Transmission method and apparatus, and terminal and network-side device

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of communications. Disclosed are a transmission method and apparatus, and a terminal and a network-side device. The transmission method in the embodiments of the present application comprises: a terminal determining a first uplink transmitting power of an Nth random access message transmission on the basis of a first parameter, and the terminal performing the Nth random access message transmission on the basis of the first uplink transmitting power, wherein the first parameter comprises a first power parameter corresponding to a first resource type, the first resource type is the type of a random access resource of the Nth random access message transmission, the type of the random access resource comprises at least two types of random access resources, the at least two types of random access resources are respectively random access resources corresponding to at least types of two duplex models, and N is an integer greater than 1.

Description

Transmission method, device, terminal and network side equipment

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202410403567.7 filed in China on April 3, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present application belongs to the field of communication technology, and specifically relates to a transmission method, apparatus, terminal and network-side equipment. Background Art

[0004] Currently, when performing multiple random access message transmissions, a terminal directly increases the uplink transmit power based on the uplink transmit power of the previous transmission to determine the uplink transmit power for the current random access message transmission. With the advancement of communication technology, terminals can be configured with random access resources in different duplex modes. If a terminal switches between random access resources in different duplex modes during multiple random access message transmissions, the uplink transmit power determined using the above uplink transmit power determination method is often less accurate, affecting transmission performance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a transmission method, apparatus, terminal, and network-side equipment, which can improve the accuracy of the determined uplink transmission power when the terminal performs multiple random access message transmissions, thereby improving the transmission performance.

[0006] In a first aspect, a transmission method is provided, the method comprising:

[0007] The terminal determines, according to the first parameter, a first uplink transmit power for the Nth random access message transmission;

[0008] The terminal performs the Nth random access message transmission according to the first uplink transmit power;

[0009] The first parameter includes a first power parameter corresponding to a first resource type, the first resource type is the type of random access resource for the Nth random access message transmission, the type of random access resource includes at least two types of random access resources, and the at least two types of random access resources are random access resources corresponding to at least two duplex models, respectively, and N is an integer greater than 1.

[0010] In a second aspect, a transmission device is provided, the device comprising:

[0011] A first determining module, configured to determine a first uplink transmit power for an N-th random access message transmission according to a first parameter;

[0012] a transmission module, configured to perform the Nth random access message transmission according to the first uplink transmit power;

[0013] The first parameter includes a first power parameter corresponding to a first resource type, the first resource type is the type of random access resource for the Nth random access message transmission, the type of random access resource includes at least two types of random access resources, and the at least two types of random access resources are random access resources corresponding to at least two duplex models, respectively, and N is an integer greater than 1.

[0014] In a third aspect, a transmission method is provided, the method comprising:

[0015] The network side device sends a second parameter to the terminal;

[0016] The second parameter includes power parameters corresponding to at least two types of random access resources, and the at least two types of random access resources are random access resources corresponding to at least two duplex models.

[0017] In a fourth aspect, a transmission device is provided, the device comprising:

[0018] A sending module, configured to send a second parameter to the terminal;

[0019] The second parameter includes power parameters corresponding to at least two types of random access resources, and the at least two types of random access resources are random access resources corresponding to at least two duplex models.

[0020] In a fifth aspect, a terminal is provided, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a program or instruction that can be run on the processor, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the steps of the method described in the first aspect are implemented.

[0021] In the sixth aspect, a terminal is provided, comprising a processor and a communication interface, wherein the processor is used to determine a first uplink transmit power for the Nth random access message transmission based on a first parameter; the communication interface is used to perform the Nth random access message transmission based on the first uplink transmit power; wherein the first parameter includes a first power parameter corresponding to a first resource type, the first resource type is the type of random access resource for the Nth random access message transmission, the type of random access resource includes at least two types of random access resources, the at least two types of random access resources are random access resources corresponding to at least two duplex models, and N is an integer greater than 1.

[0022] In the seventh aspect, a network side device is provided, which includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores programs or instructions that can be run on the processor, and when the program or instructions are executed by the processor, the steps of the method described in the third aspect are implemented.

[0023] In the eighth aspect, a network side device is provided, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is used to send a second parameter to the terminal; wherein the second parameter includes power parameters corresponding to at least two types of random access resources, and the at least two types of random access resources are random access resources corresponding to at least two duplex models.

[0024] In the ninth aspect, a transmission system is provided, comprising: a terminal and a network side device, wherein the terminal can be used to execute the steps of the transmission method described in the first aspect, and the network side device can be used to execute the steps of the transmission method described in the third aspect.

[0025] In the tenth aspect, a readable storage medium is provided, on which a program or instruction is stored. When the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the steps of the method described in the first aspect are implemented, or the steps of the method described in the third aspect are implemented.

[0026] In the eleventh aspect, a chip is provided, which includes a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or to implement the steps of the method described in the third aspect.

[0027] In the twelfth aspect, a computer program / program product is provided, which includes a computer program or computer instructions, and the computer program or computer instructions are executed by at least one processor to implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or to implement the steps of the method described in the third aspect.

[0028] In an embodiment of the present application, a terminal determines a first uplink transmit power for an N-th random access message transmission based on a first parameter; the terminal performs the N-th random access message transmission based on the first uplink transmit power; wherein the first parameter includes a first power parameter corresponding to a first resource type, the first resource type is a type of random access resource for the N-th random access message transmission, the type of the random access resource includes at least two types of random access resources, and the at least two types of random access resources are random access resources corresponding to at least two duplex models, respectively. N is an integer greater than 1, that is, the embodiment of the present application determines the uplink transmit power of the current random access message transmission based on the power parameter corresponding to the type of random access resource selected for the current random access message transmission, which is conducive to ensuring that the determined uplink transmit power matches the current duplex mode, improving the accuracy of the determined uplink transmit power, and thereby improving transmission performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] FIG1 is a block diagram of a wireless communication system to which embodiments of the present application may be applied;

[0030] FIG2a is a schematic diagram of a full-duplex mode resource configuration according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] FIG2 b is a second schematic diagram of full-duplex mode resource configuration provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] FIG2c is a schematic diagram of full-duplex mode transmission provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] FIG2 d is a schematic diagram of a protection bandwidth configuration in full-duplex mode provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] FIG3 is a flow chart of a transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] FIG4a is a schematic diagram of power increase during multiple random access message transmissions according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] FIG4b is a second schematic diagram of power increase during multiple random access message transmissions provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] FIG4c is a third schematic diagram of power increase during multiple random access message transmissions provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] FIG4d is a fourth schematic diagram of power increase during multiple random access message transmissions provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] FIG4e is a fifth schematic diagram of power increase during multiple random access message transmissions provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] FIG4f is a sixth schematic diagram of power increase during multiple random access message transmissions provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] FIG4g is a seventh schematic diagram of power increase during multiple random access message transmissions provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] FIG5 is a flow chart of another transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] FIG6 is a structural diagram of a transmission device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] FIG7 is a structural diagram of another transmission device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] FIG8 is a structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] FIG9 is a structural diagram of a terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] FIG10 is a structural diagram of a network-side device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0049] The terms "first", "second", etc. in this application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms used in this way are interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first" and "second" are generally of the same type, and do not limit the number of objects, for example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "or" in this application represents at least one of the connected objects. For example, "A or B" covers three options, namely, Option 1: including A but not including B; Option 2: including B but not including A; Option 3: including both A and B. The character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0050] The term "indication" in this application can be either a direct indication (or explicit indication) or an indirect indication (or implicit indication). A direct indication can be understood as the sender explicitly informing the receiver of specific information, the operation to be performed, or the requested result, etc. in the instruction sent; an indirect indication can be understood as the receiver determining the corresponding information based on the instruction sent by the sender, or making a judgment and determining the operation to be performed or the requested result, etc. based on the judgment result.

[0051] It is worth noting that the technology described in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to the Long Term Evolution (LTE) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) system, but can also be used in other wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single-carrier Frequency-Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) or other systems. The terms "system" and "network" in the embodiments of the present application are often used interchangeably, and the technology described can be used for the systems and radio technologies mentioned above, as well as for other systems and radio technologies. The following description describes a New Radio (NR) system for illustrative purposes, and NR terminology is used in most of the following description, but these technologies can also be applied to systems other than NR systems, such as 6th generation (6G) systems. th Generation, 6G) communication system.

[0052] FIG1 is a block diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to an embodiment of the present application. The wireless communication system includes a terminal 11 and a network-side device 12. The terminal 11 may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer (Tablet Personal Computer), a laptop computer (Laptop Computer), a notebook computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a handheld computer, a netbook, an ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), a mobile internet device (MID), an augmented reality (AR), a virtual reality (VR) device, a robot, a wearable device (Wearable Device), an aircraft (Flight Vehicle), a vehicle-mounted device (VUE), a ship-mounted device, a pedestrian user equipment (PUE), a smart home (home appliances with wireless communication capabilities, such as refrigerators, televisions, washing machines, or furniture), a game console, a personal computer (PC), an ATM, or a self-service machine, or other terminal-side devices. Wearable devices include: smart watches, smart bracelets, smart headphones, smart glasses, smart jewelry (smart bracelets, smart bracelets, smart rings, smart necklaces, smart anklets, smart anklets, etc.), smart wristbands, smart clothing, etc. Among them, the vehicle-mounted device can also be called a vehicle-mounted terminal, a vehicle-mounted controller, a vehicle-mounted module, a vehicle-mounted component, a vehicle-mounted chip or a vehicle-mounted unit, etc. It should be noted that the specific type of the terminal 11 is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. The network side device 12 may include an access network device or a core network device, wherein the access network device may also be called a radio access network (Radio Access Network, RAN) device, a radio access network function or a radio access network unit. The access network device may include a base station, a wireless local area network (WLAN) access point (AP) or a wireless fidelity (WiFi) node, etc.Among them, the base station can be referred to as Node B (NB), Evolved Node B (eNB), the next generation Node B (gNB), New Radio Node B (NR Node B), access point, Relay Base Station (RBS), Serving Base Station (SBS), Base Transceiver Station (BTS), radio base station, radio transceiver, Basic Service Set (BSS), Extended Service Set (ESS), Home Node B (HNB), Home Evolved Node B (home evolved Node B), Transmission Reception Point (TRP) or other appropriate terms in the field. As long as the same technical effect is achieved, the base station is not limited to specific technical vocabulary. It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, only the base station in the NR system is used as an example for introduction, and the specific type of the base station is not limited.

[0053] The core network equipment may include but is not limited to at least one of the following: core network node, core network function, mobility management entity (MME), access mobility management function (AMF), session management function (SMF), user plane function (UPF), policy control function (PCF), policy and charging rules function unit (PCRF), edge application service discovery function (EASDF), unified data management (UDM), unified data repository (UDR), home user server (HSS), centralized network configuration (CNC), network storage function (NRF), network exposure function (NEF), local NEF (L-NEF), binding support function (BSF), application function ( It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, only the core network device in the NR system is introduced as an example, and the specific type of the core network device is not limited.

[0054] For ease of understanding, some of the contents involved in the embodiments of this application are described below:

[0055] 1. Random Access Process

[0056] In related technologies, a random access procedure may be a contention-based random access procedure or a non-contention-based random access procedure. The random access procedure may be a four-step random access procedure (also called a Type-1 random access procedure) or a two-step random access procedure (also called a Type-2 random access procedure).

