On-demand synchronization signal based secondary cell activation
The on-demand SSB transmission addresses the inefficiency of always-on SSBs in 5G NR by using UE feedback and network control to trigger SSBs only when necessary, ensuring energy efficiency and successful cell activation.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/077253
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-02-15
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-21
AI Technical Summary
The existing 5G New Radio (NR) network energy consumption is high due to always-on periodic synchronization signal blocks (SSBs), which is inefficient for network energy saving and can lead to failed cell activation when side conditions are not met.
Implementing on-demand synchronization signal (SSB) transmission based on UE feedback and network control, allowing activation only when needed, using TRSs for fine adjustments and SSBs for coarse synchronization.
This approach reduces network energy consumption and ensures successful cell activation by dynamically triggering SSBs only when required, enhancing energy efficiency and activation success.
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Figure CN2024077253_21082025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
ON-DEMAND SYNCHRONIZATION SIGNAL BASED SECONDARY CELL ACTIVATION
[0001] FIELDS
[0002] Various example embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to the field of telecommunication and in particular, to methods, devices, apparatuses and computer readable storage medium for on-demand synchronization signal based secondary cell activation.BACKGROUND
[0003] The Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) is an essential part of the 5G New Radio (NR) standard used for wireless communication. It plays an important role in synchronizing user equipment (UE) with the 5G network and enabling efficient cell search and initial access procedures. The SSB may be an always-on periodical signal. However, this is not desired for network energy saving for NR.SUMMARY
[0004] In a first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a first apparatus. The first apparatus comprises at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first apparatus at least to: receive, from a second apparatus, a cell activation command on a first cell serving the first apparatus to indicate an activation of a second cell; receive a reference signal on the second cell; and determine transmission information about a measurement report associated with the reference signal, for initiating or stopping a transmission of a synchronization signal from the second cell.
[0005] In a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a second apparatus. The second apparatus comprises at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second apparatus at least to: transmit, to a first apparatus, a cell activation command on a first cell serving the first apparatus to trigger an activation of a second cell; cause a transmission of a reference signal on the second cell to the first apparatus; and perform at least one of the following based on a measurement report associated with the reference signal: initiating a transmission of a synchronization signal from the second cell, or stopping a transmission of the synchronization signal.
[0006] In a third aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method. The method comprises: receiving, from a second apparatus, a cell activation command on a first cell serving the first apparatus to indicate an activation of a second cell; receiving a reference signal on the second cell; and determining transmission information about a measurement report associated with the reference signal, for initiating or stopping a transmission of a synchronization signal from the second cell.
[0007] In a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method. The method comprises: transmitting, to a first apparatus, a cell activation command on a first cell serving the first apparatus to trigger an activation of a second cell; causing a transmission of a reference signal on the second cell to the first apparatus; and performing at least one of the following based on a measurement report associated with the reference signal: initiating a transmission of a synchronization signal from the second cell, or stopping a transmission of the synchronization signal.
[0008] In a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a first apparatus. The first apparatus comprises means for receiving, from a second apparatus, a cell activation command on a first cell serving the first apparatus to indicate an activation of a second cell; means for receiving a reference signal on the second cell; and means for determining transmission information about a measurement report associated with the reference signal, for initiating or stopping a transmission of a synchronization signal from the second cell.
[0009] In a sixth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a second apparatus. The second apparatus comprises means for transmitting, to a first apparatus, a cell activation command on a first cell serving the first apparatus to trigger an activation of a second cell; means for causing a transmission of a reference signal on the second cell to the first apparatus; and means for performing at least one of the following based on a measurement report associated with the reference signal: initiating a transmission of a synchronization signal from the second cell, or stopping a transmission of the synchronization signal.
[0010] In a seventh aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a computer readable medium. The computer readable medium comprises instructions stored thereon for causing an apparatus to perform at least the method according to the third aspect.
[0011] In an eighth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a computer readable medium. The computer readable medium comprises instructions stored thereon for causing an apparatus to perform at least the method according to the fourth aspect.
[0012] It is to be understood that the Summary section is not intended to identify key or essential features of embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become easily comprehensible through the following description.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0013] Some example embodiments will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, where:
[0014] FIG. 1 illustrates an example communication environment in which example embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented;
[0015] FIG. 2 illustrates a signaling chart for on-demand synchronization signal based secondary cell activation according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0016] FIG. 3 illustrates an example diagram of triggering on-demand SSB on SSB-less secondary cell (SCell) according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0017] FIG. 4 illustrates a signaling chart for on-demand SSB based cell activation according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0018] FIG. 5 illustrates a further signaling chart for on-demand SSB based cell activation according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure ;
[0019] FIG. 6 illustrates a signaling chart for on-demand SSB based cell activation according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0020] FIG. 7 illustrates a flowchart of an example method implemented at a first apparatus in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0021] FIG. 8 illustrates a flowchart of an example method implemented at a second apparatus in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0022] FIG. 9 illustrates a simplified block diagram of a device that is suitable for implementing example embodiments of the present disclosure; and
[0023] FIG. 10 illustrates a block diagram of an example computer readable medium in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0024] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar element.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] Principle of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some example embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. Embodiments described herein can be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.
[0026] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0027] References in the present disclosure to “one embodiment, ” “an embodiment, ” “an example embodiment, ” and the like indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but it is not necessary that every embodiment includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
[0028] It shall be understood that although the terms “first, ” “second, ” …, etc. in front of noun (s) and the like may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another and they do not limit the order of the noun (s) . For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of example embodiments. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms.
[0029] As used herein, “at least one of the following: <a list of two or more elements>” and “at least one of <a list of two or more elements>” and similar wording, where the list of two or more elements are joined by “and” or “or” , mean at least any one of the elements, or at least any two or more of the elements, or at least all the elements.
[0030] As used herein, unless stated explicitly, performing a step “in response to A” does not indicate that the step is performed immediately after “A” occurs and one or more intervening steps may be included.
[0031] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a” , “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” , “comprising” , “has” , “having” , “includes” and / or “including” , when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, elements, and / or components etc., but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.
[0032] As used in this application, the term “circuitry” may refer to one or more or all of the following:
[0033] (a) hardware-only circuit implementations (such as implementations in only analog and / or digital circuitry) and
[0034] (b) combinations of hardware circuits and software, such as (as applicable) :
[0035] (i) a combination of analog and / or digital hardware circuit (s) with software / firmware and
[0036] (ii) any portions of hardware processor (s) with software (including digital signal processor (s) ) , software, and memory (ies) that work together to cause an apparatus, such as a mobile phone or server, to perform various functions) and
[0037] (c) hardware circuit (s) and or processor (s) , such as a microprocessor (s) or a portion of a microprocessor (s) , that requires software (e.g., firmware) for operation, but the software may not be present when it is not needed for operation.
