Proprioceptive materials for surfaces, furniture, and the like

Abstract

Seat pads, chairs, neck support devices, pet beds, exercise pads, exercise belts, and exercise bands are discussed for providing a proprioceptive effect when a person or pet sits or lays thereon or exercises, as the case may be, having compressible materials that can be incorporated therein. The compressible materials can be made of one or more of rubber, thermoplastic rubber, foam rubber, polyurethane rubber, silicone rubber, thermoplastic resin and thermoplastic elastomer. Positioning the compressible material such that it is between the user and any surface for example when sitting or laying thereon, requires the person to maintain balance while performing the exercise by using other muscles that would not ordinarily be used, and provides proprioceptive feedback to the person's central nervous system.

Description

PROPRIOCEPTIVE MATERIALS FOR SURFACES, FURNITURE, AND THE LIKE CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS:

[0001] This application claims priority of U.S. provisional patent application serial no. 63 / 633,749 filed 13 April 2024, which is incorporated by reference into this application in its entirety.TECHNICAL FIELD:

[0002] The present disclosure is related to the field of apparatuses comprising proprioceptive materials for a variety of surfaces, in particular, compressible proprioceptive materials that can be incorporated onto surfaces, furniture and other like objects to provide a proprioceptive effect when contacting the surfaces.BACKGROUND:

[0003] It is often difficult for people who are not in the best of physical shape to improve their physical well-being and health. Also, those who were more physically active and fit when they were younger tend to become more sedentary as they age, and their physical well-being and health can decline. In addition, those who have suffered a physical injury, notwithstanding that they may have been physically fit and healthy prior to the injury, may find it difficult to continue exercising as they could prior to their injury. In all of these cases, there is a need for improved physical fitness footwear, apparel and equipment that can enable anyone to enhance their exercise regime by causing them to use additional muscles to maintain their balance while exercise while lowering the amount of weight or force required so as to not overtax the person’s joints and muscles and improve proprioception, especially if they had been previously sedentary or are recovering from an injury.

[0004] In The Role of Proprioception in the Management and Rehabilitation of Athletic Injuries (SM Lephart et al., The American Journal of Sports Medicine, Vol. 25, No. 1) proprioception is defined as a specialized sensory modality of touch and encompasses the sensations of joint movement and joint position. Proprioception contributes to motor programing for neuromuscularcontrol required for precision movements and also contributes to muscle reflexes, providing dynamic joint stability. Proprioceptive receptors found in the skin, muscles and joints provide input to the central nervous system (“CNS”) and, along with visual and vestibular centres, contributes afferent information to the CNS regarding body position and balance. A sports injury or other musculoskeletal trauma can lead to proprioceptive defects. Proprioceptive rehabilitation seeks to retrain altered afferent pathways to enhance sensation of joint movement. There is a need for improved physical fitness footwear, apparel and equipment that can enable anyone to train or retrain afferent pathways to improve functional stability of the person’s joints and body.

[0005] It is, therefore, desirable to provide apparatuses comprising compressible materials that can be incorporated therein to provide a proprioceptive effect contacting surfaces, furniture and other like objects.SUMMARY:

[0006] Apparatuses comprising compressible material is provided to provide a proprioceptive effect when contacted thereon. In some embodiments, the apparatuses can comprise the materials and devices as described in international patent application no. PCT / CA2017 / 050874 filed 20 July 2017, which is incorporated by reference into this application in its entirety, as well as in international patent application no. PCT / CA2024 / 050252 filed 29 February 2024, which is incorporated by reference into this application in its entirety.

[0007] In some embodiments, compressible protrusions can be added to seat pads, chairs, neck support devices, back or body part support devices, and pet beds. The addition of the compressible protrusions can operate to cause the user to actively hold the muscles, joints and body in a proper alignment providing proprioceptive feedback to the CNS. These voluntary movements can be repeated and stored as central commands. This patterning of the brain allows various skills to be performed without continuous without continuous reference to consciousness and can increase the conscious and unconscious awareness of the joint or limb in motion.

