove.

[0008] In an exemplary embodiment, a dielectric layer is further included, the dielectric layer filling the at least one groove, at least a portion of the liquid crystal layer overlaps with the orthographic projection of the dielectric layer on the optical auxiliary substrate, and the refractive index of the dielectric layer is greater than the refractive index of the substrate where the at least one groove is located.

[0009] In an exemplary embodiment, a non-display area surrounding the display area is further included. The non-display area includes a first substrate and a second substrate opposite to each other, and a sealing structure provided between the first substrate and the second substrate, the sealing structure surrounding the display area.

[0010] In an exemplary embodiment, the non-display area further includes a sensor disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate.

[0011] In an exemplary embodiment, an outer profile of the at least one groove in a cross section perpendicular to the optical auxiliary substrate includes at least one of an arcuate shape, a U-shape, and an inverted U-shape.

[0012] In an exemplary embodiment, on a plane parallel to the optical auxiliary substrate, a shape of the at least one groove includes at least one of a strip, a circle, a rectangle, an ellipse, a hexagon, and an octagon.

[0013] In an exemplary embodiment, the display area includes a plurality of grooves, the plurality of grooves are arranged at intervals along a first direction to form groove rows, the plurality of groove rows are arranged at intervals along a second direction, the centers of the plurality of grooves arranged in the first direction are roughly aligned, and the centers of the plurality of grooves arranged in the second direction are roughly aligned; or, the centers of the plurality of grooves arranged in the first direction are roughly aligned, and the centers of the plurality of grooves arranged in the second direction are staggered from each other; or, the centers of the plurality of grooves arranged in the first direction are staggered from each other, and the centers of the plurality of grooves arranged in the second direction are roughly aligned; the first direction and the second direction are both parallel to the optical auxiliary substrate, and the first direction intersects with the second direction.

[0014] In an exemplary embodiment, a plurality of support columns are further included, and the plurality of support columns are disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate of the display area. The plurality of support columns are spaced apart in a direction parallel to the optical auxiliary substrate, and the liquid crystal layer is disposed between adjacent support columns.

[0015] In an exemplary embodiment, a surface of one of the first substrate and the second substrate on a side close to the liquid crystal layer includes a supporting area, and the supporting area overlaps with the orthographic projection of the supporting column on the plane where the optical auxiliary substrate is located, and the supporting area does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the at least one groove on the plane where the optical auxiliary substrate is located; or, the supporting area is located on the inner surface of the at least one groove.

[0016] In an exemplary embodiment, in a direction parallel to the optical auxiliary substrate, a shape of the support region includes at least one of a strip shape, a grid shape, and a block shape.

[0017] In an exemplary embodiment, the display area further includes a first electrode and a second electrode, and the first electrode and the second electrode are arranged on opposite sides of the liquid crystal layer in the thickness direction of the optical auxiliary substrate, and the first electrode, the second electrode and the liquid crystal layer all overlap in their orthographic projections on the plane where the optical auxiliary substrate is located.

[0018] In an exemplary embodiment, the at least one groove is provided on a surface of the first substrate on a side close to the liquid crystal layer, at least a portion of the first electrode overlaps with an orthographic projection of the at least one groove on the plane where the optical auxiliary substrate is located, and the first electrode is provided on a side of the first substrate close to the liquid crystal layer; or, the first electrode is provided on a side of the first substrate away from the liquid crystal layer; or, the first electrode is provided on a side of the second substrate close to the liquid crystal layer; or, the first electrode is provided on a side of the second substrate away from the liquid crystal layer.

[0019] In an exemplary embodiment, the at least one groove is provided on a surface of the first substrate on a side close to the liquid crystal layer, at least a portion of the second electrode overlaps with an orthographic projection of the at least one groove on the plane where the optical auxiliary substrate is located, and the second electrode is provided on a side of the first substrate close to the liquid crystal layer; or, the second electrode is provided on a side of the first substrate away from the liquid crystal layer; or, the second electrode is provided on a side of the second substrate close to the liquid crystal layer; or, the second electrode is provided on a side of the second substrate away from the liquid crystal layer.

[0020] In an exemplary embodiment, an organic medium layer is further included. The organic medium layer is disposed on a side of the second electrode close to the liquid crystal layer, and the organic medium layer is in direct contact with the second electrode.

[0021] In an exemplary embodiment, the second electrode includes a plurality of sub-electrodes, the shapes of the sub-electrodes include lines extending along the second direction, and the plurality of sub-electrodes are arranged at intervals along the first direction; or, the second electrode includes a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer insulated from each other, the second electrode layer is located on a side of the first electrode layer close to the liquid crystal layer, the first electrode layer includes a plurality of first sub-electrodes, the shapes of the first sub-electrodes include lines extending along the second direction, and the plurality of first sub-electrodes are arranged at intervals along the first direction, the second electrode layer includes a plurality of second sub-electrodes, the shapes of the second sub-electrodes include lines extending along the first direction, and the plurality of second sub-electrodes are arranged at intervals along the second direction; or, the second electrode includes a plurality of sub-electrodes, the shapes of the sub-electrodes include lines extending along the second direction, the plurality of sub-electrodes are arranged at intervals along the first direction to form sub-electrode rows, and the plurality of sub-electrode rows are arranged at intervals along the second direction; the first direction and the second direction are both parallel to the optical auxiliary substrate, and the first direction intersects the second direction.

[0022] In an exemplary embodiment, the second electrode includes a first sub-electrode and a plurality of second sub-electrodes, the shape of the first sub-electrode includes a circle, the shape of the second sub-electrode includes a ring, the first sub-electrode and the plurality of second sub-electrodes are arranged concentrically, and adjacent second sub-electrodes have different diameters.

[0023] In an exemplary embodiment, the line widths of adjacent second sub-electrodes are the same or different.

[0024] In an exemplary embodiment, the display area includes multiple sub-display areas, each of the multiple sub-display areas includes a first electrode and a second electrode, the first electrode of a sub-display area is input with the same first electrical signal, and the second electrode of a sub-display area is input with the same second electrical signal.

[0025] In an exemplary embodiment, one sub display area includes one groove; or, a plurality of sub display areas share one groove.

[0026] In an exemplary embodiment, a surface of the first substrate on one side close to the liquid crystal layer includes a first area, a second area, and a third area, the first area is located in the display area, the first area includes at least one groove, the second area surrounds the first area, the second area overlaps with the orthographic projection of the sealing structure on the plane where the optical auxiliary substrate is located, and the third area surrounds the second area, and the third area does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the sealing structure on the plane where the optical auxiliary substrate is located.

[0027] In an exemplary embodiment, a surface of the first substrate on one side close to the liquid crystal layer includes a first area, a second area, and a supporting area, the first area is located in the display area, the first area includes at least one groove, a plurality of first areas are arranged at intervals to form a first area array, the second area is arranged around the first area array, a sealing structure is provided on the second area, the supporting area is located between adjacent first areas, and the supporting area overlaps with the orthographic projection of the supporting column on the plane where the optical auxiliary substrate is located.

[0028] On the other hand, the present disclosure further provides a display device comprising the aforementioned optical auxiliary substrate.

[0029] In an exemplary embodiment, a display substrate is further included and is disposed opposite to the optical auxiliary substrate. A surface of the first substrate close to the liquid crystal layer includes at least one groove. The optical auxiliary substrate and the display substrate share the second substrate.

[0030] In an exemplary embodiment, a polarizer is further included, and the optical auxiliary substrate further includes a second electrode, the second electrode is disposed on a side of the second substrate close to the liquid crystal layer, and the polarizer is disposed on a side of the second electrode close to the second substrate.

[0031] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical auxiliary substrate further includes a second electrode, the second electrode is disposed on a side of the second base close to the liquid crystal layer, and the second electrode includes a polarizing material.

[0032] In an exemplary embodiment, the second electrode includes a plurality of sub-electrodes, a shape of the sub-electrodes includes a line shape, and the plurality of sub-electrodes are connected to each other.

[0033] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the description, or will be understood by practicing the present application. Other advantages of the present application can be realized and obtained by the solutions described in the description and the drawings.

[0034] Summary of the Figures

[0035] The accompanying drawings are used to provide an understanding of the technical solution of the present application and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present application, they are used to explain the technical solution of the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solution of the present application.

[0036] The accompanying drawings are used to provide an understanding of the technical solution of the present application and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present application, they are used to explain the technical solution of the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solution of the present application.

