Device and communication method

Abstract

A device having a lower complexity than a narrow band-Internet of Things (NB-IoT) device includes: a control unit for waking up the device on the basis of wireless power from a network; a reception unit for receiving information from the network after the device wakes up; and a transmission unit for transmitting a signal to the network on the basis of the information.

Description

Device and communication method

[0001] The present disclosure relates to devices and communication methods.

[0002] For NR (New Radio) (also known as "5G"), the successor system to LTE (Long Term Evolution), technologies that satisfy requirements such as a large-capacity system, high-speed data transmission speed, low latency, simultaneous connection of a large number of terminals, low cost, and low power consumption are being considered (for example, Non-Patent Document 1).

[0003] Furthermore, 3GPP (registered trademark) Release 18 is considering Ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 2). Ambient IoT targets devices with extremely simple configurations for low-end IoT applications that operate with extremely low power consumption.

[0004] 3GPP TS 38.300 V17.3.0 (2022-12)"Revised SID on Ambient IoT", RP-232404, 3GPP TSG RAN Meeting #101, September 20233GPP TR 38.848 V1.0.0 (2023-09)3GPP TS 36.211 V16.7.0 (2021-09)" New SID: Study on solutions for Ambient IoT (Internet of Things) in NR ", RP-234058, 3GPP TSG RAN Meeting #102, December 2023

[0005] However, in ambient IoT, the behavior of signal transmission has not been sufficiently studied, and further study is required.

[0006] One aspect of the present disclosure is to provide a device and a communication method that can transmit signals appropriately.

[0007] A device according to one aspect of the present disclosure is a device of lower complexity than a Narrow Band-Internet of Things (NB-IoT) device, and includes a control unit that wakes up the device based on wireless power from a network, a receiving unit that receives information from the network after the device wakes up, and a transmitting unit that transmits a signal to the network based on the information.

[0008] 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating Topology 1. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating Topology 3 in DL support. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating Topology 3 in UL support. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating Topology 4. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating backscatter transmission. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a communication flow of DT in Topology 1. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a communication flow of DO-DTT in Topology 1. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a communication flow of DT in Topology 2. FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a communication flow of DO-DTT in Topology 2. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating Proposal 1. FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating PIE. FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating data 0 of FM0. FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating data 0 of FM0. FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating data 1 of FM0. FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating data 0 of mirror encoding. FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating data 0 of mirror encoding. FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating data 1 of mirror encoding. FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating Manchester coding. FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating Manchester coding. FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating Proposal 2: Option 1. FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating Proposal 2: Option 2. FIG. 22 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a base station according to an embodiment. FIG. 23 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a device according to an embodiment. FIG. 24 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a device according to an embodiment. FIG. 25 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a vehicle.

[0009] Hereinafter, an embodiment according to one aspect of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the embodiment described below is an example, and the embodiment to which the present disclosure is applied is not limited to the following embodiment.

[0010] In the operation of the wireless communication system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, existing technologies are used as appropriate. However, the existing technologies are, for example, but not limited to, existing LTE. Furthermore, the term "LTE" as used in this specification has a broad meaning including LTE-Advanced and systems subsequent to LTE-Advanced (e.g., NR) unless otherwise specified.

[0011] Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present disclosure described below, terms used in existing LTE, such as SS (Synchronization signal), PSS (Primary SS), SSS (Secondary SS), PBCH (Physical broadcast channel), PRACH (Physical random access channel), PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel), PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel), PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel), and PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel), are used. This is for convenience of description, and similar signals, functions, etc. may be referred to by other names. Furthermore, the above-mentioned terms in NR correspond to NR-SS, NR-PSS, NR-SSS, NR-PBCH, NR-PRACH, etc. However, even signals used in NR are not necessarily referred to as "NR-".

[0012] Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the duplex method may be a time division duplex (TDD) method, a frequency division duplex (FDD) method, or another method (for example, flexible duplex, etc.).

[0013] Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, "configuring" radio parameters and the like may mean that predetermined values ​​are pre-configured, or that radio parameters notified from a base station or a terminal including a device are set.

[0014] <System Configuration> Fig. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment. As shown in Fig. 1, the wireless communication system includes a base station 10 and a device 20. Although Fig. 1 shows one base station 10 and one device 20, this is an example, and there may be a plurality of each. The device 20 may be an ambient IoT device.

[0015] The base station 10 is a communication device that provides one or more cells and performs wireless communication with the device 20. The physical resources of a wireless signal are defined in the time domain and the frequency domain. The time domain may be defined by the number of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols. The frequency domain may be defined by the number of subcarriers or the number of resource blocks.

[0016] The base station 10 transmits a synchronization signal and system information to the device 20. The base station 10 transmits a control signal and data to the device 20 via DL (Downlink). The base station 10 receives a control signal and data from the device 20 via UL (Uplink).

[0017] As will be described later, the wireless communication system may include intermediate nodes and / or assisting nodes (see <Device Types and Topologies> below). Hereinafter, "and / or" may be simply written as " / ".

[0018] <Ambient IoT> Release-18 approved a study on ambient IoT, which is even lower-end than the existing Narrow Band IoT (NB-IoT: see, for example, Section 10 of Non-Patent Document 4) (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 2). Ambient IoT targets ultra-low power consumption and ultra-low complexity devices.

[0019] For Ambient IoT, for example, the following deployment scenarios and characteristics can be considered for the relevant use cases: Indoor or outdoor environment Base station type, e.g., macro / micro / pico cell-based deployment Connectivity topology, e.g., which nodes communicate with Ambient IoT devices, such as base stations, terminals (UE), relays, and repeaters Duplexing method, TDD or FDD, licensed or unlicensed frequency band Coexistence with UE and network equipment in frequency bands for existing 3GPP technologies Assumptions of traffic originating from / terminating to the device

[0020] Based on the above deployment scenarios and characteristics, for example, the following RAN design targets can be formulated: Power consumption Complexity Coverage Data rate Positioning accuracy

[0021] Based on deployment scenarios appropriate for the relevant use cases, compare and evaluate the feasibility of meeting design targets and identify supporting features.

[0022] <Device Types and Topologies> Based on the results of the study item, TR 38.848 (Non-Patent Document 3) was approved. TR 38.848 considers the following categories of ambient IoT devices: Device A: Device A does not have energy storage and does not have independent signal generation and signal amplification functions. Device A performs backscattering transmission. Device B: Device B has power storage and does not have independent signal generation functions. Device B performs backscattering transmission. Device B uses the stored power to amplify the reflected signal. Device C: Device C has power storage and has independent signal generation functions. That is, Device C has an active RF component for transmission.

[0023] The complexity of device A is assumed to be about the same as that of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID).

[0024] TR 38.848 defines the following topologies 1 to 4 for ambient IoT networks.

[0025] Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating Topology 1. As shown in Figure 2, Topology 1 is a configuration in which a base station (BS) and an ambient IoT device communicate with each other. The ambient IoT device communicates directly with the base station in both directions.

[0026] Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating Topology 2. As shown in Figure 3, Topology 2 is a configuration in which a base station and an ambient IoT device communicate via an intermediate node. The ambient IoT device performs bidirectional communication with the intermediate node located between the base station and the ambient IoT device. The intermediate node may be, for example, a relay, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a UE, or a repeater.

[0027] Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating Topology 3 in DL assistance. As shown in Fig. 4, Topology 3 is a configuration including communication between a base station and an assisting node, communication between the assisting node and an ambient IoT device, and communication between the ambient IoT device and a base station.

[0028] The support node supports DL communication. For example, the support node receives DL signals from the base station and transmits them to the ambient IoT device, as shown in Figure 4. For UL signals, the ambient IoT device transmits directly to the base station.

[0029] Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating Topology 3 in UL support. As shown in Fig. 5, Topology 3 is a configuration including communication between a base station and a support node, communication between a support node and an ambient IoT device, and communication between an ambient IoT device and a base station.

[0030] The support node supports UL communication. For example, the support node receives UL signals from the ambient IoT device and transmits them to the base station, as shown in Figure 5. For DL ​​signals, the ambient IoT device receives directly from the base station.

[0031] The support node shown in Figures 4 and 5 may send out a carrier wave for the ambient IoT device to generate backscatter. The support node may be, for example, a relay, an IAB node, a UE, or a repeater.

[0032] Figure 6 illustrates Topology 4. Topology 4 is a configuration in which a UE and an ambient IoT device communicate with each other. The ambient IoT device communicates with the UE bidirectionally. Topology 4 can also be considered as sidelink (SL) communication.

[0033] In the above Topologies 1 to 4, the ambient IoT device may be provided with a carrier wave from another node inside or outside the topology (Section 4.2.1 of Non-Patent Document 3).

[0034] Backscatter Transmission: Base stations, intermediate nodes, support nodes, and other nodes transmit RF signals to ambient IoT devices that are activated and obtain power from the RF operating field from the base stations, intermediate nodes, support nodes, and other nodes via inductive coupling.

[0035] The ambient IoT device backscatters and modulates the RF signals received from the base station, intermediate node, support node, and other nodes by switching the reflection coefficient of its own antenna, and transmits information to the base station, intermediate node, support node, and other nodes.

[0036] FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating backscatter transmission. FIG. 7 shows an example in which an ambient IoT device performs ON-OFF keying and transmits information. The dashed line area in FIG. 7 indicates an OFF section, which may correspond to the information (bit) "0." A sine wave signal may correspond to the information "1."

[0037] Hereinafter, a network may include a base station, a support node, an intermediate node, and a terminal (UE in Topology 4). Hereinafter, the base station, the support node, the intermediate node, the relay, and the terminal may be referred to as network nodes. Ambient IoT may be referred to as A-IoT. An A-IoT device may be referred to as A-IoT UE.

[0038] <Rel-19 Study Item Description (SID)> The Rel-19 SID examined necessary and feasible solutions for A-IoT (Section 4.1 of Non-Patent Document 5). The examined solutions include, for example, determining which functions, procedures, etc. are necessary and which functions, procedures, etc. are not.

[0039] Additionally, several issues for the DL and UL of A-IoT will be discussed under the leadership of RAN 1. One of the issues to be discussed is the scheduling and timing relationship between DL and UL in A-IoT. In discussing the scheduling and timing relationship, the following 1. traffic flow, 2. device assumptions, and 3. topology can be considered.

[0040] 1. Traffic flow The following DT and DO-DTT are being considered as traffic flows for A-IoT.

[0041] DT (device terminated) - Traffic includes transmission to the A-IoT UE (DL), but not transmission from the A-IoT UE (UL). In other words, there is information to be transmitted to the A-IoT UE, but no information to be transmitted from the A-IoT UE. DT corresponds to a command type, which includes instructions such as commands or instructions to the A-IoT UE.

[0042] DO-DTT (device originated-device terminated triggered) Traffic includes a trigger from the network (NW) and a transmission (UL) from the A-IoT UE. In other words, traffic includes information transmitted from the A-IoT UE. DO-DTT corresponds to, for example, a sensor information report type in which the A-IoT UE transmits sensor information collected by the A-IoT UE.

