Session establishment method, user equipment and network entity
The session establishment method in wireless communication systems identifies human users through user identifiers, allowing personalized policy and QoS settings to be enforced, addressing the lack of user preference consideration in conventional systems.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/077306
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-02-16
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-21
AI Technical Summary
Conventional wireless communication systems fail to consider human user preferences when establishing sessions, requiring manual input of preferences or enforcing policies and QoS controls only at the UE level without considering individual user needs.
A session establishment method that includes sending a user identifier from user equipment to identify the human user, allowing the network entity to provide session acceptance based on user-specific preferences stored in the wireless communication system, including security credentials and QoS settings.
Enables enforcement of human user preferences during session establishment, ensuring personalized policy and QoS settings without manual user intervention, enhancing user experience and efficiency.
Smart Images

Figure CN2024077306_21082025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
SESSION ESTABLISHMENT METHOD, USER EQUIPMENT AND NETWORK ENTITYTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention or disclosure relates to the field of wireless communications, and more particularly, to a session establishment method, a user equipment and a network entity of a wireless communication system.BACKGROUND
[0002] In a wireless communication system or network, for example in a 3GPP network, one or more terminal devices, like a user device or a user equipment, UE, are operated. A terminal device is connected via a radio or wireless connection with a radio access network, RAN, for example with a base station. The RAN, in turn, is connected to the core network, CN, implementing in one or more network entities respective core network functions for controlling the operation of the overall network, like the protocols, network interfaces and services. In such a wireless communication network, one or more of the terminal devices, like a UE, are used by a human user.
[0003] In conventional wireless communication networks, the human user of a UE is unknown to the wireless communication network. Therefore one or more preferences for a session, like security credentials, specific policies or specific Quality of Service, QoS, settings, are only controlled with regard to the UE for which, for example, for certain services, the respective preferences may be known and the communication may be established in such a way that during such a session the desired preferences are achieved. However, any specific preferences, which the human user may have, are not considered unless the human user controls the UE or an application on the UE so that his / her preferences are transformed into UE preferences for a specific session. Thus, conventional approaches either do not at all take into consideration preferences a human user of a mobile terminal may have when using the mobile terminal or an application running on the mobile terminal, or the human user is required to enter data reflecting his preferences into the mobile terminal or into the application that is run by the mobile terminal. In other words, since a conventional wireless communication system is not able to identify a human user when setting up a session including a UE which is operated by the human user, preferences the human user might have or limitations opposed on the human user with regard to performing certain operations or using certain UEs are not considered at all or involve time consuming and cumbersome operations by the human user at the UE. Stated differently, conventional approaches enforce a preference control, like a policy or QoS control, only per UE level but do not consider any preferences of a human user.SUMMARY
[0004] It is an object of the present invention to provide for methods an apparatus that improve the enforcement of one or more preferences a human user may have when operating or using a mobile terminal, like a UE, or when running an application on a mobile terminal.
[0005] This object is achieved by the subject-matter as defined in the independent claims. Favorable further developments are defined in the dependent claims.
[0006] The present invention provides a session establishment method, comprising:
[0007] sending, by a user equipment, UE, of a wireless communication system, a session establishment request, wherein the session establishment request includes a user identifier which identifies a human user, and
[0008] receiving, by the UE, a notification indicating an acceptance of the session establishment request if the user identifier is admitted to the wireless communication system.
[0009] The present invention provides a session establishment method, comprising:
[0010] receiving, by a network entity of a wireless communication system, from a user equipment, UE of the wireless communication system, a session establishment request, wherein the session establishment request includes a user identifier which identifies a human user, and
[0011] providing, by the network entity, a notification to the UE indicating an acceptance of the session establishment request if the user identifier is admitted to the wireless communication system.
[0012] In accordance with embodiments, the connection establishment method comprises:
[0013] sending, by a Session Management Function, SMF, a SM policy control update request to the PCF, the SM policy control update request including the user identifier, and
[0014] sending, by a Policy Control Function, PCF, a SM policy control update response to the SMF, the SM policy control update response including one or more preferences, wherein the one or more preferences are determined based on the user identifier included in the SM policy control update request.
[0015] In accordance with embodiments, the network entity comprises one or more network entities of a core network, CN, of the wireless communication system for implementing one or more CN functions.
[0016] In accordance with embodiments, the one or more CN functions comprise one or more of the following:
[0017] - an Access and Mobility Management Function, AMF,
[0018] - a Session Management Function, SMF,
[0019] - a User Plane Function, UPF,
[0020] - a Unified Data Management, UDM
[0021] - a Unified Data Repository, UDR,
[0022] - a Policy Control Function, PCF.
[0023] In accordance with embodiments, the user identifier is admitted to the wireless communication system if one or more of the following applies:
[0024] - the user identifier is stored in the wireless communication system,
[0025] - the user identifier is active,
[0026] - the user identifier is linked with a UE identifier of the UE,
[0027] - the user identifier is an authorized user identifier for the UE or for a requested service.