[0037] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of an optical auxiliary substrate;

[0038] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of another optical auxiliary substrate;

[0039] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of another optical auxiliary substrate;

[0040] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of another optical auxiliary substrate;

[0041] FIG5 is a graph showing the aperture and arch height of a microlens in an optical auxiliary substrate;

[0042] FIG6 is a graph showing the placement height and arch height of microlenses in an optical auxiliary substrate;

[0043] FIG7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0044] FIG8a is a schematic structural diagram of a first base of an optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0045] FIG8 b is a schematic structural diagram of a first base of another optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0046] FIG8c is a schematic structural diagram of a first base of another optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0047] FIG8 d is a schematic structural diagram of a first base of another optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0048] FIG8e is a schematic structural diagram of a first base of another optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0049] FIG8f is a schematic structural diagram of a first base of another optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0050] 9a to 9c are schematic cross-sectional views of a groove of an optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0051] 10a and 10b are schematic planar structural diagrams of a groove of an optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0052] 11a and 11e are schematic planar structural diagrams of a groove of another optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0053] FIG12a is a schematic plan view of a groove structure of another optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0054] FIG12 b is a schematic plan view of a groove structure of another optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0055] 13a to 13d are schematic diagrams showing a process for preparing a groove of an optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0056] FIG14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0057] FIG15a is a schematic structural diagram of a second electrode of another optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0058] FIG15 b is a schematic structural diagram of a second electrode of another optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0059] FIG15c is a schematic structural diagram of a second electrode of another optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0060] FIG15d is a schematic structural diagram of a second electrode of another optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0061] FIG15e is a schematic structural diagram of a second electrode of another optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0062] FIG15f is a schematic structural diagram of a second electrode of another optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0063] FIG16a is a schematic diagram showing the partitioning of a display area of ​​an optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0064] FIG16 b is a schematic diagram showing the partitioning of a display area of ​​an optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0065] FIG17 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0066] FIG18 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0067] FIG19 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0068] FIG20 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0069] FIG21 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0070] FIG22 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0071] FIG23 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0072] FIG24 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0073] FIG25 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0074] FIG26 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0075] FIG27 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0076] FIG. 28 is a schematic structural diagram of a second electrode of another display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0077] Details

[0078] This application describes multiple embodiments, but this description is exemplary rather than restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that there may be more embodiments and implementations within the scope of the embodiments described herein. Although many possible feature combinations are shown in the drawings and discussed in the detailed description, many other combinations of the disclosed features are also possible. Unless specifically limited, any feature or element of any embodiment may be used in combination with any other feature or element in any other embodiment, or may replace any other feature or element in any other embodiment.

[0079] This application includes and contemplates combinations of features and elements known to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments, features, and elements disclosed in this application may also be combined with any conventional features or elements to form a unique inventive solution defined by the claims. Any features or elements of any embodiment may also be combined with features or elements from other inventive solutions to form another unique inventive solution defined by the claims. Therefore, it should be understood that any feature shown and / or discussed in this application may be implemented individually or in any appropriate combination. Therefore, except for the limitations made according to the appended claims and their equivalents, the embodiments are not subject to other limitations. In addition, various modifications and changes may be made within the scope of protection of the appended claims.

[0080] In addition, when describing representative embodiments, the specification may have presented the method and / or process as a specific sequence of steps. However, to the extent that the method or process does not rely on the specific order of the steps described herein, the method or process should not be limited to the steps in the specific order described. As will be understood by those skilled in the art, other orders of steps are also possible. Therefore, the specific order of the steps set forth in the specification should not be interpreted as a limitation to the claims. In addition, the claims for the method and / or process should not be limited to performing their steps in the order written, and those skilled in the art can readily understand that these orders can be changed and still remain within the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0081] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an optical auxiliary substrate; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of another optical auxiliary substrate; and Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of another optical auxiliary substrate. The optical auxiliary substrate includes a plurality of spaced-apart microlenses. The visual angle of the optical auxiliary substrate can be adjusted by controlling the size of the microlenses (e.g., arch height and aperture). The larger the visual angle, the more people can see. For example, as shown in Figure 1, the optical auxiliary substrate includes a plurality of first microlenses 11' arranged in an array on a substrate 1'. The first microlenses 11' protrude in a direction away from the substrate 1', and the visual angle of the first microlenses 11' is a1. As shown in Figure 2, the optical auxiliary substrate includes a plurality of second microlenses 12' arranged in an array on the substrate 1'. The second microlenses 12' protrude in a direction away from the substrate 1', and the visual angle of the second microlenses 12' is a2. As shown in Figure 3, the optical auxiliary substrate includes a plurality of third microlenses 13' arranged in an array on the substrate 1'. The third microlenses 13' protrude in a direction away from the substrate 1', and the visual angle of the third microlenses 13' is a3. The size of the first microlens 11' is smaller than that of the second microlens 12', and the visual angle a1 of the first microlens 11' is smaller than the visual angle a2 of the second microlens 12'; the size of the second microlens 12' is smaller than that of the third microlens 13', and the visual angle a2 of the second microlens 12' is smaller than the visual angle a3 of the third microlens 13'.

[0082] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of another optical auxiliary substrate. Research by the inventors of this disclosure has revealed that the optical auxiliary substrate utilizes large microlenses, which provide a wide viewing angle and accommodate multiple viewers. As shown in Figure 4 , the microlenses 2' have a dome height h1, a placement height h2, and an aperture d, where aperture d is the length of the microlens 2' parallel to the substrate 1'.

[0083] Figure 5 is a graph showing the diameter and arch height of a microlens in an optical auxiliary substrate. As shown in Figure 5, the inventors of the present disclosure have found that a large-sized microlens can be achieved by increasing the diameter d of the microlens. However, increasing the diameter d of the microlens will result in an increase in the arch height h of the microlens. For example, when the diameter d of the microlens increases by 2 times, the corresponding arch height h of the microlens increases by 4.1 times. The increase in the arch height h of the microlens will increase the box thickness of the optical auxiliary substrate, resulting in an excessively large cavity volume in the non-display area of ​​the optical auxiliary substrate. During the vacuuming process, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the sealing structure is too large, resulting in puncture of the liquid crystal in the sealing structure, and the liquid crystal flows into the cavity in the non-display area, causing leakage. The higher the box thickness of the optical auxiliary substrate, the more likely liquid crystal puncture will occur. When the box thickness of the optical auxiliary substrate reaches more than 20um, the yield of the optical auxiliary substrate is basically 0.

[0084] Figure 6 is a graph showing the placement height and arch height of microlenses in an optical auxiliary substrate. As shown in Figure 6, the inventors of this disclosure have discovered that by reducing the placement height h2 of the microlenses, larger microlenses can be achieved. However, reducing the placement height h2 of the microlenses increases the arch height h of the microlenses. For example, when the placement height h2 of the microlenses is halved, the corresponding arch height h of the microlenses increases by 2 times, increasing the thickness of the optical auxiliary substrate and making liquid crystal puncture more likely.

[0085] The present disclosure provides an optical auxiliary substrate, comprising a display area, wherein the display area includes a first substrate and a second substrate arranged opposite to each other, and a liquid crystal layer arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate; a surface of one of the first substrate and the second substrate close to the liquid crystal layer includes at least one groove, and at least a portion of the liquid crystal layer overlaps with the orthographic projection of the at least one groove on the optical auxiliary substrate.

[0086] The optical auxiliary substrate disclosed in the present invention is illustrated below by means of some exemplary embodiments.

[0087] Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figure 7, the optical auxiliary substrate according to the present disclosure may include a display region 100 and a non-display region 200 surrounding the display region 100, as viewed in a plane perpendicular to the optical auxiliary substrate. The display region 100 includes a first substrate 10 and a second substrate 20 disposed opposite each other, and a liquid crystal layer 300 disposed between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20.

[0088] In an exemplary embodiment, the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 may each include glass, metal or polymer resin. When the first substrate 10 is flexible or bendable, the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 may each include a polymer resin, such as polyethersulfone, polyacrylate, polyetherimide, polyethylene naphthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyphenylene sulfide, polyarylate, polyimide, polycarbonate or cellulose acetate propionate. Various modifications are possible. For example, the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 may each have a multilayer structure including two layers each including such a polymer resin and a barrier layer including an inorganic material (e.g., silicon oxide, silicon nitride or silicon oxynitride) between the two layers.

