Transmission mechanisms
By implementing PHY IDs for AIoT devices, the issue of uncontrolled RF reflections and interference is addressed, improving communication efficiency and reducing storage overhead in AIoT devices.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/077329
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-02-17
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-21
AI Technical Summary
Ambient IoT (AIoT) devices face issues of uncontrolled RF reflection causing interference and confusing reader behavior due to lack of appropriate control mechanisms, leading to high interference and mis-readings in the same spectrum.
Introduce a Physical Layer Identifier (PHY ID) shared among devices in a communication link to reduce storage overhead and enable controlled transmissions, using a network device to assign and manage PHY IDs for AIoT devices, activators, and readers.
Reduces storage complexity and interference by ensuring targeted transmissions and receptions, enhancing communication efficiency and reducing mis-triggering in AIoT devices.
Smart Images

Figure CN2024077329_21082025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
TRANSMISSION MECHANISMSFIELD
[0001] Example embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to the field of communications, and in particular, to a first device, a second device, a third device, a fourth device, methods, apparatuses, and a computer-readable medium for transmission mechanisms for devices, such as, ambient Internet of Things (IoT) devices.BACKGROUND
[0002] Ambient IoT (AIoT) devices (also referred to as “IoT devices” ; throughout the present disclosure, the two terms are exchangeable) are expected to support ultra-low cost and ultra-low power conditions for the IoT applications. If without any (appropriate) control, a simple AIoT device may reflect any signal which actives its radio frequency (RF) . Such un-controlled reflection will lead to high interference to other system (s) . In addition, un-controlled AIoT transmission may also confuse reader behavior, or other AIoT devices operating in the same spectrum may be wrongly read. Therefore, signaling design for downlink / uplink (DL / UL) signals / channels needs to be further studied.SUMMARY
[0003] In general, example embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solution for transmission mechanisms for devices such as ambient IoT devices.
[0004] In a first aspect, there is provided a first device. The first device comprises at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first device at least to: receive a first transmission from a second device, wherein the first transmission is based on an identifier (ID) , and the ID is associated with a plurality of devices in a communication link; determine that the ID related to the first transmission is associated with the first device; and perform a second transmission to a third device.
[0005] In a second aspect, there is provided a second device. The second device comprises at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second device at least to: receive, from a fourth device, configuration information of an identifier (ID) which is associated with a plurality of devices in a communication link, wherein the second device is among the plurality of devices; generate, based on the ID, a first transmission for a first device among the plurality of devices; and transmit the first transmission to the first device.
[0006] In a third aspect, there is provided a third device. The third device comprises at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the third device at least to: receive, from a fourth device, configuration information of an identifier (ID) which is associated with a plurality of devices in a communication link, wherein the third device is among the plurality of devices; receive a first transmission from a first device; and based on ID detection, determine whether the first transmission is based on the ID.
[0007] In a fourth aspect, there is provided a fourth device. The fourth device comprises at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the network device at least to: determine an identifier (ID) which is associated with a plurality of devices in a communication link; transmit configuration information of the ID to a second device among the plurality of devices; and transmit the configuration information of the ID to a third device among the plurality of devices.
[0008] In a fifth aspect, there is provided a method. The method comprises: receiving, at a first device, a first transmission from a second device, wherein the first transmission is based on an identifier (ID) , and the ID is associated with a plurality of devices in a communication link; determining, by the first device, that the ID related to the first transmission is associated with the first device; and performing, by the first device, a second transmission to a third device.
[0009] In a sixth aspect, there is provided a method. The method comprises: receiving, at a second device and from a fourth device, configuration information of an identifier (ID) which is associated with a plurality of devices in a communication link, wherein the second device is among the plurality of devices; generating, by the second device and based on the ID, a first transmission for a first device among the plurality of devices; and transmitting, at the second device and to the first device, the first transmission.
[0010] In a seventh aspect, there is provided a method. The method comprises: receiving, at a third device and from a fourth device, configuration information of an identifier (ID) which is associated with a plurality of devices in a communication link, wherein the third device is among the plurality of devices; receiving a first transmission from a first device; and based on ID detection, determining, by the third device, whether the first transmission is based on the ID.
[0011] In an eighth aspect, there is provided a method. The method comprises: determining, by a fourth device, an identifier (ID) which is associated with a plurality of devices in a communication link; transmitting, at the fourth device and to a second device among the plurality of devices, configuration information of the ID; and transmitting, at the fourth device and to a third device among the plurality of devices, the configuration information of the ID.
[0012] In a ninth aspect, there is provided an apparatus. The apparatus comprises: means for receiving a first transmission from a second device, wherein the first transmission is based on an identifier (ID) , and the ID is associated with a plurality of devices in a communication link; means for determining that the ID related to the first transmission is associated with the first device; and means for performing a second transmission to a third device.
[0013] In a tenth aspect, there is provided an apparatus. The apparatus comprises: means for receiving, from a fourth device, configuration information of an identifier (ID) which is associated with a plurality of devices in a communication link, wherein the second device is among the plurality of devices; means for generating, based on the ID, a first transmission for a first device among the plurality of devices; and means for transmitting the first transmission to the first device.
[0014] In an eleventh aspect, there is provided an apparatus. The apparatus comprises: means for receiving, from a fourth device, configuration information of an identifier (ID) which is associated with a plurality of devices in a communication link, wherein the third device is among the plurality of devices; means for receiving a first transmission from a first device; and based on ID detection, means for determining whether the first transmission is based on the ID.
[0015] In a twelfth aspect, there is provided an apparatus. The apparatus comprises: means for determining an identifier (ID) which is associated with a plurality of devices in a communication link; means for transmitting configuration information of the ID to a second device among the plurality of devices; and means for transmitting the configuration information of the ID to a third device among the plurality of devices.
[0016] In a thirteenth aspect, there is provided a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon. The instructions, when executed on at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform the method of any of the fifth to eighth aspects.
[0017] In a fourteenth aspect, there is provided a computer program comprising instructions, which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus at least to: receive a first transmission from a second device, wherein the first transmission is based on an identifier (ID) , and the ID is associated with a plurality of devices in a communication link; determine that the ID related to the first transmission is associated with the first device; and perform a second transmission to a third device.
[0018] In a fifteenth aspect, there is provided a computer program comprising instructions, which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus at least to: receive, from a fourth device, configuration information of an identifier (ID) which is associated with a plurality of devices in a communication link, wherein the second device is among the plurality of devices; generate, based on the ID, a first transmission for a first device among the plurality of devices; and transmit the first transmission to the first device.
[0019] In a sixteenth aspect, there is provided a computer program comprising instructions, which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus at least to: receive, from a fourth device, configuration information of an identifier (ID) which is associated with a plurality of devices in a communication link, wherein the third device is among the plurality of devices; receive a first transmission from a first device; and based on ID detection, determine whether the first transmission is based on the ID.
[0020] In a seventeenth aspect, there is provided a computer program comprising instructions, which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus at least to: determine an identifier (ID) which is associated with a plurality of devices in a communication link; transmit configuration information of the ID to a second device among the plurality of devices; and transmit the configuration information of the ID to a third device among the plurality of devices.
[0021] In an eighteenth aspect, there is provided a first device. The first device comprises: receiving circuitry configured to receive a first transmission from a second device, wherein the first transmission is based on an identifier (ID) , and the ID is associated with a plurality of devices in a communication link; determining circuitry configured to determine that the ID related to the first transmission is associated with the first device; and performing circuitry configured to perform a second transmission to a third device.
[0022] In a nineteenth aspect, there is provided a second device. The second device comprises: receiving circuitry configured to receive, from a fourth device, configuration information of an identifier (ID) which is associated with a plurality of devices in a communication link, wherein the second device is among the plurality of devices; generating circuitry configured to generate, based on the ID, a first transmission for a first device among the plurality of devices; and transmitting circuitry configured to transmit, to the first device, the first transmission.
[0023] In a twentieth aspect, there is provided a third device. The third device comprises: first receiving circuitry configured to receive, from a fourth device, configuration information of an identifier (ID) which is associated with a plurality of devices in a communication link, wherein the third device is among the plurality of devices; second receiving circuitry configured to receive a first transmission from a first device; and based on ID detection, determining circuitry configured to determine whether the first transmission is based on the ID.
[0024] In a twenty-first aspect, there is provided a fourth device. The fourth device comprises: determining circuitry configured to determine an identifier (ID) which is associated with a plurality of devices in a communication link; first transmitting circuitry configured to transmit, to a second device among the plurality of devices, configuration information of the ID; and second transmitting circuitry configured to transmit, to a third device among the plurality of devices, the configuration information of the ID.
[0025] It is to be understood that the summary section is not intended to identify key or essential features of embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become easily comprehensible through the following description.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0026] Some example embodiments will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
[0027] FIG. 1A illustrates an example network environment in which some example embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented;
[0028] FIG. 1B illustrates another example network environment in which some example embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented;
[0029] FIG. 1C illustrates further another example network environment in which some example embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented;
[0030] FIG. 2 illustrates a signaling chart illustrating an example communication process in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0031] FIG. 3 illustrates a signaling chart illustrating another example communication process in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0032] FIG. 4 illustrates a flowchart of an example method implemented at a first device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0033] FIG. 5 illustrates a flowchart of an example method implemented at a second device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0034] FIG. 6 illustrates a flowchart of an example method implemented at a third device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0035] FIG. 7 illustrates a flowchart of an example method implemented at a fourth device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0036] FIG. 8 illustrates a simplified block diagram of a device that is suitable for implementing some example embodiments of the present disclosure; and
[0037] FIG. 9 illustrates a block diagram of an example of a computer-readable medium in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0038] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0039] Principles of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some example embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. The disclosure described herein can be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.
