Communication method, communication apparatus, and storage medium

Abstract

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a communication method, a communication apparatus, and a storage medium. The communication method comprises: sending first signaling to a second node, the first signaling comprising first pilot sequences, there being a plurality of first pilot sequences, and each of the plurality of first pilot sequences corresponding to one piece of transmission information.

Description

Communication method, communication device, and storage medium

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202410406118.8, filed on April 3, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] The present disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method, a communication device, and a storage medium. Background Art

[0003] In recent years, the Internet of Things (IoT), such as the Environmental Internet of Things (EIoT), has garnered significant attention in the wireless communications field. The IoT interconnects multiple things to improve productivity and enhance comfort. Because IoT applications involve deploying hundreds of millions of devices, these devices must be small, low-complexity, and consume minimal power.

[0004] Based on the low-complexity design requirements of IoT devices, some IoT devices do not have energy storage devices. In this case, the IoT devices need to obtain energy from the surrounding environment (for example, the high level of downlink signaling) and send uplink signals through backscattering. Summary of the Invention

[0005] On the one hand, a communication method is provided, which is applied to a first node. The communication method includes: sending a first signaling to a second node, where the first signaling includes a first pilot sequence, and there are multiple first pilot sequences. Each of the multiple first pilot sequences corresponds to a type of transmission information.

[0006] In another aspect, a communication device is provided for use with a first node. The communication device includes a transmitting module. The transmitting module is configured to transmit first signaling to a second node. The first signaling includes a first pilot sequence. The first pilot sequence may include multiple first pilot sequences, each of the multiple first pilot sequences corresponding to a type of transmission information.

[0007] In yet another aspect, a communication method is provided, applied to a second node, the communication method comprising: receiving first signaling sent by a first node. The first signaling includes a first pilot sequence. The first pilot sequence may include multiple first pilot sequences, each of the multiple first pilot sequences corresponding to a type of transmission information.

[0008] In yet another aspect, a communications device is provided for use with a second node. The communications device includes a receiving module configured to receive first signaling sent by a first node. The first signaling includes a first pilot sequence. The first pilot sequence may include multiple first pilot sequences, each of the multiple first pilot sequences corresponding to a type of transmission information.

[0009] In another aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: a memory and a processor. The memory is coupled to the processor; the memory is used to store a computer program; and the processor implements the above-mentioned communication method when executing the computer program.

[0010] On the other hand, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which computer program instructions are stored. When the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, the above-mentioned communication method is implemented.

[0011] In yet another aspect, a computer program product is provided. The computer program product includes computer program instructions, and when the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, the above communication method is implemented. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present disclosure, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in some embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the drawings described below are only drawings of some embodiments of the present disclosure, and those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings.

[0013] FIG1 is a system architecture diagram according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0014] FIG2 is a flow chart of a communication method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0015] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first pilot sequence according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0016] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of different frame structures according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0017] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of another first pilot sequence according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0018] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of an OFDM symbol based on Manchester coding according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0019] FIG7 is a flowchart of another communication method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0020] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a state transition relationship of a coding rule according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0021] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of state transition relationships of another encoding rule according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0022] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of different second pilot sequences according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0023] FIG11 is another schematic diagram of different second pilot sequences according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0024] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of a second signaling frame structure according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0025] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of a monitoring period according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0026] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of a device state change of a second node according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0027] FIG15 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0028] FIG16 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of this disclosure in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of this disclosure, not all of them. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of this disclosure without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0030] It should be noted that, in this disclosure, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to describe examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design described in this disclosure using words such as "exemplary" or "for example" should not be interpreted as being more preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner.

[0031] In the following, the terms "first," "second," etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the quantity of the technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined by the terms "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0032] In this disclosure, unless otherwise specified, " / " means "or." For example, A / B can mean either A or B. "And / or" is used herein solely to describe an association between associated objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: only A, only B, and both A and B. Furthermore, "at least one" means one or more, and "a plurality" means two or more.

[0033] With the development of IoT communication technology, related IoT communication systems are becoming increasingly large, typically including a large number of IoT devices. Most IoT devices are designed to be small, low-complexity, and low-power. Some IoT devices lack energy storage devices and must draw energy from the surrounding environment (for example, the high level of downlink signaling) to transmit uplink signals via backscatter. In this case, communication between IoT devices and base stations suffers from poor synchronization. However, IoT scenarios must also meet certain coverage requirements, necessitating the design of data transmission for IoT devices.

[0034] IoT devices can be categorized as active and passive. Active IoT devices may include a power source, such as a battery; passive IoT devices, on the other hand, lack a power source and require a high level of power (or activation) from a base station (or excitation source). Once activated, an IoT device can receive downlink signaling from a reader (e.g., a base station or user equipment (UE)) and return uplink signaling to the base station via backscatter.

[0035] The downlink signaling sent by a reader / writer (e.g., a base station or user equipment) to an IoT device may include one or more of the following: a pilot sequence, control information, or downlink data. Downlink signaling may include a read command and a read location (or read content). Based on the downlink signaling, the IoT device (e.g., an A-IoT (Ambient-Internet of Things) device) retrieves data from the read location and sends it to the reader / writer (e.g., a base station or user equipment). Downlink signaling may also include a write command, a write location, and write data. Based on the downlink signaling, the IoT device may store the write data according to the write location.

[0036] During the communication process between the reader and the IoT device, in order to solve the synchronization problem between the reader and the IoT device, so that the IoT can have a better coverage effect in a low-complexity IoT system, such as a larger geographical range coverage, better communication quality coverage, etc., it is necessary to sequence the signaling (or signal) during the communication process between the reader and the IoT device to achieve data transmission.

[0037] In order to solve the above technical problems, this paper designs a sequence of signaling / signals for data transmission of IoT devices. The designed signaling / signals can be applied in low-complexity systems, ensuring the reliability and stability of signaling transmission, thereby realizing data transmission. That is, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication method, which is applied to a first node. The communication method includes: sending a first signaling to a second node, the first signaling including a first pilot sequence, the first pilot sequence including a plurality of first pilot sequences, and each of the plurality of first pilot sequences corresponding to a type of transmission information. Since the plurality of transmission information that can be represented by the first pilot sequence includes transmission information for solving the synchronization between the first node and the second node, it is possible to solve the problems of poor synchronization and poor communication quality between the first node and the second node, thereby ensuring the effectiveness and reliability of data transmission.

[0038] The communication method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may be applied to a communication system as shown in FIG1 . As shown in FIG1 , the communication system includes: a first node 101 and a second node 102 .

[0039] A first node 101 is in communication with a second node 102. The first node 101 can be an excitation source, a base station, or a terminal. The second node 102 can be a user device, a terminal, an IoT device, or an Ambient IoT (A-IoT) device. Figure 1 illustrates the first node 101 as a base station and the second node 102 as an IoT device.

[0040] The first node 101 is configured to send a first signaling to the second node 102. The first signaling includes a first pilot sequence, and the first pilot sequence includes multiple first pilot sequences, each of the multiple first pilot sequences corresponds to a type of transmission information.

[0041] The second node 102 is configured to receive the first signaling and further configured to send a second signaling to the first node 101. The second signaling may be a response corresponding to the first signaling.

[0042] It should be noted that FIG1 is only an exemplary framework diagram, and the number of devices included in FIG1 and the names of the devices are not limited.

[0043] The application scenarios of the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited. The system architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of the present disclosure are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure. It is known to those skilled in the art that with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0044] The communication method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] The communication method provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure can be applied to the first node 101 in the communication system shown in Figure 1. Figure 2 shows a flow chart of a communication method. As shown in Figure 2, the communication method includes the following S201.

[0046] In S201, a first signaling is sent to a second node.

[0047] The first signaling includes a first pilot sequence. There are multiple first pilot sequences. Each of the multiple first pilot sequences corresponds to one type of transmission information.

[0048] In some embodiments, the first signaling may be a first signal. In some embodiments, the first signaling may be a first frame structure. In some embodiments, the first signaling includes a signal and a signaling. In some embodiments, the first signaling is a temporally continuous sequence.

[0049] It should be understood that the first pilot sequence included in the first signaling can be used to represent different transmission information, thereby realizing different functions.

