Information transmission method and apparatus, and device and storage medium

Abstract

An information transmission method and apparatus, and a device and a storage medium, which relate to the technical field of communications. The method comprises: a first device using additional transmission resources to send first information, wherein the additional transmission resources are indicated by a second device (910). In the method, by means of allowing a first device to send first information by means of additional transmission resources, additional transmission opportunities are increased for the first device, thereby reducing the latency caused by transmission conflicts.

Description

Information transmission method, device, equipment and storage medium Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an information transmission method, apparatus, device, and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the use of zero-power devices has become increasingly widespread. The zero-power Internet of Things (IoT), also known as ambient power-enabled IoT, or Ambient IoT for short, refers to IoT devices that use various ambient energies (such as radio frequency energy, light energy, solar energy, thermal energy, mechanical energy, and other ambient energies) to power themselves.

[0003] However, further research is needed to address the conflict issues that occur when A-IOT devices transmit signals with network devices or intermediate nodes.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide an information transmission method, apparatus, device, and storage medium. The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are as follows:

[0006] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a method for transmitting information is provided. The method is performed by a first device, and the method includes:

[0007] The first information is sent using additional transmission resources, where the additional transmission resources are indicated by the second device.

[0008] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a method for information transmission is provided, the method being performed by a second device, the method including:

[0009] First information sent by a first device using additional transmission resources is received, where the additional transmission resources are indicated by the second device.

[0010] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present application, there is provided an information transmission device, the device comprising:

[0011] The sending module is configured to send the first information using additional transmission resources, where the additional transmission resources are indicated by the second device.

[0012] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present application, there is provided an information transmission device, the device comprising:

[0013] The receiving module is configured to receive first information sent by a first device using additional transmission resources, where the additional transmission resources are indicated by a second device.

[0014] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a communication device is provided, which includes a processor and a memory, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the above-mentioned information transmission method on the first device side or the second device side.

[0015] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, in which a computer program is stored. The computer program is used to be executed by a processor to implement the above-mentioned information transmission method on the first device side or the second device side.

[0016] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a chip is provided, which includes a programmable logic circuit and / or program instructions. When the chip is running, it is used to implement the above-mentioned information transmission method on the first device side or the second device side.

[0017] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a computer program product is provided, which includes computer instructions, and the computer instructions are stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor reads and executes the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium to implement the above-mentioned information transmission method on the first side device or the second device side.

[0018] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application may have the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The first device sends the first information through additional transmission resources, where the additional transmission resources are indicated by the second device, thereby adding additional transmission opportunities for the first device and reducing the delay caused by transmission conflicts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the basic structure of a zero-power communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a radio frequency energy harvesting principle provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a backscatter communication principle provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a resistive load modulation circuit structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of two A-IOT deployment scenarios provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0026] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a random access process provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of two frame structures provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] FIG9 is a flowchart of an information transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application provided for an inventory check business;

[0030] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of an inventory check service provided by another embodiment of the present application;

[0031] FIG12 is a block diagram of an information transmission device provided by one embodiment of the present application;

[0032] FIG13 is a block diagram of an information transmission device provided by another embodiment of the present application;

[0033] FIG14 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided in one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of this application clearer, the implementation methods of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] The network architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application. A person skilled in the art will appreciate that, with the evolution of the network architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are equally applicable to similar technical problems.

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: Global System of Mobile communication (GSM) system, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system, General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, Advanced Long Term Evolution (LTE-A) system, New Radio (NR) system, NR system evolution system, LTE on unlicensed spectrum (LTE-U) system, NR on unlicensed spectrum (NR-U) system, Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) system, Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN), Wireless Fidelity (Wireless Fidelity) system. Fidelity, WiFi), fifth-generation communication (5th-Generation, 5G) system, B5G (Beyound5G) system, sixth-generation communication (6G) system or other communication systems, etc.

[0037] Generally speaking, traditional communication systems support a limited number of connections and are easy to implement. However, with the development of communication technology, mobile communication systems will not only support traditional communications, but will also support, for example, device-to-device (D2D) communication, machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, or vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, etc. The embodiments of the present application can also be applied to these communication systems.

[0038] The communication system in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to a carrier aggregation (CA) scenario, a dual connectivity (DC) scenario, and a standalone (SA) networking scenario.

[0039] The communication system in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to an unlicensed spectrum, where the unlicensed spectrum can also be considered as a shared spectrum; or, the communication system in the embodiment of the present application can also be applied to an authorized spectrum, where the authorized spectrum can also be considered as an unshared spectrum.

[0040] The embodiments of the present application can be applied to both non-terrestrial networks (NTN) and terrestrial networks (TN). NTNs generally use satellite communications to provide communication services to terrestrial users. Currently, NTN systems include NR-NTN and IoT-NTN systems, and may include other NTN systems in the future.

[0041] Please refer to FIG1 , which shows a schematic diagram of a network architecture 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application. The network architecture 100 may include: a terminal device 10 , an access network device 20 , and a core network element 30 .

[0042] The terminal device 10 may refer to a UE (User Equipment), an access terminal, a subscriber unit, a subscriber station, a mobile station, a mobile station, a remote station, a remote terminal, a mobile device, a wireless communication device, a user agent, or a user apparatus. In some embodiments, the terminal device 10 may also be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) phone, a WLL (Wireless Local Loop) station, a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), a handheld device with wireless communication capabilities, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a terminal device in a 5GS (5th Generation System) or a terminal device in a future evolved PLMN (Public Land Mobile Network), etc., and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto. For ease of description, the above-mentioned devices are collectively referred to as terminal devices. The number of terminal devices 10 is generally multiple, and one or more terminal devices 10 may be distributed in a cell managed by each access network device 20. The terminal device may also be referred to as a terminal or UE for short, and those skilled in the art will understand its meaning.

[0043] Access network equipment 20 is a device deployed in an access network to provide wireless communication capabilities for terminal devices 10. Access network equipment 20 may include various forms of macro base stations, micro base stations, relay stations, access points, and the like. In systems employing different wireless access technologies, the names of devices that provide access network equipment functions may vary. For example, in 5G NR systems, they are referred to as gNodeBs or gNBs. As communication technologies evolve, the term "access network equipment" may change. For ease of description, in the embodiments of this application, the aforementioned devices that provide wireless communication capabilities for terminal devices 10 are collectively referred to as access network equipment. In some embodiments, access network equipment 20 enables communication between terminal devices 10 and core network elements 30. For example, in an LTE (Long Term Evolution) system, access network equipment 20 may be an Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (EUTRAN) or one or more eNodeBs within the EUTRAN. In a 5G NR system, access network equipment 20 may be a Radio Access Network (RAN) or one or more gNBs within the RAN. In the embodiment of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the "network device" refers to the access network device 20, such as a base station.

[0044] The core network element 30 is a network element deployed in the core network. The functions of the core network element 30 are mainly to provide user connection, user management, and service bearer, and to provide an interface to the external network as a bearer network. For example, the core network elements in the 5G NR system may include network elements such as the AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function) entity, the UPF (User Plane Function) entity, and the SMF (Session Management Function) entity.

[0045] In some embodiments, the access network device 20 and the core network element 30 communicate with each other via an air interface technology, such as the NG interface in the 5G NR system. The access network device 20 and the terminal device 10 communicate with each other via an air interface technology, such as the Uu interface.

