Antenna array and antenna device

Abstract

An antenna array and an antenna device, which belong to the technical field of antennas, aiming to expand the signal coverage range of indoor antennas. The antenna array comprises: a first substrate and a plurality of antenna elements, wherein the plurality of antenna elements are arrayed in a single first direction. Each antenna element comprises at least one radiation unit, wherein the radiation unit comprises a plurality of radiation arms, the plurality of radiation arms being arranged in the first direction on the same side of the first substrate and symmetrically distributed in a second direction, the second direction being orthogonal to the first direction. The first substrate is orthogonal to the end face of the antenna device where the antenna array is located.

Description

Antenna array and antenna device Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna array and an antenna device. Background Art

[0002] With the large-scale deployment of indoor wireless communication networks, it is generally necessary to deploy antennas indoors. When deploying antennas indoors, it is necessary to consider the coverage range of the indoor antennas.

[0003] Overview

[0004] The present disclosure provides an antenna array, comprising:

[0005] a first substrate;

[0006] A plurality of antenna elements are arranged along a single first direction; wherein the antenna element includes at least one radiating element, and the radiating element includes a plurality of radiating arms, the plurality of radiating arms are arranged along the first direction on the same side of the first substrate and symmetrically distributed along a second direction, the second direction being orthogonal to the first direction;

[0007] The first substrate is orthogonal to the end surface of the antenna device where the antenna array is located.

[0008] Exemplarily, the antenna element includes two radiating units, and the two radiating units are arranged in the second direction.

[0009] Exemplarily, the antenna element includes two radiating units, and the two radiating units are symmetrically arranged along a midline of the first substrate in the first direction; or,

[0010] The antenna element includes a radiation unit, and the symmetry axis of the radiation arm included in the radiation unit is coaxial with the center line.

[0011] Exemplarily, the antenna array further includes a power division structure, which is respectively coupled to the radiation units of the plurality of antenna elements.

[0012] Exemplarily, the power division structure includes:

[0013] Input port;

[0014] a transmission line connected to the input port;

[0015] A plurality of output ports are connected to different positions of the transmission line, and the plurality of output ports are respectively coupled to the radiation units in the plurality of antenna elements;

[0016] The sum of the length of the transmission line between two adjacent output ports and the spacing between each two adjacent antenna elements in the first direction is N times the working wavelength, where the working wavelength is the wavelength of the center frequency of the antenna element, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0017] Exemplarily, the antenna element includes two radiating units, and the two radiating units are arranged in the second direction;

[0018] Wherein, within the same antenna element, the transmission line is routed in the gap between two radiating units.

[0019] Exemplarily, within the same antenna element, the two radiation units are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the transmission line.

[0020] Exemplarily, the transmission line is bent in the first direction.

[0021] Exemplarily, the transmission line includes at least one bend, and the bend is located in a gap between two adjacent antenna elements.

[0022] Exemplarily, it comprises a plurality of the bends, and the plurality of the bends constitute an axially symmetrical figure and / or a centrally symmetrical figure, and the axis of symmetry of the axially symmetrical figure comprises the axis in the first direction and / or the axis in the second direction.

[0023] Exemplarily, it comprises a plurality of the bends, the plurality of the bends are all located in the same gap, and the plurality of the antenna elements are symmetrically distributed on opposite sides of the bend.

[0024] An antenna device is also provided, including:

[0025] A cylindrical outer cover;

[0026] and, at least one antenna array according to any one of the exemplary embodiments located within the housing;

[0027] Wherein, the first substrate in the antenna array is orthogonal to the end surface of the outer cover.

[0028] Exemplarily, an antenna array is included, wherein the antenna element in the antenna array includes two radiating units, and the two radiating units are symmetrically distributed on opposite sides of the axis of the outer cover.

[0029] Exemplarily, a plurality of antenna arrays are included, wherein:

[0030] The plurality of antenna arrays are arranged along the circumference of the outer cover, and the first direction of the array of the plurality of antenna elements included in each antenna array is parallel to the axial direction of the outer cover.

[0031] Exemplarily, the outer cover includes a first antenna array and a second antenna array, wherein the first antenna array and the second antenna array are orthogonal.

[0032] Exemplarily, the first direction in which the antenna elements in the first antenna array are arranged and the first direction in which the plurality of antenna elements in the second antenna array are arranged are both the axial direction of the outer cover.

[0033] Exemplarily, in a radial direction of the housing, there is a gap between the first antenna array and the second antenna array.

[0034] Exemplarily, the first direction in which the antenna elements in the first antenna array are arranged is the axial direction of the outer cover, and the first direction in which the antenna elements in the second antenna array are arranged is the circumferential direction of the outer cover.

[0035] Exemplarily, the antenna device further includes:

[0036] a reflective plate connected to one end of the outer cover;

[0037] The reflector is orthogonal to the first substrate in the antenna array.

[0038] Exemplarily, the antenna device comprises a plurality of antenna arrays, and further comprises a second substrate, wherein the second substrate is connected to the outer cover; wherein,

[0039] The second substrate includes a plurality of first signal ports, and different first signal ports are connected to input ports of power division structures on different antenna arrays; or,

[0040] The second substrate includes a second signal port, and the second signal port is respectively connected to the input ports of the power division structures on the plurality of antenna arrays.

[0041] The antenna array disclosed herein includes a first substrate and multiple antenna elements arranged along a single first direction. Each antenna element includes at least one radiating unit, each comprising multiple radiating arms. The radiating arms are located on the same side of the first substrate, arranged along the first direction, and symmetrically distributed along a second direction, which is orthogonal to the first direction. The first substrate can be orthogonal to the end face of the antenna device in which the antenna array is located. This allows the signal waves radiated by the multiple antenna elements to cover a wider range, thereby improving the signal coverage of the antenna device in which they are located.

[0042] Since the radiation units of multiple antenna arrays are consistent with the array direction of the antenna arrays, the radiation range of the antenna array can be expanded when the antenna array is applied to indoor wireless communications.

[0043] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present disclosure. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present disclosure, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present disclosure more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present disclosure are listed below.

[0044] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure or related technologies, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or related technologies. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without inventive efforts. It should be noted that the scales in the drawings are for illustration only and do not represent the actual scale.