[0050] An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a communication method, applied to a second node in the communication system shown in FIG1 . The communication method includes receiving first signaling sent by a first node. The first signaling includes a first pilot sequence. The first pilot sequence may include multiple first pilot sequences, each of the multiple first pilot sequences corresponding to a type of transmission information.

[0051] In some embodiments, the first pilot sequence can be used for one or more of the following functions (or commands): indicating the start of the first signaling, enabling the second node to obtain the first node's clock information, facilitating time synchronization between the first and second nodes, or enabling the second node to obtain symbol information for the first signaling. In this way, based on the first pilot sequence, the first node can transmit various commands to the second node, enabling accurate and reliable signaling interaction, thereby ensuring the effectiveness and reliability of data transmission.

[0052] The clock information of the first node is used to represent at least one of the following: time information or frequency information of an OOK symbol (on-off keying symbol), time information or frequency information of a high level, time information or frequency information of a low level, time information or frequency information of a chip (spread spectrum chipping), and time information or frequency information of an OFDM symbol (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol).

[0053] In some embodiments, the transmission information corresponding to each first pilot sequence includes at least one of the following: a signaling type of the first signaling, a code rate of the first signaling, a coding scheme of the first signaling, a frequency offset, a code rate of the second signaling, a coding scheme of the second signaling, device capabilities of the second node, a device type of the second node, a device status of the second node, a frame structure of the first signaling, a number of repeated transmissions, and a transmission scheme. The second signaling is used to respond to the first signaling. The above-mentioned various types of transmission information are explained below.

[0054] (1) Signaling type of the first signaling

[0055] The signaling type of the first signaling may include one or more of the following: activation signaling, data request signaling, inventory signaling, data transmission signaling, or regular signaling. In some embodiments, regular signaling may refer to non-activation signaling or non-inventory signaling.

[0056] The signaling type of the first signaling may include one or more of the following: unicast signaling, multicast signaling, and broadcast signaling. Unicast signaling refers to signaling sent only to a single specific device, multicast signaling refers to signaling sent to a device group, and broadcast signaling refers to signaling sent to all devices. In some embodiments, unicast signaling includes device information of the device (such as device ID, device-specific RN16 (random number of 16 bits, 16-bit random number)), etc. In some embodiments, multicast signaling includes device group indication information or multiple device information. In some embodiments, signaling that does not specifically indicate single device information or group information is broadcast signaling.

[0057] In some embodiments, each first pilot sequence corresponds to a type of first signaling.

[0058] (2) Device type of the second node

[0059] If the second node has multiple device types and the transmission information corresponding to the first pilot sequence includes the device type of the second node, the second node receives the first signaling if the device type of the second node and the device type indicated by the first pilot sequence meet a preset condition. In this way, the second node can only receive signaling associated with the device type of the second node, reducing unnecessary reception, saving energy consumption, and improving data transmission efficiency.

[0060] In an exemplary implementation, the device type of the second node includes one or more of the following: a sensor device, an actuator device, an embedded device, a wearable device, or the like.

[0061] In some embodiments, the device type of the second node includes one or more of the following: device type 1, device type 2a, device type 2b, a device without an amplifier, a device with an amplifier using backscatter transmission, and a device with an amplifier using autonomously generated signaling.

[0062] In an exemplary implementation, the device type of the second node and the device type indicated by the first pilot sequence meet preset conditions, including one or more of the following: the device type of the second node is the same as the device type indicated by the first pilot sequence, the device type of the second node and the device type indicated by the first pilot sequence are hierarchically subordinate, the device type of the second node and the device type indicated by the first pilot sequence are functionally dependent, etc.

[0063] In some embodiments, a field in the first pilot sequence is used to indicate the device type of the second node, or a subsequence in the first pilot sequence is used to indicate the device type of the second node (there are multiple sequences, each sequence corresponds to one device type).

[0064] In one implementation, as shown in Figure 3, the first pilot sequence includes Field 1 and Field 2. Field 1 includes M Manchester-coded 0s / 1s, and Field 2 includes N long sequences, where M and N are positive integers. For example, the sequence in Field 1 is 10101010, and the long sequence in Field 2 is 11100001. Different first pilot sequences have the same Field 1, but different long sequences in Field 2. Different long sequences in Field 2 correspond to different indication information.

[0065] (3) Device status of the second node

[0066] The second node may have multiple device states. When the transmission information corresponding to the first pilot sequence includes the second node's device state, the second node receives the first signaling if the second node's device state and the device state indicated by the first pilot sequence meet a preset condition. In this way, the second node only receives first signaling that is associated with the second node's device state, reducing unnecessary reception and saving energy.

[0067] In an exemplary implementation, the device state of the second node includes one or more of the following: ready, completed, dormant, charging, sleeping, normal, or activated. The device state of the second node and the device state indicated by the first pilot sequence meet preset conditions, including one or more of the following: the device state of the second node is the same as the device state indicated by the first pilot sequence, and the device state of the second node and the device state indicated by the first pilot sequence meet a custom relationship (e.g., if the device state of the second node is activated and the device state indicated by the first pilot sequence is charging, the second node receives the first signaling and executes the command indicated by the first signaling after charging is completed).

[0068] In some embodiments, a field in the first pilot sequence is used to indicate the device state of the second node, or a subsequence in the first pilot sequence is used to indicate the device state of the second node (there are multiple subsequences, each subsequence corresponds to a device state).

[0069] (4) Frame structure of the first signaling

[0070] The frame structure of the first signaling may include a first pilot sequence and data, or may include a first pilot sequence, data, and control information.

[0071] In one implementation, as shown in FIG4 , frame structure 1 and frame structure 2 are included. Frame structure 1 includes pilot 1, control information, and data; frame structure 2 includes pilot 2 and data. Pilot 1 and pilot 2 are different pilot sequences. The differences between pilot 1 and pilot 2 include one or more of the following: different lengths of pilot 1 and pilot 2, different indication information of a field in pilot 1 and pilot 2, different subsets of pilot 1 and pilot 2, different orthogonal sequences of pilot 1 and pilot 2, or pilot 2 being a subset of pilot 1.

[0072] (5) Equipment capabilities of the second node

[0073] The device capability of the second node includes one or more of the following: coding capability, whether convolutional code is supported, modulation capability, whether BPSK (binary phase shift keying) is indicated, and the like.

[0074] (6) The code rate of the first signaling or the second signaling indicates the number of binary codes transmitted per unit time by the first signaling or the second signaling. In some embodiments, the code rate may be a coding efficiency, which indicates the ratio of useful code elements (non-redundant code elements) in a data stream, i.e., information bit length / total length after encoding. For example, a code rate of 1 / 2 indicates that the code element after encoding one information bit has 2 bits.

[0075] (7) The encoding mode of the first signaling or the second signaling is used to indicate the mapping relationship between the first signaling or the second signaling based on different code elements and information bits.

[0076] (8) Frequency offset is used to indicate the difference between the transmitted frequency and the received frequency during communication between the first node and the second node. In some embodiments, the frequency offset is the offset between the signaling sent by the second node to the first node and the carrier (or CW (continuous wave)) frequency used for backscattering.

[0077] (9) The number of repeated transmissions is used to indicate the number of times a party requests to repeat data transmission during the communication process between the first node and the second node. In some embodiments, the number of repeated transmissions is used to indicate the number of repeated transmissions of uplink data or downlink data.

[0078] (10) The transmission mode is used to indicate the method of transmitting signaling between the first node and the second node, such as end-to-end signaling transmission mode, wireless signaling transmission, etc. In some embodiments, the transmission mode is used to indicate unicast transmission, multicast transmission, or broadcast transmission.

[0079] The above describes the transmission information that various first pilot sequences can correspond to. The following describes the structural design of the first pilot sequence.

[0080] In some embodiments, the multiple first pilot sequences have the same portion.

[0081] It should be understood that the multiple first pilot sequences have the same part, which means that the multiple first pilot sequences have the same subset sequence.

[0082] In some embodiments, the identical portion is an encoded sequence of M consecutive 0s or M consecutive 1s, where 1≤M≤10, and M is a positive integer.

[0083] In some embodiments, the identical portion is a predefined sequence, such as a predefined m-sequence (maximal-length linear feedback shift register sequence).