[0057] During the contention-based four-step Random Access Channel (RACH) process, the user equipment (UE) first sends Message 1 (Msg1) to the network, containing a preamble. After detecting the preamble, the network sends Message 2 (Msg2) / Random Access Response (RAR), which contains the preamble number detected by the network and the uplink radio resources allocated to the UE for sending Message 3 (Msg3). After receiving Msg2, the UE confirms that at least one of the preamble numbers carried in Msg2 matches the number of the preamble it sent. Based on the resources indicated by the RAR, it sends Msg3 containing contention resolution information. After receiving Msg3, the network sends Message 4 (Msg4) containing contention resolution information. Upon receiving Msg4, the UE confirms that the resolution information matches the contention resolution information sent in Msg3, completing the four-step random access process.

[0058] The network includes uplink grant (UL grant) information in the RAR to indicate the scheduling information of the Msg3 Physical Uplink Sharing Channel (PUSCH), and includes RACH preamble ID (RAPID), Temporary Cell Radio Network Temporary Identity (TC-RNTI), Time Advance (TA), etc. If the network does not receive the Msg3 PUSCH, it can schedule the retransmission of the Msg3 PUSCH in the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) scrambled by the TC-RNTI.

[0059] For the contention-based random access process, different UEs randomly select preambles for transmission. In this way, different UEs may select the same preamble to send on the same time-frequency radio resources (random access opportunity (RACH Occasion, RO) resources). This situation can be understood as a UE preamble conflict. In this case, different UEs will receive the same RAR. At this time, different UEs will transmit Msg3 PUSCH according to the scheduling information in the RAR UL grant. Since the relevant technology does not support repeated transmission of Msg3 PUSCH, the network can only decode the PUSCH (including contention resolution information) sent by one UE on one Msg3 PUSCH scheduling resource. Therefore, the network will include the contention resolution information received in Msg3 in Msg4. If the contention resolution information in Msg4 received by the UE matches the contention resolution information sent by the UE in Msg3PUSCH, the UE considers that the contention resolution is successful. If they do not match, the contention resolution is considered unsuccessful.

[0060] If the contention resolution is unsuccessful, the UE reselects RACH transmission resources, performs physical random access channel (PRACH) transmission, and makes the next random access attempt.

[0061] In the NR 16th version of the wireless communication standard (Release 16, Rel-16), the two-step random access procedure 2-step RACH was introduced. The first step is that the UE sends message A (MsgA) to the network side. After receiving MsgA, the network side sends message B (MsgB) to the UE. If the UE does not receive MsgB within a certain period of time, the UE will increment the counter that counts the number of times MsgA has been sent and resend MsgA. If the counter that counts the number of times MsgA has been sent reaches a certain threshold, the UE will switch from the 2-step random access procedure to the 4-step random access procedure. MsgA includes the MsgA preamble part and the MsgA PUSCH part. The preamble part is sent on the RO used for 2-step RACH, and the PUSCH part is sent on the MsgA PUSCH resources associated with the sending of the MsgA preamble and the RO. MsgA PUSCH resources are a group of PUSCH resources configured relative to each PRACH slot, including time-frequency resources and demodulation reference signal (DMRS) resources.

[0062] 2. Uplink Power Control

[0063] In NR system design, new features are being considered for uplink transmission, such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)-based uplink transmission and a single-symbol uplink control channel. Uplink power control is also an important aspect, including the following:

[0064] There is no LTE-like cell-specific reference signal for path loss estimation;

[0065] Beam-based transmission / reception;

[0066] Analog beamforming at gNB / UE;

[0067] Multi-beam / multi-stream transmission;

[0068] Multiple subcarrier spacing parameters (numerology);

[0069] Information exchange between TRPs.

[0070] 3. Road Damage Compensation

[0071] Based on the uplink power control in current LTE systems, two path loss compensation methods are considered: full path loss compensation and partial path loss compensation. In NR systems, it can be considered that the UE measures the Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) using a specific type of RS. The UE then uses RSRP to derive the path loss between the UE and its associated gNB.

[0072] By taking into account the estimated path loss, the uplink transmission power from the UE is fully or partially compensated. First, full path loss compensation maximizes fairness for cell-edge UEs; in other words, the power received by the gNB from a cell-edge UE will be comparable to that received from a cell-center UE. On the other hand, if partial path loss compensation is used, the gNB-side received power from a cell-center UE will be significantly higher than that from a cell-edge UE. Compensating for the path loss of cell-edge UEs can be achieved by adjusting other power parameters or offsets so that the received power from cell-edge UEs can be appropriately controlled, while the power received from cell-center UEs may be redundant due to the already sufficient received power.

[0073] In the case of uplink data channel transmission, this redundant power can be used to improve spectral efficiency by applying a higher modulation and coding scheme (MCS) level. For example, a cell-center UE can use a smaller number of physical resource blocks (PRBs) for the same transport block (TB) size. On the other hand, in the case of uplink control channel transmission using a fixed amount of resources, it is unclear how redundant power can be used to improve spectral efficiency, since the uplink control information (UCI) size will not depend on the UE location or channel conditions. Therefore, it is better to consider full compensation of uplink control channel power control.

[0074] In addition, in the case of partial path loss compensation for uplink data channel transmission, the value of the partial path loss compensation factor can be used to adjust the received power difference between the cell center UE and the cell edge UE, and this value can be different according to the cell radius and target performance.

[0075] 4. Transmission Power Control (TPC) Command

[0076] TPC commands can be used to compensate for channel variations caused by fast fading. With respect to current LTE, the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) power can be adjusted by TPC commands signaled in the downlink allocation Downlink Control Information (DCI), while the PUSCH (or SRS) power can be adjusted by TPC commands signaled in the uplink grant DCI. In addition, for uplink transmissions without associated DCI, such as Semi-Persistent Scheduling (SPS), periodic Channel State Information (CSI), or SRS, TPC commands can be signaled to a specific UE group by using DCI format 3 / 3A. There are two types of TPC procedures for updating uplink transmit power; one is cumulative TPC and the other is absolute TPC. Cumulative TPC is well suited for fine-tuning UE transmit power by using a relatively small step size of TPC values. On the other hand, absolute TPC can be used to immediately increase UE transmit power by using a relatively large step size of TPC values.

[0077] 5. Additional Functions of Power Control in NR

[0078] In NR design, it is necessary to consider deployments based on analog (or hybrid) beamforming, especially for high-frequency bands (e.g., above 6 GHz). With such analog beamforming, gNB TX / RX beam scanning (e.g., TDM between different gNB TX / RX beams) may be required not only for transmitting downlink common signals and information, such as synchronization signals (e.g., Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) / Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS) in LTE) or broadcast system information (e.g., Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) in LTE), but also for the transmission of uplink and downlink control and data channels to serve UEs located in different areas (or beam directions). In this case, it may be necessary to consider differentiating the power control parameters between different beams for the UE, as the power required for UE performance will be different for each beam of the UE.

[0079] Typically, the amount of information transmitted through the uplink data channel will be much larger than that of the uplink control channel. Therefore, the power required for transmission of the uplink data channel will also be greater than that of the uplink control channel. For NR design, TDM is considered for the multiplexing structure between uplink data and control channels to reduce latency, flexible uplink and downlink configurations, and analog beamforming. In the case where uplink data and control channels are multiplexed via TDM, it is necessary to deal with the power imbalance between these two different channels, which may be larger than that of current LTE. In addition, considering the various OFDM numerologies used for NR (for example, different subcarrier spacing or symbol duration), it is also necessary to deal with the power transient periods between the uplink data and control channels for certain numerologies (such as large subcarrier spacing).

[0080] 6. Per-TRP and Per-Layer Power Control

[0081] For high frequency bands in NR, the number of primary rays per TRP or single panel may be limited, and in order to achieve high Single-User Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (SU MIMO) spectral efficiency, coordinated transmission schemes across multiple TRPs need to be thoroughly studied in NR, including Coordinated Multiple Points (CoMP) Dynamic Point Selection (DPS) and independent layer Joint Transmission (JT). When the downlink-related DCI indicates the transmission rank and the coordination scheme applied, the DCI decoding latency on the UE side may be a major issue whenever simulated beamforming is applied in a given time instance. This is because the DCI transmission can be performed by the serving TRP, but as an example, the actual data transmission can be performed by another TRP.

[0082] In the case of independent layer JT, where specific layers can be transmitted from different TRPs, the uplink transmit power corresponding to each layer group may need to be configured and controlled by the gNB, as at least the path loss from different TRPs may be different. In addition, separate uplink power control procedures for different TRPs require further study in the context of uplink CoMP.

[0083] 7. Preamble target receiving power

[0084] The target received power of the preamble (PREAMBLE_RECEIVED_TARGET_POWER) is calculated using the following formula:

[0085] preambleReceivedTargetPower+DELTA_PREAMBLE+(PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_COUNTER–1)×PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_STEP

[0086] Where preambleReceivedTargetPower is the initial preamble power that the gNB expects to receive; DELTA_PREAMBLE is related to the preamble format; PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_STEP is the transmit power increase at the next access after each access failure; PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_COUNTER is the number of transmit power increases.

[0087] The calculation formula of the actual transmission power of the preamble is as follows: PRACHb,,f,c (i) = min{P CMAX,f,c (i),P PRACHt,arget,f,c +PL b,f,c}

[0088] Among them, P CMAX,f,c (i) is the maximum transmission power configured for the UE on carrier f of serving cell C at transmission occasion i (the maximum transmission power of the UE is 23dBm); P PRACH，target，f,c is the PRACH target received power PREAMBLE_RECEIVED_TARGET_POWER on the activated UL BWP b of carrier f on serving cell C; PL b,f,c is the path loss of the activated UL BWP b of carrier f associated with the DL RS on the activated DL BWP of serving cell C, and PL b,f,c Equal to referenceSignalPower (in dB) - higher layer filtered RSRP (in dBm, RRC filtering).

[0089] If PL b,f,c Based on the DL BWP being the initial DL BWP and multiplexing mode 2 or 3 being used for the Synchronisation Signal Block (SSB) and Control Resource Set (CORESET), the UE determines the PL BWP based on the SSB associated with the PRACH transmission. b,f,c .

[0090] 8. PRACH Power Control

[0091] The UE's initial transmit power is primarily related to two factors: the base station's expected initial receive power (sensitivity) and the path loss (Path Loss) between the base station and the UE. The base station notifies the UE in advance of the initial receive power (preamble Initial Received Target Power in LTE, preamble Received Target Power parameter in NR) and the reference signal transmit power (reference signal power parameter in LTE, ss PBCH-Block Power (SSB) parameter and power control offset SS (for CSI-RS) parameter in NR). The UE, combined with the actual measured reference signal receive power, calculates the path loss (reference signal transmit power – reference signal receive power) and the initial transmit power (base station initial receive power + path loss).

[0092] In NR, since the Cell Reference Signal (CRS) is cancelled to reduce the always-on signal overhead, the reference signal measured by the UE is SSB or Channel-State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS). In LTE, the path loss is recorded as PL c In NR, due to the introduction of the concept of BWP (Bandwidth Part), the path loss is recorded as PL b,f,c , where b represents BWP, f represents carrier, and c represents cell.

[0093] In NR, the Msg1 power boost mechanism is similar to that of LTE, but with slight differences. In NR, the PRACH (Occasion) and SSB beam used by the UE to send Msg1 are associated. If the UE reselects RA resources and selects the same SSB beam or CSI-RS beam (and does not receive a power boost suspension notification from the underlying layer), the transmit power is increased only when the Msg1 is retransmitted. If the UE selects a different SSB beam or CSI-RS beam, the transmit power is temporarily not increased.

[0094] The PRACH pilot signal is configured with pPRACH,target, which has the same function as p0, and α is fixed to 1. If the PRACH transmitted according to this configuration does not receive RAR, the UE will perform power ramping until the power reaches P CMAX Or until PRACH receives RAR.

[0095] 9. Full Duplex Mode

[0096] In 5G mobile communication systems, full duplex technology has been enhanced to accommodate diverse scenarios and service requirements. Key 5G scenarios include enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable and low-latency communications (URLLC), and massive machine-type communications (mMTC). These scenarios place high demands on the system for reliability, low latency, high bandwidth, and wide coverage.

