Random access method and apparatus, and terminal and network-side device

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of communications. Disclosed are a random access method and apparatus, and a terminal and a network-side device. The random access method in the embodiments of the present application comprises: a terminal determining a transmission mode, wherein the transmission mode is a first transmission mode or a second transmission mode; and the terminal performing related transmission of random access corresponding to the transmission mode.

Description

Random access method, device, terminal and network side equipment

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202410216618.5 filed in China on February 27, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present application belongs to the field of communication technology, and specifically relates to a random access method, apparatus, terminal and network-side equipment. Background Art

[0004] Related technologies have introduced different transmission modes for random access by terminals. Specifically, terminals can use different transmission modes when performing random access. These different transmission modes are, for example, related to Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS) transmission. In this context, implementing random access by terminals is an urgent issue. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a random access method, apparatus, terminal, and network-side equipment, which can solve the problem of how to implement random access of a terminal when introducing different transmission modes.

[0006] In a first aspect, a random access method is provided, the method comprising:

[0007] The terminal determines a transmission mode, where the transmission mode is the first transmission mode or the second transmission mode;

[0008] The terminal performs random access related transmission corresponding to the transmission mode.

[0009] In a second aspect, a random access method is provided, the method comprising:

[0010] The network-side device determines a transmission mode for random access of the terminal, where the transmission mode is the first transmission mode or the second transmission mode;

[0011] The network side device performs random access related transmission corresponding to the transmission mode.

[0012] In a third aspect, a random access device is provided, applied to a terminal, including:

[0013] A first determining module, configured to determine a transmission mode, where the transmission mode is the first transmission mode or the second transmission mode;

[0014] The first transmission module is configured to perform random access related transmission corresponding to the transmission mode.

[0015] In a fourth aspect, a random access device is provided, which is applied to a network-side device, including:

[0016] A third determining module is configured to determine a transmission mode for random access by the terminal, where the transmission mode is the first transmission mode or the second transmission mode;

[0017] The second transmission module is configured to perform random access related transmission corresponding to the transmission mode.

[0018] In a fifth aspect, a terminal is provided, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a program or instruction that can be run on the processor, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the steps of the method described in the first aspect are implemented.

[0019] In the sixth aspect, a terminal is provided, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the processor is used to determine a transmission mode, which is a first transmission mode or a second transmission mode; and the communication interface is used to perform related transmissions of random access corresponding to the transmission mode.

[0020] In the seventh aspect, a network side device is provided, which includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores programs or instructions that can be run on the processor, and when the program or instructions are executed by the processor, the steps of the method described in the second aspect are implemented.

[0021] In the eighth aspect, a network side device is provided, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the processor is used to determine the transmission mode for random access of the terminal, the transmission mode is the first transmission mode or the second transmission mode, and the communication interface is used to perform related transmissions of the random access corresponding to the transmission mode.

[0022] In the ninth aspect, a readable storage medium is provided, on which a program or instruction is stored. When the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the steps of the method described in the first aspect are implemented, or the steps of the method described in the second aspect are implemented.

[0023] In the tenth aspect, a wireless communication system is provided, comprising: a terminal and a network side device, wherein the terminal can be used to execute the steps of the method described in the first aspect, and the network side device can be used to execute the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0024] In the eleventh aspect, a chip is provided, which includes a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or to implement the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0025] In the twelfth aspect, a computer program / program product is provided, which is stored in a storage medium and is executed by at least one processor to implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or to implement the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0026] In a thirteenth aspect, a terminal is provided, configured to implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect.

[0027] In a fourteenth aspect, a network side device is provided, which is configured to implement the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0028] Through the solution in the embodiment of the present application, the terminal can determine its own random access transmission mode, such as the first transmission mode or the second transmission mode, and perform related transmissions of the random access corresponding to the transmission mode, thereby realizing random access under the introduction of different transmission modes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] FIG1A is a block diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to embodiments of the present application;

[0030] FIG1B is a schematic diagram of a network including a RIS according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] FIG1C is a diagram of a network architecture including a RIS device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] FIG2 is a flow chart of a random access method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of beam forwarding in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] FIG4 is a flowchart of a random access method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a random access device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of another random access device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of a network-side device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0041] The terms "first", "second", etc. in this application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms used in this way are interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first" and "second" are generally of the same type, and do not limit the number of objects, for example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "or" in this application represents at least one of the connected objects. For example, "A or B" covers three options, namely, Option 1: including A but not including B; Option 2: including B but not including A; Option 3: including both A and B. The character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0042] The term "indication" in this application can be either a direct indication (or explicit indication) or an indirect indication (or implicit indication). A direct indication can be understood as the sender explicitly informing the receiver of specific information, the operation to be performed, or the requested result, etc. in the instruction sent; an indirect indication can be understood as the receiver determining the corresponding information based on the instruction sent by the sender, or making a judgment and determining the operation to be performed or the requested result, etc. based on the judgment result.

[0043] It is worth noting that the technology described in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to the Long Term Evolution (LTE) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) system, but can also be used in other wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single-carrier Frequency-Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) or other systems. The terms "system" and "network" in the embodiments of the present application are often used interchangeably, and the technology described can be used for the systems and radio technologies mentioned above, as well as for other systems and radio technologies. The following description describes a New Radio (NR) system for illustrative purposes, and NR terminology is used in most of the following description, but these technologies can also be applied to systems other than NR systems, such as 6th generation (6G) systems. th Generation, 6G) communication system.

[0044] FIG1A shows a block diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to an embodiment of the present application. The wireless communication system includes a terminal 11 and a network-side device 12. The terminal 11 can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer (Tablet Personal Computer), a laptop computer (Laptop Computer), a notebook computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a handheld computer, a netbook, an ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), a mobile internet device (MID), an augmented reality (AR), a virtual reality (VR) device, a robot, a wearable device (Wearable Device), an aircraft (flight vehicle), a vehicle user equipment (VUE), a ship-borne device, a pedestrian user equipment (PUE), a smart home (home appliances with wireless communication capabilities, such as refrigerators, televisions, washing machines, or furniture), a game console, a personal computer (PC), a teller machine, or a self-service machine, or other terminal-side devices. Wearable devices include: smart watches, smart bracelets, smart headphones, smart glasses, smart jewelry (smart bracelets, smart bracelets, smart rings, smart necklaces, smart anklets, smart anklets, etc.), smart wristbands, smart clothing, etc. Among them, the vehicle-mounted device can also be called a vehicle-mounted terminal, a vehicle-mounted controller, a vehicle-mounted module, a vehicle-mounted component, a vehicle-mounted chip or a vehicle-mounted unit, etc. It should be noted that the specific type of the terminal 11 is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. The network side device 12 may include an access network device or a core network device, wherein the access network device may also be called a radio access network (Radio Access Network, RAN) device, a radio access network function or a radio access network unit. The access network device may include a base station, a wireless local area network (WLAN) access point (AP) or a wireless fidelity (WiFi) node, etc.Among them, the base station can be referred to as Node B (NB), Evolved Node B (eNB), the next generation Node B (gNB), New Radio Node B (NR Node B), access point, Relay Base Station (RBS), Serving Base Station (SBS), Base Transceiver Station (BTS), radio base station, radio transceiver, Basic Service Set (BSS), Extended Service Set (ESS), Home Node B (HNB), Home evolved Node B (home evolved Node B), Transmission Reception Point (TRP) or other appropriate terms in the relevant field. As long as the same technical effect is achieved, the base station is not limited to specific technical vocabulary. It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, only the base station in the NR system is used as an example for introduction, and the specific type of the base station is not limited.

[0045] In order to facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present application, the following contents are first described.

[0046] Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS) are an emerging class of artificial material devices. RIS device units can dynamically or semi-statically adjust their electromagnetic properties to influence the reflection or refraction of electromagnetic waves incident on them, causing changes in the electromagnetic parameters (e.g., phase, amplitude, or polarization) of the forwarded signal (e.g., reflected signal or transmitted / refracted signal). RIS devices are composed of a large number of RIS device units. By controlling the electromagnetic properties of each RIS unit, their reflection / refraction behaviors are spatially superimposed, enabling functions such as beam scanning and beamforming.

[0047] A network containing RIS can serve both near-end and far-end terminals without using the RIS, thereby improving network coverage, as shown in Figure 1B. RIS devices can be in transparent mode, meaning that terminals do not need to know whether received or transmitted signals pass through the RIS device or use a specific beam from the RIS device. In this case, the RIS itself needs to be able to adaptively switch to the corresponding mode at any time, such as switching mode or using a specific beam transmission mode. RIS devices can also be in non-transparent mode, meaning that the RIS is visible to terminals and requires prior knowledge of the specific transmission configurations used by the RIS at different times or on different frequency resources.

[0048] The RIS device can include a control module that interacts with the base station via a wireless or wired interface. The RIS device can receive control from an upstream base station (donor), meaning the base station can control the transmission parameters of the RIS device, such as the receive / transmit beams between the RIS and the base station or between the RIS and the terminal, to improve the operating efficiency of the RIS device. As shown in Figure 1C, the network structure includes three network nodes. The intermediate network node is a RIS device that includes a terminal module (Mobile Termination, MT) and a RIS panel. The MT can establish a connection with the upstream base station, such as through a control link. The base station transmits control signaling to the RIS via the MT, and can control the transmit / receive parameters between the RIS and the base station (such as the backhaul link, BH), or the transmit / receive parameters between the RIS device and the UE (such as the access link, AL).

[0049] For networks that include RIS, signals can communicate with remote terminals via the RIS or with local terminals without using the RIS. When the RIS is in transparent mode, meaning it is invisible to the terminal, whether signals are transmitted through RIS resources is not affected by the protocol. However, this increases the requirements for the RIS itself. The RIS needs to be able to dynamically enable and adjust RIS transmission direction whenever a remote user sends a signal, and may even need to be able to parse some control signals. In this case, the RIS's functionality is similar to that of the IAB and the cost is high. Therefore, to control RIS costs, RIS functionality can be simplified, using a non-transparent RIS. This means that the RIS is visible to the terminal and requires pre-determined RIS transmission configurations at different times or on different frequency resources. When the RIS is in non-transparent mode, during random access, the terminal needs to determine different random access resources to control whether the random access signal is transmitted through the RIS. For this RIS scenario, the problem of how to implement random access in networks that include RIS needs to be solved.

[0050] To address the above-mentioned issue of how to implement random access in a network including RIS, the embodiments of the present application propose a mechanism for determining whether non-RIS transmission or RIS-based transmission, as well as related content for switching between the two, including switching conditions, switching triggers, and resource switching, thereby improving the performance of random access and optimizing the coverage performance and capacity of RIS-based cells.

[0051] In the embodiment of the present application, a physical random access channel transmission opportunity (PRACH transmission occasion) may also be referred to as a physical random access channel opportunity (PRACH Occasion), abbreviated as RO. RO refers to the time-frequency resources required for transmitting a random access-related sequence.

[0052] In an embodiment of the present application, multiple frequency division multiplexing (FDM) ROs can be configured at a time domain position for transmitting a physical random access channel (PRACH). At a given moment, multiple ROs can be used for FDM. There is an association between the RO and the actual transmitted synchronization signal / physical broadcast channel block (SS / PBCH) block (SSB) (sometimes simply referred to as SS block). One SSB may be associated with multiple ROs, or multiple SSBs may be associated with one RO.

[0053] In the embodiment of the present application, the random access process can be a contention-based random access process or a non-contention-based random access process. The random access process can be a four-step random access process (also known as a Type-1 random access process) or a two-step random access process (also known as a Type-2 random access process).

