Terminal and wireless communication method

Abstract

This terminal transmits a measurement report made by a lower layer. The terminal determines the transmission of the measurement report if the number of cells or beams satisfying an entering condition for determining whether each cell or beam is included in an object of the measurement report is greater than or equal to a threshold.

Description

Terminal and wireless communication method

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a terminal and a wireless communication method that supports L1 / L2 mobility (LTM).

[0002] The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP: registered trademark) is developing specifications for the 5th generation mobile communication system (5G, also known as New Radio (NR) or Next Generation (NG)), and is also developing specifications for the next generation, known as Beyond 5G, 5G Evolution, or 6G.

[0003] For example, 3GPP Release 19 is discussing extensions to Layer 1 / Layer 2 mobility (L1 / L2 mobility). L1 / L2 mobility, also known as Lower Layer Triggered Mobility (LTM), is a technology related to the mobility of user equipment (UE) in Layer 1 or Layer 2, including handover (HO) of the UE to another cell. HO using LTM is realized by lower layers such as the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer.

[0004] 3GPP has specified a measurement report triggered by a predefined event (event-triggered measurement reporting) (Non-Patent Document 1). This measurement report is performed in a higher layer, specifically in Layer 3. In 3GPP Release 19, the introduction of a measurement report triggered by an event in a lower layer (called event-triggered L1 measurement reporting) is being considered (Non-Patent Document 2).

[0005] 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; NR; Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol specification (Release 18), 3GPP, December 2023 "New WID: NR mobility enhancements Phase 4", RP-234036, 3GPP TSG RAN Meeting #102, 3GPP, December 2023

[0006] In event-triggered L1 measurement reporting, similar to existing Layer 3 measurement reporting (hereinafter referred to as event-triggered L3 measurement reporting), the UE is expected to transmit a measurement report to the network when an entering condition specified for each event is met.

[0007] Furthermore, in the case of lower layers, fluctuations in reception quality are likely to be more pronounced than in higher layers, and it is expected that the state in which the entering condition is satisfied and the state in which it is not satisfied will be repeated frequently. Furthermore, when a UE is in the sky, especially when it is mounted on a UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) such as a drone (hereinafter referred to as a drone UE), visibility is good, so the reception quality of many neighboring cells will frequently satisfy the entering condition, and there is a concern that measurement reports will be transmitted more frequently.

[0008] In addition, since measurement reports from drone UEs can reach neighboring cells, there is a concern that measurement reports intended for a specific cell may become a source of interference to other cells.

[0009] Therefore, the following disclosure has been made in consideration of such circumstances, and aims to provide a terminal and a wireless communication method that can prevent the terminal from becoming a source of interference to other cells while taking into account the characteristics of lower layers.

[0010] One aspect of the present disclosure is a terminal (UE200) that includes a transmitting unit (control signal / reference signal processing unit 240) that transmits measurement reports by a lower layer, and a control unit (control unit 270) that decides to transmit the measurement report and includes at least one of the target cells and beams in the measurement report when at least one of an entering condition that determines whether to include the target in the measurement report and a leaving condition that determines whether to exclude the target from the measurement report is satisfied.

[0011] One aspect of the present disclosure is a terminal (UE200) that includes a transmitting unit (control signal / reference signal processing unit 240) that transmits measurement reports by a lower layer, and a control unit (control unit 270) that decides to transmit the measurement report when the number of cells or beams that satisfy an entering condition that determines whether or not to include them in the measurement report is equal to or greater than a threshold.

[0012] One aspect of the present disclosure is a wireless communication method in a terminal, which includes a step of transmitting a measurement report by a lower layer, and a step of deciding to transmit the measurement report and including at least one of the target cells and beams in the measurement report when at least one of an entering condition for determining whether to include the target cells and beams in the measurement report and a leaving condition for determining whether to exclude the target cells and beams from the measurement report is satisfied.

[0013] One aspect of the present disclosure is a wireless communication method in a terminal, including a step of transmitting a measurement report by a lower layer, and a step of deciding to transmit the measurement report if the number of cells or beams that satisfy an entering condition for determining whether to include them in the measurement report is equal to or greater than a threshold.

[0014] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an overall schematic configuration of a wireless communication system 10. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example configuration of a radio frame, a subframe, and a slot used in the wireless communication system 10. FIG. 3 is a functional block configuration diagram of a gNB 100 and a UE 200. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example sequence of measurement reporting according to an operation example 1. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example event of event triggered L1 measurement reporting. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a cellsTriggeredList according to an operation example 1 (when an entering condition is satisfied). FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a cellsTriggeredList according to an operation example 1 (when a leaving condition is satisfied). FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of a beamsTriggredList according to an operation example 1 (when an entering condition is satisfied). FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of a beamsTriggredList according to an operation example 1 (when a leaving condition is satisfied). FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example sequence of measurement reporting according to an operation example 2. FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of a gNB 100 and a UE 200. FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a vehicle 2001.

[0015] Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the same or similar reference numerals are used to designate the same functions or configurations, and descriptions thereof will be omitted as appropriate.

[0016] (1) Overall Schematic Configuration of Wireless Communication System Fig. 1 is a diagram showing the overall schematic configuration of a wireless communication system 10 according to this embodiment. The wireless communication system 10 is a wireless communication system conforming to 5G New Radio (NR) and includes a Next Generation-Radio Access Network 20 (hereinafter, NG-RAN 20) and a terminal 200 (User Equipment 200, hereinafter, UE 200).

[0017] The wireless communication system 10 may be a wireless communication system conforming to a method called Beyond 5G, 5G Evolution, or 6G, or may include a wireless communication system conforming to a method called Long Term Evolution (LTE) or 4G. The wireless communication system 10 may support functions related to the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) and Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communications (URLLC).

[0018] The NG-RAN 20 includes a radio base station 100 (hereinafter, gNB 100). Note that the specific configuration of the radio communication system 10, including the number of gNBs (or eNBs, etc.) and UEs, is not limited to the example shown in FIG. 1 .

[0019] The gNB 100 may also employ a fronthaul (FH) interface defined by the Open Radio Access Network Alliance (O-RAN). The gNB 100 may include an O-RAN Distributed Unit (O-DU) and an O-RAN Radio Unit (O-RU). The gNB 100 can function as a type of NG-RAN node.

[0020] The NG-RAN 20 actually includes multiple NG-RAN nodes, specifically, gNBs (or ng-eNBs), and is connected to a 5G core network (5GC, not shown). The NG-RAN 20 and the 5GC may be simply referred to as a "network." The 5GC may introduce the concept of CUPS (Control and User Plane Separation), which clearly separates the functions of the user plane and the control plane.

[0021] The gNB100 is a radio base station conforming to NR, and performs radio communication conforming to NR with the UE200. The gNB100 may be configured to include a CU (Central Unit) and a DU (Distributed Unit), and the DU may be separated from the CU and installed in a different geographical location. One or more DUs may be connected to the CU. The gNB100 (gNB-CU) may be connected to each other via an Xn interface, and the CU and DU may be connected to each other via an F1 interface (such as an F1-AP). In this embodiment, the CU may be called a communication device or a central device. The DU may be called a distributed device.

[0022] UE200 may be a general terminal such as a smartphone, a terminal with limited capabilities for IoT (Internet of Things), or a drone UE mounted on a UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) such as a drone in the sky.

[0023] The gNB100 and UE200 are capable of supporting Massive MIMO, which generates more directional beams by controlling radio signals transmitted from multiple antenna elements; Carrier Aggregation (CA), which aggregates and uses multiple component carriers (CCs); and Dual Connectivity (DC), which enables simultaneous communication between the UE and multiple NG-RAN nodes.