[0046] The "5G NR system" in the embodiments of the present application may also be referred to as a 5G system or an NR system, but those skilled in the art will understand its meaning. The technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present application may be applicable to LTE systems, 5G NR systems, and subsequent evolution systems of 5G NR systems (e.g., B5G (Beyond 5G) systems, 6G systems (6th Generation System, sixth generation mobile communication systems)), and other communication systems such as NB-IoT (Narrow Band Internet of Things) systems, which are not limited in this application.

[0047] In an embodiment of the present application, the network device can provide services for a cell, and the terminal device communicates with the network device through the transmission resources (for example, frequency domain resources, or spectrum resources) on the carrier used by the cell. The cell can be a cell corresponding to the network device (for example, a base station). The cell can belong to a macro base station or a base station corresponding to a small cell. The small cells here may include: metro cell, micro cell, pico cell, femto cell, etc. These small cells have the characteristics of small coverage and low transmission power, and are suitable for providing high-speed data transmission services.

[0048] Before introducing the technical solutions of this application, we first introduce and explain the related technologies involved in this application. The following related technologies can be combined with the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application as optional solutions, and they all fall within the scope of protection of the embodiments of this application. The embodiments of this application include at least part of the following contents.

[0049] 1. Principle of Zero-Power Communication Technology

[0050] In recent years, the application of zero-power devices has become increasingly widespread. The zero-power Internet of Things (IoT) can also be referred to as ambient power-enabled IoT, or Ambient IoT for short. In some technical literature, it is also referred to as passive IoT. Ambient IoT devices are IoT devices that use various environmental energies (such as radio frequency energy, light energy, solar energy, thermal energy, mechanical energy, and other environmental energies) to power themselves. These devices can have no energy storage capacity or very limited energy storage capacity (such as using capacitors with a capacity of tens of uF). Compared to existing IoT devices, ambient IoT devices offer many advantages, including no conventional batteries, no maintenance, small size, low complexity, low cost, and a long lifespan.

[0051] Zero-power communication utilizes energy harvesting and backscatter communication technologies. A zero-power communication network consists of network devices and zero-power devices, as shown in Figure 2. The network devices are used to send wireless power supply signals and downlink communication signals to the zero-power devices and to receive backscatter signals from them. A basic zero-power device includes an energy harvesting module, a backscatter communication module, and a low-power computing module. Furthermore, the zero-power device may also include a memory or sensor to store basic information (such as item identification) or obtain sensor data such as ambient temperature and humidity.

[0052] The key technologies of zero-power communication mainly include radio frequency energy harvesting and backscatter communication.

[0053] 1.1. RF Power Harvesting

[0054] As shown in Figure 3, the RF energy harvesting module uses the principle of electromagnetic induction to harvest electromagnetic wave energy from space, thereby obtaining the energy needed to operate zero-power devices. This energy is used to drive low-power demodulation and modulation modules, sensors, and memory readout. Therefore, zero-power devices do not require traditional batteries.

[0055] 1.2. Back Scattering

[0056] As shown in Figure 4, a zero-power communication terminal receives wireless signals sent by the network, modulates them, loads the information to be transmitted, and radiates the modulated signal from the antenna. This information transmission process is called backscatter communication. Backscatter and load modulation are closely related. Load modulation achieves this by adjusting and controlling the circuit parameters of the zero-power device's oscillator circuit according to the data stream's rhythm, causing parameters such as the electronic tag's impedance to change accordingly. Load modulation techniques primarily include resistive load modulation and capacitive load modulation. In resistive load modulation, a resistor is connected in parallel with the load, which is turned on or off based on the binary data stream, as shown in Figure 5. The switching of the resistor causes a change in the circuit voltage, thus implementing amplitude shift keying (ASK) modulation. This modulation and transmission of the signal is achieved by adjusting the amplitude of the backscattered signal from the zero-power device. Similarly, in capacitive load modulation, the circuit resonant frequency can be changed by switching the capacitor on and off, realizing frequency shift keying (FSK) modulation, that is, signal modulation and transmission are achieved by adjusting the operating frequency of the backscattered signal of the zero-power device.

[0057] It can be seen that the zero-power device uses load modulation to modulate the incoming signal, thereby realizing the backscatter communication process. Therefore, the zero-power device has significant advantages:

[0058] (1) The terminal does not actively transmit signals, so it does not require complex RF links, such as PA (Power Amplifier) ​​and RF filters;

[0059] (2) The terminal does not need to actively generate high-frequency signals, so it does not need a high-frequency crystal oscillator;

[0060] (3) With the help of backscatter communication, terminal signal transmission does not need to consume the terminal's own energy.

[0061] 1.3. Application Scenarios of Zero-Power Communication

[0062] Due to its significant advantages such as extremely low cost, zero power consumption, and small size, zero-power communication can be widely used in various industries, such as logistics for vertical industries, smart warehousing, smart agriculture, energy and electricity, industrial Internet, etc.; it can also be applied to personal applications such as smart wearables and smart homes.

[0063] 1.4. Classification of Zero-Power Devices

[0064] Based on the energy source and usage of zero-power devices, zero-power devices can be divided into the following types:

[0065] (1) Passive zero-power devices

[0066] Zero-power devices do not require internal batteries. When they approach network devices (such as the reader / writer of an RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) system), they are within the near field formed by the radiation from the network device's antenna. Therefore, the zero-power device antenna generates an induced current through electromagnetic induction, which drives the low-power chip circuit of the zero-power device. This implements tasks such as demodulating the forward link signal (downlink, the link from the network device to the zero-power device) and modulating the backward link signal (uplink, the link from the zero-power device to the network device). For backscatter links, the zero-power device uses backscatter implementation to transmit signals.

[0067] It can be seen that the passive zero-power device does not require a built-in battery to drive either the forward link or the reverse link, and is a truly zero-power device.

[0068] Passive zero-power devices do not require batteries, and their RF circuits and baseband circuits are very simple. For example, they do not require devices such as LNA (Low Noise Amplifier), PA, crystal oscillator, and ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter). Therefore, they have many advantages such as small size, light weight, very low price, and long service life.

[0069] (2) Semi-passive zero-power devices

[0070] Semi-passive zero-power devices do not have conventional batteries themselves, but instead use RF (Radio Frequency) energy harvesting modules to harvest radio wave energy, or solar, light, thermal, or kinetic energy harvesting modules to harvest energy, and store the harvested energy in an energy storage unit (such as a capacitor). Once the energy storage unit receives energy, it drives the low-power chip circuitry of the zero-power device, performing tasks such as demodulating forward link signals and modulating backward link signals. For backscatter links, the zero-power device uses backscattering to transmit signals.

[0071] It can be seen that the semi-passive zero-power device does not require a built-in battery to drive either the forward link or the reverse link. Although it uses energy stored in capacitors during operation, the energy comes from the radio energy collected by the energy harvesting module. Therefore, it is also a truly zero-power device.

[0072] Semi-passive zero-power devices inherit many advantages of passive zero-power devices, so they have many advantages such as small size, light weight, very low price, and long service life.

[0073] (3) Active zero-power devices

[0074] The zero-power devices used in some scenarios can also be active zero-power devices. Such terminals can have built-in batteries (conventional batteries, such as dry batteries, rechargeable lithium batteries, etc.). The battery is used to drive the low-power chip circuit of the zero-power device. It realizes the demodulation of the forward link signal and the modulation of the reverse link signal. However, for the backscatter link, the zero-power device uses the backscatter implementation method to transmit the signal. Therefore, the zero power consumption of this type of terminal is mainly reflected in the fact that the signal transmission of the reverse link does not require the terminal's own power, but uses the backscatter method. Although the active zero-power device uses a battery, due to the sampling of ultra-low power communication technology, the power consumption is very low, so compared with the existing technology, the battery life can be greatly improved.