[0028] In accordance with embodiments, the user identifier is not admitted to the wireless communication system if one or more of the following applies:
[0029] - the user identifier is not stored in the wireless communication system,
[0030] - the user identifier is inactive,
[0031] - the user identifier is not linked with a UE identifier of the UE,
[0032] - the user identifier is not an authorized user identifier for the UE or for a requested service.
[0033] In accordance with embodiments, the user identifier is stored in the wireless communication system, e.g., in the UDR, and wherein the user identifier is correlated with the UE identifier.
[0034] In accordance with embodiments, the user identifier is included in a user profile of the human user, and wherein the user profile is correlated with the UE identifier.
[0035] In accordance with embodiments, the session establishment method comprises:
[0036] sending the session establishment request, like a Packet Data Unit, PDU, session establishment request, to the CN of the wireless communication system for determining by the CN if the user identifier is admitted to the wireless communication system.
[0037] In accordance with embodiments, the session establishment method comprises:
[0038] - sending the session establishment to the AMF, e.g., via a Radio Access Network, RAN, entity, like a gNB,
[0039] - sending, by the AMF, a session management, SM, context creation or update request to the SMF, the context creation or update request including the user identifier, and
[0040] - sending, by the SMF, a user identifier check request, which includes the user identifier and the UE identifier.
[0041] In accordance with embodiments, the session establishment method comprises:
[0042] checking, e.g., by the UDM, if the user identifier included in the session establishment request is admitted or is not admitted to the wireless communication system.
[0043] In accordance with embodiments, the session establishment request comprises
[0044] - a request to establish a new session, or
[0045] - a request to modify an ongoing session.
[0046] In accordance with embodiments, the notification comprises
[0047] - a session establishment accept message causing a session to be established according to one or more preferences of the human user, or
[0048] - a modification command message causing an ongoing session to be modified according to one or more preferences of the human user.
[0049] In accordance with embodiments, the one or more preferences of the human user are stored in the CN together with the user identifier in a user profile, and the user profile comprise one or more of the following:
[0050] - a user identifier of the human user,
[0051] - one or more devices associated with the human user,
[0052] - one or more devices associated with the human user,
[0053] - one or more credentials of the human user, like security credentials,
[0054] - the one or more user preferences used for session establishment and / or modification, e.g., for QoS and / or policy settings.
[0055] -
[0056] In accordance with embodiments, the session establishment method comprises:
[0057] - responsive to determining that the user identifier included in the session establishment request is admitted to the wireless communication system, obtaining the one or more preferences,
[0058] - determining, by the CN, a PDU session establishment accept message or a PDU modification command message taking into consideration the one or more preferences, and
[0059] - notifying the PDU session establishment accept message or the PDU modification command message to the UE.
[0060] In accordance with embodiments, determining and notifying the PDU session establishment accept message or the PDU modification command message comprises:
[0061] - sending, by the UDM, a user identifier check result to the SMF, which indicates that the user identifier is admitted to the wireless communication system,
[0062] - establishing a N4 session between the UPF and the SMF taking into consideration the one or more preferences received from the PCF.
[0063] - sending, by the SMF, a SM context creation or update response message to the AMF,
[0064] - sending, by the SMF, a N1N2 message transfer to the AMF including the PDU session establishment accept message or the PDU modification command message, and
[0065] - sending, by the AMF, the PDU session establishment accept message or the PDU modification command message to the UE, e.g., via the gNB of the RAN.
[0066] In accordance with embodiments, the session establishment method comprises:
[0067] rejecting the session establishment request if the user identifier is not admitted to the wireless communication system.
[0068] In accordance with embodiments, rejecting the session establishment request comprises:
[0069] providing one or more reasons why the session establishment request is rejected or not allowed.
[0070] In accordance with embodiments, the one or more reasons comprise one or more of the following:
[0071] - the user identifier is not stored in the wireless communication system,
[0072] - the user identifier is inactive,
[0073] - the user identifier is not linked with the UE identifier of the UE sending the session establishment request,
[0074] - the user identifier is not an authorized user identifier for the UE or for the requested service.
[0075] The present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed, cause the method of any embodiment of the present invention to be performed by a user equipment of a wireless communication system and / or by a network entity of a wireless communication system .
[0076] The present invention provides a user equipment, UE, of a wireless communication system, comprising:
[0077] a transmit module configured to send a session establishment request, wherein the session establishment request includes a user identifier which identifies a human user, and
[0078] a receive module configured to receive a notification indicating an acceptance of the session establishment request if the user identifier is admitted to the wireless communication system.
[0079] The present invention provides a network entity of a UE, of a wireless communication system, comprising:
[0080] a receive module configured to receive from user equipment, UE, of the wireless communication system a session establishment request, wherein the session establishment request includes a user identifier which identifies a human user, and
[0081] a transmit module configured to send to the UE a notification indicating an acceptance of the session establishment request if the user identifier is admitted to the wireless communication system.
[0082] The technical solutions provided according to embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects. The present invention is advantageous as it allows also enforcing human user’s preferences for a session which includes the UE that is used by the human use, e.g., enforcing, for example, policies or QoS settings.
