Method and apparatus for traffic steering in wireless communication system

Abstract

The disclosure relates to a 5th generation (5G) or 6th generation (6G) communication system for supporting a higher data transmission rate. A method performed by a user device in a wireless communication system is provided. The method may comprises: transmitting, to a network entity, capability information associated with a dual steering; receiving, from the network entity, information associated with a dual steer rule; detecting an application; and associating data for the application with a first subscription permanent identifier (SUPI) or a second SUPI, based on the dual steer rule.

Description

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR TRAFFIC STEERING IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

[0001] The present disclosure relates to wireless communication systems, and more particularly, the disclosure relates to a method and an apparatus for traffic steering in a wireless communication system.

[0002] 5th generation (5G) mobile communication technologies define broad frequency bands such that high transmission rates and new services are possible, and can be implemented not only in "Sub 6GHz" bands such as 3.5GHz, but also in "Above 6GHz" bands referred to as mmWave including 28GHz and 39GHz. In addition, it has been considered to implement 6th generation (6G) mobile communication technologies (referred to as Beyond 5G systems) in terahertz bands (for example, 95GHz to 3THz bands) in order to accomplish transmission rates fifty times faster than 5G mobile communication technologies and ultra-low latencies one-tenth of 5G mobile communication technologies.

[0003] At the beginning of the development of 5G mobile communication technologies, in order to support services and to satisfy performance requirements in connection with enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra eliable low latency communications (URLLC), and massive machine-type communications (mMTC), there has been ongoing standardization regarding beamforming and massive multiple-input multiple output (MIMO) for mitigating radio-wave path loss and increasing radio-wave transmission distances in mmWave, supporting numerologies (for example, operating multiple subcarrier spacings) for efficiently utilizing mmWave resources and dynamic operation of slot formats, initial access technologies for supporting multi-beam transmission and broadbands, definition and operation of bandwidth part (BWP), new channel coding methods such as a low density parity check (LDPC) code for large amount of data transmission and a polar code for highly reliable transmission of control information, layer 2 (L2) pre-processing, and network slicing for providing a dedicated network specialized to a specific service.

[0004] Currently, there are ongoing discussions regarding improvement and performance enhancement of initial 5G mobile communication technologies in view of services to be supported by 5G mobile communication technologies, and there has been physical layer standardization regarding technologies such as vehicle-to-everything (V2X) for aiding driving determination by autonomous vehicles based on information regarding positions and states of vehicles transmitted by the vehicles and for enhancing user convenience, new radio unlicensed (NR-U) aimed at system operations conforming to various regulation-related requirements in unlicensed bands, new radio user equipment (NR UE) power saving, non-terrestrial network (NTN) which is UE-satellite direct communication for providing coverage in an area in which communication with terrestrial networks is unavailable, and positioning.

[0005] Moreover, there has been ongoing standardization in air interface architecture / protocol regarding technologies such as industrial internet of things (IIoT) for supporting new services through interworking and convergence with other industries, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) for providing a node for network service area expansion by supporting a wireless backhaul link and an access link in an integrated manner, mobility enhancement including conditional handover and dual active protocol stack (DAPS) handover, and two-step random access for simplifying random access procedures (2-step RACH for NR). There also has been ongoing standardization in system architecture / service regarding a 5G baseline architecture (for example, service based architecture or service based interface) for combining network functions virtualization (NFV) and software-defined networking (SDN) technologies, and mobile edge computing (MEC) for receiving services based on UE positions.

[0006] As 5G mobile communication systems are commercialized, connected devices, which have been exponentially increasing, will be connected to communication networks, and it is accordingly expected that enhanced functions and performances of 5G mobile communication systems and integrated operations of connected devices will be necessary. To this end, new research is scheduled in connection with extended reality (XR) for efficiently supporting augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), mixed reality (MR) and the like, 5G performance improvement and complexity reduction by utilizing artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), AI service support, metaverse service support, and drone communication.

[0007] Furthermore, such development of 5G mobile communication systems will serve as a basis for developing not only new waveforms for providing coverage in terahertz bands of 6G mobile communication technologies, multi-antenna transmission technologies such as full dimensional MIMO (FD-MIMO), array antennas and large-scale antennas, metamaterial-based lenses and antennas for improving coverage of terahertz band signals, high-dimensional space multiplexing technology using orbital angular momentum (OAM), and reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), but also full-duplex technology for increasing frequency efficiency of 6G mobile communication technologies and improving system networks, AI-based communication technology for implementing system optimization by utilizing satellites and AI from the design stage and internalizing end-to-end AI support functions, and next-generation distributed computing technology for implementing services at levels of complexity exceeding the limit of UE operation capability by utilizing ultra-high-performance communication and computing resources.

[0008] The above information is presented as background information only to assist with an understanding of the present disclosure. No determination has been made, and no assertion is made, as to whether any of the above might be applicable as prior art with regard to the disclosure.

[0009] The disclosure provides a method and an apparatus for traffic steering in a wireless communication system.

[0010] These and other features, aspects, and advantages of the present embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, throughout which like reference letters indicate corresponding parts in the various figures. The embodiments herein will be better understood from the following description with reference to the drawings, in which:

[0011] Fig. 1 is a sequence diagram that illustrates a scenario where the current UE is unaware of the MASSS rules;

[0012] Fig. 2 is a block diagram that illustrates the hardware components associated with the UE according to the embodiments as disclosed herein;

[0013] Fig. 3 is a block diagram that illustrates the hardware components associated with the network apparatus according to the embodiments as disclosed herein;

[0014] Fig. 4 is a sequence diagram that illustrates the transmission of the dual registration policy by the network apparatus according to the embodiments as disclosed herein;

[0015] Fig. 5 is a sequence diagram that illustrates an example scenario of the PDU session establishment with two 3GPP accesses based on the dual registration policy according to the embodiments as disclosed herein;

[0016] Fig. 6 is a sequence diagram that illustrates an example scenario of the selection of the 3GPP Access for the data usage by the UE based on the dual registration policy according to the embodiments as disclosed herein;

[0017] Fig. 7 is a sequence diagram that illustrates an example scenario of the UE steering the data based on the dual registration policy during congestion or packet loss according to the embodiments as disclosed herein;

[0018] Fig. 8 is a flow diagram that illustrates the method for managing the dual registration in wireless communication according to the embodiments as disclosed herein;

[0019] Fig. 9 is a flow diagram that illustrates the method of selection of the SUPI based on the dual registration policy by the UE according to the embodiments as disclosed herein;

[0020] Fig. 10 is a diagram illustrating a UE 1000 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0021] Fig. 11 is a diagram illustrating a base station 1100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; and

[0022] Fig. 12 schematically illustrates a core network entity according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0023] Throughout the present disclosure, the expression "at least one of a, b or c" indicates only a, only b, only c, both a and b, both a and c, both b and c, all of a, b, and c, or variations thereof. Throughout the specification, a layer (or a layer apparatus) may also be referred to as an entity. Hereinafter, operation principles of the disclosure will be described in detail with reference to accompanying drawings. In the following descriptions, well-known functions or configurations are not described in detail because they would obscure the disclosure with unnecessary details. The terms used in the specification are defined in consideration of functions used in the disclosure, and can be changed according to the intent or commonly used methods of users or operators. Accordingly, definitions of the terms are understood based on the entire descriptions of the present specification.

[0024] For the same reasons, in the drawings, some elements may be exaggerated, omitted, or roughly illustrated. Also, a size of each element does not exactly correspond to an actual size of each element. In each drawing, elements that are the same or are in correspondence are rendered the same reference numeral.

[0025] Advantages and features of the present disclosure and methods of accomplishing the same may be understood more readily by reference to the following detailed descriptions of embodiments and accompanying drawings of the disclosure. The disclosure may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments of the disclosure are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the disclosure to one of ordinary skill in the art. Therefore, the scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims. Throughout the specification, like reference numerals refer to like elements. It will be understood that blocks in flowcharts or combinations of the flowcharts may be performed by computer program instructions. Because these computer program instructions may be loaded into a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or another programmable data processing apparatus, the instructions, which are performed by a processor of a computer or another programmable data processing apparatus, create units for performing functions described in the flowchart block(s).

[0026] The computer program instructions may be stored in a computer-usable or computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or another programmable data processing apparatus to implement a function in a particular manner, and thus the instructions stored in the computer-usable or computer-readable memory may also be capable of producing manufactured items containing instruction units for performing the functions described in the flowchart block(s). The computer program instructions may also be loaded into a computer or another programmable data processing apparatus, and thus, instructions for operating the computer or the other programmable data processing apparatus by generating a computer-executed process when a series of operations are performed in the computer or the other programmable data processing apparatus may provide operations for performing the functions described in the flowchart block(s).

[0027] In addition, each block may represent a portion of a module, segment, or code that includes one or more executable instructions for executing specified logical function(s). It is also noted that, in some alternative implementations, functions mentioned in blocks may occur out of order. For example, two consecutive blocks may also be executed simultaneously or in reverse order depending on functions corresponding thereto.

[0028] As used herein, the term "unit" denotes a software element or a hardware element such as a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), and performs a certain function. However, the term "unit" is not limited to software or hardware. The "unit" may be formed so as to be in an addressable storage medium, or may be formed so as to operate one or more processors. Thus, for example, the term "unit" may include elements (e.g., software elements, object-oriented software elements, class elements, and task elements), processes, functions, attributes, procedures, subroutines, segments of program code, drivers, firmware, micro-codes, circuits, data, a database, data structures, tables, arrays, or variables.

[0029] Functions provided by the elements and "units" may be combined into the smaller number of elements and "units," or may be divided into additional elements and "units." Furthermore, the elements and "units" may be embodied to reproduce one or more central processing units (CPUs) in a device or security multimedia card. Also, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the "unit" may include at least one processor. In the following descriptions of the disclosure, well-known functions or configurations are not described in detail because they would obscure the disclosure with unnecessary details.