[0038] This definition of circuitry applies to all uses of this term in this application, including in any claims. As a further example, as used in this application, the term circuitry also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor (or multiple processors) or portion of a hardware circuit or processor and its (or their) accompanying software and / or firmware. The term circuitry also covers, for example and if applicable to the particular claim element, a baseband integrated circuit or processor integrated circuit for a mobile device or a similar integrated circuit in server, a cellular network device, or other computing or network device.
[0039] As used herein, the term “communication network” refers to a network following any suitable communication standards, such as New Radio (NR) , Long Term Evolution (LTE) , LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) , Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) , High-Speed Packet Access (HSPA) , Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) and so on. Furthermore, the communications between a terminal device and a network device in the communication network may be performed according to any suitable generation communication protocols, including, but not limited to, the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , 2.5G, 2.75G, the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , 4.5G, the fifth generation (5G) , the sixth generation (6G) communication protocols, and / or any other protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. Embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied in various communication systems. Given the rapid development in communications, there will of course also be future type communication technologies and systems with which the present disclosure may be embodied. It should not be seen as limiting the scope of the present disclosure to only the aforementioned system.
[0040] As used herein, the term “network device” refers to a node in a communication network via which a terminal device accesses the network and receives services therefrom. The network device may refer to a base station (BS) or an access point (AP) , for example, a node B (NodeB or NB) , an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , an NR NB (also referred to as a gNB) , a Remote Radio Unit (RRU) , a radio header (RH) , a remote radio head (RRH) , a relay, an Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) node, a low power node such as a femto, a pico, a non-terrestrial network (NTN) or non-ground network device such as a satellite network device, a low earth orbit (LEO) satellite and a geosynchronous earth orbit (GEO) satellite, an aircraft network device, and so forth, depending on the applied terminology and technology. In some example embodiments, radio access network (RAN) split architecture comprises a Centralized Unit (CU) and a Distributed Unit (DU) at an IAB donor node. An IAB node comprises a Mobile Terminal (IAB-MT) part that behaves like a UE toward the parent node, and a DU part of an IAB node behaves like a base station toward the next-hop IAB node.
[0041] The term “terminal device” refers to any end device that may be capable of wireless communication. By way of example rather than limitation, a terminal device may also be referred to as a communication device, user equipment (UE) , a Subscriber Station (SS) , a Portable Subscriber Station, a Mobile Station (MS) , or an Access Terminal (AT) . The terminal device may include, but not limited to, a mobile phone, a cellular phone, a smart phone, voice over IP (VoIP) phones, wireless local loop phones, a tablet, a wearable terminal device, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , portable computers, desktop computer, image capture terminal devices such as digital cameras, gaming terminal devices, music storage and playback appliances, vehicle-mounted wireless terminal devices, wireless endpoints, mobile stations, laptop-embedded equipment (LEE) , laptop-mounted equipment (LME) , USB dongles, smart devices, wireless customer-premises equipment (CPE) , an Internet of Things (IoT) device, a watch or other wearable, a head-mounted display (HMD) , a vehicle, a drone, a medical device and applications (e.g., remote surgery) , an industrial device and applications (e.g., a robot and / or other wireless devices operating in an industrial and / or an automated processing chain contexts) , a consumer electronics device, a device operating on commercial and / or industrial wireless networks, and the like. The terminal device may also correspond to a Mobile Termination (MT) part of an IAB node (e.g., a relay node) . In the following description, the terms “terminal device” , “communication device” , “terminal” , “user equipment” and “UE” may be used interchangeably.
[0042] As used herein, the term “resource, ” “transmission resource, ” “resource block, ” “physical resource block” (PRB) , “uplink resource, ” or “downlink resource” may refer to any resource for performing a communication, for example, a communication between a terminal device and a network device, such as a resource in time domain, a resource in frequency domain, a resource in space domain, a resource in code domain, or any other combination of the time, frequency, space and / or code domain resource enabling a communication, and the like. In the following, unless explicitly stated, a resource in both frequency domain and time domain will be used as an example of a transmission resource for describing some example embodiments of the present disclosure. It is noted that example embodiments of the present disclosure are equally applicable to other resources in other domains.
[0043] FIG. 1 illustrates an example communication environment 100 in which example embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented. In the communication environment 100, there are a plurality of communication devices, for example, a terminal device 110 and a network device 120. They can communication with each other.
[0044] As shown in FIG. 1, the terminal device 110 may be covered by two cells, i.e., cell 130-1 and cell 130-2. In some example embodiments, both the cell 130-1 and the cell 130-2 may be generated by a same network device, e.g., the network device 120. In some further example embodiments, the cell 130-1 and the cell 130-2 may be generated by two different network devices. By way of example, the cell 130-1 may be generated by the network device 120 while the cell 130-2 may be generated by a further network device (not shown in FIG. 1) .
[0045] As briefly mentioned above, study and research are made on the topic of network energy savings for new radio (NR) . The synchronization signal block (SSB) -less secondary cell (SCell) activation delay requirement for Frequency Range 1 (FR 1) inter-band collocated scenario was studied. In brief, the UE is expected to acquire coarse timing and automatic gain control (AGC) from a reference cell and would need additionally to monitor the tracking reference signals (TRSs) on the SSB-less SCell for acquiring fine time tracking and fine AGC. Such SSB-less SCell operation is feasible under a set of side conditions, e.g., receive time different (RTD) within a cyclic prefix (CP) , receive power level / energy per resource element (EPRE) of the SCell within a threshold from the EPRE of reference cell (for example, PCell) etc.
[0046] In some scenarios, it is desired to specify procedures and signaling method (s) to support on-demand SSB SCell operation for UEs in connected mode configured with carrier aggregation (CA) , for both intra- / inter-band CA. In some further scenarios, it is desired to specify triggering method (s) , such as, select from UE uplink wake-up-signal using an existing signal / channel, cell on / off indication via backhaul, SCell activation / deactivation signaling. It should be noted that on-demand SSB transmission can be used by UE for at least SCell time / frequency synchronization, Layer 1 (L1) / Layer 3 (L3) measurements and SCell activation, and is supported for frequency range 1 (FR1) and frequency range 2 (FR2) in non-shared spectrum.
[0047] Some embodiments of the present disclosure proposed solutions regarding how to trigger the SSB transmission when needed to help with the SCell activation procedure for activating an SSB-less SCell. This will be descried be in detail below.
[0048] SSB-less SCell activation delay requirement was proposed. Moreover, fast SCell activation delay requirement is defined, which is the baseline of the TRS-based solution for SSB-less SCell activation. The fast SCell activation is defined for known SCell with SSB, hence the UE acquires both coarse timing and fine timing from the same target SCell. There is no risk of RTD hence no risk on the SCell activation. Fast SCell activation is also defined for a case of unknown SCell but only in FR1. In this case the SCell conditions are very strict related to timing and power offset between reference cell and the SSB-less SCell for example the SSB-less SCell needs to be contiguous to an active serving cell on the same FR1 band .
[0049] For SSB-less SCell operation in inter-band collocated scenario, the UE is expected to obtain coarse time / frequency synchronization using the synchronization signals, i.e., SSBs, from the reference cell and the fine adjustments are performed using TRSs on the SSB-less SCell.