[0075] Active zero-power devices, with built-in batteries to power the RFID chip, increase the tag's read and write distance and improve communication reliability. Therefore, they are suitable for scenarios with relatively high requirements for communication distance and read latency.

[0076] Classification of zero-power devices based on transmitter type.

[0077] As we all know, the business types of zero-power IoT, like other IoT business types, will also focus on uplink business. Therefore, based on the way zero-power terminals send data, they can be divided into the following types:

[0078] (1) Zero-power devices based on backscattering

[0079] These zero-power devices use the aforementioned backscattering method to transmit uplink data. They lack active transmitters, only backscattering transmitters. Therefore, when these terminals transmit data, they require network equipment to provide a carrier, which they then use to perform backscattering to achieve data transmission.

[0080] (2) Zero-power devices based on active transmitters

[0081] These zero-power devices use active transmitters with active transmission capabilities for uplink data transmission. Therefore, when sending data, these zero-power devices can use their own active transmitters to send data without the need for network equipment to provide a carrier. Examples of active transmitters suitable for zero-power devices include ultra-low-power ASK and ultra-low-power FSK transmitters. Based on current implementations, these transmitters can reduce overall power consumption to 400-600uW when transmitting a 100uW signal.

[0082] (3) Zero-power devices with both backscatter and active transmitters

[0083] This type of terminal supports both backscatter and active transmitters. The terminal can determine which uplink signal transmission method to use: backscatter or active transmitter, based on various circumstances (such as battery life and available ambient energy) or based on network device scheduling.

[0084] 2. Cellular Passive IoT

[0085] The cellular Internet of Things (IoT) is booming. The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has standardized IoT technologies such as NB-IoT (Narrow Band Internet of Things), MTC (Machine Type Communication), and RedCap (Reduced Capability). However, there are still many scenarios where IoT communication needs cannot be met using existing technologies. For example:

[0086] (1) Harsh communication environment

[0087] Certain IoT scenarios may encounter extreme environments such as high temperature, extremely low temperature, high humidity, high voltage, high radiation, or high-speed movement. Examples include ultra-high voltage substations, high-speed train track monitoring, environmental monitoring in high-altitude cold regions, and industrial production lines. In these scenarios, existing IoT terminals will not function due to the operating environment limitations of conventional power supplies. Furthermore, extreme operating environments are not conducive to IoT maintenance, such as battery replacement.

[0088] (2) Demand for extremely small terminal form factors

[0089] Certain IoT communication scenarios, such as food traceability, commodity distribution, and smart wearables, require terminals to be extremely small for ease of use. For example, IoT terminals used for commodity management in the distribution process often take the form of electronic tags, embedded in product packaging in a very compact form factor. Another example is lightweight wearable devices that can meet user needs while improving the user experience.

[0090] (3) Extremely low-cost IoT communication requirements

[0091] Many IoT communication scenarios require IoT terminals to be sufficiently affordable to enhance their competitiveness compared to alternative technologies. For example, in logistics or warehousing, to facilitate the management of large quantities of circulating items, IoT terminals can be attached to each item. Communication between the terminal and the logistics network enables precise management of the entire logistics process and lifecycle. These scenarios require IoT terminals to be competitively priced.

[0092] Therefore, in order to cover these unmet IoT communication needs, cellular networks also need to develop ultra-low-cost, extremely small-size, battery-free or maintenance-free IoT, and zero-power IoT can just meet this demand.

[0093] Based on 3GPP's discussion of Ambient IoT application scenarios, Ambient IoT can be used in at least the following four scenarios:

[0094] (1) Object recognition, such as logistics, production line product management, and supply chain management;

[0095] (2) Environmental monitoring, such as temperature, humidity, and harmful gas monitoring of the working environment and natural environment;

[0096] (3) Positioning, such as indoor positioning, intelligent object search, and production line item positioning;

[0097] (4) Intelligent control, such as intelligent control of various electrical appliances in smart homes (turning on and off air conditioners, adjusting temperature), and intelligent control of various facilities in agricultural greenhouses (automatic irrigation and fertilization).

[0098] 3GPP discussed and approved the A-IoT research project, which includes at least the following two A-IoT device types:

[0099] Category 1 A-IOT device: ~1uW peak power consumption, with energy storage, an initial sampling frequency offset of 10X ppm, no uplink or downlink power amplifiers, and uplink transmissions via backscattering of an external carrier. For example, X ranges from 4 to 5, i.e., [4, 5].

[0100] Category 2 A-IOT devices: These devices have a peak power consumption of less than a few hundred uW, have energy storage, an initial sampling frequency offset of 10X ppm, and may be equipped with uplink and / or downlink power amplifiers. Uplink transmissions can be generated internally within the A-IOT device (i.e., active transmissions) or sent via backscattering of an external carrier. For example, X ranges from 4 to 5, i.e., [4, 5].

[0101] A-IOT mainly considers the following two deployment scenarios / topologies, as shown in Figure 6:

[0102] (1) IoT device, the base station directly conducts two-way signaling and / or data communication with the A-IOT device. The base station sending to the A-IOT device and the base station receiving the A-IOT may be two different base stations.

[0103] (2) IoT devices, A-IoT devices, communicate bidirectionally with intermediate nodes, which relay signaling and / or data between the base station (BS) and the A-IoT devices. During the SID discussion phase, the intermediate node was ultimately determined to be a user equipment (UE) under network control, located indoors.

[0104] Currently, two main services are being considered in A-IOT research projects: DT (Device-terminated) and DO-DTT (Device-originated–device-terminated triggered). DT primarily involves using downlink commands to enable an A-IOT terminal to perform specific actions. For example, in a smart home scenario, a "turn on the air conditioner" command is issued to an A-IOT device, causing the A-IOT device to perform the corresponding operation. DO-DTT primarily involves triggering A-IOT devices to report information through downlink commands. Typical scenarios include warehouse inventory or sensor sensing, for example, triggering several zero-power tags to report their IDs or sensor data.

[0105] Considering the potentially large number of A-IoT devices in the aforementioned scenario, especially in DO-DTT services where all stored goods are affixed with zero-power tags, the challenge is how to report information from these numerous zero-power tags while minimizing conflicts. The slot-based aloha mechanism in radio frequency identification (RFID) can serve as a baseline.

[0106] For example, Figure 7 shows the inventory counting mechanism in existing RFID systems, namely the slot-based aloha mechanism. Although it is a slot-based mechanism, the length, starting position, and ending position of each slot are not fixed due to the asynchronous nature of the RFID system. The starting and ending positions of each slot within an inventory round are actually defined by the Query and QueryRep (QueryRepeat) instructions. For example, in Figure 7, time slot 0 is the time from the end of the reader (which can be understood as the base station or intermediate node in AIOT) sending a Query instruction to the end of the next QueryRep instruction. Thereafter, the starting and ending points of each slot are the end times of the QueryRep instructions for the previous and current slots. In other words, each QueryRep sent by the reader indicates the beginning of a new slot and the end of the current slot. It should be noted that the end position of the last slot of an inventory round can be indicated by the query of the next inventory round, that is, the end time of the query, which also indicates the starting position of the starting slot of the next inventory round.