[0084] In some embodiments, the identical portion is a sequence corresponding to the encoded predefined sequence.

[0085] In an exemplary implementation, the encoding method of the predefined sequence is Manchester encoding (Manchester encoding) or pulse interval encoding (PIE encoding).

[0086] In some embodiments, the identical portion is one or more of the following: a high level of a fixed length (the number of OOK symbols or the number of bits is 1), a high level of a predefined length, a low level of a fixed length (the number of OOK symbols or the number of bits is 0), or a low level of a predefined length.

[0087] In some embodiments, the multiple pilot sequences have different portions.

[0088] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the multiple first pilot sequences differ in at least one of the following: coding mode, symbol length, sequence length, a specific number of consecutive high-level (or bit 1) positions, and a specific number of consecutive low-level (or bit 0) positions.

[0089] In an exemplary implementation, the encoding methods of the multiple first pilot sequences may be: the encoding methods indicated by the first pilot sequences are different, such as the first pilot sequence can be used to indicate the mapping method of Manchester coding code elements and information bits, or used to indicate the M value of the mapping method of M coding code elements and information bits (that is, one information bit is mapped to M bits), where M is a positive integer.

[0090] The mapping manner of the Manchester coded code elements indicated by the first pilot sequence and the information bits may be, for example, information bit 1 is mapped to 01, and information bit 0 is mapped to 10; or information bit 1 is mapped to 10, and information bit 0 is mapped to 01.

[0091] The M value of the mapping method of the M coded code elements and information bits indicated by the first pilot sequence can, for example, be: M is 4 (that is, one information bit is mapped to 4 code element bits), information bit 1 is mapped to 0101, and information bit 0 is mapped to 1010; or M is 2, information bit 1 is mapped to 01, and information bit 0 is mapped to 10.

[0092] In some embodiments, different parts of the multiple first pilot sequences have the same number of bits (or OOK number), and the multiple first pilot sequences are m-sequences or orthogonal sequences.

[0093] In some embodiments, the first pilot sequence contains repeated specific information, and the number of repetitions of the specific information is used to indicate information (such as frequency, bandwidth, etc.) Different numbers of repetitions of specific information in the first pilot sequence are used to indicate different information.

[0094] In an exemplary implementation, the mapping relationship between the information indicated by the first pilot sequence and the number of repetitions of the specific information is predefined.

[0095] In some embodiments, the first pilot sequence contains sequence code indication information, and the sequence code is used to indicate information, such as the position of 0 in the first pilot sequence and / or the position of 1 in the first pilot sequence, respectively indicating different information.

[0096] In an exemplary implementation, the mapping relationship between the information indicated by the first pilot sequence and the position of 0 or 1 in the first pilot sequence is predefined.

[0097] In some embodiments, the first pilot sequence can indicate different information based on the high level position or low level position of a specific length. For example: the high level of "11" with a specific length of 2 or the low level of "0000" with a specific length of 4 in 0110000 and 0000110 are different in position, which can be used to indicate different information respectively; or the high level of "1111" with a specific length of 4 or the low level of "00" with a specific length of 2 in 1001111 and 1111001 are different in position, which can be used to indicate different information respectively; or the high level of "1111" with a specific length of 3 in 1000111 and 1111000 are different in position, which can be used to indicate different information respectively; The positions of the low levels of "000" with a specific length of 3 are different, which are used to indicate different information; or the positions of the high levels of "1" with a specific length of 1 in 10000000, 00100000, 00001000 and 00000010 are different, which are used to indicate different information; or the positions of the high levels of "11" with a specific length of 2 in 110000000, 000110000 and 000000110 are different, which are used to indicate different information.

[0098] In one implementation, as shown in FIG5 , the first pilot sequence includes field 1 (part 1) and field 2 (part 2). Field 1 includes 10101010, and field 2 includes 0110000 or 0000110. In field 2, 0110000 is defined to indicate frame type 1, and 0000110 is defined to indicate frame type 2. The positions of the high-level "11"s with a specific length of 2 in 0110000 and 0000110 are different.

[0099] In one implementation, the first pilot sequence is based on a high-level position or a low-level position of a specific length, and the information indicated includes at least one of the following: the signaling type of the first signaling, the code rate of the first signaling, the code rate of the second signaling, the frequency offset of the second signaling, the encoding method of the second signaling, or the encoding method of the first signaling.

[0100] It is understood that multiple first pilot sequences can be derived based on the same and different portions of the first pilot sequence, and thus different information can be represented based on the multiple first pilot sequences. In this way, there are multiple types of first signaling sent by the first node to the second node, each type of first signaling can represent different information and implement different functions, enabling reliable and accurate signaling exchange, thereby ensuring the effectiveness and reliability of communication between the first node and the second node.

[0101] In one implementation of an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first signaling includes a first pilot sequence and other sequences. In order to distinguish the first pilot sequence from other sequences, the bit (or high or low level or OOK symbol) at the end position of the first pilot sequence is different from the first bit (or high or low level or OOK symbol) of subsequent other sequences.

[0102] In some embodiments, the bit (or high or low level or OOK symbol) will jump after the first pilot sequence ends.

[0103] In one implementation of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first pilot sequence further includes an end indicator (or called an end symbol). The end indicator is used to indicate the end of the first pilot sequence.

[0104] It should be understood that since the lengths of the various first pilot sequences are different, whether the first pilot sequence ends cannot be determined according to the preset length. In this case, the end of the first pilot sequence can be determined based on the end indication.

[0105] In some embodiments, at least one of the following information may be determined based on at least one of an end indicator in the first pilot sequence, a sequence length, and a number of OOK symbols: an encoding scheme of the first pilot sequence, a code rate of the first pilot sequence, a frame structure of the first signaling, a code rate of the first signaling, and an encoding scheme of the first signaling. In some embodiments, at least one transmission information may be determined based on at least one of an end indicator in the first pilot sequence, a sequence length, and a number of OOK symbols.

[0106] In an exemplary implementation, the end indication may be a high or low level that violates the coding rules. For example, if the first signaling uses Manchester encoding, then "10" and "01" in the encoding code element are valid codes that comply with the rules, while "00" and "11" are invalid codes that violate the coding rules.

[0107] In one implementation, the end indication may include one or more invalid codes.

[0108] In some embodiments, the end indication includes one or more of the following: an end indication of the first pilot sequence, an end indication of downlink data, or an end indication of a downlink frame.

[0109] In an exemplary implementation, the downlink frame may not include an end indication, and the length of the data channel (also referred to as the data field) may be determined based on the frame or control field, or whether the data channel exists may be determined based on the frame or control field.

[0110] In some embodiments, the length of the first pilot sequence is fixed, and the fixed position of the first pilot sequence is an end indicator. The second node obtains the end indicator and determines the end of the first signaling and / or the end of the control information based on the end indicator.

[0111] In one implementation of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first signaling further includes first control information. The first control information includes at least one of the following: beam information, port information, energy reporting indication, and proximity feedback.

[0112] In some embodiments, the encoding method of the first control information is different from the encoding method of the data.

[0113] In some embodiments, the encoding method of the first control information is different from the encoding method of the data or the first pilot sequence.

[0114] In some embodiments, the encoding method of the first control information is predefined and may be different from the encoding method of the data and / or the first pilot sequence.

[0115] In some embodiments, the first control information is encoded in the same manner as the first pilot sequence.

[0116] In some embodiments, the first control information does not need to be encoded.

[0117] The beam information in the first control information is used to instruct the second node to feedback the beam information corresponding to the signaling sent by the second node. In some embodiments, the beam information in the first control information is used to instruct the second node to feedback the beam information corresponding to the signaling received from the first node. When the second node feedbacks the signaling, it may include the corresponding beam information received from the first node. The first node may determine the beam information corresponding to the second node based on the content of the feedback from the second node.

[0118] The port information in the first control information is used to instruct the second node to feedback the port information corresponding to the signaling sent by the second node. In some embodiments, the port information in the first control information is used to instruct the second node to feedback the port information corresponding to the signaling received from the first node. When the second node feedbacks the signaling, it may include the corresponding port information received from the first node. The first node may determine the port information corresponding to the second node based on the content of the feedback from the second node.