[0008] In some embodiments, the compressible hemispheres can be comprised of an elastomeric material, as well known to those skilled in the art. In some embodiments, the elastomeric material can comprise one or more of a group comprising of rubber, thermoplastic rubber, foam rubber, polyurethane rubber, silicone rubber, thermoplastic resin and thermoplastic elastomer. In further embodiments, the exterior of the compressible hemisphere can be composed of a durable material, such as plastic or synthetic fiber and the interior of the compressible protrusion can comprise one or more of a liquid, a gel and a gas, such as air or combinations thereof.

[0009] Broadly stated, in some embodiments, a seat pad can be provided for providing a proprioceptive effect for a person sitting thereon, the seat pad comprising an upward-facing surface and a downward-facing surface, the seat pad comprising a plurality of compressible protrusions disposed on the upward-facing surface, extending upwardly therefrom, the plurality of compressible protrusions spaced apart from each in a substantially uniform configuration.

[0010] Broadly stated, in some embodiments, each of the plurality of compressible protrusions can be substantially hexagonal in configuration.

[0011] Broadly stated, in some embodiments, the plurality of compressible protrusion can be disposed in a predetermined pattern on the upward-facing surface.

[0012] Broadly stated, in some embodiments, the plurality of compressible protrusions can be disposed on a first layer.

[0013] Broadly stated, in some embodiments, the first layer can be disposed on top of a base layer.

[0014] Broadly stated, in some embodiments, the base layer can comprise one or more of a group comprising rubber, thermoplastic rubber, foam rubber, polyurethane rubber, silicone rubber, thermoplastic resin and thermoplastic elastomer.

[0015] Broadly stated, in some embodiments, the base layer can comprise a different density than that of the plurality of compressible protrusions.

[0016] Broadly stated, in some embodiments, each of the plurality of compressible protrusions can comprise one or more of a group comprising rubber, thermoplastic rubber, foam rubber, polyurethane rubber, silicone rubber, thermoplastic resin and thermoplastic elastomer.

[0017] Broadly stated, in some embodiments, a chair can be provided for providing a proprioceptive effect for a person sitting thereon, comprising: a frame; a seat pad disposed on the frame, comprising an upward-facing surface and a downward-facing surface; and a plurality of compressible protrusions disposed on the upward-facing surface, the plurality of compressible protrusions spaced apart from each in a substantially uniform configuration.

[0018] Broadly stated, in some embodiments, a head support device can be provided for providing a proprioceptive effect for a person laying their head thereon, comprising a base layer and an upper layer disposed on a top surface thereof, the upper layer comprising a plurality of compressible protrusions disposed on an upward-facing surface thereof, the plurality of compressible protrusions spaced apart from each in a substantially uniform configuration.

[0019] Broadly stated, in some embodiments, one or both of the base layer and the upper layer can be comprised of compressible thermoplastic.

[0020] Broadly stated, in some embodiments, the compressible thermoplastic can comprise closed cell ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer foam.

[0021] Broadly stated, in some embodiments, a pet bed can be provided for providing a proprioceptive effect for a pet sitting or laying thereon, the pet bed comprising: a bed frame with a top surface and a bottom surface; a base layer disposed on the top surface, the base layer comprising an upward-facing surface and a downward-facing surface; and a plurality of compressible protrusions disposed on the upward-facing surface, the plurality of compressible protrusions spaced apart from each in a substantially uniform configuration.

[0022] Broadly stated, in some embodiments, a plurality of legs can extend downwardly from the bottom surface.

[0023] Broadly stated, in some embodiments, a bed rail can extend upwardly from a perimeter of the top surface, wherein the bed rail can extend at least partially around the perimeter.

[0024] Broadly stated, in some embodiments, an exercise pad can be provided, comprising: a top layer of a first elastomeric material forming a plurality of cavities therein; a gel of a second elastomeric material disposed in the plurality of cavities; and a base layer of a third elastomeric material disposed beneath the top layer encapsulating the gel in the plurality of cavities, the combination of the top layer, the gel, and the base layer forming a plurality of compressible protrusions.