[0040] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0041] References in the present disclosure to “one embodiment, ” “an embodiment, ” “an example embodiment, ” and the like indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but it is not necessary that every embodiment includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
[0042] It shall be understood that although the terms “first” and “second” etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of example embodiments. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms.
[0043] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a” , “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” , “comprising” , “has” , “having” , “includes” and / or “including” , when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, elements, and / or components etc., but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and / or combinations thereof. As used herein, “at least one of the following: <a list of two or more elements>” and “at least one of <a list of two or more elements>” and similar wording, where the list of two or more elements are joined by “and” or “or” , mean at least any one of the elements, or at least any two or more of the elements, or at least all the elements.
[0044] As used in this application, the term “circuitry” may refer to one or more or all of the following:
[0045] (a) hardware-only circuit implementations (such as implementations in only analog and / or digital circuitry) and
[0046] (b) combinations of hardware circuits and software, such as (as applicable) :
[0047] (i) a combination of analog and / or digital hardware circuit (s) with software / firmware and
[0048] (ii) any portions of hardware processor (s) with software (including digital signal processor (s) ) , software, and memory (ies) that work together to cause an apparatus, such as a mobile phone or server, to perform various functions) and
[0049] (c) hardware circuit (s) and or processor (s) , such as a microprocessor (s) or a portion of a microprocessor (s) , that requires software (for example, firmware) for operation, but the software may not be present when it is not needed for operation.
[0050] This definition of circuitry applies to all uses of this term in this application, including in any claims. As a further example, as used in this application, the term circuitry also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor (or multiple processors) or portion of a hardware circuit or processor and its (or their) accompanying software and / or firmware. The term circuitry also covers, for example and if applicable to the particular claim element, a baseband integrated circuit or processor integrated circuit for a mobile device or a similar integrated circuit in server, a cellular network device, or other computing or network device.
[0051] As used herein, the term “communication network” refers to a network following any suitable communication standards, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) , LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) , Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) , High-Speed Packet Access (HSPA) , Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) , Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) and so on. Furthermore, the communications between a terminal device and a network device in the communication network may be performed according to any suitable generation communication protocols, including, but not limited to, the fourth generation (4G) , 4.5G, the future fifth generation (5G) , IEEE 802.11 communication protocols, and / or any other protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. Embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied in various communication systems. Given the rapid development in communications, there will of course also be future type communication technologies and systems with which the present disclosure may be embodied. It should not be seen as limiting the scope of the present disclosure to only the aforementioned system.
[0052] As used herein, the term “network device” refers to a node in a communication network via which a terminal device accesses the network and receives services therefrom. The network device may refer to a base station (BS) or an access point (AP) , for example, a node B (NodeB or NB) , an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , a NR NB (also referred to as a gNB) , a Remote Radio Unit (RRU) , a radio header (RH) , a remote radio head (RRH) , a WiFi device, a relay, a low power node such as a femto, a pico, and so forth, depending on the applied terminology and technology. In the following description, the terms “network device” , “AP device” , “AP” and “access point” may be used interchangeably.
[0053] The term “terminal device” refers to any end device that may be capable of wireless communication. By way of example rather than limitation, a terminal device may also be referred to as a communication device, user equipment (UE) , a Subscriber Station (SS) , a Portable Subscriber Station, a Mobile Station (MS) , a station (STA) or station device, or an Access Terminal (AT) . The terminal device may include, but not limited to, a mobile phone, a cellular phone, a smart phone, voice over IP (VoIP) phones, wireless local loop phones, a tablet, a wearable terminal device, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , portable computers, desktop computer, image capture terminal devices such as digital cameras, gaming terminal devices, music storage and playback appliances, vehicle-mounted wireless terminal devices, wireless endpoints, mobile stations, laptop-embedded equipment (LEE) , laptop-mounted equipment (LME) , USB dongles, smart devices, wireless customer-premises equipment (CPE) , an Internet of Things (loT) device, a watch or other wearable, a VR (virtual reality) device, an XR (eXtended reality) device, a head-mounted display (HMD) , a vehicle, a drone, a medical device and applications (for example, remote surgery) , an industrial device and applications (for example, a robot and / or other wireless devices operating in an industrial and / or an automated processing chain contexts) , a consumer electronics device, a device operating on commercial and / or industrial wireless networks, and the like. In the following description, the terms “station” , “station device” , “STA” , “terminal device” , “communication device” , “terminal” , “user equipment” and “UE” may be used interchangeably.
[0054] AIoT devices are expected to support ultra-low cost and ultra-low power for the IoT applications. A new Rel-19 study item, “Study on solutions for Ambient IoT (Internet of Things) in NR” has been approved in RAN#102. This study targets a further assessment at RAN WG-level of Ambient IoT, a new 3GPP IoT technology, suitable for deployment in a 3GPP system, which relies on ultra-low complexity devices with ultra-low power consumption for the very-low end IoT applications.
[0055] However, if without any (appropriate) control, a simple AIoT device may reflect any signal which actives its RF. Such un-controlled reflection will lead to high interference to other system (s) . In addition, un-controlled AIoT transmission may also confuse reader behavior, or other AIoT devices operating in the same spectrum may be wrongly read.
[0056] On one hand, in some circumstances, an intermediate node may serve more than one AIoT device, for example, tag. The tag may be reflective, i.e., the tag may be able to receive signals (for example, activation signals from, for example, an activator) , and reflect signals to, for example, a reader. For example, in a network environment which includes two AIoT devices Tag#1 and Tag#2, one activator, and two readers (which can be referred to as Reader#1 and Reader#2) where the activator transmits activation signals to Tag#1 and Tag#2, Tag#1 transmits reflection signals to Reader#1 and Tag#2 transmits reflection signals to Tag#2, activation signal from the activator to trigger Tag#1 transmissions should not trigger Tag#2 transmissions. Otherwise, un-expected Tag#2 transmissions will cause interference to Tag#1 communication link. Hence, a method to distinguish transmission target is desired. In order to distinguish transmission target, RNTI may be introduced to help receiver (in this case, Reader#1 and / or Reader#2) to know whether it is the transmission target. Therefore, AIoT device specific RNTI could be introduced to distinguish the activation signal.
[0057] On the other hand, in order to introduce an AIoT device specific RNTI to distinguish the activation signal, in a connection between a tag and a reader (for example, the connection between Tag#1 and Reader#1, and / or the connection between Tag#2 and Reader#2) , reader specific ID may need to be included in the reflection signal from Tag#1 to Reader#1 and / or from Tag#2 to Reader#2, in order to help Reader#1 and / or Reader#2 to identify whether it is the transmission target, i.e., the target receiver of the reflection signal.
[0058] Hence, at least two IDs (AIoT device ID (for example, Tag#1 and / or Tag#2 as described above as an example) and reader ID (for example, Reader#1 and / or Reader#2 as described above as an example) ) may be used in a communication cycle of the AIoT device. As the AIoT device may only have limited storage capability, storing two IDs may also be an overhead for the AIoT device (i.e., tag) .
[0059] In addition, more than one activator / readers may serve one AIoT device. For example, two readers (for example, Reader#1 and Reader#2) may be used to serve one AIoT device (for example, Tag#1) in order to improve the receiving performance (via spatial diversity or via data combining) or locate the AIoT device Tag#1. To support this, two readers (i.e., Reader#1 and Reader#2) need to receive the same reflection signal. Hence, reader specific ID should not be used in this case.
[0060] In order to address aforementioned two scenarios / issues, a new mechanism to facilitate tag and reader to identify AIoT transmissions are expected, in order to avoid mis-triggering the tag transmission and mis-triggering the reader reception.
[0061] FIG. 1A illustrates an example network environment 100A in which some embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented. The network environment 100A, which is a part of a communication network, includes a first device 110, a second device 120, and a third device 130. The first device 110, second device 120 and third device 130 are shown in FIG. 1 only for illustrative purpose. Although only one first device 110, one second device 120 and one third device 130 are shown in the example network environment 100A as illustrated in FIG. 1A, the number of the first device 110, second device 120 and third device 130 is not limited thereto. In other words, there may be more than one first device 110 and / or more than one second device 120 and / or more than one third device 130 in the example network environment 100A. In case there are multiple first devices 110 in the example network environment 100A, each of the multiple first devices 110 may be referred to as first device 110-1, 110-2, …110-M (M is the number of the multiple first devices 110) , and the multiple first devices 110 may be simply referred to as first devices 110 collectively. Similarly, in case there are multiple third devices 130 in the example network environment 100A, each of the multiple third devices 130 may be referred to as first device 130-1, 130-2, …130-N (N is the number of the multiple third devices 130) , and the multiple third devices 130 may be simply referred to as third devices 130 collectively.
[0062] A fourth device 140 may also be included in the example network environment 100A. The first device 110 may be an AIoT device, for example, a tag. The tag may be reflective, i.e., the tag may be able to receive signals from, for example, the second device 120, and reflect signals to, for example, the third device 130. The first device 110 may collect data and transmit the data via reflection signals to the third device 130. Here, the first device 110 may be an AIoT device, for example, a tag. The second device 120 may be an activator, which, for example, sends activation signals to the first device 110 to activate the first device 110. For example, the activation signals may be or may comprise signals to facilitate an AIoT device synchronization, and / or to help to identify transmission target (transmission recipient) or transmission purpose, and / or to deliver message / data to an AIoT device, and / to indicate when the transmission starts and when it ends. The third device 130 may be a reader, which, for example, receives data (for example, via reflection signals) from the first device 110, and, in some circumstances, forwards the data to the fourth device 140. The fourth device 140 may be a network device, for example, a base station.