[0054] In an embodiment of the present application, the SSB may include at least one of the following modules: a synchronization signal, a broadcast signal, a broadcast channel (PBCH), a demodulation reference signal, a reference signal / synchronization signal for time domain and / or frequency domain parameter tracking, a broadcast channel for other system messages, etc.

[0055] In the embodiment of the present application, RIS can be broadly generalized to one or a group of repeaters, transmission and reception points (TRP), tags (TAGs), cells (such as non-terrestrial network (NTN) cells or small cells), integrated access backhaul (IAB) nodes, beams or other signal transmission for certain specific purposes, etc.

[0056] In the embodiments of the present application, RIS transmission resources, RIS transmission time units, RIS resources, RIS transmission time, RIS transmission frequency units, RIS transmission frequencies, etc. are resources occupied by signals transmitted through RIS, and may also be other specific signal transmission resources, such as signal transmission of a specific repeater or group of repeaters / TRPs / TAGs / cells / IABs, or transmission signal resources associated with a certain, certain, or certain group of reference signals, or certain specific transmission signal resources. The certain, certain, or certain group of reference signals here may be signals associated with RIS or other specific signal transmission resources. The specific signal transmission resources here may be specifically signal transmission resources forwarded through RIS, or, for example, signal transmission resources forwarded by a specific repeater or group of repeaters / TRPs / TAGs / cells (such as NTN or small cells) / IABs / beams.

[0057] The random access method, apparatus, terminal, and network-side device provided in the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings through some embodiments and their application scenarios.

[0058] Please refer to FIG. 2 , which is a flowchart of a random access method provided in an embodiment of the present application. The method is executed by a terminal. As shown in FIG. 2 , the method includes the following steps:

[0059] Step 21: The terminal determines a transmission mode, where the transmission mode is the first transmission mode or the second transmission mode;

[0060] Step 22: The terminal performs random access related transmission corresponding to the transmission mode.

[0061] In the embodiment of the present application, the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode are different transmission modes. The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode may be related to RIS, for example, the first transmission mode is RIS transmission, i.e., transmission based on RIS, and the second transmission mode is non-RIS transmission, i.e., transmission not based on RIS.

[0062] Optionally, the related transmission may include uplink and / or downlink transmission during the random access process, such as the transmission of message 1 (such as Msg1), message 2 (such as Msg2), message 3 (such as Msg3), message 4 (such as Msg4), message 5 (such as Msg5), message A (such as Msg A) or message B (such as Msg B).

[0063] Through the solutions in the embodiments of the present application, a terminal can determine its own random access transmission mode, such as the first transmission mode or the second transmission mode, and perform the random access-related transmission corresponding to the transmission mode, thereby implementing random access in different transmission modes. For example, when the first transmission mode is RIS transmission and the second transmission mode is non-RIS transmission, random access in a network including RIS is implemented.

[0064] In an embodiment of the present application, the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different signals. Optionally, the first transmission mode corresponds to a first signal, and the second transmission mode corresponds to a second signal, and the first signal and the second signal are, for example, a synchronization signal block (SSB), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a tracking reference signal (TRS), or a sounding reference signal (SRS). The first signal and the second signal may satisfy at least one of the following:

[0065] (1) The first signal and the second signal correspond to different time domain resources;

[0066] For example, the transmission occasions of the first signal and the second signal are different, so that the terminal can determine whether it is the first transmission mode or the second transmission mode based on different occasions; or the transmission time slots or occupied symbols within a time slot of the first signal and the second signal are different.

[0067] Taking the example of RIS transmission as the first transmission mode, the first signal as the first SSB, non-RIS transmission as the second transmission mode, and the second signal as the second SSB, the first SSB and the second SSB satisfy the requirement of having different time domain resources corresponding to the SSB of the same SSB index. For example, the transmission occasions (this is the occasion of the same SSB over multiple cycles) of the first SSB corresponding to RIS transmission and the second SSB corresponding to non-RIS transmission are different, so that the terminal can determine whether it is RIS transmission or non-RIS transmission based on different occasions. For another example, the transmission time slots of the first SSB corresponding to RIS transmission and the second SSB corresponding to non-RIS transmission are different, or the occupied symbols within a time slot of the first SSB corresponding to RIS transmission and the second SSB corresponding to non-RIS transmission are different.

[0068] (2) The first signal and the second signal correspond to different frequency domain resources;

[0069] Under (2), the terminal can determine whether to use the first transmission mode or the second transmission mode based on different frequency domain resources. Taking the case where the first transmission mode is RIS transmission, the first signal is the first SSB, the second transmission mode is non-RIS transmission, and the second signal is the second SSB as an example, the first SSB and the second SSB satisfy the different frequency domain resources corresponding to the indexed SSB under the same SSB index; when forwarding the SSB, the RIS can perform a frequency domain offset on the SSB (at this time, there are certain requirements for the processing capability of the RIS), thereby distinguishing the first SSB corresponding to the RIS transmission and the second SSB corresponding to the non-RIS transmission through different frequency domain resources.

[0070] (3) the first signal and the second signal correspond to different signal groups;

[0071] Under this (3), different signal groups can be made to correspond to different time-frequency resources, so that the terminal can distinguish different signal groups through different time-frequency resources, and then determine whether it is the first transmission mode or the second transmission mode based on different signal groups. Taking the first transmission mode as RIS transmission, the first signal as the first SSB, and the second transmission mode as non-RIS transmission, the second signal as the second SSB as an example, the first SSB and the second SSB correspond to different SSB groups; at this time, the terminal cannot distinguish which SSB group it has searched for, so different SSB groups need to correspond to different time-frequency resources, so that the terminal can distinguish the searched SSB groups.

[0072] (4) the first signal and the second signal correspond to different signal subsets within the same signal group;

[0073] Optionally, different signal subsets correspond to different signal indexes. The terminal may determine whether to use the first transmission mode or the second transmission mode based on different signal subsets according to a default agreement.

[0074] Taking the first transmission mode as RIS transmission, the first signal as the first SSB, the second transmission mode as non-RIS transmission, and the second signal as the second SSB as an example, the first SSB and the second SSB satisfy the conditions of corresponding to different SSB index sets under the same SSB grouping. Optionally, when forwarding the SSB, the RIS can implement SSBs with different indexes by shifting a certain SSB in the time domain or frequency domain, where different SSB indexes correspond to different time-frequency resource positions.

[0075] (5) The first signal and the second signal correspond to different signal types;

[0076] In this (5), the terminal can determine whether to use the first transmission mode or the second transmission mode based on different signal types. For example, if the first transmission mode is RIS transmission and the first signal is the first SSB, and the second transmission mode is non-RIS transmission and the second signal is the second SSB, the first SSB and the second SSB satisfy corresponding different signal types, such as different SSB types or SSB identifiers.

[0077] (6) A second signal is obtained after performing a first operation on the first signal.

[0078] Taking the first transmission mode as RIS transmission, the first signal as the first SSB, the second transmission mode as non-RIS transmission, and the second signal as the second SSB as an example, when RIS forwards the first SSB, a first operation can be performed on the first SSB to convert the first SSB into the second SSB.

[0079] Optionally, the first operation includes but is not limited to at least one of the following:

[0080] scrambling at least a portion of the first signal;

[0081] repeating at least a portion of the first signal;

[0082] Adjusting the time-frequency resource position of at least part of the first signal;

[0083] Part of the first signal is discarded, that is, part of the first signal is not forwarded.

[0084] It should be noted that the above examples are all described using the first signal and the second signal as SSB, but this embodiment is not limited to this. The first signal and the second signal can also be other signals such as CSI-RS, TRS or SRS.

[0085] Based on (1) to (6) above, the terminal can distinguish whether the first transmission mode or the second transmission mode is used based on the corresponding signal. Based on this, the terminal can measure the signals corresponding to the two transmission modes to determine which of the two transmission modes is more optimal for access, so as to better perform random access later.

[0086] In some embodiments, during the initial access phase, in order to determine the transmission mode to which the terminal has accessed, the terminal may determine whether it is RIS transmission or non-RIS transmission by using the transmission resources corresponding to RIS transmission and non-RIS transmission, that is, determine whether the terminal is in a RIS coverage area or a non-RIS coverage area.

[0087] For example, RIS and non-RIS transmissions correspond to different SSB transmission occasions. Assume that the base station sends a certain SSB#n. RIS forwards SSB#n using three corresponding forwarding beams, with different forwarding beams corresponding to different occasions of SSB#n. As shown in Figure 3, beam#1, beam#2, and beam#3 correspond to the three different occasions of SSB#n, with beam#1 corresponding to UE1, beam#2 to UE2, and beam#3 to UE3. RIS forwards the message using different beams at different occasions, thus implementing RIS transmission. Furthermore, non-RIS transmission can correspond to one of these occasions, such as the second occasion (corresponding to beam#2) in Figure 3, and forward the message at that occasion, thus implementing non-RIS transmission.

[0088] In an embodiment of the present application, the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode may correspond to different transmission resources so that the network and the terminal can correctly send and receive signals during the random access process. Optionally, the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different physical random access channel (PRACH) resources; the PRACH resources include at least one of a PRACH preamble resource and a physical random access channel opportunity (RO) resource.

[0089] For example, when the PRACH preamble code resources or RO resources of the terminal correspond to / are associated with the first transmission mode, the transmission mode of the terminal can be determined to be the first transmission mode; or, when the PRACH preamble code resources or RO resources of the terminal correspond to / are associated with the second transmission mode, the transmission mode of the terminal can be determined to be the second transmission mode.

[0090] Optionally, the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different PRACH preamble code resources, which may include but are not limited to at least one of the following:

[0091] The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different PRACH preamble code sets;

[0092] The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different PRACH preamble code subsets; in this case, the different PRACH preamble code subsets corresponding to the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode may be within one PRACH preamble code set;

[0093] The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different PRACH preamble code lengths.

[0094] In this way, after determining its own transmission mode (such as the first transmission mode or the second transmission mode), the terminal can initiate PRACH on the corresponding Preamble; the network side device can determine the transmission mode of the terminal based on different PRACH preamble code resources.

[0095] Taking the example of RIS transmission as the first transmission mode and non-RIS transmission as the second transmission mode, if non-RIS transmission corresponds to Preamble Subset #1 and RIS transmission corresponds to Preamble Subset #2, and both subsets belong to the same preamble set and are associated with the same SSB (but may correspond to different SSB time-frequency resources), then: when the network receives a preamble from Preamble Subset #2, it can be determined that the terminal is in RIS transmission. Conversely, when the network receives a preamble from Preamble Subset #1, it can be determined that the terminal is in non-RIS transmission. Alternatively, if non-RIS transmission corresponds to Preamble Set #1 of length #1 and RIS transmission corresponds to Preamble Set #2 of length #2, then: after receiving preamble sets of different lengths on the network, the terminal's transmission mode can be determined.

[0096] In addition to different Preambles used to distinguish the first transmission mode from the second transmission mode, different RO resources may also be used to distinguish the first transmission mode from the second transmission mode.