[0089] In an exemplary embodiment, the liquid crystal layer 300 may include a plurality of liquid crystal molecules having dielectric anisotropy. In response to an electric field applied between the first electrode 51 and the second electrode 52, the liquid crystal molecules may rotate in a predetermined direction between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20, thereby allowing or blocking the transmission of light.

[0090] In an exemplary embodiment, the first substrate 10 has a first surface 11 and a second surface 12 disposed opposite each other along the thickness direction of the first substrate 10. The first surface 11 is located on a side close to the liquid crystal layer 300, and the second surface 12 is located on a side away from the liquid crystal layer 300. The first surface 11 includes at least one groove 30, which is recessed in a direction away from the liquid crystal layer 300. The outer contour of the groove 30, as viewed in a cross section perpendicular to the optical auxiliary substrate, comprises an arcuate shape. Multiple grooves 30 may be arranged at intervals parallel to the plane of the optical auxiliary substrate, with at least one groove 30 overlapping with an orthographic projection of the liquid crystal layer 300 on the plane of the optical auxiliary substrate. For example, the orthographic projection of at least one groove 30 on the plane of the optical auxiliary substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the liquid crystal layer 300 on the plane of the optical auxiliary substrate. At least a portion of the liquid crystal layer 300 fills the groove 30. The second surface 12 may include a flat surface.

[0091] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical auxiliary substrate fills the groove 30 with a liquid crystal layer 300, thereby increasing the arch height of the liquid crystal layer 300 and increasing the visual viewing angle of the optical auxiliary substrate, so that the optical auxiliary substrate can be viewed by multiple people; moreover, the increase in the arch height of the liquid crystal layer 300 does not increase the box thickness of the optical auxiliary substrate, thereby preventing liquid crystal puncture from occurring in the optical auxiliary substrate.

[0092] In an exemplary embodiment, the first surface 11 further includes a support region 31 that does not overlap with an orthographic projection of the groove 30 on the optical auxiliary substrate. The support region 31 surrounds the groove 30, with at least a portion of the support region 31 located between adjacent grooves 30 and connecting the edges of adjacent grooves 30. The support region 31 may include a flat surface.

[0093] In an exemplary embodiment, the second substrate 20 has a third surface 21 and a fourth surface 22 disposed opposite to each other along the thickness direction of the second substrate 20. The third surface 21 is located on a side close to the liquid crystal layer 300, and the fourth surface 22 is located on a side away from the liquid crystal layer 300. The third surface 21 and the fourth surface 22 may each include a flat surface.

[0094] In an exemplary embodiment, the display area 100 further includes a first electrode 51 disposed on a side of the first substrate 10 proximate to the liquid crystal layer 300, and a first insulating layer 61 disposed on a side of the first electrode 51 proximate to the liquid crystal layer 300. The first side of the first electrode 51 may be in direct contact with the first surface 11 of the first substrate 10, and at least a portion of the first electrode 51 may cover the inner walls of the grooves 30 on the first surface 11. In an exemplary embodiment, the first electrode 51 may cover the inner walls of all grooves 30 on the first surface 11. The second side of the first electrode 51 may be in direct contact with the first side of the first insulating layer 61. The second side of the first insulating layer 61 may be in direct contact with the liquid crystal layer 300, and at least a portion of the first insulating layer 61 may overlap with the orthographic projection of the grooves 30 on the first surface 11 on the plane of the optical auxiliary substrate. In an exemplary embodiment, the orthographic projections of all grooves 30 on the first surface 11 on the plane of the optical auxiliary substrate are located within the orthographic projection of the first insulating layer 61 on the plane of the optical auxiliary substrate.

[0095] In an exemplary embodiment, the first electrode 51 may overlap with the orthographic projections of the plurality of grooves 30 on the plane where the optical auxiliary substrate is located. For example, the first electrode 51 may cover all the grooves 30 in the display area.

[0096] In an exemplary embodiment, the stacking structure formed by the first electrode 51 and the first insulating layer 61 at least partially covers the inner wall of the groove 30 and extends along the contour of the inner wall of the groove 30 to form an arc that bulges away from the liquid crystal layer 300. At least a portion of the liquid crystal layer 300 fills the groove 30 and contacts the arc-shaped stacking structure.

[0097] In an exemplary embodiment, the display area 100 further includes a second electrode 52 disposed on a side of the second substrate 20 close to the liquid crystal layer 300, and a second insulating layer 62 disposed on a side of the second electrode 52 close to the liquid crystal layer 300. A first side of the second electrode 52 may be in direct contact with the third surface 21 of the second substrate 20, a second side of the second electrode 52 may be in direct contact with a first side of the second insulating layer 62, and a second side of the second insulating layer 62 may be in direct contact with the liquid crystal layer 300.

[0098] In an exemplary embodiment, the second electrode 52 may overlap with the orthographic projections of multiple grooves 30 on the plane where the optical auxiliary substrate is located. For example, the orthographic projection of the second electrode 52 on the plane where the optical auxiliary substrate is located covers the orthographic projections of all grooves 30 in the display area on the plane where the optical auxiliary substrate is located.

[0099] In an exemplary embodiment, the first electrode 51 and the second electrode 52 are located on opposite sides of the liquid crystal layer 300 in the thickness direction of the optical auxiliary substrate, and the first electrode 51, the second electrode 52 and the liquid crystal layer 300 all overlap in the orthographic projection of the plane where the optical auxiliary substrate is located. For example, the orthographic projection of the liquid crystal layer 300 on the plane where the optical auxiliary substrate is located is located in the orthographic projection of the first electrode 51 on the plane where the optical auxiliary substrate is located, and the orthographic projection of the liquid crystal layer 300 on the plane where the optical auxiliary substrate is located is located in the orthographic projection of the second electrode 52 on the plane where the optical auxiliary substrate is located.

[0100] In an exemplary embodiment, the first electrode 51 and the second electrode 52 may each include a light-transmitting conductive material, for example, indium tin oxide (ITO).

[0101] In exemplary embodiments, the first insulating layer 61 and the second insulating layer 62 may each include polyimide (PI).

[0102] In an exemplary embodiment, the maximum depth of the groove 30 on the first substrate 10 can be calculated based on the viewing angle. For example, when the viewing angle is 40°, the maximum depth of the groove 30 is greater than or equal to 40 micrometers and less than or equal to 60 micrometers.

[0103] In an exemplary embodiment, when the second electrode 52 is unpowered, the long axis of the liquid crystals in the liquid crystal layer 300 extends along the third direction. The refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 300 is greater than that of the first substrate 10. Light passing through the second substrate 20 toward the first substrate 10 is refracted at the interface between the liquid crystal layer 300 and the groove 30, achieving a dimming effect. When the second electrode 52 is powered, the long axis of the liquid crystals in the liquid crystal layer 300 extends along the fourth direction. The refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 300 is equal to that of the first substrate 10. Light passing through the second substrate 20 toward the first substrate 10 is directly transmitted through the interface between the liquid crystal layer 300 and the groove 30. The third direction intersects the fourth direction.

[0104] In an exemplary embodiment, the display area 100 further includes at least one support column 400, which is disposed between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 to support the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20. A first end of the support column 400 directly contacts the first insulating layer 61 on the first substrate 10, and a second end of the support column 400 directly contacts the second insulating layer 62 on the second substrate 20. A plurality of support columns 400 may be arranged in a direction parallel to the optical auxiliary substrate, with the liquid crystal layer 300 filling the gaps between adjacent support columns 400.

[0105] In an exemplary embodiment, the support column 400 does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the groove 30 of the first substrate 10 on the plane where the optical auxiliary substrate is located; the support column 400 does overlap with the orthographic projection of the supporting area 31 of the first substrate 10 on the plane where the optical auxiliary substrate is located. For example, the orthographic projection of the surface of the support column 400 close to the first substrate 10 on the plane where the optical auxiliary substrate is located is located in the orthographic projection of the supporting area 31 on the plane where the optical auxiliary substrate is located.

[0106] In an exemplary embodiment, the support pillar 400 has a regular trapezoidal shape in a cross section perpendicular to the optical auxiliary substrate.

[0107] In an exemplary embodiment, the non-display area 200 includes a first substrate 10 and a second substrate 20 disposed opposite each other. The first substrate 10 has a first surface 11 and a second surface 12 disposed opposite each other along the thickness direction of the first substrate 10. The first surface 11 is located on a side close to the liquid crystal layer 300, and the second surface 12 is located on a side away from the liquid crystal layer 300. Both the first surface 11 and the second surface 12 are flat surfaces. The second substrate 20 has a third surface 21 and a fourth surface 22 disposed opposite each other along the thickness direction of the second substrate 20. The third surface 21 is located on a side close to the liquid crystal layer 300, and the fourth surface 22 is located on a side away from the liquid crystal layer 300. Both the third surface 21 and the fourth surface 22 are flat surfaces.