[0043] In this disclosure, transmitting information corresponds to transmitting a signal containing information or transmitting a signal. In this disclosure, transmitting to a certain device X corresponds to transmitting a signal (or information) to device X. In addition, transmitting from a certain device X and transmitting by a certain device X correspond to device X transmitting a signal (or information). In addition, receiving from a certain device X corresponds to receiving a signal (or information) transmitted by device X. In addition, receiving by a certain device X corresponds to device X receiving a signal (or information).

[0044] 2. Device Assumptions The following TX (transmission) and FR (frequency range) 1-FDD are assumed for A-IoT UE.

[0045] TX TX is an unamplified backscatter UL transmission or an amplified general UL transmission. Alternatively, an amplified backscatter UL transmission may be performed.

[0046] FR1-FDD: FR1-FDD is applied to the A-IoT UE. That is, the A-IoT UE can switch carrier frequencies between DL carriers and UL carriers. However, this disclosure is not limited to FR1-FDD and may be applied to TDD, FR2, or FR3.

[0047] The frequency bands of each FR are, for example, as follows: FR1: 410 MHz to 7.125 GHz FR2: 24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz FR3: 7.125 GHz to 24.25 GHz

[0048] FR1 may use a sub-carrier spacing (SCS) of 15 kHz, 30 kHz, or 60 kHz, and a bandwidth (BW) of 5 to 100 MHz. FR2 is a higher frequency than FR1, and may use an SCS of 60 kHz or 120 kHz (including 240 kHz), and a bandwidth (BW) of 50 to 400 MHz.

[0049] 3. Topology Among the topologies shown in FIGS. 2 to 6, attention is focused on Topology 1 and Topology 2.

[0050] In Topology 1, UL and / or DL ​​communication is performed between a base station and an A-IoT UE without an intermediate node. Note that the base station in Topology 1 may correspond to a microcell.

[0051] In Topology 2, communication is performed between a base station and an A-IoT UE via an intermediate node. The A-IoT UE performs bidirectional communication with the intermediate node located between the base station and the A-IoT UE. Note that the base station in Topology 2 may correspond to a macrocell. The Topology 2 case may also be applied to indoor cases. Hereinafter, the intermediate node may be referred to as int. UE (intermediate UE).

[0052] <Communication Flow> The signal design for A-IoT UEs may be designed to be common between Topology 1 and Topology 2. In order to have a common signal design for A-IoT UEs, the communication flows of DT and DO-DTT in Topology 1 and Topology 2 can be considered. The following four communication flows can be assumed as the communication flows of DT and DO-DTT in Topology 1 and Topology 2.

[0053] As shown in the four communication flows 1 to 4 below, the A-IoT UE wakes up in step 1 and receives information in step 2. The information received by the A-IoT UE may be interpreted as a signal.

[0054] Also, as shown in the communication flows in 2 and 4 below, the A-IoT UE transmits a signal in step 3. The signal transmitted by the A-IoT UE may be interpreted as information.

[0055] 1. DT Communication Flow in Topology 1 Figure 8 is a diagram showing the DT communication flow in Topology 1. Figure 8 shows the flow of signals between the base station and the A-IoT UE. Note that the communication flow shown in Figure 8 is a DT communication flow, so there is information transmission from the base station to the A-IoT UE, but there is no information transmission from the A-IoT UE to the base station.

[0056] The communication flow of DT in Topology 1 is assumed to involve the following two steps:

[0057] Step 1: The A-IoT UE wakes up with a signal such as a carrier waveform transmitted from the base station (step 1 is not shown). Step 2: The A-IoT UE receives information from the base station.

[0058] Step 1 is initiated, for example, when a packet occurs in the application layer of the base station (corresponding to "Packet arrival" shown in Figure 8) (the same applies to step 1 described in Figures 9, 10, and 11).

[0059] The A-IoT UE may be woken up by a signal (e.g., a radio frequency signal (RF) signal) transmitted from a source other than a base station. Here, the signal transmitted from a source other than a base station may correspond to an energy source that supplies energy to the A-IoT UE. The carrier waveform may be replaced with a carrier wave.

[0060] 2. DO-DTT Communication Flow in Topology 1 Figure 9 shows the DO-DTT communication flow in Topology 1. Figure 9 shows the signal flow between the base station and the A-IoT UE. Note that the communication flow shown in Figure 9 is a DO-DTT communication flow, and therefore includes information transmission from the base station to the A-IoT UE and information transmission from the A-IoT UE to the base station.

[0061] The DO-DTT communication flow in Topology 1 is assumed to involve the following three steps:

[0062] Step 1: The A-IoT UE wakes up with a signal such as a carrier waveform transmitted from the base station (step 1 is not shown). Step 2: The A-IoT UE receives information from the base station. Step 3: The A-IoT UE transmits a signal to the base station.

[0063] 3. DT Communication Flow in Topology 2 Figure 10 is a diagram showing the DT communication flow in Topology 2. Figure 10 shows the signal flow between the base station, int. UE, and A-IoT UE. Note that the communication flow shown in Figure 10 is a DT communication flow, so there is information transmission to the A-IoT UE, but there is no information transmission from the A-IoT UE.

[0064] The communication flow of DT in Topology 2 is assumed to involve the following four steps:

[0065] Step 0: The int. UE receives a trigger from the base station to send a signal such as a carrier waveform to the A-IoT UE, and sends a signal to the A-IoT UE based on the trigger (step 0 is not shown). Step 1: The A-IoT UE wakes up by a signal such as a carrier waveform sent from the int. UE (step 1 is not shown). Step 2: The A-IoT UE receives information from the base station via the int. UE. Step X: The int. UE sends a signal to the base station.

[0066] 4. DO-DTT Communication Flow in Topology 2 Figure 11 is a diagram showing the DO-DTT communication flow in Topology 2. Figure 11 shows the signal flow between the base station, int. UE, and A-IoT UE. Note that the communication flow shown in Figure 11 is a DO-DTT communication flow, and therefore includes information transmission to the A-IoT UE and information transmission from the A-IoT UE.

[0067] In the DO-DTT communication flow in Topology 2, the following five-step communication flow is assumed.

[0068] Step 0: The int. UE receives a trigger from the base station to send a signal such as a carrier waveform to the A-IoT UE, and sends a signal to the A-IoT UE based on the trigger (step 0 is not shown). Step 1: The A-IoT UE wakes up by a signal such as a carrier waveform sent from the int. UE (step 1 is not shown). Step 2: The A-IoT UE receives information from the base station via the int. UE. Step 3: The A-IoT UE sends a signal to the int. UE. Step X: The int. UE sends a signal to the base station.

[0069] <Analysis> Analysis 1 As explained in <Communication Flow> above, it can be assumed that the A-IoT UE wakes up in step 1 and receives information in step 2 in four communication flows (DT communication flow in topology 1, DO-DTT communication flow in topology 1, DT communication flow in topology 2, and DO-DTT communication flow in topology 2).

[0070] However, the A-IoT UE may not be able to properly receive information in step 2.

[0071] For example, if the A-IoT UE cannot recognize the format in which the information it receives is transmitted, such as the resources and modulation method, the A-IoT UE may not be able to receive the information properly.

[0072] Therefore, in this disclosure, in Proposal 1, a technology is provided that enables A-IoT UE to receive information appropriately.

[0073] Analysis 2: As explained in the above section <Communication Flow>, it can be assumed that the A-IoT UE wakes up in step 1, receives information in step 2, and transmits a signal (information) in step 3 in two communication flows (the DO-DTT communication flow in topology 1 and the DO-DTT communication flow in topology 2).

[0074] However, if the A-IoT UE does not transmit the appropriate signal in step 3, the network, such as the base station / int. UE, may not be able to properly receive the A-IoT UE's signal.

[0075] For example, if an A-IoT UE does not transmit signals in the appropriate resource and modulation format, the network, such as the base station / int. UE, may not be able to properly receive the signals.

[0076] Therefore, in this disclosure, in Proposal 2, a technology is provided that enables A-IoT UE to transmit appropriate signals.

[0077] Analysis 3: As explained in the above section <Communication Flow>, the presence or absence of the A-IoT UE transmission flow (Step 3) is determined depending on whether it is DT or DO-DTT.

[0078] However, the above <Communication Flow> does not specify how the presence or absence of a transmission flow for the A-IoT UE is distinguished, and the A-IoT UE may not be able to properly determine whether or not to transmit a signal.

[0079] For example, an A-IoT UE may complete an operation by receiving information (a DT communication flow) even though the communication flow is DO-DTT. For example, an A-IoT UE may perform an operation by transmitting a signal (a DO-DTT communication flow) even though the communication flow is DT.

[0080] Therefore, in this disclosure, in Proposal 3, a technology is provided that allows an A-IoT UE to appropriately determine whether or not to transmit a signal.

[0081] Analysis 4: As described in the above <Communication Flow>, it can be assumed that the A-IoT UE wakes up in step 1 and receives information in step 2 in the four communication flows.

[0082] However, there is no specification for the size of the information that the A-IoT UE receives in step 2, and the A-IoT UE may not be able to properly receive the information.

[0083] For example, the A-IoT UE may complete the information reception operation even though the information reception is not complete, or the A-IoT UE may continue the information reception operation even though the required information has been received.

[0084] Therefore, in this disclosure, in Proposal 4, a technology is provided that enables A-IoT UE to perform appropriate information reception operations.

[0085] Analysis 5: As described in the above <Communication Flow>, it can be assumed that the A-IoT UE wakes up in step 1, receives information in step 2, and transmits a signal in step 3 in two communication flows.

[0086] However, there is no specification for the size of the information that the A-IoT UE transmits in step 3, and the A-IoT UE may not be able to properly perform the information transmission operation.

[0087] For example, an A-IoT UE may complete an information transmission operation even though the information transmission has not been completed, or an A-IoT UE may continue an information operation even though the required information has been transmitted.

[0088] Therefore, in this disclosure, in Proposal 5, a technology is provided that enables A-IoT UE to perform appropriate information transmission operations.

[0089] <Proposal 1> Proposal 1 proposes a technology that enables A-IoT UE to properly receive information from networks such as BS / int. UE. In Proposal 1, the steps for receiving information from A-IoT UE are divided into two.

[0090] For example, step 2 in the four communication flows (DT communication flow in topology 1, DO-DTT communication flow in topology 1, DT communication flow in topology 2, and DO-DTT communication flow in topology 2) described above in <Communication Flows> is divided into two sub-steps. Specifically, step 2 is divided into the following step 2A and step 2B.

[0091] Step 2A: The A-IoT UE receives information A, e.g., control information, from a network such as a BS / int. UE. Step 2B: The A-IoT UE receives information B, e.g., data information, from a network such as a BS / int. UE.

[0092] Figure 12 is a diagram illustrating Proposal 1. Figure 12 shows the signal flow between the base station (gNB) and the A-IoT UE (step 1 is not shown). Figure 12 also shows the signal flow of DT in Topology 1.

[0093] Step 2 of receiving information from the base station is divided into step 2A and step 2B as shown in Figure 12. The A-IoT UE receives information A in step 2A and information B in step 2B.

[0094] Information A may include information for receiving information B. The A-IoT UE may receive information B based on the information included in information A. Information A may be referred to as control information, and information B may be referred to as data information.