[0097] Optionally, the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different RO resources, which may include but are not limited to at least one of the following:

[0098] 1) The time domain resources of the RO corresponding to the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode are different; for example, the RO resources corresponding to the first transmission mode and the RO resources corresponding to the second transmission mode are multiplexed in the form of time division multiplexing (TDM);

[0099] 2) The frequency domain resources of the RO corresponding to the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode are different; for example, the RO resources corresponding to the first transmission mode and the RO resources corresponding to the second transmission mode are multiplexed in the form of frequency division multiplexing (FDM);

[0100] 3) The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different RO groups;

[0101] The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode corresponding to different RO groups can also be understood as: the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode corresponding to different RO types. When the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different RO groups, the different RO groups can meet at least one of the following conditions:

[0102] - The time-frequency resources of different RO groups are separated by X time-frequency units, where X is an integer greater than or equal to 1; when X=1, it means that the time-frequency resources of the RO group corresponding to the first transmission mode are adjacent to the time-frequency resources of the RO group corresponding to the second transmission mode;

[0103] - The time-frequency resources of the different RO groups are arranged crosswise, for example, using a comb structure.

[0104] 4) The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different RO subsets in the same RO group.

[0105] The first and second transmission modes corresponding to different RO subsets within the same RO group can also be understood as corresponding to different RO types. For example, SSB#n corresponds to an RO group, and the RIS forwards SSB#n. Assuming that this corresponds to P forwarding beams (e.g., P SSBs), the RO group is further divided into P subsets, with each forwarding beam corresponding to a subset, thereby achieving a two-stage mapping.

[0106] It should be noted that, based on the above correspondence, the signals (such as SSB) associated with different RO resources can be the same or different. When the associated signals (such as SSB) are the same (for example, the index is the same), they can be different transmission resources associated with the same signal (such as SSB), such as different transmission occasions. For example, terminal #1 initiates PRACH on RO resource #1, and terminal #2 initiates PRACH on RO resource #2. After the network side receives the PRACH of the two terminals on the RO resource, it can determine their transmission mode, thereby determining the scheduling of subsequent transmissions, such as the transmission of random access response RAR. In addition, the benefit of TDM multiplexing of different RO resources is that it is conducive to RIS to adjust the beam, so that it can better forward the signal. The benefit of FDM multiplexing of different RO resources is that it can ensure faster random access of terminals, but there may be certain requirements for the complexity of RIS.

[0107] Optionally, for low-cost RIS, due to its limited forwarding capability, for example, the preparation time for switching beams is long, some constraints can be placed on its corresponding RO resources. In some embodiments, the first transmission mode (such as RIS transmission) can meet at least one of the following conditions:

[0108] - Different ROs corresponding to the first transmission mode are separated by x time domain units, where x is an integer greater than or equal to 1; the time domain unit may be a frame, a subframe, a time slot, a symbol, etc.;

[0109] - Different RO groups corresponding to the first transmission mode are separated by y time domain units, where y is an integer greater than or equal to 1; in this case, one RO group is located in the same time domain unit. The time domain unit can be a frame, a subframe, a time slot, a symbol, etc.

[0110] In this way, the above-mentioned time domain interval can provide sufficient preparation time for signal forwarding, such as providing sufficient preparation time for RIS to adjust the forwarding beam.

[0111] In an embodiment of the present application, to determine the transmission mode, the terminal may measure at least one of a first signal corresponding to a first transmission mode and a second signal corresponding to a second transmission mode. For example, the terminal may measure only the first signal corresponding to the first transmission mode; or, the terminal may measure only the second signal corresponding to the second transmission mode; or, the terminal may measure the first signal corresponding to the first transmission mode and the second signal corresponding to the second transmission mode. The first and second signals may be, for example, SSB, CSI-RS, TRS, or SRS.

[0112] Optionally, the random access method in the embodiment of the present application may further include:

[0113] The terminal determines, based on first information or a first condition, to measure at least one of a first signal corresponding to a first transmission mode and a second signal corresponding to a second transmission mode. The first information may be information carried in an SSB. The first condition may be configured based on actual needs or a protocol default agreement.

[0114] Optionally, the first information may include at least one of the following:

[0115] Signal-related information, Master Information Block (MIB), other system messages (OSI), and Layer 1 payload (L1-payload). For example, the signal-related information may include, but is not limited to, synchronization signals, signal indexes, demodulation reference signal (DMRS) sequences, time-frequency resources, etc.

[0116] In some embodiments, the terminal may determine, based on information carried in the SSB, whether to measure at least one of the SSB corresponding to the first transmission mode (e.g., RIS transmission) and the SSB corresponding to the second transmission mode (e.g., non-RIS transmission). For example, when the terminal measures an SSB, the SSB may correspond to either RIS transmission or non-RIS transmission, and if the MIB indicates that all SSBs need to be measured, the terminal measures both the SSB corresponding to RIS transmission and the SSB corresponding to non-RIS transmission. If the MIB indicates that only the SSB corresponding to the transmission mode corresponding to the current SSB should be measured, then only the SSB corresponding to either RIS transmission or non-RIS transmission needs to be measured.

[0117] Optionally, the terminal determining, based on the first condition, to measure at least one of the first signal corresponding to the first transmission mode and the second signal corresponding to the second transmission mode may include at least one of the following:

[0118] (a) When a signal quality corresponding to a first measurement satisfies a first condition, the terminal determines to measure only a signal corresponding to the transmission mode during the first measurement; the transmission mode during the first measurement is the first transmission mode or the second transmission mode;

[0119] (b) When the signal quality corresponding to the first measurement does not meet the first condition, the terminal continues to measure the signal corresponding to a transmission mode different from the transmission mode during the first measurement; the transmission mode during the first measurement is the first transmission mode or the second transmission mode. For example, if the transmission mode during the first measurement is the first transmission mode, the terminal continues to measure the signal corresponding to the second transmission mode; or if the transmission mode during the first measurement is the second transmission mode, the terminal continues to measure the signal corresponding to the first transmission mode.

[0120] Optionally, the first condition includes at least one of the following:

[0121] The signal quality of the optimal signal in the first measurement is less than or equal to the first value; the optimal signal may be the first signal corresponding to the first transmission mode, or the second signal corresponding to the second transmission mode;

[0122] The average signal quality of the plurality of signals in the first measurement is less than or equal to a second value; the signal may be a first signal corresponding to the first transmission mode, or a second signal corresponding to the second transmission mode;

[0123] The signal quality of the worst signal in the first measurement is less than or equal to a third value; the worst signal may be the first signal corresponding to the first transmission mode, or the second signal corresponding to the second transmission mode.

[0124] In this way, determining the measurement of the signal corresponding to the first transmission mode / the second transmission mode based on the condition is conducive to faster initial access of the terminal and reduces the complexity of signal measurement by the terminal.

[0125] It should be noted that the sizes of the first value, the second value, and the third value can be configured based on actual needs or default agreements. The signal quality can be selected as but not limited to Reference Signal Receiving Power (RSRP), Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), etc.

[0126] For example, the terminal may determine to measure one of the SSBs corresponding to RIS transmission and non-RIS transmission based on a first condition:

[0127] In case 1, the terminal first measures the SSB corresponding to non-RIS transmission: when the measurement result meets the first condition, the terminal selects the optimal SSB corresponding to non-RIS transmission and does not measure the SSB corresponding to RIS transmission; or, when the measurement result does not meet the first condition, the terminal continues to measure the SSB corresponding to RIS transmission and selects the optimal SSB among them;

[0128] In the second case, the terminal first measures the SSB corresponding to RIS transmission: when the measurement result meets the first condition, the optimal SSB corresponding to RIS transmission is selected, and the SSB corresponding to non-RIS transmission is not measured; alternatively, when the measurement result does not meet the first condition, the terminal continues to measure the SSB corresponding to non-RIS transmission and selects the optimal SSB.

[0129] Therefore, the terminal determines the measurement of SSB based on the conditions, which is conducive to the terminal performing initial access more quickly and reduces the complexity of the terminal measuring SSB.

[0130] Optionally, the first condition may include one of the following: the RSRP / RSRQ of the best SSB is less than or equal to a first threshold; the average RSRP / average RSRQ of multiple SSBs is less than or equal to a second threshold; the RSRP / RSRQ of the worst SSB is less than or equal to a third threshold.

[0131] For example, when RIS transmission and non-RIS transmission correspond to different SSB groups, the best SSB, multiple SSBs, and worst SSB all refer to SSBs in a certain SSB group.

[0132] For another example, when RIS and non-RIS transmissions correspond to the same SSB group but different SSB index sets, the optimal SSB, multiple SSBs, and worst SSB all refer to the SSBs in the SSB index sets corresponding to RIS and non-RIS transmissions, respectively. Similar definitions apply to cases where RIS and non-RIS transmissions correspond to the same SSB index but different SSB time / frequency domain resources, and are not further elaborated here.

[0133] It should be noted that the above example is described using the first signal and the second signal as SSB, but this embodiment is not limited thereto. RIS transmission and non-RIS transmission can also be performed through signals such as CSI-RS, TRS or SRS.

[0134] In the embodiment of the present application, after the terminal determines the transmission mode (such as the first transmission mode or the second transmission mode) to which it is to access, the terminal may initiate random access accordingly. At this time, the terminal needs to determine the corresponding random access resource.

[0135] Optionally, the terminal may determine a PRACH resource associated with at least one of the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode through second information; the second information may include at least one of the following: signal-related information, MIB, OSI, and L1-payload. For example, the signal-related information may include, but is not limited to, a synchronization signal, a signal index, a DMRS sequence, and time-frequency resources.

[0136] For example, the terminal may determine the RO resources associated with RIS transmission or non-RIS transmission through the association relationship between the SSB-related information and the RO resources agreed upon in the protocol; alternatively, it may be obtained through a broadcast message, that is, the association relationship between the RO resources and RIS transmission / non-RIS transmission is configured in the broadcast message; alternatively, the RO resources associated with RIS transmission or non-RIS transmission may be determined in combination with the protocol agreement and the broadcast message.

[0137] Optionally, for other messages in the random process, such as Msg 2, Msg 3, Msg 4, Msg A, or Msg B, the transmission resources corresponding to RIS transmission and non-RIS transmission may also be different.

[0138] Optionally, the random access method in the embodiment of the present application may further include:

[0139] The terminal switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode. This switching can be understood as the terminal determining the transmission mode corresponding to the relevant transmission in different random access phases. This switching can also include re-initiating random access in the switched transmission mode, such as sending a new preamble.

[0140] The above-mentioned terminal's related transmission of random access corresponding to the transmission mode may include: related transmission of random access corresponding to the transmission mode after the terminal switches. The related transmission may include uplink and / or downlink transmission during the random access process, such as transmission of Msg 2, Msg 3, Msg 4, Msg A, or Msg B.

[0141] In this way, by switching between different transmission modes, the efficiency and performance of random access, as well as the cell coverage performance and capacity can be effectively improved.

[0142] Optionally, during the random access process, if the terminal undergoes certain changes, such as rotation, movement, or being blocked, the terminal can switch between the first transmission mode (such as RIS transmission) and the second transmission mode (such as non-RIS transmission) to ensure normal communication.

[0143] Optionally, the terminal may switch between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode at different nodes according to the different random access stages in which the terminal is located. The switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode by the terminal may include at least one of the following:

[0144] ① Before initiating random access, the terminal switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode; for example, before sending Msg1 or Msg A, the terminal switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode;

[0145] ② After sending a random access request and before receiving a random access response (such as Msg2 or Msg B), the terminal switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode;

[0146] ③ After receiving the random access response and before sending message 3 (such as Msg3), the terminal switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode;

[0147] ④ After sending message 3 (such as Msg3) and before receiving message 4 (such as Msg4), the terminal switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode. In some cases, the terminal may never receive a response to Msg3, i.e., Msg4. The terminal assumes that Msg 3 has failed to be sent and switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode.