[0024] The type of DC may be Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC) that uses multiple radio access technologies, or NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NR-DC) that uses only NR. For example, one gNB may constitute a master node (MN), and one or more other gNBs may constitute secondary nodes (SNs).

[0025] In the DC, a master cell group (MCG) and a secondary cell group (SCG) may be configured. The MCG may include a primary cell (PCell), and the SCG may include a secondary cell (SCell).

[0026] Furthermore, the SCell may include a primary / secondary cell (PSCell). A PSCell is a type of SCell, but may be interpreted as a special SCell having the same functions as a PCell. A PSCell may perform functions such as transmitting a PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel), a contention-based random access procedure (CBRA), and radio link monitoring (downlink radio quality monitoring), just like a PCell. An SpCell may refer to a PCell and a PSCell.

[0027] The wireless communication system 10 may also support multiple frequency ranges (FR) as follows:

[0028] ・FR1: 410 MHz to 7.125 GHz ・FR2-1: 24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz FR1 may use a sub-carrier spacing (SCS) of 15, 30, or 60 kHz and a bandwidth (BW) of 5 to 100 MHz. FR2-1 is a higher frequency than FR1 and may use a sub-carrier spacing (SCS) of 60 or 120 kHz (including 240 kHz) and a bandwidth (BW) of 50 to 400 MHz.

[0029] Note that SCS may be interpreted as numerology, which is defined in 3GPP TS38.300 and corresponds to one subcarrier spacing in the frequency domain.

[0030] Furthermore, the wireless communication system 10 also supports a frequency band higher than the FR2-1 frequency band. Specifically, the wireless communication system 10 supports a frequency band exceeding 52.6 GHz up to 71 GHz. Such a high frequency band may be referred to as FR2-2.

[0031] When using bands above 52.6 GHz, Cyclic Prefix-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (CP-OFDM) / Discrete Fourier Transform - Spread (DFT-S-OFDM) with larger Sub-Carrier Spacing (SCS) may be applied.

[0032] Additionally, as mentioned above, in high frequency bands such as FR2-2, increased inter-carrier phase noise becomes an issue, which may necessitate the application of a larger (wider) SCS or a single-carrier waveform.

[0033] The larger the SCS, the shorter the symbol / cyclic prefix (CP) period and slot period (assuming a 14 symbol / slot configuration is maintained). Figure 2 shows an example of the configuration of radio frames, subframes, and slots used in the wireless communication system 10.

[0034] If the 14-symbol / slot configuration is maintained, the larger (wider) the SCS, the shorter the symbol period (and slot period). The symbol period may also be called the symbol length, time direction, or time domain. The frequency direction may also be called the frequency domain, resource block, subcarrier, BWP (Bandwidth part), etc.

[0035] The frequency resources may include component carriers (CCs), subcarriers, resource blocks (RBs), resource block groups (RBGs), bandwidth parts (BWPs), etc. The time resources may include symbols, slots, minislots, subframes, radio frames, discontinuous reception (DRX) periods, etc.

[0036] The number of symbols constituting one slot does not necessarily have to be 14 (for example, 28 or 56 symbols). Also, the number of slots per subframe may differ depending on the SCS.

[0037] In the wireless communication system 10, not only mobility control of the UE 200 in layer 3 (which may be called L3 Mobility) but also mobility control in layer 1 and / or layer 2 (L1 / L2 Mobility) may be applied. L1 / L2 Mobility may be called LTM, and the name LTM will be mainly used hereinafter.

[0038] L3 Mobility may be interpreted as mobility control at the Radio Resource Control layer (RRC), while L1 / L2 Mobility may be interpreted as mobility control at the Physical layer (PHY), Medium Access Control layer (MAC), Radio Link Control layer (RLC), and Packet Data Convergence Protocol layer (PDCP) (mobility control by lower layers).

[0039] In addition, in UE-based LTM, like conditional handover (CHO), after the radio base station (gNB) receives a specific execution condition, the UE monitors the status according to the execution condition and may execute LTM if the execution condition is satisfied.

[0040] Note that the LTM may include LTM fast failure recovery. LTM fast failure recovery is a mechanism in which, in the event of an LTM failure, the UE 200 performs cell selection, and if the selected cell is an LTM candidate cell, the UE 200 directly applies the configuration of the candidate cell without transmitting an RRCReestablishmentRequest to the gNB 100.

[0041] In a broad sense, the mobility of UE200 may mean the ease of movement and maneuverability of UE200, but in this embodiment, it may also mean minimizing call drops, radio link (including beam) failures, unnecessary handovers, ping-pong states, etc.

[0042] The UE 200 transmits a measurement report (hereinafter, referred to as a Measurement report) including reception qualities for cells including a serving cell and neighboring cells to the network. The procedure by which the UE 200 transmits the Measurement report may be referred to as Measurement reporting. The reception qualities for the cells may include reception qualities of beams from the cells, or may include reception qualities of cells based on beams from the cells.

[0043] The UE 200 may periodically perform measurement reporting. The UE 200 may perform measurement reporting for each event. An entering condition for starting measurement reporting and a leaving condition for ending measurement reporting may be defined for each event. The existing events may include the following events (see 3GPP TS38.331). Note that the entering condition may be interpreted as a condition for determining whether or not to include a measurement report target, and the leaving condition may be interpreted as a condition for determining whether or not to exclude a measurement report target.

[0044] (i) Event A1 (Serving becomes better than threshold) Event A1 is an event in which the reception quality of the serving cell becomes better than a threshold. For example, the entering condition is Ms - Hys > Thresh, and the leaving condition is Ms + Hys < Thresh.

[0045] Here, Ms is the reception quality of the serving cell, Hys is a hysteresis parameter, and Thresh is a threshold value.

[0046] (ii) Event A2 (Serving Becomes Worse Than Threshold) Event A2 is an event in which the reception quality of the serving cell becomes worse than a threshold. For example, the entering condition is Ms + Hys < Thresh, and the leaving condition is Ms - Hys > Thresh.

[0047] Here, Ms is the reception quality of the serving cell, Hys is a hysteresis parameter, and Thresh is a threshold value.

[0048] (iii) Event A3 (Neighbor becomes offset better than SpCell) Event A3 is an event in which the reception quality of a neighboring cell becomes offset better than the reception quality of the serving cell. For example, the entering condition is Mn + Ofn + Ocn - Hys > Mp + Ofp + Ocp + Off, and the leaving condition is Mn + Ofn + Ocn + Hys < Mp + Ofp + Ocp + Off.

[0049] where Mn is the reception quality of the neighboring cell, Ofn is the offset specific to the measurement object, and Ocn is the offset specific to the cell. Mp is the reception quality of the serving cell, Ofp is the offset specific to the measurement object, and Ocp is the offset specific to the cell. Hys is the hysteresis parameter, and Off is the parameter used in Event A3.

[0050] (iv) Event A4 (Neighbor becomes better than threshold) Event A4 is an event in which the reception quality of a neighboring cell becomes better than a threshold. For example, the entering condition is Mn + Ofn + Ocn - Hys > Thresh, and the leaving condition is Mn + Ofn + Ocn + Hys < Thresh.

[0051] where Mn is the reception quality of the neighboring cell, Ofn is an offset specific to the measurement object, Ocn is an offset specific to the cell, Hys is a hysteresis parameter, and Thresh is a threshold value.

[0052] (v) Event A5 (SpCell becomes worse than threshold1 and neighbor becomes better than threshold2) Event A5 is an event in which the reception quality of the serving cell becomes worse than a threshold and the reception quality of the neighboring cell becomes better than a threshold. For example, the entering condition is Mp + Hys < Thresh1 and Mn + Ofn + Ocn - Hys > Thresh2, and the leaving condition is Mp - Hys > Thresh1 and Mn + Ofn + Ocn + Hys < Thresh2.

