Methods and apparatuses of enhancement for a condition based measurement report and l1 / l2-triggered mobility (LTM)
The proposed enhancements in L1/L2 triggered mobility mechanisms address inefficiencies in cell change processes by optimizing beam-specific event reporting and interface management, reducing latency and overhead in wireless communication systems, including terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/132397
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-15
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-04
AI Technical Summary
Existing wireless communication systems face challenges in efficiently managing cell changes due to longer latency, higher overhead, and longer interruption times in legacy handover processes, which can be improved through Layer-1/Layer-2 (L1/L2) triggered mobility (LTM) mechanisms, but enhancements are needed for event-based measurement reporting and LTM configurations, particularly in handling beam-specific quality conditions and interface enhancements.
The proposed solution involves designing mechanisms for determining beams to trigger L1 measurement reports based on entering and leaving conditions during specific time windows, enhancing the F1 interface for L3 event-based LTM, and allowing combinations of L1 and L3 events for LTM candidate cells, particularly in terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks.
This approach reduces mobility latency and overhead by optimizing L1/L2 signaling for cell changes, improving the efficiency and responsiveness of wireless communication systems, especially in scenarios with discontinuous network coverage.
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Figure CN2024132397_04092025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
METHODS AND APPARATUSES OF ENHANCEMENT FOR A CONDITION BASED MEASUREMENT REPORT AND L1 / L2-TRIGGERED MOBILITY (LTM)TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to wireless communications, and more specifically to methods and apparatuses of enhancement for a condition based measurement report and L1 / L2-Triggered Mobility (LTM) .BACKGROUND
[0002] A wireless communications system may include one or multiple network communication devices, such as base stations (BSs) , which may support wireless communications for one or multiple user communication devices, which may be otherwise known as user equipment (UE) , or other suitable terminology. The wireless communications system may support wireless communications with one or multiple user communication devices by utilizing resources of the wireless communication system (e.g. time-domain resources (e.g. symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency-domain resources (e.g. subcarriers, carriers, or the like) . Additionally, the wireless communications system may support wireless communications across various radio access technologies including third generation (3G) radio access technology, fourth generation (4G) radio access technology, fifth generation (5G) radio access technology, among other suitable radio access technologies beyond 5G (e.g. sixth generation (6G) ) .SUMMARY
[0003] An article "a" before an element is unrestricted and understood to refer to "at least one" of those elements or "one or more" of those elements. The terms "a, " "at least one, " "one or more, " and "at least one of one or more" may be interchangeable. As used herein, including in the claims, "or" as used in a list of items (e.g. a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as "at least one of" or "one or more of" or "one or both of" ) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C) . Also, as used herein, the phrase "based on" shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as "based on condition A" may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present application. In other words, as used herein, the phrase "based on" shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase "based at least in part on. Further, as used herein, including in the claims, a "set" may include one or more elements.
[0004] Some implementations of the present application provide a user equipment (UE) . The UE includes at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled to the at least one memory and configured to cause the UE to: receive a first radio resource control (RRC) configuration including at least one of the following: information of at least one event for triggering a layer-1 (L1) measurement report; a condition based L1 / L2-Triggered Mobility (LTM) candidate configuration associated with one or more LTM candidate cells; or a set of LTM conditions corresponding to the one or more LTM candidate cells; evaluate whether an entering condition of the at least one event is fulfilled within a first time window; and evaluate whether an entering condition of the set of LTM conditions is fulfilled within a second time window.
[0005] In some implementations of the UE described herein, the entering condition of the at least one event includes at least one of the following: a current beam of a serving cell of the UE becomes worse than a first threshold; any beam of at least one candidate cell becomes an amount of offset better than the current beam of the serving cell; any beam of the at least one candidate cell becomes better than a second threshold; or the current beam of the serving cell becomes worse than a third threshold and any beam of the at least one candidate cell becomes better than a fourth threshold, and wherein at least one of the current beam of the serving cell or the any beam of the at least one candidate cell is: a synchronization signal block (SSB) index; or a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) , and wherein the information of the at least one event includes at least one of the following: identifier (ID) information of the at least one event; one or more offsets for the at least one event; one or more hysteresis parameters for the at least one event; one or more thresholds for the at least one event; one or more filter parameters for the at least one event; or a length of a time window associated with the at least one event.
[0006] In some implementations of the UE described herein, the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to: if the entering condition of the at least one event is fulfilled during the first time window, trigger to transmit a first medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) for the L1 measurement report, wherein the first MAC CE includes identifier (ID) information of a first beam and beam quality of the first beam, and wherein the first beam is associated with the entering condition of the at least one event.
[0007] In some implementations of the UE described herein, if the entering condition of the at least one event associated with a first set of beams is fulfilled one by one in a chronological order during the first time window, the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to determine the first beam to trigger to transmit the first MAC CE based on one of the followings: a last beam in the chronological order within the first set of beams that triggers fulfillment of the entering condition of the at least one event; or a beam with a best beam quality within the first set of beams that triggers fulfillment of the entering condition of the at least one event; or all beams of the first set of beams.
[0008] In some implementations of the UE described herein, a total number of the first set of beams is M, a total number of beams included in the first MAC CE is K, and M and K are positive integers: if M is greater than K, information of first K beams within the first set of beams is included in the first MAC CE; or if M is greater than K, if a quality related threshold is configured to the UE, and if beam quality of at least one beam within the first set of beams is greater than the quality related threshold: information of the at least one beam is included in the first MAC CE; or if a total number of the at least one beam is greater than K, information of first K beams within the at least one beam is included in the first MAC CE; or if M is less than K, and if a measurement result of the first set of beams and a measurement result of a second set of beams are obtained in a same measurement instance, the first MAC CE further includes: beam ID information of all beams of the second set of beams, and beam quality of all beams of the second set of beams; or beam ID information of a subset of the second set of beams, and beam quality of the subset of the second set of beams.
[0009] In some implementations of the UE described herein, second set of beams include a current beam of a serving cell of the UE.
[0010] In some implementations of the UE described herein, the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to continue evaluating both the entering condition and a leaving condition of the at least one event within a third time window, and wherein the leaving condition of the at least one event includes at least one of the following: beam quality of each beam of a candidate cell is worse than a sum of beam quality of a current beam of a serving cell of the UE and a first offset value; beam quality of a best beam of the candidate cell is worse than a sum of the beam quality of the current beam of the serving cell and a second offset value; or a sum of the beam quality of the each beam of the candidate cell and at least one of a measurement object specific offset of the candidate cell, a cell specific offset of the candidate cell, or a hysteresis parameter of the at least one event is less than a threshold.
[0011] In some implementations of the UE described herein, the leaving condition of the at least one event is further associated with at least one of the following: a measurement object specific offset of the serving cell; a cell specific offset of the serving cell; a measurement object specific offset of the candidate cell; the cell specific offset of the candidate cell; or a hysteresis parameter for the at least one event.
[0012] In some implementations of the UE described herein, if the leaving condition of the at least one event is fulfilled within the third time window, the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to trigger to transmit a second medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) for the L1 measurement report, wherein the second MAC CE includes identifier (ID) information of a third beam and beam quality of the third beam, and wherein the third beam is associated with the leaving condition of the at least one event.
[0013] In some implementations of the UE described herein, if the leaving condition of the at least one event associated with a third set of beams is fulfilled one by one in a chronological order during the third time window, the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to determine the third beam to trigger to transmit the second MAC CE based on one of the followings: a last beam in the chronological order within the third set of beams that triggers fulfillment of the leaving condition of the at least one event; or a beam with a best beam quality within the third set of beams that triggers fulfillment of the leaving condition of the at least one event; or all beams of the third set of beams.
[0014] In some implementations of the UE described herein, a total number of the third set of beams is X, a total number of beams included in the second MAC CE is Y, and X and Y are positive integers: if X is greater than Y, information of first Y beams within the third set of beams is included in the second MAC CE; or if X is greater than Y, if a quality related threshold is configured to the UE, and if beam quality of at least one beam within the third set of beams is greater than the quality related threshold: information of the at least one beam is included in the second MAC CE; or if a total number of the at least one beam is greater than Y, information of first Y beams within the at least one beam is included in the second MAC CE; or if X is less than Y, and if a measurement result of the third set of beam sand a measurement result of a fourth set of beams are obtained in a same measurement instance, the second MAC CE further includes: beam ID information of all beams of the fourth set of beams, and beam quality of all beams of the fourth set of beams; or beam ID information of a subset of the fourth set of beams, and beam quality of the subset of the fourth set of beams.
[0015] In some implementations of the UE described herein, the fourth set of beams include a current beam of a serving cell of the UE.
[0016] In some implementations of the UE described herein, the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to receive, from a base station (BS) , information without a configuration related to the L1 measurement report, and wherein the L1 measurement report cannot be transmitted by the UE to a source distributed unit (DU) of the BS.
[0017] In some implementations of the UE described herein, the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to: receive an LTM cell switch command associated with a first LTM candidate cell within the one or more LTM candidate cells; and stop evaluating the set of LTM conditions corresponding to the one or more LTM candidate cells, once an LTM cell switch towards the first LTM candidate cell is triggered.
[0018] In some implementations of the UE described herein, the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to resume evaluating the set of LTM conditions corresponding to the one or more LTM candidate cells after completing the LTM cell switch.
[0019] In some implementations of the UE described herein, the set of LTM conditions includes: an L1 event for triggering cell switch from a serving cell of the UE towards the one or more LTM candidate cells; or a layer-3 (L3) event for triggering cell switch from the serving cell towards the one or more LTM candidate cells; or a combination of the L1 event and the L3 event for triggering cell switch from the serving cell towards the one or more LTM candidate cells.
[0020] In some implementations of the UE described herein, the L1 event is same as the at least one event, and the L3 event includes at least one of the following: a serving cell of the UE becomes better than a threshold; the serving becomes worse than a threshold; a neighbour cell of the UE becomes offset better than a primary cell of a master or secondary cell group (SpCell) ; the neighbour cell becomes better than a threshold; the SpCell becomes worse than a first threshold and the neighbour cell becomes better than a second threshold; the neighbour cell becomes offset better than a secondary cell (SCell) ; a inter radio access technology (RAT) neighbour cell of the UE becomes better than a threshold; a primary cell (PCell) becomes worse than a third threshold and the inter RAT neighbour cell becomes better than a fourth threshold; interference becomes higher than a threshold; a new radio (NR) sidelink channel busy ratio is above a threshold; the NR sidelink channel busy ratio is below a threshold; a distance between the UE and a first reference location is above a fifth threshold and a distance between the UE and a second reference location is below a sixth threshold; a distance between the UE and a serving cell moving reference location is above a seventh threshold and a distance between the UE and a moving reference location is below an eighth threshold; or time measured at the UE is within a duration from a threshold.
[0021] In some implementations of the UE described herein, the L1 event is generated by a source distributed unit (DU) of a base station (BS) , and the L3 event is generated by a central unit (CU) of the BS.
[0022] In some implementations of the UE described herein, if the set of LTM conditions includes the combination of the L1 event and the L3 event: the at least one processor is further configured to cause a medium access control (MAC) layer of the UE to: receive, from a radio resource control (RRC) layer of the UE, information indicating whether an entering condition of the L3 event is fulfilled; evaluate whether an entering condition of the L1 event is fulfilled within a fourth time window; and check whether both the L1 event and the L3 event are fulfilled; or the at least one processor is further configured to cause the RRC layer of the UE to:receive, from the MAC layer of the UE, information indicating whether the entering condition of the L1 event is fulfilled; evaluate whether the entering condition of the L3 event is fulfilled within a fifth time window; and check whether both the L1 event and the L3 event are fulfilled; and if both the L1 event and the L3 event are fulfilled, the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to execute an LTM cell switch towards a first LTM candidate cell within the one or more LTM candidate cells, wherein the first LTM candidate cell is associated with both the L1 event and the L3 event.
[0023] In some implementations of the UE described herein, if the set of LTM conditions includes the L1 event or the L3 event, the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to: evaluate, by a medium access control (MAC) layer of the UE, whether an entering condition of the L1 event is fulfilled within a sixth time window, and if the entering condition of the L1 event is fulfilled within the sixth time window, transmit, by the MAC layer to a radio resource control (RRC) layer of the UE, information indicating the RRC layer to stop evaluating an entering condition of the L3 event; and execute an LTM cell switch towards a second LTM candidate cell within the one or more LTM candidate cells, wherein the second LTM candidate cell is associated with the L1 event.
[0024] In some implementations of the UE described herein, if the set of LTM conditions includes the L1 event or the L3 event, the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to: evaluate, by a radio resource control (RRC) layer of the UE, whether an entering condition of the L3 event is fulfilled within a seventh time window, and if the entering condition of the L3 event is fulfilled within the seventh time window, transmit, by the RRC layer to a medium access control (MAC) layer of the UE, information indicating the MAC layer to stop evaluating an entering condition of the L1 event; and execute an LTM cell switch towards a third LTM candidate cell within the one or more LTM candidate cells, wherein the third LTM candidate cell is associated with the L3 event.
[0025] In some implementations of the UE described herein, if the set of LTM conditions includes the L1 event or the L3 event, the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to: execute, by a radio resource control (RRC) layer of the UE, a handover from a serving cell of the UE towards a target cell due to reception of a handover command of the target cell or a fulfillment of a conditional handover (CHO) condition of the target cell; transmit, by the RRC layer to a medium access control (MAC) layer of the UE, information indicating the MAC layer to stop evaluating the entering condition of the set of LTM conditions; prohibit to trigger an LTM cell switch towards any of the one or more LTM candidate cells during executing the handover; and once the handover is completed, transmit, by the RRC layer to the MAC layer, information indicating the MAC layer to resume evaluating the entering condition of the set of LTM conditions.
[0026] In some implementations of the UE described herein, the UE is located in a terrestrial network (TN) or a non terrestrial network (NTN) .
[0027] Some implementations of the present application provide a processor of a user equipment (UE) for wireless communication, comprising at least one controller coupled with at least one memory and configured to cause the processor to: receive a first radio resource control (RRC) configuration including at least one of the following: information of at least one event for triggering a layer-1 (L1) measurement report; a condition based L1 / L2-Triggered Mobility (LTM) candidate configuration associated with one or more LTM candidate cells; or a set of LTM conditions corresponding to the one or more LTM candidate cells; evaluate whether an entering condition of the at least one event is fulfilled within a first time window; and evaluate whether an entering condition of the set of LTM conditions is fulfilled within a second time window.
[0028] Some implementations of the present application provide a method performed by a user equipment (UE) . The method includes: receiving a first radio resource control (RRC) configuration including at least one of the following: information of at least one event for triggering a layer-1 (L1) measurement report; a condition based L1 / L2-Triggered Mobility (LTM) candidate configuration associated with one or more LTM candidate cells; or a set of LTM conditions corresponding to the one or more LTM candidate cells; evaluating whether an entering condition of the at least one event is fulfilled within a first time window; and evaluating whether an entering condition of the set of LTM conditions is fulfilled within a second time window.