[0025] Broadly stated, in some embodiments, the exercise pad can further comprise a fourth layer disposed Broadly stated, in some embodiments, the exercise pad can further comprise a mat configured for releasably attaching the exercise pad thereto.

[0026] beneath the base layer, the fourth layer comprising hook and loop fasteners.

[0027] Broadly stated, in some embodiments, the exercise pad can further comprise an anti-slip layer disposed beneath the base layer.

[0028] Broadly stated, in some embodiments, the exercise pad can further comprise a beveled edge disposed around a perimeter of the top layer.

[0029] Broadly stated, in some embodiments, the exercise pad can further comprise a textile layer disposed on top of the top layer.

[0030] Broadly stated, in some embodiments, an exercise belt can be provided for placing around a waist of a person, comprising: a compressible pad, comprising: a top layer of a first elastomeric material forming a plurality of cavities therein, a gel of a second elastomeric material disposed in the plurality of cavities, a base layer of a third elastomeric material disposed beneath the top layer encapsulating the gel in the plurality of cavities, the combination of the top layer, the gel, and the base layer forming a plurality of compressible protrusions, and a fourth layer disposed beneath the base layer, the fourth layer comprising hook and loop fasteners; a belt having opposing ends configured to releasably attach to one another; and at least one patch disposed on an interiorsurface of the belt, the at least one patch configured for releasably attaching the fourth layer of the compressible pad thereto.

[0031] Broadly stated, in some embodiments, the exercise belt can further comprise a textile layer disposed on top of the top layer.

[0032] Broadly stated, in some embodiments, the exercise belt can further comprise a film of thermoplastic polyurethane disposed between the textile layer and the top layer.

[0033] Broadly stated, in some embodiments, an exercise band can be provided for placing around a limb of a person, comprising: a compressible pad, comprising: a top layer of a first elastomeric material forming a plurality of cavities therein, a gel of a second elastomeric material disposed in the plurality of cavities, a base layer of a third elastomeric material disposed beneath the top layer encapsulating the gel in the plurality of cavities, the combination of the top layer, the gel, and the base layer forming a plurality of compressible protrusions, and a fourth layer disposed beneath the base layer, the fourth layer comprising hook and loop fasteners; a band having opposing ends configured to releasably attach to a strap configured to wrap around the limb and attach to the band to enclose the limb; and at least one patch disposed on an interior surface of one or both of the band and the strap, the at least one patch configured for releasably attaching the fourth layer of the compressible pad thereto.

[0034] Broadly stated, in some embodiments, the exercise band can further comprise a textile layer disposed on top of the top layer.

[0035] Broadly stated, in some embodiments, the exercise band can further comprise a film of thermoplastic polyurethane disposed between the textile layer and the top layer.

[0036] Broadly stated, in some embodiments, one or more of the top layer, the gel, and the base layer can comprise one or more of a group comprising rubber, thermoplastic rubber, foam rubber, polyurethane rubber, silicone rubber, thermoplastic resin and thermoplastic elastomer.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS:

[0037] Figure 1 is a front perspective view depicting one embodiment of a seat pad comprising compressible protrusions thereon.

[0038] Figure 2 is a top plan view depicting the seat pad of Figure 1 .

[0039] Figure 3 is a front perspective view depicting the seat pad of Figure 1 on a seat of a chair.

[0040] Figure 4 is a perspective plan view depicting a second embodiment of a seat pad comprising compressible protrusions thereon.

[0041] Figure 5 is a front perspective view depicting a third embodiment of a seat pad comprising compressible protrusions thereon.

[0042] Figure 6 is a side elevation view depicting the seat pad of Figure 5.

[0043] Figure 7 is a top plan view depicting the seat pad of Figure 5.

[0044] Figure 8 is a perspective view depicting an alternate embodiment of the seat pad of Figure 5 comprising a compressible protrusion layer disposed on top of a base layer.

[0045] Figure 9 is a perspective view depicting the seat pad of Figure 7 with the compressible protrusion layer separated from the base layer.