[0053] where Ms is the receiving quality of the serving cell, Hys is a hysteresis parameter, Thresh1 is a threshold, Mn is the receiving quality of the neighboring cell, Ofn is a measurement object-specific offset, and Ocn is a cell-specific offset, Hys is a hysteresis parameter, and Thresh2 is a threshold.

[0054] (vi) Event A6 (Neighbor becomes offset better than SCell) Event A6 is an event in which the reception quality of a neighboring cell becomes offset better than the reception quality of an SCell (Secondary Cell). For example, the entering condition is Mn + Ocn - Hys > Ms + Ocs + Off, and the leaving condition is Mn + Ocn + Hys < Ms + Ocs + Off.

[0055] In addition to the events described above, events related to RATs (Radio Access technologies) (e.g., B1 (Inter RAT neighbor becomes better than threshold), B2 (Serving becomes worse than threshold1 and inter RAT neighbor becomes better than threshold2)) may be included.

[0056] Here, Mn is the reception quality of the neighboring cell, Ocn is a cell-specific offset, Ms is the reception quality of the SCell, Ocs is a cell-specific offset, Hys is a hysteresis parameter, and Off is a parameter used in Event A6.

[0057] (2) Functional Block Configuration of Wireless Communication System Next, a functional block configuration of the wireless communication system 10 will be described. Specifically, a functional block configuration of the UE 200 will be described. Fig. 3 is a functional block configuration diagram of the gNB 100 and the UE 200.

[0058] As shown in FIG. 3 , the UE 200 includes a radio signal transmitting / receiving unit 210, an amplifier unit 220, a modulation / demodulation unit 230, a control signal / reference signal processing unit 240, an encoding / decoding unit 250, a data transmitting / receiving unit 260, and a control unit 270.

[0059] It should be noted that Fig. 3 shows only the main functional blocks relevant to the description of the embodiment, and that the UE 200 (gNB 100) has other functional blocks (e.g., a power supply unit, etc.). Fig. 3 shows the functional block configuration of the UE 200, and for the hardware configuration, please refer to Fig. 11.

[0060] The radio signal transmitting / receiving unit 210 transmits and receives radio signals conforming to NR (5G). The radio signal transmitting / receiving unit 210 can support Massive MIMO, which generates a more directional beam by controlling radio (RF) signals transmitted from multiple antenna elements, Carrier Aggregation (CA), which aggregates and uses multiple component carriers (CCs), and Dual Connectivity (DC), which simultaneously communicates between a UE and two NG-RAN nodes.

[0061] The amplifier unit 220 is configured by a PA (Power Amplifier) / LNA (Low Noise Amplifier), etc. The amplifier unit 220 amplifies the signal output from the modulation / demodulation unit 230 to a predetermined power level. The amplifier unit 220 also amplifies the RF signal output from the radio signal transmission / reception unit 210.

[0062] The modem unit 230 performs data modulation / demodulation, transmission power setting, resource block allocation, etc. for each predetermined communication destination (e.g., gNB 100). The modem unit 230 may apply Cyclic Prefix-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (CP-OFDM) / Discrete Fourier Transform - Spread (DFT-S-OFDM). Furthermore, DFT-S-OFDM may be used not only for the uplink (UL) but also for the downlink (DL).

[0063] The control signal and reference signal processor 240 executes processing related to various control signals transmitted and received by the UE 200 and processing related to various reference signals transmitted and received by the UE 200 .

[0064] Specifically, the control signal / reference signal processing unit 240 receives various control signals, for example, control signals of a radio resource control layer (RRC), transmitted via a predetermined control channel from the gNB 100. In addition, the control signal / reference signal processing unit 240 transmits various control signals to the gNB 100 via a predetermined control channel.

[0065] The control signal and reference signal processor 240 performs processing using reference signals (RS) such as a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) and a Tracking Reference Signal (TRS).

[0066] The DMRS is a reference signal (pilot signal) known between the base station and the terminal for estimating the fading channel used for data demodulation, while the TRS is a reference signal used to track time and frequency fluctuations in the downlink.

[0067] In addition to DMRS and TRS, the reference signals may also include Channel State Information-Reference Signal (CSI-RS), Sounding Reference Signal (SRS), and Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) for position information.

[0068] The channels include a control channel and a data channel. The control channels may include a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH), a Random Access Channel (RACH, Downlink Control Information (DCI) including a Random Access Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RA-RNTI)), a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH), etc.

[0069] Furthermore, the data channel includes a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) and a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), etc. Data may refer to data transmitted via a data channel.

[0070] Furthermore, the control signal and reference signal processor 240 may receive a message (signaling) including a cell quality measurement configuration. Specifically, the control signal and reference signal processor 240 may receive an RRC message or system information (SIB: System Information Block) including measConfig, which is a type of information element (IE) defined in 3GPP TS38.331. Note that the message (signaling) may be realized by a physical layer (PHY) or a medium access control layer (MAC). Furthermore, measConfig may include a setting for an entering condition or a leaving condition.

[0071] The control signal and reference signal processor 240 may measure the quality of the serving cell and neighboring cells (or beams) according to the measConfig and transmit a measurement report including the measurement results to the network (gNB 100). Specifically, the control signal and reference signal processor 240 can perform measurements by higher layers (such as RRC) and lower layers (such as PHY and MAC).

[0072] The control signal and reference signal processor 240 can execute a measurement report triggered by an event in a higher layer (such as the above-mentioned Events A1 to A6) (event triggered L3 measurement reporting) and a measurement report triggered by the event in a lower layer (event triggered L1 measurement reporting). The control signal and reference signal processor 240 can transmit measurement reports from the higher layer and the lower layer. In this embodiment, the control signal and reference signal processor 240 may constitute a transmitter.

[0073] Specifically, the control signal and reference signal processor 240 can transmit a measurement report including the measured measurement results to the network.

[0074] The network can configure measurement reporting to cause the UE to report measurement results for each SS / PBCH block. The network may configure measurement reporting to cause the UE to report measurement results for each SS / PBCH block(s), or may configure measurement reporting to cause the UE to report measurement results for each cell based on the SS / PBCH block(s). The network may configure measurement reporting to cause the UE to report measurement results for each CSI-RS resource, or may configure measurement reporting to cause the UE to report measurement results for each cell based on the CSI-RS resource.

[0075] Furthermore, the control signal and reference signal processor 240 may transmit to the network capability information of the UE 200. For example, the control signal and reference signal processor 240 may transmit to the gNB 100 UE capability information relating to various conditions (such as a trigger condition, an entering condition, or a leaving condition) of CHO, LTM, and measurement reporting.

[0076] The encoding / decoding unit 250 performs data division / concatenation and channel coding / decoding for each predetermined communication destination (gNB 100 or another gNB).

[0077] Specifically, the encoding / decoding unit 250 divides the data output from the data transmitting / receiving unit 260 into pieces of a predetermined size, performs channel coding on the divided data, decodes the data output from the modem unit 230, and concatenates the decoded data.

[0078] The data transmitter / receiver 260 transmits and receives Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and Service Data Units (SDUs). Specifically, the data transmitter / receiver 260 assembles and disassembles PDUs / SDUs in multiple layers (such as a Medium Access Control layer (MAC), a Radio Link Control layer (RLC), and a Packet Data Convergence Protocol layer (PDCP)). The data transmitter / receiver 260 also performs data error correction and retransmission control based on Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (Hybrid ARQ).

[0079] The control unit 270 controls each functional block constituting the UE 200. In particular, in this embodiment, the control unit 270 executes control related to measurement reports. For example, the control unit 270 may execute control related to event triggered L3 measurement reporting and event triggered L1 measurement reporting. The control related to event triggered L1 measurement reporting will be described below.