[0107] First, the reader sends a select command. The select command is used to determine the tag set for inventory. For example, if there are a large number of tags in the warehouse, the select command is needed to determine the tags to be counted. That is, when the tag receives the select command, it will determine whether to participate in the inventory. After the select command, the reader sends a query command, which includes a Q value. After the tag to be counted obtains the Q value, it will generate a random integer between 0 and (2^Q-1), such as a counter. Thereafter, each time a QueryRep command is received, that is, each time a new slot is started, the counter of each tag will be reduced by 1. When the tag counter is reduced to 0, it can be accessed in the corresponding slot. For example, in Figure 7, the counter generated by tag a is 0, so it can be directly accessed in slot 0. The counter generated by tags b and c is 2, and it will need to receive two QueryReps before it will be reduced to 0, that is, in time slot 2. Therefore, tags b and c are accessed in time slot 2. It's understandable that the initial value of the counter also corresponds to the index of a slot within an inventory round (assuming the slot index starts at 0). That is, an inventory round consists of 2^Q slots, indexed from 0 to (2^Q - 1). In summary, different tags are accessed in different slots by randomly generating counter values.

[0108] When a tag accesses a slot, for example, tag a accesses slot 0 in Figure 7, tag a first sends a random sequence RN16 of length 16 to the reader as a temporary identifier. After receiving RN16, the reader feeds back a Response to tag a. The Response includes the same RN16. If the RN16 received by tag a is consistent with the RN16 sent previously, tag a sends an EPC (Electronic Product Code) to the reader. After receiving the EPC, the reader sends a Queryrep. This signaling is used to indicate to tag a that the EPC has been received and that tag a's inventory has been successful. It is also used to indicate to all tags that their respective counter values ​​are reduced by 1, that is, a new slot is started, and other tags can access the new slot. It should be noted that during the above-mentioned tag a access process, if there is signaling loss or transmission error, the inventory of tag a fails. For example, if tag a sends RN16 to the reader and the reader does not receive RN16, the inventory of tag a fails and the tag can only wait for the next inventory round, receive the Query command, regenerate the counter value based on the Q value, and report the information again in the next inventory round.

[0109] Since the counter values ​​generated by each tag between 0 and (2^Q-1) are random, some values ​​are not selected by any tag, and no tag will report information in the corresponding slot, such as slot 1 in Figure 7. On the contrary, when multiple tags happen to select the same counter value, they will report information in the same time slot, that is, a collision occurs. Under normal circumstances, the reader cannot identify the RN16 of any tag. This is because the waveform received by the reader is a superposition of multiple random sequences, and there is no orthogonal feature designed between multiple RN16s. Therefore, the tags that collide cannot be accessed, and the inventory fails. They need to wait until the next inventory round to be counted again. For example, in Figure 7, tag b and tag c both report RN16 in slot 2, so a collision occurs, and they need to wait until inventory round 2 to report information. In other cases, such as when the power of one RN16 is very strong and the power of the other RN16 is very weak, the interference of the weak RN16 on the strong RN16 is not enough to affect the demodulation of the strong RN16, so the strong RN16 can still demodulate successfully. Therefore, the tag inventory of the RN16 sending the strong power is successful, and the tag inventory of the RN16 sending the weak power fails. For example, if the power of the RN16 receiving tag b is strong and the power of the RN 16 receiving tag c is weak, the reader demodulates the RN16 of tag b and sends the RN16 containing tag b to tag b. Then tag b reports the EPC, and the inventory is successful. In summary, the occurrence of a collision will cause the inventory of A-IOT devices to fail and wait until the next round.

[0110] Each time the reader sends a Query, it indicates the end of the previous inventory round and the start of a new inventory round. For example, in Figure 7, in inventory round 2, the tags that were not successfully inventoried in inventory round 1 will continue to be inventoried. Between inventory rounds, the Q value indicated in the Query can be adjusted. For example, if the reader finds that there are many time slots without tags accessing in the previous inventory round, the Q value will be reduced in the next round. On the contrary, if the reader finds that there are many collisions in the previous round, the Q value will be increased in the next round. For example, at the beginning of each inventory round, relative to the previous inventory round, the reader can add or subtract 1 to the Q value, or keep it unchanged, or set it to any of the allowed values, and then indicate it to the tag through a Query. For example, when Q=0, the entire inventory process ends.

[0111] 3. A-IOT downlink and uplink frame structure

[0112] A-IOT downlink transmission, analogous to reader-to-tag transmission in an RFID system, is the transmission from the base station to the A-IOT device in Deployment Scenario 1 (Figure 6), and also the transmission from the intermediate node to the A-IOT device in Deployment Scenario 2 (Figure 6). A-IOT uplink transmission, analogous to tag-to-reader transmission in an RFID system, is the transmission from the A-IOT device to the base station in Deployment Scenario 1 (Figure 6), and also the transmission from the A-IOT device to the intermediate node in Deployment Scenario 2 (Figure 6).

[0113] Please refer to Figure 8, which shows a schematic diagram of two frame structures provided by an embodiment of the present application, wherein sub-figure 1 is one frame structure and sub-figure 2 is another frame structure. In the current standard discussion of the A-IOT uplink and downlink frame structures, both frame structures shown in sub-figures 1 and 2 exist.

[0114] The common point of the two frame structures shown in sub-figure 1 and sub-figure 2 is that a preamble (leading sequence) is designed before the control and / or data channel for timing calibration, and the preamble can also be used to indicate simple control information. The difference lies in whether a control channel is to be designed separately. In sub-figure 1, a control channel is designed separately for transmitting control information, while the data channel is used to carry data. The two channels have different functions, and the control channel and the data channel can use different code rates, different encoding methods, etc. There is no separate control channel designed in sub-figure 2, so the data channel can carry control information and data at the same time. For example, the control information is carried in the MAC CE (Media Access Control Control Element) of the data channel.

[0115] As can be seen from the preceding text, slot-based aloha can serve as a reference for random access in A-IoT. However, for an A-IoT device (such as a tag), slot-based aloha only provides one access opportunity within an inventory round. If a collision or transmission failure occurs, access must wait until the next inventory round. This can introduce significant access delays when the Q value is high or there are many idle slots.

[0116] Please refer to Figure 9, which shows a flow chart of an information transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present application. The method can be applied to the network architecture shown in Figures 1 and 6. The method can include the following step 910.

[0117] Step 910: The first device sends first information using additional transmission resources, where the additional transmission resources are indicated by the second device.

[0118] In some embodiments, the first device uses the additional transmission resources to send the first information to the second device, and the second device receives the first information sent by the first device using the additional transmission resources.

[0119] In some embodiments, the transmission resource is a time-frequency resource used to transmit information. In some embodiments, the first device transmits the first information using an additional transmission time domain unit, where the additional transmission time domain unit is indicated by the second device. The time domain unit is a resource unit obtained by dividing the resource in the time domain. In some embodiments, the granularity of the division of the time domain unit can be any one of a frame, a subframe, a time slot, a sub-time slot, a symbol, a symbol group, and the like.

[0120] In some embodiments, the first device transmits the first information using an additional transmission time slot indicated by the second device.

[0121] In some embodiments, if the first device does not receive an acknowledgment message corresponding to the second information after sending the second information, the first device uses additional transmission resources to send the first information. The acknowledgment message corresponding to the second information indicates successful receipt of the second information. If the first device does not receive an acknowledgment message corresponding to the second information after sending the second information, the first device considers that the second device has not successfully received the second information sent by the first device.