[0095] 12 shows an example in which step 2 of DT in Topology 1 is divided into two substeps (step 2A and step 2B), but step 2 of receiving information from a base station is also divided into two substeps in DO-DTT in Topology 1. Also, in DT and DO-DTT in Topology 2, step 2 of receiving information from an int. UE is also divided into two substeps.

[0096] Information A includes, for example, one or more pieces of information 1. to 7. below.

[0097] 1. Time Domain Resource Information A includes information on the time domain resource of information B. The time domain resource may be, for example, the starting time resource / number of time resources of information B. The time starting resource may be indicated by a time unit such as a slot or a symbol.

[0098] 2. Frequency Domain Resource Information A includes information on the frequency domain resource of information B. The frequency domain resource may be, for example, the starting frequency resource / number of frequency resources of information B. The starting frequency resource may be indicated in frequency units such as subcarriers or resource blocks.

[0099] 3. Code Domain Resources Information A includes information on code domain resources used (applied) to information B. The code domain resources may be, for example, a base sequence (reference sequence) length / base sequence (reference sequence) index / cyclic shift / orthogonal cover code index used for information B. The base sequence may be referred to as a root sequence.

[0100] 4. Waveform / Modulation Scheme Information A includes information on the waveform / modulation scheme used for information B. The waveform / modulation scheme may be, for example, any of ASK (OOK), FSK, PSK, or OFDM.

[0101] Note that ASK is an abbreviation for Amplitude Shift Keying, OOK is an abbreviation for On-Off-Keying, FSK is an abbreviation for Frequency Shift Keying, PSK is an abbreviation for Phase Shift Keying, and OFDM is an abbreviation for Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing.

[0102] When ASK (OOK) is used as the waveform / modulation method for information B, information indicating one of the following four candidates (methods) may be included in information A. The following four methods define how states (or information) such as 1 or 0 are represented in ASK (OOK).

[0103] ASK / OOK-1 In ASK / OOK-1, a single bit is represented in a time unit such as one symbol or one slot. For example, 1 and 0 in OOK are represented as follows: OOK=1: All subcarriers are modulated OOK=0: The power of all subcarriers is set to 0

[0104] ASK / OOK-2 In ASK / OOK-2, the states of 0 and 1 are shown in parallel M-bit OOK in the frequency domain. For example, a frequency unit such as a subcarrier is divided into M segments, and 1 and 0 in OOK are shown as follows: OOK=1: All subcarriers in the segment are modulated OOK=0: The power of all subcarriers in the segment is set to 0

[0105] ASK / OOK-3 In ASK / OOK-3, 0 and 1 states are indicated in multi-tone single-bit OOK. For example, a frequency unit such as a subcarrier is divided into L segments, and 1 and 0 in OOK are indicated as follows: OOK=1: One subcarrier in each segment is modulated, and the power of the remaining subcarriers is set to 0 OOK=0: The power of all subcarriers in all segments is set to 0

[0106] ASK / OOK-4 In ASK / OOK-4, the 0 and 1 states are represented by the M-bit OOK transform in the time domain. For example, OOK is generated by a transform such as DFT / least squares. An OFDM-based waveform is used to approximate the time-domain OOK signal. A set of frequency-domain signals is determined so that the time-domain signal after OFDM modulation is close to the OOK signal.

[0107] When FSK is used as the waveform / modulation method for information B, information indicating one of the following two options (methods) may be included in information A. The following two methods indicate how states (or information) such as 1 or 0 are represented in FSK.

[0108] FSK-1 In FSK-1, a frequency unit such as a subcarrier is separated into M pairs of segments, where one segment is modulated and the power of the other segment is set to zero.

[0109] FSK-2 In FSK-2, a frequency unit such as a subcarrier is divided into 2^M segments. One of the 2^M segments is modulated and the power of the remaining segments is set to 0.

[0110] 5. Coding Scheme Information A includes information on the coding scheme used for information B. The coding scheme may be, for example, the following coding schemes:

[0111] PIE (pulse interval encoding) PIE indicates a 0 or 1 based on the time when a reversal of amplitude, power, frequency, or phase is detected.

[0112] 13A and 13B are diagrams illustrating PIE. The vertical axis of each of the diagrams represents amplitude. The horizontal axis represents time. The vertical axis may represent power, frequency, or phase.

[0113] Data 0 and 1 are represented, for example, based on the following:

[0114] data=0: The amplitude remains at k for the time duration X1, and is inverted to l after the time duration X1. data=1: The amplitude remains at k for the time duration X2 (X2>X1), and is inverted to l after the time duration X2.

[0115] The definitions of data=0 and data=1 may be interchanged. For example, data 0 and 1 may be represented as follows:

[0116] data=0: The amplitude remains at k for the period X2, and is inverted to l after the period X2. data=1: The amplitude remains at k for the period X1, and is inverted to l after the period X1.

[0117] FM0 (frequency modulation 0) In FM0, the amplitude, power, frequency, or phase is inverted at the boundary of a time unit such as a symbol or slot. In FM0, when the data is 0, the amplitude, power, frequency, or phase is inverted, for example, in the center of the time unit. In FM0, when the data is 1, the amplitude, power, frequency, or phase is not inverted, for example, in the center of the time unit.

[0118] 14A and 14B are diagrams illustrating data 0 of FM0. The vertical axis of FIGS. 14A and 14B represents amplitude. The horizontal axis represents time. The vertical axis may represent power, frequency, or phase.

[0119] Data 0 is shown, for example, based on the following:

[0120] data=0: The amplitude is inverted at the boundary of a time unit such as a symbol or slot, and at the center of the time unit

[0121] 15A and 15B are diagrams illustrating data 1 of FM0. The vertical axis of FIGS. 15A and 15B represents amplitude. The horizontal axis represents time. The vertical axis may represent power, frequency, or phase.

[0122] Data 1 is shown, for example, based on the following:

[0123] data=1: The amplitude is inverted at the boundary of a time unit such as a symbol or slot, and is not inverted in the center of the time unit.

[0124] The definitions of data=0 and data=1 may be interchanged. For example, data 0 and 1 may be represented as follows:

[0125] data=0: The amplitude is inverted at the boundaries of time units such as symbols or slots, and is not inverted in the center of the time units. data=1: The amplitude is inverted at the boundaries of time units such as symbols or slots, and is inverted in the center of the time units.

[0126] Miller encoding: In Miller encoding, when the data is 0, the amplitude, power, frequency, or phase is not inverted in the middle of a time unit such as a symbol or slot, and when the data is 1, the amplitude, power, frequency, or phase is inverted in the middle of the time unit. Also, in Miller encoding, the amplitude, power, frequency, or phase is not inverted at the boundary of a time unit such as a symbol or slot.

[0127] 16A and 16B are diagrams illustrating data 0 in mirror encoding. The vertical axis in FIGS. 16A and 16B represents amplitude. The horizontal axis represents time. The vertical axis may represent power, frequency, or phase.

[0128] Data 0 is shown, for example, based on the following:

[0129] data=0: The amplitude is not inverted in the middle of a time unit such as a symbol or slot, and if there are consecutive 0s, the amplitude is inverted at the boundary of the time unit.

[0130] Fig. 17 is a diagram for explaining data 1 of mirror encoding. The vertical axis of Fig. 17 is amplitude. The horizontal axis is time. The vertical axis may also be power, frequency, or phase.

[0131] Data 1 is shown, for example, based on the following:

[0132] data=1: The amplitude is inverted at the center of the time unit, such as a symbol or slot.

[0133] The definitions of data=0 and data=1 may be interchanged. For example, data 0 and 1 may be represented as follows:

[0134] data=0: The amplitude is inverted in the middle of a time unit such as a symbol or slot. data=1: The amplitude is not inverted in the middle of a time unit such as a symbol or slot. If 1 continues, the amplitude is inverted at the boundary of the time unit.

[0135] Manchester coding inverts the amplitude, power, frequency, or phase at the center of a time unit such as a symbol or slot. Also, in Manchester coding, the amplitude, power, frequency, or phase is inverted between two data 0s, and the amplitude, power, frequency, or phase is inverted between two data 1s.

[0136] 18A and 18B are diagrams illustrating Manchester coding. The vertical axis in Fig. 18A and Fig. 18B represents amplitude. The horizontal axis represents time. Note that the vertical axis may represent power, frequency, or phase.

[0137] Data 0 and 1 are represented, for example, based on the following:

[0138] data=0: The amplitude is inverted from l to k (k>l) at the center of a time unit such as a symbol or slot. data=1: The amplitude is inverted from k to l at the center of a time unit such as a symbol or slot.

[0139] The definitions of data=0 and data=1 may be interchanged. For example, data 0 and 1 may be represented as follows:

[0140] data=0: The amplitude is inverted from k to l at the center of a time unit such as a symbol or slot. data=1: The amplitude is inverted from l to k at the center of a time unit such as a symbol or slot.

[0141] 6. Related Information of Target A-IoT UE Information A includes information about the A-IoT UE (target A-IoT UE) that will receive Information A. This information can be considered as the destination information of Information A. A network such as a BS / int. UE transmits (notifies) Information A to, for example, all or some of the A-IoT UEs under its control based on the destination information included in Information A. The A-IoT UE receives Information A based on the destination information of the A-IoT UE that will receive Information A, which is included in Information A.

[0142] Information A includes information about the target A-IoT UE that will receive information B. This information can be considered as destination information for information B. A network such as a BS / int. UE transmits (notifies) information B to, for example, all or some of the A-IoT UEs under its control based on the destination information included in information A. The A-IoT UE receives information B based on the destination information of the A-IoT UE that will receive information B, which is included in information A.

[0143] The destination information may be, for example, an ID (identifier) ​​unique to the A-IoT UE, or an ID notified by the network.

[0144] The ID notified from the network may be static or dynamic. The ID notified from the network may be notified, for example, by higher layer signaling such as RRC, or may be notified during initial access such as random access. The ID notified from the network may be, for example, an ID identified by a group such as a cell, an ID identified by an individual A-IoT UE, or an ID identified by a UE group consisting of multiple A-IoT UEs. Information A may be scrambled with destination information such as an ID.

[0145] 7. Contents / Format of Information B Information A includes information indicating what content is to be transmitted in information B / information on the format of information B.

[0146] The format of information B is, for example, the time / frequency resources / coding method / waveform etc. of information B. The format of information B (time / frequency resources / coding method / waveform etc.) is predefined in multiple specifications / set by the network, and one format is specified in information A. The A-IoT UE receives information B using the format specified in information A.

[0147] <Proposal 1: Variation 1> The information for receiving information B (the information described in 1. to 7. above) may be predefined in a specification or may be preconfigured in configuration information transmitted from a network such as a BS / int. UE. Note that the configuration information is different from information A and may be notified by higher layer signaling such as RRC.

[0148] The information for receiving information B may be divided into information indicated in information A, information predefined in the specifications, and information preset in the setting information. In other words, part of the information for receiving information B may be indicated in information A, part may be predefined in the specifications, and part may be preset in the setting information.

[0149] <Proposal 1: Variation 2> The information for receiving information A may be predefined in the specifications or may be preconfigured in the configuration information transmitted from the network, such as the BS / int. UE. The information for receiving information A may be the information described in 1. to 7. above.

[0150] The information for receiving information A may be divided into information predefined in the specifications and information preconfigured in the configuration information. In other words, part of the information for receiving information A may be predefined in the specifications and part may be preconfigured in the configuration information.