[0030] Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, the present disclosure uses terms and names defined in the 3rd generation partnership project long term evolution (3GPP LTE) standards. However, the disclosure is not limited to the terms and names, and may also be applied to systems following other standards.

[0031] In the present disclosure, an evolved node B (eNB) may be interchangeably used with a next-generation node B (gNB) for convenience of explanation. That is, a base station (BS) described by an eNB may represent a gNB. In the following descriptions, the term "base station" refers to an entity for allocating resources to a user equipment (UE) and may be used interchangeably with at least one of a gNode B, an eNode B, a node B, a base station (BS), a radio access unit, a base station controller (BSC), or a node over a network. The term "terminal" may be used interchangeably with a UE, a mobile station (MS), a cellular phone, a smartphone, a computer, or a multimedia system capable of performing communication functions. However, the disclosure is not limited to the aforementioned examples. In particular, the disclosure is applicable to 3GPP new radio (NR) (or 5th generation (5G)) mobile communication standards. In the following description, the term eNB may be interchangeably used with the term gNB for convenience of explanation. That is, a base station explained as an eNB may also indicate a gNB. The term UE may also indicate a mobile phone, NB-IoT devices, sensors, and other wireless communication devices.

[0032] The mobile communication technologies have led to the proliferation of devices capable of connecting to multiple 3GPP access networks. The dual steer capable devices can potentially enhance user experience by steering or switching user data across different services and networks. However, the existing mechanisms for managing such traffic steering and switching are involved with challenges that can impact the efficiency and reliability of network operations.

[0033] One of the primary issues is the lack of a standardized mechanism for determining how, when, and on what basis data steering or switching should be performed. This becomes particularly complex when considering dual steer devices that need to differentiate between two connections within the same device. The absence of clear guidelines or protocols results in inconsistent performance and can lead to suboptimal utilization of network resources.

[0034] Moreover, the ability to steer or switch traffic across two 3GPP access networks, whether they belong to the same Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN), different PLMNs, or between a PLMN and a PLMN-integrated Non-Public Network (NPN), poses additional challenges. These scenarios are further complicated when different Radio Access Technologies (RATs) are involved, such as terrestrial and satellite access, including cases with different satellite orbits. The integration and coordination of these diverse access technologies require sophisticated mechanisms to ensure seamless connectivity and service continuity.

[0035] In scenarios involving traffic steering and switching between Long Term Evolution (LTE) / Evolved Packet Core (EPC) and New Radio (NR) / 5G core (5GC) with anchoring in 5GC, the complexity increases manifold. The current prior arts do not provide a comprehensive solution for managing such transitions effectively. This lack of a defined mechanism impacts the performance of both the User Equipment (UE) and the Network Functions, such as the Home Public Land Mobile Network (HPLMN), User Plane Function (UPF), Session Management Function (SMF), and Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF).

[0036] Furthermore, the traffic policies, which are intended to be under the full control of the home network operator, are often not adequately supported by existing systems. This limitation hinders the operator's ability to optimize network performance and manage resources efficiently. The need for enhanced traffic steering and switching mechanisms that minimize impacts on Core Network (CN) Operations and Maintenance (O&M) or Information Technology (IT) systems is evident.

[0037] Thus, it is desired to address the above-mentioned disadvantages, issues or other shortcomings or at least provide a useful alternative.

[0038] The principal object of the embodiments herein is to provide a system and method to manage dual registration in wireless communication.

[0039] Another object of the embodiments herein is to provide a dual registration policy by adding Multi Access Switching Steering and Splitting (MASSS) rules and an access selection descriptor based on the dual steer capability information for managing dual registration.

[0040] Yet another object of the embodiments herein is to provide a method for determining a Subscription Permanent Identifier (SUPI) and a 3GPP access based on the dual registration policy or MASSS policy.

[0041] In an aspect, the objects are achieved by providing a method for dual registration in a wireless communication system. The method includes receiving, by the network apparatus, the dual steer capability information and the Multi Access Switching Steering and Splitting (MASSS) rules from the UE. The dual steer capability information of the UE includes the dual steer capabilities of the UE, MASSS capabilities of the UE for steering and switching modes, and the UE state indication IE. Further, the network apparatus generates the dual registration policy by adding a plurality of MASSS rules and an access selection descriptor based on the dual steer capability information and the UE subscription information. The access selection descriptor includes active-standby information, smallest delay information, threshold values information, and transport mode information. The network apparatus transmits the NAS (non-access stratum) message including the dual registration policy to the UE to associate the UE with the Subscription Permanent Identifier (SUPI) during a dual registration with the network apparatus.

[0042] In another aspect, the objects are achieved by providing a method for dual registration in wireless communication. The method includes transmitting, by the UE, the dual steer capability information of the UE to the network apparatus. The dual steer capability information of the UE includes a plurality of dual steer capabilities of the UE, the MASSS capabilities of the UE for steering and switching modes, and a UE state indication IE. Further, the UE receives the dual registration policy from the network apparatus based on the dual steer capability information. The dual registration policy comprises MASSS rules and the access selection descriptor. The access selection descriptor includes active-standby information, smallest delay information, threshold values information, and transport mode information. Further, the UE selects a 3GPP Access from a plurality of 3GPP Access for data usage based on the dual registration policy. Based on the received dual registration policy, including MASSS rules, the data services can be steered / switched to different SUPI and 3GPP access. After the selection of the SUPI and 3GPP Access, the UE steers or switches to the active access based on the selected SUPI.

[0043] In yet another aspect, the objects are achieved by providing the network apparatus for managing the dual registration in wireless communication. The network apparatus includes a memory, a processor, and the dual registration policy controller. The dual registration policy controller receives the dual steer capability information and the MASSS capabilities from the UE. Further, the dual registration policy controller generates the dual registration policy by adding the MASSS rules and the access selection descriptor based on the dual steer capability information. The access selection descriptor comprises active-standby information, smallest delay information, threshold values information, and transport mode information. Further, the dual registration policy controller transmits the NAS message comprising the dual registration policy to the UE to associate the UE with the SUPI during a dual registration with the network apparatus.

[0044] In yet another aspect, the objects are achieved by providing the UE for managing the dual registration in wireless communication. The UE includes a memory, a processor, and the dual registration policy controller. The dual registration policy controller transmits the dual steer capability information of the UE to the network apparatus. Further, the dual registration policy controller receives the dual registration policy from the network apparatus based on the dual steer capability information. The dual registration policy includes the MASSS rules and the access selection descriptor. The access selection descriptor includes the active-standby information, smallest delay information, threshold values information, and transport mode information. Further, the dual registration policy controller selects the 3GPP Access from the plurality of 3GPP Accesses for the data usage based on the dual registration policy. Furthermore, the dual registration policy controller steers or switches to the active access based on the selected SUPI.

[0045] The aspects of the embodiments will be better understood with the following description and accompanying drawings. The descriptions, indicating preferred embodiments and specific details, are for illustration and not limitation. Many changes and modifications can be made within the scope of the embodiments without departing from their spirit, and all such modifications are included.

[0046] The embodiments herein and the various features and advantageous details thereof are explained more fully with reference to the non-limiting embodiments that are illustrated in the accompanying drawings and details in the following description. Descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the embodiments herein. Also, the various embodiments described herein are not necessarily mutually exclusive, as some embodiments can be combined with one or more other embodiments to form new embodiments. The term "or" as used herein, refers to a non-exclusive or, unless otherwise indicated. The examples used herein are intended merely to facilitate an understanding of ways in which the embodiments herein can be practiced and to further enable those skilled in the art to practice the embodiments herein. Accordingly, the examples are not be construed as limiting the scope of the embodiments herein.

[0047] As is traditional in the field, embodiments are described and illustrated in terms of blocks that carry out a described function or functions.　These blocks, which referred to herein as managers, units, modules, hardware components or the like, are physically implemented by analog and / or digital circuits such as logic gates, integrated circuits, microprocessors, microcontrollers, memory circuits, passive electronic components, active electronic components, optical components, hardwired circuits and the like, and optionally be driven by firmware and software. The circuits, for example, be embodied in one or more semiconductor chips, or on substrate supports such as printed circuit boards and the like.　The circuits constituting a block be implemented by dedicated hardware, or by a processor (e.g., one or more programmed microprocessors and associated circuitry), or by a combination of dedicated hardware to perform some functions of the block and a processor to perform other functions of the block. Each block of the embodiments be physically separated into two or more interacting and discrete blocks without departing from the scope of the proposed method.　Likewise, the blocks of the embodiments be physically combined into more complex blocks without departing from the scope of the proposed method.

[0048] The accompanying drawings are used to help easily understand various technical features and it is understood that the embodiments presented herein are not limited by the accompanying drawings. As such, the proposed method is construed to extend to any alterations, equivalents and substitutes in addition to those which are particularly set out in the accompanying drawings. Although the terms first, second, etc. used herein to describe various elements, these elements are not be limited by these terms. These terms are generally used to distinguish one element from another.

[0049] The requirements outlined below can apply to various types of Dual Steer devices such as smartphones, Internet of Things (IoT) devices, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), and others. A subscriber with two subscriptions or SUPIs shares one subscription profile from the same operator. For simultaneous transmission over two networks, a Dual Steer device is assumed to include two separate UEs.

[0050] Subject to HPLMN policy and network control, the 5G system shall be able to support mechanisms to enable traffic steering and / or switching of a Dual Steer device's user data (for different services) across two 3GPP access networks belonging to the same PLMN (either HPLMN or VPLMN), assuming data anchoring in the HPLMN and non-simultaneous transmission over the two networks. Subject to HPLMN policy and network control, the 5G system may be able to support mechanisms to enable traffic steering and / or switching with simultaneous transmission of a Dual Steer device's user data (for different services) across two 3GPP access networks belonging to the same PLMN (either HPLMN or VPLMN), assuming data anchoring in the HPLMN. Subject to HPLMN policy and network control, the 5G system shall be able to support mechanisms to enable traffic steering and / or switching of a Dual Steer device's user data (for different services) across two 3GPP access networks belonging to two PLMNs, assuming a business / roaming agreement between PLMN operators (if different), data anchoring in the HPLMN, and non-simultaneous transmission over the two networks. Subject to HPLMN policy and network control, the 5G system may be able to support mechanisms to enable traffic steering and / or switching with simultaneous transmission of a Dual Steer device's user data (for different services) across two 3GPP access networks belonging to two PLMNs, assuming a business / roaming agreement between PLMN operators (if different) and HPLMN data anchoring.