[0029] Some implementations of the present application provide a base station (BS) . The BS includes at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled to the at least one memory and configured to cause the BS to: receive, from a user equipment (UE) , capability information indicating that the UE supports an event based layer-1 (L1) measurement report and a condition based L1 / L2-Triggered Mobility (LTM) ; and transmit, to the UE, a first radio resource control (RRC) configuration including at least one of the following: information of at least one event for triggering an L1 measurement report; a condition based LTM candidate configuration associated with one or more LTM candidate cells; or a set of LTM conditions corresponding to the one or more LTM candidate cells.
[0030] In some implementations of the BS described herein, an entering condition of the at least one event includes at least one of the following: a current beam of a serving cell of the UE becomes worse than a first threshold; any beam of at least one candidate cell becomes an amount of offset better than the current beam of the serving cell; any beam of the at least one candidate cell becomes better than a second threshold; or the current beam of the serving cell becomes worse than a third threshold and any beam of the at least one candidate cell becomes better than a fourth threshold, and wherein at least one of the current beam of the serving cell or the any beam of the at least one candidate cell is: a synchronization signal block (SSB) index; or a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) , and wherein the information of the at least one event includes at least one of the following: identifier (ID) information of the at least one event; one or more offsets for the at least one event; one or more hysteresis parameters for the at least one event; one or more thresholds for the at least one event; one or more filter parameters for the at least one event; or a length of a time window associated with the at least one event.
[0031] In some implementations of the BS described herein, a leaving condition of the at least one event includes at least one of the following: beam quality of each beam of a candidate cell is worse than a sum of beam quality of a current beam of a serving cell of the UE and a first offset value; beam quality of a best beam of the candidate cell is worse than a sum of the beam quality of the current beam of the serving cell and a second offset value; or a sum of the beam quality of the each beam of the candidate cell and at least one of a measurement object specific offset of the candidate cell, a cell specific offset of the candidate cell, or a hysteresis parameter of the at least one event is less than a threshold.
[0032] In some implementations of the BS described herein, the leaving condition of the at least one event is further associated with at least one of the following: a measurement object specific offset of the serving cell; a cell specific offset of the serving cell; a measurement object specific offset of the candidate cell; the cell specific offset of the candidate cell; or a hysteresis parameter for the at least one event.
[0033] In some implementations of the BS described herein, the at least one processor is further configured to cause the BS to receive a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) for the L1 measurement report from the UE, wherein the MAC CE includes identifier (ID) information of a fifth beam and beam quality of the fifth beam, and wherein the fifth beam is associated with an entering condition or a leaving condition of the at least one event.
[0034] In some implementations of the BS described herein, if the entering condition or the leaving condition of the at least one event associated with a fifth set of beams is fulfilled one by one in a chronological order during a time window, the first beam include at least one of the following: a last beam in the chronological order within the fifth set of beams that triggers fulfillment of an entering condition of the at least one event; or a beam with a best beam quality within the fifth set of beams that triggers fulfillment of the entering condition of the at least one event; or all beams of the fifth set of beams.
[0035] In some implementations of the BS described herein, a total number of the fifth set of beams is M, a total number of beams included in the MAC CE is K, and M and K are positive integers: if M is greater than K, information of first K beams within the fifth set of beams is included in the MAC CE; or if M is greater than K, if a quality related threshold is configured to the UE, and if beam quality of at least one beam within the fifth set of beams is greater than the quality related threshold: information of the at least one beam is included in the MAC CE; or if a total number of the at least one beam is greater than K, information of first K beams within the at least one beam is included in the MAC CE; or if M is less than K, and if a measurement result of the fifth set of beams and a measurement result of a sixth set of beams are obtained in a same measurement instance, the MAC CE further includes: beam ID information of all beams of the sixth set of beams, and beam quality of all beams of the sixth set of beams; or beam ID information of a subset of the sixth set of beams, and beam quality of the subset of the sixth set of beams.
[0036] In some implementations of the BS described herein, the sixth set of beams include a current beam of a serving cell of the UE.
[0037] In some implementations of the BS described herein, the at least one processor is further configured to cause the BS to: transmit, by a central unit (CU) of the BS to a source distributed unit (DU) of the BS, information indicating whether an LTM cell switch command associated with an LTM candidate cell within the one or more LTM candidate cells is allowed to be transmitted; transmit, by the CU to the source DU, information indicating that at least one L3 event is configured for the one or more LTM candidate cells; transmit, to the UE, information without a configuration related to the L1 measurement report, wherein the L1 measurement report cannot be received by the source DU; or transmit, to the UE, an LTM cell switch command associated with a first LTM candidate cell within the one or more LTM candidate cells.
[0038] In some implementations of the BS described herein, the set of LTM conditions includes: an L1 event for triggering cell switch from a serving cell of the UE towards the one or more LTM candidate cells; or a layer-3 (L3) event for triggering cell switch from the serving cell towards the one or more LTM candidate cells; or a combination of the L1 event and the L3 event for triggering cell switch from the serving cell towards the one or more LTM candidate cells.
[0039] In some implementations of the BS described herein, the L1 event is same as the at least one event, and the L3 event includes at least one of the following: a serving cell of the UE becomes better than a threshold; the serving becomes worse than a threshold; a neighbour cell of the UE becomes offset better than a primary cell of a master or secondary cell group (SpCell) ; the neighbour cell becomes better than a threshold; the SpCell becomes worse than a first threshold and the neighbour cell becomes better than a second threshold; the neighbour cell becomes offset better than a secondary cell (SCell) ; a inter radio access technology (RAT) neighbour cell of the UE becomes better than a threshold; a primary cell (PCell) becomes worse than a third threshold and the inter RAT neighbour cell becomes better than a fourth threshold; interference becomes higher than a threshold; a new radio (NR) sidelink channel busy ratio is above a threshold; the NR sidelink channel busy ratio is below a threshold; a distance between the UE and a first reference location is above a fifth threshold and a distance between the UE and a second reference location is below a sixth threshold; a distance between the UE and a serving cell moving reference location is above a seventh threshold and a distance between the UE and a moving reference location is below an eighth threshold; or time measured at the UE is within a duration from a threshold.
[0040] In some implementations of the BS described herein, the L1 event is generated by a source distributed unit (DU) of the BS, and the L3 event is generated by a central unit (CU) of the BS.
[0041] In some implementations of the BS described herein, the BS is located in a terrestrial network (TN) or a non terrestrial network (NTN) .
[0042] Some implementations of the present application provide a processor of a base station (BS) for wireless communication, comprising at least one controller coupled with at least one memory and configured to cause the processor to: receive, from a user equipment (UE) , capability information indicating that the UE supports an event based layer-1 (L1) measurement report and a condition based L1 / L2-Triggered Mobility (LTM) ; and transmit, to the UE, a first radio resource control (RRC) configuration including at least one of the following: information of at least one event for triggering an L1 measurement report; a condition based LTM candidate configuration associated with one or more LTM candidate cells; or a set of LTM conditions corresponding to the one or more LTM candidate cells.
[0043] Some implementations of the present application provide a method performed by a base station (BS) . The method includes: receiving, from a user equipment (UE) , capability information indicating that the UE supports an event based layer-1 (L1) measurement report and a condition based L1 / L2-Triggered Mobility (LTM) ; and transmitting, to the UE, a first radio resource control (RRC) configuration including at least one of the following: information of at least one event for triggering an L1 measurement report; a condition based LTM candidate configuration associated with one or more LTM candidate cells; or a set of LTM conditions corresponding to the one or more LTM candidate cells.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0044] Figure 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system in accordance with aspects of the present application.
[0045] Figure 2 illustrates an example of a user equipment (UE) 200 in accordance with aspects of the present application.
[0046] Figure 3 illustrates an example of a processor 300 in accordance with aspects of the present application.
[0047] Figure 4 illustrates an example of a network equipment (NE) 400 in accordance with aspects of the present application.
[0048] Figures 5 and 6 illustrate flowcharts related to an event based L1 measurement report and a condition based LTM in accordance with aspects of the present application.
[0049] Figures 7-9 illustrate schematic diagrams of an event based L1 measurement report and a condition based LTM in accordance with aspects of the present application.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0050] In general, when a UE moves from one cell to another cell, at some point a serving cell change needs to be performed. In the legacy, the serving cell change is done by explicit radio resource control (RRC) reconfiguration signalling (e.g. a handover (HO) command) to trigger the synchronization of a target cell based on Layer-3 (L3) measurements report. It leads to longer latency, larger overhead, and longer interruption time than beam level mobility. Therefore, in 3GPP, LTM was approved to change a serving cell via L1 / L2 signalling, in order to reduce the latency, overhead and interruption time.
[0051] Layer 1 / layer 2 (L1 / L2) triggered mobility (LTM) is a procedure in which a network equipment (e.g. a BS) receives L1 measurement report (s) from a UE, and on their basis the BS changes UE’s serving cell by a cell switch command signaled via a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) . The cell switch command indicates an LTM candidate cell configuration that the BS previously prepared and provided to the UE through RRC signalling. Then the UE switches to the target cell according to the cell switch command. The LTM can be used to reduce the mobility latency. LTM may also be named as L1 / L2 lower layer-Triggered Mobility or the like.
[0052] Master cell group (MCG) LTM is a PCell switch procedure that the network triggers via a MAC CE based on L1 measurements. Secondary cell group (SCG) LTM is a PSCell switch procedure that the network triggers via a MAC CE based on L1 measurements.
[0053] In an MCG LTM procedure or an LTM PCell switch procedure from a source cell (or source PCell) to a target cell (or target PCell) in a dual connectivity scenario, a node which generates an RRC Reconfiguration message for the MCG LTM switch procedure or the LTM PCell switch procedure, or which determines to initiate MCG LTM may be a MN or a CU of the MN.
[0054] In an SCG LTM procedure or an LTM PSCell switch procedure from a source PSCell to a target PSCell in a dual connectivity scenario, a node which generates an RRC Reconfiguration message for the SCG LTM switch procedure or the LTM PSCell switch procedure, or which determines to initiate SCG LTM may be a MN or an SN or a CU of the MN or a CU of the SN, furthermore, the SN may be a node to which the serving PSCell or source PSCell belongs (e.g. a source SN) , or the SN may be a node to which the target PSCell for LTM belongs (e.g. a target SN) .
[0055] Currently, the following LTM events based on beam specific quality of a serving cell and candidate cells may be supported as L1 LTM measurement events. - Event #1: Beam (s) of a serving cell becomes worse than an absolute threshold; - Event #2: Beam (s) of a candidate cell becomes offset better than beam (s) of a serving cell; - Event #3: Beam (s) of a candidate cell becomes better than an absolute threshold; - Event #4: Beam (s) of a serving cell becomes worse than an absolute threshold AND Beam (s) of a candidate cell becomes better than another absolute threshold.
[0056] In some cases, an event which is satisfied means that an entering condition of the event is fulfilled during a time window. For example, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, a beam is determined as satisfied (or met) if an entering condition of the event associated with this beam is fulfilled.
[0057] For example, an entering condition for Event #1 (Beam (s) of a serving cell becomes worse than an absolute threshold) is as follows: - Option E1-1a: A number m is configured by network. If m =1, it is fixed in the specification. Namely, the configuration from network is not needed. - Alternative#1: UE considers the entering condition for this event to be fulfilled when condition E1-1 is fulfilled for the best beam. - Alternative#2: UE considers the entering condition for this event to be fulfilled when condition E1-1 is fulfilled for the mth beam. - Alternative#3: UE considers the entering condition for this event to be fulfilled when condition E1-1 is fulfilled based on the average of the m beams. The m beams could be the best m beams from the serving cell in this option. - Option E1-1b: A number m and threshold for beam filtering are configured by network. - UE considers the entering condition for this event to be fulfilled when condition E1- 1 is fulfilled based on the average of the best minimum (m1, m) beams. There are m1 beams of the serving cell meeting the threshold. Ms is the average of minimum (m1, m) beams of the serving cell. Inequality E1-1 (Entering condition) Mbs + Hys < Thresh The variables in the formula are defined as follows: Mbs is the measurement result of the beam of the serving cell. Hys is the hysteresis parameter for this event. Thresh is the threshold parameter for this event.
[0058] For example, an entering condition for Event #2 (Beam (s) of a candidate cell becomes offset better than beam (s) of a serving cell) is as follows: - Option E2-1a: A number m is configured by network. - Alternative#1: UE considers the entering condition for this event to be fulfilled when condition E2-1 is fulfilled for each beam from the best m beams. - Alternative#2: UE considers the entering condition for this event to be fulfilled when condition E2-1 is fulfilled based on the average of the best m beams. - Option E2-1b: A number m and a threshold for beam filtering is configured by network. - Alternative#1: UE considers the entering condition for this event to be fulfilled when condition E2-1 is fulfilled for each beam from the best minimum (m1, m2 and m) beams. The number m is configured by network. One threshold is configured by the network to UE. Only the beam which is greater than the threshold can be selected for checking entering or leaving condition. There are m1 beams of the serving cell meeting the threshold. There are m2 beams of the serving cell meeting the threshold. √ For example, if Mn used in E2-1 is the best beam from the neighbour cell, Mp used in E2-2 is also the best beam from the serving cell. If Mn used in E2-1 is the second-best beam from the neighbour cell, Mp used in E2-2 is also the second-best beam from the serving cell. And so on. - Alternative#2: UE considers the entering condition for this event to be fulfilled when condition E2-2 is fulfilled based on the average of beams of serving cell and neighbour cell. There are m1 beams of the serving cell meeting the threshold. There are m2 beams of the neighbour cell meeting the threshold. Mn is the average of minimum (m2, m) beams of neighbour cell. Mp is the average of minimum (m1, m) beams of serving cell. Inequality E2-1 (Entering condition) Mbn + Ofn + Ocn -Hys > Mbp + Ofp + Ocp + Off Inequality E2-2 (Leaving condition) Mbn + Ofn + Ocn + Hys < Mbp + Ofp + Ocp + Off The variables in the formula are defined as follows: Mbn is the measurement result of the beam of the neighbouring cell. Ofn is the measurement object specific offset of the reference signal of the neighbour cell. Ocn is the cell specific offset of the neighbour cell. Mbp is the measurement result of the SpCell. Ofp is the measurement object specific offset of the SpCell (i.e. offsetMO as defined within measObjectNR corresponding to the SpCell) . Ocp is the cell specific offset of the SpCell (i.e. cellIndividualOffset as defined within measObjectNR corresponding to the SpCell) , and is set to zero if not configured for the SpCell. Hys is the hysteresis parameter for this event (i.e. hysteresis as defined within reportConfigNR for this event) .