[0046] FIG1 shows a side plan view of an antenna array according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0047] FIG2 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the antenna array shown in FIG1 ;

[0048] Figures 3 and 4 show schematic top plan views of two antenna arrays, respectively;

[0049] FIG5a-FIG5b respectively show side plan views of two other antenna arrays according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0050] FIG6 shows a schematic top view of another antenna array;

[0051] 7a-7d are schematic top plan views of four antenna arrays according to embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0052] FIG8 shows a schematic top plan view of an antenna array A in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0053] FIG9 is a schematic diagram showing the S11 parameters of the antenna array A;

[0054] Figure 10 shows the Theta = 60° out-of-circularity of antenna array A;

[0055] FIG11 shows the vertical plane pattern of the antenna array A;

[0056] FIG12 shows a schematic top plan view of an antenna array B in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0057] FIG13 shows the vertical plane pattern of antenna array B;

[0058] FIG14 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an antenna device;

[0059] FIG15 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of yet another antenna device;

[0060] FIG16 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of yet another antenna device;

[0061] FIG17 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an antenna device;

[0062] FIG18 a shows a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the antenna device of FIG18 b in the AA direction;

[0063] FIG18b shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the antenna device of FIG18a;

[0064] FIG19 a shows a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of yet another antenna device;

[0065] FIG19 b shows a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the antenna device of FIG19 a along the AA direction;

[0066] FIG20 a shows a schematic cross-sectional view of yet another antenna device;

[0067] FIG20 b shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the antenna device of FIG20 a ;

[0068] FIG21 shows a vertical plane pattern of an antenna device C in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0069] FIG. 22 shows a vertical plane pattern of the antenna device D in the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0070] Detailed description

[0071] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present disclosure without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0072] With the large-scale deployment of indoor wireless communication networks, especially 5G antennas, indoor antennas are needed to ensure adequate signal coverage. These antennas must be miniaturized, multi-band, environmentally friendly, and aesthetically pleasing. In particular, they must have a wide coverage area to meet the needs of indoor communication devices.

[0073] In view of this, the inventors of the present disclosure have proposed an antenna array with a large coverage range for indoor signal reception and transmission. The antenna array has the characteristics of small appearance size and large coverage range. Specifically, the antenna array is realized by multiple antenna arrays arrayed in a single first direction, each antenna array includes at least one radiating unit, and the radiating unit includes multiple symmetrical radiating arms arranged in the first direction. Thus, each antenna array can constitute a dipole antenna, thereby expanding the radiation range of the antenna array.

[0074] 1 and 2 , FIG1 shows a schematic side plan view of an antenna array, and FIG2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the antenna array shown in FIG1 . As shown in FIG1 and 2 , the antenna array in this example includes: a first substrate 10 and a plurality of antenna elements 20;

[0075] Among them, multiple antenna arrays 20 are arranged along a first direction, the antenna array includes at least one radiating unit 30, and the radiating unit 30 may include multiple radiating arms 31. The multiple radiating arms are located on the same side of the first substrate and are arranged along the first direction and symmetrically distributed along the second direction, and the second direction is orthogonal to the first direction; wherein the first substrate is orthogonal to the end face of the antenna device where the antenna array is located.

[0076] In this example, the antenna array includes multiple antenna elements. Each antenna element can be considered a subunit of the antenna array, and multiple antenna elements are combined to form an antenna array. In practice, the number of antenna elements is two, three, or more. The array is arranged along a first direction, which can be understood as multiple antenna elements arranged in columns to form an antenna array. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, when the antenna array is installed indoors, if it is installed on the floor or ceiling, the first direction can be perpendicular to the ceiling. If it is installed on a wall, the first direction can be perpendicular to the wall.

[0077] In this example, each antenna array includes at least one radiating unit. Specifically, different antenna arrays may include the same number of radiating units. Furthermore, the radiating unit includes multiple radiating arms, such as two radiating arms. The multiple radiating arms may be located on the same side of the first substrate. It should be noted that the radiating arms of all antenna arrays are located on the same side of the first substrate, arranged along the first direction and symmetrical along the second direction. Thus, multiple radiating arms arranged in a single direction are formed in the first direction of the first substrate.

[0078] Among them, the radiation units in different antenna arrays all have the same number of radiation arms, such as two radiation arms; wherein the radiation arms can be formed of metal materials, such as copper. Specifically, the radiation arms can be radiation patches attached to the first substrate, and the shape of the radiation arms can be symmetrical figures such as regular polygons, circles, and ellipses. There is no special restriction on the shape of the radiation arms. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the radiation arms are long strip-shaped radiation patches. This example also does not limit the size of the radiation arms. In practice, the size of the radiation arms can be determined according to the frequency of the signal to be transmitted and received by the antenna array. Generally speaking, the higher the frequency, the smaller the size of the radiation arms, and the lower the frequency, the larger the size of the radiation arms. In this example, the operating frequency band of the antenna array is not limited to 2.3GHz-2.4GHz, 3.3GHz-3.4GHz, etc.; in this case, the extended length of the radiation arm can be 0.3 to 0.5 times the center wavelength of the operating frequency band.

[0079] Among them, for the first substrate, it can be made of insulating material, such as the material of the first substrate includes any one of epoxy resin composite material, polytetrafluoroethylene material, ceramic, and glass; specifically, it can be epoxy resin composite material, which has better insulation performance and is environmentally friendly and safe, and can reduce indoor environmental pollution; of course, in some examples, the first substrate can also be air, which can reduce the loss of the antenna array.

[0080] In some examples, the shape of the first substrate may be conformal to the shape of the radiating arm in the antenna element, or may be non-conformal, such as both being rectangular, or the radiating arm being circular while the first substrate is rectangular, or the radiating arm being rectangular while the first substrate is circular.

[0081] The radiating elements comprise multiple radiating arms symmetrically distributed along the second direction, thereby enabling the antenna array to form a dipole antenna and possess the characteristics of a dipole antenna. As shown in Figure 1 , the antenna array comprises one radiating element, each of which comprises two radiating arms, and the two radiating arms are symmetrical along the second direction.

[0082] When the two radiating arms are symmetrical along the second direction, the radiation range of the antenna array in the second direction can be increased. In other words, the radiation range on the plane where the end face is located can be expanded, thereby expanding the coverage range of the antenna array. For example, when the antenna array is mounted on the ceiling, the antenna array can cover a larger room area on the horizontal plane of the room.

[0083] Among them, since multiple radiation arms are located on the same side of the first substrate, in practice, the radiation surfaces of the multiple radiation arms can be coplanar. The coplanarity means that the radiation surfaces of the multiple radiation arms are located on the same plane, which is the plane where the first substrate is located. In the case of a plane, it can be a vertical plane or a horizontal plane. When the multiple radiation arms are coplanar, it can avoid the problem of interference between the radiation signals when the radiation surfaces of the radiation arms are not located on the same plane, which affects the coverage range. At the same time, the size of the antenna array can be reduced.

[0084] Among them, the first substrate can be orthogonal to the end face of the antenna device where the antenna array is located, and the antenna device can be a cylindrical structure, and the end face 50 where it is located can be the plane where one end of the cylindrical structure is located, as shown in Figure 1. For example, when the antenna array is installed on the ceiling, the end face is a horizontal plane, then the first substrate is perpendicular to the ceiling, multiple antenna elements are arrayed in the vertical direction, and multiple radiating arms are also arranged in the vertical direction; when the antenna array is installed on the wall, the end face is the vertical plane where the wall is located, then the first substrate is perpendicular to the wall and parallel to the ceiling, multiple antenna elements are arrayed in the horizontal direction, and multiple radiating arms are also arranged in the horizontal direction.