[0119] It should be understood that the first node determines, based on the port information or beam information fed back by the second node, which beam or port in the first node sent the information received by the second node. In the case of receiving multiple uplink signaling, the first node can determine which uplink signaling corresponds to the beam or port with the best signal strength among the multiple uplink signaling by comparing the received signal strength (RSSI) of the multiple uplink signaling received. Thus, the first node can send a signal based on the beam or port corresponding to the signal with the best signal strength, thereby reliably ensuring the communication quality between the first node and the second node.

[0120] The energy reporting indication in the first control information is used to instruct the second node to feed back the energy status (or power status) of the second node.

[0121] In an exemplary implementation, the energy status of the second node includes at least one of the following: operating duration information, listening period information, remaining power information, continuous activation interval information, energy acquisition duration information, and expected wireless energy supply duration information. The remaining power information may include at least one of the following: sufficient energy, 100% energy, 75% energy, 50% energy, 25% energy, and insufficient energy.

[0122] In some embodiments, the first node may determine, based on the energy state of the second node, to perform at least one of the following operations: charging the second node, exchanging data with the second node, changing / indicating an inventory cycle, changing / indicating a paging cycle, starting an inventory cycle, or starting a paging cycle. In some embodiments, the first node may determine an inventory cycle or a paging cycle based on the energy state of the second node.

[0123] The proximity feedback in the first control information is used to instruct the second node to feedback distance information between the second node and the first node. In some embodiments, the proximity feedback in the first control information is used to instruct the second node to feedback a specific signal / signaling / frame for proximity measurement. In some embodiments, the proximity feedback in the first control information is used to instruct the second node to feedback whether it can receive the signaling / signal / frame from the first node.

[0124] In some embodiments, there are multiple second nodes, and the first node can transmit a first signaling based on a preset transmission power; and determine / identify the second node within the preset distance based on the signaling sent by the second node within the preset distance corresponding to the preset transmission power.

[0125] In some embodiments, the first control information may be at least one of the following: physical layer signaling, MAC (media access control address) layer signaling, and common signaling.

[0126] At the beginning of communication between the reader and the A-IoT device, the reader does not know which A-IoT devices can connect to it, or what capabilities the A-IoT devices have. Therefore, a connection process is required to connect the reader and the tag. During this process, the reader and the A-IoT device may need to exchange signaling multiple times before the connection is successful.

[0127] In one implementation of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the first signaling may be one of the following: signaling for indicating access, signaling for confirming the device information of the second node, and a response to the second signaling. In some embodiments, indicating access may represent indicating an inventory or triggering an inventory or triggering access. In some embodiments, the signaling for indicating access represents Msg 0 (if access or inventory starts from Msg 0) or Msg 1 (if access or inventory starts from Msg 1) of the access process (or inventory process). In some embodiments, the signaling for confirming the device information of the second node or the response to the second signaling represents Msg 2 (if access or inventory starts from Msg 0) or Msg 3 (if access or inventory starts from Msg 1) of the access process (or inventory process).

[0128] At least two of the signaling indicating access, the signaling confirming the device information of the second node, and the response to the second signaling differ in at least one of the following: a first pilot sequence, a coding scheme, a code rate, and a frame structure. In some embodiments, the signaling confirming the device information of the second node includes information related to one or more devices, or includes group information of a group of devices. In some embodiments, the signaling confirming the device information of the second node is feedback / response to signaling sent by the second node device.

[0129] In an exemplary implementation, the first pilot sequence of the signaling used to confirm the device information of the second node is a part of the signaling used to indicate access.

[0130] In an exemplary implementation, the first pilot sequence of the signaling used to confirm the device information of the second node is a non-coded portion of the signaling used to indicate access.

[0131] In an exemplary implementation, the first pilot sequence of the signaling for indicating access is not encoded, and the first pilot sequence of the signaling for confirming the device information of the second node is encoded (exemplarily, it can be Manchester encoding).

[0132] In an exemplary implementation, one of the first pilot sequence for signaling indicating access and the first pilot sequence for signaling confirming device information of the second node uses Manchester coding, and the other uses pulse interval coding.

[0133] In one implementation, the first signaling is used to indicate capability information of the second node. Only the second node that meets the indicated capability information needs to feedback the first signaling. For example, if the first signaling indicates access and capability information, only the second node that meets the capability information indication needs to access.

[0134] In some embodiments, the first pilot sequence may be referred to as a preamble.

[0135] In some embodiments, the first pilot sequence includes a preamble and a separator connected to the preamble.

[0136] In some embodiments, the first pilot sequence is a sequence preceding control information or data in the first signaling.

[0137] In some embodiments, when the first node encodes the first pilot sequence based on Manchester coding and a cyclic prefix (CP), the cyclic prefix may cause additional rising edges or falling edges in the coding, resulting in the decoding performance being affected when decoding the Manchester-coded sequence. Therefore, in order to reduce the impact of the cyclic prefix on the decoding process, during data transmission or control transmission, the position of the starting symbol is determined to be the kth OOK symbol (or chip symbol) in the OFDM symbol, k is an even number, and an OFDM symbol in the data part contains a total of M OOK symbols (or chip symbols), M is an even number. In this way, the OFDM symbol boundary of the data part is a hopping edge, and the cyclic prefix at this time does not increase the number of hopping edges. Decoding based on the hopping edge is more accurate and reliable, so that better decoding can be performed.

[0138] Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of an OFDM symbol based on Manchester encoding according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The starting symbol of the first signaling sequence is an even-numbered position. In this case, when a cyclic prefix is ​​added to the OFDM symbol, it only extends the existing high and low levels of the OFDM symbol, without adding new transition edges and thus without interfering with decoding.

[0139] In some embodiments, the sequence length or the number of OOK symbols or the number of chip symbols or the number of bits of the first pilot sequence is an odd number, or the sequence length or the number of bits or the number of OOK symbols or the number of chip symbols after encoding the first pilot sequence is an odd number.

[0140] In some embodiments, the length of the first pilot sequence is M-1, where M is the number of OOK symbols (or chip symbols) contained in one OFDM symbol, and M is an even number.

[0141] The length of the first pilot sequence may also be referred to as the number of OOK symbols of the first pilot sequence or the number of chip symbols of the first pilot sequence or the number of bits of the first pilot sequence or the number of bits after encoding the first pilot sequence or the length of the first pilot sequence after encoding or the number of OOK symbols after encoding the first pilot sequence or the number of chip symbols after encoding the first pilot sequence.

[0142] In some embodiments, the length of the first pilot sequence is M-1+M*N, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and M is an even number.

[0143] In some embodiments, the first signaling further includes a data portion, the data portion including a first symbol and a second symbol. The data portion satisfies at least one of the following: a second symbol precedes every M-1 first symbols, a second symbol follows every M-1 first symbols, M-1 first symbols follow each second symbol, and M-1 second symbols follow each first symbol.

[0144] In some embodiments, the first symbol and the second symbol are OOK symbols, and the first symbol is shorter than the second symbol; or, the first symbol and the second symbol are chip symbols, and the length of the first symbol is shorter than the length of the second symbol.

[0145] In some embodiments, the first symbol is a symbol without CP, and the second symbol is a symbol with CP.

[0146] In some embodiments, the data portion of the first signaling is structured as a structure consisting of multiple repetitions of one second symbol followed by M-1 first symbols. That is, one second symbol and M-1 first symbols form a single structure, and the data portion is a combination of multiple structures. This can reduce the impact of CP.

[0147] In some embodiments, one or a group of fixed symbols may be inserted before or after X time symbols, or a gap may be inserted before or after X time symbols, where X is a positive integer. The time symbols may be OOK symbols or chip symbols. That is, the data portion of the first signaling consists of a plurality of X time symbols plus one or more fixed symbols (or gaps). This can reduce the impact of CP.

[0148] In some embodiments, the sequence length or number of bits or number of OOK symbols or number of chip symbols of the first pilot sequence is an odd number; or, the sequence length or number of bits or number of OOK symbols or number of chips after encoding the first pilot sequence is an odd number.

[0149] It can be understood that by designing the signaling indicating access and the signaling used to confirm the device information of the second node differently, the second node can identify the signaling indicating access and the signaling used to confirm the device information of the second node, and respond to these two first signalings, thereby ensuring the reliability of communication.