[0059] For example, an entering condition for Event #3 (Beam (s) of a candidate cell becomes better than an absolute threshold) is as follows: - Option E3-1a: A number m is configured by network. If m =1, it is fixed in the specification. Namely, the configuration from network is not needed. - Alternative#1: UE considers the entering condition for this event to be fulfilled when condition E3-1 is fulfilled for the m beams. - Alternative#2: UE considers the entering condition for this event to be fulfilled when condition E3-1 is fulfilled based on the average of the m beams. The m beams could be the best m beams from the serving cell in this option. Inequality E3-1 (Entering condition) Mbn + Ofn + Ocn -Hys > Thresh The variables in the formula are defined as follows: Mbn is the measurement result of the neighbouring cell or the measurement result of serving PSCell (i.e., in case it is configured as candidate PSCell for CondEvent E3 evaluation) for CHO with candidate SCG (s) case. Ofn is the measurement object specific offset of the neighbour cell (i.e. offsetMO as defined within measObjectNR corresponding to the neighbour cell) . Ocn is the measurement object specific offset of the neighbour cell (i.e. cellIndividualOffset as defined within measObjectNR corresponding to the neighbour cell, or cellIndividualOffset as defined within reportConfigNR) , and set to zero if not configured for the neighbour cell. Hys is the hysteresis parameter for this event. Thresh is the threshold parameter for this event.
[0060] For example, an entering condition for Event #4 (Beam (s) of a serving cell becomes worse than an absolute threshold AND Beam (s) of a candidate cell becomes better than another absolute threshold) is as follows: - Option E4-1a: A number m is configured by network. If m =1, it is fixed in the specification. Namely, the configuration from network is not needed. - Alternative#1: UE considers the entering condition for this event to be fulfilled when condition E4-1 is fulfilled for the m beams from the serving cell and E4-2 is fulfilled for the m beams from the neighbour cell. - Alternative#2: UE considers the entering condition for this event to be fulfilled when condition E4-1 is fulfilled based on the average of the m beams from the serving cell and condition E4-1 is fulfilled based on the average of the m beams from the neighbour cell. The m beams could be the best m beams from the serving cell in this option. Inequality E4-1 (Entering condition 1) Mbp + Hys < Thresh1 Inequality E4-2 (Entering condition 2) Mbn + Ofn + Ocn -Hys > Thresh2 The variables in the formula are defined as follows: Mbp is the measurement result of the beam from NR SpCell. Mbn is the measurement result of the beam of the neighbouring cell. Ofn is the measurement object specific offset of the neighbour cell (i.e. offsetMO as defined within measObjectNR corresponding to the neighbour cell) . Ocn is the cell specific offset of the neighbour cell, and set to zero if not configured for the neighbour cell. Hys is the hysteresis parameter for this event. Thresh1 is the threshold parameter for this event. Thresh2 is the threshold parameter for this event.
[0061] In some cases, an LTM configuration includes the beam configuration of both synchronization signal block (SSB) and channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) in L1 measurement resource configuration. However, the following details of enhancement for an event based L1 measurement report and a condition based LTM have not been discussed yet. This patent application aims to address such issues.
[0062] For example, some embodiments of the present disclosure design a mechanism of how to determine one or more beams to trigger to transmit an L1 measurement report if entering conditions of events associated with several beams are fulfilled in order during a time window. Some embodiments of the present disclosure design a leaving condition for a beam-based event. Some other embodiments of the present disclosure design a mechanism of how to determine one or more beams to trigger to transmit an L1 measurement report if leaving conditions of several beams are fulfilled in order during a time window. Some embodiments of the present disclosure design an enhanced F1 interface between a CU and a source DU if an L3 event based LTM is allowed. Some other embodiments of the present disclosure design a mechanism of an enhanced F1 interface and a UE's behaviors if a combination of an L1 event and an L3 event is allowed to be configured for an LTM candidate cell.
[0063] In some cases, the embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to a terrestrial network (TN) and / or a non-terrestrial network (NTN) .
[0064] An NTN may refer to a network, or a segment of a network, using an airborne or space-borne vehicle to embark an NTN payload. An NTN payload may perform the desired communication function of a satellite or a high altitude platform station (HAPS) , between the service and the feeder link. An NTN payload may be embarked on board space / airborne vehicle. The satellite in NTN can be a geostationary earth orbiting (GEO) satellite with fixed location with respect to the Earth, or a low earth orbiting (LEO) satellite orbiting around the Earth. In 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Rel-17, NTN using new radio (NR) air interface is discussed in the work item "Solutions for NR to support NTN" , and NTN using long-term evolution (LTE) air interface for internet of things (IoT) user equipment (UE) is discussed in the study item "Study on NB-IoT / eMTC support for NTN. " "NB-IoT / eMTC" stands for "narrow band-IoT / enhanced machine type communication. "
[0065] In the discussions for "Study on NB-IoT / eMTC support for NTN" scenarios, satellite service providers are proposed to include microsatellite platforms (as known as Cube satellites) with limited size and power and low-density constellations, which have restricted link budget and discontinuous service link coverage where UE devices can remain long periods of time without being able to detect a satellite cell. . It is expected that RAN2 will study an effect of the discontinuous service link coverage scenario after RAN1 has made some progress on this aspect. The discontinuous service link coverage scenario may also be named as “a discontinuous coverage scenario” , “a discontinuous network coverage scenario” , “a coverage hole scenario” , or the like.
[0066] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, condition based LTM cell switch may also be named as "conditional LTM" or "condition based LTM mobility" or the like. An LTM candidate cells in condition based LTM cell switch may also be named as "a condition based LTM candidate cell" or the like. More details of the embodiments of the present application will be illustrated in the following text in combination with the appended drawings.
[0067] Figure 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system 100 in accordance with aspects of the present application. The wireless communications system 100 may include one or more NE 102, one or more UE 104, and a core network (CN) 106. The wireless communications system 100 may support various radio access technologies. In some implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a 4G network, such as an LTE network or an LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network. In some other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a NR network, such as a 5G network, a 5G-Advanced (5G-A) network, or a 5G ultrawideband (5G-UWB) network. In other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a combination of a 4G network and a 5G network, or other suitable radio access technology including Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi) , IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) , IEEE 802.20. The wireless communications system 100 may support radio access technologies beyond 5G, for example, 6G. Additionally, the wireless communications system 100 may support technologies, such as time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , or code division multiple access (CDMA) , etc.
[0068] The one or more NE 102 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region to form the wireless communications system 100. One or more of the NE 102 described herein may be or include or may be referred to as a network node, a base station, a network element, a network function, a network entity, a radio access network (RAN) , a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB (gNB) , or other suitable terminology. An NE 102 and a UE 104 may communicate via a communication link, which may be a wireless or wired connection. For example, an NE 102 and a UE 104 may perform wireless communication (e.g. receive signaling, transmit signaling) over a Uu interface.
[0069] An NE 102 may provide a geographic coverage area for which the NE 102 may support services for one or more UEs 104 within the geographic coverage area. For example, an NE 102 and a UE 104 may support wireless communication of signals related to services (e.g. voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. ) according to one or multiple radio access technologies. In some implementations, an NE 102 may be moveable, for example, a satellite associated with a non-terrestrial network (NTN) . In some implementations, different geographic coverage areas associated with the same or different radio access technologies may overlap, but the different geographic coverage areas may be associated with different NE 102.
[0070] The one or more UE 104 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region of the wireless communications system 100. A UE 104 may include or may be referred to as a remote unit, a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a subscriber device, a transmitter device, a receiver device, or some other suitable terminology. In some implementations, the UE 104 may be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 104 may be referred to as an Internet-of-Things (IoT) device, an Internet-of-Everything (IoE) device, or machine-type communication (MTC) device, among other examples.
[0071] A UE 104 may be able to support wireless communication directly with other UEs 104 over a communication link. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a device-to-device (D2D) communication link. In some implementations, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) deployments, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) deployments, or cellular-V2X deployments, the communication link may be referred to as a sidelink. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a PC5 interface.
[0072] An NE 102 may support communications with the CN 106, or with another NE 102, or both. For example, an NE 102 may interface with other NE 102 or the CN 106 through one or more backhaul links (e.g. S1, N2, or network interface) . In some implementations, the NE 102 may communicate with each other directly. In some other implementations, the NE 102 may communicate with each other or indirectly (e.g. via the CN 106. In some implementations, one or more NE 102 may include subcomponents, such as an access network entity, which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC) . An ANC may communicate with the one or more UEs 104 through one or more other access network transmission entities, which may be referred to as a radio heads, smart radio heads, or transmission-reception points (TRPs) .
[0073] The CN 106 may support user authentication, access authorization, tracking, connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The CN 106 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) , or a 5G core (5GC) , which may include a control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g. a mobility management entity (MME) , an access and mobility management functions (AMF) ) and a user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g. a serving gateway (S-GW) , a Packet Data Network (PDN) gateway (P-GW) , or a user plane function (UPF) ) . In some implementations, the control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management (e.g. data bearers, signal bearers, etc. ) for the one or more UEs 104 served by the one or more NE 102 associated with the CN 106.
[0074] The CN 106 may communicate with a packet data network over one or more backhaul links (e.g. via an S1, N2, or another network interface) . The packet data network may include an application server. In some implementations, one or more UEs 104 may communicate with the application server. A UE 104 may establish a session (e.g. a protocol data unit (PDU) session, or the like) with the CN 106 via an NE 102. The CN 106 may route traffic (e.g. control information, data, and the like) between the UE 104 and the application server using the established session (e.g. the established PDU session) . The PDU session may be an example of a logical connection between the UE 104 and the CN 106 (e.g. one or more network functions of the CN 106) .
[0075] In the wireless communications system 100, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may use resources of the wireless communications system 100 (e.g. time resources (e.g. symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g. subcarriers, carriers) ) to perform various operations (e.g. wireless communications) . In some implementations, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support different resource structures. For example, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support different frame structures. In some implementations, such as in 4G, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support a single frame structure. In some other implementations, such as in 5G and among other suitable radio access technologies, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures (i.e., multiple frame structures) . The NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures based on one or more numerologies.
[0076] One or more numerologies may be supported in the wireless communications system 100, and a numerology may include a subcarrier spacing and a cyclic prefix. A first numerology (e.g. μ=0) may be associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g. 15 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. In some implementations, the first numerology (e.g. μ=0) associated with the first subcarrier spacing (e.g. 15 kHz) may utilize one slot per subframe. A second numerology (e.g. μ=1) may be associated with a second subcarrier spacing (e.g. 30 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A third numerology (e.g. μ=2) may be associated with a third subcarrier spacing (e.g. 60 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix or an extended cyclic prefix. A fourth numerology (e.g. μ=3) may be associated with a fourth subcarrier spacing (e.g. 120 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A fifth numerology (e.g. μ=4) may be associated with a fifth subcarrier spacing (e.g. 240 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix.
[0077] A time interval of a resource (e.g. a communication resource) may be organized according to frames (also referred to as radio frames) . Each frame may have a duration, for example, a 10 millisecond (ms) duration. In some implementations, each frame may include multiple subframes. For example, each frame may include 10 subframes, and each subframe may have a duration, for example, a 1 ms duration. In some implementations, each frame may have the same duration. In some implementations, each subframe of a frame may have the same duration.
[0078] Additionally or alternatively, a time interval of a resource (e.g. a communication resource) may be organized according to slots. For example, a subframe may include a number (e.g. quantity) of slots. The number of slots in each subframe may also depend on the one or more numerologies supported in the wireless communications system 100. For instance, the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth numerologies (i.e., μ=0, μ=1, μ=2, μ=3, μ=4) associated with respective subcarrier spacings of 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz, and 240 kHz may utilize a single slot per subframe, two slots per subframe, four slots per subframe, eight slots per subframe, and 16 slots per subframe, respectively. Each slot may include a number (e.g. quantity) of symbols (e.g. OFDM symbols) . In some implementations, the number (e.g. quantity) of slots for a subframe may depend on a numerology. For a normal cyclic prefix, a slot may include 14 symbols. For an extended cyclic prefix (e.g. applicable for 60 kHz subcarrier spacing) , a slot may include 12 symbols. The relationship between the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per subframe, and the number of slots per frame for a normal cyclic prefix and an extended cyclic prefix may depend on a numerology. It should be understood that reference to a first numerology (e.g. μ=0) associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g. 15 kHz) may be used interchangeably between subframes and slots.
[0079] In the wireless communications system 100, an electromagnetic (EM) spectrum may be split, based on frequency or wavelength, into various classes, frequency bands, frequency channels, etc. By way of example, the wireless communications system 100 may support one or multiple operating frequency bands, such as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz –7.125 GHz) , FR2 (24.25 GHz –52.6 GHz) , FR3 (7.125 GHz –24.25 GHz) , FR4 (52.6 GHz –114.25 GHz) , FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz –71 GHz) , and FR5 (114.25 GHz –300 GHz) . In some implementations, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may perform wireless communications over one or more of the operating frequency bands. In some implementations, FR1 may be used by the NEs 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for cellular communications traffic (e.g. control information, data) . In some implementations, FR2 may be used by the NEs 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for short-range, high data rate capabilities.
[0080] FR1 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g. at least three numerologies) . For example, FR1 may be associated with a first numerology (e.g. μ=0) , which includes 15 kHz subcarrier spacing; a second numerology (e.g. μ=1) , which includes 30 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a third numerology (e.g. μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing. FR2 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g. at least 2 numerologies) . For example, FR2 may be associated with a third numerology (e.g. μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a fourth numerology (e.g. μ=3) , which includes 120 kHz subcarrier spacing.
[0081] Figure 2 illustrates an example of a UE 200 in accordance with aspects of the present application. The UE 200 may include a processor 202, a memory 204, a controller 206, and a transceiver 208. The processor 202, the memory 204, the controller 206, or the transceiver 208, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present application as described herein. These components may be coupled (e.g. operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces.
[0082] The processor 202, the memory 204, the controller 206, or the transceiver 208, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g. circuitry) . The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , or other programmable logic device, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting a means for performing the functions described in the present application.
[0083] The processor 202 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g. a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, or any combination thereof) . In some implementations, the processor 202 may be configured to operate the memory 204. In some other implementations, the memory 204 may be integrated into the processor 202. The processor 202 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 204 to cause the UE 200 to perform various functions of the present application.
[0084] The memory 204 may include volatile or non-volatile memory. The memory 204 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions when executed by the processor 202 cause the UE 200 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such the memory 204 or another type of memory. Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.
[0085] In some implementations, the processor 202 and the memory 204 coupled with the processor 202 may be configured to cause the UE 200 to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g. executing, by the processor 202, instructions stored in the memory 204) . For example, the processor 202 may support wireless communication at the UE 200 in accordance with examples as disclosed with respect to Figure 5. The UE 200 may be configured to support: a means for receiving an RRC configuration including at least one of the following: information of at least one event for triggering an L1 measurement report; a condition based LTM candidate configuration associated with one or more LTM candidate cells; or a set of LTM conditions corresponding to the one or more LTM candidate cells; a means for evaluating whether an entering condition of the at least one event is fulfilled within a time window; and a means for evaluating whether an entering condition of the set of LTM conditions is fulfilled within another time window.