[0151] <Proposal 1: Variation 3> Multiple candidates for information for receiving information A / information B may be predefined in a specification or may be preconfigured in configuration information transmitted from a network such as a BS / int. UE. The A-IoT UE may blind decode the multiple predefined / preconfigured candidates and receive information A / information B.

[0152] <Proposal 1: Variation 4> One piece of information A may be applied to only one piece of information B.

[0153] When one piece of information A is followed by multiple pieces of information B, the single piece of information A may be applied to the multiple pieces of subsequent information B. Part of the information included in information A may be applied to the single piece of information B, and part of the information included in information A may be applied to the multiple pieces of information B.

[0154] <Proposal 1: Variation 5> The A-IoT UE may report the information it supports (the information described in 1. to 7. above) as capabilities to the network such as the BS / int. UE.

[0155] <Proposal 1: Variation 6> Information A and information B may be notified to the A-IoT UE using the same physical layer channel, or may be notified to the A-IoT UE using different physical layer channels.

[0156] <Proposal 1: Variation 7> Step 2 may include only receiving information B (data information). In other words, receiving information A (control information) may be omitted. All or part of the information for receiving information B (the information described in 1. to 7. above) may be predefined in the specifications or preconfigured in the configuration information.

[0157] <Proposal 1: Variation 8> Information A and information B may be transmitted in one time / frequency resource without being separated.

[0158] Resource information of information A and information B in one time / frequency resource may be predefined in a specification or preconfigured in configuration information. For example, information on which part of one time / frequency resource is a resource for information A and which part is a resource for information B may be predefined or preconfigured.

[0159] The resource information of information A / information B in one time / frequency resource may be indicated, for example, using the number of symbols or slots from the starting symbol or starting slot of one time / frequency resource. For example, the resource of information A may be indicated as from the starting symbol X to the Y symbol of one time / frequency resource, and the resource of information B may be the remaining resource. The A-IoT UE may buffer the entire information (the entire time / frequency resource), decode information A based on the resource information of information A, and decode information B after decoding information A.

[0160] <Proposal 1: Summary> A-IoT UE receives information B based on information A transmitted from a network such as BS / int. UE. This operation allows A-IoT UE to properly receive information from a network such as BS / int. UE.

[0161] <Proposal 2> Proposal 2 proposes a technology that enables A-IoT UE to transmit appropriate signals to networks such as BS / int. UE. In Proposal 2, the following options 1 and 2 are proposed.

[0162] <Proposal 2: Option 1> In Proposal 2: Option 1, the information that the A-IoT UE receives from a network such as a BS / int. UE includes information on the signal that the A-IoT UE transmits to the network such as a BS / int. UE. The A-IoT UE transmits a signal to the network such as a BS / int. UE based on the information it receives from the network such as a BS / int. UE.

[0163] For example, as described above in <Communication Flow>, the A-IoT UE receives information in step 2 of the DO-DTT communication flow in Topology 1 and transmits a signal to the base station in step 3. Based on the information received in step 2, the A-IoT UE transmits a signal to the base station (step 3).

[0164] Also, as described above in <Communication Flow>, the A-IoT UE receives information in step 2 of the DO-DTT communication flow in Topology 2 and transmits a signal to the int. UE in step 3. The A-IoT UE transmits a signal to the int. UE based on the information received in step 2.

[0165] Figure 19 is a diagram illustrating Proposal 2: Option 1. Figure 19 shows the signal flow between the base station (gNB) and the A-IoT UE (step 1 is not shown). Figure 19 also shows the signal flow of DO-DTT in Topology 1.

[0166] As shown in Figure 19, in DO-DTT in Topology 1, the A-IoT UE receives information from the base station (step 2). The A-IoT UE transmits a signal to the base station based on the information received from the base station (step 3).

[0167] Note that Figure 19 explains signal transmission for DO-DTT in topology 1, but in DO-DTT in topology 2, the A-IoT UE similarly transmits a signal to the int. UE based on the information received from the int. UE in step 2 (step 3).

[0168] In addition, the A-IoT UE may transmit signals to a network such as a BS / int. UE based on information A / information B described in Proposal 1.

[0169] The information received in step 2 includes one or more of the following information 1. to 8.

[0170] 1. Time Domain Resources The information received in step 2 includes information on frequency domain resources of the signal to be transmitted in step 3. The time domain resources may be, for example, the start time resource / number of time resources of the signal to be transmitted in step 3. The time start resource / number of time resources may be indicated in time units such as slots or symbols.

[0171] 2. Frequency Domain Resources The information received in step 2 includes information on frequency domain resources of the signal to be transmitted in step 3. The frequency domain resources may be, for example, a starting frequency resource / the number of frequency resources of the signal to be transmitted in step 3. The starting frequency resource / the number of frequency resources may be indicated in frequency units such as subcarriers or resource blocks.

[0172] 3. Code Domain Resources The information received in step 2 includes information on code domain resources to be used (applied) to the signal to be transmitted in step 3. The code domain resources may be, for example, a base sequence (reference sequence) length / base sequence (reference sequence) index / cyclic shift / orthogonal cover code index to be used for the signal to be transmitted in step 3.

[0173] 4. Waveform / Modulation Method The information received in step 2 includes information on the waveform / modulation method used for the signal to be transmitted in step 3. The waveform / modulation method may be, for example, ASK (OOK), FSK, PSK, or OFDM.

[0174] If ASK (OOK) is used as the waveform / modulation method of the signal transmitted in step 3, information indicating one of the four candidates described in "4. Waveform / Modulation Method" in <Proposal 1> may be included in the information received in step 2.

[0175] 5. Coding Scheme The information received in step 2 includes information on the coding scheme used for the signal to be transmitted in step 3. The coding scheme may be the scheme described in "5. Coding Scheme" in <Proposal 1>.

[0176] 6. Target A-IoT UE Related Information The information received in step 2 includes information about the A-IoT UE (target A-IoT UE) that receives the information in step 2. This information can be considered as destination information for the information in step 2. A network such as a BS / int. UE transmits (notifies) the information in step 2 to, for example, all or some of the A-IoT UEs under its control, based on the destination information included in the information in step 2.

[0177] The destination information may be, for example, a unique ID of the A-IoT UE or an ID notified by the network.

[0178] The ID notified from the network may be static or dynamic. The ID notified from the network may be notified, for example, by higher layer signaling such as RRC, or may be notified during initial access such as random access. The ID notified from the network may be, for example, an ID identified by a group such as a cell, an ID identified by an individual A-IoT UE, or an ID identified by a UE group consisting of multiple A-IoT UEs. The information received in step 2 may be scrambled with destination information such as an ID.

[0179] The information received in step 2 includes information about the target A-IoT UE that will transmit the signal in step 3. For example, the information received in step 2 may include a unique ID of the A-IoT UE that will transmit the signal in step 3, or an ID notified to the A-IoT UE by the network.

[0180] 7. Content / Format of Signal in Step 3 The information received in step 2 includes information indicating what content will be transmitted in the signal to be transmitted in step 3 / information on the format of the signal in step 3.

[0181] The format of the signal in step 3 is, for example, the time / frequency resources / coding method / waveform of the signal in step 3. The format of the signal in step 3 (time / frequency resources / coding method / waveform, etc.) is specified in advance in multiple specifications / set from the network, and one format is specified in the information received in step 2. The A-IoT UE transmits the signal in step 3 using the format specified in the information received in step 2.

[0182] 8. Transmission power of the signal in step 3 The information received in step 2 includes information on the transmission power of the signal to be transmitted in step 3. The A-IoT UE controls the transmission power of the signal to be transmitted in step 3 based on the transmission power information included in the information received in step 2.

[0183] <Proposal 2: Option 2> In Proposal 2: Option 2, Step 3, in which the A-IoT UE sends a signal to a network such as a BS / int. UE, is divided into two sub-steps. For example, Step 3 is divided into the following Step 3A and Step 3B.

[0184] Step 3A: The A-IoT UE transmits signal A, e.g., control information, to a network such as a BS / int. UE. Step 3B: The A-IoT UE transmits signal B, e.g., data information, to a network such as a BS / int. UE.

[0185] Figure 20 is a diagram illustrating Proposal 2: Option 2. Figure 20 shows the signal flow between the base station (gNB) and the A-IoT UE (step 1 is not shown). Figure 20 also shows the signal flow of DO-DTT in Topology 1.

[0186] As shown in Figure 20, step 3 of transmitting a signal to the base station is divided into step 3A and step 3B. The A-IoT UE transmits signal A to the base station in step 3A and signal B in step 3B.

[0187] Signal A may include information about signal B to be transmitted to the base station. The base station receives signal B based on the information included in signal A. Signal A may be referred to as control information, and signal B may be referred to as data information.

[0188] The information about signal B may be the information described in 1. to 8. of <Proposal 2: Option 1>. For example, the A-IoT UE may apply one or more pieces of information described in 1. to 8. of <Proposal 2: Option 1> to signal B to be transmitted to the base station, and transmit the information applied to signal B to the base station in signal A as information about signal B.

[0189] Note that in Figure 20, signal transmission for DO-DTT in topology 1 was explained, but in DO-DTT in topology 2, the A-IoT UE similarly divides step 3 into two steps, step 3A and step 3B, and transmits signals A and B to the int. UE.

[0190] <Proposal 2: Variation 1> The information applied to signal B (e.g., the information described in 1. to 8. of Proposal 2) may be indicated by the information in step 2 / step 2A / step 2B, may be predefined in a specification, or may be preconfigured in configuration information sent from the network, such as BS / int. UE.

[0191] The information applied to signal B may be divided into information indicated in step 2 / step 2A / step 2B, information predefined in the specification, and information preconfigured in the configuration information. In other words, the information applied to signal B may be partly indicated in step 2 / step 2A / step 2B, partly predefined in the specification, and partly preconfigured in the configuration information. Furthermore, the information applied to signal B may be transmitted to the network in signal A.

[0192] <Proposal 2: Variation 2> The information applied to signal A (e.g., the information described in 1. to 8. of Proposal 2) may be indicated by the information in step 2 / step 2A / step 2B, may be predefined in a specification, or may be preconfigured in configuration information transmitted from a network such as a BS / int. UE.

[0193] The information applied to signal A may be divided into information indicated in step 2 / step 2A / step 2B, information predefined in the specification, and information preset in the configuration information. In other words, the information applied to signal A may be partly indicated in step 2 / step 2A / step 2B, partly predefined in the specification, and partly preset in the configuration information.

[0194] <Proposal 2: Variation 3> Multiple candidates for the information to transmit signal A / signal B may be predefined in a specification or may be instructed by a network such as a BS / int. UE. The A-IoT UE may select one of the multiple candidates and transmit signal A / signal B. The network such as a BS / int. UE may blind decode the multiple candidates and receive signal A / signal B.

[0195] <Proposal 2: Variation 4> The piece of information in step 2 may be applied to one or more of the multiple signals in step 3. For example, the piece of information in step 2 may be applied to one or both of signal A and signal B in step 3. A portion of the piece of information in step 2 may be applied to one of the multiple signals in step 3, and a portion of the piece of information in step 2 may be applied to the multiple signals in step 3.