[0050] However, the feasibility of operating on an SSB-less SCell depends on side conditions, e.g., if receive time difference is within CP, if receive power difference / energy per resource element (RE) is within a threshold etc., and frequency separation etc. For the inter-band scenario, UEs may not obtain the right time and frequency offset adjustments only with the TRSs on the SCell if any of the side condition is not fulfilled. Meanwhile, there is no way for the network to learn about the side conditions on the UE side and hence how deviated are the time and frequency offsets.
[0051] There are proposals to have UE indicating the RTD status / condition so that network is able to know if the SSB-less SCell can be activated. But the UE may or may not be able to measure RTD and hence will not be able to know the exact RTD conditions before SCell activation. In practice, when UE is configured with SSB-less SCell, it can only blindly apply the coarse timing from reference cell to SSB-less SCell and further monitor the TRSs on the SSB-less SCell for acquisition of the fine time tracking. If RTD condition is not fulfilled, UE cannot properly decode the TRSs on the SSB-less SCell, hence will fail the SSB-less SCell activation.
[0052] In view of the above, it is desired to help UE with the SCell activation in case the side conditions are not fulfilled.
[0053] According to some example embodiments of the present disclosure, the network initiates the transmission of SSBs (i.e., on-demand SSB) on an SSB-less SCell when failure of SSB-less SCell activation occur or is detected, for example if the network (NW) is not receiving (e.g., valid) CSI report after or within a certain time period. The UE, if not able to succeed in the SSB-less SCell activation procedure, will start monitoring for (on-demand) SSBs for continuing activation of the SSB-less SCell.
[0054] In one aspect, network may indicate the potential transmission of on-demand SSBs on the SSB-less SCell. This may include the enable or disable of the on-demand SSB transmission, the SSB transmission parameters for example periodicity and the timing (e.g., starting offset, or the like) of the first SSB. Additionally, the network may indicate whether or not and the conditions when the on-demand SSB transmission starts. For example:
[0055] - After an invalid Channel State Information (CSI) report, or
[0056] - If CSI report is not sent by UE and hence not received by network within a certain time period, or
[0057] - After the first or second TRS burst if CSI report is not sent by UE and hence not received by network, or
[0058] - Even starts immediately after SCell activation command.
[0059] In another aspect, the UE may indicate the need for on-demand SSB in several options, e.g., after decoding the first and / or second TRS burst.
[0060] First Option: Such indication may be included for example in the CSI report. Instead of sending Out of Range (OoR) on the CSI reporting resource, the UE may set a special value to indicate the need for on-demand SSB. When detecting the special value, the network will transmit on-demand SSB (e.g., no later than a time period) . In one example embodiment, the network will start on-demand SSB transmission from the first SSB occasion based on the SSB transmission parameters after detecting the special value. The UE is expected to receive the on-demand SSB from the first SSB occasion.
[0061] Second Option: For SSB-less SCell, such indication may include the UE sending OoR in the CSI report. For example, if the UE sends OoR in the CSI report which means the UE has not started channel measurement and there is no valid CSI report available, this may indicate the failure of TRS-based SSB-less SCell activation and can be used to indicate the need for on-demand SSBs hence trigger the on-demand SSB transmission.
[0062] Third Option: The UE indicates the need for on-demand SSBs via NW configured resources in PCell or reference cells. For instance, the NW configured resources in PCell may include the CSI reporting resources configured for PCell or the SSB-less SCell or any of the serving cells.
[0063] In another aspect, once the UE sends valid CSI report when completing the SCell activation procedure, either based on TRS or on-demand SSB, the valid CSI report will stop the transmission of the on-demand SSB.
[0064] As used herein, SSB may be legacy SS blocks as defined in existing specification or only include signal (s) which can provide synchronization, for example primary synchronization signal (PSS) and secondary synchronization signal (SSS) only.
[0065] Example embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0066] FIG. 2 illustrates a signaling chart 200 for on-demand synchronization signal based secondary cell activation according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. By way of example rather than limitation, the first apparatus 201 may comprise the terminal device 110 in FIG. 1, and the second apparatus 202 may comprise the network device 120 in FIG. 2.
[0067] In the signaling chart 200, the second apparatus 202 transmits (210) , to the first apparatus 201, a cell activation command on a first cell serving the first apparatus 201 to trigger an activation of a second cell. For example, the first cell may be a primary cell serving the first apparatus 201, and the second cell may be a cell to be activated for serving the first apparatus 201. By way of example, with reference to FIG. 1, the first cell may be one of the cell 130-1 and the cell 130-2 while the second cell may be a further one of the cell 130-1 and the cell 130-2. The first cell may be a PCell and the second cell may be an SSB-less SCell. Correspondingly, the first apparatus 201 receives (215) , from the second apparatus 202, the cell activation command on a first cell.
[0068] Furthermore, the second apparatus 202 causes (220) a transmission of a reference signal on the second cell to the first apparatus 201. In one example embodiments, the second cell is provided by the second apparatus 202, and thus the second apparatus 202 itself may transmit a reference signal on the second cell to the first apparatus 201. Alternatively, the second cell is provided by a third apparatus different from the first apparatus 201 and the second apparatus 202. In this case, the second apparatus 202 may transmit, to the third apparatus, a request for transmission of a reference signal on the second cell to the first apparatus 201. The reference signal may comprise a tracking reference signal (TRS) and / or a synchronization signal. By way of example, the synchronization signal may be implemented as an SSB and / or the like.
[0069] Correspondingly, the first apparatus 201 receives (225) the reference signal on the second cell, e.g., either from the second apparatus 202 or from the third apparatus. Furthermore, the first apparatus 201 determines (230) transmission information about a measurement report associated with the reference signal, for initiating or stopping a transmission of a synchronization signal from the second cell. For example, the transmission information may comprise whether or not to transmit the measurement report to the second apparatus. Additionally or alternatively, the transmission information may comprise the content of the measurement report, if sent. In other words, the transmission information may indicate which measurement report (ameasurement report for initiating a transmission of a synchronization signal from the second cell, or a measurement report for stopping a transmission of the synchronization signal) is to be transmitted. By way of example rather than limitation, the measurement report may comprise a Channel State Information (CSI) report and / or the like. The scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this respect.
[0070] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 201 may obtain a configuration for performing a measurement on the second cell, and perform the measurement of the reference signal based on the configuration. The configuration may be associated with a further configuration of the first cell or a reference cell. In one example embodiment, a configuration of the first cell or the reference cell may be directly used as the configuration for performing the measurement on the second cell. Alternatively, the configuration for performing the measurement on the second cell may be determined based on the configuration of the first cell or the reference cell.