[0086] The controller 206 may manage input and output signals for the UE 200. The controller 206 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the UE 200. In some implementations, the controller 206 may utilize an operating system such as or other operating systems. In some implementations, the controller 206 may be implemented as part of the processor 202.
[0087] In some implementations, the UE 200 may include at least one transceiver 208. In some other implementations, the UE 200 may have more than one transceiver 208. The transceiver 208 may represent a wireless transceiver. The transceiver 208 may include one or more receiver chains 210, one or more transmitter chains 212, or a combination thereof. The means for receiving abovementioned in the processor 202 or the means for transmitting in the processor 202 may be implemented via at least one transceiver 208.
[0088] A receiver chain 210 may be configured to receive signals (e.g. control information, data, packets) over a wireless medium. For example, the receiver chain 210 may include one or more antennas for receive the signal over the air or wireless medium. The receiver chain 210 may include at least one amplifier (e.g. a low-noise amplifier (LNA) ) configured to amplify the received signal. The receiver chain 210 may include at least one demodulator configured to demodulate the receive signal and obtain the transmitted data by reversing the modulation technique applied during transmission of the signal. The receiver chain 210 may include at least one decoder for decoding the processing the demodulated signal to receive the transmitted data.
[0089] A transmitter chain 212 may be configured to generate and transmit signals (e.g. control information, data, packets) . The transmitter chain 212 may include at least one modulator for modulating data onto a carrier signal, preparing the signal for transmission over a wireless medium. The at least one modulator may be configured to support one or more techniques such as amplitude modulation (AM) , frequency modulation (FM) , or digital modulation schemes like phase-shift keying (PSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) . The transmitter chain 212 may also include at least one power amplifier configured to amplify the modulated signal to an appropriate power level suitable for transmission over the wireless medium. The transmitter chain 212 may also include one or more antennas for transmitting the amplified signal into the air or wireless medium.
[0090] Figure 3 illustrates an example of a processor 300 in accordance with aspects of the present application. The processor 300 may be an example of a processor configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 300 may include a controller 302 configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 300 may optionally include at least one memory 304, which may be, for example, an L1 / L2 / L3 cache. Additionally, or alternatively, the processor 300 may optionally include one or more arithmetic-logic units (ALUs) 306. One or more of these components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g. operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g. buses) .
[0091] The processor 300 may be a processor chipset and include a protocol stack (e.g. a software stack) executed by the processor chipset to perform various operations (e.g. receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor chipset may include one or more cores, one or more caches (e.g. memory local to or included in the processor chipset (e.g. the processor 300) or other memory (e.g. random access memory (RAM) , read-only memory (ROM) , dynamic RAM (DRAM) , synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM) , static RAM (SRAM) , ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM) , magnetic RAM (MRAM) , resistive RAM (RRAM) , flash memory, phase change memory (PCM) , and others) .
[0092] The controller 302 may be configured to manage and coordinate various operations (e.g. signaling, receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) of the processor 300 to cause the processor 300 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. For example, the controller 302 may operate as a control unit of the processor 300, generating control signals that manage the operation of various components of the processor 300. These control signals include enabling or disabling functional units, selecting data paths, initiating memory access, and coordinating timing of operations.
[0093] The controller 302 may be configured to fetch (e.g. obtain, retrieve, receive) instructions from the memory 304 and determine subsequent instruction (s) to be executed to cause the processor 300 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The controller 302 may be configured to track memory address of instructions associated with the memory 304. The controller 302 may be configured to decode instructions to determine the operation to be performed and the operands involved. For example, the controller 302 may be configured to interpret the instruction and determine control signals to be output to other components of the processor 300 to cause the processor 300 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. Additionally, or alternatively, the controller 302 may be configured to manage flow of data within the processor 300. The controller 302 may be configured to control transfer of data between registers, arithmetic logic units (ALUs) , and other functional units of the processor 300.
[0094] The memory 304 may include one or more caches (e.g. memory local to or included in the processor 300 or other memory, such RAM, ROM, DRAM, SDRAM, SRAM, MRAM, flash memory, etc. In some implementations, the memory 304 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g. local to the processor 300) . In some other implementations, the memory 304 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g. remote to the processor 300) .
[0095] The memory 304 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 300, cause the processor 300 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. The controller 302 and / or the processor 300 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 304 to cause the processor 300 to perform various functions. For example, the processor 300 and / or the controller 302 may be coupled with or to the memory 304, the processor 300, the controller 302, and the memory 304 may be configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the processor 300 may include multiple processors and the memory 304 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein.
[0096] The one or more ALUs 306 may be configured to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, the one or more ALUs 306 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g. the processor 300) . In some other implementations, the one or more ALUs 306 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g. the processor 300) . One or more ALUs 306 may perform one or more computations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division on data. For example, one or more ALUs 306 may receive input operands and an operation code, which determines an operation to be executed. One or more ALUs 306 be configured with a variety of logical and arithmetic circuits, including adders, subtractors, shifters, and logic gates, to process and manipulate the data according to the operation. Additionally, or alternatively, the one or more ALUs 306 may support logical operations such as AND, OR, exclusive-OR (XOR) , not-OR (NOR) , and not-AND (NAND) , enabling the one or more ALUs 306 to handle conditional operations, comparisons, and bitwise operations.
[0097] The processor 300 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein.
[0098] In some implementations, the processor 300 may be configured to support means for performing operations of a UE as described with respect to Figure 5. The processor 300 may be configured to or operable to support: a means for receiving an RRC configuration including at least one of the following: information of at least one event for triggering an L1 measurement report; a condition based LTM candidate configuration associated with one or more LTM candidate cells; or a set of LTM conditions corresponding to the one or more LTM candidate cells; a means for evaluating whether an entering condition of the at least one event is fulfilled within a time window; and a means for evaluating whether an entering condition of the set of LTM conditions is fulfilled within another time window.
[0099] In some implementations, the processor 300 may be configured to support means for performing operations of a BS as described with respect to Figure 6. The processor 300 may be configured to or operable to support: a means for receiving, from a UE, capability information indicating that the UE supports an event based L1 measurement report and a condition based LTM; and a means for transmitting, to the UE, an RRC configuration including at least one of the following: information of at least one event for triggering an L1 measurement report; a condition based LTM candidate configuration associated with one or more LTM candidate cells; or a set of LTM conditions corresponding to the one or more LTM candidate cells.
[0100] It should be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the components in exemplary processor 300 may be changed, for example, some of the components in exemplary processor 300 may be omitted or modified or new component (s) may be added to exemplary processor 300, without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. For example, in some embodiments, the processor 300 may not include the ALUs 306.
[0101] Figure 4 illustrates an example of a NE 400 in accordance with aspects of the present application. The NE 400 may include a processor 402, a memory 404, a controller 406, and a transceiver 408. The processor 402, the memory 404, the controller 406, or the transceiver 408, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present application as described herein. These components may be coupled (e.g. operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces.
[0102] The processor 402, the memory 404, the controller 406, or the transceiver 408, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g. circuitry) . The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , or other programmable logic device, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting a means for performing the functions described in the present application.
[0103] The processor 402 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g. a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, or any combination thereof) . In some implementations, the processor 402 may be configured to operate the memory 404. In some other implementations, the memory 404 may be integrated into the processor 402. The processor 402 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 404 to cause the NE 400 to perform various functions of the present application.
[0104] The memory 404 may include volatile or non-volatile memory. The memory 404 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions when executed by the processor 402 cause the NE 400 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such the memory 404 or another type of memory. Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.
[0105] In some implementations, the processor 402 and the memory 404 coupled with the processor 402 may be configured to cause the NE 400 to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g. executing, by the processor 402, instructions stored in the memory 404) . For example, the processor 402 may support wireless communication at the NE 400 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein.
[0106] In some implementations, the NE 400 may be a BS as described with respect to Figure 6. The NE 400 may be configured to support: a means for receiving, from a UE, capability information indicating that the UE supports an event based L1 measurement report and a condition based LTM; and a means for transmitting, to the UE, an RRC configuration including at least one of the following: information of at least one event for triggering an L1 measurement report; a condition based LTM candidate configuration associated with one or more LTM candidate cells; or a set of LTM conditions corresponding to the one or more LTM candidate cells.
[0107] The controller 406 may manage input and output signals for the NE 400. The controller 406 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the NE 400. In some implementations, the controller 406 may utilize an operating system such as or other operating systems. In some implementations, the controller 406 may be implemented as part of the processor 402.
[0108] In some implementations, the NE 400 may include at least one transceiver 408. In some other implementations, the NE 400 may have more than one transceiver 408. The transceiver 408 may represent a wireless transceiver. The transceiver 408 may include one or more receiver chains 410, one or more transmitter chains 412, or a combination thereof. The means for receiving or the means for transmitting abovementioned in the processor 402 may be implemented via at least one transceiver 408.
[0109] A receiver chain 410 may be configured to receive signals (e.g. control information, data, packets) over a wireless medium. For example, the receiver chain 410 may include one or more antennas for receive the signal over the air or wireless medium. The receiver chain 410 may include at least one amplifier (e.g. a low-noise amplifier (LNA) ) configured to amplify the received signal. The receiver chain 410 may include at least one demodulator configured to demodulate the receive signal and obtain the transmitted data by reversing the modulation technique applied during transmission of the signal. The receiver chain 410 may include at least one decoder for decoding the processing the demodulated signal to receive the transmitted data.
[0110] A transmitter chain 412 may be configured to generate and transmit signals (e.g. control information, data, packets) . The transmitter chain 412 may include at least one modulator for modulating data onto a carrier signal, preparing the signal for transmission over a wireless medium. The at least one modulator may be configured to support one or more techniques such as amplitude modulation (AM) , frequency modulation (FM) , or digital modulation schemes like phase-shift keying (PSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) . The transmitter chain 412 may also include at least one power amplifier configured to amplify the modulated signal to an appropriate power level suitable for transmission over the wireless medium. The transmitter chain 412 may also include one or more antennas for transmitting the amplified signal into the air or wireless medium.
[0111] It should be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the components in exemplary NE 400 may be changed, for example, some of the components in exemplary NE 400 may be omitted or modified or new component (s) may be added to exemplary NE 400, without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. For example, in some embodiments, the NE 400 may not include the controller 406.
[0112] Figure 5 illustrates a flowchart related to an event based L1 measurement report and a condition based LTM in accordance with aspects of the present application. The operations of the method may be implemented by a UE as described herein. In some implementations, the UE may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the UE to perform the described functions. In some implementations, aspects of operations 502, 504 and 506 may be performed by UE 200 as described with reference to Figure 2. Each of 502, 504 and 506 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein.
[0113] In the embodiments of Figure 5, a UE and a BS may be located in a terrestrial network (TN) or a non terrestrial network (NTN) . Specific examples are described in the embodiments of Figures 7-9 as follows.
[0114] At 502, the method may include receiving, by a UE (e.g. from a BS) , an RRC configuration (denoted as a first RRC configuration) including at least one of the following: (1) information of at least one event for triggering a L1 measurement report; (2) a condition based LTM candidate configuration associated with one or more LTM candidate cells, e.g. a candidate configuration of L3 event based LTM; or (3) a set of LTM conditions corresponding to the one or more LTM candidate cells. For example, the condition may include one event or two events.
[0115] At 504, the method may include evaluating, by the UE, whether an entering condition of the at least one event is fulfilled within a time window (denoted as a first time window, e.g. TTT#1) .
[0116] At 506, the method may include evaluating, by the UE, whether an entering condition of the set of LTM conditions is fulfilled within another time window (denoted as a second time window, e.g. TTT#2) .
[0117] In some implementations, the entering condition of the at least one event includes: (1) a current beam of a serving cell of the UE becomes worse than a threshold, e.g. Event #A in the embodiments of Figure 7; for example, the current beam of the serving cell may be a SSB index or a CSI-RS; (2) any beam of at least one candidate cell becomes an amount of offset better than the current beam of the serving cell, e.g. Event #B in the embodiments of Figure 7; for example, any beam of the at least one candidate cell may be a SSB index or a CSI-RS; (3) any beam of the at least one candidate cell becomes better than a threshold, e.g. Event #C in the embodiments of Figure 7; and / or (4) the current beam of the serving cell becomes worse than a threshold and any beam of the at least one candidate cell becomes better than another threshold, e.g. Event #D in the embodiments of Figure 7.
[0118] In some embodiments, the at least one event which is satisfied means that an entering condition of the at least one event is fulfilled during a time window. In some embodiments, a beam is determined as satisfied (or met) if an entering condition of the at least one event associated with this beam is fulfilled.
[0119] In some implementations, the information of the at least one event (which is received at 502) includes at least one of the following: (1) ID information of the at least one event, e.g. an event ID; (2) one or more offsets for the at least one event, e.g. Ofn or Ocn; (3) one or more hysteresis parameters for the at least one event, e.g. Hys; (4) one or more thresholds for the at least one event, e.g. Thresh; (5) one or more filter parameters for the at least one event; or (6) a length of a time window (e.g. TTT) associated with the at least one event.
[0120] In some embodiments, if the entering condition of the at least one event is fulfilled during the first time window, the UE may trigger to transmit a MAC CE (denoted as a first MAC CE) for the L1 measurement report. For example, the first MAC CE includes (1) ID information of a beam (denoted as a first beam) and (2) beam quality of the first beam, wherein the first beam is associated with the entering condition of the at least one event. In other words, the entering condition of the at least one event associated with the first beam is fulfilled, i.e. the first beam satisfies the at least one event.
[0121] The first beam, information of which is included in the first MAC CE, may refer to one or more beams. In an example, the first beam is a current beam of a serving cell which satisfies the at least one event. In another example, the first beam is at least one beam of at least one candidate cell which satisfies the at least one event. In an additional example, the first beam includes both of (1) the current beam of the serving cell which satisfies the at least one event (e.g. Event #A) and (2) at least one beam of at least one candidate cell which satisfies the at least one event (e.g. Event #B) .
[0122] In some implementations, if the entering condition of the at least one event associated with a set of beams (denoted as a first set of beams) of at least one candidate cell is fulfilled one by one in a chronological order during the first time window (i.e. the first set of beams satisfy the at least one event) , the UE may determine the first beam based on one of the followings to trigger to transmit the first MAC CE: (1) a last beam in the chronological order within the first set of beams, that triggers fulfillment of the entering condition of the at least one event; i.e. the first beam is the last beam, and the first MAC CE includes information related to the last beam; or (2) a beam with a best beam quality within the first set of beams, that triggers fulfillment of the entering condition of the at least one event; i.e. the first beam is the best beam, and the first MAC CE includes information related to the best beam; or (3) all beams of the first set of beams, i.e. the first beam are all the first set of beams, and the first MAC CE includes information related to all the first set of beams.