[0196] <Proposal 2: Variation 5> One signal A may be applied to only one signal B.

[0197] When one signal A is followed by multiple signals B, one signal A may be applied to the subsequent multiple signals B. Part of the information contained in signal A may be applied to one signal B, and part of the information contained in signal A may be applied to multiple signals B.

[0198] <Proposal 2: Variation 6> The A-IoT UE may report the information it supports (the information described in 1. to 8. of <Proposal 2: Option 1>) as capabilities to the network such as the BS / int. UE.

[0199] <Proposal 2: Variation 7> Signal A and signal B may be transmitted to a network such as a BS / int. UE using the same physical layer channel, or may be transmitted to a network such as a BS / int. UE using different physical layer channels.

[0200] <Proposal 2: Variation 8> Signal A and signal B may be transmitted in one time / frequency resource without being separated.

[0201] Resource information of signal A and signal B in one time / frequency resource may be predefined in a specification or preconfigured in configuration information. For example, information on which part of one time / frequency resource is the resource for signal A and which part is the resource for signal B may be predefined or preconfigured.

[0202] The resource information of signal A / signal B in one time / frequency resource may be indicated, for example, using the number of symbols or slots from the starting symbol or starting slot of one time / frequency resource. For example, the resource of signal A may be indicated as from the starting symbol X to the Y symbol of one time / frequency resource, and the resource of signal B may be the remaining resource. A network such as a BS / int. UE may buffer the entire signal (the entire time / frequency resource), decode signal A based on the resource information of signal A, and decode signal B after decoding signal A.

[0203] <Proposal 2: Variation 9> Information A / Information B received in step 2A / step 2B may include one or more pieces of information 1. to 8. of Proposal 2. <Proposal 2: Summary> The A-IoT UE transmits a signal to a network such as a BS / int. UE based on the information received from the network such as a BS / int. UE. This operation allows the A-IoT UE to transmit an appropriate signal to a network such as a BS / int. UE.

[0204] <Proposal 3> Proposal 3 proposes a technology that enables A-IoT UE to appropriately determine whether or not to perform a signal transmission flow (step 3).

[0205] The A-IoT UE determines whether to perform a transmission flow (whether to execute a DT communication flow or a DO-DTT communication flow) based on one or more of the following 1. to 8.

[0206] 1. Received Information The A-IoT UE determines whether to transmit a flow based on information received from the network, such as the BS / int. UE. For example, the A-IoT UE determines whether to transmit a flow based on the following (a) or (b):

[0207] (a) Information for DT If the A-IoT UE receives information for DT (e.g., information about DT traffic) in step 2 / step 2A / step 2B, it determines that there is no transmission flow. Note that if the A-IoT UE receives information for DT in step 2, it may also determine that it has not received subsequent information (e.g., information B in step 2B).

[0208] (b) Information for DO-DTT If the A-IoT UE receives information for DO-DTT (e.g., information about DO-DTT traffic) in step 2 / step 2A / step 2B, it determines that there is a transmission flow.

[0209] 2. Time Domain Resources The A-IoT UE determines whether to transmit a flow based on the time domain resources of the information received from the network, such as the BS / int. UE. For example, the A-IoT UE determines whether to transmit a flow based on the size / location of the time domain resources of the information received in step 2 / step 2A / step 2B.

[0210] 3. Frequency Domain Resources The A-IoT UE determines whether to transmit a flow based on the frequency domain resources of the information received from the network, such as the BS / int. UE. For example, the A-IoT UE determines whether to transmit a flow based on the size / location of the frequency domain resources of the information received in step 2 / step 2A / step 2B.

[0211] 4. Code Domain Resources The A-IoT UE determines whether to transmit a flow based on the code domain resources used in the information received from the network, such as the BS / int. UE. For example, the A-IoT UE determines whether to transmit a flow based on the code domain resources used in the information received in step 2 / step 2A / step 2B.

[0212] 5. Indication The A-IoT UE determines whether or not there is a transmission flow based on the indication included in the information received from the network, such as the BS / int. UE. For example, the A-IoT UE determines whether or not there is a transmission flow based on the indication included in the information received in step 2 / step 2A / step 2B, which indicates whether or not there is a transmission flow.

[0213] 6. Scrambling ID The A-IoT UE determines whether or not to transmit a flow based on the scrambling ID used in the information received from the network, such as the BS / int. UE. For example, the A-IoT UE determines whether or not to transmit a flow based on the scrambling ID used in the information received in step 2 / step 2A / step 2B. Note that the scrambling ID may be the ID described in "Related Information of the Target A-IoT UE" in <Proposal 1>.

[0214] 7. Carrier in Step 1 The A-IoT UE determines whether to transmit a flow based on the carrier in step 1. For example, the A-IoT UE determines whether to transmit a flow based on the waveform / time domain resource / frequency domain resource / code domain resource / signal duration / phase switch of the carrier in step 1.

[0215] 8. Size of received information The A-IoT UE determines whether to send a flow based on the size of the information received from the network, such as the BS / int. UE. For example, the A-IoT UE determines whether to send a flow based on the total payload size of the information received in step 2 / step 2A / step 2B.

[0216] <Proposal 3: Variation> An A-IoT UE may support only either DT or DO-DTT. When the A-IoT UE wakes up using the carrier waveform, it performs the supported DT or DO-DTT operation.

[0217] <Proposal 3: Summary> The A-IoT UE decides whether to transmit a signal to a network such as a BS / int. UE based on information transmitted from the network such as a BS / int. UE. This operation allows the A-IoT UE to appropriately determine whether to transmit a signal (Step 3).

[0218] <Proposal 4> The A-IoT UE receives information in DT and DO-DTT (Step 2 / Step 2A / Step 2B). Proposal 4 provides a technique for the A-IoT UE to perform appropriate information reception operations.

[0219] The size of the information received by the A-IoT UE is determined by the following options 1 to 5. The size of the information received by the A-IoT UE is the size of the information received in step 2 / step 2A / step 2B, for example, the size / payload length indicated in bits.

[0220] <Proposal 4: Option 1> The size of the information received by the A-IoT UE is a fixed value and defined in the specification. The maximum / minimum value of the size of the information received by the A-IoT UE may also be defined in the specification.

[0221] <Proposal 4: Option 2> The size of the information received by the A-IoT UE is notified by the network, such as the BS / int. UE.

[0222] For example, the size of the information received by the A-IoT UE is indicated by information prior to the reception of the information of step 2 / step 2A / step 2B. For example, the size of the information received by the A-IoT UE is indicated by RRC / MAC CE / DCI.

[0223] <Proposal 4: Option 3> The size of the information received by the A-IoT UE is limited to multiple candidates. For example, the size of the information received by the A-IoT UE is limited to three candidates: X bits, Y bits, and Z bits. One of the multiple candidates is notified to the A-IoT UE by the network, such as the BS / int. UE.

[0224] <Proposal 4: Option 4> The size of the information received by the A-IoT UE is implicitly indicated by the network, such as the BS / int. UE. For example, the size of the information received by the A-IoT UE is associated with a parameter notified by the network, such as the BS / int. UE. The number of parameters to which the size of the information is associated may be one or more.

[0225] The parameter to which the size of the information is associated may be, for example, a time domain resource / frequency domain resource / waveform / modulation scheme / coding scheme. For example, the number of bits of information received by the A-IoT UE may be calculated based on the size of the time domain resource / frequency domain resource.

[0226] The parameter to which the size of the information is associated may be, for example, the type / format of the information. Each type / format may be associated with, for example, a different fixed number of bits. The type / format may be signaled by the network, such as the BS / int. UE. The type of information may indicate whether it is control information or data information.

[0227] <Proposal 4: Option 5> The size of the information received by the A-IoT UE is limited to multiple candidates. For example, the size of the information received by the A-IoT UE is limited to three candidates: X bits, Y bits, and Z bits. The A-IoT UE blindly decodes the received information using the multiple candidates. The multiple candidates may be notified by the network, such as the BS / int. UE, or may be defined in a specification.

[0228] <Proposal 4: Variation 1> A-IoT UE may report the size / maximum / minimum values ​​of the information it can receive as capabilities to the network such as BS / int. UE.

[0229] <Proposal 4: Variation 2> The A-IoT UE may support multiple options in <Proposal 4>. The A-IoT UE may change the options it applies depending on the type of information it receives.

[0230] For example, the magnitude / maximum / minimum values ​​of information A received in step 2A may be fixed, variable or semi-static.

[0231] For example, the magnitude / maximum / minimum values ​​of information B received in step 2B may be variable and dynamic.

[0232] For example, the size / maximum / minimum values ​​of information B received in step 2B may be variable and semi-static, taking into account use cases such as commands. In A-IoT, it is assumed that the packet size from a network such as a BS / int. UE is somewhat fixed.

[0233] <Proposal 4: Variation 3> The size / maximum / minimum values ​​of the information that the A-IoT UE can receive may differ depending on whether the information it receives is information A or information B.

[0234] <Proposal 4: Summary> The size of information to be received by the A-IoT UE is notified to the A-IoT UE from the network, such as predefined / BS / int. UE. This configuration allows the A-IoT UE to perform appropriate reception operations for the information. For example, the A-IoT UE only needs to receive information of the predefined / notified size, and can perform appropriate reception operations for the information.

[0235] <Proposal 5> The A-IoT UE transmits signals in DO-DTT (Step 3 / Step 3A / Step 3B). Proposal 5 provides a technique for the A-IoT UE to perform appropriate signal transmission operations.

[0236] The magnitude of the signal transmitted by the A-IoT UE is determined by the following options 1 to 5. The magnitude of the signal transmitted by the A-IoT UE is the magnitude of the signal transmitted in step 3 / step 3A / step 3B, and is expressed in bits, for example.

[0237] <Proposal 5: Option 1> The magnitude of the signal transmitted by the A-IoT UE is a fixed value and defined in the specification. The maximum / minimum magnitude of the signal transmitted by the A-IoT UE may be defined in the specification.

[0238] <Proposal 5: Option 2> The magnitude of the signal transmitted by the A-IoT UE is notified by the network such as the BS / int. UE, or is reported by the A-IoT UE to the network such as the BS / int. UE.

[0239] For example, the magnitude of the signal transmitted by the A-IoT UE is indicated by information received by the A-IoT UE prior to the transmission of the signal in step 3 / step 3A / step 3B, e.g., the magnitude of the signal transmitted by the A-IoT UE is indicated by RRC / MAC CE / DCI.

[0240] For example, the magnitude of signal B transmitted by the A-IoT UE is indicated by information transmitted by the A-IoT UE prior to the transmission of the signal in step 3 / step 3A / step 3B, e.g., the magnitude of the signal transmitted by the A-IoT UE is reported by RRC / MAC CE / DCI.

[0241] <Proposal 5: Option 3> The magnitude of the signal transmitted by the A-IoT UE is limited to multiple candidates. For example, the magnitude of the signal transmitted by the A-IoT UE is limited to three candidates: X bits, Y bits, and Z bits. One of the multiple candidates is notified to the A-IoT UE by a network such as a BS / int. UE. Alternatively, one of the multiple candidates is reported from the A-IoT UE to a network such as a BS / int. UE.