[0080] If at least one of the entering condition and leaving condition of the Measurement report is satisfied, the control unit 270 may decide to transmit the Measurement report and may include at least one of the target cell and beam in the Measurement report.

[0081] As described above, the entering condition may be interpreted as a condition for determining whether or not to include a measurement report.

[0082] The leaving condition may be interpreted as a condition for determining whether to exclude a cell or beam from the target of the measurement report. Specifically, the leaving condition may be interpreted as a condition for determining whether to exclude a cell or beam that satisfies the entering condition and is included in the target of the measurement report from the target of the measurement report.

[0083] The cells and beams of interest may refer to cells or beams that are newly added by satisfying an entering condition. Similarly, the cells and beams of interest may refer to cells or beams that are excluded by satisfying a leaving condition.

[0084] The target cells and beams may be cells or beams that continue to satisfy the conditions, or may be only cells or beams that are newly added by satisfying the entering condition, or only cells or beams that are excluded by satisfying the leaving condition.

[0085] The control unit 270 may include in the Measurement report a list of at least one of cells and beams that newly satisfy the conditions. Specifically, the control unit 270 may include in the Measurement report a cellsTriggeredList for cells and / or a beamsTriggredList for beams. The list may include one or more cells or beams. Furthermore, the list does not necessarily have to be distinguished into cellsTriggeredList and beamsTriggredList, and a single list that combines both lists may be used.

[0086] The control unit 270 may generate a list indicating cells or beams that have satisfied the entering condition. That is, the control unit 270 may generate a cellsTriggeredList indicating cells that have newly satisfied the entering condition or a beamsTriggredList indicating beams that have newly satisfied the entering condition.

[0087] Similarly, the control unit 270 may generate a list excluding cells or beams that have satisfied the leaving condition. That is, the control unit 270 may generate a cellsTriggeredList indicating cells that have newly satisfied the leaving condition and a beamsTriggredList indicating beams that have newly satisfied the leaving condition.

[0088] Furthermore, the control unit 270 may determine to transmit a measurement report when the number of cells or beams satisfying the entering condition is equal to or greater than a threshold. That is, when the number of cells or beams is less than a threshold (e.g., 2 or 3), the control unit 270 may suspend transmission of the measurement report even if a new cell or beam that satisfies the entering condition is generated. Here, "suspend" (hereinafter the same) may mean delaying transmission of the measurement report or canceling transmission of the measurement report. Note that the suspension of transmission of the measurement report may be limited to the case of a drone UE.

[0089] The beams that satisfy the entering condition may be interpreted as synchronization signal blocks (SSBs: (Synchronization Signal) / PBCH (Physical Broadcast CHannel) Blocks) or channel state information estimation reference signals (CSI-RS). If the number of SSBs or beams that satisfy the entering condition is equal to or greater than a threshold, the control unit 270 may determine to transmit a measurement report. The SSBs are mainly transmitted periodically so that the UE 200 can detect cell IDs and reception timings when starting communication. The SSBs may also be used to measure the reception quality of each cell. The CSI-RS may refer to a reference signal transmitted to measure the state of the wireless channel.

[0090] Furthermore, the control unit 270 may determine whether to transmit a measurement report based on the threshold value set in units of frequency resources or resources to which channel state information estimation reference signals (CSI-RS) are allocated. Specifically, the threshold value may be set for each frequency band, component carrier (CC), or BWP. Alternatively, the threshold value may be set for each CSI resource configuration.

[0091] When a report prohibition timer (which may be simply referred to as a Prohibit timer) is activated, the control unit 270 may suspend transmission of the Measurement report even if the number of cells or beams that satisfy the entering condition is equal to or greater than a threshold. Specifically, the control unit 270 may activate the Prohibit timer after transmitting the Measurement report.

[0092] If the Prohibit timer is active (i.e., has not expired), the control unit 270 may not transmit the next Measurement report even if the number of cells or beams that satisfy the entering condition is equal to or greater than the threshold. Note that the control unit 270 may transmit the reserved Measurement report (cell or beam) after the Prohibit timer expires.

[0093] Furthermore, the control unit 270 may determine to transmit a measurement report only once. Specifically, if an entering condition (or a leaving condition) is satisfied, the control unit 270 may transmit a measurement report once, and thereafter, may stop (cancel) transmitting the measurement report. The control unit 270 may always perform such an operation in accordance with the 3GPP specifications, or may perform such an operation in accordance with signaling of a higher layer (such as RRC).

[0094] Furthermore, the gNB100 (the control signal / reference signal processing unit 240 or the control unit 270) may have a function corresponding to the above-mentioned UE 200. For example, the gNB100 may have a function of receiving a measurement report from the UE 200 and a function of controlling handover of the UE 200 based on Measurement Results included in the received measurement report.

[0095] (3) Operation of the Wireless Communication System Next, a description will be given of the operation of the wireless communication system 10. Specifically, the operation related to event-triggered L1 measurement reporting by the UE 200 will be described.

[0096] (3.1) Operational Example 1 (3.1.1) Assumptions and Issues As described above, it is assumed that the same entering conditions as those for event-triggered L3 measurement reporting are applied to event-triggered L1 measurement reporting.

[0097] However, in event-triggered L1 measurement reporting, if the quality of a cell or beam (cell / beam) once satisfies a condition (hereinafter also referred to as satisfying the event) and the UE executes a measurement report, and then the event is no longer satisfied (e.g., the quality of the cell / beam deteriorates), the UE's behavior must be carefully considered. In particular, in the case of lower layers, fluctuations in reception quality tend to be more pronounced than in higher layers, and it is expected that the reception quality of the cell or beam will deteriorate and the entering condition will no longer be satisfied frequently. In light of this situation, it is considered inappropriate to simply apply a measurement reporting scheme in higher layers.

[0098] (3.1.2) Operational Examples Below, operational examples that can solve the above-mentioned problems will be described. Fig. 4 shows an example of a measurement report sequence according to operational example 1. Fig. 5 shows an example of an event triggered L1 measurement reporting. The meanings of abbreviations such as Mn, Ofn, Ocn, and Hys shown in Fig. 5 are as described above.

[0099] 4 and 5, a leaving condition for an event may be set in event triggered L1 measurement reporting (hereinafter, abbreviated as L1 Measurement reporting as appropriate). As described above, the leaving condition may mean a condition for determining that the event is no longer satisfied (a condition for determining whether to exclude the event from the measurement report targets).

[0100] In the L1 Measurement reporting configuration, the UE may trigger L1 Measurement reporting when a cell / beam satisfies a leaving condition of an event. To control whether L1 Measurement reporting is necessary, a new indication (reportOnleave) may be defined (for example, it may be defined as part (field) of an information element of the RRC layer).

[0101] When a cell / beam satisfies the leaving condition of an event and triggers an L1 measurement reporting, the UE may include information in the measurement report that explicitly indicates the cell / beam that satisfies the leaving condition. The target cell / beam may be indicated by a cell ID / beam index. Note that the UE may transmit this information separately from the measurement report.

[0102] Furthermore, in L1 Measurement reporting, a list for reporting cells / beams may be used. Specifically, a cellsTriggeredList for cells or a beamsTriggredList for beams may be used.

[0103] For example, the UE may include a cell that satisfies the entering condition of the event in the cellsTriggeredList to trigger L1 Measurement reporting. Similarly, the UE may include a beam that satisfies the entering condition of the event in the beamsTriggredList to trigger L1 Measurement reporting.

[0104] Fig. 6 shows an example of cellsTriggeredList (when the entering condition is satisfied) according to Operation Example 1. Fig. 7 shows an example of cellsTriggeredList (when the leaving condition is satisfied) according to Operation Example 1.

[0105] Fig. 8 shows an example of beamsTriggredList (when the entering condition is satisfied) according to Operation Example 1. Fig. 9 shows an example of beamsTriggredList (when the leaving condition is satisfied) according to Operation Example 1.