[0071] In a first example scenario, the reference signal may comprise the tracking reference signal and exclude the synchronization signal. For example, the reference signal may be the tracking reference signal. The tracking reference signal may be a periodic TRS or an aperiodic TRS. The first apparatus 201 may determine whether decoding of the reference signal is successful. If it is determined that the decoding of the reference signal is not successful, the first apparatus 201 may transmit, to the second apparatus 202, an invalid measurement report, in order to initiate transmission of the synchronization signal from the second cell. For example, the invalid measurement report may comprise an indication of out of range and / or an indication (such as a predetermined value or the like) indicating a need for the synchronization signal. Alternatively, if the decoding of the reference signal is not successful, no measurement report is transmitted from the first apparatus 201, so as to initiate transmission of the synchronization signal from the second cell. For example, if no measurement report is transmitted from the first apparatus 201 within a certain time period after SCell activation command or the first or second TRS, the second apparatus 202 may initiate transmission of the synchronization signal from the second cell. The certain time period may be the SSB-less SCell activation delay requirement, or a pre-configured or pre-defined value.
[0072] If it is determined that the decoding of the reference signal is successful, the first apparatus 201 may transmit, to the second apparatus 202, a valid measurement report. By way of example, the valid measurement report does not comprise the indication of out of range and does not comprise the indication indicating the need for the synchronization signal. When receiving the valid measurement report, the second apparatus 202 will not transmit on-demand SSB.
[0073] For example, after causing the reference signal to be transmitted from the second cell, the second apparatus 202 may monitor the measurement report associated with the reference signal, so as to determine whether to initiate the transmission of the synchronization signal based on a result of the monitoring.
[0074] If it is determined that the measurement report is not received within a preconfigured or predefined time duration, the second apparatus 202 may initiate the transmission of the synchronization signal from the second cell.
[0075] If it is determined that the measurement report is received within a preconfigured time duration, the second apparatus 202 may determine whether the measurement report is valid. For example, if the measurement report excludes an indication of out of range, the measurement report may be determined to be valid. Otherwise, the measurement report may be determined to be invalid. Alternatively, if the measurement report excludes an indication (such as a predetermined value or the like) indicating a need for the synchronization signal, the measurement report may be determined to be valid. Otherwise, the measurement report may be determined to be invalid. In a further example, only if the measurement report excludes both the indication of out of range and the indication indicating the need for the synchronization signal, the measurement report may be determined to be valid. Otherwise, the measurement report may be determined to be invalid. It should be understood that the above examples are described merely for purpose of description. The scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this respect.
[0076] If it is determined that the measurement report is not valid, the second apparatus 202 may cause to initiate the transmission of the synchronization signal from the second cell (transmission of the SSB may be done by the second apparatus or by the third apparatus, as explained earlier in connection of the reference signal) . If it is determined that the measurement report is valid, the SSB-less SCell activation procedure succeeds, and thus the second apparatus 202 (or the third apparatus as instructed by the second apparatus) may refrain from transmitting the synchronization signal from the second cell.
[0077] To sum up, in the first example scenario, the measurement report may be not transmitted, or an invalid measurement report may be transmitted, so as to trigger the transmission of synchronization signal from the second cell.
[0078] In a second example scenario, the tracking reference signal and the synchronization signal may be both transmitted on the second cell. The first apparatus 201 may determine whether the decoding of the tracking reference signal is successful. If it is determined that the decoding is successful, the first apparatus 201 may transmit, to the second apparatus 202, a valid measurement report, in order to stop the transmission of the synchronization signal from the second cell.
[0079] The second apparatus 202 performs (235) at least one of the following actions based on a measurement report associated with the reference signal: initiating a transmission of a synchronization signal from the second cell (by the second apparatus or by the third apparatus) , or stopping a transmission of the synchronization signal. By way of example rather than limitation, the second apparatus 202 may monitor the measurement report associated with the reference signal, and perform at least one of the above-mentioned actions based on the monitoring. This will be descried in details below.
[0080] For example, after causing the reference signal and the synchronization signal to be transmitted from the second cell, the second apparatus 202 may monitor the measurement report associated with the reference signal, so as to determine whether to stop the transmission of the synchronization signal based on a result of the monitoring.
[0081] If the measurement report is received, the second apparatus 202 may stop the transmission of the synchronization signal. Alternatively, if the measurement report is received, the second apparatus 202 may firstly determine whether the measurement report is valid. If the measurement report is determined to be valid, the second apparatus 202 may stop the transmission of the synchronization signal. If the measurement report is determined to be not valid, the transmission of the synchronization signal will not be stopped.
[0082] To sum up, in the second example scenario, a valid measurement report may be transmitted, so as to stop the transmission of synchronization signal from the second cell.
[0083] In some further example embodiments, the second apparatus 202 may transmit, to the first apparatus 201, a configuration of the second cell (e.g. SCellConfig) . In one example embodiment, the configuration of the second cell may comprise an indication of enabling or disabling the transmission of the synchronization signal (e.g. may comprise configuration of the synchronization signal) . Additionally or alternatively, the configuration of the second cell may comprise a set of parameters related to the transmission of the synchronization signal, such as, a periodicity, pattern and / or a timing for the transmission of the synchronization signal. In a further example embodiment, the configuration of the second cell may comprise an indication indicating whether the transmission of the synchronization signal is to be initiated if needed.
[0084] Additionally or alternatively, the configuration of the second cell may comprise a start time point of the transmission of the synchronization signal. For example, the start time point may comprise a time point after receiving a measurement report that is not valid. In an additional or alternative example, the start time point may comprise a time point after a preconfigured time duration for receiving the measurement report. Additionally or alternatively, the start time point may comprise a time point after a first burst or a second bust of the reference signal, and / or a time point immediately after the cell activation command is transmitted. In another example, the start time point may be the first SSB transmission occasion derived from the SSB transmission parameters in the configuration of the second cell after sending or receiving a measurement report that is not valid. In addition, the first apparatus 201 is expected to receive the first on-demand SSB from the start time point or a time period after sending a measurement report that is not valid.
[0085] In view of the above, the proposed solutions enable a more energy-efficient cell activation process while ensure the success of cell activation in aid of on-demand transmission of the synchronization signal. Thereby, the power consumption of the network device may be reduced. As explained, some currently presented embodiments differ from legacy operations at least in that both SSB and TRS are participating in the cell activation procedure (e.g. are used for acquiring synchronization with the Scell) .
[0086] The solutions presented in FIG. 2 will be described in more details below with reference to FIGS. 3-6. FIG. 3 illustrates an example diagram 300 of triggering on-demand SSB on SSB-less SCell according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0087] Based on the configuration and UE indication, the network is able to estimate the cell activation status and trigger the on-demand SSB on need basis. In one example embodiment shown as Case 1 in FIG. 3, if the network (e.g. PCell) does not receive a valid CSI reporting within the SCell activation delay requirement for activating an SSB-less SCell, the network will initiate the on-demand SSB to assist the cell activation. In some example embodiments, the on-demand SSB initiated by the network may be a simplified SSB, e.g., only PSS or SSS is employed. The solution of Case 1 will be described in details below with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.