[0083] It should be understood that the content described in this section is not intended to identify key or critical features of embodiments of the present invention, nor is intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become readily appreciated from the following descriptions.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0084] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present invention. The drawings are explanatory and serve to explain the present invention, and are not construed to limit the present invention to the illustrated embodiments.
[0085] Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system in accordance with embodiments of the present invention ;
[0086] Fig. 2 illustrates a flow diagram of a method in accordance with embodiments of the present invention;
[0087] Fig. 3 illustrates a flow diagram of a method in accordance with further embodiments of the present invention;
[0088] Fig. 4 illustrates a flow diagram of retrieving from the wireless communication network the one or more preferences of the user in accordance with embodiments of the present invention.
[0089] Fig. 5 illustrates a flow diagram of sending the session establishment request to the CN for checking in accordance with embodiments of the present invention;
[0090] Fig. 6 illustrates a more detailed flow diagram of sending the session establishment request to the CN for checking in accordance with embodiments of the present invention;
[0091] Fig. 7 illustrates a flow diagram how request accept or modification message is determined and notified in accordance with embodiments of the present invention;
[0092] Fig. 8 illustrates a PDU session establishment based on a UE identifier in accordance with embodiments of the present invention;
[0093] Fig. 9 illustrates a flow diagram of a session rejection in accordance with embodiments of the present invention;
[0094] Fig. 10 illustrates a block diagram of a user equipment, UE, of a wireless communication system in accordance with embodiments of the present invention;
[0095] Fig. 11 illustrates a block diagram of a network entity of a wireless communication system in accordance with embodiments of the present invention;
[0096] Fig. 12 illustrates a block diagram illustrating an electronic device configured to implement an image processing method according to embodiments of the present invention.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0097] Illustrative embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the drawings, where various details of the embodiments of the present invention are included to facilitate understanding and should be considered as illustrative only. Accordingly, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications of the embodiments described herein can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. Also, descriptions of well-known functions and constructions are omitted from the following description for clarity and conciseness.
[0098] In the present invention, the term "and / or" is intended to cover all possible combinations and sub-combinations of the listed elements, including any one of the listed elements alone, any sub-combination, or all of the elements, and without necessarily excluding additional elements.
[0099] In the present invention, the phrase "at least one of... or... " is intended to cover any one or more of the listed elements, including any one of the listed elements alone, any sub-combination, or all of the elements, without necessarily excluding any additional elements, and without necessarily requiring all of the elements.
[0100] Terms used in embodiments of the present invention are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, but should not be construed to limit the present invention. As used in the present invention and the appended claims, “a / an” , “said” and “the” in singular forms are intended to include plural forms, unless clearly indicated in the context otherwise. It should also be understood that, the term “and / or” used herein represents and contains any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items.
[0101] It should be understood that, although terms such as “first, ” “second” and “third” may be used in embodiments of the present invention for describing various information, these information should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used for distinguishing information of the same type from each other. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information, without departing from the scope of embodiments of the present invention. Depending on the context, the term “if” as used herein may be construed to mean “when” or “upon” or “in response to determining” .
[0102] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system in accordance with embodiments of the present invention. The communication system includes but is not limited to one network device and one terminal device. The number and form of the devices shown in FIG. 1 are only examples and do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention. In actual applications, two or more network devices and two or more terminal devices may be included. The communication system shown in FIG. 1 includes a network device 100, a terminal device 102 and a core network 104. Further, Fig. 1 illustrates a human user 106 of the terminal device 102, who is to be identified to the communication system in accordance with embodiments of the present invention so that one or more preferences of the user 106 are taken into consideration when establishing a session, like a PDU session involving the terminal device 102 and the user 106.
[0103] It is noted that embodiments of the present invention may be applied to various communication systems. For example, a long term evolution (LTE) system, a fifth generation (5G) mobile communication system, a 5G new radio (NR) system, or other future new mobile communication systems.
[0104] In accordance with embodiments, the network device 100 comprises a Radio Access Network (RAN) entity that is configured to transmit or receive signals. For example, the network device 100 may be an evolved base station (evolved NodeB, eNB) , a transmission reception point (TRP) , a next generation base station (next generation NodeB, gNB) in an NR system, or other base stations in future mobile communication systems, or an access node in a wireless fidelity (WiFi) system, etc. The present invention is not limited to specific technologies and specific equipment forms used by network device. The network device may be formed of a centralized unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU) . The CU may also be called a control unit. The structure of the CU-DU may separate the protocol layers of the network device, such as a base station, and place some protocol layer functions under centralized control on the CU. The remaining part or all protocol layer functions are distributed in the DU, and the CU centrally controls the DU.
[0105] In accordance with embodiments, the terminal device 102 is an entity on the user side for receiving or transmitting signals, such as a mobile phone. The terminal device may also be called terminal device (terminal) , user equipment (user equipment, UE) , mobile station (MS) , mobile terminal device (MT) , etc. The terminal device may be a car with communication functions, a smart car, a mobile phone, a wearable device, a tablet (Pad) , a computer with wireless transceiver functions, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal device in industrial control, a wireless terminal device in self-driving vehicles, a wireless terminal device for remote medical surgery, a wireless terminal device in a smart grid, a wireless terminal device for transportation safety, a wireless terminal device in a smart city, a wireless terminal device in a smart home, etc. The present invention is not limited to a specific technology and a specific equipment form used by the terminal device.