[0106] As shown in Figures 6-9, the list may include only cells / beams that newly satisfied the entering or leaving conditions within the Time To Trigger (TTT) of the report.

[0107] The cellsTriggeredList / beamsTriggredList may include the PCI (Physical Cell ID), candidate target configuration ID, TCI state ID, or beam index of the cell / beam that satisfies the entering condition.

[0108] If a cell / beam satisfies the leaving condition, the UE may exclude the cell / beam from cellsTriggeredList / beamsTriggredList and trigger L1 measurement reporting. Alternatively, the UE may include only cells / beams that satisfy the leaving condition in the list, or may report the cell / beam individually to the network. That is, the UE may explicitly indicate the excluded cell / beam when excluding the cell / beam from cellsTriggeredList / beamsTriggredList and performing L1 measurement reporting.

[0109] Furthermore, when a cell / beam satisfies the entering condition, the UE may add the cell / beam to the cellsTriggeredList / beamsTriggredList and explicitly indicate the added cell / beam when performing L1 measurement reporting.

[0110] The management of the leaving condition may be realized by signaling in the physical layer (PHY), medium access control layer (MAC), or radio resource control layer (RRC). In the case of a beam, the signaling may be directed to SSB or CSI-RS instead of the beam itself. The UL resource used for L1 measurement reporting may be specified by uplink control information (UCI) or MAC-CE (Control Element).

[0111] The maximum number of cells / beams to be included in the cellsTriggeredList / beamsTriggeredList may be predetermined by the 3GPP specifications or may be dynamically set by signaling such as RRC. Also, the maximum number of cells / beams may be determined based on UE Capability Information reported from the UE.

[0112] Furthermore, when the UE receives a cell switch command from the network and the target side RRC configuration is applied, the UE may clear the contents of cellsTriggeredList / beamsTriggredList.

[0113] (3.2) Operation Example 2 (3.2.1) Assumptions and Issues As mentioned above, UEs may include UEs that are in the air, such as drone UEs. Because drone UEs have good visibility, the reception qualities of many neighboring cells may satisfy the entering condition more frequently, which raises concerns that drone UEs may transmit measurement reports more frequently.

[0114] In addition, since measurement reports from drone UEs can reach neighboring cells, there is a concern that measurement reports for a specific cell may become a source of interference to other cells. In other words, if a drone UE triggers excessive L1 measurement reporting, it is likely to cause interference in the UL direction of other cells.

[0115] (3.2.2) Operational Examples An operational example that can solve the above-mentioned problems will be described below. Fig. 10 shows an example of a measurement report sequence according to the operational example 2.

[0116] As shown in Figure 10, the UE may trigger L1 Measurement reporting, for example, when the number of cells satisfying the entering condition of Event X (see Figure 5) is equal to or exceeds a predetermined threshold (numberOfTriggeringCells).

[0117] Similarly, the UE may trigger L1 Measurement reporting when the number of beams (which may be SSB or CSI-RS) that satisfy the entering condition of event X is equal to or exceeds a predetermined threshold (numberOfTriggeringBeams).

[0118] The predetermined thresholds (numberOfTriggeringCells, numberOfTriggeringBeams) may be set for each frequency band, component carrier (CC), or BWP. Alternatively, the predetermined thresholds (particularly, numberOfTriggeringBeams) may be set for each CSI resource configuration. L1 measurement reporting to which the predetermined thresholds are applied may be limited to cases where entering conditions for multiple events (e.g., Events A3 and A5) are simultaneously satisfied.

[0119] In addition, a prohibit timer may be applied to control L1 Measurement reporting. Specifically, the UE may start the prohibit timer after satisfying the entering condition of a specific event X and triggering L1 Measurement reporting once.

[0120] The UE does not need to trigger L1 Measurement reporting even if a new cell / beam that satisfies the entering condition of Event X occurs while the Prohibit timer is running (the Prohibit timer has not expired). The UE may trigger L1 Measurement reporting if a cell that satisfies the entering condition of Event X exists after the Prohibit timer has expired.

[0121] The prohibit timer may also be set for each frequency band, component carrier (CC), or BWP, or may be set for each CSI resource configuration. In addition, the prohibit timer may be activated when entering conditions for multiple events are met simultaneously.

[0122] Furthermore, the timing for starting the prohibit timer may be set to a predetermined time (X symbols / slots / ms) after receiving an acknowledgment (ACK) for the measurement report (beam report), specifically, a DCI, in order to avoid collision with the retransmission of the measurement report. When starting the prohibit timer after triggering an L1 measurement report, the UE may immediately transmit beam reports with the same HARQ process ID without applying the above-mentioned operation.

[0123] Although L1 Measurement Reporting is assumed to be performed multiple times, in this operation example, the UE may transmit a report only once after a specific event condition (which may include an entering condition and a leaving condition) is satisfied. Such an operation may be predefined by a 3GPP specification or may be explicitly and dynamically configured by signaling of a higher layer (e.g., RRC). For example, if reportOnleave is configured, two or more reports may be supported, and if reportOnleave is not configured, only one report may be assumed.

[0124] Alternatively, the UE may always send only one (single) report (event-beam report), i.e., when the UE sends a new event-triggered beam report, it does not need to send the previous event-triggered beam report.

[0125] In addition, when triggering L1 Measurement reporting, the UE may send a Scheduling Request (SR) to obtain a UL transmission grant, or may trigger L1 Measurement reporting by sending a UCI (which may or may not include a beam report) or a UL MAC CE.

[0126] According to the above-described operation example 1.2, when the UE decides to transmit a measurement report in accordance with the event-triggered L1 measurement reporting, the UE can include at least one of cells and beams that satisfy the entering condition or leaving condition and are the subject of the report in the measurement report. Furthermore, the UE can decide to transmit the measurement report when the number of cells or beams that satisfy the entering condition is equal to or greater than a threshold.

[0127] Therefore, even in the case of L1 Measurement Reporting, where fluctuations in reception quality are more likely to be significant than in the upper layer and where it is expected that the reception quality of the cell or beam will deteriorate and the entering conditions will no longer be satisfied, it is possible to achieve appropriate transmission of Measurement Reports while suppressing interference with other cells.

[0128] In addition, in operation example 1, since cellsTriggeredList / beamsTriggredList can be used, the target cells or beams can be reported to the network more efficiently and reliably.

[0129] Furthermore, in Operation Example 2, the predetermined thresholds (numberOfTriggeringCells, numberOfTriggeringBeams) may be set for each frequency band, component carrier (CC) or BWP, or for each CSI resource config. Also, by using a prohibit timer or limiting the number of times that measurement reports are transmitted, it is possible to more efficiently and reliably report target cells or beams to the network.

[0130] (4) Other Embodiments Although the embodiments have been described above, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the description of the embodiments, and that various modifications and improvements are possible.

[0131] For example, in the above-described embodiment, the description is given using the name "event triggered L1 measurement reporting," but this name may be a provisional name, and the name may be another name having a similar meaning. For example, as described above, it may be simply called "L1 Measurement reporting," or it may be called "Trigger event based report," or the like.

[0132] Also, in the above description, configure, activate, update, indicate, enable, specify, and select may be interchangeable. Similarly, link, associate, correspond, and map may be interchangeable, and allocate, assign, monitor, and map may be interchangeable.

[0133] Furthermore, specific, dedicated, UE-specific, and UE-dedicated may be interchangeable. Similarly, common, shared, group-common, UE-common, and UE-shared may be interchangeable.