[0046] Figure 10 is a perspective view depicting a fourth embodiment of seat and back pads comprising compressible protrusions placed on a chair.

[0047] Figure 11 is a perspective plan view depicting one embodiment of a head support device with a layer of compressible protrusions disposed thereon.

[0048] Figure 12 is a side elevation plan view depicting the head support device of Figure 11.

[0049] Figure 13 is a top plan elevation view depicting the head support device of Figure 11.

[0050] Figure 14 is a perspective view depicting an alternate embodiment of the head support device of Figure 11 having a compressible protrusion layer separated from a base layer.

[0051] Figure 15 is a perspective view depicting a second embodiment of head support device ofFigure 11.

[0052] Figure 16 is a front elevation view depicting the head support device of Figure 15.

[0053] Figure 17 is a perspective view depicting one embodiment of a body rest comprising compressible protrusions disposed thereon.

[0054] Figure 18 is a front elevation view depicting a reclining chair comprising a layer of compressible protrusions disposed thereon.

[0055] Figure 19 is a perspective view depicting the reclining chair of Figure 18.

[0056] Figure 20 is a perspective view depicting one embodiment of an elevated pet bed comprising a layer compressible protrusions disposed thereon.

[0057] Figure 21 is a perspective view depicting a second embodiment of the pet bed of Figure 20.

[0058] Figure 22 is a perspective view depicting a one embodiment of a non-elevated pet bed comprising a layer compressible protrusions disposed thereon.

[0059] Figure 23 is a partial front elevation view depicting the pet bed of Figure 22.

[0060] Figure 24 is a perspective view depicting a second embodiment of the pet bed of Figure 22.

[0061] Figure 25 is a top plan view depicting one embodiment of an exercise pad comprising compressible protrusions thereon.

[0062] Figure 26 is a side cross-section view depicting the exercise pad of Figure 25 along section lines A-A.

[0063] Figure 27 is a top plan view depicting the exercise pad of Figure 25 having a textile top layer.

[0064] Figure 28 is a perspective exploded view depicting the exercise pad of Figure 27.

[0065] Figure 29 is a side cross-section view depicting a compressible protrusion of the exercise pad of Figure 27, as shown in Detail A.

[0066] Figure 30 is a top plan view depicting a yoga mat comprising the exercise pad of Figure 27 placed on top thereof.

[0067] Figure 31 is a top plan view depicting another embodiment of an exercise mat comprising compressible protrusions thereon.

[0068] Figure 32 is a side cross-section view depicting a compressible protrusion of the exercise mat of Figure 31, as shown in Detail B.

[0069] Figure 33 is a side elevation view depicting the exercise mat of Figure 31.

[0070] Figure 34 is a bottom perspective exploded view depicting the exercise mat of Figure 31.

[0071] Figure 35 is a perspective view depicting the exercise mat of Figure 31 disposed on top of a traction pad.

[0072] Figure 36 is a side cross-section view depicting a compressible protrusion of the exercise mat of Figure 35, as shown in Detail C.

[0073] Figure 37 is a perspective exploded view depicting one embodiment of a compressible protrusion pad for use with an exercise belt.

[0074] Figure 38 is a side cross-section view depicting a compressible protrusion of the compressible protrusion pad of Figure 37, as shown in Detail D.

[0075] Figure 39 is a front elevation view depicting one embodiment of an exercise belt comprising the compressible protrusion pads of Figures 37.

[0076] Figure 40 is a rear elevation view depicting the exercise belt of Figure 39.

[0077] Figure 41 is a perspective exploded view depicting one embodiment of a compressible protrusion pad for use with an exercise band for use on an arm or a leg.

[0078] Figure 42 is a side cross-section view depicting a compressible protrusion of the compressible protrusion pad of Figure 41, as shown in Detail E.

[0079] Figure 43 is a front elevation view depicting one embodiment of an exercise band comprising the compressible protrusion pad of Figures 41.

[0080] Figure 44 is a rear elevation view depicting the exercise band of Figure 43.