[0242] <Proposal 5: Option 4> The magnitude of the signal transmitted by the A-IoT UE is implicitly instructed by the network, such as the BS / int. UE, or is implicitly reported by the A-IoT UE to the network, such as the BS / int. UE.

[0243] For example, the magnitude of a signal transmitted by an A-IoT UE is associated with a parameter reported by a network such as a BS / int. UE. For example, the magnitude of a signal transmitted by an A-IoT UE is associated with a parameter reported by the A-IoT UE to a network such as a BS / int. UE. The number of parameters to which the signal magnitude is associated may be one or more.

[0244] The parameter to which the signal magnitude is associated may be, for example, a time domain resource / frequency domain resource / waveform / modulation scheme / coding scheme. For example, the number of bits of a signal transmitted by an A-IoT UE may be calculated based on the size of the time domain resource / frequency domain resource.

[0245] The parameter to which the signal magnitude is associated may be, for example, the signal type / format. Each type / format may be associated with, for example, a different fixed number of bits. The type / format may be signaled by the network, such as the BS / int. UE, or may be reported by the A-IoT UE to the network, such as the BS / int. UE.

[0246] <Proposal 5: Option 5> The magnitude of the signal transmitted by the A-IoT UE is limited to multiple candidates. For example, the magnitude of the signal transmitted by the A-IoT UE is limited to three candidates: X bits, Y bits, and Z bits.

[0247] The A-IoT UE determines one candidate from multiple candidates. The network, such as a BS / int. UE, blindly decodes the received signal using the multiple candidates. The multiple candidates may be signaled by the network, such as a BS / int. UE, or reported by the A-IoT UE to the network, such as a BS / int. UE. The multiple candidates may be defined in a specification.

[0248] <Proposal 5: Variation 1> A-IoT UE may report the signal size / maximum / minimum values ​​that it can transmit as capabilities to the network such as BS / int. UE.

[0249] <Proposal 5: Variation 2> The A-IoT UE may support multiple options in <Proposal 5>. The A-IoT UE may change the options it applies depending on the type of signal it transmits.

[0250] For example, the magnitude / max / min of signal A transmitted in step 3A may be fixed, variable or quasi-static.

[0251] For example, the magnitude / max / min of signal B transmitted in step 3B may be variable and dynamic.

[0252] For example, the magnitude / maximum / minimum values ​​of signal B transmitted in step 3B may be variable and semi-static, taking into account use cases such as inventory. Note that in A-IoT, it is assumed that the packet size to a network such as a BS / int. UE is somewhat fixed.

[0253] <Proposal 5: Variation 3> The magnitude / maximum / minimum values ​​of the signal that the A-IoT UE can transmit may differ depending on whether the signal being transmitted is signal A or signal B.

[0254] <Proposal 5: Summary> The size of information transmitted by the A-IoT UE is predefined / notified by the network (e.g., BS / int. UE) to the A-IoT UE, or reported by the A-IoT UE to the network (e.g., BS / int. UE). This configuration allows the A-IoT UE to perform appropriate signal transmission operations. For example, the A-IoT UE only needs to transmit a signal of the predefined / notified size, and can perform appropriate signal transmission operations.

[0255] <Configuration of Base Station> Fig. 21 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a base station 10 according to an embodiment. The base station 10 includes, for example, a transmitting unit 101, a receiving unit 102, and a control unit 103. The base station 10 communicates with the device 20 (see Fig. 22) wirelessly. The base station 10 may be an intermediate node, a support node, or a terminal (a terminal in SL that communicates with the device 20).

[0256] The transmitter 101 transmits a downlink (DL) signal to the device 20. For example, the transmitter 101 transmits the DL signal under the control of the controller 103.

[0257] The DL signal may include, for example, a downlink data signal and control information (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI)). The DL signal may also include information indicating scheduling related to signal transmission of the device 20 (e.g., an UL grant). The DL signal may also include control information of higher layers (e.g., control information of Radio Resource Control (RRC)). The DL signal may also include a reference signal.

[0258] The channels used for transmitting DL signals include, for example, a data channel and a control channel. For example, the data channel may include a PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel), and the control channel may include a PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel). For example, the base station 10 transmits control information to the device 20 using the PDCCH and transmits downlink data signals using the PDSCH.

[0259] The reference signal included in the DL signal may include at least one of a demodulation reference signal (Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS)), a Phase Tracking Reference Signal (PTRS), a Channel State Information-Reference Signal (CSI-RS), a Sounding Reference Signal (SRS), and a Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) for position information. For example, reference signals such as DMRS and PTRS are used for demodulating downlink data signals and are transmitted using the PDSCH.

[0260] The receiving unit 102 receives an uplink (UL) signal transmitted from the device 20. For example, the receiving unit 102 receives the UL signal under the control of the control unit 103.

[0261] The control unit 103 controls the communication operations of the base station 10 , including the transmission processing of the transmission unit 101 and the reception processing of the reception unit 102 .

[0262] For example, the control unit 103 acquires information such as data and control information from the upper layer and outputs it to the transmitting unit 101. The control unit 103 also outputs the data, control information, etc. received from the receiving unit 102 to the upper layer.

[0263] For example, the control unit 103 allocates resources (or channels) used for transmitting and receiving DL signals and / or resources used for transmitting and receiving UL signals based on signals (e.g., data and control information, etc.) received from the device 20 and / or data and control information, etc. acquired from a higher layer. Information on the allocated resources may be included in control information transmitted to the device 20.

[0264] The control unit 103 configures PUCCH resources as an example of allocation of resources used for transmitting and receiving UL signals. Information related to PUCCH configuration such as a PUCCH cell timing pattern (PUCCH configuration information) may be notified to the device 20 by RRC.

[0265] Here, the transmitter 101 transmits wireless power to wake up the device 20. The wireless power may be a signal such as a carrier waveform.

[0266] The transmitting unit 101 transmits information. The information may be information A / information B. The control unit 103 may include information for the device 20 to receive information B in information A. The control unit 103 may include information for the device 20 to transmit a signal / signal A / signal B in information / information A.

[0267] The receiving unit 202 receives a signal from the device 20. The signal may be signal A / signal B. The control unit 103 may receive the signal from the device 20 based on information transmitted to the device 20 by the device 20 in order to transmit the signal / signal A / signal B. The control unit 103 may receive signal B based on information regarding signal B included in signal A.

[0268] The transmitting unit 101 transmits to the device 20 information for the device 20 to determine whether or not to transmit the signal / signal A / signal B.

[0269] 22 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the device 20 according to the embodiment. The device 20 is a device with lower complexity than a Narrow Band-Internet of Things (NB-IoT) device, and is, for example, an A-IoT UE.

[0270] The device 20 includes, for example, a receiving unit 201, a transmitting unit 202, and a control unit 203. The device 20 communicates with, for example, the base station 10 wirelessly. The device 20 may be, for example, an A-IoT device.

[0271] The receiving unit 201 receives a DL signal transmitted from the base station 10. For example, the receiving unit 201 receives the DL signal under the control of the control unit 203.

[0272] The transmitting unit 202 transmits the UL signal to the base station 10. For example, the transmitting unit 202 transmits the UL signal under the control of the control unit 203.

[0273] The UL signal may include, for example, an uplink data signal and control information (e.g., UCI). For example, information related to the processing capabilities of the device 20 (e.g., UE capability) may be included. The UL signal may also include a reference signal.

[0274] The channels used for transmitting UL signals include, for example, a data channel and a control channel. For example, the data channel includes a PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel), and the control channel includes a PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel). For example, the device 20 receives control information from the base station 10 using the PUCCH and transmits uplink data signals using the PUSCH.

[0275] The reference signals included in the UL signal may include, for example, at least one of DMRS, PTRS, CSI-RS, SRS, and PRS. For example, the reference signals such as DMRS and PTRS are used for demodulating the uplink data signal and are transmitted using an uplink channel (for example, PUSCH).

[0276] The control unit 203 controls the communication operations of the device 20 , including the reception processing in the receiving unit 201 and the transmission processing in the transmitting unit 202 .

[0277] For example, the control unit 203 acquires information such as data and control information from the upper layer and outputs it to the transmitting unit 202. Also, the control unit 203 outputs, for example, the data and control information received from the receiving unit 201 to the upper layer.

[0278] For example, the control unit 203 controls transmission of information to be fed back to the base station 10. The information to be fed back to the base station 10 may include, for example, HARQ-ACK, channel state information (CSI), or a scheduling request (SR). The information to be fed back to the base station 10 may be included in UCI. The UCI is transmitted in the resources of the PUCCH.

[0279] The control unit 203 sets PUCCH resources based on configuration information (for example, configuration information such as a PUCCH cell timing pattern notified by RRC and / or DCI) received from the base station 10. The control unit 203 determines the PUCCH resources to be used for transmitting information to be fed back to the base station 10. Under the control of the control unit 203, the transmission unit 202 transmits the information to be fed back to the base station 10 in the PUCCH resources determined by the control unit 203.

[0280] Note that the channel used for transmitting the DL signal and the channel used for transmitting the UL signal are not limited to the above-mentioned examples. For example, the channel used for transmitting the DL signal and the channel used for transmitting the UL signal may include a Random Access Channel (RACH) and a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH). The RACH may be used to transmit Downlink Control Information (DCI) including a Random Access Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RA-RNTI), for example.

[0281] Here, the control unit 203 wakes up the device 20 based on wireless power from the base station 10. After the device 20 wakes up, the receiving unit 201 receives second information transmitted from the base station 10 based on first information transmitted from the base station 10. The first information may be information A. The second information may be information B. The first information may include the information described in 1. to 7. of Proposal 1.

[0282] The receiving unit 201 may receive the second information based on resource information of the second information included in the first information. The resource information may be time domain resources / frequency domain resources.

[0283] The first information may include destination information regarding a device that receives the first information. The receiving unit 201 may receive the first information based on the destination information.

[0284] The receiving unit 201 may receive the first information and / or the second information based on predetermined information about the size of the first information and / or the second information. The information about the size of the first information and / or the second information may be predetermined (preset) by, for example, specifications / setting information.

[0285] The receiving unit 201 may receive information on the size of the first information and / or the second information from the base station 10, and receive the first information and / or the second information based on the received information.

[0286] Furthermore, the transmitter 202 transmits a signal to the base station 10 based on information transmitted from the base station 10. The information transmitted from the base station 10 may be information A. The information transmitted from the base station 10 may include the information described in 1. to 8. of Proposal 2.

[0287] The transmitting unit 202 may transmit the signal based on resource information of the signal included in the information transmitted from the base station 10. The transmitting unit 202 may transmit the signal based on information regarding a predetermined magnitude of the signal or information regarding the magnitude of the signal notified from the base station 10.

[0288] The transmitter 202 may transmit a first signal and a second signal to the base station 10 based on information transmitted from the base station 10. The transmitter 202 may include information regarding the second signal in the first signal. The first signal may be signal A. The second signal may be signal B.

[0289] The transmitter 202 may include information about the resources of the second signal in the first signal. The resource information may be time domain resources / frequency domain resources.

[0290] The transmitting unit 202 may report to the base station 10 information regarding the magnitude of the signal to be transmitted to the base station 10 .

[0291] Furthermore, the control unit 203 determines whether or not to transmit a signal to the base station 10 based on information transmitted from the base station 10. The information transmitted from the base station 10 may be the information described in 1. to 8. of Proposal 3.