[0150] As shown in FIG7 , the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure further includes the following S701 .

[0151] In S701, a second signaling sent by a second node is received.

[0152] The second signaling includes a second pilot sequence.

[0153] In some embodiments, the first signaling may be in response to the second signaling, and the second signaling may also be in response to the first signaling.

[0154] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication method applied to a second node in the communication system shown in Figure 1 , the communication method comprising: sending a second signaling to a first node, wherein the second signaling comprises a second pilot sequence.

[0155] It should be noted that the embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the timing between the first signaling and the second signaling. In addition, the first signaling or the second signaling can be sent separately during the signaling interaction process.

[0156] In some embodiments, the second signaling may also be a second command or a second signal.

[0157] In some embodiments, there are multiple types of second pilot sequences.

[0158] In some embodiments, the second signaling is a frame. In some embodiments, the second signaling includes one or more signalings or signals.

[0159] In an exemplary implementation, the first signaling indicates the type of the second pilot sequence; or the second node autonomously determines the type of the second pilot sequence.

[0160] In some embodiments, the second pilot sequence includes a predefined sequence, which may be a sequence before encoding or a sequence after encoding.

[0161] In some embodiments, the multiple second pilot sequences have the same portion and different portions.

[0162] In an exemplary implementation, the identical portion is M repeated high and low levels, or M 0-bit encoded symbols, or M 1-bit encoded symbols.

[0163] The high and low levels can be a short low level plus a long high level, such as 011011011011, or a low level and a high level of the same length, such as 10101010, 4 repeated high and low levels.

[0164] In some embodiments, the same portion can also be a predefined sequence or a predefined m-sequence. The predefined sequence can include any one of the following: a sequence of 5 in length, a sequence of 7 in length, a sequence of 11 in length, a sequence of 13 in length, a sequence of 15 in length, a sequence of 17 in length, a sequence of 19 in length, or a sequence of 21 in length. The predefined m-sequence can include any one of the following: an m-sequence of 5 in length, an m-sequence of 7 in length, an m-sequence of 11 in length, an m-sequence of 13 in length, an m-sequence of 15 in length, an m-sequence of 17 in length, an m-sequence of 19 in length, or an m-sequence of 21 in length. In some embodiments, the different portions can also be a predefined sequence or a predefined m-sequence.

[0165] In some instances, the same portion / different portion is a portion that violates a coding rule and is used to distinguish the second pilot sequence from the second data. The following describes a violation of the coding rule under FM0 (frequency-shift keying modulation type 0) encoding or Miller encoding.

[0166] (1) In FM0 coding, the information bit 0 or 1 corresponds to four states after encoding: S1: 11, S2: 10, S3: 01, and S4: 00. As shown in Figure 8, under the FM0 coding rule, the transition relationship between the states is: S2 to S1 represents 1, S1 to S4 represents 1, S4 to S1 represents 1, S3 to S4 represents 1, S2 to S2 represents 0, S3 to S3 represents 0, S1 to S3 represents 0, and S4 to S2 represents 0. In other words, under the FM0 coding rule, the transition relationship between the states is: when the information bit is 1, the state switches to: S2 to S1, S1 to S4, S3 to S4, and S4 to S1; when the information bit is 0, the state switches to: S2 to S2, S3 to S3, S1 to S3, and S4 to S2. SX to SY means that the state at the previous moment is SX and the state at the next moment is SY. X or Y is 1, 2, 3, or 4.

[0167] Furthermore, the state combinations that can obtain state transitions that violate the FM0 encoding rules include at least one of the following: S2 to S4, S2 to S3, S1 to S2, S1 to S1, S3 to S1, S3 to S2, S4 to S4 or S4 to S3.

[0168] In some embodiments, the second pilot sequence may include one or more state combinations that violate the state transition rules of FMO coding, such as S1S2S4S3 sequence (ie, 11100001) or S2S4S3 sequence (ie, 100001).

[0169] (2) In Miller encoding, the information bit 0 or 1 corresponds to four states after encoding: S1: 11, S2: 10, S3: 01, and S4: 00. As shown in Figure 9, under the Miller encoding rule, the transition relationship between the states is: S1 to S2 represents 1, S3 to S2 represents 1, S2 to S3 represents 1, S4 to S3 represents 1, S4 to S1 represents 0, S1 to S4 represents 0, S2 to S4 represents 0, and S3 to S1 represents 0. In other words, under the Miller encoding rule, the transition relationship between the states is: when the information bit is 1, the state switches to: S1 to S2, S3 to S2, S2 to S3, and S4 to S3; when the information bit is 0, the state switches to: S4 to S1, S1 to S4, S2 to S4, and S3 to S1. SX to SY means that the state at the previous moment is SX and the state at the next moment is SY. X or Y is 1, 2, 3, or 4.

[0170] In this way, the state combinations that can be obtained that violate the Miller encoding rule include at least one of the following: S2 to S2, S2 to S1, S1 to S3, S1 to S1, S3 to S3, S3 to S4, S4 to S4 or S4 to S2.

[0171] In some embodiments, the second pilot sequence may include one or more state combinations that violate the Miller coding rule, such as the S1S3S4S2 sequence (i.e., 11010010), or the S2S1S3 sequence (i.e., 101101).

[0172] In some embodiments, the portion of the second pilot sequence that violates the Manchester coding rule may refer to the design of the portion of the first pilot sequence that violates the coding rule corresponding to the end indication.

[0173] In some embodiments, the multiple second pilot sequences each include a different subset, and the different subsets indicate different information.

[0174] In some embodiments, the different parts are orthogonal to each other; or the different parts are different sequences; or the different parts are different m-sequences.

[0175] In one implementation, the second pilot sequence can be used for collision detection and identification of multiple users. In some embodiments, each of the multiple second pilot sequences is used to indicate at least one of the following information: an encoding scheme for the second signaling, an ACK (acknowledgement), a NACK (negative acknowledgement), a device status of the second node, and a modulation scheme for the second signaling.

[0176] The encoding mode of the second signaling may be one of the following: FM0 encoding, Manchester encoding, Miller encoding, PPE (pulse position encoding). The modulation mode of the second signaling may be one of the following: ASK (amplitude shift keying), BPSK (binary phase shift keying).

[0177] In some embodiments, the second pilot sequence is not encoded. The second pilot sequence carries information indicating the encoding mode of the second signaling (or data in the second signaling). The second signaling includes the second pilot sequence and data.

[0178] In an exemplary implementation, there are multiple second pilot sequences, and the multiple second pilot sequences have the same part and different parts.

[0179] In some embodiments, the same portion of the second pilot sequence is not encoded.

[0180] As shown in Figure 10 , pilot 1 and pilot 2 are included. The difference between pilot 1 and pilot 2 is that pilot 1 includes M encoded 1s (e.g., four FM0 encoded 1s: 11001100), and pilot 2 includes M encoded 0s (e.g., four FM0 encoded 0s: 10101010). The common part between pilot 1 and pilot 2 is a predefined sequence (e.g., 11100001), which is not encoded.

[0181] In some embodiments, the different portions of the second pilot sequence are not encoded.

[0182] As shown in Figure 11, it includes pilot 1 and pilot 2. The different parts of pilot 1 and pilot 2 are: pilot 1 includes the predefined sequence 1110, which is encoded as 11001101, and pilot 2 includes the predefined sequence 0111, which is encoded as 10110011. The same part of pilot 1 and pilot 2 is M 10s (for example, 4 10s: 10101010).

[0183] For example, the same sequence does not need to be encoded and can be modulated directly; different sequences need to be encoded before modulation.

[0184] In some embodiments, no encoding is required, which means that modulation can be performed directly; and encoding is required, which means that modulation is performed after encoding.

[0185] In some embodiments, multiple second pilot sequences indicate information (such as frequency, bandwidth, etc.) based on the number of repetitions of specific information. Specific information with different numbers of repetitions indicates different information. The mapping relationship between the number of repetitions of the specific information and the information indicated by the second pilot sequence is predefined.

[0186] For example, the 0 in the FM0 code in one field of the second pilot sequence is repeated M times, and different M corresponds to different uplink bandwidths (or uplink frequencies).

[0187] In some embodiments, the multiple second pilot sequences indicate different information based on sequence coding, such as indicating information based on the position of 0 / 1. The mapping relationship between the position of 0 / 1 and the indicated information is predefined.