[0081] Figure 45 is a top plan view depicting a fastening strap for the exercise band of Figures43 and 44.

[0082] Figure 46 is a top plan view depicting the components of another embodiment of an exercise band for use on an arm or a leg.

[0083] Figure 47 is a top plan view depicting the components of a third embodiment of an exercise band for use on an arm or a leg.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS:

[0084] In this description, references to “one embodiment”, “an embodiment”, or “embodiments” mean that the feature or features being referred to are included in at least one embodiment of the technology. Separate references to “one embodiment”, “an embodiment”, or “embodiments” in this description do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment and are also not mutually exclusive unless so stated and / or except as will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the description. For example, a feature, structure, act, etc. described in one embodiment can also be included in other embodiments but is not necessarily included. Thus, the present technology can include a variety of combinations and / or integrations of the embodiments described herein.

[0085] The presently disclosed subject matter is illustrated by specific but non-limiting examples throughout this description. The examples may include compilations of data that are representative of data gathered at various times during the course of development and experimentation related to the present invention(s). Each example is provided by way of explanation of the present disclosure and is not a limitation thereon. In fact, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the teachings of the present disclosure without departing from the scope of the disclosure. For instance, features illustrated or described as part of one embodiment can be used with another embodiment to yield a still further embodiment.

[0086] All references to singular characteristics or limitations of the present disclosure shall include the corresponding plural characteristic(s) or limitation(s) and vice versa,unless otherwise specified or clearly implied to the contrary by the context in which the reference is made.

[0087] All combinations of method or process steps as used herein can be performed in any order, unless otherwise specified or clearly implied to the contrary by the context in which the referenced combination is made.

[0088] While the following terms used herein are believed to be well understood by one of ordinary skill in the art, definitions are set forth to facilitate explanation of the presently disclosed subject matter.

[0089] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the presently disclosed subject matter belongs. Although any methods, devices, and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the presently disclosed subject matter, representative methods, devices, and materials are now described.

[0090] Following long-standing patent law convention, the terms “a”, “an”, and “the” refer to “one or more” when used in this application, including the claims.

[0091] Unless otherwise indicated, all numbers expressing quantities, properties, and so forth used in the specification and claims are to be understood as being modified in all instances by the term “about”. Accordingly, unless indicated to the contrary, the numerical parameters set forth in this specification and claims are approximations that can vary depending upon the desired properties sought to be obtained by the presently disclosed subject matter.

[0092] As used herein, the term “about”, when referring to a value or to an amount of mass, weight, time, volume, concentration or percentage is meant to encompassvariations of in some embodiments + / - 50%, in some embodiments + / - 40%, in some embodiments + / - 30%, in some embodiments + / - 20%, in some embodiments + / - 10%, in some embodiments + / - 5%, in some embodiments + / - 1 %, in some embodiments + / - 0.5%, and in some embodiments + / - 0.1 % from the specified amount, as such variations are appropriate to perform the disclosed method.

[0093] Alternatively, the terms “about” or “approximately” can mean within an acceptable error range for the particular value as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art, which will depend in part on how the value is measured or determined, i.e. , the limitations of the measurement system. For example, “about” can mean within 3, or more than 3, standard deviations, per the practice in the art. Alternatively, “about” can mean a range of up to 20%, preferably up to 10%, more preferably up to 5%, and more preferably still up to 1 % of a given value. Alternatively, particularly with respect to biological systems or processes, the term can mean within an order of magnitude, preferably within 5-fold, and more preferably within 2-fold, of a value. Unless otherwise indicated, all numbers expressing quantities, properties, and so forth used in the specification and claims are to be understood as being modified in all instances by the term “about”. And so, the numerical parameters set forth in this specification and claims are approximations that can vary depending upon the desired properties sought to be obtained by the presently disclosed subject matter.