[0108] In an exemplary embodiment, a maximum vertical distance from the inner surface of the groove 30 to the third surface 21 of the second substrate 20 is L1, and a vertical distance from the first surface 11 of the first substrate 10 to the third surface 21 of the second substrate 20 in the non-display area 200 is L2, and L1 is greater than L2.

[0109] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the maximum vertical distance L1 from the surface of the optical auxiliary substrate through the groove 30 to the third surface 21 of the second substrate 20 is greater than the vertical distance L2 from the first surface 11 of the first substrate 10 to the third surface 21 of the second substrate 20 in the non-display area 200. This increases the arch height of the liquid crystal layer 300 in the display area 100 and prevents the distance between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 in the non-display area 200 from increasing, thereby preventing liquid crystal puncture from occurring in the optical auxiliary substrate.

[0110] In an exemplary embodiment, the non-display area 200 further includes a sealing structure 500, which is disposed between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 in the non-display area 200. A first side of the sealing structure 500 is in direct contact with the first substrate 10, and a second side of the sealing structure 500 is in direct contact with the second substrate 20. The sealing structure 500 surrounds the display area 100 and seals the liquid crystal layer 300 between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 in the display area 100.

[0111] In an exemplary embodiment, the sealing structure 500 includes a sealing member and a glue layer disposed outside the sealing member. The sealing member may have an elliptical shape in a cross section perpendicular to the optical auxiliary substrate and may be made of an elastic material, such as silicone.

[0112] In an exemplary embodiment, the sealing structure 500 does not overlap with the groove 30 of the display area 100 in terms of their orthographic projection on the plane where the optical auxiliary substrate is located.

[0113] In some embodiments, the groove may be located on the side surface of the second substrate close to the liquid crystal layer, no groove is provided on the first substrate, and the side surface of the first substrate close to the liquid crystal layer may include a flat surface. The embodiments of the present disclosure will not be repeated here.

[0114] Figure 8a is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first substrate of an optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figure 8a, the first surface 11 of the first substrate 10 includes a first region 101, a second region 102, and a third region 103 in a direction parallel to the optical auxiliary substrate. The first region 101 is located in the display area of ​​the optical auxiliary substrate. The shape of the first region 101 includes a rectangle and includes at least one groove. Multiple first regions 101 may be arranged at intervals. The second region 102 is located in the non-display area of ​​the optical auxiliary substrate. The shape of the second region 102 includes a ring. The second region 102 is arranged around the first region 101. The orthographic projection of the second region 102 and the sealing structure on the plane of the optical auxiliary substrate overlap. The sealing structure may be provided on the second region 102. The third region 103 is located in the non-display area of ​​the optical auxiliary substrate. At least a portion of the third region 103 is arranged around the second region 102. The orthographic projection of the third region 103 and the sealing structure on the plane of the optical auxiliary substrate do not overlap.

[0115] Figure 8b is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first substrate of another optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figure 8b, the first surface 11 of the first substrate 10 includes a first region 101, a second region 102, and a support region 31 in a direction parallel to the optical auxiliary substrate. The first region 101 is located in the display area of ​​the optical auxiliary substrate and has a shape comprising an elongated rectangle. Multiple first regions 101 may be arranged at intervals along a first direction D1 to form a first region array, and each first region 101 includes at least one groove. The second region 102 is located in the non-display area of ​​the optical auxiliary substrate and has a shape comprising an annular shape. The second regions 102 are arranged around the first region array. The second regions 102 overlap with the orthographic projection of the sealing structure on the plane of the optical auxiliary substrate, and the sealing structure may be disposed on the second regions 102. The shape of the support area 31 includes a long strip, and the support area 31 can extend along the second direction D2. The support area 31 is located between adjacent first areas 101 in the first direction D1, separating the adjacent first areas 101. The support area 31 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the support column on the plane where the optical auxiliary substrate is located.

[0116] Figure 8c is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the first substrate of another optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In this exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figure 8c, the first surface 11 of the first substrate 10 includes a first region 101, a second region 102, and a support region 31, in a direction parallel to the optical auxiliary substrate. The first region 101 is located in the display area of ​​the optical auxiliary substrate and has a rectangular shape. Multiple first regions 101 can be arranged at intervals along a first direction D1 to form a first region row. Multiple first region rows can be arranged at intervals along a second direction D2 to form a first region array. Each first region 101 includes at least one groove. The second region 102 is located in the non-display area of ​​the optical auxiliary substrate and has a ring shape. The second regions 102 are arranged around the first region array. The orthographic projection of the second region 102 and the sealing structure on the plane of the optical auxiliary substrate overlap, and the sealing structure can be disposed on the second region 102. The shape of the support area 31 includes a grid shape. The support area 31 can be located between the first areas 101 adjacent to each other in the first direction D1 of the first area array, and between the first areas 101 adjacent to each other in the second direction D2 of the first area array. The support area 31 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the support column on the plane where the optical auxiliary substrate is located.

[0117] Figure 8d is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first substrate of another optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In the exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figure 8d, the first surface 11 of the first substrate 10 includes a first region 101, a second region 102, and a support region 31 in a direction parallel to the optical auxiliary substrate. The first region 101 is located in the display area of ​​the optical auxiliary substrate and has a rectangular shape and includes at least one groove. The second region 102 is located in the non-display area of ​​the optical auxiliary substrate and has a ring shape. The second region 102 is arranged around the first region 101 and overlaps with the orthographic projection of the sealing structure on the plane of the optical auxiliary substrate. The sealing structure can be disposed on the second region 102. The support region 31 has a block shape, such as a circle, and can be located in the first region 101. The support region 31 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the support column on the plane of the optical auxiliary substrate.

[0118] Figure 8e is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the first substrate of another optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In this exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figure 8e, the first surface 11 of the first substrate 10 includes a first region 101 and a second region 102, parallel to the optical auxiliary substrate. The first region 101 is located in the display area of ​​the optical auxiliary substrate, has a rectangular shape, and includes at least one groove. The second region 102 is located in the non-display area of ​​the optical auxiliary substrate, has a ring shape, and is disposed around the first region 101. The orthographic projection of the second region 102 and the sealing structure on the plane of the optical auxiliary substrate overlap, and the sealing structure may be disposed on the second region 102.

[0119] Figure 8f is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the first substrate of another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In an exemplary embodiment, the optical auxiliary substrate of the present disclosure further includes a sensor 75, located in a direction parallel to the optical auxiliary substrate. The sensor 75 is located in the non-display area of ​​the optical auxiliary substrate and disposed between the first and second substrates. For example, as shown in Figure 8f, the first surface 11 of the first substrate 10 includes a first region 101 and a fifth region 105. The first region 101 is located in the display area of ​​the optical auxiliary substrate and has a rectangular shape and includes at least one groove. The fifth region 105 is located in the non-display area of ​​the optical auxiliary substrate and has a ring shape. The fifth region 105 surrounds the first region 101 and is provided with a plurality of sensors 75. The plurality of sensors 75 are arranged around the first region 101. The fifth region 105 has a mounting groove. The sensor 75 comprises a liquid crystal material, at least a portion of which may be disposed within the mounting groove of the fifth region 105.

[0120] In an exemplary embodiment, the sensor 75 may include at least one of a human eye tracking sensor and a gesture recognition sensor.

[0121] Figures 9a to 9c are schematic cross-sectional views of a groove of an optical auxiliary substrate according to exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the groove may have other shapes in a cross-section perpendicular to the plane of the optical auxiliary substrate. For example, the outer contour of the groove in a cross-section perpendicular to the plane of the optical auxiliary substrate may include at least one of a U-shape and an inverted U-shape. For example, as shown in Figure 9a, the outer contour of the groove 30 in a cross-section perpendicular to the plane of the optical auxiliary substrate may include an inverted U-shape. The groove 30 includes a sidewall 301, which is a plane and has an acute angle with the optical auxiliary substrate. For example, as shown in Figure 9b, the outer contour of the groove 30 in a cross-section perpendicular to the plane of the optical auxiliary substrate may include an inverted U-shape. The groove 30 includes a sidewall 301, which is a curved surface. For example, as shown in Figure 9c, the outer contour of the groove 30 in a cross-section perpendicular to the plane of the optical auxiliary substrate may include an inverted U-shape. The groove 30 includes a sidewall 301, which is a plane.