[0134] In this disclosure, terms such as "precoding," "precoder," "weight (precoding weight)," "Quasi-Co-Location (QCL)," "Transmission Configuration Indication state (TCI state)," "spatial relation," "spatial domain filter," "transmit power," "phase rotation," "antenna port," "antenna port group," "layer," "number of layers," "rank," "resource," "resource set," "resource group," "beam," "beam width," "beam angle," "antenna," "antenna element," "panel," etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0135] The block diagram ( FIG. 3 ) used to explain the above-described embodiment shows functional blocks. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of hardware and / or software. Furthermore, the method for realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using a single device that is physically or logically coupled, or may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are connected directly or indirectly (e.g., via wire, wireless, etc.) and these multiple devices. The functional block may be realized by combining the single device or multiple devices with software.

[0136] Functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, determination, judgment, calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, consideration, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assignment. For example, a functional block (component) that performs transmission is called a transmitting unit or transmitter. As mentioned above, there are no particular limitations on how each is implemented.

[0137] Furthermore, the above-described gNB 100 and UE 200 (the devices) may function as a computer that performs processing of the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Figure 11 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of the devices. As shown in Figure 11, the devices may be configured as a computer including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, etc.

[0138] In the following description, the term "apparatus" can be interpreted as a circuit, a device, a unit, etc. The hardware configuration of the apparatus may be configured to include one or more of the apparatuses shown in the drawings, or may be configured to exclude some of the apparatuses.

[0139] Each functional block of the device (see FIG. 3) is realized by any hardware element of the computer device or a combination of the hardware elements.

[0140] In addition, each function of the device is realized by loading specified software (programs) onto hardware such as processor 1001 and memory 1002, causing processor 1001 to perform calculations, control communication via communication device 1004, and control at least one of reading and writing data in memory 1002 and storage 1003.

[0141] The processor 1001 controls the entire computer by running, for example, an operating system, and may be configured as a central processing unit (CPU) including an interface with peripheral devices, a control unit, an arithmetic unit, and registers.

[0142] The processor 1001 also reads programs (program codes), software modules, data, etc. from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002 and executes various processes in accordance with these. The programs used are those that cause a computer to execute at least some of the operations described in the above-described embodiments. Furthermore, the various processes described above may be executed by a single processor 1001, or may be executed simultaneously or sequentially by two or more processors 1001. The processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips. The programs may be transmitted from a network via a telecommunications line.

[0143] The memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be configured by at least one of, for example, a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), a random access memory (RAM), etc. The memory 1002 may also be called a register, a cache, a main memory (primary storage device), etc. The memory 1002 may store a program (program code), a software module, etc., capable of executing a method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0144] Storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium, and may be, for example, at least one of an optical disk such as a Compact Disc ROM (CD-ROM), a hard disk drive, a flexible disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disk, a digital versatile disk, a Blu-ray disc), a smart card, a flash memory (e.g., a card, a stick, a key drive), a floppy disk, a magnetic strip, etc. Storage 1003 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device. The above-mentioned recording medium may be, for example, a database, a server, or other suitable medium including at least one of memory 1002 and storage 1003.

[0145] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmission / reception device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also called, for example, a network device, a network controller, a network card, or a communication module.

[0146] The communication device 1004 may be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. to realize, for example, at least one of Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD).

[0147] The input device 1005 is an input device (e.g., a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, etc.) that receives input from the outside. The output device 1006 is an output device (e.g., a display, a speaker, an LED lamp, etc.) that outputs to the outside. Note that the input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be integrated into one device (e.g., a touch panel).

[0148] Furthermore, each device such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002 is connected to a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or may be configured using different buses between each device.

[0149] Furthermore, the device may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and some or all of the functional blocks may be realized by the hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these pieces of hardware.

[0150] Furthermore, the notification of information is not limited to the aspects / embodiments described in the present disclosure, and may be performed using other methods. For example, the notification of information may be performed by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI)), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB))), other signals, or a combination thereof. Furthermore, the RRC signaling may be referred to as an RRC message, and may be, for example, an RRC Connection Setup message, an RRC Connection Reconfiguration message, or the like.

[0151] Each aspect / embodiment described in the present disclosure may be applied to at least one of a system using Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, a 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), a 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), a 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), an xth generation mobile communication system (xG) (where x is, for example, an integer or a decimal), Future Radio Access (FRA), New Radio (NR), W-CDMA (registered trademark), GSM (registered trademark), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20, Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), or other suitable system, and a next-generation system extended based on these. Furthermore, a combination of multiple systems (e.g., a combination of at least one of LTE and LTE-A with 5G) may also be applied.

[0152] The order of the procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc. of each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be changed unless it is consistent. For example, the methods described in this disclosure present elements of various steps using an example order, and are not limited to the particular order presented.

[0153] In the present disclosure, a specific operation described as being performed by a base station may also be performed by its upper node in some cases. In a network consisting of one or more network nodes having a base station, it is clear that various operations performed for communication with a terminal may be performed by at least one of the base station and another network node other than the base station (e.g., MME or S-GW, etc., but are not limited to these). Although the above example illustrates a case where there is one other network node other than the base station, a combination of multiple other network nodes (e.g., MME and S-GW) may also be used.

[0154] Information, signals (information, etc.) may be output from a higher layer (or a lower layer) to a lower layer (or a higher layer), or may be input and output via multiple network nodes.

[0155] The input and output information may be stored in a specific location (for example, a memory) or may be managed using a management table. The input and output information may be overwritten, updated, or added to. The output information may be deleted. The input information may be transmitted to another device.

[0156] The determination may be made based on a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), a Boolean value (true or false), or a numerical comparison (e.g., comparison with a predetermined value).

[0157] The aspects / embodiments described in this disclosure may be used alone, in combination, or switched depending on the implementation. Notification of predetermined information (e.g., notification that "X is true") is not limited to explicit notification, but may be implicit (e.g., not notifying the predetermined information).

[0158] Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.

[0159] Software, instructions, information, etc. may also be transmitted or received over a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using wired technologies (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)), and / or wireless technologies (such as infrared, microwave), then these wired and / or wireless technologies are included within the definition of transmission media.

[0160] The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0161] Note that terms described in this disclosure and terms necessary for understanding this disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, at least one of a channel and a symbol may be a signal (signaling). Furthermore, a signal may be a message. Furthermore, a component carrier (CC) may be called a carrier frequency, a cell, a frequency carrier, etc.

[0162] As used in this disclosure, the terms "system" and "network" are used interchangeably.

[0163] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc. described in the present disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, may be expressed using relative values ​​from a predetermined value, or may be expressed using other corresponding information. For example, a radio resource may be indicated by an index.

[0164] The names used for the above-described parameters are not intended to be limiting in any way. Furthermore, the mathematical expressions using these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. The various channels (e.g., PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements may be identified by any suitable names, and therefore the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not intended to be limiting in any way.

[0165] In this disclosure, terms such as "base station (BS)," "radio base station," "fixed station," "NodeB," "eNodeB (eNB)," "gNodeB (gNB)," "access point," "transmission point," "reception point," "transmission / reception point," "cell," "sector," "cell group," "carrier," and "component carrier" may be used interchangeably. Base stations may also be referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, and picocell.

[0166] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells (also called sectors). When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the overall coverage area of ​​the base station can be divided into multiple smaller areas, and each smaller area can be provided with communication services by a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head: RRH)).

[0167] The terms "cell" or "sector" refer to part or all of the coverage area of ​​a base station and / or base station subsystem that provides communication services within that coverage area.

[0168] In the present disclosure, the base station transmitting information to a terminal may be interpreted as the base station instructing the terminal to control or operate based on the information.

[0169] In this disclosure, the terms "Mobile Station (MS)," "user terminal," "User Equipment (UE)," "terminal," etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0170] A mobile station may also be referred to by those skilled in the art as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other suitable terminology.