[0088] In a further example embodiment, in order to prevent prolonged SCell activation delay and reduce the SSB-less SCell activation delay, the network may indicate that the on-demand SSB is triggered immediately after sending SCell activation command, which is shown as Case 2 in FIG. 3. It is up to UE to decide if monitoring TRS or on-demand SSB or jointly based on the side conditions. By way of example rather than limitation, the side-conditions may comprise whether the received time difference (RTD) of signals between PCell (or reference cell) and SCell is within a cyclic prefix (CP) , or whether the received power level / energy per RE (EPRE) of the SCell is within a threshold from the reference cell (for example, the PCell) , etc. The solution of Case 2 will be descried in details below with reference to FIG. 6.
[0089] FIG. 4 illustrates a signaling chart 400 for on-demand SSB based cell activation according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. In FIG. 4, a primary cell is denoted by PCell 402 (this may be the ‘first cell’ ) , and a cell different from the primary cell is denoted by Cell1 403 (this may be the ‘second cell’ ) . In one example embodiment, both the PCell 402 and the Cell1 403 may be provided by a same network device. Alternatively, the PCell 402 and the Cell1 403 may be provided by different network devices.
[0090] For ease of discussion, the signaling chart 400 will be described based on the assumption that the PCell 402 and the Cell1 403 are provided by the same network device, which may be sometimes referred to as “network” for short. In FIG. 4, the UE 401 may be an example implementation of the first apparatus 201 in FIG. 2, and the network device providing the PCell 402 and the Cell1 403 may be an example implementation of the second apparatus 202 in FIG. 2.
[0091] At 405, the UE 401 is connected to PCell 402. At 410, the UE 401 indicates that it is capable of inter-band SSB-less operation on certain band combinations. In addition, the UE 401 may further indicate if it supports on-demand SSB based cell activation when SSB-less operation is not feasible. When the network receives the capability, and cells are collocated on some band combination, the network may add Cell1 403 as SCell (thus Cell1 403 may also be referred to as SCell 403 hereinafter) and configure SSB-less operation on the SCell 403 at 415. This may include not configuring SSB / SMTC configuration on the SCell 403 and indicating a reference cell to the SCell 403 (for legacy SSB-less operation) . Besides, the network may also indicate the potential of on-demand SSB transmission if SSB-less operation is not feasible. The pattern of on-demand SSB may be configured in at 415. This may include, for example, the SSB periodicity and the timing (e.g., starting offset) of the first SSB. Alternatively, a light SSB can be configured, e.g., part of SSBs in the SSB burst will be triggered on the SCell 403.
[0092] At 420, the network decides to activate the SSB-less SCell 403. According to inter-band SSB-less operation, the UE 401 will use the timing of reference cell (e.g., PCell 402) to SCell and starts monitoring TRS on the SCell 403. Alternative to 415, the network may also indicate the potential of on-demand SSB transmission at 420.
[0093] At 425 and 430, a TRS is transmitted on the SCell 403 to the UE 401. At 435, the PCell 402 determines whether valid CSI report is received within a certain time period. At 440, the network determines to trigger the on-demand SSBs if it does not receive the valid CSI report within a certain time period. As the UE 401 is required to complete the cell activation within the certain time period, i.e., activation delay requirement, and will send a valid CSI report as the ending point of cell activation, the absence / presence of valid CSI report can be considered as an indication of SSB-less feasibility.
[0094] If the UE 401 is not able to decode TRSs based on the timing of reference cell, it will keep monitoring SSBs on the SCell 403 and fall back to legacy cell activation procedure based on SSB at 445. When the SCell 403 is activated, at 450, the UE 401 will send valid CSI report which will stop the transmission of on-demand SSB on the SCell 403.
[0095] FIG. 5 illustrates a further signaling chart 500 for on-demand SSB based cell activation according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. In FIG. 5, a primary cell is denoted by PCell 502 (this may be the ‘first cell’ ) , and a cell different from the primary cell is denoted by Cell1 503 (this may be the ‘second cell’ ) . In one example embodiment, both the PCell 502 and the Cell1 503 may be provided by a same network device. Alternatively, the PCell 502 and the Cell1 503 may be provided by different network devices.
[0096] For ease of discussion, the signaling chart 500 will be described based on the assumption that the PCell 502 and the Cell1 503 are provided by the same network device, which may be sometimes referred to as “network” for short. In FIG. 5, the UE 501 may be an example implementation of the first apparatus 201 in FIG. 2, and the network device providing the PCell 502 and the Cell1 503 may be an example implementation of the second apparatus 202 in FIG. 2.
[0097] At 505, the UE 501 is connected to PCell 502. At 510, the UE 501 indicates that it is capable of inter-band SSB-less operation on certain band combinations. In addition, the UE 501 may further indicate if it supports on-demand SSB based cell activation when SSB-less operation is not feasible. When the network receives the capability, and cells are collocated on some band combination, the network may add Cell1 503 as SCell (thus Cell1 403 may also be referred to as SCell 403 hereinafter) and configure SSB-less operation on the SCell 503 at 515. This may include not configuring SSB / SSB Measurement Timing Configuration (SMTC) configuration on the SCell 503 and indicating a reference cell to the SCell 503 (for legacy SSB-less operation) . Besides, the network may also indicate the potential of on-demand SSB transmission if SSB-less operation is not feasible. The pattern of on-demand SSB may be configured in at 515. This may include, for example, the SSB periodicity and the timing (e.g., starting offset) of the first SSB. Alternatively, a light SSB can be configured, e.g., part of SSBs in the SSB burst will be triggered on the SCell 503.
[0098] At 520, the network decides to activate the SSB-less SCell 503. According to inter-band SSB-less operation, The UE 501 will use the timing of reference cell (e.g., PCell 502) to SCell 503 and starts monitoring TRS on the SCell 503. Alternative to 515, the network may also indicate the potential of on-demand SSB transmission at 520.
[0099] At 525, a first TRS is transmitted on the SCell 503 to the UE 501. The UE 501 is allowed to inform the potential failure of SSB-less operation on the SCell 503 before the SCell 503 activation delay. Since the UE 501 is able to know if the first TRS can be successfully decoded at 530, the UE 501 may indicate the need for on-demand SSB after the first TRS. By way of example, this may be sent in the available CSI reporting resource at 535. A special value or not transmitting may be assumed to indicate the need for on-demand SSB. The UE 501 requests on-demand SSB if the first TRS is not decoded. The network will then transmit on-demand SSB following the UE 501 indication at 540.
[0100] If the UE 501 is not able to decode TRSs based on the timing of reference cell, it will keep monitoring SSBs on the SCell 503 and fall back to legacy cell activation procedure based on SSB at 545. When the SCell 503 is activated, at 550, the UE 501 will send valid CSI report which will stop the transmission of on-demand SSB on the SCell 503.
[0101] FIG. 6 illustrates a signaling chart 600 for on-demand SSB based cell activation according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. In FIG. 6, a primary cell is denoted by PCell 602 (this may be the ‘first cell’ ) , and a cell different from the primary cell is denoted by Cell1 603 (this may be the ‘second cell’ ) . In one example embodiment, both the PCell 602 and the Cell1 603 may be provided by a same network device. Alternatively, the PCell 602 and the Cell1 603 may be provided by different network devices.