[0085] In this example, the radiating arm can be attached to the first substrate, such as pasted to the first substrate, or the first substrate can also be made of air. In this case, the first substrate is a virtual substrate. In this case, the radiating arm can be fixed and connected by a plastic bracket, such as a snap, etc. It is only necessary to ensure that the above-mentioned antenna array is arranged in the first direction, and multiple radiating arms are arranged along the first direction and symmetrical along the second direction. This antenna array that does not use a dielectric substrate can reduce losses and optimize the performance of the antenna array.

[0086] Using the antenna array of this example, since multiple antenna elements are arranged along the first direction, and the multiple radiating arms included in the antenna element are arranged along the first direction and symmetrical along the second direction, the antenna element can have the characteristics of a dipole antenna, thereby expanding the coverage range of the antenna array on the surface where the end face is located.

[0087] In some examples, the antenna array may also include two radiating units. In this case, referring to Figure 3, a top-down schematic diagram of another antenna array is shown. As shown in Figure 3, each antenna array includes two radiating units 30, and the two radiating units are arranged in the second direction 30.

[0088] As shown in FIG3 , when the antenna array includes two radiating units, it may include four radiating arms, which may be arranged in an array in a first direction and a second direction. This improves the symmetry of the antenna array and ensures that the radiation intensity in all directions is balanced.

[0089] In another example, the antenna array may include two radiating units, which are symmetrically arranged along the midline of the first substrate in the first direction, or the antenna array includes one radiating unit, and the symmetry axis of the radiating arm included in the radiating unit is coaxial with the midline.

[0090] In this example, when two radiating units are included, since the two radiating units are arranged in the second direction, multiple radiating arms can be arranged in an array in the second direction and the first direction. Furthermore, the two radiating units can be symmetrically distributed along the center line of the first substrate in the first direction, thereby improving the symmetry of the antenna array.

[0091] For example, the first substrate is rectangular and has a centerline, which can be a centerline along the first direction. In this case, the multiple radiating arms of each antenna element can be arranged along the second direction and the first direction. The multiple radiating arms need to be symmetrical along both the first and second directions. When they are symmetrical along the first direction, they can be symmetrically distributed along the centerline of the first substrate. For example, as shown in FIG3 , the first substrate is rectangular and has a centerline in the first direction. It includes two antenna elements, each of which includes two radiating elements, for a total of four radiating arms. The four radiating arms are symmetrically distributed along the centerline of the first substrate, which can be represented by the vertical dashed line in FIG3 .

[0092] In other examples, as shown in FIG4 , which illustrates a top plan view of another antenna array, the antenna element in the antenna array may include a radiating unit, wherein the radiating arm included in the radiating unit may be axially symmetric along the centerline of the first substrate. In this case, the radiating arm may be an axially symmetric figure, with its axis of symmetry coaxial with the centerline of the first substrate. Thus, multiple radiating arms may be arranged along the centerline of the first substrate. This symmetry can optimize the signal radiation quality of the antenna.

[0093] In some examples, at least two antenna elements among the plurality of antenna elements are axially symmetric along the second direction.

[0094] In this example, the antenna elements that are axisymmetric along the second direction can be adjacent antenna elements or non-adjacent antenna elements. Specifically, among multiple antenna elements, each adjacent pair of antenna elements can be axisymmetric along the second direction, or only some of the antenna elements can be axisymmetric along the second direction. Of course, when each adjacent pair of antenna elements are axisymmetric along the second direction, this can reduce the difficulty of routing transmission lines between sub-arrays and improve signal coverage uniformity across various areas of the room.

[0095] 5a-5b, side plan views of two antenna arrays are shown. As shown in FIG5a, three antenna elements are included, each of which includes two radiating arms, and the two radiating arms are arranged along a first direction. Among the three antenna elements, every two adjacent antenna elements are symmetrical along a second direction, such as antenna element 201 and antenna element 202 are symmetrical along the second direction, and antenna element 202 and antenna element 203 are also symmetrical along the second direction.

[0096] As shown in Figure 5b, three antenna arrays are included, each antenna array includes two radiating units, and the two radiating units are symmetrical along the first direction. Among the three antenna arrays, two adjacent antenna arrays are not symmetrical along the second direction, and a group of antenna arrays at the two ends are symmetrical along the second direction. For example, antenna array 204 and antenna array are symmetrical along the second direction 206, but antenna array 204 and the adjacent antenna array 205 are not symmetrical along the second direction.

[0097] In practice, Figure 5b only shows one symmetrical case. When the antenna array includes three or more antenna elements, the two antenna elements separated by one antenna element may be symmetrical. For example, in the first direction, the multiple antenna elements are numbered in order of arrangement, the even-numbered antenna elements are symmetrical along the second direction, the odd-numbered antenna elements are symmetrical along the second direction, but adjacent antenna elements are asymmetrical.

[0098] Of course, in some examples, in order to improve the radiation range, the symmetry axes of the radiation arms included in the radiation units in the multiple antenna elements can be coaxial, so that every two adjacent antenna elements are symmetrical along the second direction.

[0099] By adopting the above example, the aesthetics of the antenna array can be improved. At the same time, through the symmetrical structural design, the performance of the dipole antenna can be achieved and the signal coverage range can be improved.

[0100] In some examples, the antenna array further includes a power division structure, which can be coupled to the radiation units of the plurality of antenna elements respectively.

[0101] The power splitting structure may be coplanar with the radiation planes of the multiple radiation arms, or the power splitting structure may not be coplanar with the radiation planes of the multiple radiation arms. In the case of non-coplanarity, the plane where the power splitting structure is located may be parallel to the plane where the radiation arms are located.

[0102] In this example, the radiation surfaces of the multiple radiation arms are located on the first substrate. The power division structure can be located on the first substrate when it is on the same plane as the radiation arm; or, the power division structure can be on a different plane from the radiation arm, but the plane where the power division structure is located can be parallel to the first substrate. In this case, the space occupied by the entire antenna array can be reduced, and the wiring layout of the power division structure can be simplified. Specifically, if the power division structure and the radiation arm are on the first substrate, the power division structure and the radiation arm can be contact-coupled, such as the output port of the power division structure is electrically connected to the radiation arm, as shown in Figures 1 and 2. In another example, if the power division structure and the radiation arm are on two parallel planes, the power division structure and the radiation arm can be fed through a slot or a probe.

[0103] Among them, the power division structure can be routed along the first direction. Specifically, as shown in Figure 1, when the multiple radiating arms in the antenna array are symmetrical along the second direction, the power division structure can be routed on the same side of the multiple antenna arrays; as shown in Figure 3, when the multiple radiating arms 30 in the antenna array are symmetrical along the first direction and the second direction, the power division structure can be routed between the gaps between the multiple radiating arms. Of course, in this case, the power division structure can still be routed on the same side of the multiple antenna arrays; or, it can also be routed on opposite sides of the antenna array, which is not limited here.