[0051] It is to be noted that Inter-PLMN requirements can apply also to PLMN-NPN scenarios, assuming a PLMN-integrated NPN (NPN hosted by a PLMN or offered as a slice of a PLMN). For traffic steering and / or switching of user data across two 3GPP access networks, the 5G system shall be able to allow an HPLMN to provide policies and criteria for a Dual Steer device to connect to an additional PLMN / NPN or an additional RAT within the same PLMN. The above requirements assume configuration of traffic policies under HPLMN control or negotiated between the HPLMN and other network operators, considering, e.g., user subscription, application / traffic type, service preference, QoS requirements, location, time, UE capabilities, mobility, and connectivity conditions.

[0052] The present solution provides a method and a system for handling rules for data steering, switching, and splitting for dual registration. The method includes UE including the support for the Dual Steering in an UL NAS message and in response the network function delivering the MASSS rules and sharing the rules / policies to dual steer supporting UE for data steering, switching, and splitting across two 3GPP accesses. The UE uses these policies independently or in coordination with network functions such as SMF / PMF and steers, switches, or splits the data across 3GPP access networks. The network function based on subscription and device location can configure / deliver the rules to the UE.

[0053] The solution includes transmission of the dual steer capability information including the support for the Dual Steering by the UE in a UL NAS message and in response the network function delivering the dual registration policy including the MASSS rules and sharing the rules / policies to dual steer supporting UE for data steering, switching, and splitting across two 3GPP accesses. The UE uses these policies independently or in coordination with the network apparatus such as SMF / PMF and steers, switches, or splits the data across the SUPI and the 3GPP access networks. The network apparatus based on subscription and device location can configure / deliver the rules to the UE.

[0054] In an embodiment, the SUPI refers to a unique identifier used to represent a subscriber's permanent identity in the 5G network. This identifier plays a crucial role in ensuring that the subscriber's identity is consistently recognized across different network elements and services. The SUPI is essential for maintaining seamless connectivity and service continuity, especially in scenarios involving multiple subscriptions or when the subscriber is accessing services across different PLMNs.

[0055] Furthermore, the implementation of Dual Steer devices in the 5G ecosystem is expected to significantly enhance user experience by providing more robust and reliable connectivity options. By leveraging the ability to steer, switch, and split data traffic across multiple networks, users can benefit from improved network performance, reduced latency, and higher data throughput. This is particularly beneficial for applications requiring high reliability and low latency, such as autonomous vehicles, remote healthcare, and real-time industrial automation.

[0056] In addition, the flexibility offered by Dual Steer devices can also facilitate more efficient use of network resources. Network operators can dynamically allocate traffic based on current network conditions, user preferences, and service requirements, thereby optimizing network performance and reducing congestion. This dynamic traffic management capability is expected to become increasingly important as the demand for high-speed, reliable connectivity continues to grow with the proliferation of IoT devices and the expansion of 5G networks.

[0057] In an embodiment, the dual registration policy and the MASSS rules are used interchangeably. Similarly the terms network apparatus and network functions are used interchangeably.

[0058] Referring now to the drawings and more particularly to Figs. 1 through 12, where similar reference characters denote corresponding features consistently throughout the figure, these are shown preferred embodiments.

[0059] Fig. 1 is a sequence diagram that illustrates a scenario where the current UE, which is unaware of the MASSS rules. At step S101, Dual Steer UE is registered on a PLMN, for example, PLMN1, using one of the 3GPPAs, for example, 3GPPA1. At step S102, the Dual Steer UE is registered on a PLMN, for example, PLMN2, using another 3GPPA, for example, 3GPPA2. Note, PLMN1 and PLMN2 can be of the same PLMN or different PLMN. Further, at steps S103A and S103B, the Dual Steer UE is unaware of which service or application data to be steered / switched to which 3GPP access. Dual Steer UE is unaware of when to steer / switch data of a particular service to one of the 3GPP accesses. Dual Steer UE is unaware of which 3GPP access needs to be considered as primary for what kind of service or application.

[0060] The user has initiated different services and applications on the Dual Steer UE, such as service1 and service2 (app1 and app2). However, the Dual Steer UE is unaware of which service or application data should be steered or switched to which 3GPP access. Additionally, the Dual Steer UE does not know when to steer or switch the data of a particular service to one of the 3GPP accesses. Furthermore, the Dual Steer UE is unaware of which 3GPP access needs to be considered as primary for each kind of service or application.

[0061] Fig. 2 is a block diagram that illustrates the hardware components associated with the UE, according to the embodiments as disclosed herein. With reference to Fig. 2, the UE (200) can encompass a diverse range of devices including but not limited to laptops, palmtops, desktops, mobile phones, smartphones, Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs), tablets, wearable devices, Internet of Things (IoT) devices, virtual reality devices, foldable devices, flexible devices, display devices, and immersive systems. In an embodiment, the UE (200) includes a memory (202), a processor (201), an I / O interface (203), and a dual registration policy controller (204).

[0062] The memory (202) stores instructions to be executed by the processor (201). The memory (202) can include non-volatile storage elements. Examples of such non-volatile storage elements may include magnetic hard disks, optical disks, floppy disks, flash memories, or forms of electrically programmable memories (EPROM) or electrically erasable and programmable (EEPROM) memories. In addition, the memory (202) may in some examples be considered a non-transitory storage medium. The term non-transitory may indicate that the storage medium is not embodied in a carrier wave or a propagated signal. However, the term non-transitory should not be interpreted that the memory (202) is non-movable. In some examples, the memory (202) stores larger amounts of information. In certain examples, a non-transitory storage medium may store data that can over time change (e.g., in Random Access Memory (RAM) or cache). The memory (202) stores the UE capability, the MASSS capabilities of the UE (200), dual steer capabilities of the UE (200), the information on the occurrence of the events and others.

[0063] The processor (201) may include one or a plurality of processors. The one or the plurality of processors may be a general-purpose processor such as a central processing unit (CPU), an application processor (AP), or the like, a graphics-only processing unit such as a graphics processing unit (GPU), a visual processing unit (VPU), and / or an AI-dedicated processor such as a neural processing unit (NPU). The processor (201) may include multiple cores and is configured to execute the instructions stored in the memory (202). The processor (201) fetches the UE capability, information regarding the dual steer capabilities of the UE (200), the MASSS capabilities of the UE (200) and the occurrence of UE events. Further, the processor (201) retrieves instructions and executes them.

[0064] The I / O interface (203) transmits the information between the memory (202) and external peripheral devices. The peripheral devices are the input-output devices associated with the network apparatus (300). The I / O interface (203) receives several pieces of information from a plurality of UEs, network devices, servers, and the like. The I / O interface (203) ensures that the operating speed of the processor is synchronized with respect to the input and output devices. The I / O interface (203) establishes a connection between different peripheral devices like dual registration policy controller (204), memory (202), and others to perform the dual registration for any scenario-specific action like network steer or switch or fallback or any other functions to enhance the user experience.

[0065] The dual registration policy controller (204) transmits the dual steer capability information and the MASSS capabilities of the UE (200) to the network apparatus (300). Further, the dual registration policy controller (204) receives the dual registration policy from the network apparatus (300) based on the dual steer capability information. The dual registration policy includes MASSS rules and an access selection descriptor. The access selection descriptor includes active-standby information, smallest delay information, threshold values information, and transport mode information. The UE (200), based on the received dual registration policy from the network apparatus (300), selects the 3GPP Access from a plurality of 3GPP Access for data usage based on the dual registration policy.

[0066] In an embodiment, the dual steer capability information of the UE (200) includes dual steer capabilities of the UE (200), the MASSS capabilities of the UE (200) for a plurality of steering and switching modes, and the UE state indication IE. Further the UE (200) include the present MASSS rules and the MASSS rule version if any in the UE state indication IE. These capabilities enable the UE (200) to efficiently manage and switch between multiple access networks, ensuring optimal connectivity and performance. The dual steer capability information is crucial for the network apparatus (300) to formulate an appropriate dual registration policy that aligns with the UE's capabilities and the network's requirements.

[0067] In an embodiment, the MASSS rules include the MASSS rule ID identifying an individual MASSS rule, the MASSS rule operation identifying whether the MASSS rule is added to or deleted from the plurality of MASSS rules, a precedence value of the MASSS rule, and a traffic descriptor matching the SDF. These rules are essential for managing the flow of data and ensuring that the UE (200) adheres to the network's policies. The MASSS rules provide a structured approach to handle various scenarios, such as network congestion or changes in network conditions, by specifying how the UE (200) should react and manage its data sessions.

[0068] In an embodiment, the active-standby information includes steering the SDF on one Active access when the Active access is available and switching the SDF to Standby access when the Active access becomes unavailable, wherein the SDF is switched back to the Active access when it becomes available again. This mechanism ensures that the UE (200) maintains a stable and reliable connection by dynamically switching between active and standby access networks. The active-standby information is particularly useful in scenarios where network availability fluctuates, allowing the UE (200) to seamlessly transition between networks without disrupting the user experience.

[0069] In an embodiment, the small delay information includes steering the SDF to a 3GPP access that has the smallest Round-Trip Time (RTT) determined through measurements obtained by the UE (200) and the UPF. Further, the dual registration policy controller (204) determines whether one active access becomes unavailable and switches all SDF traffic to the other available active access when one active access becomes unavailable. The smallest delay information is utilized only for Non-Guaranteed Bit Rate (Non-GBR) SDFs. This ensures that latency-sensitive applications receive the best possible performance by prioritizing access networks with the lowest RTT.