[0122] In some embodiments, the first device may fail to receive confirmation information corresponding to the second information after sending the second information. Possible situations include the following:

[0123] (1) Transmission collision occurs between multiple first devices: multiple first devices send second information in the same transmission time domain unit, resulting in the second device being unable to successfully receive the second information sent by each of the multiple first devices, or only successfully receiving the second information sent by some of the multiple first devices, but unable to successfully receive the second information sent by other first devices;

[0124] (2) Second information is lost: the second information sent by the first device is lost during transmission;

[0125] (3) The confirmation information corresponding to the second information is lost or the decoding fails: After the second device receives the second information sent by the first device, it sends the confirmation information corresponding to the second information to the first device. The confirmation information corresponding to the second information is lost during the transmission process or is not correctly decoded by the first device.

[0126] In some embodiments, the second information is identical to the first information. If the first device does not receive an acknowledgment of the second information after sending the second information, the first device uses additional transmission resources to send the first information, which is equivalent to the first device using additional transmission resources to resend the second information. This allows for the use of additional transmission resources to promptly retransmit the second information if the second information is not successfully received.

[0127] In some embodiments, both the second information and the first information include identification information of the first device. The device identification information is used to distinguish different devices, and different devices have different identification information. In some embodiments, the identification information of the first device can be RN16 or EPC, or other identifiers used to distinguish different devices. RN16 is a 16-bit random number. EPC is used to uniquely identify a device.

[0128] Exemplarily, the second information is RN16 and the first information is RN16; or, the second information is EPC and the first information is RN16; or, the second information is EPC and the first information is EPC; or, the second information is RN16 and the first information is EPC.

[0129] In some embodiments, the first device is an A-IOT device, and the second device is a network device or an intermediate node. The network device may be a base station, and the intermediate node may be a terminal device under network control.

[0130] In some embodiments, the first device sends the first information or the second information in at least one of the following ways: backscattering, active transmission.

[0131] In some embodiments, when the A-IOT device does not receive corresponding confirmation information after performing an uplink transmission in the current inventory round, the A-IOT device uses an additional transmission time slot for transmission. Specifically, when the A-IOT device does not receive confirmation information including the first identifier after transmitting the first identifier, or does not receive confirmation information including part of the first identifier, the A-IOT device uses an additional transmission time slot for transmission, wherein the first identifier is RN16 or EPC or other A-IOT device identifier.

[0132] In some embodiments, the A-IOT device uses additional transmission resources to send the first information, including: the A-IOT device uses an uplink transmission resource in the additional transmission resources to send the first information, the uplink transmission resource is an A-IOT uplink transmission resource, and the A-IOT uplink transmission resource can be the frame structure shown in sub-figure 1 or sub-figure 2 of Figure 8. When the A-IOT device sends the frame structure shown in sub-figure 1 or sub-figure 2 of Figure 8 to the network device or the intermediate node, the control channel in the figure is the A-IOT uplink control channel, for example, PDRCCH (Physical device to reader control channel). The data channel in the figure is the A-IOT uplink data channel, for example, PDRSCH (Physical device to reader shared channel, Physical device to reader shared channel, Physical device to reader shared channel) or PDRCH (Physical device to reader channel, Physical device to reader channel).

[0133] In some embodiments, the first information is carried in a control channel or a data channel. For example, the first information is carried in a control channel of the frame structure shown in sub-graph 1 of FIG8 . For example, the first information is carried in a data channel of the frame structure shown in sub-graph 2 of FIG8 .

[0134] In some embodiments, additional transmission resources are indicated by the second device to the first device, such as dynamically scheduled by the second device. In some embodiments, the second device sends third information, such as the second device sends third information to the first device, and the third information is used to indicate additional transmission resources. In some embodiments, the third information is carried in a control channel or a data channel. Exemplarily, the second device sends the third information via the frame structure shown in sub-figure 1 or sub-figure 2 of Figure 8 to schedule additional transmission resources. Exemplarily, the second device schedules additional transmission resources via the A-IOT downlink control channel (such as sub-figure 1 of Figure 8) or the A-IOT downlink data channel (such as sub-figure 1 of Figure 8), that is, the third information is carried in the downlink control channel of sub-figure 1 of Figure 8 or the downlink data channel of sub-figure 1 or 2 of Figure 8. Exemplarily, the A-IOT downlink control channel is PRDCCH (Physical reader to device control channel). The A-IOT downlink data channel is either PRDSCH (Physical reader to device shared channel) or PRDCH (Physical reader to device channel).

[0135] In some embodiments, the additional transmission resources are indicated when a first condition is satisfied, the first condition including a number of transmission collisions being greater than or equal to a first threshold. When the first condition is satisfied, the second device sends third information to the first device, the third information being used to indicate the additional transmission resources.

[0136] In some embodiments, transmission collision means that multiple first devices use overlapping transmission resources to send the second information, such as multiple first devices send the second information in the same transmission time slot.

[0137] In some embodiments, the number of transmission collisions refers to the number of transmission collisions. For example, assuming that there are three first devices that need to send second information, these three first devices are tag a, tag b, and tag c, tag a sends the second information in slot 0, tag b and tag c send the second information in slot 2, and at this time tag b and tag c have a transmission collision, then the number of transmission collisions is 1. For example, assuming that there are five first devices that need to send second information, these five first devices are tag a, tag b, tag c, tag d, and tag e, tag a, tag b, and tag c all send the second information in slot 1, tag d and tag e all send the second information in slot 2, then tag a, tag b, and tag c have one transmission collision, tag d and tag e have one transmission collision, and the total number of transmission collisions is 2.

[0138] In some embodiments, the number of transmission collisions refers to the number of first devices that have transmission collisions. For example, assuming that there are three first devices that need to send second information, these three first devices are tag a, tag b, and tag c, tag a sends the second information in slot 0, tag b and tag c send the second information in slot 2, and at this time tag b and tag c have a transmission collision, then the number of transmission collisions is 2. For example, assuming that there are four first devices that need to send second information, these four first devices are tag a, tag b, tag c, and tag d, tag a sends the second information in slot 0, tag b, tag c, and tag d all send the second information in slot 2, then tag b, tag c, and tag d have a transmission collision, and the number of transmission collisions is 3.

[0139] In some embodiments, the first threshold is configured by the second device, or is pre-configured, or is pre-defined by the protocol, or depends on the implementation of the second device. In some embodiments, the first threshold is an integer greater than or equal to 1. The first threshold can be configured according to different application scenarios. For example, in an application scenario with high real-time requirements, the first threshold can be as small as possible to reduce the transmission delay caused by transmission collision or transmission failure. For another example, in an application scenario with low real-time requirements, the first threshold can take an appropriate value, which can not only ensure that the retransmitted first information is received in time, but also minimize the additional signaling overhead caused by transmission collision or transmission failure.

[0140] In some embodiments, after receiving the third information, the first device initializes the value of the counter, wherein when the value of the counter is 0, the first device uses additional transmission resources to send the first information. The first device uses the counter to determine whether it is its turn to send the first information based on the value of the counter. After receiving the third information, the first device randomly initializes the value of the counter, for example, randomly determines a numerical value as the value of the initialized counter. When the value of the counter is 0, the first device uses additional transmission resources to send the first information; when the value of the counter is not 0, the first device does not use additional transmission resources to send the first information. If the value of the initialized counter is not 0, the first device can subsequently update the value of the counter, such as subtracting 1 from the value of the counter after receiving the fourth information.