[0063] The first device 110, second device 120 and third device 130 may, for example, by the fourth device 140 based on assistance information received from the core network, be configured to belong to an AIoT service communication link. In this case, the fourth device 140 may assign a physical layer identifier (also referred to as “PHY layer ID” or simply “PHY ID” herein) to the AIoT service communication link and send the PHY ID to the first device 110, second device 120 and third device 130 which are included in the AIoT service communication link, to enhance their later communication within the AIoT service communication link. The reason why a PHY ID (instead of a higher layer ID) is chosen lies in that, a PHY ID can be identified faster than a high layer ID, thus a security problem (for example, illegal monitoring, malicious attacks, etc. ) may be detected much earlier. In the AIoT service communication link, the second device 120 and the third device 130 may be referred to as an “intermediate node” , respectively. The AIoT service communication link may be determined by the fourth device 140, for example, based on assistance information from the core network, and nodes within an AIoT service communication link may share a same PHY ID to assist communication within the AIoT service communication link. The AIoT service communication link may also be determined by the fourth device 140 based on an AIoT service (for example, which nodes are needed to support (or provide) the AIoT service) . In this way, by introducing the PHY ID, only one ID (i.e., the PHY ID) needs to be stored at the first device 110 which is an AIoT device, therefore complexity can be reduced.
[0064] Under some circumstances, the AIoT service communication link may also include the fourth device 140, and the AIoT service communication link may also be referred to as “AIoT service life cycle” , “AIoT service cycle” , “AIoT communication life cycle” , “AIoT communication cycle” , “AIoT life cycle” , “service life cycle” , or “communication life cycle” , “AIoT cycle” , or simply “service cycle” , or “communication cycle” , or any other suitable term which has the same or similar meaning as the term “ (AIoT) communication link” is used here.
[0065] FIG. 1B illustrates another example network environment 100B in which some embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented. The network environment 100B, which is a part of a communication network, includes tags 150-1 and 150-2 (which can be referred to as “tag 150” collectively) , an activator 160, and readers 170-1 or 170-2 (which can be referred to as “readers 170” collectively) . The tag 150 is an examples of the first device 110, and may be, for example, an AIoT device, as described above with reference to FIG. 1A. Activator 160 is an example of the second device 120, and readers 170-1 and 170-2 are examples of the third device 130.
[0066] As shown in FIG. 1B, one activator (i.e., the activator 160) may serve different AIoT devices (i.e., tags 150-1 and 150-2) , and two readers (i.e., readers 170-1 and 170-2) are introduced to serve two tags 150-1 and 150-2, respectively. It is assumed a scenario in which the tags 150-1 and 150-2 are deployed at different places, for example, in order to collect temperature data at the different places. Based on such an AIoT service, a network device (for example, like the fourth device 140 as illustrated in FIG. 1A, which is not shown in FIG. 1B) , may determine that the activator 160, tag 150-1 and reader 170-1 belong to a first communication link, and that the activator 160, tag 150-2 and reader 170-2 belong to a second communication link. In this case, by introducing a PHY ID#1 which is associated with the activator 160, the tag 150-1 and reader 170-1 in the first communication link and a PHY ID#2 which is associated with the activator 160, the tag 150-2 and reader 170-2 in the second communication link, an activation signal associated with PHY ID#1 to trigger tag 150-1 transmission can be identified and received by tag 150-1, and cannot be identified or received by tag 150-2. In this way, activation signal associated with PHY ID#1 to trigger transmissions of tag 150-1 will not mis-trigger transmissions of tag 150-2. Further, the reflection signal from tag 150-1 to reader 170-1 can also be associated with the PHY ID#1. In doing so, upon arrival of the reflection signal, the reader 170-1 can know that it is the right recipient of the reflection signal and successfully receive the reflection signal.
[0067] Similarly, an activation signal associated with the PHY ID#2 to trigger tag 150-2 transmission can be identified and received by tag 150-2, and cannot be identified or received by tag 150-1. In this way, activation signal associated with PHY ID#2 to trigger tag 150-2 transmission will not mis-trigger tag 150-1 transmissions. In other words, mis-triggering of AIoT transmissions can be avoided by introducing the PHY ID#2 for the second communication link.
[0068] In this way, there is no need for the tag 150-1 and / or 150-2 to store the tag ID and reader ID any more for the tag communication cycle (i.e., the AIoT transmissions involving the tag 150) , which brings much relief to the storage overhead for the tag 150. In addition, more than one activator / readers may serve one AIoT device, which situation is shown in FIG. 1C.
[0069] FIG. 1C illustrates further another example of a network environment 100C in which some example embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented. The network environment 100C, which is a part of a communication network, may be a communication link which includes the activator 160, the tag 150 and readers 170-1 and 170-2. It is assumed a scenario in which the tag 150 is deployed to collect temperature data and report the collected data to the network (for example, the fourth device 140 as illustrated in FIG. 1A) via the two readers 170-1 and 170-2. The two readers 170-1 and 170-2 are used to serve one AIoT device 150 in order to improve the receiving performance (via spatial diversity or via data combining) or locate the AIoT device 150. To support this, a PHY ID#3 which is associated with the activator 160, the tag 150 and readers 170-1 and 170-2 in a same communication link can be introduced to ensure that the two readers 170-1 and 170-2 receive the same reflection signal. Hence, reader specific ID should not be used in this case. In this way, tag 150 and readers 170-1 and 170-2 can identify AIoT transmissions and avoid mis-triggering the tag transmission and mis-triggering the reader reception.
[0070] As described above, in the example as illustrated in FIG. 1C, the two readers 170-1 and 170-2 receive the same reflection signal from AIoT device 150 (though in FIG. 2 only two readers 170-1 and 170-2 are shown, those skilled in the art know that the number of the readers 170 is not limited thereto) . In other words, the multiple readers 170 can be regarded as a group, and broadcast / groupcast type of AIoT transmissions can be supported in the scenario as shown in FIG. 1C.
[0071] FIG. 2 illustrates a signaling chart illustrating an example communication process 200 in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the communication process 200 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1A-1C. The communication process 200 may involve a first device (for example, an IoT device like the first device 110 as illustrated in FIG. 1A) , a second device (for example, an activator like the second device 120 as illustrated in FIG. 1A) , a third device (for example, a reader like the third device 130 as illustrated in FIG. 1A) and a fourth device (for example, a base station like the fourth device 140 as illustrated in FIG. 1A) . Herein the first device 110, the second device 120, the third device 130 and the fourth device 140 are differentiated with each other by functions they implement; in physical form the second device 120 and the third device 130 may be implemented in a same device. Further, the second device 120, the third device 130 and the fourth device 140 may be implemented in a same device, for example, an activator and a reader may be implemented in a network device like a gNB. In the following, the communication process 200 will be described with reference to the first terminal device 110, second device 120, third device 130 and fourth device 140 as illustrated in FIG. 1A.
[0072] As illustrated in FIG. 2, at 210, the fourth device 140 determines an identifier (ID) which is associated with a plurality of devices in a communication link. Here, the plurality of devices in a communication link at least includes the first device 110, the second device 120 and third device 130. In some circumstances, the ID may be a physical (PHY) layer ID. PHY ID#1, PHY ID#2 in FIG. 1B and PHY ID#3 in FIG. 1C are some examples of the determined ID. In some circumstances, in order to determine the ID, the fourth device 140 may receive, from a core network device, assistance information for determining the ID. The assistance information may include a list of ID (s) stored at a first device. The list of ID (s) may include plural IDs, or may include a single ID. An ID in the list of ID (s) is associated with a plurality of devices including the first device in a communication link. Alternatively or in addition, the assistance information may include association information indicating that at least one first device, at least one second device, and at least one third device are in a communication link. Based on the assistance information, the fourth device 140 can then determine the ID.
[0073] After the ID is determined, the fourth device 140 transmits (215) configuration information 201 of the ID to the second device 120. For example, the fourth device 140 may transmit (215) the configuration information 201 to the second device 120 via a higher layer signaling. The higher layer signaling may be a radio resource control (RRC) signaling. On the other side of the communication, the second device 120 receives (217) , from the fourth device 140, the configuration information 201 of the ID, for example, via a higher layer signaling like RRC signaling.
[0074] The fourth device 140 also transmits (220) the configuration information 202 of the ID to the third device 130, for example, via a higher layer signaling like RRC signaling. On the other side of the communication, the third device 130 receives (222) , from the fourth device 140, the configuration information 202 of the ID, for example, via a higher layer signaling like RRC signaling.
[0075] Additionally, the fourth device 140 may also transmit the configuration information of the ID to the first device 110, for example, via the second device 120. Alternatively or in addition, the first device 110 may store a list of ID (s) including the ID associated with the plurality of devices including the first device in the communication link, and the fourth device 140 may transmit, to the first device 110, an index of the ID in the list of ID (s) , for example, via the second device 120. The list of ID (s) stored at the first device 110 may include a plural IDs, or include a single ID.
[0076] At 225, based on the received ID, the second device 120 generates a first transmission for the first device 110. In order to generate the first transmission, the second device 120 may scramble the first transmission using the ID. Alternatively, the second device 120 may generate a preamble of the first transmission based on the ID. The preamble may be a sequence generated based on the ID. The preamble is used for communication synchronization, device / transmission identification, tag (AIoT device) activation, etc. In some examples, the preamble may be replaced by a midamble, postamble transmitted from the second device 120 to the first device 110. The preamble may be located at the front of the message / command transmission from the second device 120 to the first device 110. The midamble may be located at the middle of the message / command transmission from the second device 120 to the first device 110. The postamble may be located at the end of the message / command transmission from the second device 120 to the first device 110.