[0148] ⑤ During the retransmission process of the random access message, the terminal switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode.

[0149] In this way, with the help of various switching nodes, the efficiency and performance of random access are improved.

[0150] It should be noted that for the switching situations ① to ⑤ above, after the switching occurs, the terminal and the network side need to switch the transmission resources of each stage of random access, so as to enable smooth switching between the first transmission mode (such as RIS transmission) and the second transmission mode (such as non-RIS transmission).

[0151] In the embodiment of the present application, the terminal can switch between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode under different switching conditions. The switching condition may be related to the random access phase in which the switching occurs.

[0152] For example, before initiating random access, the terminal finds that the measurement result (such as RSRP / RSRQ) of the signal (such as SSB) corresponding to the first transmission mode (such as RIS transmission) is better than the measurement result (such as RSRP / RSRQ) of the signal (such as SSB) corresponding to the second transmission mode (such as non-RIS transmission), then the terminal can autonomously make an access attempt on the more optimal first transmission mode; or, if the terminal finds that the measurement result (such as RSRP / RSRQ) of the signal (such as SSB) corresponding to the second transmission mode (such as non-RIS transmission) is better than the measurement result (such as RSRP / RSRQ) of the signal (such as SSB) corresponding to the first transmission mode (such as RIS transmission), then the terminal can autonomously make an access attempt on the more optimal second transmission mode.

[0153] Optionally, the switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode by the terminal may include:

[0154] The terminal switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode when a second condition is met; the second condition includes at least one of the following:

[0155] - the terminal completes sending N preamble codes or third signals, where the third signal is the first signal corresponding to the first transmission mode or the second signal corresponding to the second transmission mode, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 1; at this time, random access cannot be completed or a random access response cannot be received;

[0156] - the terminal completes sending all preambles or third signals, where the third signal is the first signal corresponding to the first transmission mode or the second signal corresponding to the second transmission mode; at this time, random access cannot be completed or a random access response cannot be received;

[0157] - The terminal completes all retransmissions of the preamble; at this time, it is still unable to complete random access or receive a random access response;

[0158] - The terminal completes random access initiation on M ROs, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 1; at this time, the random access is still unable to be completed or a random access response is received;

[0159] - The terminal completes initiating random access on all ROs within a period; at this time, the random access is still unable to be completed or a random access response is received;

[0160] - The time for the terminal to initiate random access exceeds the first time window; the first time window is used to limit the successful transmission and reception time of the PRACH; at this time, the random access cannot be completed or a random access response cannot be received;

[0161] - The terminal cannot correctly receive the random access response within the random access response window, which may include multiple retransmissions of the RAR, that is, reaching the retransmission number of the RAR.

[0162] For example, after sending the random access request and before receiving the random access response (such as Msg2 or Msg B), the terminal may switch between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode when the second condition is met.

[0163] For example, assuming that after measuring the SSBs corresponding to RIS transmission and non-RIS transmission, the terminal finally determines that the reception quality (such as RSRP / RSRQ) of the SSB corresponding to RIS transmission is better, it can be determined to perform random access based on RIS transmission and send the corresponding Preamble on the corresponding RO resource; however, if the terminal still cannot successfully receive RAR / MsgB, it can try to switch to random access of non-RIS transmission and resend the corresponding Preamble.

[0164] Optionally, the switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode by the terminal may include at least one of the following:

[0165] The terminal switches the preamble associated with the first transmission mode and the preamble associated with the second transmission mode;

[0166] The terminal switches the RO resources associated with the first transmission mode and the RO resources associated with the second transmission mode;

[0167] The terminal switches a first signal corresponding to the first transmission mode and a second signal corresponding to the second transmission mode.

[0168] For example, after sending a random access request and before receiving a random access response (such as Msg2 or Msg B), the terminal can perform at least one of the following: switching the preamble code associated with the first transmission mode and the preamble code associated with the second transmission mode; switching the RO resources associated with the first transmission mode and the RO resources associated with the second transmission mode; switching the first signal corresponding to the first transmission mode and the second signal corresponding to the second transmission mode.

[0169] Optionally, the switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode by the terminal may include:

[0170] The terminal switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode when a third condition is met; the third condition includes: the reception quality of the random access response (RAR) is less than or equal to a fourth value. The reception quality may include RSRP, RSRQ, or block error rate (BLER). The fourth value may be configured based on actual needs or a default agreement.

[0171] For example, the terminal may determine whether to switch between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode based on the reception quality of the random access response.

[0172] For example, after receiving the random access response and before sending message 3 (such as Msg3), the terminal may switch between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode when the third condition is met. For example, when the terminal finds that the quality of the received RAR is poor, it may attempt to switch between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode.

[0173] Optionally, when the terminal switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode, it may send a fourth signal, which is used to inform the network side device of the spatial relationship of receiving the random access message 3 (such as Msg3). The spatial relationship may include a beam, a spatial filter, etc.

[0174] For example, after receiving the random access response and before sending message 3 (such as Msg3), the terminal can send a fourth signal to the network side device to inform the network side device of the spatial relationship for receiving Msg3 so that it can correctly receive Msg3.

[0175] Optionally, the fourth signal may include at least one of the following:

[0176] Preamble; This preamble can be the preamble corresponding to the transmission mode before switching, or the preamble corresponding to the transmission mode after switching. For example, if the terminal is currently in the first transmission mode (such as RIS transmission) and wants to switch to the second transmission mode (such as non-RIS transmission), the terminal can send a preamble corresponding to the second transmission mode (such as non-RIS transmission) on the corresponding RO to inform the network of the beam receiving Msg3. After receiving the preamble, the network can determine that the beam of Msg3 will change, and thus adjust the beam receiving Msg3.

[0177] Sounding Reference Signal (SRS); this SRS can be the SRS corresponding to the transmission mode before switching or the SRS corresponding to the transmission mode after switching. For example, different SRSs correspond to different beams, so by sending the corresponding SRS, the network is informed of the beam receiving Msg3.

[0178] In this way, by sending the fourth signal, the network side can adjust the corresponding beam, spatial filter, etc. when receiving Msg3, so as to receive Msg3.

[0179] Optionally, the switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode by the terminal may include:

[0180] The terminal switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode when a fourth condition is met; the fourth condition includes at least one of the following:

[0181] - The terminal completes K random access retransmissions of message 3, where K is an integer greater than or equal to 1; and is unable to receive message 4 at this time;

[0182] - The terminal is unable to receive random access message 4 (eg, Msg4) within the second time window, for example, including multiple retransmissions of Msg4, that is, reaching the retransmission count of Msg4. The second time window is a time window for receiving Msg4.

[0183] For example, the terminal may switch between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode after sending message 3 (such as Msg3) and before receiving message 4 (such as Msg4) when the fourth condition is met.

[0184] Optionally, the switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode by the terminal may include at least one of the following:

[0185] - The terminal switches between resources for sending random access message 3 associated with the first transmission mode and resources for sending random access message 3 associated with the second transmission mode;

[0186] - The terminal switches the spatial relationship of sending random access message 3 associated with the first transmission mode and the spatial relationship of sending random access message 3 associated with the second transmission mode. The spatial relationship includes, for example, a beam, a spatial filter, and the like.

[0187] For example, after sending Msg3 and before receiving Msg4, the terminal can perform at least one of the following: switching the resources for sending Msg3 associated with the first transmission mode and the resources for sending Msg3 associated with the second transmission mode; switching the beam / spatial filter for sending Msg3 associated with the first transmission mode and the beam / spatial filter for sending Msg3 associated with the second transmission mode.

[0188] Optionally, the switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode by the terminal may include:

[0189] During retransmission of the random access message, the terminal switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode when a fifth condition is met; the fifth condition includes at least one of the following:

[0190] 1) The number of retransmissions of random access message 2 (e.g., Msg2), message 4 (e.g., Msg4), or message B (e.g., Msg B) reaches a fifth value; the fifth value may be preset based on actual needs;

[0191] 2) The terminal retransmits the random access message 3 (eg, Msg3); for example, the number of retransmissions of Msg3 reaches a preset threshold, or the terminal actively triggers switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode.

[0192] For example, the terminal may switch between a first transmission mode (such as RIS transmission) and a second transmission mode (such as non-RIS transmission) during the process of sending Msg3.

[0193] It should be noted that the second condition, the third condition, the fourth condition and the fifth condition mentioned above may be protocol defaults or network-side configurations, and are not limited thereto.

[0194] In some embodiments, the switching between the first transmission mode (eg, RIS transmission) and the second transmission mode (eg, non-RIS transmission) may be triggered by the network side.

[0195] Optionally, the switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode by the terminal may include:

[0196] The terminal switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode according to a first message received from the network device. The first message is, for example, a random access response, that is, carrying switching information through a RAR, such as for switching of Msg3 or for switching of Msg4 / Msg B. In addition, the first message may also include downlink signals such as Msg4, Msg B, and SSB.

[0197] Please refer to FIG4 , which is a flowchart of a random access method provided in an embodiment of the present application. The method is performed by a network-side device. As shown in FIG4 , the method includes the following steps:

[0198] Step 41: The network-side device determines a transmission mode for random access of the terminal, where the transmission mode is the first transmission mode or the second transmission mode.

[0199] Step 42: The network side device performs random access related transmission corresponding to the transmission mode.

[0200] In the embodiment of the present application, the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode are different transmission modes. The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode may be related to RIS, for example, the first transmission mode is RIS transmission, i.e., transmission based on RIS, and the second transmission mode is non-RIS transmission, i.e., transmission not based on RIS.

[0201] Optionally, the related transmission may include uplink and / or downlink transmission during the random access process, such as the transmission of message 1 (such as Msg1), message 2 (such as Msg2), message 3 (such as Msg3), message 4 (such as Msg4), message 5 (such as Msg5), message A (such as Msg A) or message B (such as Msg B).

[0202] Through the scheme in the embodiment of the present application, the transmission mode for random access of the terminal can be determined, such as the first transmission mode (such as RIS transmission) or the second transmission mode (such as non-RIS transmission), and the relevant transmission of random access corresponding to the transmission mode is performed, thereby realizing random access under a network including RIS.

[0203] Optionally, the above step 41 may include: the network side device determines the transmission mode for random access of the terminal based on the PRACH resource associated with the received signal; the PRACH resource includes at least one of a PRACH preamble code resource and an RO resource.

[0204] For example, when the PRACH preamble code resource or RO resource associated with the received signal corresponds / associated with the first transmission mode, it can be determined that the transmission mode of the terminal is the first transmission mode; or, when the PRACH preamble code resource or RO resource associated with the received signal corresponds / associated with the second transmission mode, it can be determined that the transmission mode of the terminal is the second transmission mode.

[0205] Optionally, the first transmission mode corresponds to a first signal, and the second transmission mode corresponds to a second signal, where the first signal and the second signal are, for example, SSB, CSI-RS, TRS, or SRS. The first signal and the second signal may satisfy at least one of the following:

[0206] The first signal and the second signal correspond to different time domain resources;

[0207] The first signal and the second signal correspond to different frequency domain resources;

[0208] The first signal and the second signal correspond to different signal groups;

[0209] The first signal and the second signal correspond to different signal subsets within the same signal group;

[0210] The first signal and the second signal correspond to different signal types;

[0211] The second signal is obtained by performing a first operation on the first signal.