[0106] In accordance with embodiments, the core network (CN) 104 comprises one or more entities, also referred to as CN entities, which communicate with the terminal device 102 using the network device 100. The one or more CN entities implement one or more one or more CN functions, e.g., an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) , a Session Management Function (SMF) , a User Plane Function (UPF) , a Unified Data Management (UDM) , a Unified Data Repository (UDR) , a Policy Control Function (PCF) , a Network Exposure Function (NEF) , an Application Function (AF) .
[0107] It is noted the communication system described with reference to Fig. 1 is one example for implementing embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the communication system described with reference to Fig. 1. As is known by those skilled in the art, with the evolution of system architecture and with emerging new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in accordance with embodiments of the present invention are also applicable for such new system architecture and new business scenarios.
[0108] Embodiments of the present invention allow enforcing one or more preferences of a human user of a UE, for example when operating or using the UE or when running a certain application using the UE, without the need for defining for every session the human user’s preferences. Rather than requesting the preferences each time the UE is used by a human user, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention, a User Identity Profile, UIP, may be stored in the wireless communication system which identifies the one or more preferences of the human user, like security credentials associated with the human user, one or more specific policies associated with the human user and one or more QoS settings, like routing information, associated with the human user. This information is concatenated with a user identifier on the basis of which the human user’s preferences may be retrieved upon establishing a session with the UE which is operated or used by the human user. The UIP may also include a list of devices, like terminal devices or UEs, or services for which the UE identifier and the associated preferences of the human user may be applied, so that by providing one User Identity Profile, the one or more preferences of a human user may be associated with one or more devices, for example linking the user identifier with several devices IDs via the UIP, which is associated with the user identifier and holds one or more of the device IDs.
[0109] In accordance with embodiments of the present invention, in a wireless communication system as described above with reference to Fig. 1, the preferences of the human user 108 are taken into consideration during a session so that also these preferences may be enforced. Other than in conventional approaches, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention, the specific preferences associated with a human user, for example a specific policy or a specific QoS setting, may be controlled using a user identifier. More specifically, the user identifier may be used by the core network, for example the PCF, to request respective preference parameters, like policy or QoS parameters from a storage, like the UDR during a procedure establishing a session or a procedure modifying an ongoing session. In accordance with embodiments, the PCF accesses a User Identity Profile, UIP, which includes the user information and is stored, for example, by the UDR. The user information may include the user identifier, one or more devices associated with the human user, one or more security credentials, one or more user specific policies or QoS settings, like routing information and QoS levels, one or more services and / or applications the human user may access or, the like. For example, in the UDM, the user identifier may be correlated with a device ID of the UE, like a SUPI, with a successful correlation indicating that the user identifier is active or in an active state.
[0110] Fig. 2 illustrates a flow diagram of a method in accordance with embodiments of the present invention. A UE sends a request for a session, which includes a human user identifier, and receives an acceptance notification if the human user or an ID of the human is admitted to the network.
[0111] In accordance with embodiments, a session establishment method, comprises:
[0112] Sending 200, by a user equipment, UE, of a wireless communication system, a session establishment request, wherein the session establishment request includes a user identifier which identifies a human user.
[0113] Receiving 202, by the UE, a notification indicating an acceptance of the session establishment request if the user identifier is admitted to the wireless communication system.
[0114] Fig. 3 illustrates a flow diagram of a method in accordance with further embodiments of the present invention. A network entity receives a request for a session, which includes a human user identifier, and provides an acceptance notification if the human user or an ID of the human is admitted to the network.
[0115] In accordance with embodiments, a session establishment method comprises:
[0116] Receiving 300, by a network entity of a wireless communication system, from a user equipment, UE of the wireless communication system, a session establishment request, wherein the session establishment request includes a user identifier which identifies a human user.
[0117] Providing 302, by the network entity, a notification to the UE indicating an acceptance of the session establishment request if the user identifier is admitted to the wireless communication system.
[0118] Fig. 4 illustrates a flow diagram of retrieving from the wireless communication network the one or more preferences of the user in accordance with embodiments of the present invention.
[0119] In accordance with embodiments, the connection establishment method, comprises:
[0120] Sending 400, by a Session Management Function, SMF, a SM policy control update request to a Policy Control Function, PCF, the SM policy control update request including the user identifier.
[0121] Sending 402, by the PCF, a SM policy control update response to the SMF, the SM policy control update response including the one or more preferences, wherein the one or more preferences are determined based on the user identifier included in the SM policy control update request.
[0122] In accordance with embodiments, the connection establishment method comprises providing, by the PCF, the one or more preferences using the user identifier included in the SM policy control update request. The PCF provides the preferences it already has or it obtained from a storage. Thus, in accordance with other embodiments, the PCF may have the preferences are already stored. In accordance with other embodiments, the PCF may retrieve the preferences from a storage, e.g., from the UDR, before providing them to the SMF.