[0077] After the first transmission is generated, the second device 120 then transmits (230) the first transmission 203 to the first device 110. As a specific example, the first transmission 203 may be an activation signal ( / signaling) to activate the first device 110. On the other side of the communication, the first device 110 receives (232) , from the second device 120, the first transmission 203 which is based on the ID. For example, the first device 110 may receive the first transmission 203 in a receive mode, for example, by using a receive circuitry.
[0078] At 235, the first device 110 determines that the ID related to the first transmission 203 is associated with the first device 110, for example, by performing an ID detection. During the ID detection by the first device 110, the first device 110 may determine the ID based on a preamble of the first transmission 203 (here, the preamble is generated based on the ID) . Then, the first device 110 may determine whether the ID matches a second ID stored at the first device 110, here the second ID is associated with a plurality of devices including the first device 110 in a communication link. If the ID matches the second ID, then it is determined that the ID related to the first transmission 203 is associated with the first device 110, otherwise it is determined that the ID is not associated with the first device 110.
[0079] Alternatively, during the ID detection, the first device 110 may receive the first transmission 203 based on a third ID stored at the first device 110. The third ID may be associated with a plurality of devices including the first device 110 in a communication link. Then, the first device 110 may determine, based on the receiving, whether the ID matches the third ID. If the third ID matches the ID, then it is determined that that the ID related to the first transmission 203 is associated with the first device 110, otherwise it is determined that the ID is not associated with the first device 110.
[0080] If it is determined that the ID is not associated with the first device 110, the third device 130 may prevent from reading a message contained in the first transmission 203. Alternatively or in addition, the third device 130 may prevent from performing a second transmission 204.
[0081] If it is determined that the ID is associated with the first device 110, the first device 110 performs (240) a second transmission 204 to the third device 130. Specifically, the first device 110 may (switch to a transmit mode and then) performs (240) the second transmission 204 in transmit mode, for example, by (switching to and) using a transmit circuitry. For example, the “transmit mode” may also include a “backscattering mode” . In this case, in performing the second transmission 204, the first device 110 may backscatter the received first transmission 203 from the second device 120 as the second transmission 204 to the third device 130. Specifically, the first device 110 may receive a signaling (for example, a continuous waveform) from the second device 120, and (simultaneously) modulate its data onto that signaling, then perform the second transmission to transmit that modulated data to the third device 130. In some example embodiments, the second transmission 204 may be based on the ID. For example, if the first device 110 determines that the ID is associated with the first device 110 (for example, the first device 110 is the right recipient of the first transmission 203) , the first device 110 may include the ID into the second transmission 204. In order to include the ID into the second transmission 204, the first device 110 may reflect the preamble of the first transmission 203. Alternatively, the first device 110 may scramble a modulated signal of the second transmission 204 using the ID.
[0082] On the other side of the communication, the third device 130 receives (242) the second transmission 204 from the first device 110. Then, at 245, based on ID detection, the third device 130 determines whether the second transmission 204 is based on the ID.
[0083] During the ID detection by the third device 130, the third device 130 may determine a second ID based on a preamble in the second transmission 204. Here, the preamble is generated based on the second ID. Then, the third device 130 may determine whether the second ID matches the ID indicated by the configuration information 202 from the fourth device 140. If the second ID matches the ID, then it is determined that the second transmission 204 is based on the ID (245, Y) , otherwise it is determined that the second transmission 204 is not based on the ID (245, N) .
[0084] Alternatively, during the ID detection, the third device 130 may receive the second transmission 204 based on a third ID stored at the third device 130. The third ID may be associated with a plurality of devices including the third device in a communication link. Then, the third device 130 may determine, based on the receiving, whether the third ID matches the ID indicated by the configuration information 202 from the fourth device 140. If the third ID matches the ID, then it is determined that the second transmission 204 is based on the ID (245, Y) , otherwise it is determined that the second transmission 204 is not based on the ID (245, N) . If it is determined that the second transmission 204 is based on the ID (245, Y) , the third device 130 may perform (250) a third transmission 205 of the data of the first device 110 to the fourth device 140.
[0085] On the other side of the communication, the fourth device 140 may receive (252) , from the third device 130, the third transmission 205 of data of the first device 110. The third transmission 205 of the data may be based on the ID. Specifically, in one example, the ID may be included in the third transmission 205. Alternatively, in another example, the fourth device 140 may pre-configure resources for transmissions associated with the ID from the third device 130 to the fourth device 140. In this case, the third device 130 can transmit the third transmission 205 on the pre-configured resource, without the ID being included in the third transmission 205. The fourth device 140 can receive the third transmission 205 on the pre-configured resource. Based on that the third transmission 205 is received on the resource pre-configured for transmissions associated with the ID from the third device 130 to the fourth device 140, the fourth device 140 can know that the third transmission 205 is based on the ID. If it is determined that the second transmission 204 is not based on the ID (245, N) , the third device 130 may prevent from performing the third transmission 205.
[0086] In this way, by introducing the physical layer ID, only one ID (i.e., the PHY layer ID) needs to be stored at the tag (AIoT device) , thereby AIoT tag complexity can be reduced. At the same time, mis-triggering of AIoT transmissions can be avoided, and broadcast / groupcast type of AIoT transmissions can be supported.
[0087] Hereinbefore, some examples of the present disclosure are generally described with reference to a high level signaling chart FIG. 2. In the following, some further examples of the present disclosure are described with reference to FIGS. 3-7.
[0088] FIG. 3 illustrates a signaling chart illustrating another example communication process 300 in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The communication process 300 may involve an AIoT device 310, an activator 320, a reader 330 and a gNB 340. The AIoT device 310 may be an example of the first device 110 as illustrated in FIG. 1A, the activator 320 may be an example of the second device 120 as illustrated in FIG. 1A, the reader 330 may be an example of the third device 130 as illustrated in FIG. 1A, and the gNB 340 may be an example of the fourth device 140 as illustrated in FIG. 1A. In the following, the communication process 300 will be described with reference to the AIoT device 310, activator 320, reader 330 and gNB 340.
[0089] In the example as illustrated in FIG. 3, at 350, the gNB 340 determines a new PHY ID. For example, gNB 340 may acquire ( / receive) AIoT assistance information from the core network. The assistance information may contain information on which AIoT activators, AIoT devices, and AIoT readers belong to an AIoT communication link, or support a specific AIoT service. The assistance information may also contain a list of ID (s) , which comes from AIoT application to indicate IDs stored in the memory of AIoT device 310. As mentioned above, the AIoT device 310 may be a tag. Based on the assistance information, the gNB 340 determines ( / assigns) the PHY ID for this AIoT service communication, or for the AIoT communication link.
[0090] Then, at 352, 354 and 356, the gNB 340 transmits configuration information on the PHY ID to AIoT activator 320, AIoT device 310, and AIoT reader 330, respectively. In case that the AIoT device 310 stores a list of PHY IDs at local, instead of transmitting an PHY ID to the AIoT device 310, the gNB 340 may select a PHY ID from the list that already exists in the memory of the AIoT device 310, in this case step 354 can be omitted (since the gNB 340 does not need to indicate the PHY ID to the AIoT device 310) , or the gNB 340 may only indicate an index of the selected PHY ID in the list to the AIoT device 310.
[0091] At 358, activator 320 generates an activation signal ( / signaling) based on the PHY ID received from the gNB 340 at 352. The generated activation signal may be scrambled with the PHY ID. Alternatively, the activation signal may contain a preamble which is generated based on the PHY ID. More specifically, the preamble may be a sequence generated based on the PHY ID. As a specific example, the preamble may be a simple sequence of the PHY ID, or any other encrypted form of the PHY ID (for example, a sequence which is a result of a hash function using the PHY ID as an input parameter) . As another specific example, the preamble may be a signal modulated with the PHY ID using On-Off Key (OOK) modulation. At 360, activator 320 transmits the generated activation signal to the AIoT device 310.
[0092] On the other side of the communication, the AIoT device 310 receives the activation signal from the activator 320. Then, at 362, AIoT device 310 detects the PHY ID in the activation signal, then, based on the detection, determines whether to perform follow-up AIoT transmissions. In one example, AIoT device 310 may receive the preamble in the activation signal transmitted from the activator 320, then to detect whether the PHY ID is matched. If the PHY ID contained in the preamble does not match the PHY ID indicated by the gNB 340 at 354 or any PHY ID in the list stored at local, in other words, if the AIoT device 310 fails in the ID detection, the AIoT device 310 may determine not to perform follow-up AIoT transmissions from AIoT device 310 to reader 330, so the communication process 300 ends here. If the PHY ID contained in the preamble matches the PHY ID indicated by the gNB 340 at 354 or a PHY ID in the list stored at local, in other words, if the AIoT device 310 succeeds in the ID detection, the AIoT device 310 may determine to perform follow-up AIoT transmissions, so the communication process 300 proceeds to 364.
[0093] In another example, AIoT device 310 may only monitor the preamble (or preamble sequence) associated with the allocated PHY ID. This means, if the preamble is not associated with the allocated PHY ID (for example, the PHY ID indicated from the gNB 340 at 354) , the AIoT device 310 will not read a message contained in the activation signal. Further, in this case, the AIoT device 310 will not perform follow-up AIoT transmissions to the reader 330, and the communication process 300 ends here. If the preamble is associated with the allocated PHY ID, then the AIoT device 310 will continue to read the message contained in the activation signal, and the AIoT device 310 determines to perform follow-up AIoT transmissions to the reader 330. The communication process 300 then proceeds to 364.