[0188] In some embodiments, the plurality of second pilot sequences may indicate different information based on specially designed positions, such as high / low level positions of a specific length, wherein the mapping relationship between the high / low level of the specific length and the indicated information is predefined.

[0189] Exemplarily, multiple frame headers are implemented based on multiple high-level position indication frame header information, such as 0110000 and 0000110; or multiple frame headers are implemented based on multiple low-level position indication frame header information, such as 1001111 and 1111001.

[0190] In addition, based on the high / low level position of a specific length, the implementation of multiple frame headers can include at least one of the following: 2 frame headers corresponding to 100111 and 1111000, 4 frame headers corresponding to 10000000, 00100000, 00001000 and 00000010, and 3 frame headers corresponding to 110000000, 000110000 and 000000110.

[0191] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the second signaling further includes a data portion, and a portion of the second pilot sequence serves as an inserter, which is used to divide the data portion.

[0192] In some embodiments, the second signaling further includes a data portion, and the data portion is segmented, i.e., divided into multiple data segments. Each data segment is followed by a CRC (cyclic redundancy check), where the CRC of the first data segment is generated based on the first data segment, and the CRC of the 1st data segment is generated based on the CRCs of the 1st data segment and the 1-1th data segment, where 1 is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0193] In an exemplary implementation, the function of the caret includes at least one of: for device synchronization between the first node and the second node, for time synchronization between the first node and the second node, for measurement, for channel estimation, or for calibration.

[0194] In some embodiments, there are multiple second pilot sequences, and the same parts of the multiple second pilot sequences serve as inserts; or different parts of the multiple pilot sequences serve as inserts.

[0195] In some embodiments, the number of carets in the second signaling may include one or more. When the number of carets is multiple, the carets and may be the same or different.

[0196] In the case where the multiple insertion symbols are different, the multiple insertion symbols correspond to different parts of the second pilot sequence, or the multiple insertion symbols use the same coding and correspond to different source bits.

[0197] In some embodiments, the second pilot sequence is located at the end of the data portion of the second signaling as a terminator, which is used to indicate the end of the data portion.

[0198] The same portion of the multiple second pilot sequences may serve as the terminator, or different portions of the multiple second pilot sequences may serve as the terminator.

[0199] In some embodiments, the frame corresponding to the second signaling may not have a terminator, and the first node may determine the length of the data field (also referred to as the data channel) based on the frame or the control field. Alternatively, the first node may determine whether the data field exists based on the frame or the control field.

[0200] In some embodiments, the second signaling further includes a reference sequence, and the reference sequence includes at least one of the following functions: measurement, channel estimation, calibration, proximity determination, RSRP (Reference Signal Receiving Power) measurement, or received signal strength measurement.

[0201] In some embodiments, the second signaling also includes a terminator.

[0202] In some embodiments, the second signaling further includes a caret.

[0203] In some embodiments, the insertion character, the end character, or the reference sequence may include one or more sequences that violate the coding rules. In some embodiments, the sequence that violates the coding rules indicates a state that includes one or more violations of the coding rules.

[0204] In an exemplary implementation, an insertion character, a terminator, or a reference sequence includes a first sequence, which is one or more sequences that violate coding rules. The first sequence can use the state of the last symbol in the data field, the control field, or the second pilot sequence as a reference state, and the reference state is used to determine sequences that violate coding rules. The first sequence can use the state of the last symbol before the first sequence as a reference state, and the reference state is used to determine sequences that violate coding rules. The first sequence can use the state of the last symbol before the insertion character, the terminator, the reference sequence, or the second pilot sequence as a reference state.

[0205] For example, in Miller coding, the last code element is S1, and the states that violate the coding rules after S1 are S1 and S3. The terminator can be one or more consecutive S1s, or one or more S3s, or a sequence of multiple violations of the coding rules starting with S3 (such as S3S4S2S1, etc.), or a sequence of multiple violations of the coding rules starting with S1 (such as S1S3S4S2, etc.).

[0206] For example, in FM0 encoding, the last code element is S1, and the states that violate the encoding rules after S1 are S1 and S2. The end symbol can be one or more consecutive S1s, or one or more S2s, or multiple sequences that violate the encoding rules starting with S1 (such as S1S2S4S3, etc.), or multiple sequences that violate the encoding rules starting with S2 (such as S2S4S3S1, etc.).

[0207] In some embodiments, the order of violating the coding rules when generating the terminator, the reference sequence, the second pilot sequence, or the insertion character may be predefined.

[0208] For example, in Miller coding, the terminator can be defined as one or more repeated last symbol states; or, based on the last symbol state as a reference, one or more states that violate the coding rules are determined based on the rules S1-S3, S3-S4, S4-S2, and S2-S1. For example, if the last symbol is S3, then the one or more sequences that violate the coding rules corresponding to the terminator, second pilot sequence, reference sequence, or insertion symbol should begin with S4 and satisfy the rules S1-S3, S3-S4, S4-S2, and S2-S1. For example, the six states that violate the coding rules corresponding to the terminator, second pilot sequence, reference sequence, or insertion symbol starting with S4 are selected as S4, S2, S1, S3, S4, and S2, respectively.

[0209] In some embodiments, in FMO coding, it is specified that one or more states violating the coding rules are determined based on the rules of S2-S4, S4-S3, S3-S1, and S1-S2, with the last symbol state as a reference. For example, if the last symbol is S3, then the one or more sequences violating the coding rules corresponding to the end symbol, the second pilot sequence, the reference sequence, or the insertion symbol should begin with S4. The seven states violating the coding rules starting with S4 are selected in the order of S4, S3, S1, S2, S4, S3, and S1.

[0210] For example, when M states that violate the coding rules need to be selected, the first state is based on the state of the last code element, and a state is selected according to the rules of S2-S4, S4-S3, S3-S1, and S1-S2. Each subsequent state is based on the previous state, and is still selected according to the rules of S2-S4, S4-S3, S3-S1, and S1-S2, until the predefined M states are selected.

[0211] The first sequence is a sequence of one or more code element combinations corresponding to the states that violate the coding rules. For example, the first sequence corresponding to the states S3, S4, S2, S1, S3, and S4 that violate the coding rules is 010010110100.

[0212] In some embodiments, the second signaling also includes second control information, and the second control information includes at least one of the following: a data scheduling request, feedback information on the remaining data amount, a repeat transmission request, and a code rate.

[0213] The data scheduling request is a request for the first node to schedule data when the second node has data to send. The feedback information of the remaining data amount is used to indicate the remaining data to be sent by the second node. The repeat transmission request is used to request the repeated transmission of data.

[0214] As shown in FIG. 12 , in some embodiments, the second control information is located at the end of the second signaling, and the second signaling further includes a second pilot sequence and second data.

[0215] In some embodiments, when the second node receives a signal for instructing the second node to send a second signal and the second node is to actively send (not send by the second node through backscattering) the second control information, the second node sends the second signal and sends the second control information immediately after sending the second signal.

[0216] In some embodiments, the number of bits of the second control information is fixed.

[0217] In some embodiments, the second control information includes multiple information fields. Different information fields indicate different contents. When an information field does not contain information, the information field is all 0 or all 1.

[0218] In some embodiments, the terminator of the second control information is different from the terminator of the second data.

[0219] In some embodiments, the second control information does not require a CRC and / or does not include a terminator.

[0220] In some embodiments, when the second node does not have second control information to send, the second signaling does not include the second control information.

[0221] In some embodiments, the second control information may be physical layer signaling, MAC layer signaling, or RRC (radio resource control) protocol signaling.

[0222] In some embodiments, the second pilot sequence, MAC control signaling, RRC signaling, or physical layer signaling can indicate whether the second control information exists in the frame structure corresponding to the second signaling. For example, the second pilot sequence may indicate whether the second control information is subsequently contained based on 1 bit. In some embodiments, 1 indicates that the second control information is subsequently contained, and 0 indicates that the second control information is not subsequently contained.

[0223] In some embodiments, the first pilot sequence or the second pilot sequence or the first control information or the specific MAC signaling or the specific public signaling is used to indicate at least one of the following: the listening period of the second node (or device), the listening interval of the second node, the start of listening, the inventory command, the paging command period, the sending interval of the inventory command, the sending interval of the paging command, and the duration of listening.