[0123] In some implementations, a total number of the first set of beams of the at least one candidate cell (which satisfy the at least one event) is M, a total number of beams included in the first MAC CE is K, and M and K are positive integers.
[0124] In some embodiments, if M is greater than K, information of first K beams within the first set of beams is included in the first MAC CE. For example, M=6, K=4, first 4 beams within 6 beams (e.g. beam#1 to beam#6) include beam#1 to beam#4, and information of beam#1 to beam#4 is included in the first MAC CE.
[0125] In some embodiments, if M is greater than K (e.g. M=6, K=4) , if a quality related threshold (e.g. threshold#1) is configured to the UE, and if beam quality of at least one beam within the first set of beams (e.g. beam#1 to beam#6) is greater than the quality related threshold: (1) information of the at least one beam (e.g. beam#2 and beam#5) is included in the first MAC CE; or (2) if a total number of the at least one beam (e.g. beam#2 to beam#6, i.e. total 5 beams) is greater than K, information of first K beams (e.g. beam#2 to beam#5, i.e. total 4 beams) within the at least one beam is included in the first MAC CE.
[0126] In some embodiments, if M is less than K, if a measurement result of the first set of beams (which satisfy the at least one event) and a measurement result of another set of beams (denoted as a second set of beams) of the at least one candidate cell are obtained in a same measurement instance, in addition to the ID information of the first beam and the beam quality of the first beam, the first MAC CE further includes: (1) beam ID information of all beams of the second set of beams, and beam quality of all beams of the second set of beams; or (2) beam ID information of a subset of the second set of beams, and beam quality of the subset of the second set of beams. In some cases, the second one or more beams include a current beam of a serving cell of the UE.
[0127] In an example, if M is less than K (e.g. M=3, K=4) , if the first beam (e.g. beam#1 and beam#4) is a subset selected from the first set of beams (e.g. beam#1, beam#3 and beam#4) , the second set of beams include beam#2 and beam#5, the first MAC CE may include information of beam#1, beam#4, beam#2 and beam#5. That is, all beams of the second set of beams are included in the first MAC CE.
[0128] In an example, if M is less than K (e.g. M=3, K=4) , if the first beam (e.g. beam#1, beam#3 and beam#4) is all the first set of beams (e.g. beam#1, beam#3 and beam#4) , the second set of beams include beam#2 and beam#5, the first MAC CE may include information of beam#1, beam#3 and beam#4 and beam#2 or the first MAC CE may include information of beam#1, beam#3 and beam#4 and beam#5. That is, a subset of the second set of beams are included in the first MAC CE.
[0129] In some implementations, the UE may continue evaluating both the entering condition of the at least one event and a leaving condition of the at least one event within a time window (denoted as a third time window, TTT#3) , e.g. if the UE moves back to a cell center of a serving cell.
[0130] For example, the leaving condition of the at least one event includes at least one of the following: (1) Beam quality of each beam of a candidate cell is worse than "a sum of beam quality of a current beam of a serving cell of the UE and an offset value (denoted as a first offset value) , " e.g. Mcb<Msb+offset. (2) Beam quality of a best beam of the candidate cell is worse than "a sum of the beam quality of the current beam of the serving cell and another offset value (denoted as a second offset value) . " For instance, the second offset value may be the same or different from the first offset value. (3) "A sum of the beam quality of the each beam of the candidate cell and at least one of a measurement object specific offset of the candidate cell, a cell specific offset of the candidate cell, or a hysteresis parameter of the at least one event" is less than a threshold (e.g. which is configured by network) .
[0131] In some embodiments, the leaving condition of the at least one event is further associated with at least one of the following: (1) a measurement object specific offset of the serving cell; (2) a cell specific offset of the serving cell; (3) a measurement object specific offset of the candidate cell; (4) the cell specific offset of the candidate cell; or (5) a hysteresis parameter for the at least one event.
[0132] In some implementations, if the leaving condition of the at least one event is fulfilled within the third time window, the UE may trigger to transmit a MAC CE (denoted as a second MAC CE) for the L1 measurement report. The second MAC CE may include (1) ID information of a beam (denoted as a third beam) and (2) beam quality of the third beam, wherein the third beam is associated with the leaving condition of the at least one event. In other words, the leaving condition of the at least one event associated with the third beam is fulfilled.
[0133] In some implementations, if the leaving condition of the at least one event associated with a set of beams (denoted as a third set of beams) of at least one candidate cell is fulfilled one by one in a chronological order during the third time window, the UE may determine the third beam based on one of the followings to trigger to transmit the second MAC CE: (1) a last beam in the chronological order within the third set of beams, that triggers fulfillment of the leaving condition of the at least one event; i.e. the third beam is the last beam, and the second MAC CE includes information related to the last beam; or (2) a beam with a best beam quality within the third set of beams, that triggers fulfillment of the leaving condition of the at least one event; i.e. the third beam is the best beam, and the second MAC CE includes information related to the best beam; or (3) all beams of the third set of beams, i.e., i.e. the third beam are all the third set of beams, and the second MAC CE includes information related to all the third set of beams.
[0134] In some implementations, a total number of the third set of beams of the at least one candidate cell (wherein the leaving condition of the at least one event associated with these beams is fulfilled) is X, a total number of beams included in the second MAC CE is Y, and X and Y are positive integers.
[0135] In some embodiments, if X is greater than Y, information of first Y beams within the two or more beams is included in the second MAC CE. For example, X=7, Y=3, first 3 beams within 7 beams (e.g. beam#1 to beam#7) include beam#1 to beam#3, and information of beam#1 to beam#3 is included in the second MAC CE.
[0136] In some embodiments, if X is greater than Y (e.g. X=7, Y=3) , if a quality related threshold (e.g. threshold#2) is configured to the UE, and if beam quality of at least one beam within the third set of beams (e.g. beam#1 to beam#7) is greater than the quality related threshold: (1) information of the at least one beam (e.g. beam#3, beam#6 and beam#7) is included in the second MAC CE; or (2) if a total number of the at least one beam (e.g. beam#2 to beam#5, i.e. total 4 beams) is greater than Y, information of first Y beams (e.g. beam#2 to beam#4, i.e. total 3 beams) within the at least one beam is included in the second MAC CE.
[0137] In some embodiments, if X is less than Y, if a measurement result of the third set of beams (wherein the leaving condition of the at least one event associated with these beams is fulfilled) and a measurement result of another set of beams (denoted as a fourth set of beams) of the at least one candidate cell are obtained in a same measurement instance, in addition to the ID information of the third beam and the beam quality of the third beam, the second MAC CE further includes: (1) beam ID information of all beams of the fourth set of beams, and beam quality of all beams of the fourth set of beams; or (2) beam ID information of a subset of the fourth set of beams, and beam quality of the subset of the fourth set of beams. In some cases, the fourth set of beams include a current beam of a serving cell of the UE.
[0138] In an example, if X is less than Y (e.g. X=4, Y=5) , if the third beam (e.g. beam#1, beam#4 and beam#5) is a subset selected from the third set of beams (e.g. beam#1, beam#3, beam#4 and beam#5) , the fourth set of beams include beam#2 and beam#7, the second MAC CE may include information of beam#1, beam#4, beam#5, beam#2 and beam#7. That is, all beams of the fourth set of beams are included in the second MAC CE.
[0139] In an example, if X is less than Y (e.g. X=4, Y=5) , if the third beam (e.g. beam#1, beam#3, beam#4 and beam#5) is all the third set of beams (e.g. beam#1, beam#3, beam#4 and beam#5) , the fourth set of beams include beam#2 and beam#7, the second MAC CE may include "information of beam#1, beam#3 and beam#4, beam#5 and beam#2" or "information of beam#1, beam#3 and beam#4, beam#5 and beam#7. " That is, a subset of the fourth set of beams are included in the second MAC CE.
[0140] In some implementations, the UE may receive, from a BS, information without a configuration related to the L1 measurement report, and the L1 measurement report cannot be transmitted by the UE to a source DU of the BS. For example, the UE does not report a measurement result for an L1 measurement report due to without a configuration related to the L1 measurement report. The network ensures that the source DU cannot receive an L1 measurement report for an LTM candidate cell from the UE. The source DU will not trigger LTM cell switch towards this candidate cell via an LTM cell switch command MAC CE.
[0141] In some implementations, the UE may receive an LTM cell switch command associated with an LTM candidate cell (denoted as a first LTM candidate cell) within the one or more LTM candidate cells (the associated condition based LTM candidate configuration and the corresponding set of LTM conditions are received at 502) . Once an LTM cell switch towards the first LTM candidate cell is triggered, the UE may stop evaluating the set of LTM conditions corresponding to the one or more LTM candidate cells.
[0142] In some embodiments, after completing the LTM cell switch, the UE may resume evaluating the set of LTM conditions corresponding to the one or more LTM candidate cells.
[0143] In some implementations, the set of LTM conditions corresponding to the one or more LTM candidate cells (which is received at 502) includes at least one of the following: (1) An L1 event for triggering cell switch from a serving cell of the UE towards the one or more LTM candidate cells. In some implementations, the L1 event is same as the at least one event, e.g. Event #A, Event #B, Event #C and / or Event #D. For instance, the L1 event is generated by a source DU of a BS. (2) An L3 event for triggering cell switch from the serving cell towards the one or more LTM candidate cells. For instance, the L3 event is generated by a CU of the BS. (3) A combination of the L1 event and the L3 event for triggering cell switch from the serving cell towards the one or more LTM candidate cells.
[0144] In some embodiments, the L3 event includes at least one of the following: (1) a serving cell of the UE becomes better than a threshold, e.g. Event A1; (2) the serving becomes worse than a threshold, e.g. Event A2; (3) a neighbour cell of the UE becomes offset better than a primary cell of a master or secondary cell group (SpCell) , e.g. Event A3; (4) the neighbour cell becomes better than a threshold, e.g. Event A4; (5) the SpCell becomes worse than a threshold and the neighbour cell becomes better than another threshold, e.g. Event A5; (6) the neighbour cell becomes offset better than a secondary cell (SCell) , e.g. Event A6; (7) a inter radio access technology (RAT) neighbour cell of the UE becomes better than a threshold, e.g. Event B1; (8) a primary cell (PCell) becomes worse than a threshold and the inter RAT neighbour cell becomes better than another threshold, e.g. Event B2; (9) interference becomes higher than a threshold, e.g. Event I1; (10) a new radio (NR) sidelink channel busy ratio is above a threshold, e.g. Event C1; (11) the NR sidelink channel busy ratio is below a threshold, e.g. Event C2; (12) a distance between the UE and a reference location is above a threshold and a distance between the UE and another reference location is below another threshold, e.g. Event D1; (13) a distance between the UE and a serving cell moving reference location is above a threshold and a distance between the UE and a moving reference location is below another threshold, e.g. Event D2; (14) time measured at the UE is within a duration from a threshold, e.g. CondEvent T1; (15) a serving layer-2 (L2) UE-to-network (U2N) relay UE becomes worse than a threshold and a NR cell becomes better than another threshold, e.g. Event X1; (16) the serving L2 U2N relay UE becomes worse than a threshold, e.g. Event X2; (17) the PCell becomes worse than a threshold and a candidate L2 U2N relay UE becomes better than another threshold, e.g. Event Y1; (18) the candidate L2 U2N relay UE becomes better than a threshold, e.g. Event Y2; (19) the serving L2 U2N relay UE becomes worse than a threshold and the candidate L2 U2N relay UE becomes better than another threshold, e.g. Event Z1; (20) an aerial UE altitude becomes higher than a threshold, e.g. Event H1; (21) the aerial UE altitude becomes lower than a threshold, e.g. Event H2; (22) the neighbour cell becomes offset better than the SpCell and the aerial UE altitude becomes higher than a threshold, e.g. Event A3H1; (23) the neighbour cell becomes offset better than the SpCell and the aerial UE altitude becomes lower than a threshold, e.g. Event A3H2; (24) the neighbour cell becomes better than a threshold and the aerial UE altitude becomes higher than another threshold, e.g. Event A4H1; (25) the neighbour cell becomes better than a threshold and the aerial UE altitude becomes lower than another threshold, e.g. Event A4H2; (26) the SpCell becomes worse than a threshold and neighbour becomes better than another threshold and the aerial UE altitude becomes higher than an additional threshold, e.g. Event A5H1; or (27) the SpCell becomes worse than a threshold and neighbour becomes better than another threshold and the aerial UE altitude becomes lower than an additional threshold, e.g. Event A5H2.
[0145] In an implementation that the set of LTM conditions includes the combination of the L1 event and the L3 event, a MAC layer of the UE may receive, from an RRC layer of the UE, information indicating whether an entering condition of the L3 event is fulfilled, evaluate whether an entering condition of the L1 event is fulfilled within a time window (denoted as a fourth time window, e.g. TTT#4) , and check whether both the L1 event and the L3 event are fulfilled.
[0146] In another implementation that the set of LTM conditions includes the combination of the L1 event and the L3 event, the RRC layer of the UE may receive, from the MAC layer of the UE, information indicating whether the entering condition of the L1 event is fulfilled, evaluate whether the entering condition of the L3 event is fulfilled within a time window (denoted as a fifth time window, e.g. TTT#5) , and check whether both the L1 event and the L3 event are fulfilled.
[0147] In these implementations, if both the L1 event and the L3 event are fulfilled, the UE may execute an LTM cell switch towards an LTM candidate cell (denoted as first LTM candidate cell) within the one or more LTM candidate cells, wherein the first LTM candidate cell is associated with both the L1 event and the L3 event. That is, the entering conditions of both the L1 event and the L3 event for the first LTM candidate cell are fulfilled.
[0148] In an implementation that the set of LTM conditions includes the L1 event or the L3 event, a MAC layer of the UE may evaluate whether an entering condition of the L1 event is fulfilled within a time window (denoted as a sixth time window, e.g. TTT#6) . If the entering condition of the L1 event is fulfilled within the sixth time window, the MAC layer may transmit, to an RRC layer of the UE, information indicating the RRC layer to stop evaluating an entering condition of the L3 event. Then, the UE may execute an LTM cell switch towards an LTM candidate cell (denoted as a second LTM candidate cell) within the one or more LTM candidate cells, wherein the second LTM candidate cell is associated with the L1 event. That is, the entering condition of the L1 event for the second LTM candidate cell is fulfilled.
[0149] In another implementation that the set of LTM conditions includes the L1 event or the L3 event, an RRC layer of the UE may evaluate whether an entering condition of the L3 event is fulfilled within a time window (denoted as a seventh time window, e.g. TTT#7) . If the entering condition of the L3 event is fulfilled within the seventh time window, the RRC layer may transmit, to a MAC layer of the UE, information indicating the MAC layer to stop evaluating an entering condition of the L1 event. Then, the UE may execute an LTM cell switch towards an LTM candidate cell (denoted as a third LTM candidate cell) within the one or more LTM candidate cells, wherein the third LTM candidate cell is associated with the L3 event. That is, the entering condition of the L3 event for the third LTM candidate cell is fulfilled.