[0094] In still another example, after the AIoT device 310 is activated (here, by the activator 320 via the activation signal) , the AIoT device 310 may monitor a specific radio network temporary identifier (RNTI) generated from the PHY ID to check if there is data that should be received.
[0095] In still another example, after the AIoT device 310 is activated (here, by the activator 320 via the activation signal) , the AIoT device 310 may monitor the PHY ID to check if there is data in the activation signal that should be received.
[0096] At 364, the AIoT device 310 includes the PHY ID into AIoT transmissions to the reader 330, for example, by using similar way as activator. Specifically, in order to include the PHY ID into AIoT transmissions, the AIoT device 310 may reflect the preamble without modulation operation (for example On-Off Keying (OOK) / amplitude shift keying (ASK) ) . Alternatively, the AIoT device 310 may scramble the modulated signal with the PHY ID. Alternatively, the AIoT device 310 may scramble the AIoT transmission using the PHY ID. At 366, the AIoT device 310 transmits the AIoT transmissions to the reader 330. The AIoT transmissions may be scrambled with the PHY ID. For example, a specific PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel) transmission of AIoT data may be scrambled with the PHY ID which may be a new format of RNTI. Alternatively, a specific signaling (for example, a dedicated sequence) may be generated based on the PHY ID, then used in the AIoT transmissions, for example, as a preamble at the beginning of AIoT transmissions, or as a midamble at the middle of the AIoT transmissions, or as a postamble at the end of the AIoT transmissions.
[0097] On the other side of the communication, the reader 330 receives the AIoT transmissions from the AIoT device 310. Then, at 368, the reader 330 checks the PHY ID in the received AIoT transmissions, then, based on the checking, determines its actions, i.e., whether to forward the received AIoT transmissions to the network (i.e., gNB 340) . For example, if the PHY ID in the received AIoT transmissions does not match the PHY ID received from the gNB 340 at 356, the reader 330 may determine not to forward the received AIoT transmission to the gNB 340, in this case, the communication process 300 ends here. If the PHY ID in the received AIoT transmissions matches the PHY ID received from the gNB 340 at 356, the reader 330 may determine to forward the received AIoT transmission to the gNB 340, in this case, the communication process 300 proceeds to 370.
[0098] At 370, the reader 330 forwards the AIoT transmission received from the AIoT device 310 to the gNB 340. In one example, the reader 330 receives the AIoT transmissions from the AIoT device 310, does not decode, and directly transmits it to the gNB 340, for example, via physical uplink share channel (PUSCH) . This may be called as a “transparent (transmission) mode” . In another example, the reader 330 receives the AIoT transmissions from the AIoT device 310, decodes the information in the AIoT transmissions, and then transmits the decoded information to gNB 340 via PUSCH. This may be called as a “regenerative (transmission) mode” . The reader 330 may include the PHY ID in the forwarded AIoT transmissions, as shown in FIG. 3. This may help gNB 340 to know what information the forwarded AIoT transmissions are related to. For example, if transmissions from the reader 330 do not include the PHY ID, the gNB 340 may be aware that the transmission is not related to the forwarded data from the AIoT device 310, i.e., that the transmission is the own data of the reader 330. If transmissions from the reader 330 include the PHY ID, the gNB 340 may know that the transmission is related to the forwarded data from the AIoT device 310, i.e., that the transmission is not the own data of the reader 330.
[0099] Alternatively, the gNB 340 may pre-configure or pre-allocate uplink resources to the reader 330 for uplink transmissions related to the PHY ID (or a RNTI generated from the PHY ID) . More specifically, the reader 330 may be allocated with uplink transmissions dedicated for uplink transmissions related to the PHY ID. In this case, the reader 330 may forward data (in FIG. 3, AIoT transmissions) from the AIoT device 310 in the pre-configured (or pre-allocated) uplink resource without the ID included in the forwarded data. In this case, based on that the data from the reader 330 is received on the pre-configured (or pre-allocated) uplink resource for transmissions related to the PHY ID, gNB 340 can know that the transmission is related to the forwarded data from the AIoT device 310, i.e., that the transmission is not the own data of the reader 330.
[0100] As can be seen from the above, the PHY ID is associated with nodes (for example, activator 320, AIoT device 310 and reader 330) in an AIoT communication link, not associated with a single specific device. More specifically, associated nodes (including activator 320, AIoT device 310 and reader 330) share a same PHY ID. The PHY ID is used, for example, to identify AIoT activation signaling at 360, AIoT device transmissions at 366, and potentially AIoT reader report at 370. An AIoT node may hold more than one ID, each is associated with specific AIoT communication link or AIoT traffic.
[0101] In this way, by introducing the physical layer ID, only one ID (i.e., the PHY layer ID) needs to be stored at the tag (AIoT device) , thereby AIoT tag complexity can be reduced. At the same time, mis-triggering of AIoT transmissions can be avoided, and broadcast / groupcast type of AIoT transmissions can be supported.
[0102] FIG. 4 illustrates a flowchart of an example method 400 implemented at a first device (for example, the first device 110 as illustrated in FIG. 2) in accordance with some other embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 400 will be described from the perspective of the first device 110 with reference to FIG. 2.
[0103] As illustrated in FIG. 4, at block 410, the first device 110 receives a first transmission (for example, the first transmission 203 as illustrated in FIG. 2) from a second device (for example, the second device 120 as illustrated in FIG. 2) . The first transmission is based on an identifier (ID) , and the ID is associated with a plurality of devices in a communication link. At block 420, the first device 110 determines that the ID related to the first transmission is associated with the first device 110. At block 430, the first device 110 performs a second transmission (for example, the second transmission 204 as illustrated in FIG. 4) to a third device (for example, the third device 130 as illustrated in FIG. 2) .
[0104] In some example embodiments, the first device 110 is caused to receive the first transmission in a receive mode, and perform the second transmission in a transmit mode.
[0105] In some example embodiments, the first device 110 determines that the ID is associated with the first device 110 by performing an ID detection. In order to perform the ID detection, the first device 110 may determine the ID based on a preamble of the first transmission, where the preamble is generated based on the ID. Then, the first device 110 may determine whether the ID matches a second ID stored at the first device 110. Here, the second ID may be associated with a plurality of devices including the first device 110 in a communication link.
[0106] In some example embodiments, in order to perform the ID detection, the first device 110 may receive the first transmission based on a third ID stored at the first device, where the third ID may be associated with a plurality of devices including the first device 110 in a communication link, and then determine, based on the receiving, whether the ID matches the third ID.
[0107] In some example embodiments, the second transmission may be based on the ID.
[0108] In some example embodiments, the first device 110 may further receive, from one of a fourth device (for example, the fourth device 140 as illustrated in FIG. 2) or the second device, configuration information of the ID. Alternatively, the first device 110 may receive, from the fourth device, an index of the ID in a list of ID (s) stored at the first device 110, where an ID in the list of ID (s) is associated with a plurality of devices including the first device 110 in a communication link.
[0109] In some example embodiments, the first device 110 may further include the ID into the second transmission. In order to include the ID into the second transmission, in one example, the first device 110 may reflect the preamble of the first transmission. Alternatively, in another example, the first device 110 may scramble a modulated signal of the second transmission using the ID.
[0110] In some example embodiments, the first device 110 may include the ID into the second transmission based on determining that the ID is associated with the first device 110 (in other words, based on determining that the first device 110 is the right recipient of a transmission associated with the ID) .
[0111] In some example embodiments, based on determining that the ID is not associated with the first device, the first device 110 may prevent from reading a message contained in the first transmission and / or performing the second transmission.
[0112] In some example embodiments, the “transmit mode” may also include a “backscattering mode” . In this case, the first device 110 may perform the second transmission by backscattering the received first transmission. Specifically, the first device 110 may receive a signaling (for example, a continuous waveform) from the second device, and (simultaneously) modulate its data onto that signaling, then perform the second transmission to transmit that modulated data to the third device.
[0113] In some example embodiments, the ID may be a physical layer ID.
[0114] In some example embodiments, the plurality of devices may comprise at least one of the first device 110, the second device or the third device, especially when considering the second device and the third device may be implemented in a same device, as mentioned above.
[0115] In some example embodiments, the first device 110 may be an Internet of things (IoT) device, and / or the second device may be an activator associated with the IoT device, and / or the third device may be a reader associated with the IoT device, and / or the fourth device may be a base station.
[0116] In this way, only one ID (i.e., the ID) needs to be stored at the first device 110, thereby complexity at the first device 110 can be reduced. At the same time, mis-triggering of AIoT transmissions can be avoided, and broadcast / groupcast type of AIoT transmissions can be supported.
[0117] FIG. 5 illustrates a flowchart of an example method 500 implemented at a second device (for example, the second device 120 as illustrated in FIG. 2) in accordance with some other embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 500 will be described from the perspective of the second device 120 with reference to FIG. 2.
[0118] As illustrated in FIG. 5, at block 510, the second device 120 receives, from a fourth device (for example, the fourth device 140 as illustrated in FIG. 2) , configuration information of an identifier (ID) which is associated with a plurality of devices in a communication link, here, the second device 120 is among the plurality of devices. At block 520, based on the ID, the second device 120 generates a first transmission for a first device (for example, the first device 110 as illustrated in FIG. 2) among the plurality of devices. At block 530, the second device 120 transmit the first transmission (for example, the first transmission 203 as illustrated in FIG. 2) to the first device.