[0171] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be referred to as a transmitting device, a receiving device, a communication device, etc. At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on a mobile object, the mobile object itself, etc. The mobile object refers to a movable object, and may move at any speed. Naturally, this also includes cases where the mobile object is stationary. Examples of the mobile object include, but are not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcars, rickshaws, ships and other watercraft, airplanes, rockets, satellites, drones (registered trademark), multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and objects mounted thereon. The mobile object may also be a mobile object that moves autonomously based on an operational command. It may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), an unmanned mobile object (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device that does not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an IoT (Internet of Things) device such as a sensor.

[0172] Furthermore, a base station in the present disclosure may be read as a mobile station (user terminal, the same applies hereinafter). For example, the aspects / embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a mobile station is replaced with communication between multiple mobile stations (which may be called, for example, Device-to-Device (D2D) or Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X)). In this case, the mobile station may be configured to have the functions of a base station. Furthermore, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be read as terms corresponding to terminal-to-terminal communication (for example, "side"). For example, terms such as an uplink channel and a downlink channel may be read as a side channel (or sidelink).

[0173] Similarly, a mobile station in the present disclosure may be interpreted as a base station, in which case the base station may have the functions of a mobile station.

[0174] A radio frame may be composed of one or more frames in the time domain. Each of the one or more frames in the time domain may be called a subframe. A subframe may further be composed of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

[0175] Numerology may be communication parameters that apply to the transmission and / or reception of a signal or channel, such as subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame structure, specific filtering operations performed by the transceiver in the frequency domain, and specific windowing operations performed by the transceiver in the time domain.

[0176] A slot may consist of one or more symbols in the time domain (such as an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol, a Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbol, etc.) A slot may be a numerology-based time unit.

[0177] A slot may include multiple minislots. Each minislot may consist of one or more symbols in the time domain. A minislot may also be called a subslot. A minislot may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a minislot may be called PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a minislot may be called PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0178] The radio frame, subframe, slot, minislot, and symbol all represent time units for transmitting signals, and may be referred to by other names corresponding to the radio frame, subframe, slot, minislot, and symbol.

[0179] For example, one subframe may be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI), multiple consecutive subframes may be referred to as a TTI, or one slot or one minislot may be referred to as a TTI. That is, at least one of the subframe and the TTI may be a subframe (1 ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1 ms (e.g., 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Note that the unit representing the TTI may be called a slot, minislot, etc., instead of a subframe.

[0180] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest time unit for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, a base station schedules each user terminal to allocate radio resources (such as frequency bandwidth and transmission power that can be used by each user terminal) in TTI units. Note that the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0181] The TTI may be a transmission time unit for a channel-encoded data packet (transport block), a code block, a code word, etc., or may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. When a TTI is given, the time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) to which a transport block, a code block, a code word, etc. is actually mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

[0182] In addition, when one slot or one minislot is called a TTI, one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more minislots) may be the minimum time unit for scheduling, and the number of slots (minislots) constituting the minimum time unit for scheduling may be controlled.

[0183] A TTI having a time length of 1 ms may be referred to as a regular TTI (TTI in LTE Rel. 8-12), normal TTI, long TTI, regular subframe, normal subframe, long subframe, slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a regular TTI may be referred to as a shortened TTI, short TTI, partial or fractional TTI, shortened subframe, short subframe, minislot, subslot, slot, etc.

[0184] In addition, a long TTI (e.g., a normal TTI, a subframe, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a time length of more than 1 ms, and a short TTI (e.g., a shortened TTI, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a TTI length shorter than the TTI length of a long TTI and equal to or greater than 1 ms.

[0185] A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and the frequency domain, and may include one or more consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be the same regardless of numerology, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be determined based on numerology.

[0186] The time domain of an RB may include one or more symbols and may have a length of one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI, each of which may consist of one or more resource blocks.

[0187] Note that one or more RBs may also be called a physical resource block (PRB), a sub-carrier group (SCG), a resource element group (REG), a PRB pair, an RB pair, etc.

[0188] Furthermore, a resource block may be composed of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource region of one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0189] A Bandwidth Part (BWP) (which may also be referred to as a fractional bandwidth) may represent a subset of contiguous common resource blocks (RBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier, where the common RBs may be identified by their index relative to a common reference point of the carrier. PRBs may be defined in a given BWP and numbered within that BWP.

[0190] The BWP may include a BWP for UL (UL BWP) and a BWP for DL ​​(DL BWP). One or more BWPs may be configured for a UE within one carrier.

[0191] At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE may not expect to transmit or receive a given signal / channel outside the active BWP. Note that the terms "cell," "carrier," etc. in this disclosure may be read as "BWP."

[0192] The above-described structures of the radio frame, subframe, slot, minislot, and symbol are merely examples. For example, the number of subframes included in a radio frame, the number of slots per subframe or radio frame, the number of minislots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, the number of symbols in a TTI, the symbol length, the cyclic prefix (CP) length, and other configurations may be changed in various ways.

[0193] The terms "connected," "coupled," or any variation thereof, refer to any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are "connected" or "coupled" to each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, "connected" may be read as "access." As used in this disclosure, two elements may be considered to be "connected" or "coupled" to each other using one or more wires, cables, and / or printed electrical connections, as well as electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency range, microwave range, and optical (both visible and invisible) range, as some non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples.

[0194] The reference signal may also be abbreviated as Reference Signal (RS) and may be called a pilot depending on the applicable standard.

[0195] As used in this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based only on," unless expressly stated otherwise. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based only on" and "based at least on."

[0196] The "means" in the configuration of each of the above devices may be replaced with "part," "circuit," "device," etc.

[0197] As used in this disclosure, any reference to an element using a designation such as "first," "second," etc. does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Thus, a reference to a first and a second element does not imply that only two elements may be employed therein or that the first element must precede the second element in some way.

[0198] When the terms "include," "including," and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms are intended to be inclusive, similar to the term "comprising." Furthermore, when the term "or" is used in this disclosure, it is not intended to be an exclusive or.

[0199] In this disclosure, where articles are added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, the disclosure may include that the nouns following these articles are in the plural form.

[0200] As used in this disclosure, the terms "determining" and "determining" may encompass a wide variety of actions. "Determining" and "determining" may include, for example, judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, searching, inquiring (e.g., searching in a table, database, or other data structure), ascertaining, and the like. "Determining" and "determining" may also include receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input, output, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), and the like. Furthermore, "judgment" and "decision" can include regarding resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. as having been "judged" or "decided." In other words, "judgment" and "decision" can include regarding some action as having been "judged" or "decided." Furthermore, "judgment (decision)" can be interpreted as "assuming," "expecting," "considering," etc.

[0201] In the present disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "coupled" may also be interpreted in the same way as "different."

[0202] 12 shows an example of the configuration of a vehicle 2001. As shown in Fig. 12, the vehicle 2001 includes a drive unit 2002, a steering unit 2003, an accelerator pedal 2004, a brake pedal 2005, a shift lever 2006, left and right front wheels 2007, left and right rear wheels 2008, an axle 2009, an electronic control unit 2010, various sensors 2021 to 2029, an information service unit 2012, and a communication module 2013.

[0203] The drive unit 2002 is composed of, for example, an engine, a motor, or a hybrid of an engine and a motor. The steering unit 2003 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels and the rear wheels based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by the user. The electronic control unit 2010 is composed of a microprocessor 2031, memory (ROM, RAM) 2032, and a communication port (IO port) 2033. Signals from various sensors 2021 to 2027 provided in the vehicle are input to the electronic control unit 2010. The electronic control unit 2010 may also be called an ECU (Electronic Control Unit).