[0224] The second node monitoring indicates that the second node receives or attempts to decode the first signaling. The period or interval is determined based on the position of the second pilot sequence or the control field of the second signaling. The duration is the duration that the second node receives or attempts to decode the first signaling.

[0225] In some embodiments, if the second node receives the first signaling within the duration, the second node's monitoring duration is extended. The extended duration is a preset duration or a duration indicated by a pilot sequence, control information, MAC signaling, or a specific common signaling. The reason for the extension is that, having received the signal sent by the first node, subsequent communication between the first node and the second node must be ensured, and therefore monitoring must be continued.

[0226] In some embodiments, the second node receives the first signaling within the duration, and the second node is activated or awakened.

[0227] In some embodiments, if the signal strength of the first signaling received by the second node is greater than or equal to a preset strength threshold within a duration, the second node is activated or awakened. The strength of the first signaling can be based on a received signal strength indicator or other parameters (e.g., RSRP (reference signal received power) or RSRQ (reference signal received quality)).

[0228] MAC signaling may include one of the following: inventory command, paging command, wake-up command, and monitoring command.

[0229] For a second node having energy acquisition or energy harvesting capability, device 2a (having an amplifier that uses backscattering to send signals / signaling) or device 2b (having an amplifier that can actively generate and send signals / signaling), the monitoring period of the second node can be configured based on a pilot sequence or control information or MAC signaling or public signaling, and the receiving position of the pilot sequence or control information or MAC signaling or public signaling can be used as a reference point.

[0230] As shown in FIG13 , within a plurality of monitoring cycles, each monitoring cycle has a duration.

[0231] As shown in Figure 14, a schematic diagram of the change in the device state of the second node according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. After the second node is powered on, it is first charged and then enters the ready state (including the dormant state, the sleeping state, and the normal state) after the charging is completed. In some embodiments, the normal state is also referred to as the regular state.

[0232] If the second node is configured with a listening period, the second node performs activities based on the listening period, switches to a normal state at the beginning of the duration, and switches to a dormant state at the end of the duration.

[0233] If the second node receives the first signaling within the duration, the second node maintains a normal state for a duration from the moment the first signaling is received, and enters a dormant state at the end of the duration.

[0234] When the second node does not receive the first signaling within a preset number of listening cycles, the second node enters a sleep state.

[0235] When the second node in the sleep state receives the first signaling whose strength is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the second node switches to the normal state or the sleep state.

[0236] In some embodiments, the power consumption of the second node in the sleep state is less than the power consumption in the hibernation state.

[0237] In some embodiments, the second signaling may be one of the following: signaling for reporting device information of the second node, signaling for indicating receipt of confirmation information, a response to the first signaling, signaling carrying ID information of the second node, signaling carrying the second node ID information and data to be reported, signaling for feedback of Msg 1 for Msg 0, signaling for feedback of Msg 2 for Msg 1, signaling for feedback of Msg 3 for Msg 2 fed back starting from Msg 0, and signaling of Msg 4 for feedback of Msg 3 starting from Msg 1.

[0238] At least two of the signaling for reporting device information of the second node, the signaling for indicating receipt of confirmation information, the response to the first signaling, the signaling carrying the ID information of the second node, the signaling carrying the second node ID information and the data to be reported, the signaling for feedback of Msg 1 for Msg 0, the signaling for feedback of Msg 2 for Msg 1, the signaling for feedback of Msg 3 for Msg 2 fed back starting from Msg 0, and the signaling of Msg 4 for Msg 3 fed back starting from Msg 1 have at least one of the following differences: a second pilot sequence, a coding mode, a code rate, and a frame structure.

[0239] In an exemplary implementation, the access process starts from Msg 0, and the difference between Msg 1 and Msg 3 includes at least one of the following: the second pilot sequence of Msg 3 is a part of Msg 1, and the second pilot sequence of Msg 3 is an uncoded part of Msg 1.

[0240] In some embodiments, there are multiple second nodes, the first signaling indicates the target device capability or target device type, and the second nodes whose device capability or device type is the target device capability or target device type among the multiple second nodes can access the first node.

[0241] In some embodiments, the second signaling reports the device information (device capability or device type) of the second node, and the first node completes at least one of the following based on the device information of the second node: encoding or modulating the first signaling that determines the device information of the second node, selecting the type of the first pilot sequence of the first signaling that determines the device information of the second node, determining the type of the second pilot sequence for the second node to send the second signaling next time, and determining the modulation or coding method of the second data in the second signaling sent by the second node.

[0242] In some embodiments, the terminal capability or terminal type is reported in the second signaling. The first node encodes and / or modulates Msg2 (starting from Msg 0) or Msg 3 (starting from Msg 1) based on the reported terminal capability or terminal type, or selects the first pilot sequence type of Msg 2 (starting from Msg 0) or Msg 3 (starting from Msg 1) based on the reported terminal capability or terminal type, or indicates the type of the second pilot sequence to be used by the second node for the next transmission of the second signaling based on the reported terminal capability or terminal type, or indicates the modulation and / or coding mode of the type of the second pilot sequence to be used by the second node for the next transmission of the second signaling based on the reported terminal capability or terminal type, or indicates the modulation and / or coding mode of the data based on the reported terminal capability or terminal type.

[0243] In some embodiments, the second signaling includes M random bits and N information indication bits, where M and N are both integers greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 32. The information indication bits are used to indicate device information.

[0244] In some embodiments, M+N=16; or M=14, N=2; or M=15, N=1; or M=16, N is 0 or an integer greater than 0 and less than 4.

[0245] In some embodiments, when the first signaling indicates information that the second node should feedback, the second signaling sent by the second node includes feedback information corresponding to the information indicated in the first signaling. The feedback information includes at least one of the following: device type, device capability, operating duration information, listening period information, remaining battery information, continuous activation interval information, energy acquisition duration information, and expected wireless energy supply duration information.

[0246] In some embodiments, the second signaling sent by the second node includes feedback information. The feedback information includes at least one of the following: device type, device capability, working duration information, listening period information, remaining power information, continuous activation interval information, energy acquisition duration information, and expected wireless energy supply duration information. The working duration information indicates how long the device can still work. The continuous activation interval information indicates the time that the device is continuously in the activated state, or indicates the continuous activation interval of the device, or indicates the time interval for the device to be in the activated state. The energy acquisition duration information indicates the duration of the device and energy acquisition, or the duration for the device to acquire energy. The expected wireless energy supply duration indicates the energy supply duration expected by the device, or the charging duration, or the duration for which the first node is expected to provide CW.

[0247] The embodiments of the present disclosure can divide the functional modules of the communication device according to the above-mentioned method embodiments. For example, each functional module can be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated into one functional module. The above-mentioned integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or software. It should be noted that the division of modules in the embodiments of the present disclosure is schematic and is only a logical functional division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. The following is an example of dividing each functional module corresponding to each function.

[0248] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, which can execute the communication method provided by the above method embodiment. As shown in FIG15 , the communication device 150 includes: a sending module 1501.

[0249] The sending module 1501 is configured to send a first signaling to the second node, wherein the first signaling includes a first pilot sequence, wherein the first pilot sequence includes multiple first pilot sequences, and each of the multiple first pilot sequences corresponds to a type of transmission information.

[0250] The present disclosure also provides another communication method, applied to a second node, comprising: receiving first signaling sent by a first node. The first signaling includes a first pilot sequence. The first pilot sequence may include multiple first pilot sequences, each of the multiple first pilot sequences corresponding to a type of transmission information.

[0251] The present disclosure also provides another communication device, applied to a second node, comprising: a receiving module. The receiving module is configured to receive first signaling sent by a first node. The first signaling includes a first pilot sequence. The first pilot sequence may include multiple first pilot sequences, each of which corresponds to a type of transmission information. In the case where the functions of the above-mentioned integrated modules are implemented in hardware, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides another structure of the communication device involved in the above-mentioned embodiment. As shown in Figure 16, the communication device 160 includes: a processor 1602 and a bus 1604. In some embodiments, the communication device may also include a memory 1601. In some embodiments, the communication device may also include a communication interface 1603.