[0141] In some embodiments, the third information includes a first numerical value, and the first device initializes the value of the counter based on the first numerical value. The number of additional transmission resources is related to the first numerical value. In some embodiments, the first numerical value is X, and X is a positive integer. Exemplarily, the number of additional transmission resources is (2^X-1). The first device randomly generates a random number between 0 and (2^X-1) and initializes the value of the counter with the random number. Exemplarily, the number of additional transmission resources is X, and the first device randomly generates a random number between 0 and X and initializes the value of the counter with the random number.

[0142] In some embodiments, the second device transmits fourth information, which indicates the time domain end position of the current additional transmission resource and / or the time domain start position of the next additional transmission resource. In some embodiments, the second device transmits the fourth information if a second condition is met, where the second condition includes the existence of remaining additional transmission resources. It is understood that the fourth information indicates that the first device can transmit the first information using the next additional transmission resource. Optionally, the fourth information may also indicate that the first device successfully transmitted the first information using the current additional transmission resource.

[0143] In some embodiments, the fourth information is carried in a control channel or a data channel. Exemplarily, the second device sends the fourth information via the frame structure shown in sub-figure 1 or sub-figure 2 of FIG8 .

[0144] In some embodiments, after receiving the fourth information, the first device decrements the counter by 1. When the counter reaches 0, the first device uses the additional transmission resources to send the first information. The fourth information may be confirmation information fed back by the second device regarding the first information received using the current additional transmission resources, indicating that the first device successfully sent the first information. If the counter value becomes 0 after the first device decrements the counter by 1, the first device will send the first information using the current additional transmission resources. If the counter value does not reach 0 after the first device decrements the counter by 1, the first device will not send the first information using the current additional transmission resources.

[0145] Below, the technical solution of the present application is exemplarily introduced with reference to Figures 10 and 11. In an inventory round under the DO-DTT service, N A-IOT devices report information. In the following example, the above-mentioned N A-IOT devices are N A-IOT tags (hereinafter referred to as "tags" or "tags"). As shown in Figures 10 and 11, the inventory service in A-IOT is implemented through a mechanism similar to slot-based aloha. The reader in Figures 10 and 11 can be a network device or an intermediate node.

[0146] In sub-figure 1 of Figure 10, the reader uses the frame structure shown in sub-figure 1 or sub-figure 2 of Figure 8 to send a Query instruction, a Response instruction, a QueryRep instruction, a third message, and a fourth message to the tag. Exemplarily, the above instructions or information can be carried in the data channel or control channel of sub-figure 1 of Figure 8. Exemplarily, the above instructions or information can also be carried in the data channel of sub-figure 2 of Figure 8. In addition, the above-mentioned N tags use the frame structure shown in sub-figure 1 or sub-figure 2 of Figure 8 to send RN16 and EPC to the reader. Exemplarily, the above information is carried in the data channel or control channel of sub-figure 1 of Figure 8. Exemplarily, the above information is carried in the data channel of sub-figure 2 of Figure 8.

[0147] In sub-graph 1 of Figure 10, the reader determines the tag to be counted by sending a select command. The reader sends a Query command to the tag, indicating the Q value to the tag. After the tag to be counted obtains the Q value, it will generate a random integer between 0 and (2^Q-1), such as a counter. The counter value generated by Tag a is 0, so it is accessed in slot 0. Tag a sends RN16 to the reader. After receiving RN16, the reader sends all or part of the received RN16 (i.e., a truncated RN16) as a Response command to Tag a. After receiving the Response command, Tag a finds that it matches the RN16 it sent, and sends EPC to the reader. After receiving the EPC, the reader sends a QueryRep command. On the one hand, it confirms the receipt of the EPC of tag a, and on the other hand, it indicates the end of slot 0 and the beginning of slot 1. After receiving the QueryRep command, each tag will reduce its counter by 1. Since there is no tag to access afterwards, the reader sends QueryRep in slots 1 and 2. After receiving this command, the tag will also reduce its counter by 1. Since the initial counter of tag b and tag c is 3, a transmission collision occurs when both send RN16 to the reader in slot 3.

[0148] In sub-graph 1 of FIG10, assuming that the first condition is that the number of transmission collisions is greater than or equal to 1, the reader determines that a transmission collision occurs between tag b and tag c in slot 3, and the first condition is met, and the reader schedules an additional transmission time slot. The reader first sends the third information in slot 3. The third information includes at least the X value, which is the first numerical value mentioned above. For tag b and tag c that have sent RN16 and have not received the corresponding Response instruction, tag b and tag c will reinitialize the counter value that has been reduced to 0 to a random integer between 0 and (2^X-1). In sub-graph 2 of FIG10, for example, when X=1, the counter value of tag b is still 0 after reinitialization, and the counter value of tag c is 1 after reinitialization. Therefore, tag b sends RN16 for access in the first additional transmission time slot slot_a 0 after receiving the third information. It can be seen that the third information indicates the starting point of the additional transmission time slot, which is similar to the function of the Query instruction. In slot_a 0, after receiving the EPC, the reader did not send a QueryRep instruction, but instead sent a fourth message. The fourth message indicates the end position of slot_a 0 and the start position of slot_a 1, and also confirms the EPC sent by tag b. The QueryRep instruction is not sent here because the next time slot slot_a 1 is still an additional transmission time slot. Sending a QueryRep instruction will cause other tags that have not experienced a transmission collision to also reduce the counter by 1, resulting in the existence of tags that have not collided in the additional transmission time slot for access. Therefore, the reader sends a fourth message that is different from the QueryRep instruction. After receiving the fourth message, only tag b and tag c that have transmitted RN16 but have not received a corresponding response will reduce the counter by 1. Since the counter value of tag c is reinitialized to 1, tag c reduces the counter value to 0 after receiving the fourth message, and tag c accesses slot_a 1. After receiving the EPC of tag c, slot_a 1 reader sends a QueryRep command to indicate the end of the additional transmission time slot slot_a 1 and indicate a new time slot. At this time, the counter of the tag being counted is reduced by 1.

[0149] In subgraph 2 of FIG10 , in slot 4, no tag is accessed, and the reader sends a Queryrep command. Since the initial counter values ​​of tag d, tag e, and tag f are all 5, the reader has sent 5 Queryrep commands after sending the Queryrep command in slot 4.

[0150] In sub-graph 1 of Figure 11, in slot 5, the counters of tag d, tag e, and tag f are all reduced to 0, a transmission collision occurs, and the first condition is met. The reader then sends the third information again to indicate that the value of X is 1. Tag d, tag e, and tag f that have reported to RN16 and have not received corresponding confirmation information all re-initialize their counter values ​​to random integers from 0 to (2^X-1). The counter value of tag d is re-initialized to 0, and the re-initialized counters of tag e and tag f are both 1. Tag d is then accessed in the first additional transmission time slot slot_b 0 after the third information. The reader sends the fourth information after receiving the EPC of tag d in slot_b 0. On the one hand, it is used to confirm the receipt of the EPC of tag d, and on the other hand, it is used to indicate the end of the current additional transmission time slot slot_b 0 and the beginning of the next additional transmission time slot slot_b 1. After receiving the fourth message, tag e and tag f, which collided in slot 5, decrement their counters by 1. Therefore, in slot_b 1, their counters are reduced to 0, allowing access, and a transmission collision occurs again. Therefore, the reader sends the third message again in slot_b 1, indicating that the value of X is 2. After receiving the third message, tag e and tag f, which collided, reinitialize their counters to random integers between 0 and (2^X-1). Assume that tag e's reinitialized counter is 1, and tag f's reinitialized counter is 2. In sub-figure 2 of Figure 11, there is no tag accessing the first additional transmission time slot slot_c 0 after the third information, so the reader sends the fourth information to indicate the end of slot_c 0 and the beginning of slot_c 1. After receiving the fourth information, the conflicting tag e and tag f subtract 1 from the counter value, and the counter value of tag e is reduced to 0, and it accesses in slot_c 1. After receiving the EPC of tag e, the reader sends the fourth information to feedback to tag e that it has successfully received its EPC, and at the same time indicates the end of slot_c 1 and the beginning of slot_c 2. After receiving the fourth information, tag f subtracts 1 from the counter value again, and the counter value of tag f is reduced to 0, and tag f accesses in slot_c 2.