[0094] As used herein, ranges can be expressed as from “about” one particular value, and / or to “about” another particular value. It is also understood that there are a number of values disclosed herein, and that each value is also herein disclosed as “about” that particular value in addition to the value itself. For example, if the value “10” is disclosed, then “about 10” is also disclosed. It is also understood that each unit between twoparticular units are also disclosed. For example, if 10 and 15 are disclosed, then 1 1 , 12, 13, and 14 are also disclosed.

[0095] In some embodiments, a compressible protrusion can be provided. The compressible protrusion can comprise a planar surface and a protrusion from said planar surface. The compressible protrusion can be configured to be disposed between a person and a piece of exercise equipment or any hard surface. A plurality of the compressible protrusions can be configured into a layer or pad such that the it can be placed on a surface on a piece of furniture, on a device for supporting the neck or limb of a person, and on a pet bed.

[0096] In some embodiments, the compressible protrusion can comprise a hexagonal configuration whereby the spacing between the hexagonal compressible protrusions can comprise a substantially uniform width channel therebetween.

[0097] In some embodiments including those described herein, the compressible protrusions can improve the user’s body positioning when performing exercises or other activities. The compressible protrusions can cause the user to actively hold the muscles, joints and body in a proper alignment providing proprioceptive feedback to the CNS (the “proprioceptive effect”). These voluntary movements can be repeated and stored as central commands. This patterning of the brain allows various skills to be performed without continuous without continuous reference to consciousness and can increase the conscious and unconscious awareness of the joint or limb in motion.

[0098] In some embodiments, including those described herein, the compressible protrusions can be comprised of an elastomeric material that has physical properties that enable it to be compressed under force and to substantially return to its original shape when the force is released. Such materials can include rubber, thermoplastic rubber, foam rubber, polyurethane rubber, silicone rubber, thermoplastic resin, thermoplastic elastomers and any other material having similar physical properties as well known to those skilled in the art. In further embodiments, the exterior of the compressible hemisphere can be composed of a durablematerial, such as plastic or synthetic fiber and the interior of the compressible protrusion can comprise one or more of a liquid, a gel and a gas, such as air.

[0099] In some embodiments, the compressible protrusions can comprise a low density that allows them to be compressed or be deformed so as to provide the proprioceptive effect to a person’s body when exercising. In some embodiments, the compressible protrusions can comprise a high density that prevents or resists compression or deformation so as to provide an acupressure effect to a person’s body when exercising.

[0100] Though the compressible protrusions in this application are at times described as hexagons, for the purposes of this specification and the claims herein, it shall be understood that any compressible protrusion described as a hemisphere or as being hemispherical can be substituted with other shapes such as a hemi-ovoid, hemi-ellipsoid, tetrahedron, trapezoidal prism or other similarly curved or polyhedral surface, or other suitable shape as well known to those skilled in the art.

[0101] In some embodiments, a seat pad for a chair can be provided. Referring to Figures 1 to 3, one embodiment of seat pad 10 is shown. In some embodiments, seat pad 10 can comprise a plurality of spaced-apart hexagonal compressible protrusions 12 disposed thereon. In some embodiments, protrusions 12 can be spaced apart to form channel 14 therebetween wherein channel 14 can be substantially uniform in width throughout, which can provide sufficient space for protrusions 12 to expand into as it is deformed when weight is applied thereon to compress protrusions 12 causing them to decrease in height but increase in width. In some embodiments, seat pad 10 can be approximately 8 mm thick where base layer 11 can be approximately 4 mm thick and the height of protrusions 12 being approximately 4 mm. In some embodiments, seat pad 10 can comprise concave regions 13 disposed on a top surface thereof to accommodate the buttocks and thighs of a person sitting on seat pad 10. Referring to Figure 3, in some embodiments, seat pad 10 can be placed on seat portion 17 of chair 15 to act as a cushion that can provide a proprioceptive effect that can be therapeutic to a person sitting thereon.

[0102] Referring to Figure 4, a second embodiment of seat pad 10 is shown that does not comprise concave regions disposed on the top surface thereof wherein seat pad 10 can be placed on a hard or flat surface to act as a cushion that can provide a proprioceptive effect that can be therapeutic to a person sitting thereon.