[0150] In an additional implementation that the set of LTM conditions includes the L1 event or the L3 event, an RRC layer of the UE may evaluate a handover from a serving cell of the UE towards a target cell due to reception of a handover command of the target cell or due to a fulfillment of a CHO condition of the target cell. Then, the RRC layer may transmit, to a MAC layer of the UE, information indicating the MAC layer to stop evaluating the entering condition of the set of LTM conditions, and prohibit to trigger an LTM cell switch towards any of the one or more LTM candidate cells during executing the handover. Once the handover is completed, the RRC layer may transmit, to the MAC layer, information indicating the MAC layer to resume evaluating the entering condition of the set of LTM conditions.
[0151] It should be noted that the method described in Figure 5 describes possible implementations, and that the operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise eliminated or modified and that other implementations are possible, without departing from the spirit and scope of the application.
[0152] Figure 6 illustrates a flowchart related to an event based L1 measurement report and a condition based LTM in accordance with aspects of the present application. The operations of the method may be implemented by a network node as described herein. In some implementations, the network node may be a BS (e.g. a MN or a SN) , and may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the BS to perform the described functions. In some implementations, aspects of operations 602, 604 and 606 may be performed by NE 400 as described with reference to Figure 4. Each of 602, 604 and 606 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein.
[0153] In the embodiments of Figure 6, a UE and a BS may be located in a TN or a NTN. Specific examples are described in the embodiments of Figures 7-9 as follows.
[0154] At 602, the method may include receiving, by a BS from a UE, capability information indicating that the UE supports an event based L1 measurement report and a condition based LTM.
[0155] At 604, the method may include transmitting an RRC configuration (e.g. the first RRC configuration in the embodiments of Figure 5) by the BS to the UE. The RRC configuration transmitted at 604 may include the same or similar elements as those in the first RRC configuration as described in the embodiments of Figure 5. In some embodiments, the RRC configuration includes at least one of the following: (1) Information of at least one event for triggering an L1 measurement report. The at least one event may include the same or similar elements (e.g. an entering condition or a leaving condition) as those in the at least one event as described in the embodiments of Figure 5 (e.g. Event #A, Event #B, Event #C and / or Event #D in the embodiments of Figure 7) . (2) A condition based LTM candidate configuration associated with one or more LTM candidate cells. (3) A set of LTM conditions corresponding to the one or more LTM candidate cells. For example, the set of LTM conditions may include at least one of the following: a) An L1 event for triggering cell switch from a serving cell of the UE towards the one or more LTM candidate cells. For example, the L1 event is generated by a source DU of the BS. The L1 event may include the same or similar elements (e.g. an entering condition or a leaving condition) as those in the L1 event as described in the embodiments of Figure 5. In some embodiments, the L1 event is same as the at least one event (e.g. Event #A, Event #B, Event #C and / or Event #D in the embodiments of Figure 7) . b) AN L3 event for triggering cell switch from the serving cell towards the one or more LTM candidate cells. For example, the L3 event is generated by a CU of the BS. The L3 event may include the same or similar elements (e.g. an entering condition or a leaving condition) as those in the L3 event (e.g. any of Event A1, Event A2, … Event A5H2) as described in the embodiments of Figure 5. c) A combination of the L1 event and the L3 event for triggering cell switch from the serving cell towards the one or more LTM candidate cells.
[0156] In some implementations, the BS may receive a MAC CE (e.g. the first MAC CE or the second MAC CE as described in the embodiments of Figure 5) for the L1 measurement report from the UE. The MAC CE includes identifier (ID) information of a beam (denoted as a fifth beam) and beam quality of the fifth beam, and wherein the fifth beam is associated with an entering condition or a leaving condition of the at least one event.
[0157] In some implementations, if the entering condition or the leaving condition of the at least one event associated with a set of beams (denoted as a fifth set of beams) of at least one candidate cell is fulfilled one by one in a chronological order during a time window, the fifth beam include at least one of the following: a last beam in the chronological order within the fifth set of beams that triggers fulfillment of an entering condition of the at least one event; or a beam with a best beam quality within the fifth set of beams that triggers fulfillment of the entering condition of the at least one event; or all beams of the fifth set of beams.
[0158] In some implementations, a total number of the fifth set of beams of the at least one candidate cell is M, a total number of beams included in the MAC CE is K, and M and K are positive integers.
[0159] In some embodiments, if M is greater than K, information of first K beams within the fifth set of beams is included in the MAC CE.
[0160] In some other embodiments, if M is greater than K, if a quality related threshold is configured to the UE, and if beam quality of at least one beam within the fifth set of beams is greater than the quality related threshold: (1) information of the at least one beam is included in the MAC CE; or (2) if a total number of the at least one beam is greater than K, information of first K beams within the at least one beam is included in the MAC CE.
[0161] In some other embodiments, if M is less than K, and if a measurement result of the fifth set of beams and a measurement result of another set of beams (denoted as a sixth set of beams) of the at least one candidate cell are obtained in a same measurement instance, the MAC CE further includes: (1) beam ID information of all beams of the sixth set of beams, and beam quality of all beams of the sixth set of beams; or (2) beam ID information of a subset of the sixth set of beams, and beam quality of the subset of the sixth set of beams. In some implementations, the sixth set of beams include a current beam of a serving cell of the UE.
[0162] In an implementation, a CU of the BS may transmit, to a source DU of the BS, information indicating whether an LTM cell switch command associated with an LTM candidate cell within the one or more LTM candidate cells is allowed to be transmitted.
[0163] In another implementation, the CU of the BS may transmit, to the source DU, information indicating that at least one L3 event is configured for the one or more LTM candidate cells.
[0164] In an additional implementation, the CU of the BS may transmit, to the UE, information without a configuration related to the L1 measurement report, wherein the L1 measurement report cannot be received by the source DU.
[0165] In yet an additional implementation, the CU of the BS may transmit, to the UE, an LTM cell switch command associated with an LTM candidate cell (e.g. a first LTM candidate cell as described in the embodiments of Figure 5) within the one or more LTM candidate cells.
[0166] It should be noted that the method described in Figure 6 describes possible implementations, and that the operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise eliminated or modified and that other implementations are possible, without departing from the spirit and scope of the application.
[0167] Figure 7 illustrates a schematic diagram of an event based L1 measurement report and a condition based LTM in accordance with aspects of the present application. Details described in all other embodiments of the present application are applicable for the embodiments shown in Figure 7.
[0168] In 701, a UE accesses a network node via MCG only or Dual-connectivity (DC) including MCG and SCG. Namely, the UE may access a MN and a SN (which are included in the network node shown in Figure 7) via DC.
[0169] In some embodiments of 701, the UE may report the UE capability to the network node (e.g. the MN) if receiving the enquiry from the MN. For example, the UE may report: (1) information to indicate whether the UE supports an event based L1 measurement report; (2) information to indicate which event the UE supports for an L1 measurement report. In an embodiment, the event includes at least one of the following: - Event #A: Beam (s) of a serving cell becomes worse than an absolute threshold; the entering conditions defined for Event #1 may be applied for Event #A. - Event #B: Beam (s) of a candidate cell becomes amount of offset better than the beam (s) of the serving cell; the entering conditions defined for Event #2 may be applied for Event #B. - Event #C: Beam (s) of a candidate cell becomes better than an absolute threshold; the entering conditions defined for Event #3 may be applied for Event #C. - Event #D: Beam (s) of a serving cell becomes worse than absolute threshold AND Beam (s) of a candidate cell becomes better than another absolute threshold. The entering conditions defined for Event #4 may be applied for Event #D. (3) information to indicate whether to support an event based L1 measurement report based on CSI-RS; and / or (4) information to indicate whether to support an event based L1 measurement report based on SSB.
[0170] In some embodiments of 701, the UE may receive a configuration related to L1 measurement report from the MN. If DC is configured, the UE may receive the configuration related to L1 measurement report from both the MN and the SN. The configuration from the SN is configured for SCG LTM purpose.
[0171] In 702, the network node (e.g. the MN) transmits an RRC reconfiguration message including at least the L1 measurement report. For example, the RRC reconfiguration message includes at least one of the following: (1) An indication to indicate which event is used for triggering an L1 measurement report, for example, e.g., the indication is an event ID. (2) An indication to indicate whether an L1 measurement report can be triggered or not once a leaving condition is met. (3) An indication to indicate whether an L1 measurement report is periodic once an L1 measurement report is triggered. (4) An indication to indicate the number of L1 measurement report (s) if multiple L1 measurement reports are supported.
[0172] In 703, the UE starts to evaluate the event according to the configuration received in 702.
[0173] For example, if Event #B and TTT are configured to the UE, the UE may stars TTT when an entering condition of Event #B is met. The UE may continue evaluating whether the entering condition is met during TTT. In Event #B, the beam of the serving cell of the UE is the current beam which is indicated by TCI state. For Event #A, Event #C, and Event #D, the UE's behavior for any of these events may be similar or different.
[0174] In 704, the UE is triggered to report the L1 measurement results if the entering condition of at least one event associated with one or more beams is met within TTT. The UE may transmit a MAC CE which includes an L1 measurement report to the network node. For example, the MAC CE includes beam ID information and the corresponding beam quality of the one or more beams.
[0175] For example, if up to 'K' beams per neighbor cell or candidate cell can be included in the MAC CE, and for the beams included in the MAC CE, the entering condition of the event associated with the beams should be fulfilled.
[0176] In some embodiments, if TTT is per cell, the UE will keep this TTT running as long as there is at least one beam of the cell meeting an entering condition of an event (e.g. Event #A, Event #B, Event #C and / or Event #D) while the TTT is running. For example, TTT=100ms. In the first 30ms of the TTT, beam#1 of candidate cell#1 meets the entering condition of the event. In the time duration between 30ms and 60ms, beam#2 of candidate cell#1 meets the entering condition of the event. In the time duration between 60ms and 100ms, beam#3 of candidate cell#1 meets the entering condition of the event. There may be following four different options in different embodiments: - Option 1: M beams of at least one candidate cell meet the entering condition in order during TTT. The last beam triggering the entering condition within TTT is considered as the beam satisfying the event. In the above example, beam#3 can be considered as the beam to be reported in a measurement report MAC CE. - Option 2: M beams of at least one candidate cell meet the entering condition in order during TTT. The beam with the best quality among the above M beams is allowed to be included in the MAC CE. For example, if K=3, the best quality beams, i.e. beam#1, beam#2 and beam#3, are to be included in the MAC CE. - Option 3: M beams of at least one candidate cell meet the entering condition in order during TTT. All the above M beams are allowed to be included in the MAC CE. If M is greater than K, the first K beams based on beam quality can be added in the MAC CE. - Optionally, in Option 3, a threshold related to the beam quality is configured to the UE. If M beams meet the entering condition in order during TTT, only one or more beams within the M beams whose quality is greater than the configured threshold can be added in the MAC CE. - Option 4: M beams of at least one candidate cell meet the entering condition in order during TTT. If M is less than K, and if measurement results of other one or more beams (e.g. which may include the current beam of the serving cell) are obtained in the same measurement instance as measurement results of M beams, all these other beams or a subset of these other beams may also be reported along with the M beams. In other words, since M is less than K, only M beams within the reported beams in the MAC CE satisfy the entering condition of the event, while other K-M beams in the MAC CE do not satisfy the entering condition of the event. - In some embodiments in Option 4, the UE may be indicated to always include the measurement result of the current beam of the serving cell in the MAC CE.
[0177] In some other embodiments, if TTT is per beam, only one beam may meet the entering condition within TTT. Once an event is considered as satisfied, the UE is triggered to report measurement via a MAC CE. The k beams of a candidate cell will be included in the MAC CE.
[0178] In 705, after the network node receives the L1 measurement report, the network node will decide whether to trigger cell switch towards a candidate cell, e.g. an LTM cell switch.
[0179] In 706 (optional) , if the UE moves back to the cell center, the network node will not trigger cell switching. The UE will continue evaluating whether the entering condition and leaving condition of the event fulfilled.
[0180] For example, a leaving condition for Event #B may be as follows: - beam quality of each beam of candidate cell (e.g. Mcb) is worse than "a value of current beam of serving cell (e.g. Msb) plus an offset value. " - beam quality of the best beam of candidate cell (e.g. Mcb) is worse than the value of current beam of serving cell (e.g. Msb) plus an offset value.
[0181] For instance, the inequality of the leaving condition for Event #B is Mcb<Msb+offset.
[0182] In some embodiments, at least one of the following parameters may be further considered in the inequality of the leaving condition for Event #B: the measurement object specific offset of candidate cell, the cell specific offset of the candidate cell, the measurement object specific offset of the serving cell, the cell specific offset of serving cell, or the hysteresis parameter for Event #B.
[0183] For example, a leaving condition for Event #C may be as follows: - "Beam quality of each beam of a candidate cell plus at least one of 'the measurement object specific offset of candidate cell, the cell specific offset of the candidate cell, or the hysteresis parameter' for Event #C" is worse than a threshold, e.g. which is configured by the network node. - "Beam quality of the best beam of a candidate cell plus at least one of 'the measurement object specific offset of candidate cell, the cell specific offset of the candidate cell, or the hysteresis parameter' for Event #C" is worse than a threshold, e.g. which is configured by the network node.
[0184] For example, a leaving condition for Event #D may be as follows: - "Beam quality of each beam of a candidate cell plus at least one of 'the measurement object specific offset of candidate cell, the cell specific offset of the candidate cell, or the hysteresis parameter' for Event #D" is worse than a threshold, e.g. which is configured by the network node. - "Beam quality of the best beam of a candidate cell plus at least one of 'the measurement object specific offset of candidate cell, the cell specific offset of the candidate cell, or the hysteresis parameter' for Event #D" is worse than a threshold, e.g. which is configured by the network node.
[0185] In 707 (optional) , if the leaving condition of an event is met during TTT, the UE is triggered to transmit an L1 measurement report MAC CE.
[0186] For example, if up to 'Y' beams per neighbor cell or candidate cell can be included in the MAC CE, and for the beams included in the MAC CE, the leaving condition of the event associated with the beams should be fulfilled. K in 704 may be equal to Y in 707 in some embodiments.