[0151] In sub-figure 2 of Figure 11 , after receiving tag f's EPC in slot c 2, the reader sends a fourth message, reporting the successful receipt of tag f's EPC and indicating the end of slot c 2 and the beginning of slot c 3 . In sub-figure 3 of Figure 11 , if no tag accesses slot c 3 and the next slot is not an additional transmission slot, the reader sends a Queryrep command. All tags undergoing inventory decrement their counter by 1 and continue accessing until inventory round 1 ends. The reader then sends a Query command indicating a new Q value, triggering the next inventory round 2.

[0152] From the reader's perspective, the third message indicates the number of additional transmission slots, the starting position of the additional transmission slots, and the ending position of the slot in which the third message is located. From the tag's perspective, after receiving the third message, the counter value is initialized based on the value of X, and the tag is the tag for which RN16 was sent but no corresponding response was received.

[0153] From the reader's perspective, the fourth message indicates the end of the timeslot in which the fourth message is sent and the start of the next additional transmission timeslot. It also serves as a positive acknowledgement of receipt of the EPC in the current timeslot. From the tag's perspective, receipt of the fourth message decrements its counter by 1. This tag is the one for which RN16 was sent but for which no corresponding acknowledgement was received.

[0154] The technical solution provided by the present application is that the first device sends the first information through additional transmission resources, and the additional transmission resources are indicated by the second device, which adds additional transmission opportunities for the first device, thereby reducing the delay caused by transmission conflicts.

[0155] Under the DO-DTT service, this solution allows A-IOT devices to have multiple access opportunities in one inventory round. When an access conflict occurs, network devices or intermediate nodes can respond in a timely manner, schedule additional transmission resources, resolve the access conflict, and reduce access latency.

[0156] In addition, the above embodiments only describe the technical solutions provided by this application from the perspective of the interaction between the first device and the second device. The above steps performed by the first device can be independently implemented as an information transmission method on the first device side. The above steps performed by the second device can also be independently implemented as an information transmission method on the second device side.

[0157] The following are device embodiments of the present application, which can be used to implement the method embodiments of the present application. For details not disclosed in the device embodiments of the present application, please refer to the method embodiments of the present application.

[0158] Please refer to Figure 12, which shows a block diagram of an information transmission device provided by an embodiment of the present application. The device has the function of implementing the information transmission method on the first device side described above. The function can be implemented by hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software. The device can be the first device described above, or it can be set in the first device. As shown in Figure 12, the device 1200 can include: a sending module 1210.

[0159] The sending module 1210 is configured to send the first information using additional transmission resources, where the additional transmission resources are indicated by the second device.

[0160] In some embodiments, the sending module 1210 is configured to use the additional transmission resources to send the first information if the first device does not receive confirmation information corresponding to the second information after sending the second information.

[0161] In some embodiments, the second information is the same as the first information.

[0162] In some embodiments, the second information and the first information both include identification information of the first device.

[0163] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG12 , the apparatus 1200 further includes a processing module 1220 for initializing a counter value after receiving the third information, wherein when the value of the counter is 0, the first device uses the additional transmission resources to send the first information.

[0164] In some embodiments, the third information includes a first value; the processing module 1220 is configured to initialize the value of the counter according to the first value.

[0165] In some embodiments, the third information is carried in a control channel or a data channel.

[0166] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 12, the apparatus 1200 further includes a processing module 1220 for reducing the value of a counter by 1 after receiving the fourth information, wherein when the value of the counter is 0, the first device uses the additional transmission resources to send the first information.

[0167] In some embodiments, the fourth information is used to indicate a time domain end position of the current additional transmission resource and / or to indicate a time domain start position of the next additional transmission resource.

[0168] In some embodiments, the fourth information is carried in a control channel or a data channel.

[0169] In some embodiments, the additional transmission resources are indicated when a first condition is satisfied, the first condition comprising a number of transmission collisions being greater than or equal to a first threshold.

[0170] In some embodiments, the first threshold is configured by the second device, or preconfigured, or predefined by a protocol, or depends on the implementation of the second device.

[0171] In some embodiments, the first information is carried in a control channel or a data channel.

[0172] In some embodiments, the first device is an A-IOT device, and the second device is a network device or an intermediate node.

[0173] Please refer to Figure 13, which shows a block diagram of an information transmission device provided by another embodiment of the present application. The device has the function of implementing the information transmission method on the second device side described above. The function can be implemented by hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software. The device can be the second device described above, or it can be set in the second device. As shown in Figure 13, the device 1300 may include: a receiving module 1310.

[0174] The receiving module 1310 is configured to receive first information sent by a first device using additional transmission resources, where the additional transmission resources are indicated by the second device.

[0175] In some embodiments, the first information is sent by the first device when the first device does not receive confirmation information corresponding to the second information after sending the second information.

[0176] In some embodiments, the second information is the same as the first information.

[0177] In some embodiments, the second information and the first information both include identification information of the first device.

[0178] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG13 , the apparatus 1300 further includes a sending module 1320 configured to send third information, where the third information is used to indicate the additional transmission resources.

[0179] In some embodiments, the third information includes a first value, and the number of the additional transmission resources is related to the first value.

[0180] In some embodiments, the sending module 1320 is configured to send the third information when a first condition is met, wherein the first condition includes that the number of transmission collisions is greater than or equal to a first threshold.

[0181] In some embodiments, the first threshold is configured by the second device, or preconfigured, or predefined by a protocol, or depends on the implementation of the second device.

[0182] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 13, the device 1300 also includes a sending module 1320 for sending fourth information, wherein the fourth information is used to indicate the time domain end position of the current additional transmission resource and / or to indicate the time domain starting position of the next additional transmission resource.

[0183] In some embodiments, the sending module 1320 is configured to send the fourth information when a second condition is met, wherein the second condition includes the existence of the remaining additional transmission resources.

[0184] In some embodiments, the first information is carried in a control channel or a data channel.

[0185] In some embodiments, the first device is an A-IOT device, and the second device is a network device or an intermediate node.

[0186] It should be noted that, when the device provided in the above embodiment realizes its function, it only uses the division of the above-mentioned functional modules as an example. In actual application, the above-mentioned functions can be assigned to different functional modules according to actual needs, that is, the content structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0187] Regarding the device in the above embodiment, the specific manner in which each module performs operations has been described in detail in the embodiment of the method, and will not be elaborated here. For details not described in detail in the embodiment of the device, reference can be made to the above method embodiment.

[0188] Please refer to Figure 14, which shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided by one embodiment of the present application. The communication device can be the first device or the second device described above. The communication device 1400 may include: at least one of a processor 1401, a transceiver 1402, and a memory 1403. The processor 1401 is used to implement various processing functions of the communication device 1400, such as generating information to be sent, processing received information, controlling sending and / or receiving, and implementing the functions of the processing modules described above. The transceiver 1402 is used to implement sending and / or receiving functions, such as implementing the functions of the sending module and / or receiving module described above.