[0070] In an embodiment, the active-standby information is utilized to steer the SDF only on the Active access when the Standby access is not defined. This simplifies the decision-making process for the UE (200) in scenarios where only one access network is available, ensuring that the SDF is always directed to the most appropriate network.

[0071] Further, in an embodiment, the threshold values information comprises applying one or more threshold values when the steering mode is Priority-based, wherein the one or more threshold values are one of RTT values or Packet Loss Rate values, and wherein the one or more threshold values are applicable to both 3GPP accesses and the one or more threshold values are applied by the UE (200) and the UPF. These threshold values provide a quantitative basis for the UE (200) to make informed decisions about network selection, ensuring that the chosen network meets the required performance criteria.

[0072] In an embodiment, the transport mode information comprises identifying a transport mode that should be applied by Multipath QUIC (MPQUIC) functionality for matching traffic. This information allows the UE (200) to optimize its transport layer protocols based on the specific requirements of the data traffic, enhancing overall network efficiency and user experience.

[0073] The dual registration policy controller (204) is an innovative hardware component integrated into the UE (200) via processing circuitry, which includes logic gates, integrated circuits, microprocessors, microcontrollers, memory circuits, and various electronic and optical components. These circuits may be on semiconductor chips or substrates like printed circuit boards.

[0074] Fig. 3 is a block diagram that illustrates the hardware components associated with the network apparatus, according to the embodiments as disclosed herein. With reference to Fig. 3, the network apparatus (300) can encompass a diverse range of devices including but not limited to Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), Session Management Function (SMF), User Plane Function (UPF), Unified Data Management (UDM), Authentication Server Function (AUSF) and others. In an embodiment, the network apparatus (300) includes a memory (302), a processor (301), an I / O interface (303), and a dual registration policy controller (304).

[0075] The memory (302) stores instructions to be executed by the processor (301). The memory (302) can include non-volatile storage elements. Examples of such non-volatile storage elements may include magnetic hard disks, optical disks, floppy disks, flash memories, or forms of electrically programmable memories (EPROM) or electrically erasable and programmable (EEPROM) memories. In addition, the memory (302) may in some examples be considered a non-transitory storage medium. The term non-transitory may indicate that the storage medium is not embodied in a carrier wave or a propagated signal. However, the term non-transitory should not be interpreted that the memory (302) is non-movable. In some examples, the memory (302) stores larger amounts of information. In certain examples, a non-transitory storage medium may store data that can over time change (e.g., in Random Access Memory (RAM) or cache). The memory (302) stores the UE capability, the MASSS capabilities of the UE (200), dual steer capabilities of the UE (200), the information on the occurrence of the events and others.

[0076] The processor (301) may include one or a plurality of processors. The one or the plurality of processors may be a general-purpose processor such as a central processing unit (CPU), an application processor (AP), or the like, a graphics-only processing unit such as a graphics processing unit (GPU), a visual processing unit (VPU), and / or an AI-dedicated processor such as a neural processing unit (NPU). The processor (301) may include multiple cores and is configured to execute the instructions stored in the memory (302). The processor (301) fetches the UE capability, information regarding the dual steer capabilities of the UE (200), the MASSS capabilities of the UE (200) and the occurrence of UE events. Further, the processor (301) retrieves instructions and executes them.

[0077] The I / O interface (303) transmits the information between the memory (202) and external peripheral devices. The peripheral devices are the input-output devices associated with the network apparatus (300). The I / O interface (303) receives several pieces of information from a plurality of UEs, network devices, servers, and the like. The I / O interface (303) ensures that the operating speed of the processor is synchronized with respect to the input and output devices. The I / O interface (303) establishes a connection between different peripheral devices like dual registration policy controller (304), memory (302), and others to perform the dual registration for any scenario-specific action like network steer or switch or fallback or any other functions to enhance the user experience.

[0078] The dual registration policy controller (304) receives the dual steer capability information of the UE (200) from the UE (200). Further, the dual registration policy controller (304) generates the dual registration policy by adding MASSS rules and an access selection descriptor based on the dual steer capability information. The access selection descriptor includes active-standby information, smallest delay information, threshold values information, and transport mode information. Further, the dual registration policy controller (304) transmits the NAS message comprising the dual registration policy to the UE (200) to associate the UE (200) with the SUPI during the dual registration with the network apparatus (300).

[0079] In an embodiment, the dual registration policy controller (304) detects the UE subscription information of the UE (200) and generates the dual registration policy by adding the plurality of MASSS rules and the access selection descriptor based on the UE subscription information.

[0080] Further, in an embodiment, the dual steer capability information of the UE (200) comprises dual steer capabilities of the UE (200), MASSS capabilities of the UE (200) for a plurality of steering and switching modes, and a UE state indication IE. Further, the UE (200) may include the present MASSS rules and the MASSS rule version if any in the UE state indication IE.

[0081] In an embodiment, the MASSS rules include the MASSS rule ID identifying an individual MASSS rule, a MASSS rule operation identifying whether the MASSS rule is added to or deleted from the MASSS rules, a precedence value of the MASSS rule, and a traffic descriptor matching an SDF.

[0082] Further, in an embodiment, the active-standby information includes steering of the SDF on one active access when the active access is available and switching the SDF to standby access when the active access becomes unavailable, wherein the SDF is switched back to the active access when it becomes available again.

[0083] In an embodiment, the small delay information includes steering the SDF to a 3GPP access that has the smallest Round-Trip Time (RTT) determined through measurements obtained by the UE (200) and the UPF. Further, the dual registration policy controller (204) determines whether one active access becomes unavailable and switches all SDF traffic to the other available active access when one active access becomes unavailable. Further, the smallest delay information is utilized only for Non-Guaranteed Bit Rate (Non-GBR) SDFs.

[0084] In an embodiment, the active-standby information is utilized to steer the SDF only on the active access when the standby access is not defined.

[0085] Further, in an embodiment, the threshold values information comprises applying one or more threshold values when the steering mode is priority-based, wherein the one or more threshold values are one of RTT values or Packet Loss Rate values, and wherein the one or more threshold values are applicable to both 3GPP accesses and the one or more threshold values are applied by the UE (200) and the UPF.

[0086] In an embodiment, the transport mode information comprises identifying a transport mode that should be applied by Multipath QUIC (MPQUIC) functionality for matching traffic.

[0087] The dual registration policy controllers ((204) and (304)) are innovative hardware components respectively integrated into the UE (200) and the network apparatus (300) via processing circuitry, which includes logic gates, integrated circuits, microprocessors, microcontrollers, memory circuits, and various electronic and optical components. These circuits may be on semiconductor chips or substrates like printed circuit boards.

[0088] While Figs. 2 and 3 illustrate the hardware components of the UE (200) and the network apparatus (300) respectively, alternative embodiments may include different or additional components. The labels or names of these elements are illustrative and do not limit the invention's scope. Components may also be combined to perform similar functions.

[0089] Fig. 4 is a sequence diagram that illustrates the transmission of dual registration policy by the network apparatus according to the embodiments as disclosed herein.

[0090] At step S401, the UE (200) sends the UL NAS MESSAGE that includes the dual steer capability information of the UE (200), for example, PDU Session Establishment Request indicating that the PDU session is of type Dual Steer PDU, Dual steer support of UE, and MASSS capabilities such as steering and switching capabilities supported by the UE. At step S402, the AMF (300a), based on the dual steer capability information of the UE (200), selects the appropriate SMF (300b). Further, at step S403, the AMF (300a) sends NSMF PDUSession_CreateSMContext Request including Dual Steer PDU request, Dual steer support of the UE (200), MASSS capabilities, and the UE's current registered access RAT types to SMF (300b) to create a session management context. This context holds information about the session.

[0091] At step S404, the SMF (300b) retrieves the SM-Subscription data of the user. The SMF (300b) interacts with a Unified Data Management (UDM) to retrieve subscription details or subscribe for updates. This ensures that the SMF (300b) has the latest subscriber information. At step S405, the SMF (300b) sends an SM Policy Association request towards the PCF (300c) for policy decisions related to this session. The SM Policy Association request includes dual steer support and capabilities of the UE, MASSS capabilities, and currently used Access RAT types. Based on subscription information, PCF derives the Policy and Charging Control (PCC) rules and shares them with SMF (300b).

[0092] The PCF shall accept input for PCC decision-making from the SMF, the AMF, the Online Charging System (OCS) if present, the Unified Data Repository (UDR), and if the AF is involved, from the AF as well. The PCF may use its own predefined information. These different nodes should provide as much information as possible to the PCF. Depending on the particular scenario, all the information may not be available or is already provided to the PCF. Some of the inputs provided by the AMF, SMF, and other nodes are SUPI, location of the subscriber, RAT type, access type, a Data Network Name (DNN), a Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) identifier, application identifier, and others. At step S406, based on the received PCC rules from the PCF (300c), the SMF (300b) derives the MASSS rules (i.e., rules for data traffic steering and switching) for the UE (200) and also N4 rules for the UPF (300d). The SMF (300b) also derives Measurement Assistance Information if the device supports MASSS Lower Layer LL functionality.

[0093] At step S407, the SMF (300b) selects the UPF (300d) based on the dual steer support and MASSS capabilities and current UE registered access RAT types, and N4 rules are sent to the selected UPF (300d). The SMF (300b) makes a request to the UPF (3001d) to establish or modify a session on the N4 interface, which is between the SMF (300b) and the UPF (300d). The UPF (300d) responds to the SMF's (300b) request indicating the success or failure of the session establishment or modification on the N4 interface. At step S408, the SMF (300b) transmits the Namf_Communication_N1N2MessageTransfer indicating acceptance of Dual Steer PDU session for dual steering to the AMF (300a). At step S409, the SMF (300b) sends a DL NAS MESSAGE, for example, PDU Session Establishment Accept, including Dual Steer PDU session accepted, MASSS rules container IE indicating the policies / rules the UE (200) is allowed to use, which type of traffic steering mode is supported, and how to steer or switch the data.