[0212] It should be noted that the specific conditions for satisfying the first signal and the second signal can be found in the above embodiments and will not be described in detail here.

[0213] Optionally, the first operation includes but is not limited to at least one of the following:

[0214] scrambling at least a portion of the first signal;

[0215] repeating at least a portion of the first signal;

[0216] Adjusting the time-frequency resource positions of at least part of the first signal;

[0217] Part of the first signal is discarded.

[0218] In an embodiment of the present application, the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode may correspond to different transmission resources so that the network and the terminal can correctly send and receive signals during the random access process. Optionally, the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different PRACH resources; the PRACH resources include at least one of a PRACH preamble resource and a physical random access channel opportunity (RO) resource.

[0219] Optionally, the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different PRACH preamble code resources, which may include but are not limited to at least one of the following:

[0220] The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different PRACH preamble code sets;

[0221] The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different PRACH preamble code subsets; in this case, the different PRACH preamble code subsets corresponding to the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode may be within one PRACH preamble code set;

[0222] The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different PRACH preamble code lengths.

[0223] In this way, after determining its own transmission mode (such as the first transmission mode or the second transmission mode), the terminal can initiate PRACH on the corresponding Preamble; the network side device can determine the transmission mode of the terminal based on different PRACH preamble code resources.

[0224] In addition to different Preambles used to distinguish the first transmission mode from the second transmission mode, different RO resources may also be used to distinguish the first transmission mode from the second transmission mode.

[0225] Optionally, the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different RO resources, which may include but are not limited to at least one of the following:

[0226] 1) The time domain resources of the RO corresponding to the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode are different; for example, the RO resources corresponding to the first transmission mode and the RO resources corresponding to the second transmission mode are multiplexed in the form of time division multiplexing (TDM);

[0227] 2) The frequency domain resources of the RO corresponding to the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode are different; for example, the RO resources corresponding to the first transmission mode and the RO resources corresponding to the second transmission mode are multiplexed in the form of frequency division multiplexing (FDM);

[0228] 3) The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different RO groups;

[0229] The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode corresponding to different RO groups can also be understood as: the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode corresponding to different RO types. When the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different RO groups, the different RO groups can meet at least one of the following conditions:

[0230] - The time-frequency resources of different RO groups are separated by X time-frequency units, where X is an integer greater than or equal to 1; when X=1, it means that the time-frequency resources of the RO group corresponding to the first transmission mode are adjacent to the time-frequency resources of the RO group corresponding to the second transmission mode;

[0231] - The time-frequency resources of the different RO groups are arranged crosswise, for example, using a comb structure.

[0232] 4) The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different RO subsets in the same RO group.

[0233] The first and second transmission modes corresponding to different RO subsets within the same RO group can also be understood as corresponding to different RO types. For example, SSB#n corresponds to an RO group, and the RIS forwards SSB#n. Assuming that this corresponds to P forwarding beams (e.g., P SSBs), the RO group is further divided into P subsets, with each forwarding beam corresponding to a subset, thereby achieving a two-stage mapping.

[0234] It should be noted that, based on the above correspondence, the signals (such as SSB) associated with different RO resources can be the same or different. When the associated signals (such as SSB) are the same (for example, the same index), they can be different transmission resources associated with the same signal (such as SSB), such as different transmission occasions.

[0235] Optionally, the random access method in the embodiment of the present application may further include:

[0236] The network side device switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode. This switching can be understood as: the network side device determines the transmission mode corresponding to the relevant transmission in different random access phases.

[0237] The above-mentioned network side device performs related transmission of random access corresponding to the transmission mode, which may include: related transmission of random access corresponding to the transmission mode after the network side device switches. The related transmission may include uplink and / or downlink transmission during the random access process, such as the transmission of Msg 2, Msg 3, Msg 4, Msg A, or Msg B.

[0238] In this way, by switching between different transmission modes, the efficiency and performance of random access, as well as the cell coverage performance and capacity can be effectively improved.

[0239] Optionally, according to the different random access stages of the terminal, switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode can be performed at different nodes. The switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode performed by the network side device may include at least one of the following:

[0240] Before the terminal initiates random access, the network-side device switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode; for example, before the terminal sends Msg1 or Msg A, the network-side device switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode;

[0241] After the terminal sends the random access request and before receiving the random access response, the network side device switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode;

[0242] After the terminal receives the random access response and before sending message 3, the network side device switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode;

[0243] After the terminal sends message 3 and before receiving message 4, the network-side device switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode;

[0244] During the retransmission of the random access message by the terminal, the network-side device switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode.

[0245] In this way, with the help of various switching nodes, the efficiency and performance of random access are improved.

[0246] It should be noted that for the above switching situation, after the switching occurs, the terminal and the network side need to switch the transmission resources of each stage of random access, so as to smoothly switch between the first transmission mode (such as RIS transmission) and the second transmission mode (such as non-RIS transmission).

[0247] In an embodiment of the present application, the network-side device may switch between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode under different switching conditions. The switching condition may be related to the random access phase in which the switching occurs. The switching condition may be determined based on a signal / message sent by the terminal.

[0248] Optionally, the switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode performed by the network-side device may include:

[0249] When the terminal meets a second condition, the network-side device switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode; the second condition includes at least one of the following:

[0250] - the terminal completes sending N preamble codes or third signals, where the third signal is the first signal corresponding to the first transmission mode or the second signal corresponding to the second transmission mode, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 1; at this time, random access cannot be completed or a random access response cannot be received;

[0251] - the terminal completes sending all preambles or third signals, where the third signal is the first signal corresponding to the first transmission mode or the second signal corresponding to the second transmission mode; at this time, random access cannot be completed or a random access response cannot be received;

[0252] - The terminal completes all retransmissions of the preamble; at this time, it is still unable to complete random access or receive a random access response;

[0253] - The terminal completes random access initiation on M ROs, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 1; at this time, the random access is still unable to be completed or a random access response is received;

[0254] - The terminal completes initiating random access on all ROs within a period; at this time, the random access is still unable to be completed or a random access response is received;

[0255] - The time for the terminal to initiate random access exceeds the first time window; the first time window is used to limit the successful transmission and reception time of the PRACH; at this time, the random access cannot be completed or a random access response cannot be received;

[0256] - The terminal cannot correctly receive the random access response within the random access response window, which may include multiple retransmissions of the RAR, that is, reaching the retransmission number of the RAR.

[0257] For example, the network side device may switch between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode when the second condition is met after the terminal sends a random access request and before receiving a random access response (such as Msg2 or Msg B).

[0258] Optionally, the switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode by the network-side device may include:

[0259] The network side device switches the preamble associated with the first transmission mode and the preamble associated with the second transmission mode;

[0260] The network side device switches the RO resources associated with the first transmission mode and the RO resources associated with the second transmission mode;

[0261] The network side device switches the first signal (such as SSB) corresponding to the first transmission mode and the second signal (such as SSB) corresponding to the second transmission mode.

[0262] Optionally, the switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode by the network-side device may include:

[0263] When the terminal satisfies a third condition, the network device switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode. The third condition includes: the reception quality of the random access response is less than or equal to a fourth value. The reception quality may be, for example, RSRP, RSRQ, or BLER. The fourth value may be configured based on actual needs or a default agreement.

[0264] For example, after the terminal receives the random access response and before sending message 3 (such as Msg3), the network side device can switch between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode when the third condition is met.

[0265] Optionally, when the network-side device switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode, it may receive a fourth signal sent by the terminal, where the fourth signal is used to inform the network-side device of a spatial relationship for receiving random access message 3. The spatial relationship may include a beam, a spatial filter, and the like.

[0266] For example, after receiving the random access response and before sending message 3 (such as Msg3), the terminal can send a fourth signal to the network side device to inform the network side device of the spatial relationship for receiving Msg3 so that it can correctly receive Msg3.

[0267] Optionally, the fourth signal may include at least one of the following:

[0268] Preamble; This preamble can be the preamble corresponding to the transmission mode before switching, or the preamble corresponding to the transmission mode after switching. For example, if the terminal is currently in the first transmission mode (such as RIS transmission) and wants to switch to the second transmission mode (such as non-RIS transmission), the terminal can send a preamble corresponding to the second transmission mode (such as non-RIS transmission) on the corresponding RO to inform the network of the beam receiving Msg3. After receiving the preamble, the network can determine that the beam of Msg3 will change, and thus adjust the beam receiving Msg3.

[0269] Sounding Reference Signal (SRS); this SRS can be the SRS corresponding to the transmission mode before switching or the SRS corresponding to the transmission mode after switching. For example, different SRSs correspond to different beams, so by sending the corresponding SRS, the network is informed of the beam receiving Msg3.

[0270] In this way, by sending the fourth signal, the network side can adjust the corresponding beam, spatial filter, etc. when receiving Msg3, so as to receive Msg3.

[0271] Optionally, the switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode by the network-side device may include:

[0272] When the terminal meets a fourth condition, the network-side device switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode; the fourth condition includes at least one of the following:

[0273] - The terminal completes K random access retransmissions of message 3, where K is an integer greater than or equal to 1; and is unable to receive message 4 at this time;

[0274] - The terminal is unable to receive random access message 4 (eg, Msg4) within the second time window, for example, including multiple retransmissions of Msg4, that is, reaching the retransmission count of Msg4. The second time window is a time window for receiving Msg4.

[0275] For example, the network side device can switch between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode when the fourth condition is met after the terminal sends message 3 (such as Msg3) and before receiving message 4 (such as Msg4).

[0276] Optionally, the switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode performed by the network-side device may include at least one of the following:

[0277] - The network-side device switches the resources of the random access downlink signal associated with the first transmission mode and the resources of the random access downlink signal associated with the second transmission mode; the downlink signal includes, for example, Msg2, Msg4, Msg B, etc.;

[0278] -The network-side device switches the spatial relationship of the random access message 3 associated with the first transmission mode and the spatial relationship of the random access message 3 associated with the second transmission mode; this spatial relationship can also be understood as a quasi co-location (QCL) relationship, such as including beams, spatial filters, etc.

[0279] Optionally, the switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode by the network-side device may include:

[0280] During retransmission of a random access message by a terminal, when the terminal satisfies a fifth condition, the network-side device switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode; the fifth condition includes at least one of the following:

[0281] 1) The number of retransmissions of random access message 2 (e.g., Msg2), message 4 (e.g., Msg4), or message B (e.g., Msg B) reaches a fifth value; the fifth value may be preset based on actual needs;

[0282] 2) The terminal retransmits the random access message 3 (eg, Msg3); for example, the number of retransmissions of Msg3 reaches a preset threshold, or the terminal actively triggers switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode.

[0283] For example, the network-side device may switch between the first transmission mode (such as RIS transmission) and the second transmission mode (such as non-RIS transmission) during the process of the terminal sending Msg3.

[0284] It should be noted that the second condition, the third condition, the fourth condition and the fifth condition mentioned above may be protocol defaults or network-side configurations, and are not limited thereto.

[0285] In some embodiments, the switching between the first transmission mode (eg, RIS transmission) and the second transmission mode (eg, non-RIS transmission) may be triggered by the network side.

[0286] Optionally, the random access method further includes:

[0287] The network-side device sends a first message, where the first message is used to notify the terminal to switch between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode. The first message is, for example, a random access response, that is, carrying switching information through a RAR, such as for switching of Msg3 or for switching of Msg4 / Msg B. In addition, the first message may also include downlink signals such as Msg4, Msg B, and SSB.