[0097] In NR, configuring full-duplex operation can significantly improve the latency and coverage performance of the Time Division Duplexing (TDD) system.

[0098] Subbands non-overlapping full duplex can improve transmission delay and enhance coverage.

[0099] For a downlink (DL) slot (configured by tdd-UL-DL-ConfigurationCommon or tdd-UL-DL-ConfigurationDedicated), the network configures the DL bandwidth part (BWP) for the UE. For an uplink (UL) slot, the network configures the UL BWP for the UE. For example, time slot 1 and time slot 4.

[0100] Referring to Figure 2a, for the full duplex scenario, there are the following cases:

[0101] Case 1: Configure DL BWP, i.e. slot 1;

[0102] Case 2: Configure DL BWP and UL sub-band (slot 2).

[0103] Referring to Figure 2b, for a UL slot (configured by tdd-UL-DL-ConfigurationCommon or tdd-UL-DL-ConfigurationDedicated), the following situations occur:

[0104] Case 3: Configure UL BWP, i.e. slot 4;

[0105] Case 4: Configure UL BWP and DL sub-band, namely slot 5.

[0106] For Seamless Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (SBFD) operation, an SBFD subband consists of one resource block (RB) or a set of consecutive RBs with the same transmission direction.

[0107] The time unit (e.g., slot or symbol) in which the gNB uses SBFD operation may be referred to as an SBFD time unit (e.g., slot or symbol).

[0108] As shown in Figure 2c, for Release 15 (Rel-15), the gNB and UE can only transmit or receive at a time. For Release 18 (Rel-18), full-duplex mode on the gNB side allows simultaneous transmission and reception, while the UE can only use half-duplex mode, meaning it can only transmit or receive at a time. For full-duplex mode on the UE side, both the gNB and UE can transmit and receive simultaneously.

[0109] For full-duplex at the UE side, a larger guard bandwidth (GB) (larger than the GB of the base station frequency division (FD)) may be required to suppress self-interference, see FIG2d .

[0110] For a communication device, simultaneous UL reception and DL transmission can cause self-interference. To ensure transmission in the interfered direction, the communication device needs to have self-interference cancellation capabilities, such as reserving a guard band between the receive and transmit bands. However, this reduces UE throughput.

[0111] In 5G and future 6G systems, both base stations and terminals may adopt full-duplex mode.

[0112] It should also be noted that the full-duplex mode, enhanced duplex, enhanced duplex mode, flexible duplex mode (flexibleduplex), enhanced full-duplex, enhanced full-duplex mode, full-duplex and sub-band full-duplex in the embodiments of the present application can represent the same concept.

[0113] The random access resources in the embodiment of the present application may include random access resources based on contention random access (Contention based RACH, CBRA) and random access resources based on non-contention random access (Contention free RACH, CFRA); or, may include random access resources corresponding to 4-step RACH, or random access resources corresponding to 2-step RACH.

[0114] The SSB to random access opportunity (RACH Occasion, RO) mapping in the embodiment of the present application can also refer to the association between the downlink signal and the uplink signal / resource in a general sense, for example, the relationship between the channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) and the RO.

[0115] In the embodiments of the present application, RO and Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) Occasion both refer to the time-frequency resources required for sending a PRACH sequence.

[0116] The SSB and SS / PBCH blocks in the embodiments of the present application may be used interchangeably or by other names, and may refer to any module containing at least part of a synchronization signal, a broadcast signal, or other downlink broadcast signal.

[0117] In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, according to the transmission situation of the terminal before the Nth random access message transmission, the following cases may be included:

[0118] Case 1: The terminal transmits the first random access message on the first type of random access resource during the 1st to N-1st random access message transmissions. The terminal also transmits the first random access message on the first type of random access resource during the Nth random access message transmission.

[0119] Case 2: The terminal transmits the first random access message on the second type of random access resources during the 1st to N-1st random access message transmissions. The terminal also transmits the first random access message on the second type of random access resources during the Nth random access message transmission.

[0120] Case 3: The terminal transmits the first random access message on the second type of random access resources during the 1st to N-1st random access message transmissions. The terminal transmits the first random access message on the first type of random access resources during the Nth random access message transmission.

[0121] Case 4: When the terminal transmits the first random access message for the 1st to N-1th random access message transmissions, the terminal transmits the first random access message on the first type of random access resources or the second type of random access resources. When the terminal transmits the random access message for the Nth time, the terminal may use the first type of random access resources or the second type of random access resources to transmit the first random access message; that is, there is no restriction on the resource type for random access message transmission.

[0122] Among them, the above-mentioned first type of random access resources and second type of random access resources can be random access resources corresponding to different duplex models. For example, the above-mentioned first type of random access resources can be random access resources corresponding to single-duplex mode, and the above-mentioned second type of random access resources can be random access resources corresponding to full-duplex mode.

[0123] The transmission method provided in the embodiments of the present application is described in detail below through some embodiments and their application scenarios in combination with the accompanying drawings.

[0124] Please refer to FIG3 , which is a flowchart of a transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application. The method can be executed by a terminal, as shown in FIG3 , and includes the following steps:

[0125] Step 301: The terminal determines a first uplink transmit power for an Nth random access message transmission according to a first parameter.

[0126] Step 302: The terminal transmits the Nth random access message according to the first uplink transmit power;

[0127] The first parameter includes a first power parameter corresponding to a first resource type, the first resource type is the type of random access resource for the Nth random access message transmission, the type of random access resource includes at least two types of random access resources, and the at least two types of random access resources are random access resources corresponding to at least two duplex models, respectively, and N is an integer greater than 1.

[0128] In this embodiment, the random access message may include but is not limited to msg1 (PRACH), msgA PRACH, or msgA PUSCH, etc.

[0129] Exemplarily, the at least two duplex modes may include at least two of the following:

[0130] Full-duplex mode: In full-duplex mode, the terminal supports signal transmission on both the downlink sub-band and the uplink sub-band;

[0131] a fully overlapping full-duplex mode, in which the terminal supports simultaneous signal transmission on at least partially overlapping downlink and uplink subbands;

[0132] a sub-band non-overlapping full-duplex mode, in which the terminal supports simultaneous signal transmission on non-overlapping downlink sub-bands and uplink sub-bands;

[0133] Half-duplex mode, in which the terminal does not support simultaneous signal reception and signal transmission;

[0134] a first duplex mode, in which the terminal supports signal reception on a downlink subband of an uplink time unit;

[0135] A second duplex mode, in which the terminal supports signal transmission on an uplink subband of a downlink time unit.

[0136] The above-mentioned at least two types of random access resources are random access resources corresponding to the above-mentioned at least two duplex models. For example, if the above-mentioned at least two duplex modes include full-duplex mode and single-duplex mode, then the above-mentioned at least two types of random access resources may include random access resources corresponding to the full-duplex mode and random access resources corresponding to the single-duplex mode; if the above-mentioned at least two duplex modes include fully overlapping full-duplex mode, sub-band non-overlapping full-duplex mode and single-duplex mode, then the above-mentioned at least two types of random access resources may include random access resources corresponding to the fully overlapping full-duplex mode, random access resources corresponding to the sub-band non-overlapping full-duplex mode and random access resources corresponding to the single-duplex mode.

[0137] The above-mentioned N is an integer greater than 1, that is, the above-mentioned N is greater than or equal to 2. The above-mentioned first resource type is the type of the random access resource transmitted for the Nth random access message. For example, if the type of the random access resource transmitted for the Nth random access message is the first type of random access resource, then the above-mentioned first resource type is the first type of random access resource; if the type of the random access resource transmitted for the Nth random access message is the second type of random access resource, then the above-mentioned first resource type is the second type of random access resource.

[0138] The first uplink transmit power may include, but is not limited to, at least one of a power boost parameter corresponding to the first resource type, a power offset value corresponding to the first resource type, and an uplink power control parameter corresponding to the first resource type. Exemplarily, the uplink power control parameter may include, but is not limited to, at least one of a target receive power, a maximum transmit power, and a path loss parameter.

[0139] The following examples illustrate the embodiments of the present application:

[0140] Case 1: The type of random access resource transmitted in the Nth random access message is the first type of random access resource.

[0141] In this case, the first uplink transmit power is determined based on at least one of the power boost parameter, power offset value and uplink power control parameter (for example, target receive power, maximum transmit power, path loss parameter) corresponding to the first type of random access resource.

[0142] Exemplarily, the first uplink transmit power can be calculated based on the following formula: P(N)=min(Pmax1,Ptarget1+PL1), or, P(N)=min(Pmax1,Ptarget1+PL1+delta1), or, P(N)=min(Pmax1,Ptarget 1+PL1+offset1); wherein, P(N) represents the first uplink transmit power, Pmax1 represents the maximum transmit power or the maximum transmit power corresponding to the first type of random access resource, Ptarget1 represents the target receive power corresponding to the first type of random access resource, PL1 represents the path loss parameter corresponding to the first type of random access resource, delta1 represents the power boost parameter corresponding to the first type of random access resource, and offset1 represents the power offset value corresponding to the first type of random access resource.

[0143] It can be understood that, when Pmax1 represents the maximum transmit power, the maximum transmit power can be applicable to different types of random access resources, that is, the maximum transmit power does not distinguish between types of random access resources.

[0144] Case 2: the type of random access resource transmitted for the Nth random access message is the second type of random access resource.

[0145] In this case, the first uplink transmit power is determined based on at least one of the power boost parameter, power offset value and uplink power control parameter (for example, target receive power, maximum transmit power, path loss parameter) corresponding to the second type of random access resources.

[0146] Exemplarily, the first uplink transmit power can be calculated based on the following formula: P(N) = min(Pmax2, Ptarget2 + PL2), or, P(N) = min(Pmax2, Ptarget2 + PL2 + delta2), or, P(N) = min(Pmax2, Ptarget 2 + PL2 + offset2); wherein, P(N) represents the first uplink transmit power, Pmax2 represents the maximum transmit power or the maximum transmit power corresponding to the second type of random access resource, Ptarget2 represents the target receive power corresponding to the second type of random access resource, PL2 represents the path loss parameter corresponding to the second type of random access resource, delta2 represents the power boost parameter corresponding to the second type of random access resource, and offset2 represents the power offset value corresponding to the second type of random access resource.

[0147] It can be understood that, when Pmax2 represents the maximum transmit power, the maximum transmit power can be applicable to different types of random access resources, that is, the maximum transmit power does not distinguish between types of random access resources.

[0148] Among them, the above-mentioned first type of random access resources can be random access resources corresponding to the first type of duplex mode, for example, the above-mentioned first type of random access resources are random access resources corresponding to the single-duplex mode; the above-mentioned second type of random access resources can be random access resources corresponding to the second type of duplex mode, for example, the above-mentioned second type of random access resources are random access resources corresponding to the full-duplex mode.

[0149] It can be understood that this embodiment is not limited to determining the first uplink transmit power of the Nth random access message transmission based only on the first power parameter corresponding to the first resource type. For example, the terminal can determine the first uplink transmit power based on the first power parameter corresponding to the first resource type and the uplink transmit power of the N-1th random access message transmission, or the terminal can determine the first uplink transmit power based on the first power parameter corresponding to the first resource type and the second power parameter corresponding to the type of random access resource of at least one random access message transmission before the Nth random access message transmission.