[0122] Figures 10a and 10b are schematic diagrams of the planar structure of a groove of an optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figure 10a, on a plane parallel to the optical auxiliary substrate, the shape of the groove 30 of the optical auxiliary substrate according to the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a long strip, the groove 30 extends along the second direction D2, and a plurality of grooves 30 are arranged at intervals along the first direction D1. The first direction D1 and the second direction D2 are both parallel to the optical auxiliary substrate, and the first direction D1 and the second direction D2 intersect. For example, the first direction D1 and the second direction D2 are perpendicular to each other. Alternatively, as shown in Figure 10b, on a plane parallel to the optical auxiliary substrate, the shape of the groove 30 of the optical auxiliary substrate according to the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a block, a plurality of grooves 30 are arranged at intervals along the first direction D1 to form a groove row, and a plurality of groove rows are arranged at intervals along the second direction D2.

[0123] Figures 11a and 11e are schematic diagrams of the planar structure of the groove of another optical auxiliary substrate of an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In an exemplary embodiment, on a plane parallel to the optical auxiliary substrate, the shape of the groove of the optical auxiliary substrate of the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a variety of shapes. For example, the shape of the groove 30 of the optical auxiliary substrate of the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a circle, as shown in Figure 11a. Alternatively, the shape of the groove 30 of the optical auxiliary substrate of the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a rectangle, as shown in Figure 11b. Alternatively, the shape of the groove 30 of the optical auxiliary substrate of the embodiment of the present disclosure includes an ellipse, as shown in Figure 11c. Alternatively, the shape of the groove 30 of the optical auxiliary substrate of the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a hexagon, as shown in Figure 11d. Alternatively, the shape of the groove 30 of the optical auxiliary substrate of the embodiment of the present disclosure includes an octagon, as shown in Figure 11e.

[0124] In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in FIG10b , on a plane parallel to the optical auxiliary substrate, the shape of the grooves 30 of the optical auxiliary substrate of the disclosed embodiment includes a circle, a plurality of grooves 30 are arranged at intervals along a first direction D1 to form groove rows, a plurality of groove rows are arranged at intervals along a second direction D2, the centers of the plurality of grooves 30 arranged in the first direction D1 are substantially flush, and the centers of the plurality of grooves 30 arranged in the second direction D2 are substantially flush.

[0125] Figure 12a is a schematic diagram of a planar structure of grooves in another optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In this exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figure 12a, the grooves 30 of the optical auxiliary substrate according to the present embodiment comprise a circular shape, arranged in a plane parallel to the optical auxiliary substrate. Multiple grooves 30 are arranged in a first direction D1 to form groove rows, and multiple groove rows are arranged in a second direction D2 to form groove rows. The centers of the grooves 30 arranged in the first direction D1 are substantially aligned, while the centers of adjacent grooves 30 in the second direction D2 are offset from each other.

[0126] Figure 12b is a schematic diagram of a planar structure of grooves in another optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In this exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figure 12b, the shape of the grooves 30 in the optical auxiliary substrate according to the present embodiment comprises a circle, with multiple grooves 30 arranged in a first direction D1 to form groove rows, and multiple groove rows arranged in a second direction D2 to form groove rows. The centers of adjacent grooves 30 in the first direction D1 are offset from each other, while the centers of grooves 30 arranged in the second direction D2 are substantially aligned.

[0127] Figures 13a to 13d are schematic diagrams of a process for preparing a groove of an optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In an exemplary embodiment, the process for preparing a groove of an optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure includes:

[0128] (1) Forming a protective layer. Forming a protective layer includes: depositing a protective layer 40 on the first surface 11 of the first substrate 10, as shown in FIG13a. The protective layer 40 may include a metal, such as molybdenum.

[0129] (2) Forming a protective pattern. Forming the protective pattern includes: on the first substrate 10 formed with the aforementioned pattern, using an etching process to etch away the protective layer on a portion of the first surface 11 of the first substrate 10, thereby exposing the groove region of the first surface 11 of the first substrate 10; retaining the protective layer on the other regions of the first surface 11 of the first substrate 10, thereby forming a protective pattern 41, as shown in FIG13b.

[0130] (3) Forming a groove. Forming a groove includes: on the first substrate 10 formed with the aforementioned pattern, using an etching process to etch away the groove area of ​​the first surface 11 of the first substrate 10 exposed to form a groove 30, as shown in FIG13c.

[0131] (4) Removing the protective pattern. Removing the protective pattern includes: using an etching process on the first substrate 10 on which the aforementioned pattern is formed to etch away the protective pattern on other areas of the first surface 11 of the first substrate 10, as shown in FIG13d.

[0132] (5) A first electrode and a first insulating layer are formed on the first surface of the first substrate; then, the first substrate and the second substrate are placed in a cell.

[0133] In some embodiments, during the preparation of the grooves of the optical auxiliary substrate in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the protective pattern may be retained, which will not be further described in this embodiment.

[0134] Figure 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In this exemplary embodiment, the structure of the optical auxiliary substrate of this exemplary embodiment is substantially the same as that of the optical auxiliary substrate shown in Figure 7 , except that, as shown in Figure 14 , the optical auxiliary substrate of this embodiment further includes a first organic dielectric layer 71. The first organic dielectric layer 71 is disposed on the side of the second electrode 52 that is closest to the liquid crystal layer 300. The side of the first organic dielectric layer 71 that is closest to the liquid crystal layer 300 is in direct contact with the second insulating layer 62 and the sealing structure 500, while the side of the first organic dielectric layer 71 that is further away from the liquid crystal layer 300 is in direct contact with the second electrode 52.

[0135] In an exemplary embodiment, the second electrode 52 includes a plurality of sub-electrodes 80, each of which is linear in shape. The plurality of sub-electrodes 80 are spaced apart along a first direction D1, with slits formed between adjacent sub-electrodes 80 in the first direction D1. Each sub-electrode 80 can be individually controlled by the wiring connected to it, allowing the optical auxiliary substrate to precisely control the morphology of the liquid crystal layer and achieve zone-by-zone control.

[0136] Figure 15a is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a second electrode of another optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figure 15a, the second electrode 52 of the optical auxiliary substrate according to this exemplary embodiment includes a plurality of sub-electrodes 80, each of which is linearly shaped and extends along a second direction D2. The plurality of sub-electrodes 80 are arranged in an alternating pattern along a first direction D1.

[0137] In an exemplary embodiment, one sub-electrode 80 may be independently controlled by the wiring connected thereto, thereby achieving partitioned control of the optical auxiliary substrate.

[0138] Figure 15b is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a second electrode of another optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figure 15b , the second electrode 52 of the optical auxiliary substrate according to this exemplary embodiment includes a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer, and a third insulating layer positioned between the first and second electrode layers. The second electrode layer is positioned on the side of the first electrode layer closest to the liquid crystal layer. The first electrode layer is positioned closer to the second substrate 20 and includes a plurality of first sub-electrodes 81. The first sub-electrodes 81 are linear in shape extending along the second direction D2, and are spaced apart along the first direction D1. The second electrode layer is positioned further away from the second substrate 20 and includes a plurality of second sub-electrodes 82. The orthographic projections of the first sub-electrodes 81 and at least one second sub-electrode 82 overlap on the plane of the optical auxiliary substrate.

[0139] In an exemplary embodiment, a first sub-electrode 81 can be individually controlled by the wiring connected thereto, thereby realizing partitioned control of the optical auxiliary substrate. A second sub-electrode 82 can be individually controlled by the wiring connected thereto, thereby realizing partitioned control of the optical auxiliary substrate.

[0140] Figure 15c is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a second electrode of another optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figure 15c, the second electrode 52 of the optical auxiliary substrate according to this exemplary embodiment includes a plurality of sub-electrodes 80, each of which is linearly shaped and extends along a second direction D2. The plurality of sub-electrodes 80 are arranged in a spaced-apart arrangement along a first direction D1 to form sub-electrode rows, and the plurality of sub-electrode rows are arranged in a spaced-apart arrangement along a second direction D2.

[0141] In an exemplary embodiment, one sub-electrode 80 may be independently controlled by the wiring connected thereto, thereby achieving partitioned control of the optical auxiliary substrate.