[0288] The random access method provided in the embodiment of the present application may be executed by a random access device. In the embodiment of the present application, the random access device provided in the embodiment of the present application is described by taking the random access method executed by the random access device as an example.

[0289] Please refer to FIG5 , which is a schematic structural diagram of a random access device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The device is applied to a terminal. As shown in FIG5 , the random access device 50 includes:

[0290] A first determining module 51 is configured to determine a transmission mode, where the transmission mode is the first transmission mode or the second transmission mode;

[0291] The first transmission module 52 is configured to perform random access related transmission corresponding to the transmission mode.

[0292] Optionally, the first transmission mode corresponds to a first signal, the second transmission mode corresponds to a second signal, and the first signal and the second signal satisfy at least one of the following:

[0293] The first signal and the second signal correspond to different time domain resources;

[0294] The first signal and the second signal correspond to different frequency domain resources;

[0295] The first signal and the second signal correspond to different signal groups;

[0296] The first signal and the second signal correspond to different signal subsets within the same signal group;

[0297] The first signal and the second signal correspond to different signal types;

[0298] The second signal is obtained by performing a first operation on the first signal.

[0299] Optionally, the first operation includes at least one of the following:

[0300] scrambling at least a portion of the first signal;

[0301] repeating at least a portion of the first signal;

[0302] Adjusting the time-frequency resource positions of at least part of the first signal;

[0303] Part of the first signal is discarded.

[0304] Optionally, the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different physical random access channel PRACH resources; wherein the PRACH resources include at least one of PRACH preamble resources and physical random access channel opportunity RO resources.

[0305] Optionally, the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different PRACH preamble resources, including at least one of the following:

[0306] The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different PRACH preamble code sets;

[0307] The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different PRACH preamble code subsets;

[0308] The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different PRACH preamble code lengths.

[0309] Optionally, the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different RO resources, including at least one of the following:

[0310] The time domain resources of the RO corresponding to the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode are different;

[0311] The frequency domain resources of the RO corresponding to the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode are different;

[0312] The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different RO groups;

[0313] The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different RO subsets in the same RO group.

[0314] Optionally, when the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different RO groups, the different RO groups satisfy at least one of the following:

[0315] The time-frequency resources of different RO groups are separated by X time-frequency units, where X is an integer greater than or equal to 1;

[0316] The time-frequency resources of the different RO groups are arranged crosswise.

[0317] Optionally, the first transmission mode satisfies at least one of the following:

[0318] Different ROs corresponding to the first transmission mode are separated by x time domain units, where x is an integer greater than or equal to 1;

[0319] Different RO groups corresponding to the first transmission mode are separated by y time domain units, where y is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0320] Optionally, the random access device 50 further includes:

[0321] The measurement module is configured to determine, based on first information or a first condition, to measure at least one of a first signal corresponding to the first transmission mode and a second signal corresponding to the second transmission mode.

[0322] Optionally, the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0323] Signal-related information, master information block MIB, other system messages OSI, layer 1 payload L1-payload.

[0324] Optionally, the measurement module is used for at least one of the following:

[0325] When the signal quality corresponding to the first measurement meets the first condition, determining to measure only the signal corresponding to the transmission mode during the first measurement;

[0326] When the signal quality corresponding to the first measurement does not meet the first condition, continue to measure a signal corresponding to a transmission mode different from the transmission mode during the first measurement;

[0327] The transmission mode during the first measurement is the first transmission mode or the second transmission mode.

[0328] Optionally, the first condition includes at least one of the following:

[0329] The signal quality of the best signal in the first measurement is less than or equal to a first value;

[0330] An average signal quality of the plurality of signals in the first measurement is less than or equal to a second value;

[0331] The signal quality of the worst signal in the first measurement is less than or equal to a third value.

[0332] Optionally, the random access device 50 further includes:

[0333] A second determining module is configured to determine, by using second information, a PRACH resource associated with at least one of the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode;

[0334] The second information includes at least one of the following: signal-related information, MIB, OSI, and L1-payload.

[0335] Optionally, the random access device 50 further includes:

[0336] A first switching module, configured to switch between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode;

[0337] The first transmission module 52 is further configured to perform random access related transmission corresponding to the switched transmission mode.

[0338] Optionally, the first switching module is specifically configured to perform at least one of the following:

[0339] Before the terminal initiates random access, switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode;

[0340] After the terminal sends a random access request and before receiving a random access response, switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode;

[0341] After the terminal receives the random access response and before sending message 3, switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode;

[0342] After the terminal sends message 3 and before receiving message 4, switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode;

[0343] During the retransmission process of the random access message by the terminal, switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode is performed.

[0344] Optionally, the first switching module is specifically configured to: switch between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode when a second condition is met;

[0345] The second condition includes at least one of the following:

[0346] The terminal completes sending N preamble codes or a third signal, where the third signal is the first signal corresponding to the first transmission mode or the second signal corresponding to the second transmission mode, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 1;

[0347] The terminal completes sending all preamble codes or a third signal, where the third signal is the first signal corresponding to the first transmission mode or the second signal corresponding to the second transmission mode;

[0348] The terminal completes all retransmissions of the preamble;

[0349] The terminal completes initiating random access on M ROs, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 1;

[0350] The terminal completes initiating random access on all ROs within a period;

[0351] The time for the terminal to initiate random access exceeds the first time window;

[0352] The terminal cannot correctly receive the random access response within the random access response window.

[0353] Optionally, the first switching module is specifically configured to perform at least one of the following:

[0354] Switching a preamble associated with the first transmission mode and a preamble associated with the second transmission mode;

[0355] Switching the RO resources associated with the first transmission mode and the RO resources associated with the second transmission mode;

[0356] Switching is performed between a first signal corresponding to the first transmission mode and a second signal corresponding to the second transmission mode.

[0357] Optionally, the first switching module is specifically configured to: switch between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode when a third condition is met;

[0358] The third condition includes: the reception quality of the random access response is less than or equal to a fourth value.

[0359] Optionally, the random access device 50 further includes:

[0360] The first sending module is used to send a fourth signal, where the fourth signal is used to inform the network side device of the spatial relationship of receiving the random access message 3.

[0361] Optionally, the fourth signal includes at least one of the following:

[0362] Preamble;

[0363] Sounding Reference Signal SRS.

[0364] Optionally, the first switching module is specifically configured to: switch between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode when a fourth condition is met;

[0365] The fourth condition includes at least one of the following:

[0366] The terminal completes K random access message 3 retransmissions, where K is an integer greater than or equal to 1;

[0367] The terminal is unable to receive the random access message 4 in the second time window.

[0368] Optionally, the first switching module is specifically configured to perform at least one of the following:

[0369] Switching resources for sending random access message 3 associated with the first transmission mode and resources for sending random access message 3 associated with the second transmission mode;

[0370] The spatial relationship of sending random access message 3 associated with the first transmission mode and the spatial relationship of sending random access message 3 associated with the second transmission mode are switched.

[0371] Optionally, the first switching module is specifically configured to: during retransmission of the random access message, when a fifth condition is met, switch between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode;

[0372] The fifth condition includes at least one of the following:

[0373] The number of retransmissions of the randomly accessed message 2, message 4, or message B reaches the fifth value;

[0374] The terminal retransmits the random access message 3.

[0375] Optionally, the first switching module is specifically configured to: switch between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode according to a first message received from a network device.

[0376] The random access device 50 in the embodiments of the present application can be an electronic device, such as an electronic device with an operating system, or a component of an electronic device, such as an integrated circuit or chip. The electronic device can be a terminal or other device other than a terminal. For example, the terminal can include but is not limited to the types of terminal 11 listed above. Other devices can include servers, network attached storage (NAS), etc., which are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0377] The random access device 50 provided in the embodiment of the present application can implement each process implemented by the method embodiment shown in Figure 2 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described here.

[0378] Please refer to FIG6 , which is a schematic structural diagram of a random access device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The device is applied to a network-side device. As shown in FIG6 , the random access device 60 includes:

[0379] A third determining module 61 is configured to determine a transmission mode for random access by a terminal, where the transmission mode is the first transmission mode or the second transmission mode;

[0380] The second transmission module 62 is configured to perform random access related transmission corresponding to the transmission mode.

[0381] Optionally, the third determining module 61 is specifically configured to:

[0382] Based on the PRACH resources associated with the received signal, a transmission mode for random access by the terminal is determined; wherein the PRACH resources include at least one of a PRACH preamble code resource and an RO resource.

[0383] Optionally, the first transmission mode corresponds to a first signal, the second transmission mode corresponds to a second signal, and the first signal and the second signal satisfy at least one of the following:

[0384] The first signal and the second signal correspond to different time domain resources;

[0385] The first signal and the second signal correspond to different frequency domain resources;

[0386] The first signal and the second signal correspond to different signal groups;

[0387] The first signal and the second signal correspond to different signal subsets within the same signal group;

[0388] The first signal and the second signal correspond to different signal types;

[0389] The second signal is obtained by performing a first operation on the first signal.

[0390] Optionally, the first operation includes at least one of the following:

[0391] scrambling at least a portion of the first signal;

[0392] repeating at least a portion of the first signal;

[0393] Adjusting the time-frequency resource positions of at least part of the first signal;

[0394] Part of the first signal is discarded.

[0395] Optionally, the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different PRACH resources;

[0396] The PRACH resource includes at least one of a PRACH preamble resource and an RO resource.

[0397] Optionally, the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different PRACH preamble resources, including at least one of the following:

[0398] The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different PRACH preamble code sets;

[0399] The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different PRACH preamble code subsets

[0400] The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different PRACH preamble code lengths.

[0401] Optionally, the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different RO resources, including at least one of the following:

[0402] The time domain resources of the RO corresponding to the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode are different;

[0403] The frequency domain resources of the RO corresponding to the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode are different;

[0404] The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different RO groups;

[0405] The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different RO subsets in the same RO group.

[0406] Optionally, when the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different RO groups, the different RO groups satisfy at least one of the following:

[0407] The time-frequency resources of different RO groups are separated by X time-frequency units, where X is an integer greater than or equal to 1;

[0408] The time-frequency resources of the different RO groups are arranged crosswise.

[0409] Optionally, the random access device 60 further includes:

[0410] a second switching module, configured to switch between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode;

[0411] The second transmission module 62 is specifically configured to perform random access related transmission corresponding to the switched transmission mode.

[0412] Optionally, the second switching module is specifically configured to perform at least one of the following:

[0413] Before the terminal initiates random access, switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode;

[0414] After the terminal sends a random access request and before receiving a random access response, switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode;

[0415] After the terminal receives the random access response and before sending message 3, switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode;

[0416] After the terminal sends message 3 and before receiving message 4, switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode;

[0417] During the retransmission of the random access message by the terminal, switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode is performed.

[0418] Optionally, the second switching module is specifically configured to: when the terminal meets a second condition, switch between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode;

[0419] The second condition includes at least one of the following:

[0420] The terminal completes sending N preamble codes or a third signal, where the third signal is the first signal corresponding to the first transmission mode or the second signal corresponding to the second transmission mode, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 1;

[0421] The terminal completes sending all preamble codes or a third signal, where the third signal is the first signal corresponding to the first transmission mode or the second signal corresponding to the second transmission mode;

[0422] The terminal completes all retransmissions of the preamble;

[0423] The terminal completes initiating random access on M ROs, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 1;

[0424] The terminal completes initiating random access on all ROs within a period;

[0425] The time for the terminal to initiate random access exceeds the first time window;

[0426] The terminal cannot correctly receive the random access response within the random access response window.