[0150] For example, when the network is configured with full-duplex mode resources and half-duplex mode resources, where both the full-duplex mode resources and the half-duplex mode resources are respectively configured with random access resources (for example, RO), if the terminal selects the RO under the half-duplex mode resources when performing the first random access message transmission, the transmission power at this time is P1; when the terminal performs the second random access message transmission, it selects the RO under the full-duplex mode resources. At this time, when the terminal determines the transmission power P2 of the second random access message transmission, it increases the power according to the transmission power of the previous transmission, such as P2 = P1 + power increase value. This may cause cross-link interference to other terminals in the network during the second random access message transmission. This is because the half-duplex mode does not need to consider the cross-link interference between terminals. Therefore, the random access message transmission power of the half-duplex mode can be higher than that of the full-duplex mode, which can easily cause increased interference in the second random access message transmission. In this embodiment, the uplink transmit power of the second random access message transmission is determined based on the power parameter corresponding to the type of random access resource selected during the second random access message transmission (i.e., the RO under the full-duplex mode resource). This is beneficial to ensuring that the determined uplink transmit power matches the full-duplex mode and reducing cross-link interference between terminals.

[0151] If, when transmitting a random access message for the first time, the terminal selects an RO in full-duplex mode, the transmit power is P1; and when transmitting a random access message for the second time, the terminal selects an RO in half-duplex mode, then, when determining the transmit power P2 for the second random access message transmission, the terminal uses the transmit power of the previous transmission and performs a power increase, such as P2 = P1 + the power increase value. This may result in a lower transmit power being used for the second random access message transmission, failing to meet the transmission performance requirements for random access messages in half-duplex mode. However, this embodiment determines the uplink transmit power for the second random access message transmission based on the power parameter corresponding to the type of random access resource selected for the second random access message transmission (i.e., an RO in single-duplex mode), which helps ensure that the determined uplink transmit power matches the single-duplex mode and guarantees the transmission performance of random access messages in half-duplex mode.

[0152] In an embodiment of the present application, a terminal determines a first uplink transmit power for an N-th random access message transmission based on a first parameter; the terminal performs the N-th random access message transmission based on the first uplink transmit power; wherein the first parameter includes a first power parameter corresponding to a first resource type, the first resource type is a type of random access resource for the N-th random access message transmission, the type of the random access resource includes at least two types of random access resources, and the at least two types of random access resources are random access resources corresponding to at least two duplex models, respectively. N is an integer greater than 1, that is, the embodiment of the present application determines the uplink transmit power of the current random access message transmission based on the power parameter corresponding to the type of random access resource selected for the current random access message transmission, which is conducive to ensuring that the determined uplink transmit power matches the current duplex mode, improving the accuracy of the determined uplink transmit power, and thereby improving transmission performance.

[0153] Optionally, the first power parameter includes at least one of the following:

[0154] a power boost parameter corresponding to the first resource type;

[0155] a power offset value corresponding to the first resource type;

[0156] An uplink power control parameter corresponding to the first resource type.

[0157] In this embodiment, the power boost parameter may include but is not limited to at least one of a power boost step size, a power boost counter, and a maximum number of power boost times.

[0158] Exemplarily, the terminal can receive a second parameter from a network side device, and the second parameter may include power parameters corresponding to at least two types of random access resources, wherein the power parameter corresponding to each type of random access resource may include at least one of a power boost parameter, a power offset value and an uplink power control parameter corresponding to the type of random access resource. In this way, after determining the resource type of the random access resource for the Nth random access message transmission, the uplink transmission power of the Nth random access message transmission can be determined based on the power parameter corresponding to the resource type.

[0159] Optionally, the uplink power control parameter corresponding to the first resource type includes at least one of the following: the target receiving power corresponding to the first resource type, the maximum transmitting power corresponding to the first resource type, and the path loss parameter corresponding to the first resource type.

[0160] The following examples illustrate this:

[0161] In implementation mode one, the terminal may determine a first uplink transmit power based on the target receive power, maximum transmit power, and path loss parameter corresponding to the first resource type, for example, P(N) = min(Pmax, Ptarget + PL), where P(N) represents the first uplink transmit power, Pmax represents the maximum transmit power corresponding to the first resource type, Ptarget represents the target receive power corresponding to the first resource type, and PL represents the path loss parameter corresponding to the first resource type. This implementation mode does not consider power boosting and only updates the uplink transmit power based on changes in the resource type. This not only ensures that the updated uplink transmit power matches the current duplex mode, but also simplifies implementation.

[0162] Implementation method 2: The terminal may determine the first uplink transmit power based on at least one of the target receive power, maximum transmit power, and path loss parameter corresponding to the first resource type, as well as a power boost parameter and a power offset value, for example, P(N) = min(Pmax, Ptarget+PL+delta), or P(N) = min(Pmax, Ptarget+PL+offset); where P(N) represents the first uplink transmit power, Pmax represents the maximum transmit power corresponding to the first resource type, Ptarget represents the target receive power corresponding to the first resource type, PL represents the path loss parameter corresponding to the first resource type, delta represents the power boost parameter corresponding to the first resource type, and offset represents the power offset value corresponding to the first resource type. This implementation method comprehensively considers changes in power boost and resource type to update the transmit power. This not only ensures that the updated uplink transmit power matches the current duplex mode, but also helps ensure the reliability of random access message retransmission.

[0163] For example, referring to Figure 4a, the terminal uses the second type of random access resources to transmit the random access message (msg1) during the 1st to 3rd random access message transmissions, and uses the first type of random access resources to transmit the fourth random access message. The uplink transmit power P(4) of the fourth random access message transmission is determined based on the target receive power Ptarget1 and the path loss estimation parameter PL1 corresponding to the first type of random access resources, as well as the power boost parameter (for example, the power boost step) corresponding to the first type of random access resources, where P(4) = min(Pmax1, Ptarget1+PL1+delta1).

[0164] Optionally, the type of the random access resource includes a first type of random access resource and a second type of random access resource, the first type of random access resource is a random access resource corresponding to a half-duplex mode, and the second type of random access resource is a random access resource corresponding to a full-duplex mode.

[0165] In this embodiment, the first type of random access resources are random access resources corresponding to half-duplex mode, which can be understood as random access resources for transmitting random access messages in half-duplex mode. Exemplarily, the first type of random access resources may include, but are not limited to, at least one of random access resources located in a time domain resource with a UL time domain format and random access resources located in a time domain resource with a flexible time domain format.

[0166] In some optional embodiments, the first type of random access resources may include at least two sub-types of random access resources. Different sub-types of random access resources may correspond to different types of half-duplex modes. For example, the first sub-type of random access resources corresponds to the first type of half-duplex mode, and the second sub-type of random access resources corresponds to the second type of half-duplex mode. Accordingly, corresponding power parameters may be configured for each sub-type of random access resource.

[0167] The second type of random access resources are random access resources corresponding to full-duplex mode, which can be understood as random access resources for transmitting random access messages in full-duplex mode. Exemplarily, the second type of random access resources may include, but are not limited to, random access resources located on time domain resources having a time domain format of X, where the time domain format X may represent a time domain format for full-duplex transmission, i.e., including DL transmission and UL transmission in a downlink subband (DL subband) and an uplink subband (UL subband), respectively.

[0168] In some optional embodiments, the second type of random access resources may include at least two subtypes of random access resources, and different subtypes of random access resources may correspond to different types of full-duplex modes. For example, the third subtype of random access resources corresponds to the first type of full-duplex mode, and the fourth subtype of random access resources corresponds to the second type of full-duplex mode. Accordingly, corresponding power parameters may be configured for each subtype of random access resource.

[0169] Optionally, the first parameter further includes at least one of the following: a second uplink transmit power, a second power parameter corresponding to the second resource type, a second power parameter corresponding to the first type of random access resources, a second power parameter corresponding to the second type of random access resources, a first number, a second number, a third number, and a fourth number;

[0170] The second uplink transmit power is the uplink transmit power of the N-1th random access message transmission, the second resource type includes the type of random access resources of at least one random access message transmission before the Nth random access message transmission, the first number is N-1, the second number is the number of times the resource type of the random access resource in the N-1 random access message transmission is the first resource type, the third number is the number of times the resource type of the random access resource in the N-1 random access message transmission is the first type of random access resource, and the fourth number is the number of times the resource type of the random access resource in the N-1 random access message transmission is the second type of random access resource.

[0171] In this embodiment, the second resource type includes the type of random access resources of at least one random access message transmission before the Nth random access message transmission. For example, if the type of random access resources of at least one random access message transmission before the Nth random access message transmission includes first-type random access resources, the second power parameter corresponding to the second resource type may include the second power parameter corresponding to the first-type random access resources; if the type of random access resources of at least one random access message transmission before the Nth random access message transmission includes second-type random access resources, the second power parameter corresponding to the second resource type may include the second power parameter corresponding to the second-type random access resources; if the type of random access resources of at least one random access message transmission before the Nth random access message transmission includes first-type random access resources and second-type random access resources, the second power parameter corresponding to the second resource type may include the second power parameter corresponding to the first-type random access resources and the second power parameter corresponding to the second-type random access resources.

[0172] The second power parameter may include but is not limited to at least one of a power boost parameter and a power offset value.

[0173] The above-mentioned first number can represent the number of power increases, or the number of random access message retransmissions, or the number of random access message transmissions minus 1, or the number of transmissions between the second random access message transmission and the Nth random access message transmission, where the first number is N-1.

[0174] The N-1 random access message transmissions may be from the second random access message transmission to the Nth random access message transmission, or the N-1 random access message transmissions may be called N-1 random access message retransmissions.

[0175] The above-mentioned second number is the number of times that the resource type of the random access resource in the above-mentioned N-1 random access message transmissions is the first resource type. For example, if the above-mentioned N-1 random access message transmissions include M1 random access message transmissions on the first type of random access resources and M2 random access message transmissions on the second type of random access resources, M1+M2=N-1, then if the type of random access resources of the N-th random access message transmission is the first type of random access resources, then the above-mentioned second number is M1; if the type of random access resources of the N-th random access message transmission is the second type of random access resources, then the above-mentioned second number is M2.

[0176] The third number is the number of times the resource type of the random access resource in the N-1 random access message transmissions is the first type of random access resource. For example, if the N-1 random access message transmissions include M1 random access message transmissions on the first type of random access resources and M2 random access message transmissions on the second type of random access resources, M1>=0, M2>=0, M1+M2=N-1, then the third number is M1.

[0177] The above-mentioned fourth number is the number of times that the resource type of the random access resource in the N-1 random access message transmissions is the second type of random access resource. For example, if the above-mentioned N-1 random access message transmissions include M1 random access message transmissions on the first type of random access resources and M2 random access message transmissions on the second type of random access resources, M1>=0, M2>=0, M1+M2=N-1, then the above-mentioned fourth number is M2.

[0178] Optionally, the first uplink transmit power is determined according to at least one of a power boost parameter corresponding to the first resource type and a power offset value corresponding to the first resource type, and the second uplink transmit power.

[0179] Exemplarily, the terminal may determine the second uplink transmit power according to the following formula:

[0180] P(N)=P(N-1)+delta, or P(N)=P(N-1)+offset;

[0181] Among them, P(N) represents the first uplink transmit power, P(N-1) represents the second uplink transmit power, delta represents the power increase parameter corresponding to the first resource type, and offset represents the power offset value corresponding to the first resource type.

[0182] For example, referring to Figure 4b, when the terminal transmits the first random access message (msg1) using the first type of random access resources during the 1st to 3rd random access message transmissions, and transmits the fourth random access message using the second type of random access resources, the uplink transmit power P(4) of the fourth random access message transmission is determined based on the uplink transmit power P(3) of the third random access message transmission and the power boost parameter (for example, power boost step) corresponding to the second type of random access resources, where P(4) = P(3) + delta2, where delta2 is the power boost parameter corresponding to the second type of random access resources.