[0119] In some example embodiments, in order to generate the first transmission, in one example, the second device 120 may scramble the first transmission using the ID. Alternatively, in another example, the second device 120 may generate a preamble of the first transmission based on the ID, to generate the first transmission.
[0120] In some example embodiments, the ID may be a physical layer ID.
[0121] In some example embodiments, the second device 120 may receive the configuration information via a higher layer signaling. The higher layer signaling may be a RRC signaling.
[0122] In some example embodiments, the first device may be an Internet of things (IoT) device, and / or the second device may be an activator associated with the IoT device, and / or the fourth device may be a base station.
[0123] In this way, only one ID (i.e., the ID) needs to be stored at the first device 110, thereby complexity at the first device 110 can be reduced. At the same time, mis-triggering of AIoT transmissions can be avoided, and broadcast / groupcast type of AIoT transmissions can be supported.
[0124] FIG. 6 illustrates another flowchart of an example method 600 implemented at a third device (for example, the third device 230 as illustrated in FIG. 2) in accordance with some other embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 600 will be described from the perspective of the third device 130 with reference to FIG. 2.
[0125] As illustrated in FIG. 6, at block 610, the third device 130 receives, from a fourth device (for example, the fourth device 140 as illustrated in FIG. 2) , configuration information of an identifier (ID) which is associated with a plurality of devices in a communication link. Here, the third device 130 is among the plurality of devices. At block 620, the third device 130 receive a first transmission (for example, the second transmission 204 as illustrated in FIG. 2, or the AIoT transmissions at 366 as illustrated in FIG. 3) from a first device (for example, the first device 110 as illustrated in FIG. 2, or the AIoT device 310 as illustrated in FIG. 3) . At block 630, based on ID detection, the third device 130 determine whether the first transmission is based on the ID.
[0126] In some example embodiments, the ID is a first ID, and in order to perform the ID detection, the third device 130 may determine a second ID based on a preamble of the first transmission, where the preamble is generated based on the second ID, and then determine whether the second ID matches the ID.
[0127] In some example embodiments, the ID is a first ID, and in order to perform the ID detection, the third device 130 may receive the first transmission based on a third ID stored at the third device 130, where the third ID is associated with a plurality of devices including the third device 130 in a communication link, and then determine, based on the receiving, whether the third ID matches the first ID.
[0128] In some example embodiments, based on determining that the first transmission is based on the ID, the third device 130 may further perform a second transmission of the data to the fourth device (for example, the third device 130 may forward AIoT transmission to the gNB 340 as illustrated in FIG. 3 at 370) .
[0129] In some example embodiments, the ID may be included into the second transmission. Alternatively or in addition, the second transmission may be transmitted on resource allocated by the fourth device to the third device for the ID.
[0130] In some example embodiments, based on determining that the first transmission is not based on the ID, the third device 130 may prevent from performing the second transmission.
[0131] In some example embodiments, the third device 130 may receive the configuration information via a higher layer signaling. The higher layer signaling may be, for example, a RRC signaling.
[0132] In some example embodiments, the ID may be a physical layer ID.
[0133] In some example embodiments, the first device may be an Internet of things (IoT) device, and / or the third device 130 may be a reader associated with the IoT device, and / or the fourth device may be a base station.
[0134] In this way, only one ID (i.e., the ID) needs to be stored at the first device, thereby complexity at the first device can be reduced. At the same time, mis-triggering of AIoT transmissions can be avoided, and broadcast / groupcast type of AIoT transmissions can be supported.
[0135] FIG. 7 illustrates another flowchart of an example method 700 implemented at a fourth device (for example, the third device 240 as illustrated in FIG. 2) in accordance with some other embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 700 will be described from the perspective of the fourth device 140 with reference to FIG. 2.
[0136] As illustrated in FIG. 7, at block 710, the fourth device 140 determines an identifier (ID) which is associated with a plurality of devices in a communication link. At block 720, the fourth device 140 transmits configuration information of the ID to a second device (for example, the second device 120 as illustrated in FIG. 2) among the plurality of devices. At block 730, the fourth device 140 transmits the configuration information of the ID to a third device (for example, the third device 130 as illustrated in FIG. 2) among the plurality of devices.
[0137] In some example embodiments, the fourth device 140 may transmit the configuration information of the ID to a first device (for example, the first device 110 as illustrated in FIG. 2) among the plurality of devices. Alternatively, the fourth device 140 may transmit, to the first device, an index of the ID in a list of ID (s) stored at the first device. Here, an ID in the list of ID (s) may be associated with a plurality of devices including the first device in a communication link.
[0138] In some example embodiments, the fourth device 140 may further receive, from a core network device, assistance information for determining the ID. Here, the ID may be determined based on the received assistance information.
[0139] In some example embodiments, the assistance information may comprise a list of ID (s) stored at a first device, wherein an ID in the list of ID (s) is associated with a plurality of devices including the first device in a communication link. Alternatively or in addition, the assistance information may comprise association information indicating that at least one first device, at least one second device, and at least one third device are in a communication link.
[0140] In some example embodiments, the fourth device 140 may further receive, from the third device, transmission of data of a first device. Here, the transmission of the data may be based on the ID. Alternatively or in addition, the transmission of the data may be received on resource allocated by the fourth device 140 to the third device for the ID.
[0141] In some example embodiments, the ID may be a physical layer ID.
[0142] In some example embodiments, the first device may be an Internet of things (IoT) device, and / or the second device is an activator associated with the IoT device, and / or the third device is a reader associated with the IoT device, and / or the fourth device 140 may be a base station.
[0143] In this way, only one ID (i.e., the ID) needs to be stored at the first device, thereby complexity at the first device can be reduced. At the same time, mis-triggering of AIoT transmissions can be avoided, and broadcast / groupcast type of AIoT transmissions can be supported.
[0144] In some embodiments, an apparatus capable of performing the method 400 may comprise means for performing the respective steps of the method 400. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0145] In some example embodiments, the apparatus comprises: means for receiving, at a first device (for example, the first device 110 as illustrated in FIG. 2) , a first transmission from a second device (for example, the second device 120 as illustrated in FIG. 2) , wherein the first transmission (for example, the first transmission 203 as illustrated in FIG. 2) is based on an identifier (ID) , and the ID is associated with a plurality of devices in a communication link; means for determining that the ID related to the first transmission is associated with the first device; and means for performing, by the first device, a second transmission (for example, the second transmission 204 as illustrated in FIG. 2) to a third device (for example, the third device 130 as illustrated in FIG. 3) .
[0146] In some example embodiments, the means for receiving may comprise means for receiving the first transmission in a transmit mode, and the means for performing may comprise means for performing the second transmission in a transmit mode.
[0147] In some example embodiments, the means for determining may comprise means for performing an ID detection.
[0148] In some example embodiments, the means for performing the ID detection may comprise means for determining the ID based on a preamble of the first transmission, where the preamble is generated based on the ID; and means for determining whether the ID matches a second ID stored at the first device. Here, the second ID may be associated with a plurality of devices including the first device in a communication link.
[0149] In some example embodiments, the means for performing the ID detection may comprise means for receiving the first transmission based on a third ID stored at the first device, where the third ID may be associated with a plurality of devices including the first device 110 in a communication link; and means for determining, based on the receiving, whether the ID matches the third ID.
[0150] In some example embodiments, the second transmission may be based on the ID.
[0151] In some example embodiments, the apparatus may further comprise means for receiving, from one of a fourth device (for example, the fourth device 140 as illustrated in FIG. 2) or the second device, configuration information of the ID. Alternatively, the apparatus may further comprise means for receiving, from the fourth device, an index of the ID in a list of ID (s) stored at the first device 110, where an ID in the list of ID (s) is associated with a plurality of devices including the first device 110 in a communication link.
[0152] In some example embodiments, the apparatus may further comprise means for including the ID into the second transmission. The means for including may further comprise means for reflecting the preamble of the first transmission, as a part of second transmission. Alternatively, the means for including may further comprise means for scrambling a modulated signal of the second transmission using the ID. Alternatively, the means for including may further comprise means for scrambling the second transmission using the ID.
[0153] In some example embodiments, the means for including may further comprise means for determining that the ID is associated with the first device 110 (in other words, based on determining that the first device 110 is the right recipient of a transmission associated with the ID) .
[0154] In some example embodiments, based on determining that the ID is not associated with the first device, the apparatus may further comprise means for preventing from reading a message contained in the first transmission and / or performing the second transmission. In this case, the apparatus may further comprise means for preventing from reading a control information in the first transmission and / or means for preventing from reading a data information in the first transmission.
[0155] In some example embodiments, the means for performing may comprise means for backscattering the received first transmission.
[0156] In some example embodiments, the ID may be a physical layer ID.
[0157] In some example embodiments, the plurality of devices comprise at least one of the first device, the second device or the third device.
[0158] In some example embodiments, the first device may be an Internet of things (IoT) device, and / or the second device may be an activator associated with the IoT device, and / or the third device may be a reader associated with the IoT device, and / or the fourth device may be a base station.
[0159] In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises means for performing other steps in some embodiments of the method 400. In some embodiments, the means comprises at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the performance of the apparatus.