[0094] The above steps are shown only as illustration; this can be executed in any order. For example, step S405 may be executed before step S404 and likewise.

[0095] Fig. 5 is a sequence diagram that illustrates an example scenario of the PDU session establishment with two 3GPP accesses based on the dual registration policy according to the embodiments as disclosed herein.

[0096] At step S501, the UE (200), which is dual steer capable, is registered on a PLMN, for example, PLMN1, using one of the 3GPPAs, for example, 3GPPA1 (3001). The UE (200) indicates its dual steer capability / support indication and availability of MASSS rules and its version and contents at UE or not using an IE, for example, MASSS container IE in a UL NAS message, for example, PDU Session Establishment Request to the 3GPP Access1 (3001).

[0097] At step S502, the UE (200) is registered on a PLMN, for example, PLMN2, using another 3GPPA, for example, 3GPPA2 (3002). The UE (200) indicates its Dual Steer capability / support indication and availability of MASSS rules at UE or not using an IE, for example, MASSS container IE in a UL NAS Transport message, for example, PDU Session Establishment Request to the 3GPP Access2 (3002). Note: The PLMN1 and PLMN2 can be of the same PLMN or different PLMN. At step S503, the 3GPP Access1 (3001) transmits the PDU session accept message through the DL NAS message to the UE (200). Further, step S504 illustrates the PDU session establishment between the 3GPP Access2 (3002) and the UE (200). The Network function in HPLMN, for example, SMF / PCF, on receiving the UE capability support indicated as supported for Dual Steer operation and based on UE subscription, UE indication for the availability or non-availability of MASSS rules and its version and content details at UE, can transfer the MASSS rules to the UE (200) in DL NAS message such as, for example, PDU Session Establishment Accept message and by including a container for MASSS rules.

[0098] At step S505, based on the received MASSS rules, the data of services can be steered or switched to different 3GPP access. For example, app1 data to 3GPPA1 and app2 data to 3GPPA2. The UE (200), based on the dual registration policy, selects the 3GPP Access for the service. As shown in the figure, the UE (200) selects the 3GPP Access 1 for App1 Service1 as illustrated at step S506, and the UE (200) selects 3GPP Access 2 for App2 Service2 as illustrated at step S507.

[0099] In an embodiment, the PLMN1 and the PLMN 2 correspond to a first AMF and a second AMF, respectively.

[0100] In an embodiment, the PLMN 1 and the PLMN 2 correspond to an AMF.

[0101] In an embodiment, the PLMN1 and the PLMN 2 correspond to a first SUPI and a second SUPI, respecitvely.

[0102] Fig. 6 is a sequence diagram that illustrates an example scenario of the selection of the 3GPP Access for the data usage by the UE (200) based on the dual registration policy according to the embodiments as disclosed herein.

[0103] At step S601, the UE (200), while registering on a PLMN, for example, PLMN1, using one of the 3GPPAs, for example, 3GPP Access1 (3001), indicates its dual steer capability / support indication and availability of MASSS capabilities supported by the UE (200) for various steering and switching modes, the latest rules, and its version and contents at the UE (200) using an IE, for example, UE State indication IE in a UL NAS message, for example, Registration request.

[0104] At step S602, the UE (200), while registering on a PLMN, for example, PLMN2, using another 3GPPA, for example, 3GPP Access2 (3002), indicates its dual steer capability / support indication and availability of MASSS rules at UE or not using an IE, for example, UE State indication IE in a UL NAS Transport message, for example, Registration request to the 3GPPA2 (3002).

[0105] Note the PLMN1 and PLMN2 can be of the same PLMN or different PLMN. Further, the Registration Accept or the UE Configuration Update (MASSS rules container IE) received is at the UE (200) from either one of the 3GPP accesses or from both 3GPP accesses, for example, 3GPP Access1 (3001) and 3GPP Access2 (3002), as illustrated at steps S603 and S604.

[0106] The Network function in HPLMN, for example, AMF / SMF / PCF / UDM, on receiving the UE capability support indicated as supported for dual steer operation and based on the UE subscription, the UE indication for the availability or non-availability of MASSS rules and its version and content details at the UE (200) can transfer the MASSS rules to the UE (200) in a DL NAS message such as, for example, Registration Accept or UE Configuration Update message.

[0107] At step S605, based on the received MASSS rules, the data of services can be steered / switched to different SUPI and 3GPP access. For example, the app1 data to 3GPPA1 and app2 data to 3GPPA2. As shown in the figure, the UE (200) selects the 3GPP Access 1 for App1 Service1 as illustrated at step S606, and the UE (200) selects 3GPP Access 2 for App2 Service2 as illustrated at step S607.

[0108] The MASSS rules comprise a MASSS rule ID that identifies the individual MASSS rule. Each rule includes a MASSS rule operation that specifies whether the MASSS rule is added to or deleted from the set of MASSS rules. A precedence value is assigned to each MASSS rule, indicating its precedence. Additionally, a traffic descriptor matches a service data flow (SDF). An access selection descriptor is also part of the MASSS rules.

[0109] An access selection descriptor including:

[0110] 1) A steering functionality set to:

[0111] -Multipath Transmission Control (MPTCP) functionality, the UE (200) steers the SDF (300) by using the MPTCP functionality;

[0112] - Multipath Quick UDP Internet Connections (MPQUIC) functionality, the UE (200) steers the SDF by using the MPQUIC functionality;

[0113] - MASSS -LL functionality, the UE steers the SDF by using the MASSS -LL functionality; or

[0114] - UE's supported steering functionality;

[0115] 2) A steering mode:

[0116] -active-standby, the UE (200) steers the SDF by using the active access if the active access is available. If the active access is not available and the standby access is available, the UE (200) steers the SDF by using the standby access;

[0117] - smallest delay, the UE (200) steers the SDF by using the access network with the smallest Round Trip Time (RTT). If there is only one access available, the UE (200) steers the SDF by using the available access. This steering mode is only applicable to non-GBR SDF;

[0118] - during priority based, the UE (200) steers the SDF over the access with high priority unless the access with high priority is congested or unavailable, when the UE (200) steers the SDF over both the access with high priority and the access with low priority. This steering mode is only applicable to non-GBR SDF; or

[0119] - redundant, the UE (200) duplicates the traffic of an SDF on both the 3GPP accesses according to the following rules when there is no threshold values provided in the access selection descriptor:

[0120] - load balancing, the UE (200) steers the SDF across both one of the 3GPP access or on both 3GPP Accesses with a given percentage if both accesses are available. If there is only one access available, the UE (200) steers the SDF by using the available access. This steering mode is only applicable to non-GBR SDF;

[0121] 3) Threshold values include one maximum RTT value or one maximum packet loss rate value or both. The threshold values are only used when the steering mode is indicated as load balancing, priority based; or redundant, where in the redundant steering mode, only either maximum RTT value or maximum packet loss rate value may be provided and not both; and

[0122] 4) A transport mode to identify the transport mode for the matching traffic when the steering functionality is MPQUIC functionality.

[0123] Below are the MASSS rule tables for the present disclosure:

[0124]

[0125]

[0126] Note 1: Each MASSS rule has a different precedence value from the other MASSS rules. At least one of the Traffic Descriptor components is present. An application identity consists of an OSId and an OSAppId. An MASSS rule cannot contain both IP descriptors and Non-IP descriptors. If the UE (200) supports only one Steering Functionality, this component is omitted. The Steering Mode Indicator and the Threshold Values shall not be provided together. The Transport Mode shall be included when the Steering Functionality is the MPQUIC functionality. In all other cases, the Transport Mode shall not be included. The Steering functionality "ATSSS-LL functionality" shall not be provided together with Steering Mode "Redundant". If the Steering Mode is "Redundant", either a Maximum RTT or a Maximum Packet Loss Rate may be provided, but not both.

[0127]

[0128]

[0129]

[0130]

[0131]

[0132]

[0133]

[0134]

[0135]

[0136]

[0137]

[0138]

[0139]

[0140]

[0141]

[0142]

[0143]

[0144]

[0145] In an embodiment, the PLMN1 and the PLMN 2 correspond to a first AMF and a second AMF, respectively.

[0146] In an embodiment, the PLMN 1 and the PLMN 2 correspond to an AMF.

[0147] In an embodiment, the PLMN1 and the PLMN 2 correspond to a first SUPI and a second SUPI, respecitvely.

[0148] Fig. 7 is a sequence diagram that illustrates an example scenario of the UE steering the data based on dual registration policy during congestion or packet loss according to the embodiments as disclosed herein.

[0149] At step S701, the UE (200), while registering on a PLMN, for example, PLMN1 using one of the 3GPPAs, for example, 3GPP Access1 (3001), indicates its dual steer capability / support indication and availability of MASSS rules and its version and contents at UE or not using an IE, for example, UE State indication IE in a UL NAS message, for example, Registration request to the 3GPP Access1 (3001). At step S702, the UE (200), while registering on a PLMN, for example, PLMN2 using another 3GPPA, for example, 3GPP Access2 (3002), indicates its dual steer capability / support indication and availability of MASSS rules at UE or not using an IE, for example, UE State indication IE in a UL NAS Transport message, for example, Registration request to 3GPP Access2 (3002). Note: PLMN1 and PLMN2 can be of the same PLMN or different PLMN.

[0150] At step S703, registration Accept / UE Configuration Update (MASSS rules container IE) is received at the UE from 3GPP Access1 (3001). The Network function in HPLMN, for example, AMF / PCF, on receiving the UE capability support indicated as supported for Dual Steer operation and based on UE subscription UE indication for the availability or non-availability of MASSS rules and its version and content details at UE, can transfer the MASSS rules to UE in DL NAS message such as, for example, Registration Accept or UE Configuration Update message. At step S704, based on received MASSS rules, data of services can be steered / switched to different 3GPP access. For example, app1 data to 3GPPA1 and app2 data to 3GPPA2 (3002). The UE (200) selects the 3GPP Access 1 for App1 Service1 as illustrated at step S705, and the UE (200) selects 3GPP Access 2 (3002) for App2 Service2 as illustrated at step S706.