[0187] In some embodiments, if the TTT is per cell, the UE will keep this TTT running as long as there is at least one beam of the cell meeting the leaving condition of an event (e.g. Event #B, Event #C and / or Event #D) while the TTT is running. For example, TTT=100ms. During the first 20ms, beam#1 of candidate cell#1 meets the leaving condition of the event. During the time duration between 20ms and 70ms, beam#2 of candidate cell#1 meets the leaving condition of the event. During the time duration between 70ms and 100ms, beam#3 of candidate cell#1 meets the leaving condition of the event. The one or more beams to be included in the L1 measurement report MAC CE should meet the leaving condition. There may be following four different options in different embodiments: - Option A: X beams of at least one candidate cell meet the entering condition in order during TTT. The last beam triggering the leaving condition within TTT is considered as the beam satisfying the event. In the above example, beam#3 can be considered as the beam to be reported in a measurement report MAC CE. - Option B: X beams of at least one candidate cell meet the leaving condition in order during TTT. The beam with the best quality among the above X beams is allowed to be included in the MAC CE. For example, if Y=3, the best quality beams, i.e. beam#1, beam#2 and beam#3, are to be included in the MAC CE. - Option C: X beams of at least one candidate cell meet the leaving condition in order during TTT. All the above X beams are allowed to be included in the MAC CE. If X is greater than Y, the first Y beams based on beam quality can be added in the MAC CE. - Optionally, in Option C, a threshold related to the beam quality is configured to the UE. If X beams meet the leaving condition in order during TTT, only one or more beams within the X beams whose quality is greater than the configured threshold can be added in the MAC CE. - Option D: X beams of at least one candidate cell meet the leaving condition in order during TTT. If X is less than Y, and if measurement results of other one or more beams (e.g. which may include the current beam of the serving cell) are obtained in the same measurement instance as measurement results of X beams, all these other beams or a subset of these other beams may also be reported along with the X beams. In other words, since X is less than Y, only X beams within the reported beams in the MAC CE satisfy the leaving condition of the event, while other Y-X beams in the MAC CE do not satisfy the leaving condition of the event. - In some embodiments in Option D, the UE may be indicated to always include the measurement result of the current beam of the serving cell in the MAC CE.
[0188] Figure 8 illustrates a schematic diagrams of an event based L1 measurement report and a condition based LTM in accordance with aspects of the present application. Details described in all other embodiments of the present application are applicable for the embodiments shown in Figure 8.
[0189] In 801, a UE accesses a network node via MCG only or DC including MCG and SCG. Namely, the UE may access a MN and a SN (which are included in the network node shown in Figure 8) via DC.
[0190] In some embodiments of 801, the UE may report the UE capability to the network node (e.g. the MN) if receiving the enquiry from the MN. For example, the UE may report at least one of the following at 801: (1) information to indicate whether the UE supports condition based LTM; (2) information to indicate whether the UE supports condition based MCG LTM; (3) information to indicate whether the UE supports condition based Intra-CU MCG LTM; (4) information to indicate whether the UE supports condition based Inter-CU MCG LTM; (5) information to indicate whether the UE supports condition based SCG LTM; (6) information to indicate whether the UE supports condition based Intra-CU SCG LTM; or (7) information to indicate whether the UE supports condition based Inter-CU SCG LTM.
[0191] In 802, the network node (i.e. the serving gNB, e.g. the MN or the SN) transmits a reconfiguration message (e.g. an RRC reconfiguration message) including an LTM candidate configuration and a set of execution conditions corresponding to one or more LTM candidate cells (e.g. corresponding conditions related to candidate PCells) to the UE.
[0192] In some embodiments, the serving gNB (e.g. the MN or the SN) includes a CU, a source DU managing the serving cell, and at least one candidate DU managing one or more LTM candidate cells. The source CU of the serving gNB (i.e. gNB-CU) determines to initiate condition based LTM mobility. The gNB-CU sends a request message, e.g. a UE CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message, to at least one candidate DU (e.g. candidate gNB-DU) , including the one or more target candidate cells. The request for RACH resource for early TA acquisition may also be included in the request message transmitted to the candidate gNB-DU. In addition, an indication for indicating that the request message is associated with condition based LTM (e.g. L3 condition based LTM) may be included in the request message towards the candidate gNB-DU, e.g. via F1 interface.
[0193] In some embodiments, if the candidate gNB-DU decides to accept the request of LTM configuration related to a candidate cell, the candidate gNB-DU may respond to the gNB-CU including the RRC configuration for the accepted one or more target candidate cells. The response message could be with a UE CONTEXT SETUP RESPONSE message. A RACH resource for early TA acquisition may be included in the response message transmitted to the gNB-CU.
[0194] In some embodiments, the gNB-CU will transmit the configuration to the source DU and the UE. The gNB-CU may transmit the configuration, e.g. a RACH resource for early TA acquisition, to the source DU. There may be following three different options in different embodiments: - Option X: An indication is used to indicate whether an LTM command MAC CE is allowed to trigger an LTM cell switch towards this candidate cell or not. In an implementation, the gNB-CU may transmit, to the source DU, information indicating whether an LTM cell switch command associated with an LTM candidate cell within the one or more LTM candidate cells is allowed to be transmitted. - Option Y: An indication is used to indicate that an L3 event is configured for this LTM candidate cell. In an implementation, the gNB-CU may transmit, to the source DU, information indicating that at least one L3 event is configured for the one or more LTM candidate cells. - Option Z: The network node (e.g. the MN) ensures that the source DU cannot receive an L1 measurement report for this LTM candidate cell. The source DU will not trigger an LTM cell switch towards this candidate cell via an LTM cell switch command MAC CE. In an implementation, the gNB-CU may transmit, to the UE, information without a configuration related to the L1 measurement report, and the L1 measurement report cannot be received by the source DU.
[0195] In some embodiments, the MN transmits a configuration for the LTM candidate configuration for a PCell change and the corresponding one or more execution conditions. In some other embodiments, the MN or the SN transmits the configuration for the LTM candidate configuration for PSCell change and the corresponding one or more execution conditions. For example, the UE may receive an RRC configuration message associated with one or more candidate cells for LTM configuration.
[0196] In some embodiments, the following information (e.g. event ID information) may be included in the RRC reconfiguration message: (1) an LTM candidate configuration for PCell change or MCG change, and one or more execution conditions corresponding to one or more LTM candidate cells for at least one of the following events: - Condition Event LTM#1: Beam (s) of a serving cell becomes worse than an absolute threshold; - Condition Event LTM#2: Beam (s) of a candidate cell becomes amount of offset better than beam (s) of a serving cell; - Condition Event LTM#3: Beam (s) of a candidate cell becomes better than an absolute threshold; - Condition Event LTM#4: Beam (s) of a serving cell becomes worse than an absolute threshold AND Beam (s) of a candidate cell becomes better than another absolute threshold. (2) An LTM candidate configuration for PSCell change or SCG change, and one or more execution conditions corresponding to one or more LTM candidate cells for at least one of the following events: - Condition Event LTM#1: Beam (s) of a serving cell becomes worse than an absolute threshold; - Condition Event LTM#2: Beam (s) of a candidate cell becomes amount of offset better than beam (s) of a serving cell; - Condition Event LTM#3: Beam (s) of a candidate cell becomes better than an absolute threshold; - Condition Event LTM#4: Beam (s) of a serving cell becomes worse than an absolute threshold AND Beam (s) of a candidate cell becomes better than another absolute threshold.
[0197] In 803, after the UE receives the configuration for LTM candidate configuration for PCell change or PSCell change and the one or more execution conditions corresponding to one or more LTM candidate cells, the UE starts to evaluate the execution conditions. In some embodiments, LTM candidate ID information may be included in the RRC reconfiguration message, to represent this LTM candidate cell.
[0198] In 804, the UE receives an LTM cell switch command MAC CE (e.g. LTM command #1) associated with an LTM candidate cell (e.g. the first LTM candidate cell) including an early TA value (e.g. the first early TA value) and ID information of this LTM candidate cell.
[0199] Some embodiments of the present application assume that this LTM cell switch command MAC CE is allowed for an L3 event based LTM. In 805 (optional) , after the UE receives the LTM cell switch command MAC CE, the UE may stop evaluating the set of LTM conditions corresponding to the one or more LTM candidate cells, once an LTM cell switch towards the first LTM candidate cell is triggered. In 806 (optional) , after completing the LTM cell switch, the UE may resume evaluating the set of LTM conditions corresponding to the one or more LTM candidate cells.
[0200] Figure 9 illustrates a schematic diagrams of an event based L1 measurement report and a condition based LTM in accordance with aspects of the present application. Details described in all other embodiments of the present application are applicable for the embodiments shown in Figure 9.
[0201] Following text describes different embodiments of Figure 9 in different cases, i.e. Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2.
[0202] Embodiment 1
[0203] In 901, a UE accesses a network node via MCG only or DC including MCG and SCG. Namely, the UE may access a MN and a SN (which are included in the network node shown in Figure 9) via DC.
[0204] In some embodiments of 901, the UE may report the UE capability to the network node (e.g. the MN) if receiving the enquiry from the MN. For example, the UE may report at least one of the following at 801: (1) information to indicate whether the UE supports condition based LTM; (2) information to indicate whether the UE supports condition based MCG LTM; (3) information to indicate whether the UE supports condition based Intra-CU MCG LTM; (4) information to indicate whether the UE supports condition based Inter-CU MCG LTM; (5) information to indicate whether the UE supports condition based SCG LTM; (6) information to indicate whether the UE supports condition based Intra-CU SCG LTM; or (7) information to indicate whether the UE supports condition based Inter-CU SCG LTM.
[0205] In 902, the network node (i.e. the serving gNB, e.g. the MN or the SN) transmits a reconfiguration message (e.g. an RRC reconfiguration message) including an LTM candidate configuration and a set of execution conditions corresponding to one or more LTM candidate cells (e.g. corresponding conditions related to candidate PCells) to the UE.
[0206] In some embodiments, the serving gNB (e.g. the MN or the SN) includes a CU, a source DU managing the serving cell, and at least one candidate DU managing one or more LTM candidate cells. The source CU of the serving gNB (i.e. gNB-CU) determines to initiate condition based LTM mobility. The gNB-CU sends a request message, e.g. a UE CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message, to at least one candidate DU (e.g. candidate gNB-DU) , including the one or more target candidate cells. The request for RACH resource for early TA acquisition may also be included in the request message transmitted to the candidate gNB-DU. In addition, an indication for indicating that the request message is associated with condition based LTM may be included in request message.
[0207] In some embodiments, if the candidate gNB-DU decides to accept the request of LTM configuration related to a candidate cell, the candidate gNB-DU may respond to the gNB-CU including the RRC configuration for the accepted one or more target candidate cells. The response message could be with a UE CONTEXT SETUP RESPONSE message. A RACH resource for early TA acquisition may be included in the response message transmitted to the gNB-CU.
[0208] In some embodiments, the gNB-CU will transmit the configuration to the source DU and the UE. The gNB-CU may transmit the configuration, e.g. RACH resource for early TA acquisition, to the source DU.
[0209] In some embodiments, an L1 event is generated by the source DU. For instance, the source DU may generate an L1 event based on a request from the gNB-CU.
[0210] Regarding whether the source DU should be aware of the combination of an L1 event and an L3 event, one solution is that the gNB-CU transmits a request to the source DU for L1 event generation. For example, when source CU transmits the request to source DU for L1 event generation, the gNB-CU should inform the source DU of the combined L3 event, wherein the UE is triggered to perform cell switch only the combination of both the L1 event and the L3 event is met during TTT. Then, the source DU generates the L1 event based on the L3 event. After the combination of both the L1 event and the L3 event is met during TTT, the UE may be triggered to perform the cell switch.
[0211] In some embodiments, the MN transmits a configuration for the LTM candidate configuration for a PCell change and the corresponding one or more execution conditions. In some other embodiments, the MN or the SN transmits the configuration for the LTM candidate configuration for PSCell change and the corresponding one or more execution conditions. For example, the UE may receive an RRC configuration message associated with one or more candidate cells for LTM configuration.
[0212] In some embodiments, the following information (e.g. event ID information) may be included in the RRC reconfiguration message: (1) an LTM candidate configuration for PCell change or MCG change, and one or more execution conditions corresponding to one or more LTM candidate cells for at least one of the following events: - Condition Event LTM#1: Beam (s) of a serving cell becomes worse than an absolute threshold; - Condition Event LTM#2: Beam (s) of a candidate cell becomes amount of offset better than beam (s) of a serving cell; - Condition Event LTM#3: Beam (s) of a candidate cell becomes better than an absolute threshold; - Condition Event LTM#4: Beam (s) of a serving cell becomes worse than an absolute threshold AND Beam (s) of a candidate cell becomes better than another absolute threshold. (2) An LTM candidate configuration for PSCell change or SCG change, and one or more execution conditions corresponding to one or more LTM candidate cells for at least one of the following events. - Condition Event LTM#1: Beam (s) of a serving cell becomes worse than an absolute threshold; - Condition Event LTM#2: Beam (s) of a candidate cell becomes amount of offset better than beam (s) of a serving cell; - Condition Event LTM#3: Beam (s) of a candidate cell becomes better than an absolute threshold; - Condition Event LTM#4: Beam (s) of a serving cell becomes worse than an absolute threshold AND Beam (s) of a candidate cell becomes better than another absolute threshold.
[0213] In 903, after the UE receives the configuration for LTM candidate configuration for PCell change or PSCell change and the corresponding condition related to a candidate cell, the UE starts to evaluate the condition.
[0214] In some embodiments, an MAC layer of the UE is responsible for L1 event evaluation. An RRC layer of the UE is responsible for L3 event evaluation. Regarding which layer is responsible for evaluation of combination of L1 event and L3 event, there may be following two solutions. (1) Solution 1: If the MAC layer is responsible for evaluating the combination of the L1 event and the L3 event, the RRC layer needs to indicate whether the L3 event is met to the MAC layer. Finally, the MAC layer will check whether both events (i.e. the combination of the L1 event and the L3 event) are met. (2) Solution 2: If the RRC layer is responsible for evaluating the combination of the L1 event and the L3 event, the MAC layer needs to indicate whether the L1 event is met to the RRC layer. Finally, the RRC layer will check whether both events (i.e. the combination of the L1 event and the L3 event) are met.
[0215] In 904, if the conditions including L1 event and L3 event are satisfied during TTT, the UE is triggered to perform cell switch.
[0216] Embodiment 2
[0217] In 901, a UE accesses a network node via MCG only or DC including MCG and SCG. Namely, the UE may access a MN and a SN (which are included in the network node shown in Figure 9) via DC.
[0218] In some embodiments of 901, the UE may report the UE capability to the network node (e.g. the MN) if receiving the enquiry from the MN. For example, the UE may report at least one of the following at 801: (1) information to indicate whether the UE supports condition based LTM; (2) information to indicate whether the UE supports condition based MCG LTM; (3) information to indicate whether the UE supports condition based Intra-CU MCG LTM; (4) information to indicate whether the UE supports condition based Inter-CU MCG LTM; (5) information to indicate whether the UE supports condition based SCG LTM; (6) information to indicate whether the UE supports condition based Intra-CU SCG LTM; or (7) information to indicate whether the UE supports condition based Inter-CU SCG LTM.
[0219] In 902, the network node (i.e. the serving gNB, e.g. the MN or the SN) transmits a reconfiguration message (e.g. an RRC reconfiguration message) including an LTM candidate configuration and a set of execution conditions corresponding to one or more LTM candidate cells (e.g. corresponding conditions related to candidate PCells) to the UE.