[0252] Processor 1602 may implement or execute the various exemplary logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present disclosure. Processor 1602 may be a central processing unit, a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array, or other programmable logic device, a transistor logic device, a hardware component, or any combination thereof, and may implement or execute the various exemplary logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present disclosure. Processor 1602 may also be a combination that implements computing functions, such as a combination of one or more microprocessors, a combination of a DSP (digital signal processor) and a microprocessor, and the like.

[0253] The communication interface 1603 is used to connect to other devices via a communication network, such as Ethernet, wireless access network, or wireless local area network (WLAN).

[0254] The memory 1601 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device that can store information and instructions, or an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto.

[0255] As an implementation, the memory 1601 may exist independently of the processor 1602. The memory 1601 may be connected to the processor 1602 via a bus 1604 to store instructions or program codes. When the processor 1602 calls and executes the instructions or program codes stored in the memory 1601, the communication method provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented.

[0256] In another implementation, the memory 1601 may also be integrated with the processor 1602 .

[0257] Bus 1604 can be an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. Bus 1604 can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, FIG16 shows only one thick line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0258] Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a computer-readable storage medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium), which stores computer program instructions. When the computer program instructions are executed on a computer, the computer executes the communication method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0259] Exemplarily, the above-mentioned computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to: magnetic storage devices (e.g., hard disks, floppy disks, or magnetic tapes), optical disks (e.g., compact disks (CDs), digital versatile disks (DVDs), etc.), smart cards, and flash memory devices (e.g., erasable programmable read-only memories (EPROMs), cards, sticks, or key drives, etc.). The various computer-readable storage media described in the present disclosure may represent one or more devices and / or other machine-readable storage media for storing information. The term "machine-readable storage medium" may include, but is not limited to, wireless channels and various other media capable of storing, containing, and / or carrying instructions and / or data.

[0260] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a computer program product comprising instructions. When the computer program product is run on a computer, the computer is enabled to execute the communication method described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0261] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication solution in which a first node sends first signaling to a second node. The first signaling includes a first pilot sequence. The first pilot sequence may include multiple first pilot sequences, and each of the multiple first pilot sequences corresponds to a type of transmission information. Because the transmission information corresponding to the first pilot sequence includes transmission information required for synchronization between the first node and the second node, synchronization issues between the first node and the second node can be resolved, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of signaling transmission between the first node and the second node.

[0262] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, but the scope of protection of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Any changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the present disclosure should be included in the scope of protection of the present disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present disclosure should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method, applied to a first node, comprising: A first signaling is sent to the second node, where the first signaling includes a first pilot sequence. There are multiple first pilot sequences as the first pilot sequence, and each of the multiple first pilot sequences corresponds to at least one transmission information.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The at least one transmission information includes at least one of the following: the signaling type of the first signaling, the code rate of the first signaling, the encoding method of the first signaling, the frequency offset, the code rate of the second signaling, the encoding method of the second signaling, the device capability of the second node, the device type of the second node, the device status of the second node, the frame structure of the first signaling, the number of repeated transmissions, and the transmission method.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein The plurality of first pilot sequences have the same portion.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein Different parts of the multiple first pilot sequences correspond to the same number of bits or the same number of on-off keying symbols (OOK). The multiple first pilot sequences are longest linear feedback shift register sequence (m-sequence) or orthogonal sequences.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein The multiple first pilot sequences differ in at least one of the following: coding mode, symbol length, sequence length, a specific number of consecutive high levels or positions of bit 1, and a specific number of consecutive low levels or positions of bit 0.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein The first pilot sequence includes an end indication.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein The first signaling also includes first control information, and the first control information includes at least one of the following: beam information, port information, energy reporting indication, and proximity feedback.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein The first signaling is one of the following: signaling for indicating access, signaling for confirming device information of the second node, or response signaling to the second signaling.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein At least two of the signaling for indicating access, the signaling for confirming the device information of the second node, and the response signaling to the second signaling are different in at least one of the following: the first pilot sequence, the coding method, the code rate, and the frame structure.

10. The method according to claim 1, wherein The first signaling further includes a terminator, which includes one or more code elements that violate coding rules, or one or more sequences that violate coding rules.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein: When the first signaling adopts Manchester encoding, the terminator includes one or more code elements that violate the encoding rules, or one or more sequences that violate the encoding rules, wherein the one or more code elements that violate the encoding rules or the one or more sequences that violate the encoding rules are '11' and / or '00'.

12. The method according to claim 1, wherein The first signaling also includes a data part, which includes a first symbol and a second symbol; the data part satisfies at least one of the following: there is a second symbol before every M-1 first symbols, there is a second symbol after every M-1 first symbols, there are M-1 first symbols after each second symbol, and there are M-1 second symbols after each first symbol.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein: The first symbol and the second symbol are OOK symbols, and the first symbol is shorter than the second symbol; or the first symbol and the second symbol are chip symbols, and the length of the first symbol is shorter than the length of the second symbol.

14. The method according to claim 1, wherein The sequence length or number of bits or number of OOK symbols or number of chip symbols of the first pilot sequence is an odd number; or the sequence length or number of bits or number of OOK symbols or number of chips after encoding the first pilot sequence is an odd number.

15. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: A second signaling sent by the second node is received, where the second signaling includes a second pilot sequence.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein The second signaling further includes a data portion, and a portion of the second pilot sequence serves as an inserter, and the inserter is used to divide the data portion.

17. The method according to claim 16, wherein There are multiple different second pilot sequences for the second pilot sequence, and the same part of the multiple second pilot sequences serves as the insertion character; or different parts of the multiple second pilot sequences serve as the insertion character.

18. The method according to claim 15, wherein The second signaling further includes second control information, and the second control information includes at least one of the following: a data scheduling request, feedback information of a remaining data amount, a repeat transmission request, and a code rate.

19. The method according to claim 18, wherein The second control information is located at the end of the second signaling.

20. The method according to claim 15, wherein The second signaling is one of the following: signaling for reporting device information of the second node, signaling for indicating receipt of confirmation information, a response to the first signaling, signaling carrying second node identification ID information, and signaling carrying the second node ID information and data to be reported.

21. The method according to claim 20, wherein At least two of the signaling used to report the device information of the second node, the signaling used to indicate receipt of confirmation information, the response to the first signaling, the signaling carrying the ID information of the second node, and the signaling carrying the second node ID information and the data to be reported, have at least one of the following differences: the second pilot sequence, the coding method, the code rate, and the frame structure.

22. The method according to claim 15, wherein The second signaling further includes M random bits and N information indication bits, where M and N are both integers greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 32.

23. The method according to claim 15, wherein: The second signaling further includes at least one of the following: an end character, an insertion character, and a reference sequence.

24. The method according to claim 23, wherein: At least one of the second pilot sequence, the end character, the insertion character, and the reference sequence includes a first sequence; the first sequence is a sequence generated using one or more violations of coding rules.

25. The method according to claim 24, wherein: Taking the state of data, data segment, control information or the last symbol of the second pilot sequence as a reference state, selecting a sequence that satisfies the one or more violations of the coding rules to generate the first sequence.

26. The method according to claim 24, wherein: In the case where the coding rule is Miller coding, the first sequence is a sequence corresponding to the state of one or more repeated data / data segments / control information / the last symbol of the second pilot sequence.

27. A communication method, applied to a second node, comprising: A first signaling sent by a first node is received, where the first signaling includes a first pilot sequence. There are multiple first pilot sequences as the first pilot sequence, and each of the multiple first pilot sequences corresponds to one type of transmission information.

28. The method according to claim 27, further comprising: A second signaling is sent to the first node, where the second signaling is used to respond to the first signaling, and the second signaling includes a second pilot sequence.

29. A communication device comprising: A memory and a processor; wherein the memory is coupled to the processor; the memory is used to store instructions executable by the processor; when the processor executes the instructions, it executes the method according to any one of claims 1-26, or executes the method according to any one of claims 27-28.

30. A computer-readable storage medium, wherein: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and when the computer instructions are executed on a computer, the computer is enabled to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 26, or the method according to any one of claims 27 to 28.

31. A computer program product, wherein The computer program product comprises computer program instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 26 or perform the method according to any one of claims 27 to 28.

Images