[0292] The information transmitted from the base station 10 may be, for example, information for DT terminated in the device 20. The information transmitted from the base station 10 may be, for example, information for DO-DTT that triggers signal transmission from the device.

[0293] The control unit 203 may determine whether or not to transmit a signal based on the resource of the information transmitted from the base station 10. The resource may be a time domain resource / frequency domain resource.

[0294] The control unit 203 may determine whether or not to transmit a signal based on the code resource of the information transmitted from the base station 10. The code resource may be a base sequence index / cyclic shift / orthogonal cover code index used for the information transmitted from the base station 10.

[0295] The control unit 203 may determine whether or not to transmit a signal based on an indication included in the information transmitted from the base station 10 .

[0296] The present disclosure has been described above. Note that the division of items in the above description is not essential to the present disclosure, and items described in two or more items may be used in combination as needed, and items described in one item may be applied to items described in another item (unless they are inconsistent).

[0297] <Hardware Configuration, etc.> The block diagrams used to explain the above embodiments show functional blocks. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, the method for realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using a single device that is physically or logically coupled, or may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are directly or indirectly connected (e.g., using wires, wirelessly, etc.) and these multiple devices. The functional block may also be realized by combining software with the single device or the multiple devices.

[0298] Functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, determination, assessment, calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, consideration, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assignment. For example, a functional block (component) that performs transmission is called a transmitting unit or transmitter. As mentioned above, there are no particular limitations on how these functions are implemented.

[0299] For example, a base station, a device, or the like according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer that performs processing of the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Fig. 23 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a device according to this embodiment. The above-described base station 10 and device 20 may be physically configured as a computer including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, and the like.

[0300] In the following description, the term "apparatus" can be interpreted as a circuit, a device, a unit, etc. The hardware configuration of the base station 10 and the device 20 may be configured to include one or more of the apparatuses shown in the drawings, or may be configured to exclude some of the apparatuses.

[0301] Each function in the base station 10 and the device 20 is realized by loading specified software (programs) onto hardware such as the processor 1001 and memory 1002, causing the processor 1001 to perform calculations, control communication by the communication device 1004, and control at least one of reading and writing data in the memory 1002 and storage 1003.

[0302] The processor 1001 controls the entire computer by running, for example, an operating system. The processor 1001 may be configured by a central processing unit (CPU) including an interface with peripheral devices, a control device, an arithmetic unit, a register, etc. For example, the above-mentioned control unit 103 and control unit 203 may be realized by the processor 1001.

[0303] The processor 1001 also reads programs (program codes), software modules, data, etc. from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002 and executes various processes in accordance with these programs. The programs used are those that cause a computer to execute at least some of the operations described in the above-described embodiments. For example, the control unit 203 of the device 20 may be implemented by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and running on the processor 1001, and similar implementations may be made for other functional blocks. While the above-described various processes have been described as being executed by one processor 1001, they may also be executed simultaneously or sequentially by two or more processors 1001. The processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips. The programs may also be transmitted from a network via a telecommunications line.

[0304] The memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be configured by, for example, at least one of a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), a random access memory (RAM), etc. The memory 1002 may also be called a register, a cache, a main memory (primary storage device), etc. The memory 1002 can store executable programs (program codes), software modules, etc. for implementing a wireless communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0305] Storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium, and may be composed of at least one of, for example, an optical disk such as a CD-ROM (Compact Disc ROM), a hard disk drive, a flexible disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disk, a digital versatile disk, a Blu-ray (registered trademark) disk), a smart card, a flash memory (e.g., a card, a stick, a key drive), a floppy (registered trademark) disk, a magnetic strip, etc. Storage 1003 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device. The above-mentioned storage medium may be, for example, a database, a server, or other appropriate medium including at least one of memory 1002 and storage 1003.

[0306] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmission / reception device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as, for example, a network device, a network controller, a network card, a communication module, etc. The communication device 1004 may be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. to realize at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). For example, the above-mentioned transmitter 101, receiver 102, receiver 201, transmitter 202, etc. may be realized by the communication device 1004.

[0307] The input device 1005 is an input device (e.g., a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, etc.) that receives input from the outside. The output device 1006 is an output device (e.g., a display, a speaker, an LED lamp, etc.) that outputs to the outside. The input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be integrated into one device (e.g., a touch panel).

[0308] Furthermore, each device, such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or may be configured using different buses between each device.

[0309] Furthermore, the base station 10 and the device 20 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and some or all of the functional blocks may be realized by the hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these pieces of hardware.

[0310] <Notification of Information, Signaling> Notification of information is not limited to the embodiments described in the present disclosure and may be performed using other methods. For example, notification of information may be performed by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI)), higher layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB))), other signals, or a combination thereof. Furthermore, RRC signaling may be referred to as an RRC message, and may be, for example, an RRC Connection Setup message, an RRC Connection Reconfiguration message, or the like.

[0311] <Applicable Systems> The embodiments described in the present disclosure are applicable to LTE (Long Term Evolution), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4G (4th generation mobile communication system), 5G (5th generation mobile communication system), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG) (xG (x is, for example, an integer or a decimal)), FRA (Future Radio Access), NR (new Radio), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), W-CDMA (registered trademark), GSM (registered trademark), CDMA2000, UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.17 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.19 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.21 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.22 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.23 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.24 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.25 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.26 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.27 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.28 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.29 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.30 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.31 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.32 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.33 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.34 (WiMAX (registered trademark The present invention may be applied to at least one of systems using 802.20, UWB (Ultra-Wide Band), Bluetooth (registered trademark), or other suitable systems, and next-generation systems that are extended, modified, created, or defined based on these systems. The present invention may also be applied to a combination of multiple systems (e.g., a combination of LTE and / or LTE-A with 5G).

[0312] <Processing Procedures, etc.> The processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc. of each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be rearranged unless inconsistent. For example, the methods described in this disclosure present elements of various steps using an example order, and are not limited to the particular order presented.

[0313] <Operation of Base Station> In the present disclosure, specific operations described as being performed by a base station may also be performed by its upper node in some cases. In a network consisting of one or more network nodes having a base station, it is clear that various operations performed for communication with a terminal may be performed by at least one of the base station and another network node other than the base station (for example, an MME or an S-GW, etc., but are not limited to these). Although the above example illustrates a case where there is one other network node other than the base station, a combination of multiple other network nodes (for example, an MME and an S-GW) may also be used.

[0314] <Direction of Input / Output> Information, etc. (see <Information, Signal>) can be output from a higher layer (or a lower layer) to a lower layer (or a higher layer). It may also be input / output via multiple network nodes.

[0315] <Handling of Input / Output Information, etc.> Input / output information, etc. may be stored in a specific location (for example, memory) or may be managed using a management table. Input / output information, etc. may be overwritten, updated, or added. Output information, etc. may be deleted. Input information, etc. may be sent to another device.

[0316] <Determination method> The determination may be made based on a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), a Boolean value (true or false), or a comparison of numerical values ​​(e.g., comparison with a predetermined value).

[0317] <Variations of Aspects, etc.> Each aspect / embodiment described in the present disclosure may be used alone, in combination, or switched depending on the implementation. In addition, notification of predetermined information (e.g., notification that "X is true") is not limited to being done explicitly, but may be done implicitly (e.g., by not notifying the predetermined information).

[0318] Although the present disclosure has been described in detail above, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described herein. The present disclosure can be implemented in modified and altered forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the claims. Therefore, the description of the present disclosure is intended to be illustrative and does not have any limiting meaning on the present disclosure.

[0319] <Software> Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.

[0320] Software, instructions, information, etc. may also be transmitted or received over a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using wired technologies (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)), and / or wireless technologies (such as infrared, microwave), then these wired and / or wireless technologies are included within the definition of transmission media.

[0321] Information, Signals, etc., described in this disclosure may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc., which may be referred to throughout the above description, may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0322] Note that terms described in this disclosure and terms necessary for understanding this disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, at least one of a channel and a symbol may be a signal (signaling). Furthermore, a signal may be a message. Furthermore, a component carrier (CC) may be called a carrier frequency, a cell, a frequency carrier, etc.

[0323] <System, Network> As used in this disclosure, the terms "system" and "network" are used interchangeably.

[0324] <Parameter and Channel Names> Furthermore, the information, parameters, and the like described in the present disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, relative values ​​from a predetermined value, or other corresponding information. For example, a radio resource may be indicated by an index.

[0325] The names used for the above-described parameters are not intended to be limiting in any way. Furthermore, the mathematical expressions using these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. The various channels (e.g., PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements may be identified by any suitable names, and therefore the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not intended to be limiting in any way.

[0326] <Base Station> In the present disclosure, terms such as "base station (BS)," "radio base station," "fixed station," "NodeB," "eNodeB (eNB)," "gNodeB (gNB)," "access point," "transmission point," "reception point," "transmission / reception point," "cell," "sector," "cell group," "carrier," and "component carrier" may be used interchangeably. A base station may also be referred to by terms such as a macrocell, a small cell, a femtocell, and a picocell.

[0327] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells. When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the overall coverage area of ​​the base station can be partitioned into multiple smaller areas, and each smaller area can also be provided with communication services by a base station subsystem (e.g., a remote radio head (RRH)). The terms "cell" or "sector" refer to part or the entire coverage area of ​​a base station and / or base station subsystem that provides communication services within that coverage area.

[0328] In the present disclosure, the base station transmitting information to a terminal may be interpreted as the base station instructing the terminal to control or operate based on the information.

[0329] Mobile Station In this disclosure, the terms "Mobile Station (MS)," "user terminal," "User Equipment (UE)," "terminal," and the like may be used interchangeably.

[0330] A mobile station may also be referred to by those skilled in the art as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other suitable terminology.

[0331] <Base Station / Mobile Station> At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be referred to as a transmitting device, a receiving device, a communication device, etc. At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on a mobile object, the mobile object itself, etc. The mobile object refers to a movable object, and may move at any speed. Naturally, this also includes cases where the mobile object is stationary. Examples of the mobile object include, but are not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcars, rickshaws, ships and other watercraft, airplanes, rockets, satellites, drones (registered trademark), multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and objects mounted thereon. The mobile object may also be an autonomous mobile object operating based on an operational command. It may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), an unmanned mobile object (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device that does not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an IoT (Internet of Things) device such as a sensor.

[0332] Furthermore, the base station in the present disclosure may be read as a terminal. For example, the embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a terminal is replaced with communication between multiple terminals (which may be called, for example, D2D (Device-to-Device) or V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything)). In this case, the device 20 may be configured to have the functions of the base station 10 described above. Furthermore, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be read as terms corresponding to communication between terminals (for example, "side"). For example, terms such as an uplink channel and a downlink channel may be read as a side channel.

[0333] Similarly, the term "terminal" in the present disclosure may be read as a base station. In this case, the base station 10 may be configured to have the functions of the device 20 described above.

[0334] Fig. 24 shows an example configuration of a vehicle 2001. As shown in Fig. 24, the vehicle 2001 includes a drive unit 2002, a steering unit 2003, an accelerator pedal 2004, a brake pedal 2005, a shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, an axle 2009, an electronic control unit 2010, various sensors 2021 to 2029, an information service unit 2012, and a communication module 2013. Each aspect / embodiment described in the present disclosure may be applied to a communication device mounted on the vehicle 2001, and may be applied to the communication module 2013, for example.