[0160] In some embodiments, an apparatus capable of performing the method 500 may comprise means for performing the respective steps of the method 500. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0161] In some example embodiments, the apparatus comprises: means for receiving, at a second device (for example, the second device 120 as illustrated in FIG. 2) and from a fourth device (for example, the fourth device 140 as illustrated in FIG. 2) , configuration information of an identifier (ID) which is associated with a plurality of devices in a communication link. Here, the second device is among the plurality of devices; means for generating, by the second device and based on the ID, a first transmission (for example, the first transmission 203 as illustrated in FIG. 2) for a first device (for example, the first device 110 as illustrated in FIG. 2) among the plurality of devices; and means for transmitting, at the second device and to the first device, the first transmission.
[0162] In some example embodiments, the means for generating may comprise means for scrambling the first transmission using the ID. Alternatively, the means for generating may comprise means for generating a preamble of the first transmission based on the ID, to generate the first transmission.
[0163] In some example embodiments, the ID may be a physical layer ID.
[0164] In some example embodiments, the second device may receive the configuration information via a higher layer signaling. The higher layer signaling may be a RRC signaling.
[0165] In some example embodiments, the first device may be an Internet of things (IoT) device, and / or the second device may be an activator associated with the IoT device, and / or the fourth device may be a base station.
[0166] In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises means for performing other steps in some embodiments of the method 500. In some embodiments, the means comprises at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the performance of the apparatus.
[0167] In some embodiments, an apparatus capable of performing the method 600 may comprise means for performing the respective steps of the method 600. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0168] In some example embodiments, the apparatus comprises: means for receiving, at a third device (for example, the third device 130 as illustrated in FIG. 2) and from a fourth device (for example, the fourth device 140 as illustrated in FIG. 2) , configuration information of an identifier (ID) which is associated with a plurality of devices in a communication link, where the third device is among the plurality of devices; means for receiving a first transmission (for example, the second transmission 204 as illustrated in FIG. 2, or the AIoT transmissions at 366 in FIG. 3) from a first device (for example, the first device 110 as illustrated in FIG. 2) ; and based on ID detection, means for determining, by the third device, whether the first transmission is based on the ID.
[0169] In some example embodiments, the ID is a first ID, and the means for performing may comprise means for determining a second ID based on a preamble of the first transmission, where the preamble is generated based on the second ID; and means for determining whether the second ID matches the ID.
[0170] In some example embodiments, the ID is a first ID, and the means for performing may comprise means for receiving the first transmission based on a second ID stored at the third device, where the second ID is associated with a plurality of devices including the third device in a communication link; and means for determining, based on the receiving, whether the second ID matches the first ID.
[0171] In some example embodiments, based on determining that the first transmission is based on the ID, the apparatus may further comprise means for performing a second transmission of the data to the fourth device (for example, the third device may forward AIoT transmission to the gNB as illustrated in FIG. 3 at 370) .
[0172] In some example embodiments, the ID may be included into the second transmission. Alternatively or in addition, the second transmission may be transmitted on resource allocated by the fourth device to the third device for the ID.
[0173] In some example embodiments, based on determining that the first transmission is not based on the ID, the apparatus may further comprise means for preventing from performing the second transmission.
[0174] In some example embodiments, the third device may receive the configuration information via a higher layer signaling. The higher layer signaling may be, for example, a RRC signaling.
[0175] In some example embodiments, the ID may be a physical layer ID.
[0176] In some example embodiments, the first device may be an Internet of things (IoT) device, and / or the third device 130 may be a reader associated with the IoT device, and / or the fourth device may be a base station.
[0177] In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises means for performing other steps in some embodiments of the method 600. In some embodiments, the means comprises at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the performance of the network device.
[0178] In some embodiments, an apparatus capable of performing the method 700 may comprise means for performing the respective steps of the method 700. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0179] In some example embodiments, the apparatus comprises: means for determining, by a fourth device (for example, the fourth device 140 as illustrated in FIG. 2) , an identifier (ID) which is associated with a plurality of devices in a communication link; means for transmitting, at the fourth device and to a second device (for example, the second device 120 as illustrated in FIG. 2) among the plurality of devices, configuration information of the ID; and means for transmitting, at the fourth device and to a third device (for example, the third device 130 as illustrated in FIG. 2) among the plurality of devices, the configuration information of the ID.
[0180] In some example embodiments, the apparatus may further comprise means for transmitting the configuration information of the ID to a first device (for example, the first device 110 as illustrated in FIG. 2) among the plurality of devices. Alternatively, the apparatus may further comprise means for transmitting, to the first device, an index of the ID in a list of ID (s) stored at the first device. Here, an ID in the list of ID (s) may be associated with a plurality of devices including the first device in a communication link.
[0181] In some example embodiments, the apparatus may further comprise means for receiving, from a core network device, assistance information for determining the ID. Here, the ID may be determined based on the received assistance information.
[0182] In some example embodiments, the assistance information may comprise a list of ID(s) stored at a first device, wherein an ID in the list of ID (s) is associated with a plurality of devices including the first device in a communication link. Alternatively or in addition, the assistance information may comprise association information indicating that at least one first device, at least one second device, and at least one third device are in a communication link.
[0183] In some example embodiments, the apparatus may further comprise means for receiving, from the third device, transmission of data of a first device. Here, the transmission of the data may be based on the ID. Alternatively or in addition, the transmission of the data may be received on resource allocated by the fourth device 140 to the third device for the ID.
[0184] In some example embodiments, the ID may be a physical layer ID.
[0185] In some example embodiments, the first device may be an Internet of things (IoT) device, and / or the second device is an activator associated with the IoT device, and / or the third device is a reader associated with the IoT device, and / or the fourth device 140 may be a base station.
[0186] In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises means for performing other steps in some embodiments of the method 700. In some embodiments, the means comprises at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the performance of the network device.
[0187] FIG. 8 illustrates a simplified block diagram of a device 800 that is suitable for implementing some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The device 800 may be provided to implement a communication device, for example, the first device 110, the second device 120, third device 130, and possibly the fourth device 140 as shown in FIG. 2. As shown, the device 800 includes one or more processors 810, one or more memories 820 coupled to the processor 810, and one or more communication modules 840 coupled to the processor 810.
[0188] The communication module 840 is for bidirectional communications. The communication module 840 has at least one antenna to facilitate communication. The communication interface may represent any interface that is necessary for communication with other network elements.
[0189] The processor 810 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network and may include one or more of the following: general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and processors based on multicore processor architecture, as non-limiting examples. The device 1000 may have multiple processors, such as an application specific integrated circuit chip that is slaved in time to a clock which synchronizes the main processor.
[0190] The memory 820 may include one or more non-volatile memories and one or more volatile memories. Examples of the non-volatile memories include, but are not limited to, a Read Only Memory (ROM) 824, an electrically programmable read only memory (EPROM) , a flash memory, a hard disk, a compact disc (CD) , a digital video disk (DVD) , and other magnetic storage and / or optical storage. Examples of the volatile memories include, but are not limited to, a random access memory (RAM) 822 and other volatile memories that will not last in the power-down duration.
[0191] A computer program 830 includes computer executable instructions that are executed by the associated processor 810. The program 830 may be stored in the ROM 824. The processor 810 may perform any suitable actions and processing by loading the program 830 into the RAM 822.
[0192] The embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented by means of the program 830 so that the device 800 may perform any process of the disclosure as discussed with reference to FIGS. 2-7. The embodiments of the present disclosure may also be implemented by hardware or by a combination of software and hardware.
[0193] In some example embodiments, the program 830 may be tangibly contained in a computer-readable medium which may be included in the device 800 (such as in the memory 820) or other storage devices that are accessible by the device 800. The device 800 may load the program 830 from the computer-readable medium to the RAM 822 for execution. The computer-readable medium may include any types of tangible non-volatile storage, such as ROM, EPROM, a flash memory, a hard disk, CD, DVD, and the like.
[0194] FIG. 9 illustrates a block diagram of an example of a computer-readable medium 900 in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The computer-readable medium 900 has the program 830 stored thereon. It is noted that although the computer-readable medium 900 is depicted in form of CD or DVD in FIG. 9, the computer-readable medium 900 may be in any other form suitable for carry or hold the program 830.
[0195] Generally, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in hardware or special purpose circuits, software, logic or any combination thereof. Some aspects may be implemented in hardware, while other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software which may be executed by a controller, microprocessor or other computing device. While various aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated and described as block diagrams, flowcharts, or using some other pictorial representations, it is to be understood that the block, apparatus, system, technique or method described herein may be implemented in, as non-limiting examples, hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.
[0196] The present disclosure also provides at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions, such as those included in program modules, being executed in a device on a target real or virtual processor, to carry out any of the method 200, 300, 400, 500, 600 or 700 as described above with reference to FIGS. 2-7. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, or the like that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The functionality of the program modules may be combined or split between program modules as desired in various embodiments. Machine-executable instructions for program modules may be executed within a local or distributed device. In a distributed device, program modules may be located in both local and remote storage media.
[0197] Program code for carrying out methods of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes may be provided to a processor or controller of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the program codes, when executed by the processor or controller, cause the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be implemented. The program code may execute entirely on a machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on the remote machine or server.
[0198] In the context of the present disclosure, the computer program codes or related data may be carried by any suitable carrier to enable the device, apparatus or processor to perform various processes and operations as described above. Examples of the carrier include a signal, computer-readable medium, and the like.
[0199] The computer-readable medium may be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium. A computer-readable medium may include but not limited to an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the computer-readable storage medium would include an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM) , a read-only memory (ROM) , an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory) , an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) , an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. The term “non-transitory, ” as used herein, is a limitation of the medium itself (i.e., tangible, not a signal) as opposed to a limitation on data storage persistency (e.g., RAM vs. ROM) .