[0151] At step S707, the UE has detected that for Application 2 (or) Service 2, there is a data stall or congestion or packet loss and is associated with MASSS rules allowing dual steer UE to switch / steer the user data of Service 2 from one 3GPPA to another 3GPPA. At step S708, the UE (200) steers / switches the user data of Service 2 to another 3GPPA as per the MASSS rules (i.e., from primary to secondary or active to standby or priority to non-priority access and vice versa). After the establishment of a PDU Session and when there are user-plane resources on either one of 3GPP access networks or on both 3GPP access networks, the UE applies network-provided policy (i.e., MASSS rules) and considers local conditions (such as network interface availability, signal loss conditions, user preferences, etc.) for deciding how to distribute (steer / switch) the uplink traffic across the two access networks belonging to the same or different services. Similarly, the UPF anchor in the HPLMN applies network-provided policy (i.e., N4 rules) and feedback information received from the UE (200) via the user-plane (such as access network unavailability or availability) for deciding how to distribute (steer / switch) the downlink traffic across the two N3 / N9 tunnels and the two 3GPP access networks. When there are user-plane resources on only one access network, the UE (200) applies the MASSS rules and considers local conditions for triggering the establishment or activation / re-activation of the user plane resources over another 3GPP access.

[0152] In an embodiment, the term MASSS rules and MASSS container IE is used for easier convenience and reference to represent the policy or rules that define how data of different services can be steered or switched across multiple 3GPP accesses. The name for the set of rules can be any of the existing IE or can be given a new name or IE. In the current disclosure, only the case of the UE (200) registered on HPLMN is explained in detail. In the case of roaming, similar mechanisms are applied. For example, the H-SMF derives the MASSS rules and shares them with the V-SMF, which in turn, the V-SMF uses for selecting the V-UPF and deriving N4 Rules. V-SMF also sends the MASSS rules in downlink NAS message, for example, in PDU session establishment accept to the UE (200).

[0153] Above mentioned policies or mechanisms can be applied to the cases of the PDU session that were home routed and local breakout scenarios as well. In an embodiment, the UE (200) or the Network apparatus (300), for example, AMF / SMF / PCF, can initiate a UL / DL NAS message such as, for example, PDU Session modification request or UE configuration update message in order to modify / update / delete / remove / add a new or an existing MASSS rule or create new MASSS rules. In an embodiment, the UE (200) or the Network apparatus (300), for example, AMF / SMF / PCF, can initiate a UL / DL NAS message such as, for example, PDU Session modification request or PDU session release request in order to indicate the change in support of the dual steer capabilities at UE or network side, such as for the cases of subscription expiry or UE no longer needs to use this or in a different time zone or location. In an embodiment, the Dual Steer PDU that is mentioned in this disclosure can be a PDU session that is established to support the capabilities of dual steering, i.e., the PDU session can support any one or all of the functionalities such as steering, switching, and splitting across two same or different 3GPP accesses / RATs.

[0154] In an embodiment, the Dual Steer PDU that is mentioned in this disclosure can be a MA (Multi Access) PDU session that is established to support the capabilities of dual steering along with ATSSS capabilities, i.e., the PDU session can be used for any one or all of the functionalities such as steering, switching, and splitting across two or more of the same or different 3GPP accesses / RATs.

[0155] Fig. 8 is a flow diagram that illustrates the method for managing the dual registration in wireless communication according to the embodiments as disclosed herein. The method provides the dual registration policy that includes the MASSS rules and the access selection descriptor to select a SUPI between available multiple SUPIs.

[0156] At step S801, the network apparatus (300) receives the dual steer capability information of the UE (200) and the MASSS capabilities from the UE (200). The dual steer capability information of the UE (200) includes the dual steer capabilities of the UE (200), the MASSS capabilities of the UE (200) for a plurality of steering and switching modes, and the UE state indication IE. Further the UE (200) includes the present MASSS rules and the MASSS rule version, if any in the UE state indication IE

[0157] At step S802, the network apparatus generates the dual registration policy by adding a plurality of MASSS rules and an access selection descriptor based on the dual steer capability information and the UE subscription information. The access selection descriptor includes active-standby information, smallest delay information, threshold values information, and transport mode information.

[0158] Further, at step S803, the network apparatus (300) transmits the NAS message including the dual registration policy to the UE (200) to associate the UE (200) with the SUPI during a dual registration with the network apparatus (300).

[0159] In an embodiment, the MASSS rules include the MASSS rule ID identifying the individual MASSS rule, a MASSS rule operation identifying whether the MASSS rule is added to or deleted from the plurality of MASSS rules, a precedence value of the MASSS rule, and a traffic descriptor matching the SDF. In an embodiment, the active-standby information includes steering of the SDF on one active access when the active access is available and switching of the SDF to standby access when the active access becomes unavailable, wherein the SDF is switched back to the active access when it becomes available again. Further, in an embodiment, the smallest delay information includes steering the SDF to a 3GPP access that has the smallest RTT determined through measurements obtained by the UE (200) and the UPF. Further, the method includes determining whether one active access becomes unavailable and switching all SDF traffic to the other available active access when one active access becomes unavailable. In an embodiment, the active-standby information is utilized to steer the SDF only on the active access when the standby access is not defined.

[0160] Further, the threshold values information comprises applying one or more threshold values when the steering mode is priority-based, wherein the one or more threshold values are one of RTT values or packet loss rate values, and wherein the one or more threshold values are applicable to both 3GPP accesses and the one or more threshold values are applied by the UE (200) and the UPF.

[0161] Fig. 9 is a flow diagram that illustrates the method of selection of the SUPI based on the dual registration policy by the UE (200) according to the embodiments as disclosed herein.

[0162] At step S901, the UE (200) transmits the dual steer capability information of the UE (200) to the network apparatus (300). The dual steer capability information of the UE (200) includes a plurality of dual steer capabilities of the UE, a plurality of MASSS capabilities of the UE for a plurality of steering and switching modes, and a UE state indication IE.

[0163] Further, at step S902, the UE (200) receives the dual registration policy from the network apparatus (300) based on the dual steer capability information, wherein the dual registration policy comprises a plurality of MASSS rules and an access selection descriptor, and wherein the access selection descriptor comprises at least one of active-standby information, smallest delay information, threshold values information, and transport mode information.

[0164] At step S903, the UE selects a 3GPP Access from a plurality of 3GPP Access for data usage based on the dual registration policy. Based on the received dual registration policy including MASSS rules, the data of services can be steered / switched to different 3GPP access. After the selection of the 3GPP Access, the UE (200) steers or switches to the active access based on the selected 3GPP Access.

[0165] In an embodiment, the MASSS rules comprise at least one of a MASSS rule ID identifying an individual MASSS rule, the MASSS rule operation identifying whether the MASSS rule is added to or deleted from the plurality of MASSS rules, the precedence value of the MASSS rule, and a traffic descriptor matching the SDF.

[0166] In an embodiment, the active-standby information includes steering of the SDF on one active access when the active access is available and switching of the SDF to standby access when the active access becomes unavailable, wherein the SDF is switched back to the active access when it becomes available again. Further, in an embodiment, the smallest delay information includes steering the SDF to a 3GPP access that has the smallest RTT determined through measurements obtained by the UE (200) and the UPF. Further, the method includes determining whether one active access becomes unavailable and switching all SDF traffic to the other available active access when one active access becomes unavailable. In an embodiment, the active-standby information is utilized to steer the SDF only on the active access when the standby access is not defined.

[0167] Further, the threshold values information comprises applying one or more threshold values when the steering mode is Priority-based, wherein the one or more threshold values are one of RTT values or Packet Loss Rate values, and wherein the one or more threshold values are applicable to both 3GPP accesses and the one or more threshold values are applied by the UE (200) and the UPF.

[0168] In an embodiment, the terms 3GPP Access1 and 3GPP A1 are used interchangeably and have the same meaning. Similarly, the terms 3GPP Access 2 an d3GPP A2 are used interchangeably.

[0169] The description of these embodiments is detailed enough that others can modify or adapt them for various applications without deviating from the core concept. Such adaptations and modifications are intended to be covered within the scope of the disclosed embodiments. The terminology used is for descriptive purposes only and not limiting. Therefore, while preferred embodiments have been described, those skilled in the art will recognize that modifications are possible within the scope of the described embodiments.

[0170] In accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure, a method for managing dual registration in wireless communication system is provided. The method may comprises: receiving, by a network apparatus (300), at least one of a dual steer capability information and a plurality of Multi Access Switching, Steering and Splitting (MASSS) capabilities from a User Equipment (UE) (200); generating, by the network apparatus (300), a dual registration policy by adding a plurality of MASSS rules and an access selection descriptor based on the dual steer capability information, wherein the access selection descriptor comprises at least one of active-standby information, smallest delay information, threshold values information, and transport mode information; and transmitting, by the network apparatus (300), a NAS message comprising the dual registration policy to the UE (200) to associate the UE (200) with at least one of a Subscription Permanent Identifier (SUPI) and a 3GPP access during a dual registration with the network apparatus (300).

[0171] In an embodiment, generating, by the network apparatus (300), the dual registration policy comprises: detecting, by the network apparatus (300), at least one of a UE state indication Information Element (IE) from the UE (200) and a UE subscription Information; generating, by the network apparatus (300), the dual registration policy by adding the plurality of Multi Access Switching, Steering and Splitting (MASSS) rules and the access selection descriptor; and generating, by the network apparatus (300), the dual registration policy based on the UE (200) subscription information.

[0172] In an embodiment, wherein the dual steer capability information of the UE (200) comprises at least one of a plurality of dual steer capabilities of the UE (200), a plurality of MASSS capabilities of the UE (200) for a plurality of steering and switching modes.

[0173] In an embodiment, wherein the plurality of MASSS rules comprises at least one of a MASSS rule ID identifying an individual MASSS rule, a MASSS rule operation identifying whether the MASSS rule is added to or deleted from the plurality of MASSS rules, a precedence value of the MASSS rule and a traffic descriptor matching a service data flow (SDF).