[0102] For ease of discussion, the signaling chart 600 will be described based on the assumption that the PCell 602 and the Cell1 603 are provided by the same network device, which may be sometimes referred to as “network” for short. In FIG. 6, the UE 601 may be an example implementation of the first apparatus 201 in FIG. 2, and the network device providing the PCell 602 and the Cell1 603 may be an example implementation of the second apparatus 202 in FIG. 2.
[0103] At 605, UE 601 is connected to PCell 602. At 610, UE 601 indicates its capable of inter-band SSB-less operation on certain band combinations. In addition, the UE 601 may further indicate if it supports on-demand SSB based cell activation when SSB-less operation is not feasible. When network receives the capability, and cells are collocated on some band combination, network may add Cell1 603 as an SCell, which is similar to Cell1 403, and configure SSB-less operation on the SCell 603 at 615. This may include not configuring SSB / SMTC configuration on the SCell 603 and indicating a reference cell to the SCell 603 (for legacy SSB-less operation) . Besides, network may also indicate the potential of on-demand SSB transmission if SSB-less operation is not feasible. The pattern of on-demand SSB may be configured in at 615. This may include, for example, the SSB periodicity and the timing (e.g., starting offset) of the first SSB. Alternatively, a light SSB can be configured, e.g., part of SSBs in the SSB burst will be triggered on the SCell 603.
[0104] At 620, the network decides to activate the SSB-less SCell 603. According to inter-band SSB-less operation, The UE 601 will use the timing of reference cell (e.g., PCell 602) to SCell and starts monitoring TRS on the SCell 603. Alternative to 615, the network may also indicate the potential of on-demand SSB transmission at 620.
[0105] Then, the network may anyway trigger the transmission of on-demand SSB right after SCell 603 activation command. At 625 and 630, SSB and TRS are transmitted on SCell 603 to the UE 601, respectively. It is up to UE 601 to determine if starting from SSB-less operation or directly using on-demand SSB for cell activation. If network receives non-OoR on the available CSI reporting resources, or the valid CSI report, it considers cell activation is completed and will stop the SSB transmission at 635.
[0106] In view of the above, in aid of the proposed solutions, the cell activation delay requirement may be extended but this ensures the success of cell activation with the assist of on-demand SSB.
[0107] FIG. 7 shows a flowchart of an example method 700 implemented at a first apparatus in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 700 will be described from the perspective of the first apparatus 201 in FIG. 2.
[0108] At block 710, the first apparatus 201 receives, from a second apparatus, a cell activation command on a first cell serving the first apparatus to indicate an activation of a second cell.
[0109] At block 720, the first apparatus 201 receives a reference signal on the second cell.
[0110] At block 730, the first apparatus 201 determines transmission information about a measurement report associated with the reference signal, for initiating or stopping a transmission of a synchronization signal from the second cell.
[0111] In some example embodiments, the method 700 further comprises: obtaining a configuration for performing a measurement on the second cell, the configuration being associated with a further configuration of the first cell or a reference cell; and performing the measurement of the reference signal based on the configuration.
[0112] In some example embodiments, the method 700 further comprises: determining whether decoding of the reference signal is successful; and in accordance with a determination that the decoding is not successful, transmitting, to the second apparatus, the measurement report comprising an indication of out of range or an indication indicating a need for the synchronization signal; and in accordance with a determination that the decoding is successful, transmitting, to the second apparatus, the measurement report excluding the indication of out of range and the indication indicating the need for the synchronization signal.
[0113] In some example embodiments, if decoding of the reference signal is not successful, no measurement report is transmitted from the first apparatus.
[0114] In some example embodiments, the method 700 further comprises: determining whether decoding of the tracking reference signal is successful; and in accordance with a determination that the decoding is successful, transmitting, to the second apparatus, the measurement report for stopping the transmission of the synchronization signal from the second cell.
[0115] In some example embodiments, the method 700 further comprises: receiving, from the second apparatus, a configuration of the second cell comprising at least one of: an indication of enabling or disabling the transmission of the synchronization signal, a set of parameters related to the transmission of the synchronization signal, an indication indicating whether the transmission of the synchronization signal is to be initiated, or a start time point of the transmission of the synchronization signal.
[0116] In some example embodiments, the start time point of the transmission of the synchronization signal comprises at least one of: a time point after receiving a measurement report that is not valid, a time point after a preconfigured time duration for receiving the measurement report, a time point after a first burst or a second bust of the reference signal, or a time point immediately after the cell activation command is transmitted.
[0117] In some example embodiments, the measurement report comprises a Channel State Information (CSI) report, and wherein the reference signal comprises at least one of a tracking reference signal or a synchronization signal.
[0118] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus comprises a terminal device, and the second apparatus comprises a network device.
[0119] FIG. 8 shows a flowchart of an example method 800 implemented at a second apparatus in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 800 will be described from the perspective of the second apparatus 202 in FIG. 2.
[0120] At block 810, the second apparatus 202 transmits, to a first apparatus, a cell activation command on a first cell serving the first apparatus to trigger an activation of a second cell.
[0121] At block 820, the second apparatus 202 causes a transmission of a reference signal on the second cell to the first apparatus.
[0122] At block 830, the second apparatus 202 performs at least one of the following based on a measurement report associated with the reference signal: initiating a transmission of a synchronization signal from the second cell, or stopping a transmission of the synchronization signal.
[0123] In some example embodiments, the method 800 further comprises: causing the reference signal to be transmitted from the second cell; monitoring the measurement report associated with the reference signal; and initiating the transmission of the synchronization signal based on a result of the monitoring.
[0124] In some example embodiments, the method 800 further comprises: in accordance with a determination that the measurement report associated with the reference signal is not received within a preconfigured time duration, initiating the transmission of the synchronization signal from the second cell.
[0125] In some example embodiments, the method 800 further comprises: in accordance with a determination that the measurement report associated with the reference signal is received within a preconfigured time duration, determining whether the measurement report is valid; and in accordance with a determination that the measurement report is not valid, initiating the transmission of the synchronization signal from the second cell.
[0126] In some example embodiments, the method 800 further comprises: causing the reference signal and the synchronization signal to be transmitted from the second cell; monitoring the measurement report associated with the reference signal; and stopping the transmission of the synchronization signal based on a result of the monitoring.
[0127] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus is caused to: in accordance with a determination that the measurement report associated with the reference signal is received, stopping the transmission of the synchronization signal.
[0128] In some example embodiments, the method 800 further comprises: in accordance with a determination that the measurement report associated with the reference signal is received, determining whether the measurement report is valid; and in accordance with a determination that the measurement report is valid, stopping the transmission of the synchronization signal from the second cell.
[0129] In some example embodiments, the method 800 further comprises: in accordance with a determination that the measurement report excludes an indication of out of range, determining that the measurement report is valid; in accordance with a determination that the measurement report excludes an indication indicating a need for the synchronization signal, determining that the measurement report is valid; or in accordance with a determination that the measurement report excludes an indication of out of range and excludes an indication indicating the need for the synchronization signal, determining that the measurement report is valid.