[0123] In accordance with embodiments, the network entity is a CN entity. For example, the network entity comprises one or more network entities of a core network, CN, of the wireless communication system for implementing one or more CN functions. In accordance with embodiments, the one or more CN functions comprise one or more of the following:
[0124] An Access and Mobility Management Function, AMF.
[0125] A Session Management Function, SMF.
[0126] A User Plane Function, UPF.
[0127] a Unified Data Management, UDM.
[0128] A Unified Data Repository, UDR.
[0129] A Policy Control Function, PCF.
[0130] In accordance with embodiments, the user identifier is admitted to the wireless communication system if one or more of the following applies:
[0131] The user identifier is stored in the wireless communication system.
[0132] The user identifier is active.
[0133] The user identifier is linked with a UE identifier of the UE.
[0134] The user identifier is an authorized user identifier for the UE or for a requested service.
[0135] In accordance with embodiments, the user identifier is not admitted to the wireless communication system if one or more of the following applies:
[0136] The user identifier is not stored in the wireless communication system.
[0137] The user identifier is inactive.
[0138] The user identifier is not linked with a UE identifier of the UE.
[0139] The user identifier is not an authorized user identifier for the UE or for a requested service.
[0140] In accordance with embodiments, the user identifier is stored in the CN and correlated with UE identifier. For example, the user identifier is stored in the wireless communication system, e.g., in the UDR, and wherein the user identifier is correlated with the UE identifier.
[0141] In accordance with embodiments, the user identifier is included in user profile. For example the user identifier is included in a user profile of the human user, which is stored in the CN, and the user profile is correlated with the UE identifier.
[0142] Fig. 5 illustrates a flow diagram of sending the session establishment request to the CN for checking in accordance with embodiments of the present invention. Sending the session establishment request to the CN comprises sending 500 the session establishment request, like a Packet Data Unit, PDU, session establishment request, to the CN of the wireless communication system for determining by the CN if the user identifier is admitted to the wireless communication system.
[0143] Fig. 6 illustrates a more detailed flow diagram of sending the session establishment request to the CN for checking in accordance with embodiments of the present invention. Sending the session establishment request to the CN comprises:
[0144] Sending 600 the session establishment to the AMF, e.g., via a Radio Access Network, RAN, entity, like a gNB,
[0145] Sending 602, by the AMF, a session management, SM, context creation or update request to the SMF, the context creation or update request including the user identifier, and
[0146] Sending 604, by the SMF, a user identifier check request, which includes the user identifier and the UE identifier.
[0147] In accordance with embodiments, the UDM checks if the user identifier included in the session establishment request is admitted or is not admitted to the wireless communication system.
[0148] In accordance with embodiments, the session establishment request is a request to establish a new session, or a request to modify an ongoing session.
[0149] In accordance with embodiments, the notification is a session establishment accept message causing a session to be established according to one or more preferences of the human user. In accordance with other embodiments, the notification is a modification command message causing an ongoing session to be modified according to one or more preferences of the human user.
[0150] In accordance with embodiments, the one or more preferences of the human user are stored in the CN together with the user identifier in a user profile, and the in a user profiles comprise one or more of the following:
[0151] A user identifier of the human user. One or more devices associated with the human user.
[0152] One or more credentials of the human user, like security credentials,
[0153] The one or more user preferences used for session establishment and / or modification, e.g., for QoS and / or policy settings.
[0154] Fig. 7 illustrates a flow diagram how request accept or modification message is determined and notified in accordance with embodiments of the present invention. Determining and notifying the one or more preferences comprises:
[0155] Responsive to determining that the user identifier included in the session establishment request is admitted to the wireless communication system, obtaining 700 the one or more preferences.
[0156] Determining 702, by the CN, a PDU session establishment accept message or a PDU modification command message taking into consideration the one or more preferences.
[0157] Notifying 704 the PDU session establishment accept message or the PDU modification command message to the UE.
[0158] Fig. 8 illustrates a PDU session establishment based on a UE identifier in accordance with embodiments of the present invention. As is indicated at 0, initially, the UDR creates and stores the User Identity Profile, UIP, and correlates the user identity with the UE’s subscriber permanent identifier, SUPI. In accordance with embodiments of the present invention, the process or creating / storing the UIP happens at a time before the inventive session establishment process is used for the first time, i.e., the human user may register with the wireless communication system, for example via a suitable application or another access possibility for allowing the wireless communication system to create the UIP for the human user and for linking it with one or more SUPIs for identifying those UEs or devices which the human user wishes to have its preferences considered so as to have, for example, a desired policy or QoS control enforced not only per UE level but also taking into consideration the human user’s preferences.
[0159] Once the UIP has been registered with the wireless communication system, the PDU session establishment in accordance with embodiments of the present invention is started.
[0160] At 1, the UE sends the PDU session establishment / modification request to the AMF via the gNB. The request includes the user identifier.
[0161] At 2, the AFM sends the SM context creation or update request to the SMF which also includes the user identifier.
[0162] At 3, the SMF sends a user identifier check request including also the user identifier and the SUPI of the UE.