[0104] In which, the power division structure 40 may include an input port 41 and multiple output ports 42, wherein the input port is used to receive an external input signal, and the external input signal can be fed into the antenna array through multiple output ports 42, wherein different output ports 42 are coupled with radiation patches in different antenna arrays, and the coupling can be coupling, that is, the output port and the radiation patch are electrically connected through a metal wire, such as a probe electrical connection, or the coupling can be slot coupling, such as the output port feeds the radiation patch through a coupling slot.

[0105] The wiring and the radiation arm of the power splitter structure may be made of the same metal, or may be made of different metals.

[0106] In some examples, a power splitter structure can be used to achieve equal-amplitude, in-phase feeding. Specifically, one implementation method is to ensure that the length of the trace from the input port 41 of the power splitter structure to each radiating element is consistent, such as the length to each output port is consistent. This can ensure that the loss of the signal from the input port to each output port is consistent, thereby achieving equal-amplitude, in-phase feeding. However, this method increases the difficulty of routing and requires more space for the transmission line layout.

[0107] In an exemplary embodiment of this example, multiple output ports 42 can be connected to different locations on the same transmission line, and inter-element phase control can be achieved by adjusting the spacing between antenna elements and the length of the power splitter structure. As shown in FIG1 , the power splitter structure includes an input port 41, a transmission line 43, and multiple output ports 42. The transmission line is connected to the input port; the multiple output ports are connected to different locations on the transmission line, and the multiple output ports are respectively coupled to the radiating elements in the multiple antenna elements.

[0108] The transmission line length may refer to the length of a section of the transmission line from the input end to the output port of the power splitter structure. In this example, the sum of the transmission line length and the spacing S1 between two adjacent antenna elements in the first direction is N times the operating wavelength, where the operating wavelength is the wavelength of the center frequency of the antenna element, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0109] Specifically, for two adjacent antenna elements, the sum of the routing length of the transmission line between the output ports corresponding to the two adjacent antenna elements and the spacing between the two adjacent antenna elements is N times the working wavelength, thereby achieving the purpose of in-phase feeding.

[0110] Among them, the length of the transmission line is related to the input loss of the signal. The loss of the signal on the transmission line is reflected as the phase difference between the antenna elements. When the sum of the length of the transmission line and the distance between two adjacent antenna elements is N times the working wavelength, the phase difference brought by the transmission line can be modulated by the distance between the antenna elements. For example, the superposition of the length of the line and the distance between the antenna elements is N wavelengths, and the phase just reaches the position of one wavelength. Therefore, the phases of the two can be modulated to be in phase.

[0111] For example, there are two antenna elements, the length of the transmission line is close to 0.5 times the working wavelength, and the spacing between the two antenna elements in the first direction is close to 0.5 times the working wavelength. In this way, the sum of the two is 1 working wavelength, so that the signal fed into one antenna element is exactly one wavelength different from the signal fed into the other antenna element, thereby realizing the feeding of the same-phase signal.

[0112] In this example, the spacing between antenna elements in the first direction may refer to the spacing between the centers of the radiating arms of the antenna elements arranged in the first direction. As shown in FIG1 , when more than two antenna elements are included, the multiple antenna elements may be arranged with equal spacing or unequal spacing. FIG5a and FIG5b illustrate the unequal spacing. Regardless of whether the spacing is equal or unequal, for example, the sum of the spacing between two adjacent antenna elements in the first direction and the length of the transmission line between the adjacent antenna elements is N times the operating wavelength. Thus, for example, the spacing S1 approaches 0.5 times the operating wavelength, and the length of the transmission line also approaches 0.5 times the operating wavelength.

[0113] Of course, in practice, the spacing between antenna elements can be 0.4 to 0.5 times the operating wavelength. In practice, the length of the transmission line can be 0.5 to 0.6 times the operating wavelength. For example, if the spacing between antenna elements is 0.4 times the operating wavelength, the length of the transmission line can be 0.6 times the operating wavelength. If the spacing between antenna elements is 0.6 times the operating wavelength, the length of the transmission line can be 0.4 times the operating wavelength.

[0114] In one example, the spacing S1 between antenna elements may be greater than the spacing between radiating arms in the antenna elements.

[0115] In which case, when the antenna array includes multiple radiating elements, such as two radiating elements, and the two radiating elements can be arranged in the second direction, the transmission line of the power splitting structure can be routed in the gap between the radiating elements. For example, within the same antenna array, the transmission line is routed in the gap between two adjacent radiating arms in the second direction. As shown in Figure 5b, each antenna array includes four radiating arms, and the four radiating arms are arranged in the second direction and the first direction. The transmission line can be routed between two adjacent radiating arms in the second direction, thereby providing radiating arms on both sides of the transmission line. This arrangement helps to expand the coverage range of the antenna array and reduce the phase difference between the radiating elements.

[0116] In a further embodiment of this example, within a single antenna element, multiple radiating arms can be symmetrically distributed on either side of the transmission line. For example, if four radiating arms are included, the four radiating arms are symmetrically distributed relative to the transmission line. For each antenna element, the radiating arms included therein can be symmetrically distributed relative to the transmission line of the power splitter structure. This ensures that the distance from the power splitter structure's transmission line to each radiating arm in the antenna element is the same, and their signal losses are naturally the same. This further ensures that the multiple radiating arms of the antenna element are fed with equal amplitude and phase, thereby ensuring signal quality and optimizing the antenna performance of the antenna array.

[0117] In some embodiments, the transmission line of the power splitter structure can be routed in a straight line in the antenna array. As shown in Figure 1, it is a straight line routed in the first direction. In practice, the phase of the antenna array can be controlled by adjusting the length of the route of the power splitter structure. Therefore, in some examples, in order to achieve the required route length, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the transmission line of the power splitter structure can be bent along the first direction.

[0118] In one example, the meandering routing may include a transmission line of a power splitter structure extending along a first direction and bending in a wavy or zigzag shape in the first direction. For example, the wavy routing may be a simpler design process, and a zigzag routing design may be selected based on the difficulty of the process.

[0119] In another example, referring to FIG6 , which illustrates a top-down schematic diagram of another antenna array, the zigzag routing may include: the transmission line of the power splitter structure extending along a first direction, then bending from the first direction toward a second direction, then bending back to the first direction and routing in the first direction. Of course, the power splitter structure may bend multiple times in the first direction, or only once. This is not a limitation.

[0120] In a further embodiment of this example, the transmission line of the power splitter structure has at least one bend when it is bent along the first direction. In practice, these bends can be located in the gaps between radiating arms, as shown in Figure 6 ; alternatively, these bends can be located in the gaps between antenna elements. For example, the routing of the power splitter structure includes at least one bend, and the bend is located in the gap between two adjacent antenna elements.