[0189] The processor 1401 includes one or more processing cores. The processor 1401 executes various functional applications and information processing by running software programs and modules.

[0190] The transceiver 1402 may include a receiver and a transmitter. For example, the receiver and the transmitter may be implemented as the same wireless communication component, which may include a wireless communication chip and a radio frequency antenna.

[0191] The memory 1403 may be connected to the processor 1401 and the transceiver 1402 .

[0192] The memory 1403 may be used to store a computer program executed by the processor, and the processor 1401 is used to execute the computer program to implement each step in the above method embodiment.

[0193] In some embodiments, the communication device 1400 is the first device described in the above embodiments, and the transceiver 1402 is configured to send the first information using additional transmission resources, where the additional transmission resources are indicated by the second device.

[0194] In some embodiments, the communication device 1400 is the second device in the above embodiments, and the transceiver 1402 is configured to receive first information sent by the first device using additional transmission resources, where the additional transmission resources are indicated by the second device.

[0195] For details not described in detail in this embodiment, please refer to the above embodiments and will not be described in detail here.

[0196] In addition, the memory can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, including but not limited to: magnetic or optical disks, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory, static access memory, read-only memory, magnetic memory, flash memory, and programmable read-only memory.

[0197] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, and the computer program is used to be executed by a processor to implement the above-mentioned information transmission method on the first device side, or to implement the above-mentioned information transmission method on the second device side. In some embodiments, the computer-readable storage medium may include: ROM (Read-Only Memory), RAM (Random-Access Memory), SSD (Solid State Drives) or optical disks, etc. Among them, random access memory may include ReRAM (Resistance Random Access Memory) and DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory).

[0198] An embodiment of the present application also provides a chip, which includes a programmable logic circuit and / or program instructions. When the chip is running, it is used to implement the above-mentioned information transmission method on the first device side, or to implement the above-mentioned information transmission method on the second device side.

[0199] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, which includes computer instructions, which are stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor reads and executes the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium to implement the above-mentioned information transmission method on the first device side, or to implement the above-mentioned information transmission method on the second device side.

[0200] It should be understood that the "indication" mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be a direct indication, an indirect indication, or an indication of an association. For example, "A indicates B" can mean that A directly indicates B, for example, B can be obtained through A; it can also mean that A indirectly indicates B, for example, A indicates C, and B can be obtained through C; it can also mean that there is an association between A and B.

[0201] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "corresponding" may indicate a direct or indirect correspondence between the two, or an association relationship between the two, or a relationship between indication and being indicated, configuration and being configured, etc.

[0202] In some embodiments of the present application, "predefined" may be implemented by pre-storing corresponding codes, tables, or other methods that can be used to indicate relevant information in a device (e.g., including a terminal device and a network device), and the present application does not limit the specific implementation method. For example, predefined may refer to information defined in a protocol.

[0203] In some embodiments of the present application, the "protocol" may refer to a standard protocol in the communication field, for example, it may include the BLE protocol, the Wi-Fi protocol and related protocols used in future communication systems, and the present application does not limit this.

[0204] In this document, "plurality" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes a relationship between associated objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists alone. The character " / " generally indicates an "or" relationship between the associated objects.

[0205] The term “greater than or equal to” mentioned herein may mean greater than or equal to, or greater than, and the term “less than or equal to” may mean less than or equal to, or less than.

[0206] In addition, the step numbers described in this document only illustrate a possible execution order between the steps. In some other embodiments, the above steps may not be executed in the order of the numbers, such as two steps with different numbers are executed at the same time, or two steps with different numbers are executed in the opposite order of the diagram. The embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.

[0207] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that in one or more of the above examples, the functions described in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, these functions can be stored in a computer-readable medium or transmitted as one or more instructions or codes on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media include computer storage media and communication media, wherein communication media include any media that facilitates the transmission of computer programs from one place to another. The storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0208] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An information transmission method, characterized in that: The method is performed by a first device, and includes: The first information is sent using additional transmission resources, where the additional transmission resources are indicated by the second device.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The using additional transmission resources to send the first information includes: If the first device does not receive confirmation information corresponding to the second information after sending the second information, the first device uses the additional transmission resources to send the first information.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The second information is the same as the first information.

4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that The second information and the first information both include identification information of the first device.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The method further comprises: After receiving the third information, the value of the counter is initialized, wherein when the value of the counter is 0, the first device uses the additional transmission resource to send the first information.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The third information includes a first value; The value of the initialization counter includes: Initialize the value of the counter according to the first value.

7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that The third information is carried in a control channel or a data channel.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The method further comprises: After receiving the fourth information, the value of the counter is reduced by 1, wherein when the value of the counter is 0, the first device uses the additional transmission resource to send the first information.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The fourth information is used to indicate the time domain end position of the current additional transmission resource and / or to indicate the time domain start position of the next additional transmission resource.

10. The method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that The fourth information is carried in a control channel or a data channel.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that The additional transmission resources are indicated when a first condition is satisfied, wherein the first condition includes that the number of transmission collisions is greater than or equal to a first threshold.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that The first threshold is configured by the second device, or is preconfigured, or is predefined by a protocol, or depends on the implementation of the second device.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that The first information is carried in a control channel or a data channel.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that The first device is an A-IOT device, and the second device is a network device or an intermediate node.

15. An information transmission method, characterized in that: The method is performed by a second device, and includes: First information sent by a first device using additional transmission resources is received, where the additional transmission resources are indicated by the second device.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that The first information is sent by the first device when the first device does not receive confirmation information corresponding to the second information after sending the second information.

17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that The second information is the same as the first information.

18. The method according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that The second information and the first information both include identification information of the first device.

19. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 18, characterized in that The method further comprises: Sending third information, where the third information is used to indicate the additional transmission resources.

20. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that The third information includes a first value, and the number of the additional transmission resources is related to the first value.

21. The method according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that The sending of the third information includes: The third information is sent when a first condition is met, wherein the first condition includes that the number of transmission collisions is greater than or equal to a first threshold.

22. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that The first threshold is configured by the second device, or is preconfigured, or is predefined by a protocol, or depends on the implementation of the second device.

23. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 22, characterized in that The method further comprises: Sending fourth information, where the fourth information is used to indicate a time domain end position of a current additional transmission resource and / or to indicate a time domain start position of a next additional transmission resource.

24. The method according to claim 23, wherein The sending of the fourth information includes: The fourth information is sent when a second condition is met, wherein the second condition includes that the additional transmission resources are remaining.

25. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 24, characterized in that The first information is carried in a control channel or a data channel.

26. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 25, characterized in that The first device is an A-IOT device, and the second device is a network device or an intermediate node.

27. An information transmission device, characterized in that: The device comprises: The sending module is configured to send the first information using additional transmission resources, where the additional transmission resources are indicated by the second device.

28. An information transmission device, characterized in that: The device comprises: The receiving module is configured to receive first information sent by a first device using additional transmission resources, where the additional transmission resources are indicated by a second device.

29. A communication device, characterized in that: The communication device includes a processor and a memory, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, or executes the method according to any one of claims 15 to 26.

30. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The storage medium stores a computer program, which is used to be executed by a processor to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, or to implement the method according to any one of claims 15 to 26.

31. A chip, characterized in that: The chip includes a programmable logic circuit and / or program instructions, and when the chip is running, is used to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, or to implement the method according to any one of claims 15 to 26.

32. A computer program product, characterized in that The computer program product includes computer instructions, which are stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor reads and executes the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, or to implement the method according to any one of claims 15 to 26.

Images