[0174] In an embodiment, wherein the active-standby information comprises at least one of: steering of the SDF on one Active access when the Active access is available, and switching of the SDF to Standby access when the Active access becomes unavailable, wherein the SDF is switched back to the Active access when it becomes available again.

[0175] In an embodiment, wherein the smallest delay information comprises at least one of: steering the SDF to an 3GPP access that has a smallest Round-Trip Time (RTT), determined through measurements obtained by the UE (200) and a User Plane Function (UPF), and determining whether one Active access becomes unavailable and switching all SDF traffic to the other available active access when one active access becomes unavailable.

[0176] In an embodiment, wherein the active-standby information is utilized to steer the SDF only on the Active access when the Standby access is not defined.

[0177] In an embodiment, wherein the threshold values information comprises applying one or more threshold values when the steering mode is Priority-based, wherein the one or more threshold values are one of RTT values or Packet Loss Rate values, and wherein the one or more threshold values are applicable to both 3GPP accesses and the one or more threshold values are applied by the UE (200) and the UPF.

[0178] In an embodiment, wherein the smallest delay information is utilized only for Non-Guaranteed Bit Rate (Non-GBR) SDFs.

[0179] In an embodiment, wherein the transport mode information comprises identifying a transport mode that should be applied by Multipath QUIC (MPQUIC) functionality for a matching traffic.

[0180] In accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure, a method for managing dual registration in wireless communication system is provided. The method may comprises: transmitting, by a User Equipment (UE) (200), a dual steer capability information of the UE (200) to a network apparatus (300); receiving, by the UE (200), a dual registration policy from the network apparatus (300) based on the dual steer capability information, wherein the dual registration policy comprises a plurality of Multi Access Switching, Steering and Splitting (MASSS) rules and an access selection descriptor, and wherein the access selection descriptor comprises at least one of active-standby information, smallest delay information, threshold values information, and transport mode information; selecting, by the UE (200), at least one of a Subscription Permanent Identifier (SUPI) and a 3GPP Access from a plurality of SUPIs and 3GPP Access for data usage based on the dual registration policy; and switching or steering, by the UE (200) to an active access based on the selected SUPI and 3GPP Access.

[0181] In an embodiment, wherein the dual steer capability of the UE comprises at least one of a plurality of dual steer capabilities of the UE, a plurality of Multi Access Switching, Steering and Splitting (MASSS) capabilities of the UE (200) for a plurality of steering and switching modes, and a UE state indication Information Element (IE) with an existing MASSS rule and a MASSS rule version present in the UE.

[0182] In an embodiment, wherein the plurality of MASSS rules comprises at least one of a MASSS rule ID identifying an individual MASSS rule, a MASSS rule operation identifying whether the MASSS rule is added to or deleted from the plurality of MASSS rules, a precedence value of the MASSS rule and a traffic descriptor matching a service data flow (SDF).

[0183] In an embodiment, wherein the active-standby information comprises at least one of: steering the SDF on one Active access when the Active access is available, and switching the SDF to Standby access when the Active access becomes unavailable, wherein the SDF is switched back to the Active access when it becomes available again.

[0184] In an embodiment, wherein the smallest delay information comprises at least one of: steering the SDF to an 3GPP access that has a smallest Round-Trip Time (RTT), determined through measurements obtained by the UE (200) and a User Plane Function (UPF), and determining whether one active access becomes unavailable and switching all SDF traffic to the other available active access when one active access becomes unavailable.

[0185] In an embodiment, wherein the active-standby information is utilized to steer the SDF only on the Active access when the Standby access is not defined.

[0186] In an embodiment, wherein the threshold values information comprises applying one or more threshold values when the steering mode is Priority-based, wherein the one or more threshold values are one of RTT values or Packet Loss Rate values, and wherein the one or more threshold values are applicable to both 3GPP accesses and the one or more threshold values are applied by the UE (200) and UPF.

[0187] In an embodiment, wherein the smallest delay information is utilized only for Non-Guaranteed Bit Rate (Non-GBR) SDFs.

[0188] In an embodiment, wherein the transport mode information comprises identifying a transport mode that should be applied by Multipath QUIC (MPQUIC) functionality for a matching traffic.

[0189] In accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure, a network apparatus (300) for managing dual registration in wireless communication system is provided. The network apparatus may comprises: a memory (302); a processor (301); a dual registration policy controller (304), coupled with the memory (302) and the processor (301), wherein the dual registration policy controller (304): receives at least one of a dual steer capability information and a plurality of Multi Access Switching, Steering and Splitting (MASSS) capabilities from a User Equipment (UE)(200); generates a dual registration policy by adding a plurality of Multi Access Switching, Steering and Splitting (MASSS) rules and an access selection descriptor based on the dual steer capability information, wherein the access selection descriptor comprises at least one of active-standby information, smallest delay information, threshold values information, and transport mode information; and transmits a NAS message comprising the dual registration policy to the UE (200) to associate the UE (200) with at least one of a Subscription Permanent Identifier (SUPI) and a 3GPP Access during a dual registration with the network apparatus (300).

[0190] In accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure, a UE (200) for managing dual registration in wireless communication system is provided. The UE may comprise: a memory (202); a processor (201); a dual registration policy controller (204), coupled with the memory (202) and the processor (201), wherein the dual registration policy controller (204): transmits at least one of a dual steer capability information and the Multi Access Switching, Steering and Splitting (MASSS) of the UE (200) to a network apparatus (300); receives a dual registration policy from the network apparatus (300) based on the dual steer capability information, wherein the dual registration policy comprises a plurality of MASSS rules and an access selection descriptor, and wherein the access selection descriptor comprises at least one of active-standby information, smallest delay information, threshold values information, and transport mode information; selects at least one of a Subscription Permanent Identifier (SUPI) and a 3GPP Access from a plurality of SUPIs and 3GPP Access for data usage based on the dual registration policy; and switch or steer to an active access based on the selected SUPI and 3GPP Access.

[0191] Embodiments herein provide a method and system for managing dual registration in a wireless communication system. The method includes receiving, by the network apparatus (300), the dual steer capability information and the MASSS capabilities from the UE (200). The network apparatus (300) generates the dual registration policy by adding a plurality of MASSS rules and an access selection descriptor based on the dual steer capability information and the UE subscription information. The access selection descriptor includes active-standby information, smallest delay information, threshold values information, and transport mode information. The network apparatus (300) transmits the NAS message, including the dual registration policy, to the UE (200) to associate the UE with the SUPI and a 3GPP access during dual registration with the network apparatus (300).

[0192] In accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure, a method performed by a user device in a wireless communication system is provided. The method may comprise: transmitting, to a network entity, capability information associated with a dual steering; receiving, from the network entity, information associated with a dual steer rule; detecting an application; and associating data for the application with a first subscription permanent identifier (SUPI) or a second SUPI, based on the dual steer rule.

[0193] In an embodiment, wherein the information associated with the dual steer rule includes information indicating a steering mode associated with a distribution of application data across a first 3rdgeneration partnership project (3GPP) access for the first SUPI and a second 3GPP access for the second SUPI.

[0194] In an embodiment, wherein the steering mode includes an active-standby steering mode used to steer a service data flow (SDF) on the first 3GPP access in case that the first 3GPP access is available, and to steer the SDF to the second 3GPP access that is available in case that the first 3GPP access is not available.

[0195] In an embodiment, wherein the steering mode includes a smallest delay steering mode used to steer a service data flow (SDF) to an access with a smallest round-trip time (RTT), and used for a non-guaranteed bit rate (non-GBR) service data flow (SDF).

[0196] In an embodiment, wherein the information associated with the dual steer rule includes one or more threshold values associated with a priority-based steering mode, the one or more threshold values including a value for a round-trip time (RTT) or a value for packet loss rate.

[0197] In an embodiment, wherein the information associated with the dual steer rule includes information indicating a transport mode for matching traffic in case that a steering functionality is a multipath-enabled quick UDP internet connections (MPQUIC) functionality.

[0198] In an embodiment, wherein the capability information includes first capability information associated with dual steering, the first capability information being transmitted via a first registration request over the first 3GPP access.

[0199] In an embodiment, wherein the information associated with the dual steer rule includes first information associated with a first dual steer rule, the first information being received over the first 3GPP access.

[0200] In an embodiment, wherein the capability information includes second capability information associated with the dual steering, the second capability information being transmitted via a second registration request over the second 3GPP access.

[0201] In an embodiment, wherein the information associated with the dual steer rule includes second information associated with a second dual steering rule, the second information being received over the second 3GPP access.

[0202] In accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure, a method performed by a network entity in a wireless communication system is provided. The method may comprise: receiving, from a user device, capability information associated with a dual steering; and transmitting, to the user device, information associated with a dual steer rule, wherein the dual steer rule is related to association of data for an application with a first subscription permanent identifier (SUPI) or a second SUPI.

[0203] In an embodiment, wherein the information associated with the dual steer rule includes information indicating a steering mode associated with a distribution of application data across a first 3rdgeneration partnership project (3GPP) access for the first SUPI and a second 3GPP access for the second SUPI.

[0204] In an embodiment, wherein the steering mode includes: an active-standby steering mode used to steer a service data flow (SDF) on the first 3GPP access in case that the first 3GPP access is available, and to steer the SDF to the second 3GPP access that is available in case that the first 3GPP access is not available; and a smallest delay steering mode used to steer a service data flow (SDF) to an access with a smallest round-trip time (RTT), and used for a non-guaranteed bit rate (non-GBR) service data flow (SDF).

[0205] In an embodiment, wherein the information associated with the dual steer rule includes: one or more threshold values associated with a priority-based steering mode, the one or more threshold values including a value for a round-trip time (RTT) or a value for packet loss rate; and information indicating a transport mode for matching traffic in case that a steering functionality is a multipath-enabled quick UDP internet connections (MPQUIC) functionality.