[0142] Figure 15d is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second electrode of another optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figure 15d, the second electrode 52 of the optical auxiliary substrate according to this exemplary embodiment includes a first sub-electrode 81 and a plurality of second sub-electrodes 82. The first sub-electrode 81 is circular in shape, and the second sub-electrode 82 is annular in shape. The first sub-electrode 81 and the plurality of second sub-electrodes 82 are arranged concentrically, and adjacent second sub-electrodes 82 are arranged concentrically, and the diameters of adjacent second sub-electrodes 82 are different.

[0143] In an exemplary embodiment, one second sub-electrode 82 may be independently controlled by the wiring connected thereto, thereby achieving partitioned control of the optical auxiliary substrate.

[0144] In an exemplary embodiment, the line widths of adjacent second sub-electrodes 82 may be the same.

[0145] Figure 15e is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second electrode of another optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figure 15e, the second electrode 52 of the optical auxiliary substrate according to this exemplary embodiment includes a first sub-electrode 81 and a plurality of second sub-electrodes 82. The first sub-electrode 81 is circular in shape, and the second sub-electrode 82 is annular in shape. The first sub-electrode 81 and the plurality of second sub-electrodes 82 are arranged concentrically, and adjacent second sub-electrodes 82 are arranged concentrically, and the diameters of adjacent second sub-electrodes 82 are different.

[0146] In an exemplary embodiment, the line widths of adjacent second sub-electrodes 82 are different. For example, the line widths of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 82 gradually increase in a direction away from the first sub-electrode 81 .

[0147] Figure 15f is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a second electrode of another optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figure 15f, the second electrode 52 of the optical auxiliary substrate according to this exemplary embodiment includes a first sub-electrode 81 and a plurality of second sub-electrodes 82. The first sub-electrode 81 is circular in shape, and the second sub-electrode 82 is annular in shape. The first sub-electrode 81 and the plurality of second sub-electrodes 82 are arranged concentrically, and adjacent second sub-electrodes 82 are arranged concentrically, and the diameters of adjacent second sub-electrodes 82 are different.

[0148] In an exemplary embodiment, the line widths of adjacent second sub-electrodes 82 are different. For example, the line widths of the plurality of second sub-electrodes 82 gradually decrease in a direction away from the first sub-electrode 81 .

[0149] Figure 16a is a schematic diagram illustrating the partitioning of a display area of ​​an optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In this exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figure 16a , the display area 100 of the optical auxiliary substrate includes a plurality of sub-display areas 110 arranged in a plane parallel to the optical auxiliary substrate. The sub-display areas 110 are spaced apart along a first direction D1.

[0150] In an exemplary embodiment, the sub-display regions 110 are rectangular in shape, and each sub-display region 110 includes a first electrode 51 and a second electrode 52. Within the sub-display regions 110, the second electrode 52 includes a plurality of sub-electrodes 80, each shaped like a line extending along the second direction D2. The plurality of sub-electrodes 80 are arranged in an intermittent manner along the first direction D1. The first electrode 51 is rectangular in shape, and its orthographic projection on the optical auxiliary substrate overlaps the orthographic projections of all sub-electrodes 80 in the second electrode 52 on the optical auxiliary substrate.

[0151] In an exemplary embodiment, one sub-display region 110 may include one or more grooves, and the shapes of the grooves in different sub-display regions 110 may be different, thereby improving the 3D visual effect.

[0152] In an exemplary embodiment, the plurality of sub display areas 110 may share one groove.

[0153] In an exemplary embodiment, the first electrode 51 of a sub-display area 110 is input with the same first electrical signal, and the multiple sub-electrodes 80 of a sub-display area 110 can be input with the same second electrical signal, thereby realizing partition control of the display area, reducing the amount of data processed by the processor, and improving the processing speed of the processor.

[0154] In some embodiments, multiple sub-display areas may share one first electrode.

[0155] Figure 16b is a schematic diagram of the partitioning of the display area of ​​an optical auxiliary substrate in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In this exemplary embodiment, the structure of the display area of ​​the optical auxiliary substrate of this exemplary embodiment is substantially the same as that of the display area of ​​the optical auxiliary substrate shown in Figure 16a , except that, as shown in Figure 16b , the display area 100 of the optical auxiliary substrate includes a plurality of sub-display areas 110 arranged in a plane parallel to the optical auxiliary substrate. The plurality of sub-display areas 110 are arranged in a first direction D1 to form sub-display area rows, and the plurality of sub-display area rows are arranged in a second direction D2 to form sub-display area rows.

[0156] In some embodiments, multiple sub-display areas may share a first electrode. For example, multiple sub-display areas arranged in the first direction D1 may share a first electrode; and / or multiple sub-display areas arranged in the second direction D2 may share a first electrode.

[0157] Figure 17 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In an exemplary embodiment, the structure of the optical auxiliary substrate of this exemplary embodiment is substantially the same as that of the optical auxiliary substrate shown in Figure 14 , except that the groove 30 of this exemplary embodiment may have an inverted U-shape in a cross-section perpendicular to the plane of the optical auxiliary substrate. The first surface 11 of the first substrate 10 also includes a support region 31. The support region 31 surrounds the grooves 30, with at least a portion of the support region 31 located between adjacent grooves 30 and connecting the edges of adjacent grooves 30. The support region 31 may comprise a flat surface. The support pillars 400 do not overlap with the orthographic projections of the grooves 30 of the first substrate 10 on the plane of the optical auxiliary substrate; however, the support pillars 400 and the orthographic projections of the support regions 31 of the first substrate 10 on the plane of the optical auxiliary substrate do overlap. For example, the orthographic projections of the surface of the support pillars 400 on the side closest to the first substrate 10 on the plane of the optical auxiliary substrate are located within the orthographic projection of the support regions 31 on the plane of the optical auxiliary substrate.

[0158] FIG18 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of another optical auxiliary substrate of an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In an exemplary embodiment, the structure of the optical auxiliary substrate of this exemplary embodiment is substantially the same as the structure of the optical auxiliary substrate shown in FIG14 , except that the groove 30 in the optical auxiliary substrate of this embodiment may include an inverted U-shape in a cross section perpendicular to the plane where the optical auxiliary substrate is located. The first surface 11 of the first substrate 10 also includes a support area 31, which is located on the bottom wall of the groove 30. The support column 400 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the support area 31 of the first substrate 10 on the plane where the optical auxiliary substrate is located. For example, the orthographic projection of the surface of the support column 400 close to the first substrate 10 on the plane where the optical auxiliary substrate is located is located in the orthographic projection of the support area 31 on the plane where the optical auxiliary substrate is located.

[0159] In an exemplary embodiment, at least one support column 400 extends deep into the groove 30 and overlaps with the orthographic projection of the groove 30 on the plane where the optical auxiliary substrate is located. For example, the orthographic projection of at least one support column 400 on the plane where the optical auxiliary substrate is located is located in the orthographic projection of the groove 30 on the plane where the optical auxiliary substrate is located.

[0160] In an exemplary embodiment, the support pillar 400 includes a first support layer 401 and a second support layer 402. The first support layer 401 may have an inverted trapezoidal shape in a cross-section perpendicular to the plane of the optical auxiliary substrate. The first support layer 401 is located on a side close to the first substrate 10. A first end of the first support layer 401 is in direct contact with the first insulating layer 61 on the first substrate 10, and a second end of the first support layer 401 is in direct contact with a first end of the second support layer 402. The second support layer 402 may have a right trapezoidal shape in a cross-section perpendicular to the plane of the optical auxiliary substrate. The second support layer 402 is located on a side close to the second substrate 20. A first end of the second support layer 402 is in direct contact with a second end of the first support layer 401, and a second end of the second support layer 402 is in direct contact with the second insulating layer 62 on the second substrate 20.

[0161] Figure 19 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In an exemplary embodiment, the structure of the optical auxiliary substrate of this exemplary embodiment is substantially the same as that of the optical auxiliary substrate shown in Figure 14 , except that, as shown in Figure 19 , the optical auxiliary substrate of this embodiment further includes a dielectric layer 33. The dielectric layer 33 fills the groove 30 and overlaps at least a portion of the orthographic projection of the liquid crystal layer 300 on the optical auxiliary substrate. At least a portion of the first electrode 51 is located on the side of the dielectric layer 33 that is closest to the liquid crystal layer 300. The side of the dielectric layer 33 that is distal to the liquid crystal layer 300 is in direct contact with the inner wall of the groove 30, while the side of the dielectric layer 33 that is closest to the liquid crystal layer 300 is in direct contact with the first electrode 51. The refractive index of the dielectric layer 33 is greater than that of the first substrate 10.