[0200] Further, while operations are depicted in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Likewise, while several specific implementation details are contained in the above discussions, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the present disclosure, but rather as descriptions of features that may be specific to particular embodiments. Certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable sub-combination.
[0201] Although the present disclosure has been described in languages specific to structural features and / or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the present disclosure defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.
Claims
1.A first device comprising:at least one processor; andat least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first device to:receive a first transmission from a second device, wherein the first transmission is based on an identifier (ID) , and the ID is associated with a plurality of devices in a communication link;determine that the ID related to the first transmission is associated with the first device; andperform a second transmission to a third device.2.The first device of claim 1, wherein the first device is caused to receive the first transmission in a receive mode, and perform the second transmission in a transmit mode.3.The first device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the first device is caused to determine that the ID is associated with the first device by performing an ID detection.4.The first device of claim 3, wherein the ID is a first ID, and performing the ID detection comprises:determining the first ID based on a preamble of the first transmission, wherein the preamble is generated based on the first ID; anddetermining whether the first ID matches a second ID stored at the first device, wherein the second ID is associated with a plurality of devices including the first device in a communication link.5.The first device of claim 3, wherein the ID is a first ID, and performing the ID detection comprises:receiving the first transmission based on a second ID stored at the first device, wherein the second ID is associated with a plurality of devices including the first device in a communication link; anddetermining, based on the receiving, whether the first ID matches the second ID.6.The first device of any of claims 1-5, wherein the second transmission is based on the ID.7.The first device of any of claims 1-6, wherein the first device is further caused to:receive, from one of a fourth device or the second device, configuration information of the ID; orreceive, from the fourth device, an index of the ID in a list of ID (s) stored at the first device, wherein an ID in the list of ID (s) is associated with a plurality of devices including the first device in a communication link.8.The first device of any of claims 1-7, wherein the first device is further caused to:include the ID into the second transmission.9.The first device of claim 8, wherein the first device is caused to include the ID into the second transmission by at least one of the following:reflecting the preamble of the first transmission; orscrambling a modulated signal of the second transmission using the ID.10.The first device of claim 8 or 9, wherein the first device is caused to include the ID into the second transmission based on determining that the ID is associated with the first device.11.The first device of any of claims 1-10, wherein the first device is further caused to:based on determining that the ID is not associated with the first device, prevent from at least one of reading a message contained in the first transmission or performing the second transmission.12.The first device of any of claims 1-11, wherein the first device is caused to perform the second transmission by backscattering the received first transmission.13.The first device of any of claims 1-12, wherein the ID is a physical layer ID.14.The first device of any of claims 1-13, wherein the plurality of devices comprise at least one of the first device, the second device or the third device.15.The first device of any of claims 1-14, wherein at least one of the following:the first device is an Internet of things (IoT) device;the second device is an activator associated with the IoT device;the third device is a reader associated with the IoT device; orthe fourth device is a base station.16.A second device comprising:at least one processor; andat least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second device to:receive, from a fourth device, configuration information of an identifier (ID) which is associated with a plurality of devices in a communication link, wherein the second device is among the plurality of devices;generate, based on the ID, a first transmission for a first device among the plurality of devices; andtransmit the first transmission to the first device.17.The second device of claim 16, wherein the second device is caused to generate the first transmission by at least one of the following:scrambling the first transmission using the ID; orgenerating, based on the ID, a preamble of the first transmission.18.The second device of claim 16 or 17, wherein the ID is a physical layer ID.19.The second device of any of claims 16-18, wherein the second device is caused to receive the configuration information via a higher layer signaling.20.The second device of claim 19, wherein the higher layer signaling is a radio resource control (RRC) signaling.21.The second device of any of claims 16-20, wherein the plurality of devices comprise at least one of the first device or the second device.22.The second device of any of claims 16-21, wherein at least one of the following:the first device is an Internet of things (IoT) device;the second device is an activator associated with the IoT device; orthe fourth device is a base station.23.A third device comprising:at least one processor; andat least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the third device to:receive, from a fourth device, configuration information of an identifier (ID) which is associated with a plurality of devices in a communication link, wherein the third device is among the plurality of devices;receive a first transmission from a first device; andbased on ID detection, determine whether the first transmission is based on the ID.24.The third device of claim 23, wherein the ID is a first ID, and the third device is caused to perform the ID detection by:determining a second ID based on a preamble of the first transmission, wherein the preamble is generated based on the second ID; anddetermining whether the second ID matches the first ID.25.The third device of claim 23, wherein the ID is a first ID, and the third device is caused to perform the ID detection by:receiving the first transmission based on a second ID stored at the third device, wherein the second ID is associated with a plurality of devices including the third device in a communication link; anddetermining, based on the receiving, whether the second ID matches the first ID.26.The third device of any of claims 23-25, wherein the third device is further caused to:based on determining that the first transmission is based on the ID, perform a second transmission of the data to the fourth device.27.The third device of claim 26, wherein at least one of the following:the ID is included into the second transmission; orthe second transmission is transmitted on resource allocated by the fourth device to the third device for the ID.28.The third device of claim 26, wherein the third device is further caused to:based on determining that the first transmission is not based on the ID, prevent from performing the second transmission.29.The third device of claim 28, wherein the third device is caused to receive the configuration information via a higher layer signaling.30.The third device of claim 29, wherein the higher layer signaling is a radio resource control (RRC) signaling.31.The third device of any of claims 23-30, wherein the ID is a physical layer ID.32.The third device of any of claims 23-31, wherein the plurality of devices comprise at least one of the first device or the third device.33.The third device of any of claims 23-32, wherein at least one of the following:the first device is an Internet of things (IoT) device;the third device is a reader associated with the IoT device; orthe fourth device is a base station.34.A fourth device comprising:at least one processor; andat least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the fourth device to:determine an identifier (ID) which is associated with a plurality of devices in a communication link;transmit configuration information of the ID to a second device among the plurality of devices; andtransmit the configuration information of the ID to a third device among the plurality of devices.35.The fourth device of claim 34, wherein the fourth device is further caused to:transmit the configuration information of the ID to a first device among the plurality of devices; ortransmit, to the first device, an index of the ID in a list of ID (s) stored at the first device, wherein an ID in the list of ID (s) is associated with a plurality of devices including the first device in a communication link.36.The fourth device of claim 34 or 35, wherein the fourth device is further caused to:receive, from a core network device, assistance information for determining the ID, wherein the ID is determined based on the received assistance information.37.The fourth device of claim 36, wherein the assistance information comprises at least one of the following:a list of ID (s) stored at a first device, wherein an ID in the list of ID (s) is associated with a plurality of devices including the first device in a communication link; orassociation information indicating that at least one first device, at least one second device, and at least one third device are in a communication link.38.The fourth device of any of claims 34-37, wherein the fourth device is further caused to:receive, from the third device, transmission of data of a first device, wherein the transmission of the data is at least one of (i) based on the ID, or (ii) received on resource allocated by the fourth device to the third device for the ID.39.The fourth device of any of claims 34-38, wherein the ID is a physical layer ID.40.The fourth device of any of claims 35-39, wherein the plurality of devices comprise at least one of the first device, the second device or the third device.41.The fourth device of any of claims 34-40, wherein at least one of the following:the first device is an Internet of things (IoT) device;the second device is an activator associated with the IoT device;the third device is a reader associated with the IoT device; orthe fourth device is a base station.42.A method comprising:receiving, at a first device, a first transmission from a second device, wherein the first transmission is based on an identifier (ID) , and the ID is associated with a plurality of devices;determining, by the first device, that the ID related to the first transmission is associated with the first device; andperforming, by the first device, a second transmission to a third device.43.A method comprising:receiving, at a second device and from a fourth device, configuration information of an identifier (ID) which is associated with a plurality of devices in a communication link, wherein the second device is among the plurality of devices;generating, by the second device and based on the ID, a first transmission for a first device among the plurality of devices; andtransmitting, at the second device and to the first device, the first transmission.44.A method comprising:receiving, at a third device and from a fourth device, configuration information of an identifier (ID) which is associated with a plurality of devices in a communication link, wherein the third device is among the plurality of devices;receiving a first transmission from a first device; andbased on ID detection, determining, by the third device, whether the first transmission is based on the ID.45.A method comprising:determining, by a fourth device, an identifier (ID) which is associated with a plurality of devices in a communication link;transmitting, at the fourth device and to a second device among the plurality of devices, configuration information of the ID; andtransmitting, at the fourth device and to a third device among the plurality of devices, the configuration information of the ID.46.An apparatus comprising:means for receiving a first transmission from a second device, wherein the first transmission is based on an identifier (ID) , and the ID is associated with a plurality of devices;means for determining that the ID related to the first transmission is associated with the first device; andmeans for performing a second transmission to a third device.47.An apparatus comprising:means for receiving, from a fourth device, configuration information of an identifier (ID) which is associated with a plurality of devices in a communication link, wherein the second device is among the plurality of devices;means for generating, based on the ID, a first transmission for a first device among the plurality of devices; andmeans for transmitting the first transmission to the first device.48.An apparatus comprising:means for receiving, from a fourth device, configuration information of an identifier (ID) which is associated with a plurality of devices in a communication link, wherein the third device is among the plurality of devices;means for receiving a first transmission from a first device; andbased on ID detection, means for determining whether the first transmission is based on the ID.49.An apparatus comprising:means for determining an identifier (ID) which is associated with a plurality of devices in a communication link;means for transmitting configuration information of the ID to a second device among the plurality of devices; andmeans for transmitting the configuration information of the ID to a third device among the plurality of devices.50.A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising program instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method of any of claim 42-45.
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