[0121] If there is a single bend, the bend can be located within the gap between any two adjacent antenna elements. If there are multiple bends, some of the multiple bends can be located within the gap between any two adjacent antenna elements, while others can be located within the gap between the radiating arms of the antenna elements, or all of the bends can be located within the gap between any two adjacent antenna elements.

[0122] It should be noted that, when multiple bends are located in the gap between two adjacent antenna elements (hereinafter referred to as the antenna element gap), the multiple bends can be located in different antenna element gaps, or in the gap of the same antenna element. Referring to Figures 7a and 7b, two other schematic top-view diagrams of antenna arrays are shown. As shown in Figure 7a, the multiple bends can be located in different antenna element gaps. Specifically, one bend is located in the gap between antenna element 209 and antenna element 208, and the other bend is located in the gap between antenna element 208 and antenna element 207. As shown in Figure 7b, the multiple bends can be located in the same antenna element gap, for example, in the gap between antenna element 208 and antenna element 209.

[0123] It should be noted that, as shown in FIG7b , in some examples, the transmission line of the power splitting structure is bent by routing in the second direction. On a vertical plane perpendicular to the first substrate, the orthographic projection of the transmission line in the second direction can overlap the orthographic projections of multiple radiating arms arranged in the second direction on the vertical plane. In this way, a power splitting transmission line is provided between adjacent radiating arms in the first direction, and a power splitting transmission line is provided between adjacent radiating arms in the second direction.

[0124] In some examples, when a routing line includes multiple bends, the bends may be symmetrical, thereby reducing signal loss and distortion during transmission along the routing line. Specifically, the bends may be axially symmetrical and / or centrally symmetrical, where the axis of symmetry of the axially symmetrical pattern includes the axis in the first direction and / or the axis in the second direction.

[0125] Specifically, the multiple bends can be axially symmetric along the first direction, or centrally symmetric, or axially symmetric along the second direction, or possess both axially and centrally symmetric properties. As shown in Figure 7b , the bend between antenna element 208 and antenna element 209 forms a centrally symmetric pattern. Of course, in some examples, the bends can have other centrally symmetric shapes besides the shape shown in Figure 7b , such as arc-shaped bends, which can also create a centrally symmetric shape.

[0126] 7 c , which shows a top plan view of another antenna array, as shown in FIG7 c , the bends on the traces of the power splitting structure are axisymmetric along the first direction and also axisymmetric along the second direction.

[0127] The figure does not show the situation where multiple bends have both axial symmetry and central symmetry properties.

[0128] When multiple bends form an axially symmetrical pattern and / or a centrally symmetrical pattern, the transmission line can achieve better impedance matching, avoiding signal loss and distortion during transmission on the line, thereby improving the signal radiation quality of the antenna array.

[0129] In a further embodiment of this example, multiple antenna elements can be distributed symmetrically. When the power splitting structure bends in the first direction, multiple bends can be distributed in the same antenna element gap, and multiple antenna elements can be symmetrically distributed on opposite sides of the multiple bends.

[0130] In some examples, an even number of antenna elements may be included, such as two antenna elements or four antenna elements. Referring to FIG. 7D , a top-down schematic diagram of another antenna array is shown. As shown in FIG. 7D , the antenna array includes two antenna elements, each of which includes two radiating elements. The four radiating elements are symmetrically distributed on opposite sides of the bend.

[0131] By adopting this setting, the distance from the power splitter structure to each antenna element can be made equal, as shown in Figure 7d, so that the loss of each antenna element is consistent, and the feeding phase of the two can be made consistent, thereby achieving equal amplitude and in-phase feeding, and thus improving the quality of the radiated signal.

[0132] Several examples of antenna arrays are given below for further specific description.

[0133] 8 , a schematic top plan view of an antenna array A is shown. As shown in FIG8 a , the antenna array A includes a first substrate 10, two antenna elements 20, and a power splitter structure 40. Each antenna element includes two radiating units 30, and each radiating unit 30 includes two radiating arms 31, for a total of four radiating arms. The four radiating arms are arranged along a first direction and a second direction on one side of the first substrate 10. The four radiating arms are symmetrical along the first direction and symmetrical along the second direction. Furthermore, the four radiating arms are symmetrically arranged along the midline of the first substrate in the first direction.

[0134] Among them, the transmission line 43 of the power splitter structure has a bend and is routed in the gap between adjacent radiating arms in the second direction. The two adjacent radiating arms of the antenna array in the second direction are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the transmission line. The bend of the transmission line is located between the gap between the two antenna arrays and is bent into a centrally symmetrical figure. The two antenna arrays are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the bend.

[0135] Among them, the radiating arm is a strip-shaped metal patch, whose long axis is along the first direction. The size of the metal patch in the first direction is 0.3 to 0.5 times the working wavelength. The spacing between the two antenna elements is 0.5 times the working wavelength, and the total length of the transmission line is 0.5 times the working wavelength. In this case, the phases of the two antenna elements can be controlled by the spacing between the antenna elements and the total length of the transmission line to achieve equal-amplitude and in-phase feeding.

[0136] The spacing between the antenna elements is greater than the spacing between the radiation arms in the antenna elements in the first direction and the spacing in the second direction.

[0137] The antenna array A is simulated, and the simulation results are shown in Figures 9 to 11. Figure 9 shows a schematic diagram of the S11 parameters of the antenna array A, Figure 10 shows the non-circularity of the antenna array A at Theta = 60°, and Figure 11 shows the vertical plane radiation pattern of the antenna array A. As shown in Figures 9 to 11, the antenna operating frequency is 2.515GHz-2.675GHz, the total height of the antenna is <1λ, the S11 of the antenna array is <-17dB within the frequency band, the gain of the antenna is >4.5dBi, the 3dB bandwidth is >47°, the maximum gain radiation angle is about 60°, and on the plane of Theta = 60°, the non-circularity of the radiation pattern is <0.6dB. Assume that the antenna array A is fixed on the ceiling, with the angle of its radiation direction perpendicular to the floor as the center 0°, that is, Theta = 0°, that is, the angle of the antenna radiation direction parallel to the floor and ceiling is Theta = 90°. The main radiation area Theta of the antenna's directional pattern can well cover the excellent coverage range of 30° to 80°, and its horizontal coverage area is approximately a circular coverage area with a diameter of 5m.

[0138] Referring to FIG12 , a schematic top plan view of an antenna array B is shown. As shown in FIG12 , the antenna array B includes a first substrate, an antenna element, and a power splitter structure. The antenna element includes two radiating units, each radiating unit includes two radiating arms, and the two radiating units are arranged in an array along the second direction on one side of the first substrate. The four radiating arms are symmetrical along the first direction and the second direction. The four radiating arms are also symmetrically arranged along the midline of the first substrate in the first direction.