[0335] The drive unit 2002 is configured, for example, by an engine, a motor, or a hybrid of an engine and a motor. The steering unit 2003 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels and the rear wheels based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by the user.

[0336] The electronic control unit 2010 is composed of a microprocessor 2031, a memory (ROM, RAM) 2032, and a communication port (IO port) 2033. Signals are input to the electronic control unit 2010 from various sensors 2021 to 2029 provided in the vehicle 2001. The electronic control unit 2010 may also be called an ECU (Electronic Control Unit).

[0337] The signals from the various sensors 2021 to 2029 include a current signal from a current sensor 2021 that senses the current of the motor, a rotation speed signal of the front and rear wheels obtained by a rotation speed sensor 2022, an air pressure signal of the front and rear wheels obtained by an air pressure sensor 2023, a vehicle speed signal obtained by a vehicle speed sensor 2024, an acceleration signal obtained by an acceleration sensor 2025, an accelerator pedal depression amount signal obtained by an accelerator pedal sensor 2029, a brake pedal depression amount signal obtained by a brake pedal sensor 2026, a shift lever operation signal obtained by a shift lever sensor 2027, and a detection signal for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc. obtained by an object detection sensor 2028.

[0338] The information service unit 2012 is composed of various devices, such as a car navigation system, an audio system, speakers, a television, and a radio, for providing (outputting) various types of information, such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, and one or more ECUs that control these devices. The information service unit 2012 provides various types of multimedia information and multimedia services to the occupants of the vehicle 2001 by using information acquired from external devices via the communication module 2013, etc.

[0339] The information service unit 2012 may include input devices (e.g., keyboards, mice, microphones, switches, buttons, sensors, touch panels, etc.) that accept input from the outside, and may also include output devices (e.g., displays, speakers, LED lamps, touch panels, etc.) that output to the outside.

[0340] The driving assistance system unit 2030 is composed of various devices that provide functions for preventing accidents and reducing the driving burden on the driver, such as millimeter-wave radar, LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), cameras, positioning locators (e.g., GNSS, etc.), map information (e.g., high-definition (HD) maps, autonomous vehicle (AV) maps, etc.), gyro systems (e.g., IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit), INS (Inertial Navigation System), etc.), AI (Artificial Intelligence) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. In addition, the driving assistance system unit 2030 transmits and receives various information via the communication module 2013 to realize the driving assistance function or the autonomous driving function.

[0341] The communication module 2013 can communicate with the microprocessor 2031 and components of the vehicle 2001 via the communication port. For example, the communication module 2013 transmits and receives data via the communication port 2033 to and from the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, axle 2009, microprocessor 2031 and memory (ROM, RAM) 2032 in the electronic control unit 2010, and sensors 2021 to 29, which are provided in the vehicle 2001.

[0342] The communication module 2013 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 2031 of the electronic control unit 2010 and can communicate with an external device. For example, it transmits and receives various information to and from the external device via wireless communication. The communication module 2013 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 2010. The external device may be, for example, a base station, a mobile station, or the like.

[0343] The communication module 2013 may transmit at least one of signals from the above-mentioned various sensors 2021 to 2029 input to the electronic control unit 2010, information obtained based on the signals, and information based on input from the outside (user) obtained via the information service unit 2012 to an external device via wireless communication. The electronic control unit 2010, the various sensors 2021 to 2029, the information service unit 2012, etc. may be referred to as input units that accept input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 2013 may include information based on the above-mentioned input.

[0344] The communication module 2013 receives various information (traffic information, traffic signal information, vehicle distance information, etc.) transmitted from an external device and displays it on the information service unit 2012 provided in the vehicle 2001. The information service unit 2012 may also be called an output unit that outputs information (for example, outputs information to a device such as a display or speaker based on the PDSCH received by the communication module 2013 (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH)).

[0345] Furthermore, the communication module 2013 stores various information received from external devices in a memory 2032 that can be used by the microprocessor 2031. Based on the information stored in the memory 2032, the microprocessor 2031 may control the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, axle 2009, sensors 2021 to 2029, and the like provided in the vehicle 2001.

[0346] <Meaning and Interpretation of Terms> As used in this disclosure, the terms "determining" and "determining" may encompass a wide variety of actions. "Determining" and "determining" may include, for example, judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, searching, inquiring (e.g., searching a table, database, or other data structure), ascertaining something that is considered to be a "judging" or "determining," and the like. "Determining" and "determining" may also include receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input, output, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), and the like that are considered to be a "judging" or "determining." Furthermore, "judgment" and "decision" can include regarding resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. as having been "judged" or "decided." In other words, "judgment" and "decision" can include regarding some action as having been "judged" or "decided." Furthermore, "judgment (decision)" can be interpreted as "assuming," "expecting," "considering," etc.

[0347] The terms "connected," "coupled," or any variation thereof, refer to any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are "connected" or "coupled" to each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, "connected" may be read as "access." As used in this disclosure, two elements may be considered to be "connected" or "coupled" to each other using one or more wires, cables, and / or printed electrical connections, as well as electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency range, microwave range, and optical (both visible and invisible) range, as some non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples.

[0348] <Reference Signal> A reference signal can also be abbreviated as RS (Reference Signal), and may also be called a pilot depending on the applicable standard.

[0349] <Meaning of "based on"> As used in this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based only on," unless expressly stated otherwise. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based only on" and "based at least on."

[0350] "First," "Second" Any reference to an element using designations such as "first," "second," etc., used in this disclosure does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Thus, a reference to a first and a second element does not imply that only two elements may be employed or that the first element must precede the second element in some way.

[0351] <Means> The "means" in the configuration of each device above may be replaced with "section," "circuit," "device," etc.

[0352] Open Format: When the terms "include," "including," and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms are intended to be inclusive, similar to the term "comprising." Furthermore, when the term "or" is used in this disclosure, it is not intended to be an exclusive or.

[0353] <Time Units such as TTI, Frequency Units such as RB, and Radio Frame Configuration> A radio frame may be composed of one or more frames in the time domain. Each of the one or more frames in the time domain may be called a subframe. A subframe may further be composed of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

[0354] Numerology may be a communication parameter that applies to the transmission and / or reception of a signal or channel, and may indicate, for example, at least one of subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame structure, specific filtering operations performed by the transceiver in the frequency domain, and specific windowing operations performed by the transceiver in the time domain.

[0355] A slot may be composed of one or more symbols in the time domain (such as an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol or a Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbol). A slot may be a time unit based on numerology.

[0356] A slot may include multiple minislots. Each minislot may consist of one or multiple symbols in the time domain. A minislot may also be called a subslot. A minislot may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a minislot may be called PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a minislot may be called PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0357] The radio frame, subframe, slot, minislot, and symbol all represent time units for transmitting signals, and may be referred to by other names corresponding to the radio frame, subframe, slot, minislot, and symbol.

[0358] For example, one subframe may be called a transmission time interval (TTI), multiple consecutive subframes may be called a TTI, or one slot or one minislot may be called a TTI. That is, at least one of the subframe and the TTI may be a subframe (1 ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1 ms (for example, 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Note that the unit representing the TTI may be called a slot, minislot, etc. instead of a subframe.

[0359] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest time unit for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, a base station performs scheduling to allocate radio resources (such as frequency bandwidth and transmission power that can be used by each user terminal) to each user terminal in TTI units. Note that the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0360] The TTI may be a transmission time unit for a channel-encoded data packet (transport block), a code block, a code word, etc., or may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. When a TTI is given, the time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) to which a transport block, a code block, a code word, etc. is actually mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

[0361] When one slot or one minislot is called a TTI, one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more minislots) may be the minimum time unit for scheduling. Also, the number of slots (minislots) constituting the minimum time unit for scheduling may be controlled.

[0362] A TTI having a time length of 1 ms may be called a regular TTI (TTI in LTE Rel. 8-12), normal TTI, long TTI, regular subframe, normal subframe, long subframe, slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a regular TTI may be called a shortened TTI, short TTI, partial or fractional TTI, shortened subframe, short subframe, minislot, subslot, slot, etc.

[0363] In addition, a long TTI (e.g., a normal TTI, a subframe, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a time length of more than 1 ms, and a short TTI (e.g., a shortened TTI, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a TTI length shorter than the TTI length of a long TTI and greater than or equal to 1 ms.

[0364] A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and the frequency domain, and may include one or more consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be the same regardless of numerology, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be determined based on numerology.

[0365] The time domain of an RB may include one or more symbols and may have a length of one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI. One TTI, one subframe, etc. may each be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[0366] Note that one or more RBs may also be called a physical resource block (PRB), a sub-carrier group (SCG), a resource element group (REG), a PRB pair, an RB pair, etc.

[0367] Furthermore, a resource block may be composed of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource region of one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0368] A Bandwidth Part (BWP) (which may also be referred to as a fractional bandwidth) may represent a subset of contiguous common resource blocks (RBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier, where the common RBs may be identified by their index relative to a Common Reference Point of the carrier. PRBs may be defined in a BWP and numbered within the BWP.

[0369] The BWP may include a BWP for UL (UL BWP) and a BWP for DL ​​(DL BWP). One or more BWPs may be configured for a UE within one carrier.

[0370] At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE may not expect to transmit or receive a given signal / channel outside the active BWP. Note that the terms "cell," "carrier," etc. in this disclosure may be read as "BWP."

[0371] The above-described structures of radio frames, subframes, slots, minislots, symbols, etc. are merely examples, and various changes may be made to the number of subframes included in a radio frame, the number of slots per subframe or radio frame, the number of minislots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, the number of symbols in a TTI, the symbol length, the cyclic prefix (CP) length, etc.

[0372] <Maximum Transmit Power> The "maximum transmit power" in the present disclosure may refer to the maximum value of transmit power, the nominal UE maximum transmit power, or the rated UE maximum transmit power.

[0373] Articles In this disclosure, where articles are added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, the disclosure may include that the nouns following these articles are in the plural form.

[0374] <"Different"> In the present disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." Note that the term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "coupled" may also be interpreted in the same way as "different."

[0375] One aspect of the present disclosure is useful in wireless communication systems.

[0376] 10 Base station 20 Device 101, 202 Transmitter 102, 201 Receiver 103, 203 Controller

Claims

1. A device of lower complexity than a Narrow Band-Internet of Things (NB-IoT) device, comprising: a controller that wakes up the device based on radio power from a network; a receiver that receives information from the network after the device wakes up; and a transmitter that transmits a signal to the network based on the information.

2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the transmitting unit transmits the signal based on resource information for the signal included in the information.

3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the transmitter transmits the signal based on information about a predetermined magnitude of the signal or information about the magnitude of the signal notified by the network.

4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the transmitter transmits a first signal and a second signal to the network based on the information.

5. The device according to claim 4, wherein the transmitter includes information about resources of the second signal in the first signal.

6. A communication method for a device of lower complexity than a Narrow Band-Internet of Things (NB-IoT) device, comprising: waking up the device based on radio power from a network; receiving information from the network after the device has woken up; and transmitting a signal to the network based on the information.

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