[0183] For another example, referring to Figure 4c, when the terminal transmits the first random access message for the 1st to 3rd time, it uses the second type of random access resources to transmit the first random access message (msg1), and transmits the fourth random access message on the first type of random access resources. According to the uplink transmit power P(3) of the third random access message transmission and the power boost parameter (for example, power boost step) corresponding to the first type of random access resource, the uplink transmit power P(4) of the fourth random access message transmission is determined, where P(4) = P(3) + delta1, and delta1 is the power boost parameter corresponding to the first type of random access resource.

[0184] In this embodiment, a first uplink transmit power is determined based on the uplink transmit power of the N-1th random access message transmission and a power boost parameter or a power offset value corresponding to the type of the random access message of the Nth random access message transmission. That is, the uplink transmit power of the previous random access message transmission is adjusted based on the power boost value or the power offset value corresponding to the type of the random access resource of the current random access message transmission to obtain the uplink transmit power of the current random access message transmission. Since the uplink transmit power is updated by comprehensively considering the changes in the uplink transmit power and resource type of the previous random access message transmission, this not only helps to ensure that the obtained uplink transmit power matches the current duplex mode, but also helps to ensure the reliability of random access message retransmission.

[0185] Optionally, the first uplink transmit power is determined according to an uplink power control parameter corresponding to the first resource type, the first number of times, a second power parameter corresponding to the first type of random access resources, and a second power parameter corresponding to the second type of random access resources.

[0186] Exemplarily, the terminal may determine the second uplink transmit power according to the following formula: P(N)=min(Pmax,Ptarget+PL+delta_all1+offset_all); delta_all1=(N-1)*delta; Offset_all=(N-1)*|delta2-delta1|;

[0187] Wherein, P(N) represents the first uplink transmit power, Pmax represents the maximum transmit power corresponding to the first resource type, Ptarget represents the target receive power corresponding to the first resource type, PL represents the path loss parameter corresponding to the first resource type, N-1 represents the first number of times, delta represents the power boost parameter corresponding to the first resource type, delta1 represents the power boost parameter corresponding to the first type of random access resource, and delta2 represents the power boost parameter corresponding to the second type of random access resource. It can be understood that when the first resource type is a first type of random access resource, the above delta is delta1, and when the first resource type is a second type of random access resource, the above delta is delta2.

[0188] For example, when the first type of random access resource is used for the Nth random access message transmission, P(N)=min(Pmax1,Ptarget1+PL1+delta_all1+offset_all); delta_all1=(N-1)*delta1; Offset_all=(N-1)*|delta2-delta1|; wherein P(N) represents the first uplink transmit power, Pmax1 represents the maximum transmit power corresponding to the first type of random access resource, Ptarget1 represents the target receive power corresponding to the first type of random access resource, PL1 represents the path loss parameter corresponding to the first type of random access resource, delta1 represents the power boost parameter corresponding to the first type of random access resource, and delta2 represents the power boost parameter corresponding to the second type of random access resource;

[0189] When the second type of random access resources are used for the Nth random access message transmission, P(N) = min(Pmax2, Ptarget2+PL2+delta_all1+offset_all); delta_all1 = (N-1)*delta2; Offset_all = (N-1)*|delta1-delta2|; wherein P(N) represents the second uplink transmit power, Pmax2 represents the maximum transmit power corresponding to the second type of random access resources, Ptarget2 represents the target receive power corresponding to the second type of random access resources, PL2 represents the path loss parameter corresponding to the second type of random access resources, delta1 represents the power boost parameter corresponding to the first type of random access resources, and delta2 represents the power boost parameter corresponding to the second type of random access resources.

[0190] For example, referring to Figure 4d, when the terminal transmits the first random access message for the first to third times, the terminal uses the second type of random access resources to transmit the first random access message (msg1), and transmits the fourth random access message on the first type of random access resources. Then, based on the target received power Ptarget1 and the path loss estimation parameter PL1 corresponding to the first type of random access resources, as well as the power boost parameter (for example, the power boost step) corresponding to the type of random access resource during the first to third random access message transmissions, and the difference between the power boost values ​​for the transmission of the first type of random access resources and the transmission of the second type of random access resources, the uplink transmit power P(4) for the fourth random access message transmission is determined, where P(4) = min(Pmax1, Ptarget1+PL1+delta1*3+3*|delta2-delta1|), delta1 represents the power boost parameter corresponding to the first type of random access resources, and delta2 represents the power boost parameter corresponding to the second type of random access resources.

[0191] In this embodiment, the uplink transmit power of the current random access message transmission is determined based on the power parameters (target receive power and power boost) corresponding to the type of random access resource selected for the current random access message transmission and the number of random access transmissions that have been performed. This helps to ensure that the determined uplink transmit power matches the current duplex mode, improves the accuracy of the determined uplink transmit power, and thus improves transmission performance.

[0192] Optionally, the first uplink transmit power is determined based on at least one of a power boost parameter corresponding to the first resource type and a power offset value corresponding to the first resource type, an uplink power control parameter corresponding to the first resource type, and the second number of times.

[0193] Exemplarily, the terminal may determine the first uplink transmit power based on the following formula: P(N)=min(Pmax,Ptarget+PL+delta_all2); Delta_all2=M3*delta;

[0194] Among them, P(N) represents the first uplink transmit power, Pmax represents the maximum transmit power corresponding to the first resource type, Ptarget represents the target receive power corresponding to the first resource type, PL represents the path loss parameter corresponding to the first resource type, delta represents the power boost parameter corresponding to the first resource type, and M3 represents the second number of times.

[0195] For example, when the first type of random access resource is used for the Nth random access message transmission, the first uplink transmit power is: P(n)=min(Pmax1,Ptarget1+PL1+delta1_all2), Delta1_all2=M3*delta1; wherein P(N) represents the first uplink transmit power, Pmax1 represents the maximum transmit power corresponding to the first type of random access resource, Ptarget1 represents the target receive power corresponding to the first type of random access resource, PL1 represents the path loss parameter corresponding to the first type of random access resource, delta1 represents the power boost parameter corresponding to the first type of random access resource, and M3 represents the number of times the first type of random access resource is used in the second to Nth random access message transmissions;

[0196] When the second type of random access resources are used for the Nth random access message transmission, the first uplink transmit power is: P(n)=min(Pmax2,Ptarget2+PL2+delta2_all2), Delta2_all2=M3*delta2; wherein P(N) represents the first uplink transmit power, Pmax2 represents the maximum transmit power corresponding to the second type of random access resources, Ptarget2 represents the target receive power corresponding to the second type of random access resources, PL2 represents the path loss parameter corresponding to the second type of random access resources, delta2 represents the power boost parameter corresponding to the second type of random access resources, and M3 represents the number of times the second type of random access resources are used in the second to Nth random access message transmissions.

[0197] For example, referring to Figure 4e, when the terminal transmits the first random access message for the first to second time, it uses the second type of random access resources to transmit the first random access message (msg1), transmits the third random access message on the first type of random access resources, and transmits the fourth random access message on the second type of random access resources. Then, based on the target receiving power Ptarget2 and the path loss estimation parameter PL2 corresponding to the second random access resource, and the power boost parameter (for example, the power boost step) corresponding to the random access resource during the first to third random access message transmissions, the uplink transmit power P(4) of the fourth random access message transmission is determined, where P(4) = min(Pmax2, Ptarget2+PL2+delta2*2).

[0198] In this embodiment, the uplink transmit power of the current random access message transmission is determined based on the power parameters (target receive power and power boost) corresponding to the type of random access resource selected for the current random access message transmission and the number of random access transmissions that have been performed and that correspond to the type of random access resource selected for the current random access message transmission. This helps ensure that the determined uplink transmit power matches the current duplex mode, improves the accuracy of the determined uplink transmit power, and thereby improves transmission performance.

[0199] Optionally, the first uplink transmit power is determined based on the uplink power control parameter corresponding to the first resource type, the second power parameter corresponding to the first type of random access resources, the second power parameter corresponding to the second type of random access resources, the third number and the fourth number.

[0200] Exemplarily, the terminal may calculate the first uplink transmit power using the following formula: P(N)=min(Pmax,Ptarget+PL+delta_all3); delta_all3=delta1*M1+delta2*M2;

[0201] Among them, P(N) represents the first uplink transmit power, Pmax represents the maximum transmit power corresponding to the first resource type, Ptarget represents the target receive power corresponding to the first resource type, PL represents the path loss parameter corresponding to the first resource type, delta1 represents the power boost parameter corresponding to the first type of random access resource, delta2 represents the power boost parameter corresponding to the second type of random access resource, M1 represents the third number, and M2 represents the fourth number, that is, the number of times the first type of random access resources are used for transmission from the 2nd to the Nth random access message transmission is M1, and the number of times the second type of random access resources are used for transmission is M2.

[0202] For example, when the first type of random access resource is used for the Nth random access message transmission, the first uplink transmit power is: P(N)=min(Pmax1,Ptarget1+PL1+delta_all3);delta_all3=delta1*M1+delta2*M2; wherein P(N) represents the first uplink transmit power, Pmax1 represents the maximum transmit power corresponding to the first type of random access resource, Ptarget1 represents the target receive power corresponding to the first type of random access resource, PL1 represents the path loss parameter corresponding to the first type of random access resource, delta1 represents the power boost parameter corresponding to the first type of random access resource, delta2 represents the power boost parameter corresponding to the second type of random access resource, M1 represents the third number, and M2 represents the fourth number;

[0203] When the second type of random access resources are used for the Nth random access message transmission, the first uplink transmit power is: P(N)=min(Pmax2,Ptarget2+PL2+delta_all3); delta_all3=delta1*M1+delta2*M2; wherein P(N) represents the first uplink transmit power, Pmax2 represents the maximum transmit power corresponding to the second type of random access resources, Ptarget2 represents the target receive power corresponding to the second type of random access resources, PL2 represents the path loss parameter corresponding to the second type of random access resources, delta1 represents the power boost parameter corresponding to the first type of random access resources, delta2 represents the power boost parameter corresponding to the second type of random access resources, M1 represents the third number, and M2 represents the fourth number.

[0204] For example, referring to Figure 4f, when the terminal transmits the first random access message (msg1) using the first type of random access resources during the 1st to 3rd random access message transmissions, and the terminal transmits the fourth random access message using the second type of random access resources, the uplink transmit power P(4) of the fourth random access message transmission is determined based on the target receive power Ptarget2 and the path loss estimation parameter PL2 corresponding to the second type of random access resources, and the power boost parameter (for example, the power boost step) corresponding to the random access resources during the 1st to 3rd random access message transmissions, where P(4) = min(Pmax2, Ptarget2+PL2+delta2+delta1*2), delta1 represents the power boost parameter corresponding to the first type of random access resources, and delta2 represents the power boost parameter corresponding to the second type of random access resources.

[0205] For another example, referring to Figure 4g, the terminal uses the second type of random access resources to transmit the first random access message (msg1) during the 1st to 3rd random access message transmissions, and transmits the 4th random access message on the first type of random access resources. Then, based on the target receiving power Ptarget1 and the path loss estimation parameter PL1 corresponding to the first type of random access resources, and the power boost parameter (for example, the power boost step) corresponding to the random access resources during the 1st to 3rd random access message transmissions, the uplink transmit power P(4) of the 4th random access message transmission is determined, P(4) = min(Pmax1, Ptarget1+PL1+delta1+delta2*2).

[0206] In this embodiment, the uplink transmit power of the current random access message transmission is determined by comprehensively considering the power parameters corresponding to different resource types based on the power parameter (target receive power) corresponding to the type of random access resource selected for the current random access message transmission and the power boost parameter corresponding to the type of random access resource selected for each previous random access transmission. This helps to ensure that the determined uplink transmit power matches the current duplex mode, improve the accuracy of the determined uplink transmit power, and thereby improve transmission performance.