[0139] The routing of the power splitter structure is routed along a first direction in the gap between the radiating arms, and two adjacent radiating arms of the antenna array in a second direction are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the routing, and the routing has no bends.

[0140] The radiating arms are strip-shaped metal patches with their major axes along the first direction. The dimensions of the metal patches in the first direction are 0.3 to 0.5 times the operating wavelength. Antenna array B was simulated, and the results are shown in Figure 13. Figure 13 shows the vertical radiation pattern of antenna array B. As shown in Figure 13, its maximum gain radiation angle is approximately 60°.

[0141] It can be seen that for antenna array B, since it only includes one antenna array, although the antenna array includes two radiating units, it can also improve the coverage range of its signal, but compared with antenna array A, its coverage range on the surface where the end face is located is smaller. Therefore, using antenna array A, that is, multiple antenna arrays are arranged in an array in the first direction, can expand the coverage area.

[0142] Based on the same inventive concept, the present disclosure further provides an antenna device, which includes a housing 60 and at least one antenna array located in the housing 60 , wherein the antenna array is the antenna array in any of the above exemplary embodiments.

[0143] FIG14 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the antenna device. As shown in FIG14 , the housing can conform to the shape of the antenna array, such as a cylindrical housing. The cross-sectional shape of the housing can be circular, elliptical, rectangular, etc. FIG14 illustrates a circular configuration. The first substrate of the antenna array is orthogonal to the end face of the housing.

[0144] The housing may include one or more antenna arrays. When multiple antenna arrays are included, the multiple antenna arrays may be placed in parallel, crosswise, or along the circumference of the housing. FIG14 shows a case where a single antenna array is placed. When multiple antenna arrays are included, the operating frequency bands of the multiple antenna arrays may be consistent or inconsistent. Specifically, the operating frequency band of the antenna array is not limited to 2.3 GHz-2.4 GHz, 3.3 GHz-3.4 GHz, etc. The operating frequency band of the antenna device may be a collection of multiple sub-bands, thereby broadening the frequency band of the radiated signal.

[0145] As shown in Figure 14 , when an antenna array is placed, the arrangement direction of the multiple antenna elements in the antenna array is a first direction. This first direction can be the axial direction of the housing. Furthermore, if the multiple radiating arms of the radiating elements in the antenna elements in the antenna array are also arranged along the first direction, the symmetry axes of the multiple radiating arms can be coaxial with the central axis of the housing. Specifically, the symmetry axes of the radiating arms, the central axis of the housing, and the centerline of the first substrate are coaxial. This arrangement can improve the aesthetics of the antenna device and enhance the balance of the coverage of the antenna array centered thereon, for example, providing more balanced signal coverage on the left and right sides of the antenna array.

[0146] Specifically, the end face of the antenna device may be an end face of a cylindrical outer cover. As shown in FIG14 , the surface where the lower end of the cylindrical outer cover is located is the end face.

[0147] In some examples, the antenna device may not have reflectors 70 at either end of the housing. In this case, when the antenna device is installed indoors, such as on a ceiling, it can radiate signals to both floors above and below. For example, if the antenna device is installed on the ceiling of the first floor, both the first and second floors are within the antenna device's signal coverage range, making it suitable for multi-story homes such as villas, duplexes, and multi-story office buildings. For another example, if the antenna device is installed on the wall of room A, the adjacent room B is also within the antenna device's signal coverage range, making it suitable for multi-room residences.

[0148] In yet other examples, the antenna device may be provided with a reflector at one end of the housing, wherein the reflector has a radial dimension greater than the housing's radial dimension. The reflector may conform to the housing; for example, if the housing is cylindrical, the reflector may be a circular plate. It should be noted that the reflector may be symmetrical, such as a circle, an ellipse, or a regular polygon.

[0149] In this example, the reflector can be connected to one end of the outer cover, and the antenna array can be located in a space enclosed by the reflector and the outer cover.

[0150] In this example, referring to FIG. 15 , a schematic cross-sectional view of another antenna device is shown. As shown in FIG. 15 , to achieve conformity between the housing and the reflector, the housing may include a cylindrical portion 61 and a conformal portion 62, wherein one end of the conformal portion is connected to one end of the housing, and the other end is connected to the reflector 70. The radial dimension of the reflector 70 is greater than the radial dimension of the cylindrical portion 61. Specifically, the reflector may be a circular reflector, and the conformal portion is conformal to the cylindrical portion and the reflector, respectively. Thus, the conformal portion may also be a cylindrical shell, the diameter of which increases gradually from the cylindrical portion to the reflector.

[0151] In this example, the reflective plate may be a circular metal plate with a radius of approximately 0.65 times the operating wavelength, and the first substrate is perpendicular to the reflective plate.

[0152] In a further configuration of this example, the antenna element in the antenna array may include two radiating elements. When the two radiating elements are arranged in the second direction, the multiple radiating elements may also be symmetrically distributed along the central axis of the reflector. In this way, the symmetry axes of the two radiating elements, namely, the central axis of the reflector, the centerline of the first substrate, and the center axis of the outer cover, may be coaxial. When the antenna element includes a single radiating element, and the multiple radiating arms of the radiating element are arranged along the first direction, the centerline of each radiating arm may also be coaxial with the central axis of the reflector.

[0153] When a reflector is used, the signal radiated by the antenna array to one end of the reflector will be reflected back to the other end of the housing, thereby enhancing the signal strength of the antenna device at one end of the housing, thereby improving the communication quality of the communication device that uses the antenna device to send and receive signals.

[0154] Below, several configurations of the antenna array in the housing are described in detail.

[0155] In one example, an antenna element in an antenna array includes a plurality of radiating arms, which are symmetrically distributed on opposite sides of an axis of a housing. The housing may include an antenna array. Referring to FIG16 , a cross-sectional structural diagram of another antenna device is shown. As shown in FIG16 , the axis of the housing may be coaxial with the centerline of the first substrate of the antenna array. The plurality of radiating arms in the antenna element may be arranged along a second direction and a first direction, and the plurality of radiating arms are symmetrically distributed on opposite sides of the axis of the housing. As described above, the axes of symmetry of the plurality of radiating arms, the central axis of the housing, and the centerline of the first substrate are coaxial.

[0156] In another example, the housing may include two antenna arrays, which may be arranged crosswise. The multiple radiating arms in the antenna elements of the two antenna arrays may be arranged along a first direction, and the multiple radiating arms in each antenna array may be symmetrically distributed on opposite sides of the axis of the housing. Referring to FIG17 , a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the antenna device in this example is shown. As shown in FIG17 , the two antenna arrays may be arranged crosswise, such as antenna array 101 and antenna array 102, which may be orthogonal, or may not be orthogonal. The relationship between the antenna elements in each antenna array and the housing may refer to the structure shown in FIG16 . In this example, the center lines of the first substrates of the two antenna arrays may be coaxial with the axis of the housing.