[0163] At 4, the UDM checks whether the user identifier is active and linked with the SUPI or whether the user identifier is authorized.
[0164] At 5, the UDM returns the user identifier check result to the SMF.
[0165] At 6, the SMF sends the SM policy control update request to the PCF, which includes the user identifier.
[0166] At 7, the PCF retrieves from the UDR the policy and / or QoS information from the UIP with which the user identifier is correlated or associated.
[0167] At 8, the PCF sends the SM policy control update response which includes the QoS and / policy parameters from the UIP, i.e., the user preferred parameters for the session.
[0168] At 9, the SMF selects the UPF and establishes a N4 session between the UPF and the SMF taking into account or consideration the QoS and / or policy parameters received from the PCF.
[0169] At 10, the SMF sends a SM contact creation / update response message to the AMF and, at 11, a N1N2 message transfer to the AMF including the PDU session establishment accept or modification command message.
[0170] At 12, the AMF sends the PDU session establishment accept or modification command message to the UE via the gNB, thereby completing the establishing of the session.
[0171] As a consequence of the inventive approach described above with reference to a specific embodiment, during the now established session, also the user preferences regarding policy / QoS control can be enforced.
[0172] The above-described embodiment assumes that a user identify profile exists in the wireless communication network. However, in accordance with other embodiments, no such user identify profile may exist. If the user identifier included in the identifier check request is not linked to the UE which initiated the session or the modification of the session by sending the PDU session establishment / modification request, i.e., in case the user identifier is not linked to the SUPI of the UE, or in case the user identifier is not active, the UDM sends a response message including a rejection. In case the user identifier is not authorized, the network sends to the UE a PDU session establishment reject message, preferably indicating to the UE the cause or reason for the rejection.
[0173] In accordance with embodiments, the UE receives a session rejection a for a non-admitted user or user identity.
[0174] Fig. 9 illustrates a flow diagram of a session rejection in accordance with embodiments of the present invention. The session rejection comprises rejecting 900 the session establishment request if the user identifier is not admitted to the wireless communication system.
[0175] In accordance with embodiments, rejecting the session establishment request further comprises providing one or more reasons why the session establishment request is rejected or not allowed. In accordance with embodiments, the one or more reasons comprise one or more of the following:
[0176] The user identifier is not stored in the wireless communication system.
[0177] The user identifier is inactive.
[0178] The user identifier is not linked with the UE identifier of the UE sending the session establishment request.
[0179] The user identifier is not an authorized user identifier for the UE or for the requested service.
[0180] So far, the inventive concept has been described with reference to embodiments concerning a session establishment method. In accordance with further embodiments, the present invention also provides a user equipment and a network entity operating in accordance with the above-described embodiments.
[0181] Fig. 10 illustrates a block diagram of a user equipment, UE, 1000 of a wireless communication system in accordance with embodiments of the present invention. The UE 1000 may implement the terminal device 102 which has been described above with reference to Fig. 1.
[0182] The UE 1000 incudes a transmit module 1002 configured to send a session establishment request, wherein the session establishment request includes a user identifier which identifies a human user.
[0183] The UE 1000 further incudes a receive module 1004 configured to receive a notification indicating an acceptance of the session establishment request if the user identifier is admitted to the wireless communication system.
[0184] Fig. 11 illustrates a block diagram of a network entity 1100 of a wireless communication system in accordance with embodiments of the present invention. The network entity 1100 may implement the one or more CN entities of the CN 104, as has been described above with reference to Fig. 1.
[0185] The network entity 1100 incudes a receive module 1102 configured to receive from user equipment, UE, of the wireless communication system a session establishment request, wherein the session establishment request includes a user identifier which identifies a human user.
[0186] The network entity 1100 further incudes a transmit module 1104 configured to send to the UE a notification indicating an acceptance of the session establishment request if the user identifier is admitted to the wireless communication system
[0187] The present invention further provides in embodiments an electronic device, a computer-readable storage medium and a computer program product.
[0188] Although some aspects of the disclosed concept have been described in the context of a method, it is clear that these aspects also represent a description of the corresponding apparatus, where a method step or a feature of a method step corresponds to a block or a device. Analogously, aspects described in the context of an apparatus also represent a description of a corresponding method step of a corresponding method.
[0189] Fig. 12 is a block diagram illustrating an electronic device 1200 according to embodiments of the present invention.
[0190] The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as a laptop, a desktop, a workstation, a personal digital assistant, a server, a blade server, a mainframe computer, and other suitable computers. The electronic device may also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as a personal digital processor, a cellular phone, a smart phone, a wearable device, and other similar computing devices. The electronic device may also represent various forms of CN network entities The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are described as examples only, and are not intended to limit implementations of the present invention described and / or claimed herein.
[0191] Referring to Fig. 12, the device 1200 includes a computing unit 1201 to perform various appropriate actions and processes according to computer program instructions stored in a read only memory (ROM) 1202, or loaded from a storage unit 1208 into a random access memory (RAM) 1203. In the RAM 1203, various programs and data for the operation of the storage device 1200 can also be stored. The computing unit 1201, the ROM 1202, and the RAM 1203 are connected to each other through a bus 1204. An input / output (I / O) interface 1205 is also connected to the bus 1204.