[0162] Figure 20 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In an exemplary embodiment, the structure of the optical auxiliary substrate according to this exemplary embodiment is substantially the same as that of the optical auxiliary substrate shown in Figure 14 , with the following differences: As shown in Figure 20 , in a plane perpendicular to the optical auxiliary substrate, the optical auxiliary substrate according to this embodiment has a second electrode 52 disposed on the side of the first substrate 10 proximal to the liquid crystal layer 300; a first organic dielectric layer 71 disposed on the side of the second electrode 52 proximal to the liquid crystal layer 300; a second insulating layer 62 disposed on the side of the first organic dielectric layer 71 proximal to the liquid crystal layer 300; and multiple sub-electrodes 80 of the second electrode 52 contact the inner wall of the groove 30 and are arranged at intervals along the contour of the inner wall of the groove 30. A first electrode 51 is disposed on the side of the second substrate 20 proximal to the liquid crystal layer 300; and a first insulating layer 61 disposed on the side of the first electrode 51 proximal to the liquid crystal layer 300.

[0163] In some embodiments, the first electrode is disposed on a side of the second substrate away from the liquid crystal layer.

[0164] In some embodiments, the second electrode is disposed on a side of the first substrate away from the liquid crystal layer.

[0165] FIG21 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of another optical auxiliary substrate of an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In an exemplary embodiment, the structure of the optical auxiliary substrate of the present exemplary embodiment is substantially the same as the structure of the optical auxiliary substrate shown in FIG20 , except that, as shown in FIG21 , the optical auxiliary substrate of the present embodiment further includes a dielectric layer 33, which fills the groove 30, and the dielectric layer 33 overlaps with at least a portion of the orthographic projection of the liquid crystal layer 300 on the optical auxiliary substrate, and at least a portion of the second electrode 52 is located on the side of the dielectric layer 33 close to the liquid crystal layer 300. The side of the dielectric layer 33 away from the liquid crystal layer 300 is in direct contact with the inner wall of the groove 30, and the side of the dielectric layer 33 close to the liquid crystal layer 300 is in direct contact with the second electrode 52. The refractive index of the dielectric layer 33 is greater than the refractive index of the first substrate 10.

[0166] Figure 22 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In an exemplary embodiment, the structure of the optical auxiliary substrate according to this exemplary embodiment is substantially the same as that of the optical auxiliary substrate shown in Figure 14 , with the difference being that, as shown in Figure 22 , the second electrode 52 of the optical auxiliary substrate according to this embodiment of the present disclosure is disposed on a surface of the second substrate 20 that is distal to the liquid crystal layer 300, in a plane perpendicular to the optical auxiliary substrate.

[0167] Figure 23 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In an exemplary embodiment, the structure of the optical auxiliary substrate according to this exemplary embodiment is substantially the same as that of the optical auxiliary substrate shown in Figure 14 , with the difference being that, as shown in Figure 23 , the first electrode 51 of the optical auxiliary substrate according to this embodiment of the present disclosure is disposed on a surface of the first substrate 10 facing away from the liquid crystal layer 300, in a plane perpendicular to the optical auxiliary substrate.

[0168] Figure 24 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another optical auxiliary substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In an exemplary embodiment, the structure of the optical auxiliary substrate according to this exemplary embodiment is substantially the same as that of the optical auxiliary substrate shown in Figure 14 , with the difference being that, as shown in Figure 24 , in a plane perpendicular to the optical auxiliary substrate, the second electrode 52 of the optical auxiliary substrate according to this embodiment of the disclosure is disposed on the surface of the second substrate 20 on the side away from the liquid crystal layer 300, and the first electrode 51 is disposed on the surface of the first substrate 10 on the side away from the liquid crystal layer 300.

[0169] The present disclosure also provides a display device comprising any of the aforementioned optical auxiliary substrates. The display device may be any product or component with a display function, such as a mobile phone, tablet computer, television, monitor, laptop computer, digital photo frame, or navigation system, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0170] Figure 25 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figure 25, the display device according to the present disclosure further includes a display substrate 40, which is disposed opposite an optical auxiliary substrate 50. The optical auxiliary substrate 50 is located on the light-emitting side of the display substrate 40. The display substrate 40 and the optical auxiliary substrate 50 cooperate to achieve light field display. The display substrate 40 may include at least one of a liquid crystal display substrate, an organic light-emitting semiconductor display substrate, a micro-LED display substrate, a mini-LED display substrate, and a silicon-based organic light-emitting semiconductor display substrate.

[0171] FIG26 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in FIG26 , the structure of the optical auxiliary substrate 50 in the display device according to the present disclosure is substantially the same as that of the optical auxiliary substrate shown in FIG14 , and the optical auxiliary substrate 50 and the display substrate 40 share the second base 20.

[0172] In an exemplary embodiment, the light emitting structure layer of the display substrate 40 is disposed on the side of the second substrate 20 away from the liquid crystal layer 300. For example, the display substrate 40 is a liquid crystal display substrate. The pixel electrodes and common electrodes of the display substrate 40, as well as the liquid crystal layer disposed between the pixel electrodes and the common electrode, are disposed on the side of the second substrate 20 away from the liquid crystal layer 300.

[0173] In an exemplary embodiment, the display device of the present disclosure further includes a first polarizer 73 and a second polarizer 74. The first polarizer 73 is disposed on the side of the second electrode 52 close to the second substrate 20. The first polarizer 73 is in direct contact with the second substrate 20, and a second organic medium layer 72 is disposed between the first polarizer 73 and the second electrode 52. The second polarizer 74 is disposed on the side of the display substrate 40 away from the optical auxiliary substrate 50.

[0174] FIG27 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in FIG27 , the structure of the optical auxiliary substrate 50 in the display device according to the present disclosure is substantially the same as that of the optical auxiliary substrate shown in FIG14 , and the optical auxiliary substrate 50 and the display substrate 40 share the second base 20.

[0175] In an exemplary embodiment, the light emitting structure layer of the display substrate 40 is disposed on the side of the second substrate 20 away from the liquid crystal layer 300. For example, the display substrate 40 is a liquid crystal display substrate. The pixel electrodes and common electrodes of the display substrate 40, as well as the liquid crystal layer disposed between the pixel electrodes and the common electrode, are disposed on the side of the second substrate 20 away from the liquid crystal layer 300.

[0176] In an exemplary embodiment, the second electrode 52 of the optical auxiliary substrate includes a polarizing material, and the second electrode 52 may serve as a first polarizer 73 of the display device.

[0177] In an exemplary embodiment, the display device of the present disclosure further includes a second polarizer 74 , which is disposed on a side of the display substrate 40 away from the optical auxiliary substrate 50 .

[0178] Figure 28 is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a second electrode of another display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In this exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figure 28 , the second electrode 52 of the optical auxiliary substrate is made of a polarizing material and can function as the first polarizer 73 of the display device. The second electrode 52 includes a plurality of sub-electrodes 80, each of which is linear and extends along a second direction D2. The plurality of sub-electrodes 80 are arranged in an intermittent manner along the first direction D1, and the plurality of sub-electrodes 80 can be interconnected to receive the same second electrical signal.

[0179] It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that all or some of the steps, systems, and functional modules / units in the methods disclosed above may be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, and appropriate combinations thereof. In hardware implementations, the division between the functional modules / units mentioned in the above description does not necessarily correspond to the division of physical components; for example, a physical component may have multiple functions, or a function or step may be performed by several physical components in cooperation. Some or all components may be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a digital signal processor or a microprocessor, or implemented as hardware, or implemented as an integrated circuit, such as an application-specific integrated circuit. Such software may be distributed on a computer-readable medium, which may include a computer storage medium (or non-transitory medium) and a communication medium (or temporary medium). As is well known to those skilled in the art, the term computer storage medium includes volatile and non-volatile, removable, and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storing information (such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data). Computer storage media include, but are not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disks (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store the desired information and can be accessed by a computer. In addition, it is well known to those skilled in the art that communication media generally embodies computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, and may include any information delivery media.

Claims

1. An optical auxiliary substrate, characterized in that, It includes a display area, and the display area includes a first substrate and a second substrate which are oppositely arranged, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; a surface of one of the first substrate and the second substrate close to the liquid crystal layer side includes at least one groove, and at least part of the liquid crystal layer overlaps with the positive projection of the at least one groove on the optical auxiliary substrate.