[0427] Optionally, the second switching module is specifically configured to:

[0428] When the terminal meets a third condition, switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode;

[0429] The third condition includes: the reception quality of the random access response is less than or equal to a fourth value.

[0430] Optionally, the random access device 60 further includes:

[0431] The receiving module is used to receive a fourth signal sent by the terminal, where the fourth signal is used to inform the network side device of the spatial relationship of receiving the random access message 3.

[0432] Optionally, the fourth signal includes at least one of the following:

[0433] Preamble;

[0434] Sounding Reference Signal SRS.

[0435] Optionally, the second switching module is specifically configured to:

[0436] When the terminal meets a fourth condition, switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode;

[0437] The fourth condition includes at least one of the following:

[0438] The terminal completes K random access message 3 retransmissions, where K is an integer greater than or equal to 1;

[0439] The terminal is unable to receive the random access message 4 in the second time window.

[0440] Optionally, the second switching module is specifically configured to perform at least one of the following:

[0441] Switching resources of a downlink signal of random access associated with the first transmission mode and resources of a downlink signal of random access associated with the second transmission mode;

[0442] The spatial relationship of the random access message 3 associated with the first transmission mode and the spatial relationship of the random access message 3 associated with the second transmission mode are switched.

[0443] Optionally, the second switching module is specifically configured to: during retransmission of the random access message by the terminal, when the terminal meets a fifth condition, switch between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode;

[0444] The fifth condition includes at least one of the following:

[0445] The number of retransmissions of the randomly accessed message 2, message 4, or message B reaches the fifth value;

[0446] The terminal retransmits the random access message 3.

[0447] Optionally, the random access device 60 further includes:

[0448] The second sending module is used to send a first message, where the first message is used to inform the terminal to switch between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode.

[0449] The random access device 60 provided in the embodiment of the present application can implement each process implemented by the method embodiment shown in Figure 4 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described here.

[0450] As shown in Figure 7, an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device 700, including a processor 701 and a memory 702. The memory 702 stores a program or instruction that can be run on the processor 701. For example, when the communication device 700 is a terminal, the program or instruction, when executed by the processor 701, implements the various steps of the method embodiment shown in Figure 2 above, and can achieve the same technical effect. When the communication device 700 is a network-side device, the program or instruction, when executed by the processor 701, implements the various steps of the method embodiment shown in Figure 4 above, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, they are not repeated here.

[0451] The present application also provides a terminal including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is configured to execute a program or instruction to implement the steps in the method embodiment shown in FIG2 . This terminal embodiment corresponds to the above-mentioned terminal-side method embodiment, and each implementation process and implementation method of the above-mentioned method embodiment are applicable to this terminal embodiment and can achieve the same technical effects.

[0452] Specifically, FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a terminal implementing an embodiment of the present application.

[0453] The terminal 800 includes but is not limited to: a radio frequency unit 801, a network module 802, an audio output unit 803, an input unit 804, a sensor 805, a display unit 806, a user input unit 807, an interface unit 808, a memory 809 and at least some of the components of the processor 810.

[0454] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the terminal 800 may also include a power supply (such as a battery) to power various components. The power supply may be logically connected to the processor 810 via a power management system, thereby enabling the power management system to manage charging, discharging, and power consumption. The terminal structure shown in FIG8 does not limit the terminal. The terminal may include more or fewer components than shown, or may combine certain components, or have different component arrangements, which will not be described in detail here.

[0455] It should be understood that in an embodiment of the present application, the input unit 804 may include a graphics processing unit (GPU) 8041 and a microphone 8042, and the graphics processing unit 8041 processes the image data of a static picture or video obtained by an image capture device (such as a camera) in a video capture mode or an image capture mode. The display unit 806 may include a display panel 8061, and the display panel 8061 may be configured in the form of a liquid crystal display, an organic light emitting diode, etc. The user input unit 807 includes a touch panel 8071 and at least one of other input devices 8072. The touch panel 8071 is also called a touch screen. The touch panel 8071 may include two parts: a touch detection device and a touch controller. Other input devices 8072 may include, but are not limited to, a physical keyboard, function keys (such as volume control keys, switch keys, etc.), a trackball, a mouse, and a joystick, which will not be repeated here.

[0456] In the embodiment of the present application, after receiving downlink data from a network-side device, the radio frequency unit 801 may transmit the data to the processor 810 for processing. Furthermore, the radio frequency unit 801 may send uplink data to the network-side device. Typically, the radio frequency unit 801 includes, but is not limited to, an antenna, an amplifier, a transceiver, a coupler, a low-noise amplifier, a duplexer, and the like.

[0457] The memory 809 can be used to store software programs or instructions and various data. The memory 809 may mainly include a first storage area for storing programs or instructions and a second storage area for storing data, wherein the first storage area may store an operating system, applications or instructions required for at least one function (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.). In addition, the memory 809 may include a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory. Among them, the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDRSDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct RAM bus random access memory (DRRAM). The memory 809 in the embodiment of the present application includes but is not limited to these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0458] Processor 810 may include one or more processing units. Optionally, processor 810 integrates an application processor and a modem processor. The application processor primarily handles operations related to the operating system, user interface, and application programs, while the modem processor primarily processes wireless communication signals, such as a baseband processor. It is understood that the modem processor may not be integrated into processor 810.

[0459] The processor 810 is configured to determine a transmission mode, which is a first transmission mode or a second transmission mode; and the radio frequency unit 801 is configured to perform random access-related transmission corresponding to the transmission mode.

[0460] It can be understood that the implementation process of each implementation method mentioned in this embodiment can refer to the relevant description of the above-mentioned terminal side method embodiment and achieve the same or corresponding technical effects. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0461] The present application also provides a network-side device, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is configured to execute a program or instruction to implement the steps of the method embodiment shown in FIG4 . This network-side device embodiment corresponds to the aforementioned network-side device method embodiment, and each implementation process and implementation method of the aforementioned method embodiment are applicable to this network-side device embodiment and can achieve the same technical effects.

[0462] Specifically, embodiments of the present application also provide a network-side device. As shown in Figure 9, the network-side device 90 includes an antenna 91, a radio frequency device 92, a baseband device 93, a processor 94, and a memory 95. Antenna 91 is connected to radio frequency device 92. In the uplink direction, radio frequency device 92 receives information via antenna 91 and sends the received information to baseband device 93 for processing. In the downlink direction, baseband device 93 processes the information to be transmitted and sends it to radio frequency device 92. Radio frequency device 92 processes the received information and then sends it through antenna 91.

[0463] The method executed by the network-side device in the above embodiment may be implemented in the baseband device 93 , which includes a baseband processor.

[0464] The baseband device 93 may include, for example, at least one baseband board, on which multiple chips are arranged, as shown in Figure 9, one of the chips is, for example, a baseband processor, which is connected to the memory 95 through a bus interface to call the program in the memory 95 and execute the network device operations shown in the above method embodiment.

[0465] The network side device may further include a network interface 96, which is, for example, a Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI).

[0466] Specifically, the network side device 90 of the embodiment of the present application also includes: instructions or programs stored in the memory 95 and can be run on the processor 94. The processor 94 calls the instructions or programs in the memory 95 to execute the method of execution of each module shown in Figure 6 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0467] An embodiment of the present application further provides a readable storage medium, on which a program or instruction is stored. When the program or instruction is executed by a processor, each process of the above-mentioned random access method embodiment is implemented, and the same technical effect can be achieved. To avoid repetition, it is not repeated here.

[0468] The processor is the processor in the terminal described in the above embodiment. The readable storage medium includes a computer-readable storage medium, such as a computer read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk. In some examples, the readable storage medium may be a non-transitory readable storage medium.

[0469] An embodiment of the present application further provides a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface and the processor are coupled, and the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the various processes of the above-mentioned random access method embodiment, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0470] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can also be called a system-level chip, a system chip, a chip system or a system-on-chip chip, etc.

[0471] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program / program product, which is stored in a storage medium. The computer program / program product is executed by at least one processor to implement the various processes of the above-mentioned random access method embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it is not repeated here.

[0472] An embodiment of the present application also provides a communication system, including: a terminal and a network-side device, wherein the terminal can be used to execute the steps of the method shown in Figure 2 above, and the network-side device can be used to execute the steps of the method shown in Figure 4 above.

[0473] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "comprise", "include" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements that are not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises a..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element. In addition, it should be pointed out that the scope of the methods and devices in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, and may also include performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the opposite order according to the functions involved. For example, the described method may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may also be added, omitted or combined. In addition, the features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0474] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be implemented by means of a computer software product plus a necessary general-purpose hardware platform, or of course, by hardware. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc.) and includes a number of instructions for enabling a terminal or network-side device to execute the methods described in each embodiment of the present application.

[0475] The embodiments of the present application are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of this application, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms of implementation methods without departing from the purpose of this application and the scope of protection of the claims. These implementation methods are all within the protection of this application.

Claims

1. A random access method, comprising: The terminal determines a transmission mode, where the transmission mode is the first transmission mode or the second transmission mode; The terminal performs random access related transmission corresponding to the transmission mode.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The first transmission mode corresponds to a first signal, the second transmission mode corresponds to a second signal, and the first signal and the second signal satisfy at least one of the following: The first signal and the second signal correspond to different time domain resources; The first signal and the second signal correspond to different frequency domain resources; The first signal and the second signal correspond to different signal groups; The first signal and the second signal correspond to different signal subsets within the same signal group; The first signal and the second signal correspond to different signal types; The second signal is obtained by performing a first operation on the first signal.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein: The first operation includes at least one of the following: scrambling at least a portion of the first signal; repeating at least a portion of the first signal; Adjusting the time-frequency resource positions of at least part of the first signal; Part of the first signal is discarded.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different physical random access channel PRACH resources; The PRACH resource includes at least one of a PRACH preamble resource and a physical random access channel opportunity RO resource.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different PRACH preamble resources, including at least one of the following: The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different PRACH preamble code sets; The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different PRACH preamble code subsets; The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different PRACH preamble code lengths.

6. The method according to claim 4, wherein: The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different RO resources, including at least one of the following: The time domain resources of the RO corresponding to the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode are different; The frequency domain resources of the RO corresponding to the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode are different; The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different RO groups; The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different RO subsets in the same RO group.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein: When the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different RO groups, the different RO groups satisfy at least one of the following: The time-frequency resources of different RO groups are separated by X time-frequency units, where X is an integer greater than or equal to 1; The time-frequency resources of the different RO groups are arranged crosswise.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: The first transmission mode satisfies at least one of the following: Different ROs corresponding to the first transmission mode are separated by x time domain units, where x is an integer greater than or equal to 1; Different RO groups corresponding to the first transmission mode are separated by y time domain units, where y is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising: The terminal determines, based on first information or a first condition, to measure at least one of a first signal corresponding to the first transmission mode and a second signal corresponding to the second transmission mode.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein: The first information includes at least one of the following: Signal-related information, master information block MIB, other system messages OSI, layer 1 payload L1-payload.