[0204] The signals from the various sensors 2021 to 2028 include a current signal from a current sensor 2021 that senses the current of the motor, a rotation speed signal of the front and rear wheels obtained by a rotation speed sensor 2022, an air pressure signal of the front and rear wheels obtained by an air pressure sensor 2023, a vehicle speed signal obtained by a vehicle speed sensor 2024, an acceleration signal obtained by an acceleration sensor 2025, an accelerator pedal depression amount signal obtained by an accelerator pedal sensor 2029, a brake pedal depression amount signal obtained by a brake pedal sensor 2026, a shift lever operation signal obtained by a shift lever sensor 2027, and a detection signal for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc. obtained by an object detection sensor 2028.

[0205] The information service unit 2012 is composed of various devices, such as a car navigation system, an audio system, speakers, a television, and a radio, for providing (outputting) various types of information, such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, and one or more ECUs for controlling these devices. The information service unit 2012 uses information acquired from external devices via the communication module 2013, etc., to provide various types of multimedia information and multimedia services to the occupants of the vehicle 1.

[0206] The information service unit 2012 may include input devices (e.g., keyboards, mice, microphones, switches, buttons, sensors, touch panels, etc.) that accept input from the outside, and may also include output devices (e.g., displays, speakers, LED lamps, touch panels, etc.) that output to the outside.

[0207] The driving assistance system unit 2030 is composed of various devices that provide functions for preventing accidents and reducing the driver's driving burden, such as millimeter-wave radar, LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), cameras, positioning locators (e.g., GNSS, etc.), map information (e.g., high-definition (HD) maps, autonomous vehicle (AV) maps, etc.), gyro systems (e.g., IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit), INS (Inertial Navigation System), etc.), AI (Artificial Intelligence) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. The driving assistance system unit 2030 also transmits and receives various information via the communication module 2013 to realize driving assistance functions or autonomous driving functions.

[0208] The communication module 2013 can communicate with the microprocessor 2031 and components of the vehicle 1 via the communication port. For example, the communication module 2013 transmits and receives data via the communication port 2033 to and from a driving unit 2002, a steering unit 2003, an accelerator pedal 2004, a brake pedal 2005, a shift lever 2006, left and right front wheels 2007, left and right rear wheels 2008, an axle 2009, a microprocessor 2031 and memory (ROM, RAM) 2032 in the electronic control unit 2010, and sensors 2021 to 2028, which are provided in the vehicle 2001.

[0209] The communication module 2013 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 2031 of the electronic control unit 2010 and can communicate with an external device. For example, it transmits and receives various information to and from the external device via wireless communication. The communication module 2013 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 2010. The external device may be, for example, a base station, a mobile station, or the like.

[0210] The communication module 2013 may transmit at least one of signals from the above-mentioned various sensors 2021 to 2028 input to the electronic control unit 2010, information obtained based on the signals, and information based on input from the outside (user) obtained via the information service unit 2012 to an external device via wireless communication. The electronic control unit 2010, the various sensors 2021 to 2028, the information service unit 2012, etc. may be referred to as input units that accept input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 2013 may include information based on the above-mentioned input.

[0211] The communication module 2013 receives various information (traffic information, traffic signal information, vehicle-to-vehicle information, etc.) transmitted from external devices and displays it on an information service unit 2012 provided in the vehicle. The information service unit 2012 may also be called an output unit that outputs information (for example, outputs information to a device such as a display or speaker based on the PDSCH (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH) received by the communication module 2013). The communication module 2013 also stores the various information received from external devices in a memory 2032 that can be used by the microprocessor 2031. Based on the information stored in the memory 2032, the microprocessor 2031 may control the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, shift lever 2006, left and right front wheels 2007, left and right rear wheels 2008, axles 2009, sensors 2021 to 2028, and the like provided in the vehicle 2001.

[0212] (Additional Note) The above disclosure may be expressed as follows: A first feature is a terminal including: a transmitter that transmits a measurement report by a lower layer; and a controller that, when at least one of an entering condition that determines whether to include a cell or a beam in the measurement report and a leaving condition that determines whether to exclude a cell or a beam from the measurement report is satisfied, determines to transmit the measurement report and includes at least one of a target cell and a target beam in the measurement report.

[0213] In a second feature based on the first feature, the control unit includes, in the measurement report, a list targeting at least one of the cells and the beams.

[0214] In a third feature, in the first or second feature, the control unit generates the list indicating the cells or the beams that satisfy the entering condition.

[0215] A fourth feature is the first to third features, wherein the control unit generates the list excluding the cells or the beams that satisfy the leaving condition.

[0216] A fifth feature, in any one of the first to fourth features, is that the control unit sets the leaving condition based on signaling of a physical layer, a medium access control layer, or a radio resource control layer.

[0217] A sixth feature is a terminal that includes a transmitting unit that transmits measurement reports from a lower layer, and a control unit that decides to transmit the measurement report when the number of cells or beams that satisfy an entering condition that determines whether or not to include them in the measurement report is greater than or equal to a threshold.

[0218] A seventh feature is based on the sixth feature, wherein the control unit determines to transmit the measurement report when the number of synchronization signal blocks or reference signals for channel state information estimation that satisfy the entering condition is equal to or greater than a threshold.

[0219] An eighth feature is, in the sixth or seventh feature, the control unit determines to transmit the measurement report based on the threshold value in units of a frequency direction resource or a resource to which the reference signal for estimating channel state information is allocated.

[0220] A ninth feature is that, in the sixth to eighth features, when a report prohibition timer is activated, the control unit suspends transmission of the measurement report even if the number of cells or beams that satisfy the entering condition is greater than or equal to a threshold value.

[0221] According to a tenth feature, in any one of the sixth to ninth features, the control unit determines to transmit the measurement report only once.

[0222] 10 Wireless communication system 20 NG-RAN 100 gNB 200 UE 210 Wireless signal transceiver 220 Amplifier 230 Modulation / demodulation unit 240 Control signal / reference signal processing unit 250 Encoding / decoding unit 260 Data transceiver 270 Control unit 1001 Processor 1002 Memory 1003 Storage 1004 Communication device 1005 Input device 1006 Output device 1007 Bus 2001 Vehicle 2002 Drive unit 2003 Steering unit 2004 Accelerator pedal 2005 Brake pedal 2006 Shift lever 2007 Left and right front wheels 2008 Left and right rear wheels 2009 Axle 2010 Electronic control unit 2012 Information service unit 2013 Communication module 2021 Current sensor 2022 Rotation speed sensor 2023 Air pressure sensor 2024 Vehicle speed sensor 2025 Acceleration sensor 2026 Brake pedal sensor 2027 Shift lever sensor 2028 Object detection sensor 2029 Accelerator pedal sensor 2030 Driving assistance system section 2031 Microprocessor 2032 Memory (ROM, RAM) 2033 Communication port

Claims

1. A terminal comprising: a transmitting unit that transmits measurement reports by a lower layer; and a control unit that decides to transmit the measurement report when the number of cells or beams that satisfy an entering condition that determines whether or not to include them in the measurement report is equal to or greater than a threshold.

2. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the control unit determines to transmit the measurement report when the number of synchronization signal blocks or reference signals for estimating channel state information that satisfy the entering condition is equal to or greater than a threshold.

3. The terminal according to claim 2, wherein the control unit determines whether to transmit the measurement report based on the threshold value in units of frequency direction resources or resources to which the reference signal for estimating channel state information is allocated.

4. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the control unit suspends transmission of the measurement report when a report prohibition timer is activated, even if the number of cells or beams that satisfy the entering condition is equal to or greater than a threshold value.

5. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the control unit determines to transmit the measurement report only once.

6. A wireless communication method in a terminal, comprising: a step of transmitting a measurement report by a lower layer; and a step of deciding to transmit the measurement report when the number of cells or beams that satisfy an entering condition for determining whether to include them in the measurement report is equal to or greater than a threshold.

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