[0130] In some example embodiments, the method 800 further comprises: transmitting, to the first apparatus, a configuration of the second cell comprising at least one of: an indication of enabling or disabling the transmission of the synchronization signal, a set of parameters related to the transmission of the synchronization signal, an indication indicating whether the transmission of the synchronization signal is to be initiated, or a start time point of the transmission of the synchronization signal.
[0131] In some example embodiments, the start time point of the transmission of the synchronization signal comprises at least one of: a time point after receiving a measurement report that is not valid, a time point after a preconfigured time duration for receiving the measurement report, a time point after a first burst or a second burst of the reference signal, or a time point immediately after the cell activation command is transmitted.
[0132] In some example embodiments, the measurement report comprises a Channel State Information (CSI) report, and wherein the reference signal comprises at least one of a tracking reference signal or a synchronization signal.
[0133] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus comprises a terminal device, and the second apparatus comprises a network device.
[0134] In some example embodiments, a first apparatus capable of performing any of the method 700 (for example, the first apparatus 201 in FIG. 2) may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 700. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module. The first apparatus may be implemented as or included in the first apparatus 201 in FIG. 2.
[0135] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus comprises means for receiving, from a second apparatus, a cell activation command on a first cell serving the first apparatus to indicate an activation of a second cell; means for receiving a reference signal on the second cell; and means for determining transmission information about a measurement report associated with the reference signal, for initiating or stopping a transmission of a synchronization signal from the second cell.
[0136] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 700 or the first apparatus 201. In some example embodiments, the means comprises at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the performance of the first apparatus.
[0137] In some example embodiments, a second apparatus capable of performing any of the method 800 (for example, the second apparatus 202 in FIG. 2) may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 800. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module. The second apparatus may be implemented as or included in the second apparatus 202 in FIG. 2.
[0138] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus comprises means for transmitting, to a first apparatus, a cell activation command on a first cell serving the first apparatus to trigger an activation of a second cell; means for causing a transmission of a reference signal on the second cell to the first apparatus; and means for performing at least one of the following based on a measurement report associated with the reference signal: initiating a transmission of a synchronization signal from the second cell, or stopping a transmission of the synchronization signal.
[0139] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus further comprises means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 800 or the second apparatus 202. In some example embodiments, the means comprises at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the performance of the second apparatus.
[0140] FIG. 9 is a simplified block diagram of a device 900 that is suitable for implementing example embodiments of the present disclosure. The device 900 may be provided to implement a communication device, for example, the first apparatus 201 or the second apparatus 202 as shown in FIG. 2. As shown, the device 900 includes one or more processors 910, one or more memories 920 coupled to the processor 910, and one or more communication modules 940 coupled to the processor 910.
[0141] The communication module 940 is for bidirectional communications. The communication module 940 has one or more communication interfaces to facilitate communication with one or more other modules or devices. The communication interfaces may represent any interface that is necessary for communication with other network elements. In some example embodiments, the communication module 940 may include at least one antenna.
[0142] The processor 910 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network and may include one or more of the following: general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and processors based on multicore processor architecture, as non-limiting examples. The device 900 may have multiple processors, such as an application specific integrated circuit chip that is slaved in time to a clock which synchronizes the main processor.
[0143] The memory 920 may include one or more non-volatile memories and one or more volatile memories. Examples of the non-volatile memories include, but are not limited to, a Read Only Memory (ROM) 924, an electrically programmable read only memory (EPROM) , a flash memory, a hard disk, a compact disc (CD) , a digital video disk (DVD) , an optical disk, a laser disk, and other magnetic storage and / or optical storage. Examples of the volatile memories include, but are not limited to, a random access memory (RAM) 922 and other volatile memories that will not last in the power-down duration.
[0144] A computer program 930 includes computer executable instructions that are executed by the associated processor 910. The instructions of the program 930 may include instructions for performing operations / acts of some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The program 930 may be stored in the memory, e.g., the ROM 924. The processor 910 may perform any suitable actions and processing by loading the program 930 into the RAM 922.
[0145] The example embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented by means of the program 930 so that the device 900 may perform any process of the disclosure as discussed with reference to FIG. 2 to FIG. 8. The example embodiments of the present disclosure may also be implemented by hardware or by a combination of software and hardware.
[0146] In some example embodiments, the program 930 may be tangibly contained in a computer readable medium which may be included in the device 900 (such as in the memory 920) or other storage devices that are accessible by the device 900. The device 900 may load the program 930 from the computer readable medium to the RAM 922 for execution. In some example embodiments, the computer readable medium may include any types of non-transitory storage medium, such as ROM, EPROM, a flash memory, a hard disk, CD, DVD, and the like. The term “non-transitory, ” as used herein, is a limitation of the medium itself (i.e., tangible, not a signal) as opposed to a limitation on data storage persistency (e.g., RAM vs. ROM) .
[0147] FIG. 10 shows an example of the computer readable medium 1000 which may be in form of CD, DVD or other optical storage disk. The computer readable medium 1000 has the program 930 stored thereon.
[0148] Generally, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in hardware or special purpose circuits, software, logic or any combination thereof. Some aspects may be implemented in hardware, and other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software which may be executed by a controller, microprocessor or other computing device. Although various aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated and described as block diagrams, flowcharts, or using some other pictorial representations, it is to be understood that the block, apparatus, system, technique or method described herein may be implemented in, as non-limiting examples, hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.
[0149] Some example embodiments of the present disclosure also provide at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a computer readable medium, such as a non-transitory computer readable medium. The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions, such as those included in program modules, being executed in a device on a target physical or virtual processor, to carry out any of the methods as described above. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, or the like that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The functionality of the program modules may be combined or split between program modules as desired in various embodiments. Machine-executable instructions for program modules may be executed within a local or distributed device. In a distributed device, program modules may be located in both local and remote storage media.
[0150] Program code for carrying out methods of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. The program code may be provided to a processor or controller of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the program code, when executed by the processor or controller, cause the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be implemented. The program code may execute entirely on a machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on the remote machine or server.
[0151] In the context of the present disclosure, the computer program code or related data may be carried by any suitable carrier to enable the device, apparatus or processor to perform various processes and operations as described above. Examples of the carrier include a signal, computer readable medium, and the like.
[0152] The computer readable medium may be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium. A computer readable medium may include but not limited to an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the computer readable storage medium would include an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM) , a read-only memory (ROM) , an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory) , an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) , an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
[0153] Further, although operations are depicted in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Likewise, although several specific implementation details are contained in the above discussions, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the present disclosure, but rather as descriptions of features that may be specific to particular embodiments. Unless explicitly stated, certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, unless explicitly stated, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented in a plurality of embodiments separately or in any suitable sub-combination.
[0154] Although the present disclosure has been described in languages specific to structural features and / or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the present disclosure defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.