11. The method according to claim 9, wherein The terminal determining, based on a first condition, to measure at least one of a first signal corresponding to the first transmission mode and a second signal corresponding to the second transmission mode includes at least one of the following: When the signal quality corresponding to the first measurement meets the first condition, the terminal determines to measure only the signal corresponding to the transmission mode during the first measurement; When the signal quality corresponding to the first measurement does not meet the first condition, the terminal continues to measure a signal corresponding to a transmission mode different from the transmission mode during the first measurement; The transmission mode during the first measurement is the first transmission mode or the second transmission mode.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein The first condition includes at least one of the following: The signal quality of the best signal in the first measurement is less than or equal to a first value; An average signal quality of the plurality of signals in the first measurement is less than or equal to a second value; The signal quality of the worst signal in the first measurement is less than or equal to a third value.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, further comprising: The terminal determines, through second information, a PRACH resource associated with at least one of the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode; The second information includes at least one of the following: signal-related information, MIB, OSI, and L1-payload.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, further comprising: The terminal switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode; The terminal performing random access related transmission corresponding to the transmission mode includes: The terminal performs related transmission of random access corresponding to the transmission mode after switching.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein The terminal switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode includes at least one of the following: Before initiating random access, the terminal switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode; The terminal switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode after sending a random access request and before receiving a random access response; After receiving the random access response and before sending message 3, the terminal switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode; The terminal switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode after sending message 3 and before receiving message 4; The terminal switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode during retransmission of the random access message.

16. The method according to claim 14 or 15, wherein: The terminal switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode includes: When a second condition is met, the terminal switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode; The second condition includes at least one of the following: The terminal completes sending N preamble codes or a third signal, where the third signal is the first signal corresponding to the first transmission mode or the second signal corresponding to the second transmission mode, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 1; The terminal completes sending all preamble codes or a third signal, where the third signal is the first signal corresponding to the first transmission mode or the second signal corresponding to the second transmission mode; The terminal completes all retransmissions of the preamble; The terminal completes initiating random access on M ROs, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 1; The terminal completes initiating random access on all ROs within a period; The time for the terminal to initiate random access exceeds the first time window; The terminal cannot correctly receive the random access response within the random access response window.

17. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 16, wherein: The terminal switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode includes at least one of the following: The terminal switches between a preamble associated with the first transmission mode and a preamble associated with the second transmission mode; The terminal switches the RO resources associated with the first transmission mode and the RO resources associated with the second transmission mode; The terminal switches between a first signal corresponding to the first transmission mode and a second signal corresponding to the second transmission mode.

18. The method according to claim 14 or 15, wherein: The terminal switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode includes: When a third condition is met, the terminal switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode; The third condition includes: the reception quality of the random access response is less than or equal to a fourth value.

19. The method according to claim 14 or 15, wherein: When the terminal switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode, the method further includes: The terminal sends a fourth signal, where the fourth signal is used to inform the network side device of the spatial relationship of receiving the random access message 3.

20. The method according to claim 19, wherein The fourth signal includes at least one of the following: Preamble; Sounding Reference Signal SRS.

21. The method according to claim 14 or 15, wherein The terminal switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode includes: When a fourth condition is met, the terminal switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode; The fourth condition includes at least one of the following: The terminal completes K random access message 3 retransmissions, where K is an integer greater than or equal to 1; The terminal is unable to receive the random access message 4 in the second time window.

22. The method according to claim 14 or 15, wherein: The terminal switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode includes at least one of the following: The terminal switches between resources for sending random access message 3 associated with the first transmission mode and resources for sending random access message 3 associated with the second transmission mode; The terminal switches the spatial relationship of sending the random access message 3 associated with the first transmission mode and the spatial relationship of sending the random access message 3 associated with the second transmission mode.

23. The method according to claim 15, wherein The terminal switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode during retransmission of the random access message includes: When a fifth condition is met, the terminal switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode; The fifth condition includes at least one of the following: The number of retransmissions of the randomly accessed message 2, message 4, or message B reaches the fifth value; The terminal retransmits the random access message 3.

24. The method according to claim 14, wherein The terminal switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode includes: The terminal switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode according to a first message received from the network device.

25. A random access method, comprising: The network-side device determines a transmission mode for random access of the terminal, where the transmission mode is the first transmission mode or the second transmission mode; The network side device performs random access related transmission corresponding to the transmission mode.

26. The method according to claim 25, wherein The network side device determines the transmission mode for random access of the terminal, including: The network side device determines a transmission mode for random access of the terminal based on a PRACH resource associated with the received signal; wherein the PRACH resource includes at least one of a PRACH preamble resource and an RO resource.

27. The method according to claim 25, wherein The first transmission mode corresponds to a first signal, the second transmission mode corresponds to a second signal, and the first signal and the second signal satisfy at least one of the following: The first signal and the second signal correspond to different time domain resources; The first signal and the second signal correspond to different frequency domain resources; The first signal and the second signal correspond to different signal groups; The first signal and the second signal correspond to different signal subsets within the same signal group; The first signal and the second signal correspond to different signal types; The second signal is obtained by performing a first operation on the first signal.

28. The method according to claim 27, wherein The first operation includes at least one of the following: scrambling at least a portion of the first signal; repeating at least a portion of the first signal; Adjusting the time-frequency resource positions of at least part of the first signal; Part of the first signal is discarded.

29. The method according to claim 25, wherein The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different PRACH resources; The PRACH resource includes at least one of a PRACH preamble resource and an RO resource.

30. The method according to claim 29, wherein The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different PRACH preamble resources, including at least one of the following: The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different PRACH preamble code sets; The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different PRACH preamble code subsets The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different PRACH preamble code lengths.

31. The method according to claim 29, wherein The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different RO resources, including at least one of the following: The time domain resources of the RO corresponding to the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode are different; The frequency domain resources of the RO corresponding to the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode are different; The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different RO groups; The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different RO subsets in the same RO group.

32. The method according to claim 31, wherein When the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different RO groups, the different RO groups satisfy at least one of the following: The time-frequency resources of different RO groups are separated by X time-frequency units, where X is an integer greater than or equal to 1; The time-frequency resources of the different RO groups are arranged crosswise.

33. The method according to any one of claims 25 to 32, further comprising: The network side device switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode; The network side device performs the random access related transmission corresponding to the transmission mode, including: The network side device performs related transmission of random access corresponding to the transmission mode after switching.

34. The method according to claim 33, wherein The network-side device switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode, including at least one of the following: Before the terminal initiates random access, the network side device switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode; After the terminal sends a random access request and before receiving a random access response, the network side device switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode; After the terminal receives the random access response and before sending message 3, the network side device switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode; After the terminal sends message 3 and before receiving message 4, the network side device switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode; During the retransmission of the random access message by the terminal, the network side device switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode.

35. The method according to claim 33 or 34, wherein The network-side device switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode, including: When the terminal meets a second condition, the network-side device switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode; The second condition includes at least one of the following: The terminal completes sending N preamble codes or a third signal, where the third signal is the first signal corresponding to the first transmission mode or the second signal corresponding to the second transmission mode, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 1; The terminal completes sending all preamble codes or a third signal, where the third signal is the first signal corresponding to the first transmission mode or the second signal corresponding to the second transmission mode; The terminal completes all retransmissions of the preamble; The terminal completes initiating random access on M ROs, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 1; The terminal completes initiating random access on all ROs within a period; The time for the terminal to initiate random access exceeds the first time window; The terminal cannot correctly receive the random access response within the random access response window.

36. The method according to claim 33 or 34, wherein The network-side device switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode, including: When the terminal meets a third condition, the network-side device switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode; The third condition includes: the reception quality of the random access response is less than or equal to a fourth value.

37. The method according to claim 33 or 34, wherein When the network-side device switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode, the method further includes: The network side device receives a fourth signal sent by the terminal, where the fourth signal is used to inform the network side device of a spatial relationship of receiving a random access message 3.

38. The method according to claim 33 or 34, wherein The network-side device switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode, including: When the terminal meets a fourth condition, the network-side device switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode; The fourth condition includes at least one of the following: The terminal completes K random access message 3 retransmissions, where K is an integer greater than or equal to 1; The terminal is unable to receive the random access message 4 in the second time window.

39. The method according to claim 33 or 34, wherein The network-side device switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode, including at least one of the following: The network-side device switches resources of a downlink signal of random access associated with the first transmission mode and resources of a downlink signal of random access associated with the second transmission mode; The network side device switches the spatial relationship of the random access message 3 associated with the first transmission mode and the spatial relationship of the random access message 3 associated with the second transmission mode.

40. The method of claim 34, wherein During the retransmission of the random access message by the terminal, the network-side device switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode, including: When the terminal meets the fifth condition, the network side device switches between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode; The fifth condition includes at least one of the following: The number of retransmissions of the randomly accessed message 2, message 4, or message B reaches the fifth value; The terminal retransmits the random access message 3.

41. The method of claim 33, further comprising: The network side device sends a first message, where the first message is used to inform the terminal to switch between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode.

42. A random access device comprising: A first determining module, configured to determine a transmission mode, where the transmission mode is the first transmission mode or the second transmission mode; The first transmission module is configured to perform random access related transmission corresponding to the transmission mode.

43. The apparatus according to claim 42, wherein The first transmission mode corresponds to a first signal, the second transmission mode corresponds to a second signal, and the first signal and the second signal satisfy at least one of the following: The first signal and the second signal correspond to different time domain resources; The first signal and the second signal correspond to different frequency domain resources; The first signal and the second signal correspond to different signal groups; The first signal and the second signal correspond to different signal subsets within the same signal group; The first signal and the second signal correspond to different signal types; The second signal is obtained by performing a first operation on the first signal.

44. The apparatus according to claim 42 or 43, wherein The first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to different physical random access channel PRACH resources; The PRACH resource includes at least one of a PRACH preamble resource and an RO resource.

45. The apparatus according to any one of claims 42 to 44, further comprising: A first switching module, configured to switch between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode; The first transmission module is further configured to perform random access related transmission corresponding to the switched transmission mode.

46. ​​The apparatus of claim 45, wherein The first switching module is specifically configured to perform at least one of the following: Before the terminal initiates random access, switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode; After the terminal sends a random access request and before receiving a random access response, switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode; After the terminal receives the random access response and before sending message 3, switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode; After the terminal sends message 3 and before receiving message 4, switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode; During the retransmission process of the random access message by the terminal, switching between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode is performed.

47. A random access device comprising: A third determining module is used to determine a transmission mode for random access of the terminal, where the transmission mode is the first transmission mode or the second transmission mode; The second transmission module is configured to perform random access related transmission corresponding to the transmission mode.

48. The apparatus of claim 47, wherein The third determination model is used to determine a transmission mode for random access by the terminal based on a PRACH resource associated with the received signal; wherein the PRACH resource includes at least one of a PRACH preamble resource and an RO resource.

49. The apparatus according to claim 47 or 48, further comprising: a second switching module, configured to switch between the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode; The second transmission module is further configured to perform random access related transmission corresponding to the switched transmission mode.

50. A terminal comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a program or instruction that can be run on the processor, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the steps of the random access method according to any one of claims 1 to 24 are implemented.

51. A network side device, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a program or instruction that can be run on the processor, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the steps of the random access method as described in any one of claims 25 to 41 are implemented.

52. A readable storage medium storing a program or instruction, wherein the program or instruction, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the random access method according to any one of claims 1 to 24, or implements the steps of the random access method according to any one of claims 25 to 41.

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