[0206] In accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure, a user device in a wireless communication system is provided. The user device may comprise: a transceiver; and at least one processor coupled with the transceiver and configured to: transmit, to a network entity, capability information associated with a dual steering; receive, from the network entity, information associated with a dual steer rule; detect an application; and associate data for the application with a first subscription permanent identifier (SUPI) or a second SUPI, based on the dual steer rule.

[0207] Fig. 10 is a diagram illustrating a UE 1000 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0208] Referring to the Fig. 10, the UE 1000 may include a processor 1010, a transceiver 1020 and a memory 1030. However, all of the illustrated components are not essential. The UE 1000 may be implemented by more or less components than those illustrated in the Fig. 10. In addition, the processor 1010 and the transceiver 1020 and the memory 1030 may be implemented as a single chip according to another embodiment.

[0209] The aforementioned components will now be described in detail.

[0210] The processor 1010 may include one or more processors or other processing devices that control the proposed function, process, and / or method. Operation of the UE 1000 may be implemented by the processor 1010.

[0211] The transceiver 1020 may be connected to the processor 1010 and transmit and / or receive a signal. In addition, the transceiver 1020 may receive the signal through a wireless channel and output the signal to the processor 1010. The transceiver 1020 may transmit the signal output from the processor 1010 through the wireless channel.

[0212] The memory 1030 may store the control information or the data included in a signal obtained by the UE 1000. The memory 1030 may be connected to the processor 1010 and store at least one instruction or a protocol or a parameter for the proposed function, process, and / or method. The memory 1030 may include read-only memory (ROM) and / or random access memory (RAM) and / or hard disk and / or CD-ROM and / or DVD and / or other storage devices.

[0213] Fig. 11 is a diagram illustrating a base station 1100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0214] Referring to the Fig. 11, the base station 1100 may include a processor 1110, a transceiver 1120 and a memory 1130. However, all of the illustrated components are not essential. The base station 1100 may be implemented by more or less components than those illustrated in Fig. 11. In addition, the processor 1110 and the transceiver 1120 and the memory 1130 may be implemented as a single chip according to another embodiment.

[0215] The aforementioned components will now be described in detail.

[0216] The processor 1110 may include one or more processors or other processing devices that control the proposed function, process, and / or method. Operation of the base station 1100 may be implemented by the processor 1110.

[0217] The transceiver 1120 may be connected to the processor 1110 and transmit and / or receive a signal. The signal may include control information and data. In addition, the transceiver 1120 may receive the signal through a wireless channel and output the signal to the processor 1110. The transceiver 1120 may transmit a signal output from the processor 1110 through the wireless channel.

[0218] The memory 1130 may store the control information or the data included in a signal obtained by the base station 1100. The memory 1130 may be connected to the processor 1110 and store at least one instruction or a protocol or a parameter for the proposed function, process, and / or method. The memory 1130 may include read-only memory (ROM) and / or random access memory (RAM) and / or hard disk and / or CD-ROM and / or DVD and / or other storage devices.

[0219] Fig. 12 schematically illustrates a core network entity according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0220] The network entity described above may correspond to the core network entity 1200.

[0221] Referring to the Fig. 12, the core network entity 1200 may include a processor 1210, a transceiver 1220 and a memory 1230. However, all of the illustrated components are not essential. The core network entity 1200 may be implemented by more or less components than those illustrated in Fig. 12. In addition, the processor 1210 and the transceiver 1220 and the memory 1230 may be implemented as a single chip according to another embodiment.

[0222] The aforementioned components will now be described in detail.

[0223] The transceiver 1220 may provide an interface for performing communication with other devices in a network. That is, the transceiver 1220 may convert a bitstream transmitted from the core network entity 1200 to other devices to a physical signal and covert a physical signal received from other devices to a bitstream. That is, the transceiver 1220 may transmit and receive a signal. The transceiver 1220 may be referred to as modem, transmitter, receiver, communication unit and communication module. The transceiver 1220 may enable the core network entity 1200 to communicate with other devices or system through backhaul connection or other connection method.

[0224] The memory 1230 may store a basic program, an application program, configuration information for an operation of the core network entity 1200. The memory 1230 may include volatile memory, non-volatile memory and a combination of the volatile memory and the non-volatile memory. The memory 1230 may provide data according to a request from the processor 1210.

[0225] The processor 1210 may control overall operations of the core network entity 1200. For example, the processor 1210 may transmit and receive a signal through the transceiver 1220. The processor 1210 may include at least one processor. The processor 1210 may control the core network entity 1200 to perform operations according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0226] Methods according to the claims of the disclosure or the various embodiments of the disclosure described in the specification may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software.

[0227] When implemented in software, a computer-readable storage medium storing one or more programs (software modules) may be provided. One or more programs stored in the computer-readable storage medium are configured for execution by one or more processors in an electronic device. The one or more programs may include instructions that cause the electronic device to perform the methods in accordance with the claims of the disclosure or the various embodiments of the disclosure described in the specification.

[0228] The programs (software modules, software) may be stored in a random access memory (RAM), a non-volatile memory including a flash memory, a read only memory (ROM), an electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), a magnetic disc storage device, a compact disc-ROM (CD-ROM), a digital versatile disc (DVD) or other types of optical storage device, and / or a magnetic cassette. Alternatively, the programs may be stored in a memory including a combination of some or all of them. There may be a plurality of memories.

[0229] The program may also be stored in an attachable storage device that may be accessed over a communication network including the Internet, an intranet, a Local Area Network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), or a storage area network (SAN), or a combination thereof. The storage device may be connected to an apparatus performing the various embodiments of the disclosure through an external port. In addition, a separate storage device in the communication network may be connected to the apparatus performing the various embodiments of the disclosure.

[0230] In the various embodiments of the present disclosure, a component is represented in a singular or plural form. It should be understood, however, that the singular or plural representations are selected appropriately according to the situations presented for convenience of explanation, and the disclosure is not limited to the singular or plural form of the component. Further, the component expressed in the plural form may also imply the singular form, and vice versa.

[0231] While the disclosure has been shown and described with reference to various embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0232] The foregoing description of the specific embodiments will so fully reveal the general nature of the embodiments herein that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily modify and or adapt for various applications such specific embodiments without departing from the generic concept, and, therefore, such adaptations and modifications are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments. It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. Therefore, while the embodiments herein have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments herein can be practiced with modification within the scope of the embodiments as described herein.

Claims

1.A method performed by a user device in a wireless communication system, the method comprising:transmitting, to a network entity, capability information associated with a dual steering;receiving, from the network entity, information associated with a dual steer rule;detecting an application; andassociating data for the application with a first subscription permanent identifier (SUPI) or a second SUPI, based on the dual steer rule.2.The method of claim 1, wherein the information associated with the dual steer rule includes information indicating a steering mode associated with a distribution of application data across a first 3rdgeneration partnership project (3GPP) access for the first SUPI and a second 3GPP access for the second SUPI.3.The method of claim 2, wherein the steering mode includes an active-standby steering mode used to steer a service data flow (SDF) on the first 3GPP access in case that the first 3GPP access is available, and to steer the SDF to the second 3GPP access that is available in case that the first 3GPP access is not available.4.The method of claim 2, wherein the steering mode includes a smallest delay steering mode used to steer a service data flow (SDF) to an access with a smallest round-trip time (RTT), and used for a non-guaranteed bit rate (non-GBR) service data flow (SDF).5.The method of claim 1, wherein the information associated with the dual steer rule includes one or more threshold values associated with a priority-based steering mode, the one or more threshold values including a value for a round-trip time (RTT) or a value for packet loss rate.6.The method of claim 1, wherein the information associated with the dual steer rule includes information indicating a transport mode for matching traffic in case that a steering functionality is a multipath-enabled quick UDP internet connections (MPQUIC) functionality.7.The method of claim 2, wherein the capability information includes first capability information associated with dual steering, the first capability information being transmitted via a first registration request over the first 3GPP access.8.The method of claim 2, wherein the information associated with the dual steer rule includes first information associated with a first dual steer rule, the first information being received over the first 3GPP access.9.The method of claim 2, wherein the capability information includes second capability information associated with the dual steering, the second capability information being transmitted via a second registration request over the second 3GPP access.10.The method of claim 2, wherein the information associated with the dual steer rule includes second information associated with a second dual steering rule, the second information being received over the second 3GPP access.11.A method performed by a network entity in a wireless communication system, the method comprising:receiving, from a user device, capability information associated with a dual steering; andtransmitting, to the user device, information associated with a dual steer rule,wherein the dual steer rule is related to association of data for an application with a first subscription permanent identifier (SUPI) or a second SUPI.12.The method of claim 11, wherein the information associated with the dual steer rule includes information indicating a steering mode associated with a distribution of application data across a first 3rdgeneration partnership project (3GPP) access for the first SUPI and a second 3GPP access for the second SUPI.13.The method of claim 12, wherein the steering mode includes:an active-standby steering mode used to steer a service data flow (SDF) on the first 3GPP access in case that the first 3GPP access is available, and to steer the SDF to the second 3GPP access that is available in case that the first 3GPP access is not available; anda smallest delay steering mode used to steer a service data flow (SDF) to an access with a smallest round-trip time (RTT), and used for a non-guaranteed bit rate (non-GBR) service data flow (SDF).14.The method of claim 11, wherein the information associated with the dual steer rule includes:one or more threshold values associated with a priority-based steering mode, the one or more threshold values including a value for a round-trip time (RTT) or a value for packet loss rate; andinformation indicating a transport mode for matching traffic in case that a steering functionality is a multipath-enabled quick UDP internet connections (MPQUIC) functionality.15.A user device in a wireless communication system, the user device comprising:a transceiver; andat least one processor coupled with the transceiver and configured to:transmit, to a network entity, capability information associated with a dual steering;receive, from the network entity, information associated with a dual steer rule;detect an application; andassociate data for the application with a first subscription permanent identifier (SUPI) or a second SUPI, based on the dual steer rule.

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