[0207] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0208] The terminal determines, based on at least one of the following items, a random access resource for transmitting the Nth random access message:

[0209] The synchronization signal block (SSB) associated with the random access resource or the reference signal received power (RSRP) corresponding to the SSB associated with the random access resource;

[0210] Indication information sent by the network side device, where the indication information is used to indicate the type of random access resource;

[0211] capability information of the terminal, where the capability information of the terminal is used to indicate a duplex mode supported by the terminal;

[0212] A third resource type, where the third resource type is a type of random access resource of at least one random access message transmission before the Nth random access message transmission.

[0213] Exemplarily, different types of random access resources may correspond to different SSBs, or different types of random access resources may correspond to different SSB-based RSRPs (i.e., SSB-RSRPs). For example, different types of random access resources may correspond to different SSB-RSRPs when associated with the same SSB, so that the type of the associated random access resource can be determined based on the SSB or SSB-RSRP.

[0214] The above-mentioned indication information is used to indicate the type of random access resource. For example, the above-mentioned indication information may indicate the type of random access resource that the terminal prefers to select. If the above-mentioned indication information indicates the first type of random access resource, the terminal prefers to select the first type of random access resource for the Nth random access message transmission. If the above-mentioned indication information indicates the second type of random access resource, the terminal prefers to select the second type of random access resource for the Nth random access message transmission.

[0215] The capability information of the terminal is used to indicate the duplex mode supported by the terminal. For example, if the terminal supports the full-duplex mode, the terminal may preferentially select the second type of random access resources.

[0216] Exemplarily, the duplex mode of this embodiment may include at least one of the following:

[0217] Full-duplex mode: In full-duplex mode, the terminal supports signal transmission on both the downlink sub-band and the uplink sub-band;

[0218] a fully overlapping full-duplex mode, in which the terminal supports simultaneous signal transmission on at least partially overlapping downlink and uplink subbands;

[0219] a sub-band non-overlapping full-duplex mode, in which the terminal supports simultaneous signal transmission on non-overlapping downlink sub-bands and uplink sub-bands;

[0220] Half-duplex mode, in which the terminal does not support simultaneous signal reception and signal transmission;

[0221] a first duplex mode, in which the terminal supports signal reception on a downlink subband of an uplink time unit;

[0222] A second duplex mode, in which the terminal supports signal transmission on an uplink subband of a downlink time unit.

[0223] The above-mentioned third resource type is the type of random access resource of at least one random access message transmission before the Nth random access message transmission. For example, the above-mentioned third resource type may be the type of the N-1th random access message transmission, or the above-mentioned third resource type may be the type of random access resource used the most times in at least one random access message transmission before the Nth random access message transmission.

[0224] Exemplarily, if the third resource type is the random access resource corresponding to the full-duplex mode, the random access resource for the terminal to transmit the Nth random access message may be the random access resource corresponding to the full-duplex mode; if the third resource type is the random access resource corresponding to the half-duplex mode, the random access resource for the terminal to transmit the Nth random access message is the random access resource corresponding to the half-duplex mode; if the third resource type is the random access resource corresponding to the full-duplex mode, the random access resource for the terminal to transmit the Nth random access message is the random access resource corresponding to the half-duplex mode.

[0225] Optionally, the type of the random access resource for the Nth random access message transmission is the same as the third resource type;

[0226] or,

[0227] The type of the random access resource transmitted for the Nth random access message is different from the third resource type.

[0228] In one embodiment, the type of the random access resource for the Nth random access message transmission is the same as the third resource type, that is, this embodiment may not allow the resource type to change in multiple random access message transmissions.

[0229] In another embodiment, the type of the random access resource of the Nth random access message transmission is different from the third resource type, that is, this embodiment may allow the resource type to change in multiple random access message transmissions.

[0230] Optionally, the first type of random access resource includes at least one of the following:

[0231] A first sub-category random access resource, where the first sub-category random access resource is used to represent a random access message resource located on a time domain resource having a first time domain format;

[0232] A second subclass random access resource, where the second subclass random access resource is used to represent a random access message resource located on a time domain resource having a second time domain format, and a time interval between the random access message resource and the SSB is greater than or equal to a first preset value;

[0233] The first time domain format is a time domain format for uplink transmission only, and the second time domain format is a time domain format for flexible transmission.

[0234] In this embodiment, the time domain resources may include at least one time slot, symbol, subframe, etc. The first time domain format is a time domain format for uplink (UL) transmission only, that is, the transmission direction of the time domain resources of the first time domain format is only uplink transmission. The first time domain format may also be referred to as a UL time domain format. The second time domain format is a time domain format for flexible transmission, that is, the transmission mode of the time domain resources of the second time domain format may be uplink transmission or downlink transmission. The second time domain format may also be referred to as a flexible time domain format. The first preset value may be predefined by a protocol or configured by a network-side device.

[0235] The second type of random access resources may be used to represent random access message resources located on time domain resources whose time domain format is the third time domain format.

[0236] Optionally, the second type of random access resource includes at least one of the following:

[0237] A third sub-category random access resource, where the third sub-category random access resource is used to represent a random access message resource located on a time domain resource having a third time domain format, and the random access message resource does not overlap with a time domain resource of a target signal;

[0238] A fourth subcategory of random access resources, where the fourth subcategory of random access resources is used to represent random access message resources located on time domain resources having a time domain format of the third time domain format, and the random access message resources overlap with time domain resources of a target signal;

[0239] A fifth subcategory of random access resources, wherein the fifth subcategory of random access resources is used to represent a random access message resource located on a time domain resource having a time domain format of the third time domain format, and a time interval between the random access message resource and the time domain resource of the target signal is greater than a second preset value;

[0240] The third time domain format is a time domain format for full-duplex transmission, and the target signal includes a downlink public signal or a downlink broadcast signal.

[0241] In this embodiment, the third time domain format is a time domain format for subband full-duplex transmission. That is, the transmission direction of the time domain resources of the second time domain format includes uplink and downlink transmission. For example, the DL subband and UL subband include DL transmission and UL transmission, respectively. The third time domain format may also be referred to as the X time domain format.

[0242] Exemplarily, the time domain format or time domain type may be configured (XDD configuration) or indicated (XDD indication) by a full-duplex sub-band (Cross Division Duplex, XDD), including:

[0243] The time domain format indicated by TDD-UL-DL-Configuration, such as DL, UL, Flexible;

[0244] The time domain type indicated by xdd-UL-DL-Configuration, such as Full DL, Full UL, SBFD X;

[0245] Frequency format of the full-duplex subband configuration indication, such as DL subband, UL subband, Guard band, DL BWP, and UL BWP.

[0246] The time domain format DL is a time domain format for downlink (DL) transmission only, that is, the transmission direction of the time domain resources of the time domain format DL is only downlink transmission.

[0247] The target signal includes a downlink common signal or a downlink broadcast signal, such as an SSB, a system information block (SIB), a master information block (MIB), or a paging signal.

[0248] The second preset value may be predefined by a protocol or configured by a network-side device.

[0249] Please refer to FIG5 , which is a flowchart of a transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application. The method can be performed by a network-side device, as shown in FIG5 , including the following steps:

[0250] Step 501: The network side device sends a second parameter to the terminal;

[0251] The second parameter includes power parameters corresponding to at least two types of random access resources, and the at least two types of random access resources are random access resources corresponding to at least two duplex models.

[0252] Optionally, the second parameter includes a power parameter corresponding to a first type of random access resource and a power parameter corresponding to a second type of random access resource, the first type of random access resource is a random access resource corresponding to a half-duplex mode, and the second type of random access resource is a random access resource corresponding to a full-duplex mode.

[0253] Optionally, the power parameter corresponding to the first type of random access resource includes at least one of the following:

[0254] a power boost parameter corresponding to the first type of random access resources;

[0255] A power offset value corresponding to the first type of random access resource;

[0256] an uplink power control parameter corresponding to the first type of random access resources;

[0257] or,

[0258] The power parameter corresponding to the second type of random access resource includes at least one of the following:

[0259] a power boost parameter corresponding to the second type of random access resources;

[0260] a power offset value corresponding to the second type of random access resources;

[0261] The uplink power control parameter corresponding to the second type of random access resources.

[0262] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0263] The network-side device determines, based on at least one of the following, a random access resource for the terminal to perform an Nth random access message transmission:

[0264] The synchronization signal block SSB associated with the random access resource or the reference signal received power RSRP corresponding to the SSB associated with the random access resource;

[0265] Indication information sent by the network side device, where the indication information is used to indicate a type of random access resource;

[0266] capability information of the terminal, where the capability information of the terminal is used to indicate a duplex mode supported by the terminal;

[0267] a third resource type, where the third resource type is a type of random access resource used by the terminal for at least one random access message transmission before the terminal performs the Nth random access message transmission;

[0268] Wherein, N is an integer greater than 1.

[0269] Optionally, the type of the random access resource for the Nth random access message transmission is the same as the third resource type;

[0270] or,

[0271] The type of the random access resource transmitted for the Nth random access message is different from the third resource type.

[0272] It should be noted that the implementation of this embodiment can refer to the relevant description of the embodiment shown in Figure 3, and will not be repeated here.

[0273] It should be noted that the transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present application can be executed by a transmission device, or a control module in the transmission device for executing the transmission method. In the embodiment of the present application, the transmission device provided in the embodiment of the present application is described by taking the transmission method executed by the transmission device as an example.

[0274] Please refer to FIG6 , which is a structural diagram of a transmission device provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG6 , the transmission device 600 includes:

[0275] A first determining module 601 is configured to determine a first uplink transmit power for an N-th random access message transmission according to a first parameter;

[0276] A transmission module 602 is configured to perform the Nth random access message transmission according to the first uplink transmit power;

[0277] The first parameter includes a first power parameter corresponding to a first resource type, the first resource type is the type of random access resource for the Nth random access message transmission, the type of random access resource includes at least two types of random access resources, and the at least two types of random access resources are random access resources corresponding to at least two duplex models, respectively, and N is an integer greater than 1.

[0278] Optionally, the first power parameter includes at least one of the following:

[0279] a power boost parameter corresponding to the first resource type;

[0280] a power offset value corresponding to the first resource type;

[0281] An uplink power control parameter corresponding to the first resource type.

[0282] Optionally, the uplink power control parameter corresponding to the first resource type includes at least one of the following: the target receiving power corresponding to the first resource type, the maximum transmitting power corresponding to the first resource type, and the path loss parameter corresponding to the first resource type.

[0283] Optionally, the type of the random access resource includes a first type of random access resource and a second type of random access resource, the first type of random access resource is a random access resource corresponding to a half-duplex mode, and the second type of random access resource is a random access resource corresponding to a full-duplex mode.

[0284] Optionally, the first parameter further includes at least one of the following: a second uplink transmit power, a second power parameter corresponding to the second resource type, a second power parameter corresponding to the first type of random access resource, a second power parameter corresponding to the second type of random access resource, a first number, a second number, a third number, and a fourth number;

[0285] The second uplink transmit power is the uplink transmit power of the N-1th random access message transmission, the second resource type includes the type of random access resources of at least one random access message transmission before the Nth random access message transmission, the first number is N-1, the second number is the number of times the resource type of the random access resource in the N-1 random access message transmission is the first resource type, the third number is the number of times the resource type of the random access resource in the N-1 random access message transmission is the first type of random access resource, and the fourth number is the number of times the resource type of the random access resource in the N-1 random access message transmission is the second type of random access resource.

[0286] Optionally, the N-1 random access message transmission includes the second random access message transmission to the Nth random access message transmission.

[0287] Optionally, the second power parameter includes at least one of the following: a power boost parameter, a power offset value.

[0288] Optionally, the first uplink transmit power is determined according to at least one of a power boost parameter corresponding to the first resource type and a power offset value corresponding to the first resource type, and the second uplink transmit power.