[0192] Components in the device 1200 are connected to the I / O interface 1205, including: an input unit 1206, such as a keyboard, a mouse; an output unit 1207, such as various types of displays, speakers; a storage unit 1208, such as a disk, an optical disk; and a communication unit 1209, such as network cards, modems, wireless communication transceivers, and the like. The communication unit 1209 allows the device 1200 to exchange information / data with other devices through a computer network such as the Internet and / or various telecommunication networks.
[0193] The computing unit 1201 may be formed of various general-purpose and / or special-purpose processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the computing unit 1201 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU) , graphics processing unit (GPU) , various specialized artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various computing units that run machine learning model algorithms, digital signal processor (DSP) , and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The computing unit 1201 performs various methods and processes described above, such as an image processing method. For example, in some embodiments, the image processing method may be implemented as computer software programs that are tangibly embodied on a machine-readable medium, such as the storage unit 1208. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program may be loaded and / or installed on the device 1200 via the ROM 1202 and / or the communication unit 1209. When a computer program is loaded into the RAM 1203 and executed by the computing unit 1201, one or more steps of the image processing method described above may be performed. In some embodiments, the computing unit 1201 may be configured to perform the image processing method in any other suitable manner (e.g., by means of firmware) .
[0194] Various implementations of the systems and techniques described herein above may be implemented in digital electronic circuitry, integrated circuit systems, field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) , application specific integrated circuits (ASIC) , application specific standard products (ASSP) , system-on-chip (SOC) , complex programmable logic device (CPLD) , computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various embodiments may include being implemented in one or more computer programs executable and / or interpretable on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, and the programmable processor may be a special-purpose or general-purpose programmable processor, and may receive data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device and at least one output device, and may transmit data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.
[0195] Program code for implementing the methods of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes may be provided to a processor or controller of a general computer, a dedicated computer, or other programmable data processing device, such that the program codes, when executed by the processor or controller, cause the functions and / or operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams is performed. The program code can be executed entirely on the machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package partly on a machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on a remote machine or server.
[0196] In the context of the present invention, a machine-readable medium may be a tangible medium that may contain or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The machine-readable medium may be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. A machine-readable medium may include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of machine-readable storage media include electrical connections based on one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memories (RAM) , read-only memories (ROM) , erasable programmable read-only memories (EPROM or flash memory) , fiber optics, compact disc read-only memories (CD-ROM) , optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
[0197] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein may be implemented on a computer having a display device (e.g., a cathode ray tube (CRT) or liquid crystal display (LCD) ) for displaying information for the user; and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which a user can provide an input to the computer. Other types of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user, for example, the feedback provided to the user may be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback) ; and may be in any form (including acoustic input, voice input, or tactile input) to receive the input from the user.
[0198] The systems and techniques described herein may be implemented on a computing system that includes back-end components (e.g., as a data server) , or a computing system that includes middleware components (e.g., an application server) , or a computing system that includes front-end components (e.g., a user computer with a graphical user interface or web browser through which a user can interact with implementations of the systems and techniques described herein) , or a computer system including such a backend components, middleware components, front-end components or any combination thereof. The components of the system may be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network) . Examples of the communication network includes: Local Area Networks (LAN) , Wide Area Networks (WAN) , the Internet and blockchain networks.
[0199] The computer system may include a client and a server. The Client and server are generally remote from each other and usually interact through a communication network. The relationship of the client and the server is generated by computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. The server may be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or a cloud host, which is a host product in the cloud computing service system, and solves the defects of difficult management and weak business expansion in traditional physical hosts and virtual private servers ( "VPS" for short) . The server may also be a server of a distributed system, or a server combined with a blockchain.
[0200] It should be understood that the steps may be reordered, added or deleted by using the various forms of flows shown above. For example, the steps described in the present invention may be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired results of the technical solutions in the present invention can be achieved, and no limitation is imposed herein.