[0157] With this arrangement, the coverage of the antenna device can be optimized through the two antenna arrays.

[0158] In another example, multiple antenna arrays may be provided in the outer cover, and the multiple antenna arrays may be evenly arranged along the circumference of the outer cover. The multiple antenna elements included in each antenna array are arranged in a direction parallel to the axis of the outer cover.

[0159] Referring to Figure 18a, a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of another antenna device is shown, and Figure 18b is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the antenna device of Figure 18a, wherein multiple antenna arrays are arranged along the circumference of the outer cover, which can be uniformly arranged or unevenly arranged, without any special restrictions here.

[0160] As shown in Figure 18b , for each antenna array within the housing, the multiple antenna elements included in the antenna array are arranged parallel to the axis of the housing. That is, the first direction in which the multiple antenna elements are arranged is parallel to the axis of the housing. Specifically, the dimensions of the antenna arrays along the axis of the housing may be consistent or inconsistent, and the antenna arrays may or may not be flush at one end of the housing, without limitation.

[0161] Among them, multiple antenna arrays can be arranged at equal intervals in the outer cover, and the distance between each antenna array can be used to adjust the phase of the antenna array and even the overall radiation pattern.

[0162] In this setting, the number of antenna arrays can be set according to needs, for example, it can be set to 6, or other numbers such as 2, 3, 4, 5, etc.

[0163] In this example, since the multiple antenna arrays are arranged along the circumference of the outer cover, the multiple antenna arrays can share a first substrate, which can be a flexible substrate. Thus, all the radiation arms included in the multiple antenna arrays can be set on the first substrate, that is, the multiple antenna arrays can be conformal to the outer cover, thereby increasing the aesthetics of the antenna device.

[0164] In this example, the first substrate being conformal to the outer cover may mean that the shape of the first substrate is consistent with the shape of the outer cover, and the multiple antenna arrays may be arranged on a side of the first substrate facing away from the outer cover, or on a side of the first substrate close to the outer cover, without limitation herein.

[0165] In yet other examples, when multiple antenna arrays are disposed within the housing, the multiple antenna arrays may be intersected, as shown in FIG17 . For example, the housing may include two antenna arrays, namely a first antenna array and a second antenna array, wherein the first antenna array and the second antenna array may be orthogonal.

[0166] Among them, in the two orthogonal antenna arrays, the first direction of the antenna elements in each antenna array can be parallel to the axial direction of the outer cover, that is, arranged in the axial direction, or the first direction of the antenna elements in one of the two antenna arrays is parallel to the axial direction of the outer cover, and the first direction of the antenna elements in the other antenna array is orthogonal to the axial direction of the outer cover.

[0167] In one exemplary embodiment of this example, as shown in Figure 19a, a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the antenna device is illustrated; in this embodiment, the first direction in which the multiple antenna elements in the first and second antenna arrays are arranged is the axial direction of the housing. In other words, the first direction in which the multiple antenna elements in the first and second antenna arrays are arranged is parallel to the axis of the housing. Because the first and second antenna arrays are orthogonal, the first substrate of the first antenna array and the first substrate of the second antenna array can be orthogonal, and the centerlines of the first substrates of the two antenna arrays can be parallel to the axis of the housing.

[0168] Furthermore, in this example, there is a gap between the first antenna array and the second antenna array, as shown in Figure 19b, which shows a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the antenna device of Figure 19a. As shown in Figure 19b, the first antenna array 103 and the second antenna array 104 are orthogonal, and the center lines of the first substrates of the two can be parallel to the axis of the outer cover. In this case, there is a gap between the first antenna array and the second antenna array in the radial direction of the outer cover, and the gap distance can be a millimeter-level distance.

[0169] In this example, as shown in Figure 19b , the centerline of the first substrate in the first antenna array can be coaxial with the axis of the housing. Thus, the axes of symmetry of the radiating elements in the multiple antenna elements in the first antenna array can be coaxial with the axis of the housing. Alternatively, the axes of symmetry of the two radiating elements in the antenna elements in the first antenna array can be coaxial with the axis of the housing. Of course, in other examples, the first substrates of the first and second antenna arrays may not be coaxial with the axis of the housing.

[0170] There may be no gap between the first antenna array and the second antenna array, but they may cross as shown in FIG17 .

[0171] Using the antenna device of this example, since the first antenna array and the second antenna array are orthogonal, the two can form a dual-polarized omnidirectional antenna. When there is a gap between the first antenna array and the second antenna array, signal interference between the two can be avoided when the first antenna array and the second antenna array are fed independently.

[0172] In other examples, multiple antenna elements in the first antenna array 103 are arranged along the axial direction of the housing, and multiple antenna elements in the second antenna array 104 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the housing. Referring to Figures 20a and 20b , Figure 20a shows a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of another antenna device, and Figure 20b shows a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the antenna device of Figure 20a , where Figure 20a is a cross-sectional view of Figure 20b taken along line AA. The first substrate in the second antenna array can be a flexible substrate, or the second antenna array may not include a first substrate.

[0173] Since the multiple antenna elements in the second antenna array are arranged along the first direction, the first direction can be the circumferential direction of the housing, so that the multiple antenna elements are arranged along the circumference thereof. As shown in Figure 20a, the first antenna array and the second antenna array are still orthogonal, but the multiple antenna elements in the first antenna array 103 are arranged along the axial direction of the housing, while the multiple antenna elements in the second antenna array 104 are arranged along a direction orthogonal to the axis of the housing.

[0174] The antenna device using this design can still realize a dual-polarized omnidirectional antenna and expand the coverage range.

[0175] In the above example, since multiple antenna arrays are disposed within the housing, the power splitter structures of the multiple antenna arrays can be fed independently or collectively. Specifically, the antenna device may further include a second substrate, which may be connected to the housing. Multiple first signal ports may be disposed on the second substrate, with different first signal ports connected to input ports 41 of the power splitter structures on different antenna arrays, thereby enabling independent feeding of the multiple antenna arrays. This allows for corresponding control of the signals from the multiple antenna arrays to radiate desired signals. For example, the phase of each antenna array may be controlled, thereby enabling the antenna device to perform beam scanning.

[0176] or,

[0177] The second substrate includes a second signal port, which is respectively connected to the input ports of the power division structures on multiple antenna arrays. As a result, the multiple antenna arrays can be fed uniformly, thereby improving the operational convenience of the antenna device and improving the consistency of the signals radiated by each antenna array.

[0178] Below, several exemplary introductions of antenna devices are given.

[0179] Antenna device C:

[0180] The antenna array system comprises multiple antenna arrays A from the aforementioned antenna array example. These antenna arrays A are located within the housing and are evenly spaced along the housing's circumference. The antenna elements in each antenna array are aligned axially with the housing, meaning the first direction of the antenna elements is the housing's axial direction. As shown in Figure 18a, six antenna arrays A are included. The first substrate of each antenna array A uses air as the dielectric medium to reduce losses.