[0289] Optionally, the first uplink transmit power is determined according to an uplink power control parameter corresponding to the first resource type, the first number of times, a second power parameter corresponding to the first type of random access resources, and a second power parameter corresponding to the second type of random access resources.

[0290] Optionally, the first uplink transmit power is determined based on at least one of a power boost parameter corresponding to the first resource type and a power offset value corresponding to the first resource type, an uplink power control parameter corresponding to the first resource type, and the second number of times.

[0291] Optionally, the first uplink transmit power is determined based on the uplink power control parameter corresponding to the first resource type, the second power parameter corresponding to the first type of random access resources, the second power parameter corresponding to the second type of random access resources, the third number and the fourth number.

[0292] Optionally, the device further comprises:

[0293] A second determining module is configured to determine the random access resource for the Nth random access message transmission based on at least one of the following:

[0294] The synchronization signal block SSB associated with the random access resource or the reference signal received power RSRP corresponding to the SSB associated with the random access resource;

[0295] Indication information sent by the network side device, where the indication information is used to indicate the type of random access resource;

[0296] capability information of the terminal, where the capability information of the terminal is used to indicate a duplex mode supported by the terminal;

[0297] A third resource type, where the third resource type is a type of random access resource of at least one random access message transmission before the Nth random access message transmission.

[0298] Optionally, the type of the random access resource for the Nth random access message transmission is the same as the third resource type;

[0299] or,

[0300] The type of the random access resource transmitted for the Nth random access message is different from the third resource type.

[0301] Optionally, the first type of random access resource includes at least one of the following:

[0302] A first sub-category random access resource, where the first sub-category random access resource is used to represent a random access message resource located on a time domain resource having a first time domain format;

[0303] A second subclass random access resource, where the second subclass random access resource is used to represent a random access message resource located on a time domain resource having a second time domain format, and a time interval between the random access message resource and the SSB is greater than or equal to a first preset value;

[0304] The first time domain format is a time domain format for uplink transmission only, and the second time domain format is a time domain format for flexible transmission.

[0305] Optionally, the second type of random access resource includes at least one of the following:

[0306] A third sub-category random access resource, where the third sub-category random access resource is used to represent a random access message resource located on a time domain resource having a third time domain format, and the random access message resource does not overlap with a time domain resource of a target signal;

[0307] A fourth subcategory of random access resources, where the fourth subcategory of random access resources is used to represent random access message resources located on time domain resources having a time domain format of the third time domain format, and the random access message resources overlap with time domain resources of a target signal;

[0308] A fifth subcategory of random access resources, wherein the fifth subcategory of random access resources is used to represent a random access message resource located on a time domain resource having a time domain format of the third time domain format, and a time interval between the random access message resource and the time domain resource of the target signal is greater than a second preset value;

[0309] The third time domain format is a time domain format for full-duplex transmission, and the target signal includes a downlink public signal or a downlink broadcast signal.

[0310] The transmission device in the embodiments of the present application can be an electronic device, such as an electronic device with an operating system, or a component in an electronic device, such as an integrated circuit or chip. The electronic device can be a terminal, or it can be other devices other than a terminal. For example, the terminal can include but is not limited to the types of terminal 11 listed above, and other devices can be servers, network attached storage (NAS), etc., which are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0311] The transmission device provided in the embodiment of the present application can implement the various processes implemented in the method embodiment of Figure 3 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0312] Please refer to FIG. 7 , which is a structural diagram of a transmission device provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 7 , the transmission device 700 includes:

[0313] A sending module 701 is configured to send a second parameter to a terminal;

[0314] The second parameter includes power parameters corresponding to at least two types of random access resources, and the at least two types of random access resources are random access resources corresponding to at least two duplex models.

[0315] Optionally, the second parameter includes a power parameter corresponding to a first type of random access resource and a power parameter corresponding to a second type of random access resource, the first type of random access resource is a random access resource corresponding to a half-duplex mode, and the second type of random access resource is a random access resource corresponding to a full-duplex mode.

[0316] Optionally, the power parameter corresponding to the first type of random access resource includes at least one of the following:

[0317] a power boost parameter corresponding to the first type of random access resources;

[0318] A power offset value corresponding to the first type of random access resource;

[0319] an uplink power control parameter corresponding to the first type of random access resources;

[0320] or,

[0321] The power parameter corresponding to the second type of random access resource includes at least one of the following:

[0322] a power boost parameter corresponding to the second type of random access resources;

[0323] a power offset value corresponding to the second type of random access resources;

[0324] The uplink power control parameter corresponding to the second type of random access resources.

[0325] Optionally, the device further comprises:

[0326] The third determining module is configured to determine a random access resource for the terminal to perform an N-th random access message transmission based on at least one of the following:

[0327] The synchronization signal block SSB associated with the random access resource or the reference signal received power RSRP corresponding to the SSB associated with the random access resource;

[0328] Indication information sent by the network side device, where the indication information is used to indicate a type of random access resource;

[0329] capability information of the terminal, where the capability information of the terminal is used to indicate a duplex mode supported by the terminal;

[0330] a third resource type, where the third resource type is a type of random access resource used by the terminal for at least one random access message transmission before the terminal performs the Nth random access message transmission;

[0331] Wherein, N is an integer greater than 1.

[0332] Optionally, the type of the random access resource for the Nth random access message transmission is the same as the third resource type;

[0333] or,

[0334] The type of the random access resource transmitted for the Nth random access message is different from the third resource type.

[0335] The transmission device in the embodiments of the present application can be an electronic device, such as an electronic device with an operating system, or a component in an electronic device, such as an integrated circuit or chip. The electronic device can be a network-side device, or it can be a device other than a network-side device. For example, the network-side device can include, but is not limited to, the types of network-side devices 12 listed above. Other devices can include servers, network attached storage (NAS), etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit this.

[0336] The transmission device provided in the embodiment of the present application can implement each process implemented in the method embodiment of Figure 5 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0337] Optionally, as shown in Figure 8, an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device 800, including a processor 801 and a memory 802, wherein the memory 802 stores a program or instruction that can be run on the processor 801. For example, when the communication device 800 is a terminal, the program or instruction is executed by the processor 801 to implement the various steps of the above-mentioned transmission method embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect. When the communication device 800 is a network-side device, the program or instruction is executed by the processor 801 to implement the various steps of the above-mentioned transmission method embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0338] An embodiment of the present application also provides a terminal, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the processor is used to determine a first uplink transmit power for the Nth random access message transmission based on a first parameter; the communication interface is used to perform the Nth random access message transmission based on the first uplink transmit power; wherein the first parameter includes a first power parameter corresponding to a first resource type, the first resource type is the type of random access resource for the Nth random access message transmission, the type of random access resource includes at least two types of random access resources, and the at least two types of random access resources are random access resources corresponding to at least two duplex models, respectively, and N is an integer greater than 1. This terminal embodiment corresponds to the above-mentioned terminal side method embodiment, and each implementation process and implementation method of the above-mentioned method embodiment can be applied to this terminal embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect. Specifically, Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a terminal that implements an embodiment of the present application.

[0339] The terminal 900 includes but is not limited to: a radio frequency unit 901, a network module 902, an audio output unit 903, an input unit 904, a sensor 905, a display unit 906, a user input unit 907, an interface unit 908, a memory 909 and at least some of the components of the processor 910.

[0340] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the terminal 900 may further include a power source (such as a battery) for powering various components. The power source may be logically connected to the processor 910 via a power management system, thereby enabling the power management system to manage charging, discharging, and power consumption. The terminal structure shown in FIG9 does not limit the terminal. The terminal may include more or fewer components than shown, or may combine certain components, or have different component arrangements, which will not be described in detail here.

[0341] It should be understood that in an embodiment of the present application, the input unit 904 may include a graphics processing unit (GPU) 9041 and a microphone 9042, and the graphics processor 9041 processes the image data of a static picture or video obtained by an image capture device (such as a camera) in a video capture mode or an image capture mode. The display unit 906 may include a display panel 9061, and the display panel 9061 may be configured in the form of a liquid crystal display, an organic light emitting diode, etc. The user input unit 907 includes a touch panel 9071 and at least one of other input devices 9072. The touch panel 9071 is also called a touch screen. The touch panel 9071 may include two parts: a touch detection device and a touch controller. Other input devices 9072 may include, but are not limited to, a physical keyboard, function keys (such as volume control keys, switch keys, etc.), a trackball, a mouse, and an operating stick, which will not be repeated here.

[0342] In the embodiment of the present application, after receiving downlink data from a network-side device, the RF unit 901 may transmit the data to the processor 910 for processing. Furthermore, the RF unit 901 may send uplink data to the network-side device. Typically, the RF unit 901 includes, but is not limited to, an antenna, an amplifier, a transceiver, a coupler, a low-noise amplifier, a duplexer, and the like.

[0343] The memory 909 can be used to store software programs or instructions and various data. The memory 909 may mainly include a first storage area for storing programs or instructions and a second storage area for storing data, wherein the first storage area may store an operating system, applications or instructions required for at least one function (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.). In addition, the memory 909 may include a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory. Among them, the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or a flash memory. Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDRSDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct RAM bus random access memory (DRRAM). The memory 909 in the embodiment of the present application includes but is not limited to these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0344] Processor 910 may include one or more processing units. Optionally, processor 910 integrates an application processor and a modem processor. The application processor primarily handles operations related to the operating system, user interface, and application programs, while the modem processor primarily processes wireless communication signals, such as a baseband processor. It is understood that the modem processor may not be integrated into processor 910.

[0345] The processor 910 is configured to determine a first uplink transmit power for an N-th random access message transmission according to a first parameter;

[0346] The radio frequency unit 901 is used to perform the Nth random access message transmission according to the first uplink transmit power; wherein the first parameter includes a first power parameter corresponding to a first resource type, the first resource type is the type of random access resource for the Nth random access message transmission, the type of random access resource includes at least two types of random access resources, and the at least two types of random access resources are random access resources corresponding to at least two duplex models, respectively, and N is an integer greater than 1.

[0347] It can be understood that the implementation process of each implementation method mentioned in this embodiment can refer to the relevant description of the aforementioned method embodiment and achieve the same or corresponding technical effects. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0348] An embodiment of the present application also provides a network-side device, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is configured to send a second parameter to a terminal; wherein the second parameter includes power parameters corresponding to at least two types of random access resources, wherein the at least two types of random access resources are random access resources corresponding to at least two duplex models. This network-side device embodiment corresponds to the aforementioned network-side device method embodiment, and each implementation process and implementation method of the aforementioned method embodiment are applicable to this network-side device embodiment and can achieve the same technical effects.

[0349] Specifically, an embodiment of the present application also provides a network-side device. As shown in Figure 10, the network-side device 1000 includes: an antenna 1001, a radio frequency device 1002, a baseband device 1003, a processor 1004, and a memory 1005. Antenna 1001 is connected to radio frequency device 1002. In the uplink direction, radio frequency device 1002 receives information via antenna 1001 and sends the received information to baseband device 1003 for processing. In the downlink direction, baseband device 1003 processes the information to be transmitted and sends it to radio frequency device 1002. Radio frequency device 1002 processes the received information and sends it through antenna 1001.

[0350] The method executed by the network-side device in the above embodiment may be implemented in the baseband device 1003 , which includes a baseband processor.

[0351] The baseband device 1003 may, for example, include at least one baseband board, on which multiple chips are arranged, as shown in Figure 10, one of which is, for example, a baseband processor, which is connected to the memory 1005 through a bus interface to call the program in the memory 1005 and execute the network device operations shown in the above method embodiment.

[0352] The network side device may further include a network interface 1006, which is, for example, a Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI).