[0220] In some embodiments, the serving gNB (e.g. the MN or the SN) includes a CU, a source DU managing the serving cell, and at least one candidate DU managing one or more LTM candidate cells. The source CU of the serving gNB (i.e. gNB-CU) determines to initiate condition based LTM mobility. The gNB-CU sends a request message, e.g. a UE CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message, to at least one candidate DU (e.g. candidate gNB-DU) , including the one or more target candidate cells. The request for RACH resource for early TA acquisition may also be included in the request message transmitted to the candidate gNB-DU. In addition, an indication for indicating that the request message is associated with condition based LTM may be included in request message.
[0221] Some embodiments assume that an early TA value should be transmitted in a MAC CE that is different from an LTM cell switch command MAC CE. In these embodiments, the source DU may transmit an early TA value via a MAC CE different from an LTM cell switch command MAC CE if the LTM candidate cell is related to a condition.
[0222] In some embodiments, if the candidate gNB-DU decides to accept the request of LTM configuration related to a candidate cell, the candidate gNB-DU may respond to the gNB-CU including the RRC configuration for the accepted one or more target candidate cells. The response message could be with a UE CONTEXT SETUP RESPONSE message. A RACH resource for early TA acquisition may be included in the response message transmitted to the gNB-CU.
[0223] In some embodiments, the gNB-CU will transmit the configuration to the source DU and the UE. The gNB-CU may transmit the configuration, e.g. RACH resource for early TA acquisition, to the source DU.
[0224] In some embodiments, an L1 event is generated by the source DU. For instance, the source DU may generate an L1 event based on a request from the gNB-CU.
[0225] Regarding whether the source DU should be aware of the combination of an L1 event and an L3 event, one solution is that the gNB-CU transmits a request to the source DU for L1 event generation. For example, when source CU transmits the request to source DU for L1 event generation, the gNB-CU should inform the source DU of the combined L3 event, wherein the UE is triggered to perform cell switch only the combination of both the L1 event and the L3 event is met during TTT. Then, the source DU generates the L1 event based on the L3 event. After the combination of both the L1 event and the L3 event is met during TTT, the UE may be triggered to perform the cell switch.
[0226] In some embodiments, the MN transmits a configuration for the LTM candidate configuration for a PCell change and the corresponding one or more execution conditions. In some other embodiments, the MN or the SN transmits the configuration for the LTM candidate configuration for PSCell change and the corresponding one or more execution conditions. For example, the UE may receive an RRC configuration message associated with one or more candidate cells for LTM configuration.
[0227] In some embodiments, the following information (e.g. event ID information) may be included in the RRC reconfiguration message: (1) an LTM candidate configuration for PCell change or MCG change, and one or more execution conditions corresponding to one or more LTM candidate cells for at least one of the following events: - Condition Event LTM#1: Beam (s) of a serving cell becomes worse than an absolute threshold; - Condition Event LTM#2: Beam (s) of a candidate cell becomes amount of offset better than beam (s) of a serving cell; - Condition Event LTM#3: Beam (s) of a candidate cell becomes better than an absolute threshold; - Condition Event LTM#4: Beam (s) of a serving cell becomes worse than an absolute threshold AND Beam (s) of a candidate cell becomes better than another absolute threshold. (2) An LTM candidate configuration for PSCell change or SCG change, and one or more execution conditions corresponding to one or more LTM candidate cells for at least one of the following events. - Condition Event LTM#1: Beam (s) of a serving cell becomes worse than an absolute threshold; - Condition Event LTM#2: Beam (s) of a candidate cell becomes amount of offset better than beam (s) of a serving cell; - Condition Event LTM#3: Beam (s) of a candidate cell becomes better than an absolute threshold; - Condition Event LTM#4: Beam (s) of a serving cell becomes worse than an absolute threshold AND Beam (s) of a candidate cell becomes better than another absolute threshold.
[0228] In 903, after the UE receives the configuration for LTM candidate configuration for PCell change or PSCell change and the corresponding condition related to a candidate cell, the UE starts to evaluate the condition.
[0229] In some embodiments, an MAC layer of the UE is responsible for L1 event evaluation. An RRC layer of the UE is responsible for L3 event evaluation. If the L1 event is met within TTT, the UE is triggered to perform an LTM cell switch. The MAC layer will indicate to the RRC layer to stop evaluating the L3 event. If the L2 event is met within TTT, the UE is triggered to perform an LTM cell switch. The RRC layer will indicate to the MAC layer to stop evaluating the L1 event.
[0230] In 904, different operations may be performed in the following different embodiments, i.e. Case 1 and Case 2.
[0231] Case 1: If the L1 event or the L3 event are satisfied during TTT, the UE is triggered to perform a cell switch based on the L1 event or the L3 event.
[0232] Case 2: while the UE is evaluating an execution condition for LTM candidate cell, the UE may perform a handover due to reception of a handover command of a target cell or due to a fulfillment of a CHO condition of the target cell. When the RRC layer of the UE performs a handover (i.e. L3 handover) to the target cell, the RRC layer of the UE needs to indicate to the MAC layer of the UE to stop evaluating the entering condition of the LTM candidate configuration. Once the handover is completed, the RRC layer of the UE needs to indicate to the MAC layer to resume the evaluation of the entering condition of the LTM candidate cell. If continuing evaluating, the UE will not trigger an LTM cell switch towards any of the one or more LTM candidate cells even the corresponding entering condition is met during the ongoing the L3 handover.
[0233] In some embodiments, for NTN-NTN mobility, the interruption time and the signalling overhead are big drivers towards an efficient seamless service continuity. A RACH-less handover and satellite switch with re-synchronization procedures are introduced. However, more can be done to achieve seamless soft satellite switching and to reduce inter-cell interruption time and overhead. A RACH-less and condition based LTM can be used to achieve the above target.
[0234] Any of the above embodiments of Figures 8 and 9 can be used to a TN system and / or a NTN system.
[0235] The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make or use the application. Various modifications to the application will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the application. Thus, the application is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1.A user equipment (UE) , comprising:at least one memory; andat least one processor coupled to the at least one memory and configured to cause the UE to:receive a first radio resource control (RRC) configuration including at least one of the following:information of at least one event for triggering a layer-1 (L1) measurement report;a condition based L1 / L2-Triggered Mobility (LTM) candidate configuration associated with one or more LTM candidate cells; ora set of LTM conditions corresponding to the one or more LTM candidate cells;evaluate whether an entering condition of the at least one event is fulfilled within a first time window; andevaluate whether an entering condition of the set of LTM conditions is fulfilled within a second time window.2.The UE of claim 1, wherein the entering condition of the at least one event includes at least one of the following:a current beam of a serving cell of the UE becomes worse than a first threshold;any beam of at least one candidate cell becomes an amount of offset better than the current beam of the serving cell;any beam of the at least one candidate cell becomes better than a second threshold; orthe current beam of the serving cell becomes worse than a third threshold and any beam of the at least one candidate cell becomes better than a fourth threshold, andwherein at least one of the current beam of the serving cell or the any beam of the at least one candidate cell is:a synchronization signal block (SSB) index; ora channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) , andwherein the information of the at least one event includes at least one of the following:identifier (ID) information of the at least one event;one or more offsets for the at least one event;one or more hysteresis parameters for the at least one event;one or more thresholds for the at least one event;one or more filter parameters for the at least one event; ora length of a time window associated with the at least one event.3.The UE of claim 1, wherein if the entering condition of the at least one event is fulfilled during the first time window, the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to trigger to transmit a first medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) for the L1 measurement report, wherein the first MAC CE includes identifier (ID) information of a first beam and beam quality of the first beam, and wherein the first beam is associated with the entering condition of the at least one event.4.The UE of claim 3, wherein if the entering condition of the at least one event associated with a first set of beams is fulfilled one by one in a chronological order during the first time window, the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to determine the first beam to trigger to transmit the first MAC CE based on one of the followings:a last beam in the chronological order within the first set of beams that triggers fulfillment of the entering condition of the at least one event; ora beam with a best beam quality within the first set of beams that triggers fulfillment of the entering condition of the at least one event; orall beams of the first set of beams.5.The UE of claim 4, wherein a total number of the first set of beams is M, a total number of beams included in the first MAC CE is K, and M and K are positive integers:if M is greater than K, information of first K beams within the first set of beams is included in the first MAC CE; orif M is greater than K, if a quality related threshold is configured to the UE, and if beam quality of at least one beam within the first set of beams is greater than the quality related threshold:information of the at least one beam is included in the first MAC CE; orif a total number of the at least one beam is greater than K, information of first K beams within the at least one beam is included in the first MAC CE; orif M is less than K, and if a measurement result of the first set of beams and a measurement result of a second set of beams are obtained in a same measurement instance, the first MAC CE further includes:beam ID information of all beams of the second set of beams, and beam quality of all beams of the second set of beams; orbeam ID information of a subset of the second set of beams, and beam quality of the subset of the second set of beams.6.The UE of claim 5, wherein the second set of beams include a current beam of a serving cell of the UE.7.The UE of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to continue evaluating both the entering condition and a leaving condition of the at least one event within a third time window, and wherein the leaving condition of the at least one event includes at least one of the following:beam quality of each beam of a candidate cell is worse than a sum of beam quality of a current beam of a serving cell of the UE and a first offset value;beam quality of a best beam of the candidate cell is worse than a sum of the beam quality of the current beam of the serving cell and a second offset value; ora sum of the beam quality of the each beam of the candidate cell and at least one of a measurement object specific offset of the candidate cell, a cell specific offset of the candidate cell, or a hysteresis parameter of the at least one event is less than a threshold.8.The UE of claim 7, wherein the leaving condition of the at least one event is further associated with at least one of the following:a measurement object specific offset of the serving cell;a cell specific offset of the serving cell;a measurement object specific offset of the candidate cell;the cell specific offset of the candidate cell; ora hysteresis parameter for the at least one event.9.The UE of claim 7 or claim 8, wherein if the leaving condition of the at least one event is fulfilled within the third time window, the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to trigger to transmit a second medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) for the L1 measurement report, wherein the second MAC CE includes identifier (ID) information of a third beam and beam quality of the third beam, and wherein the third beam is associated with the leaving condition of the at least one event.10.The UE of claim 9, wherein if the leaving condition of the at least one event associated with a third set of beams is fulfilled one by one in a chronological order during the third time window, the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to determine the third beam to trigger to transmit the second MAC CE based on one of the followings:a last beam in the chronological order within the third set of beams that triggers fulfillment of the leaving condition of the at least one event; ora beam with a best beam quality within the third set of beams that triggers fulfillment of the leaving condition of the at least one event; orall beams of the third set of beams.11.The UE of claim 10, wherein a total number of the third set of beams is X, a total number of beams included in the second MAC CE is Y, and X and Y are positive integers:if X is greater than Y, information of first Y beams within the third set of beams is included in the second MAC CE; orif X is greater than Y, if a quality related threshold is configured to the UE, and if beam quality of at least one beam within the third set of beams is greater than the quality related threshold:information of the at least one beam is included in the second MAC CE; orif a total number of the at least one beam is greater than Y, information of first Y beams within the at least one beam is included in the second MAC CE; orif X is less than Y, and if a measurement result of the third set of beams and a measurement result of a fourth set of beams are obtained in a same measurement instance, the second MAC CE further includes:beam ID information of all beams of the fourth set of beams, and beam quality of all beams of the fourth set of beams; orbeam ID information of a subset of the fourth set of beams, and beam quality of the subset of the fourth set of beams .12.The UE of claim 11, wherein the fourth set of beams include a current beam of a serving cell of the UE.13.The UE of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to receive, from a base station (BS) , information without a configuration related to the L1 measurement report, and wherein the L1 measurement report cannot be transmitted by the UE to a source distributed unit (DU) of the BS.14.The UE of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to:receive an LTM cell switch command associated with a first LTM candidate cell within the one or more LTM candidate cells; andstop evaluating the set of LTM conditions corresponding to the one or more LTM candidate cells, once an LTM cell switch towards the first LTM candidate cell is triggered.15.The UE of claim 14, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to resume evaluating the set of LTM conditions corresponding to the one or more LTM candidate cells after completing the LTM cell switch.16.A base station (BS) , comprising:at least one memory; andat least one processor coupled to the at least one memory and configured to cause the BS to:receive, from a user equipment (UE) , capability information indicating that the UE supports an event based layer-1 (L1) measurement report and a condition based L1 / L2-Triggered Mobility (LTM) ; andtransmit, to the UE, a first radio resource control (RRC) configuration including at least one of the following:information of at least one event for triggering an L1 measurement report;a condition based LTM candidate configuration associated with one or more LTM candidate cells; ora set of LTM conditions corresponding to the one or more LTM candidate cells.17.The BS of claim 16, wherein an entering condition of the at least one event includes at least one of the following:a current beam of a serving cell of the UE becomes worse than a first threshold;any beam of at least one candidate cell becomes an amount of offset better than the current beam of the serving cell;any beam of the at least one candidate cell becomes better than a second threshold; orthe current beam of the serving cell becomes worse than a third threshold and any beam of the at least one candidate cell becomes better than a fourth threshold, andwherein at least one of the current beam of the serving cell or the any beam of the at least one candidate cell is:a synchronization signal block (SSB) index; ora channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) , andwherein the information of the at least one event includes at least one of the following:identifier (ID) information of the at least one event;one or more offsets for the at least one event;one or more hysteresis parameters for the at least one event;one or more thresholds for the at least one event;one or more filter parameters for the at least one event; ora length of a time window associated with the at least one event.18.The BS of claim 16, wherein a leaving condition of the at least one event includes at least one of the following:beam quality of each beam of a candidate cell is worse than a sum of beam quality of a current beam of a serving cell of the UE and a first offset value;beam quality of a best beam of the candidate cell is worse than a sum of the beam quality of the current beam of the serving cell and a second offset value; ora sum of the beam quality of the each beam of the candidate cell and at least one of a measurement object specific offset of the candidate cell, a cell specific offset of the candidate cell, or a hysteresis parameter of the at least one event is less than a threshold.19.The BS of claim 18, wherein the leaving condition of the at least one event is further associated with at least one of the following:a measurement object specific offset of the serving cell;a cell specific offset of the serving cell;a measurement object specific offset of the candidate cell;the cell specific offset of the candidate cell; ora hysteresis parameter for the at least one event.20.A method performed by a user equipment (UE) , comprising:receiving a first radio resource control (RRC) configuration including at least one of the following:information of at least one event for triggering a layer-1 (L1) measurement report;a condition based L1 / L2-Triggered Mobility (LTM) candidate configuration associated with one or more LTM candidate cells; ora set of LTM conditions corresponding to the one or more LTM candidate cells;evaluating whether an entering condition of the at least one event is fulfilled within a first time window; andevaluating whether an entering condition of the set of LTM conditions is fulfilled within a second time window.
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