[0181] One end of the outer cover is connected to a reflector, which is a circular metal plate with a radius of approximately 0.65 times the working wavelength. The size of the radiating patch in the antenna array is 0.3 to 0.5 times the working wavelength, the spacing between the antenna arrays is 0.5 times the working wavelength, and the routing length of the power splitter structure is 0.5 times the working wavelength. The reflector is perpendicular to the first substrate.

[0182] The antenna device C is simulated to obtain the vertical plane radiation pattern shown in Figure 21. It can be seen that its maximum gain radiation angle is close to 60°, that is, the angle between the coverage boundary of the signal on the surface where the end face is located and the first substrate and the end face can reach 60 degrees, and the radiation intensity in all directions can be relatively balanced.

[0183] Antenna device D:

[0184] It is composed of the two antenna arrays A in the above antenna array example. The two antenna arrays A are orthogonal, but there is no gap in the radial direction of the outer cover, that is, the two antenna arrays A intersect, and the arrangement direction of the antenna elements in the two antenna arrays A is parallel to the axis of the outer cover, thereby obtaining a dual-polarized omnidirectional antenna.

[0185] The antenna device D is simulated to obtain the vertical plane radiation pattern shown in FIG22 . It can be seen that the maximum gain radiation angle is 60°, the radiation intensity is strong, and the radiation range is large.

[0186] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0187] Finally, it should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, commodity, or device that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, commodity, or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, commodity, or device that includes the element.

[0188] The above is a detailed introduction to an antenna array and an antenna device provided by the present disclosure. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present disclosure. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present disclosure. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, based on the ideas of the present disclosure, there may be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scopes. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present disclosure.

[0189] Other embodiments of the present disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. This disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present disclosure that follow the general principles of the present disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The description and examples are to be considered as exemplary only, with the true scope and spirit of the present disclosure being indicated by the following claims.

[0190] It should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the exact structures that have been described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

[0191] References herein to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," or "one or more embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Furthermore, please note that instances of the phrase "in one embodiment" do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment.

[0192] In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are described. However, it is understood that embodiments of the present disclosure may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures, and techniques are not shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this description.

[0193] In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in the claim. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The present disclosure may be implemented by means of hardware comprising several different elements and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In a unit claim enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by the same item of hardware. The use of the words first, second, and third etc. does not indicate any order. These words may be interpreted as names.

[0194] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present disclosure, rather than to limit them. Although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. An antenna array, characterized in that: include: a first substrate; A plurality of antenna elements are arranged along a single first direction; wherein the antenna element includes at least one radiating element, and the radiating element includes a plurality of radiating arms, the plurality of radiating arms are arranged along the first direction on the same side of the first substrate and symmetrically distributed along a second direction, the second direction being orthogonal to the first direction; The first substrate is orthogonal to the end surface of the antenna device where the antenna array is located.

2. The antenna array according to claim 1, wherein: The antenna element includes two radiating units, and the two radiating units are arranged in the second direction.

3. The antenna array according to claim 1, wherein: The antenna element includes two radiating units, and the two radiating units are symmetrically arranged along the midline of the first substrate in the first direction; or, The antenna element includes a radiation unit, and the symmetry axis of the radiation arm included in the radiation unit is coaxial with the center line.

4. The antenna array according to claim 1, wherein: The antenna array further includes a power division structure, which is respectively coupled to the radiation units of the plurality of antenna elements.

5. The antenna array according to claim 4, characterized in that The power division structure includes: Input port; a transmission line connected to the input port; A plurality of output ports are connected to different positions of the transmission line, and the plurality of output ports are respectively coupled to the radiation units in the plurality of antenna elements; The sum of the length of the transmission line between two adjacent output ports and the spacing between two adjacent antenna elements in the first direction is N times the working wavelength, where the working wavelength is the wavelength of the center frequency of the antenna element, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

6. The antenna array according to claim 4, characterized in that The antenna array includes two radiating units, and the two radiating units are arranged in the second direction; Wherein, in the same antenna array, the transmission line is between two radiating units. Run the wires in the gap.

7. The antenna array according to claim 6, characterized in that In the same antenna element, the two radiation units are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the transmission line.

8. The antenna array according to claim 4, characterized in that The transmission line is bent and routed in the first direction.

9. The antenna array according to claim 8, characterized in that The transmission line includes at least one bend, and the bend is located in a gap between two adjacent antenna elements.

10. The antenna array according to claim 9, characterized in that It comprises a plurality of said bends, and the plurality of said bends constitute an axially symmetrical figure and / or a centrally symmetrical figure, and the axis of symmetry of the axially symmetrical figure comprises the axis in the first direction and / or the axis in the second direction.

11. The antenna array according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of bends, all of which are located in the same gap, and a plurality of antenna elements are symmetrically distributed on opposite sides of the bend.

12. An antenna device, characterized in that: include: A cylindrical outer cover; and, at least one antenna array according to any one of claims 1 to 12 located within the housing; Wherein, the first substrate in the antenna array is orthogonal to the end surface of the outer cover.

13. The antenna device according to claim 12, wherein: An antenna array is included, wherein the antenna element in the antenna array includes two radiating units, and the two radiating units are symmetrically distributed on opposite sides of the axis of the outer cover.

14. The antenna device according to claim 12, wherein: comprising a plurality of antenna arrays, wherein: The plurality of antenna arrays are arranged along the circumference of the outer cover, and the first direction of the array of the plurality of antenna elements included in each antenna array is parallel to the axial direction of the outer cover.

15. The antenna device according to claim 12, wherein: The housing includes a first antenna array and a second antenna array, wherein the first antenna array and the second antenna array are orthogonal.

16. The antenna device according to claim 15, wherein: The first direction in which the antenna elements in the first antenna array are arranged and the first direction in which the antenna elements in the second antenna array are arranged are both the axial direction of the outer cover.

17. The antenna device according to claim 16, wherein: In a radial direction of the housing, a gap is formed between the first antenna array and the second antenna array.

18. The antenna device according to claim 15, wherein: The first direction in which the antenna elements in the first antenna array are arranged is the axial direction of the outer cover, and the first direction in which the antenna elements in the second antenna array are arranged is the circumferential direction of the outer cover.

19. The antenna device according to claim 12, wherein: The antenna device further comprises: a reflective plate connected to one end of the outer cover; The reflector is orthogonal to the first substrate in the antenna array.

20. The antenna device according to any one of claims 12 to 19, characterized in that: The antenna device comprises a plurality of antenna arrays, and the antenna device further comprises a second substrate, wherein the second substrate is connected to the outer cover; wherein, The second substrate includes a plurality of first signal ports, and different first signal ports are connected to input ports of power division structures on different antenna arrays; or, The second substrate includes a second signal port, and the second signal port is respectively connected to the input ports of the power division structures on the plurality of antenna arrays.

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