[0353] Specifically, the network side device 1000 of the embodiment of the present application also includes: instructions or programs stored in the memory 1005 and executable on the processor 1004. The processor 1004 calls the instructions or programs in the memory 1005 to execute the method of execution of each module shown in Figure 7 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described here.

[0354] An embodiment of the present application also provides a readable storage medium, on which a program or instruction is stored. When the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the various processes of the above-mentioned transmission method embodiment are implemented and the same technical effect can be achieved. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0355] The processor is the processor in the terminal described in the above embodiment. The readable storage medium includes a computer-readable storage medium, such as a computer read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk. In some examples, the readable storage medium may be a non-transitory readable storage medium.

[0356] An embodiment of the present application further provides a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface and the processor are coupled, and the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the various processes of the above-mentioned transmission method embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0357] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can also be called a system-level chip, a system chip, a chip system or a system-on-chip chip, etc.

[0358] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program / program product, which includes a computer program or computer instructions. The computer program or computer instructions are executed by at least one processor to implement the various processes of the above-mentioned transmission method embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, they are not repeated here.

[0359] An embodiment of the present application also provides a transmission system, including: a terminal and a network-side device, wherein the terminal is used to execute the various processes as shown in Figure 3 and the various method embodiments described above, and the network-side device is used to execute the various processes as shown in Figure 5 and the various method embodiments described above, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0360] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "comprise", "include" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element. In addition, it should be pointed out that the scope of the methods and devices in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, and may also include performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the opposite order according to the functions involved. For example, the described method may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may also be added, omitted or combined. In addition, the features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0361] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be implemented by means of a computer software product plus a necessary general-purpose hardware platform, or of course, by hardware. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc.) and includes a number of instructions for enabling a terminal or network-side device to execute the methods described in each embodiment of the present application.

[0362] The embodiments of the present application are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of this application, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms of implementation methods without departing from the purpose of this application and the scope of protection of the claims. These implementation methods are all within the protection of this application.

Claims

1. A transmission method, comprising: The terminal determines, according to the first parameter, a first uplink transmit power for the Nth random access message transmission; The terminal performs the Nth random access message transmission according to the first uplink transmit power; The first parameter includes a first power parameter corresponding to a first resource type, the first resource type is the type of random access resource for the Nth random access message transmission, the type of random access resource includes at least two types of random access resources, and the at least two types of random access resources are random access resources corresponding to at least two duplex models, respectively, and N is an integer greater than 1.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The first power parameter includes at least one of the following: a power boost parameter corresponding to the first resource type; a power offset value corresponding to the first resource type; An uplink power control parameter corresponding to the first resource type.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein: The uplink power control parameter corresponding to the first resource type includes at least one of the following: the target receiving power corresponding to the first resource type, the maximum transmitting power corresponding to the first resource type, and the path loss parameter corresponding to the first resource type.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein The types of random access resources include first-type random access resources and second-type random access resources, the first-type random access resources are random access resources corresponding to half-duplex mode, and the second-type random access resources are random access resources corresponding to full-duplex mode.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein The first parameter further includes at least one of the following: a second uplink transmit power, a second power parameter corresponding to the second resource type, a second power parameter corresponding to the first type of random access resource, a second power parameter corresponding to the second type of random access resource, a first number, a second number, a third number, and a fourth number; The second uplink transmit power is the uplink transmit power of the N-1th random access message transmission, the second resource type includes the type of random access resources of at least one random access message transmission before the Nth random access message transmission, the first number is N-1, the second number is the number of times the resource type of the random access resource in the N-1 random access message transmission is the first resource type, the third number is the number of times the resource type of the random access resource in the N-1 random access message transmission is the first type of random access resource, and the fourth number is the number of times the resource type of the random access resource in the N-1 random access message transmission is the second type of random access resource.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein: The N-1 random access message transmissions include the second random access message transmission to the Nth random access message transmission.

7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein: The second power parameter includes at least one of the following: a power boost parameter and a power offset value.

8. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein The first uplink transmit power is determined according to at least one of a power boost parameter corresponding to the first resource type and a power offset value corresponding to the first resource type, and the second uplink transmit power.

9. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein The first uplink transmit power is determined according to an uplink power control parameter corresponding to the first resource type, the first number of times, a second power parameter corresponding to the first type of random access resources, and a second power parameter corresponding to the second type of random access resources.

10. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 9, wherein The first uplink transmit power is determined according to at least one of a power boost parameter corresponding to the first resource type and a power offset value corresponding to the first resource type, an uplink power control parameter corresponding to the first resource type, and the second number of times.

11. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 10, wherein The first uplink transmit power is determined according to an uplink power control parameter corresponding to the first resource type, a second power parameter corresponding to the first type of random access resources, a second power parameter corresponding to the second type of random access resources, the third number, and the fourth number.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, further comprising: The terminal determines, based on at least one of the following items, a random access resource for transmitting the Nth random access message: The synchronization signal block SSB associated with the random access resource or the reference signal received power RSRP corresponding to the SSB associated with the random access resource; Indication information sent by the network side device, where the indication information is used to indicate the type of random access resource; capability information of the terminal, where the capability information of the terminal is used to indicate a duplex mode supported by the terminal; A third resource type, where the third resource type is a type of random access resource of at least one random access message transmission before the Nth random access message transmission.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein: The type of the random access resource for the Nth random access message transmission is the same as the third resource type; or, The type of the random access resource transmitted for the Nth random access message is different from the third resource type.

14. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 13, wherein The first type of random access resource includes at least one of the following: A first sub-category random access resource, where the first sub-category random access resource is used to represent a random access message resource located on a time domain resource having a first time domain format; A second subclass random access resource, where the second subclass random access resource is used to represent a random access message resource located on a time domain resource having a second time domain format, and a time interval between the random access message resource and the SSB is greater than or equal to a first preset value; The first time domain format is a time domain format for uplink transmission only, and the second time domain format is a time domain format for flexible transmission.

15. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 14, wherein The second type of random access resource includes at least one of the following: A third sub-category random access resource, where the third sub-category random access resource is used to represent a random access message resource located on a time domain resource having a third time domain format, and the random access message resource does not overlap with a time domain resource of a target signal; a fourth subcategory of random access resources, where the fourth subcategory of random access resources is used to represent random access message resources located on time domain resources having a time domain format of the third time domain format, and the random access message resources overlap with time domain resources of a target signal; A fifth subcategory of random access resources, wherein the fifth subcategory of random access resources is used to represent a random access message resource located on a time domain resource having a time domain format of the third time domain format, and a time interval between the random access message resource and the time domain resource of the target signal is greater than a second preset value; The third time domain format is a time domain format for full-duplex transmission, and the target signal includes a downlink public signal or a downlink broadcast signal.

16. A transmission method, comprising: The network side device sends a second parameter to the terminal; The second parameter includes power parameters corresponding to at least two types of random access resources, and the at least two types of random access resources are random access resources corresponding to at least two duplex models.

17. The method according to claim 16, wherein The second parameters include power parameters corresponding to first-type random access resources and power parameters corresponding to second-type random access resources, the first-type random access resources are random access resources corresponding to half-duplex mode, and the second-type random access resources are random access resources corresponding to full-duplex mode.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein The power parameter corresponding to the first type of random access resource includes at least one of the following: a power boost parameter corresponding to the first type of random access resources; A power offset value corresponding to the first type of random access resource; an uplink power control parameter corresponding to the first type of random access resources; or, The power parameter corresponding to the second type of random access resource includes at least one of the following: a power boost parameter corresponding to the second type of random access resources; a power offset value corresponding to the second type of random access resources; The uplink power control parameter corresponding to the second type of random access resources.

19. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 18, further comprising: The network-side device determines, based on at least one of the following, a random access resource for the terminal to perform an Nth random access message transmission: The synchronization signal block SSB associated with the random access resource or the reference signal received power RSRP corresponding to the SSB associated with the random access resource; Indication information sent by the network side device, where the indication information is used to indicate a type of random access resource; capability information of the terminal, where the capability information of the terminal is used to indicate a duplex mode supported by the terminal; a third resource type, where the third resource type is a type of random access resource used by the terminal for at least one random access message transmission before the terminal performs the Nth random access message transmission; Wherein, N is an integer greater than 1.

20. The method according to claim 19, wherein The type of the random access resource for the Nth random access message transmission is the same as the third resource type; or, The type of the random access resource transmitted for the Nth random access message is different from the third resource type.

21. A transmission device comprising: A first determining module, configured to determine a first uplink transmit power for an N-th random access message transmission according to a first parameter; a transmission module, configured to perform the Nth random access message transmission according to the first uplink transmit power; The first parameter includes a first power parameter corresponding to a first resource type, the first resource type is the type of random access resource for the Nth random access message transmission, the type of random access resource includes at least two types of random access resources, and the at least two types of random access resources are random access resources corresponding to at least two duplex models, respectively, and N is an integer greater than 1.

22. The device according to claim 21, wherein The first power parameter includes at least one of the following: a power boost parameter corresponding to the first resource type; a power offset value corresponding to the first resource type; An uplink power control parameter corresponding to the first resource type.

23. The device according to claim 21 or 22, wherein The types of random access resources include first-type random access resources and second-type random access resources, the first-type random access resources are random access resources corresponding to half-duplex mode, and the second-type random access resources are random access resources corresponding to full-duplex mode.

24. The device according to any one of claims 21 to 23, wherein The first parameter further includes at least one of the following: a second uplink transmit power, a second power parameter corresponding to the second resource type, a second power parameter corresponding to the first type of random access resource, a second power parameter corresponding to the second type of random access resource, a first number, a second number, a third number, and a fourth number; The second uplink transmit power is the uplink transmit power of the N-1th random access message transmission, the second resource type includes the type of random access resources of at least one random access message transmission before the Nth random access message transmission, the first number is N-1, the second number is the number of times the resource type of the random access resource in the N-1 random access message transmission is the first resource type, the third number is the number of times the resource type of the random access resource in the N-1 random access message transmission is the first type of random access resource, and the fourth number is the number of times the resource type of the random access resource in the N-1 random access message transmission is the second type of random access resource.

25. The apparatus according to claim 24, wherein The first uplink transmit power is determined according to at least one of a power boost parameter corresponding to the first resource type and a power offset value corresponding to the first resource type, and the second uplink transmit power.

26. The device according to claim 24 or 25, wherein The first uplink transmit power is determined according to an uplink power control parameter corresponding to the first resource type, the first number of times, a second power parameter corresponding to the first type of random access resources, and a second power parameter corresponding to the second type of random access resources.

27. The device according to any one of claims 24 to 26, wherein The first uplink transmit power is determined according to at least one of a power boost parameter corresponding to the first resource type and a power offset value corresponding to the first resource type, an uplink power control parameter corresponding to the first resource type, and the second number of times.

28. The device according to any one of claims 24 to 27, wherein The first uplink transmit power is determined according to an uplink power control parameter corresponding to the first resource type, a second power parameter corresponding to the first type of random access resources, a second power parameter corresponding to the second type of random access resources, the third number, and the fourth number.

29. A transmission device comprising: A sending module, configured to send a second parameter to the terminal; The second parameter includes power parameters corresponding to at least two types of random access resources, and the at least two types of random access resources are random access resources corresponding to at least two duplex models.

30. A terminal comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a program or instruction that can be run on the processor, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the steps of the transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 15 are implemented.

31. A network side device, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a program or instruction that can be run on the processor, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the steps of the transmission method according to any one of claims 16 to 20 are implemented.

32. A readable storage medium storing a program or instruction, wherein the program or instruction, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, or implements the steps of the transmission method according to any one of claims 16 to 20.

33. A computer program product, comprising a computer program or computer instructions, wherein the computer program or computer instructions are executed by at least one processor to implement the steps of the transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, or the steps of the transmission method according to any one of claims 16 to 20.

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