2. The optical auxiliary substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least part of the liquid crystal layer fills the at least one groove.

3. The optical auxiliary substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a dielectric layer, the dielectric layer fills the at least one groove, at least part of the liquid crystal layer overlaps with the positive projection of the dielectric layer on the optical auxiliary substrate, and the refractive index of the dielectric layer is greater than the refractive index of the substrate where the at least one groove is located.

4. The optical auxiliary substrate according to claim 1, wherein, It further includes a non-display area surrounding the display area, the non-display area includes a first substrate and a second substrate which are oppositely arranged, and a sealing structure disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, and the sealing structure surrounds the display area.

5. The optical auxiliary substrate according to claim 4, wherein The non-display area further includes a sensor, and the sensor is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate.

6. The optical auxiliary substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The outer contour of the cross-section of the at least one groove perpendicular to the optical auxiliary substrate includes at least one of an arcuate shape, a U shape, and an inverted U shape.

7. The optical auxiliary substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that On a plane parallel to the optical auxiliary substrate, the shape of the at least one groove includes at least one of a long strip shape, a circular shape, a rectangular shape, an oval shape, a hexagonal shape, and an octagonal shape.

8. The optical auxiliary substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The display area includes a plurality of grooves, and the plurality of grooves are arranged at intervals along a first direction to form groove rows, and the plurality of groove rows are arranged at intervals along a second direction. The centers of the plurality of grooves arranged in the first direction are substantially flush, and the centers of the plurality of grooves arranged in the second direction are substantially flush; or, the centers of the plurality of grooves arranged in the first direction are substantially flush, and the centers of the plurality of grooves arranged in the second direction are staggered from each other; or, the centers of the plurality of grooves arranged in the first direction are staggered from each other, and the centers of the plurality of grooves arranged in the second direction are substantially flush; the first direction and the second direction are both parallel to the optical auxiliary substrate, and the first direction intersects with the second direction.

9. The optical auxiliary substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, It further includes a plurality of support columns, and the plurality of support columns are disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate of the display area. The plurality of support columns are arranged at intervals along a direction parallel to the optical auxiliary substrate, and the liquid crystal layer is disposed between adjacent support columns.

10. The optical auxiliary substrate according to claim 9, wherein A surface of one of the first substrate and the second substrate close to the liquid crystal layer side includes a support area, and the support area overlaps with the positive projection of the support column on the plane where the optical auxiliary substrate is located, and the support area does not overlap with the positive projection of the at least one groove on the plane where the optical auxiliary substrate is located; or, the support area is located on the inner surface of the at least one groove.

11. The optical auxiliary substrate according to claim 10, wherein On a direction parallel to the optical auxiliary substrate, the shape of the support area includes at least one of a long strip shape, a grid shape, and a block shape.

12. The optical auxiliary substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The display region further includes a first electrode and a second electrode. The first electrode and the second electrode are disposed on opposite sides of the liquid crystal layer in the thickness direction of the optical auxiliary substrate, and there is an overlap in the orthographic projection of the first electrode, the second electrode, and the liquid crystal layer on the plane where the optical auxiliary substrate is located.

13. The optical auxiliary substrate according to claim 12, wherein The surface of the first substrate close to the liquid crystal layer is provided with the at least one groove, and at least a part of the first electrode overlaps with the at least one groove in the orthographic projection on the plane where the optical auxiliary substrate is located. The first electrode is disposed on the side of the first substrate close to the liquid crystal layer; alternatively, the first electrode is disposed on the side of the first substrate away from the liquid crystal layer; alternatively, the first electrode is disposed on the side of the second substrate close to the liquid crystal layer; alternatively, the first electrode is disposed on the side of the second substrate away from the liquid crystal layer.

14. The optical auxiliary substrate according to claim 12, wherein The surface of the first substrate close to the liquid crystal layer is provided with the at least one groove, and at least a part of the second electrode overlaps with the at least one groove in the orthographic projection on the plane where the optical auxiliary substrate is located. The second electrode is disposed on the side of the first substrate close to the liquid crystal layer; alternatively, the second electrode is disposed on the side of the first substrate away from the liquid crystal layer; alternatively, the second electrode is disposed on the side of the second substrate close to the liquid crystal layer; alternatively, the second electrode is disposed on the side of the second substrate away from the liquid crystal layer.

15. The optical auxiliary substrate according to claim 12, wherein It further includes an organic dielectric layer. The organic dielectric layer is disposed on the side of the second electrode close to the liquid crystal layer, and the organic dielectric layer is in direct contact with the second electrode.

16. The optical auxiliary substrate according to claim 12, wherein The second electrode includes a plurality of sub-electrodes. The shape of the sub-electrodes includes a line shape extending along a second direction, and the plurality of sub-electrodes are arranged at intervals along a first direction; alternatively, the second electrode includes a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer that are insulated from each other. The second electrode layer is located on the side of the first electrode layer close to the liquid crystal layer. The first electrode layer includes a plurality of first sub-electrodes. The shape of the first sub-electrodes includes a line shape extending along a second direction, and the plurality of first sub-electrodes are arranged at intervals along a first direction. The second electrode layer includes a plurality of second sub-electrodes. The shape of the second sub-electrodes includes a line shape extending along the first direction, and the plurality of second sub-electrodes are arranged at intervals along the second direction; alternatively, the second electrode includes a plurality of sub-electrodes. The shape of the sub-electrodes includes a line shape extending along a second direction, and the plurality of sub-electrodes are arranged at intervals along a first direction to form sub-electrode rows, and the plurality of sub-electrode rows are arranged at intervals along the second direction; the first direction and the second direction are both parallel to the optical auxiliary substrate, and the first direction intersects with the second direction.

17. The optical auxiliary substrate according to claim 12, wherein The second electrode includes a first sub-electrode and a plurality of second sub-electrodes. The shape of the first sub-electrode includes a circle, and the shape of the second sub-electrodes includes an annular shape. The first sub-electrode and the plurality of second sub-electrodes are concentrically arranged, and the diameters of adjacent second sub-electrodes are different.

18. The optical auxiliary substrate according to claim 17, wherein The line widths of adjacent second sub-electrodes are the same or different.

19. The optical assist substrate according to claim 12, wherein, The display area includes a plurality of sub-display areas, each of the plurality of sub-display areas includes a first electrode and a second electrode, the first electrodes of one sub-display area are input with the same first electrical signal, and the second electrodes of one sub-display area are input with the same second electrical signal.

20. The optical auxiliary substrate according to claim 19, wherein One sub-display area includes a groove; alternatively, a plurality of sub-display areas share one groove.

21. The optical auxiliary substrate according to claim 4, wherein One surface of the first substrate close to the liquid crystal layer includes a first area, a second area, and a third area. The first area is located in the display area, the first area includes at least one groove, the second area surrounds the first area, and there is an overlap between the second area and the positive projection of the sealing structure on the plane of the optical auxiliary substrate. The third area surrounds the second area, and there is no overlap between the third area and the positive projection of the sealing structure on the plane of the optical auxiliary substrate.

22. The optical auxiliary substrate according to claim 9, wherein One surface of the first substrate close to the liquid crystal layer includes a first area, a second area, and a support area. The first area is located in the display area, the first area includes at least one groove, and a plurality of first areas are arranged at intervals to form a first area array. The second area is arranged around the periphery of the first area array, and a sealing structure is arranged on the second area. The support area is located between adjacent first areas, and there is an overlap between the support area and the positive projection of the support column on the plane of the optical auxiliary substrate.

23. A display device, characterized in that, Comprising the optical auxiliary substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 22.

24. The display device according to claim 23, characterized in that, Further comprising a display substrate disposed opposite to the optical auxiliary substrate. One surface of the first substrate close to the liquid crystal layer includes at least one groove, and the optical auxiliary substrate and the display substrate share the second substrate.

25. The display device according to claim 24, characterized in that, Further comprising a polarizer. The optical auxiliary substrate further includes a second electrode, the second electrode is disposed on one side of the second substrate close to the liquid crystal layer, and the polarizer is disposed on one side of the second electrode close to the second substrate.

26. The display device according to claim 24, wherein The optical auxiliary substrate further includes a second electrode, the second electrode is disposed on one side of the second substrate close to the liquid crystal layer, and the second electrode includes a polarizing material.

27. The display device according to claim 26, characterized in that, The second electrode includes a plurality of sub-electrodes, the shape of the sub-electrodes includes linear, and the plurality of sub-electrodes are connected to each other.

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