Claims
1.A first apparatus comprising:at least one processor; andat least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first apparatus at least to:receive, from a second apparatus, a cell activation command on a first cell serving the first apparatus to indicate an activation of a second cell;receive a reference signal on the second cell; anddetermine transmission information about a measurement report associated with the reference signal, for initiating or stopping a transmission of a synchronization signal from the second cell.2.The first apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first apparatus is caused to:obtain a configuration for performing a measurement on the second cell, the configuration being associated with a further configuration of the first cell or a reference cell; andperform the measurement of the reference signal based on the configuration.3.The first apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the reference signal excludes a synchronization signal, and the first apparatus is caused to:determine whether decoding of the reference signal is successful; andin accordance with a determination that the decoding is not successful, transmit, to the second apparatus, the measurement report comprising an indication of out of range or an indication indicating a need for the synchronization signal; andin accordance with a determination that the decoding is successful, transmit, to the second apparatus, the measurement report excluding the indication of out of range and the indication indicating the need for the synchronization signal.4.The first apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein if decoding of the reference signal is not successful, no measurement report is transmitted from the first apparatus.5.The first apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the reference signal comprises a tracking reference signal and a synchronization signal, and the first apparatus is caused to:determine whether decoding of the tracking reference signal is successful; andin accordance with a determination that the decoding is successful, transmit, to the second apparatus, the measurement report for stopping the transmission of the synchronization signal from the second cell.6.The first apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first apparatus is caused to:receive, from the second apparatus, a configuration of the second cell comprising at least one of:an indication of enabling or disabling the transmission of the synchronization signal,a set of parameters related to the transmission of the synchronization signal,an indication indicating whether the transmission of the synchronization signal is to be initiated, ora start time point of the transmission of the synchronization signal.7.The first apparatus of claim 6, wherein the start time point of the transmission of the synchronization signal comprises at least one of:a time point after receiving a measurement report that is not valid,a time point after a preconfigured time duration for receiving the measurement report,a time point after a first burst or a second bust of the reference signal, ora time point immediately after the cell activation command is transmitted.8.The first apparatus of any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the measurement report comprises a Channel State Information (CSI) report, and wherein the reference signal comprises at least one of a tracking reference signal or a synchronization signal.9.The first apparatus of any of claims 1 to 8, wherein the first apparatus comprises a terminal device, and the second apparatus comprises a network device.10.A second apparatus comprising:at least one processor; andat least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second apparatus at least to:transmit, to a first apparatus, a cell activation command on a first cell serving the first apparatus to trigger an activation of a second cell;cause a transmission of a reference signal on the second cell to the first apparatus; andperform at least one of the following based on a measurement report associated with the reference signal:initiating a transmission of a synchronization signal from the second cell, orstopping a transmission of the synchronization signal.11.The second apparatus of claim 10, wherein the second apparatus is caused to:cause the reference signal to be transmitted from the second cell;monitor the measurement report associated with the reference signal; andinitiate the transmission of the synchronization signal based on a result of the monitoring.12.The second apparatus of claim 11, wherein the second apparatus is caused to:in accordance with a determination that the measurement report associated with the reference signal is not received within a preconfigured time duration, initiate the transmission of the synchronization signal from the second cell.13.The second apparatus of claim 11, wherein the second apparatus is caused to:in accordance with a determination that the measurement report associated with the reference signal is received within a preconfigured time duration, determine whether the measurement report is valid; andin accordance with a determination that the measurement report is not valid, initiate the transmission of the synchronization signal from the second cell.14.The second apparatus of claim 10, wherein the second apparatus is caused to:cause the reference signal and the synchronization signal to be transmitted from the second cell;monitor the measurement report associated with the reference signal; andstop the transmission of the synchronization signal based on a result of the monitoring.15.The second apparatus of claim 14 wherein the second apparatus is caused to:in accordance with a determination that the measurement report associated with the reference signal is received, stop the transmission of the synchronization signal.16.The second apparatus of claim 14, wherein the second apparatus is caused to:in accordance with a determination that the measurement report associated with the reference signal is received, determine whether the measurement report is valid; andin accordance with a determination that the measurement report is valid, stop the transmission of the synchronization signal from the second cell.17.The second apparatus of claim 13 or 16, wherein the second apparatus is caused to:in accordance with a determination that the measurement report excludes an indication of out of range, determine that the measurement report is valid;in accordance with a determination that the measurement report excludes an indication indicating a need for the synchronization signal, determine that the measurement report is valid; orin accordance with a determination that the measurement report excludes an indication of out of range and excludes an indication indicating the need for the synchronization signal, determine that the measurement report is valid.18.The second apparatus of claim 10, wherein the second apparatus is caused to:transmit, to the first apparatus, a configuration of the second cell comprising at least one of:an indication of enabling or disabling the transmission of the synchronization signal,a set of parameters related to the transmission of the synchronization signal,an indication indicating whether the transmission of the synchronization signal is to be initiated, ora start time point of the transmission of the synchronization signal.19.The second apparatus of claim 18, wherein the start time point of the transmission of the synchronization signal comprises at least one of:a time point after receiving a measurement report that is not valid,a time point after a preconfigured time duration for receiving the measurement report,a time point after a first burst or a second burst of the reference signal, ora time point immediately after the cell activation command is transmitted.20.The second apparatus of any of claims 10 to 19, wherein the measurement report comprises a Channel State Information (CSI) report, and wherein the reference signal comprises at least one of a tracking reference signal or a synchronization signal.21.The second apparatus of any of claims 10 to 20, wherein the first apparatus comprises a terminal device, and the second apparatus comprises a network device.22.A method comprising:receiving, from a second apparatus, a cell activation command on a first cell serving the first apparatus to indicate an activation of a second cell;receiving a reference signal on the second cell; anddetermining transmission information about a measurement report associated with the reference signal, for initiating or stopping a transmission of a synchronization signal from the second cell.23.A method comprising:transmitting, to a first apparatus, a cell activation command on a first cell serving the first apparatus to trigger an activation of a second cell;causing a transmission of a reference signal on the second cell to the first apparatus; andperforming at least one of the following based on a measurement report associated with the reference signal:initiating a transmission of a synchronization signal from the second cell, orstopping a transmission of the synchronization signal.24.A first apparatus comprising:means for receiving, from a second apparatus, a cell activation command on a first cell serving the first apparatus to indicate an activation of a second cell;means for receiving a reference signal on the second cell; andmeans for determining transmission information about a measurement report associated with the reference signal, for initiating or stopping a transmission of a synchronization signal from the second cell.25.A second apparatus comprising:means for transmitting, to a first apparatus, a cell activation command on a first cell serving the first apparatus to trigger an activation of a second cell;means for causing a transmission of a reference signal on the second cell to the first apparatus; andmeans for performing at least one of the following based on a measurement report associated with the reference signal:initiating a transmission of a synchronization signal from the second cell, orstopping a transmission of the synchronization signal.26.A computer readable medium comprising instructions stored thereon for causing an apparatus at least to perform the method of any of claims 22-23.
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