[0201] The above-mentioned specific embodiments do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and replacements may be made depending on design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1.A session establishment method, comprising:sending, by a user equipment, UE, of a wireless communication system, a session establishment request, wherein the session establishment request includes a user identifier which identifies a human user, andreceiving, by the UE, a notification indicating an acceptance of the session establishment request if the user identifier is admitted to the wireless communication system.2.A session establishment method, comprising:receiving, by a network entity of a wireless communication system, from a user equipment, UE of the wireless communication system, a session establishment request, wherein the session establishment request includes a user identifier which identifies a human user, andproviding, by the network entity, a notification to the UE indicating an acceptance of the session establishment request if the user identifier is admitted to the wireless communication system.3.The connection establishment method of claim 1 or 2, comprising- sending, by a Session Management Function, SMF, a SM policy control update request to a Policy Control Function, PCF, the SM policy control update request including the user identifier, and- sending, by the PCF, a SM policy control update response to the SMF, the SM policy control update response including one or more preferences, wherein the one or more preferences are determined based on the user identifier included in the SM policy control update request.4.The session establishment method of claim 2 or 3, wherein the network entity comprises one or more network entities of a core network, CN, of the wireless communication system for implementing one or more CN functions.5.The session establishment method of claim 4, wherein the one or more CN functions comprise one or more of the following:- an Access and Mobility Management Function, AMF,- a Session Management Function, SMF,- a User Plane Function, UPF,- a Unified Data Management, UDM- a Unified Data Repository, UDR,- a Policy Control Function, PCF.6.The session establishment method of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the user identifier is admitted to the wireless communication system if one or more of the following applies:- the user identifier is stored in the wireless communication system,- the user identifier is active,- the user identifier is linked with a UE identifier of the UE,- the user identifier is an authorized user identifier for the UE or for a requested service.7.The session establishment method of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the user identifier is not admitted to the wireless communication system if one or more of the following applies:- the user identifier is not stored in the wireless communication system,- the user identifier is inactive,- the user identifier is not linked with a UE identifier of the UE,- the user identifier is not an authorized user identifier for the UE or for a requested service.8.The session establishment method of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the user identifier is stored in the wireless communication system, e.g., in the UDR, and wherein the user identifier is correlated with the UE identifier.9.The session establishment method of claim 8, wherein the user identifier is included in a user profile of the human user, and wherein the user profile is correlated with the UE identifier.10.The session establishment method of any one of the preceding claims, comprising:sending the session establishment request, like a Packet Data Unit, PDU, session establishment request, to the CN of the wireless communication system for determining by the CN if the user identifier is admitted to the wireless communication system.11.The session establishment method of claim 10, comprising:- sending the session establishment to the AMF, e.g., via a Radio Access Network, RAN, entity, like a gNB,- sending, by the AMF, a session management, SM, context creation or update request to the SMF, the context creation or update request including the user identifier, and- sending, by the SMF, a user identifier check request, which includes the user identifier and the UE identifier.12.The session establishment method of any one of the preceding claims, comprising:checking, e.g., by the UDM, if the user identifier included in the session establishment request is admitted or is not admitted to the wireless communication system.13.The session establishment method of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the session establishment request comprises- a request to establish a new session, or- a request to modify an ongoing session.14.The session establishment method of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the notification comprises- a session establishment accept message causing a session to be established according to one or more preferences of the human user, or- a modification command message causing an ongoing session to be modified according to one or more preferences of the human user.15.The session establishment method of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the one or more preferences of the human user are stored in the CN together with the user identifier in a user profile, and wherein the user profile comprises one or more of the following:- a user identifier of the human user,- one or more devices associated with the human user,- one or more credentials of the human user, like security credentials,- the one or more user preferences used for session establishment and / or modification, e.g., for QoS and / or policy settings.16.The session establishment method of claim 14 or 15, comprising:- responsive to determining that the user identifier included in the session establishment request is admitted to the wireless communication system, obtaining the one or more preferences,- determining, by the CN, a PDU session establishment accept message or a PDU modification command message taking into consideration the one or more preferences, and- notifying the PDU session establishment accept message or the PDU modification command message to the UE.17.The session establishment method of claim 16, wherein determining and notifying the PDU session establishment accept message or the PDU modification command message comprises:- sending, by the UDM, a user identifier check result to the SMF, which indicates that the user identifier is admitted to the wireless communication system,- establishing a N4 session between the UPF and the SMF taking into consideration the one or more preferences received from the PCF.- sending, by the SMF, a SM context creation or update response message to the AMF,- sending, by the SMF, a N1N2 message transfer to the AMF including the PDU session establishment accept message or the PDU modification command message, and- sending, by the AMF, the PDU session establishment accept message or the PDU modification command message to the UE, e.g., via the gNB of the RAN.18.The session establishment method of any one of the preceding claims, comprising:rejecting the session establishment request if the user identifier is not admitted to the wireless communication system.19.The session establishment method of claim 18, wherein rejecting the session establishment request comprises:providing one or more reasons why the session establishment request is rejected or not allowed.20.The session establishment method of claim 19, wherein the one or more reasons comprise one or more of the following:- the user identifier is not stored in the wireless communication system,- the user identifier is inactive,- the user identifier is not linked with the UE identifier of the UE sending the session establishment request,- the user identifier is not an authorized user identifier for the UE or for the requested service.21.A computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed, cause the method of any one of the preceding claims to be performed by a user equipment of a wireless communication system and / or by a network entity of a wireless communication system .22.A user equipment, UE, of a wireless communication system, comprising:a transmit module configured to send a session establishment request, wherein the session establishment request includes a user identifier which identifies a human user, anda receive module configured to receive a notification indicating an acceptance of the session establishment request if the user identifier is admitted to the wireless communication system.23.A network entity of a UE, of a wireless communication system, comprising:a receive module configured to receive from user equipment, UE, of the wireless communication system a session establishment request, wherein the session establishment request includes a user identifier which identifies a human user, anda transmit module configured to send to the UE a notification indicating an acceptance of the session establishment request if the user identifier is admitted to the wireless communication system.
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