[0103] Referring to Figures 5 to 7, a second embodiment of seat pad 10 is shown wherein in this embodiment, seat pad 10 can be comprised of compressible protrusion layer 16 disposed on base layer 18, wherein layer 16 can comprise a plurality of compressible protrusions 12 disposed thereon having channels 14 disposed therebetween. In some embodiments, layers 16 and 18 can be comprised of similar elastomeric material having similar compression properties whereas in other embodiments, layers 16 and 18 can be comprised of different elastomeric material having differing compression properties. For example, in some embodiments, layer 16 can be comprised of softer or spongier elastomeric material allowing it to compress with minimal weight or force placed thereon whereas layer 18 can be comprised of firmer or stiffer elastomeric material requiring more weight or force placed thereon to compress it.

[0104] Referring to Figures 8 and 9, a further embodiment of seat pad 10 is shown, comprising compressible protrusion layer 16 that can be releasably attached to base layer 18. In some embodiments, base layer 18 can comprise firmer elastomeric material configured for receiving compressible protrusion layer 16 thereon. In some embodiments, multiple compressible protrusion layers 16, each having differing compression or firmness properties, can be used with base layer 18 such that the user can select a compressible protrusion layer 16 having a desired firmness.

[0105] Referring to Figure 10, a further embodiment of seat pad 10 placed on seat 22 and back 24 of chair 20. In this embodiment, each seat pad 10 can comprise a plurality of hemispherical compressible protrusions 12 disposed thereon, separated channels 14 running therebetween. In this embodiment, seat pads 10 can provide a cushioning, proprioceptive effect to both the buttocks and back of a person sitting on chair 20.

[0106] Referring to Figures 11 to 16, one embodiment of a head support device is shown. In some embodiments, head support device 30 can comprise of compressible protrusion layer 32 disposed on top on base layer 34. In some embodiments, compressible protrusion layer 32 can comprise a plurality of compressible protrusions 12 disposed thereon having channels 14 disposed therebetween. In some embodiments, the combination of layers 32 and 34 can comprise concave region 36 thereon that can be contoured to receive and support a neck and head of a person. In some embodiments, layers 32 and 34 can be comprised of similar elastomeric material having similar compression properties whereas in other embodiments, layers 32 and 34 can be comprised of different elastomeric material having differing compression properties. For example, in some embodiments, layer 32 can be comprised of softer or spongier elastomeric material allowing it to compress with minimal weight or force placed thereon whereas layer 34 can be comprised of firmer or stiffer elastomeric material requiring more weight or force placed thereon to compress it although in other embodiments, the converse can be true. In some embodiments, head support device 30 can provide a cushioning, proprioceptive effect to both the neck and head of a person laying their head on head support device 30.

[0107] Referring to Figure 14, an alternate embodiment of head support device 30 is shown. In this illustrated embodiment, in some embodiments, comprising compressible protrusion layer 32 can be releasably attached to base layer 34. In some embodiments, base layer 34 can comprise firmer elastomeric material configured for receiving compressible protrusion layer 32 thereon. In some embodiments, multiple compressible protrusion layers 32, each having differing compression or firmness properties, can be used with base layer 34 such that the user can select a compressible protrusion layer 32 having a desired firmness.

[0108] Referring to Figures 15 and 16, an alternate embodiment of head support device 30 having a different physical shape or configuration but comprising compressible protrusion layer 32 disposed on top on base layer 34. In some embodiments, compressible protrusion layer 32 can comprise a plurality of compressible protrusions 12 disposed thereon having channels 14disposed therebetween. In some embodiments, the combination of layers 32 and 34 can comprise concave region 36 thereon that can be contoured to receive and support a neck and head of a person. In some embodiments, layers 32 and 34 can be comprised of similar elastomeric material having similar compression properties whereas in other embodiments, layers 32 and 34 can be comprised of different elastomeric material having differing compression properties. For example, in some embodiments, layer 32 can be comprised of softer or spongier elastomeric material allowing it to compress with minimal weight or force placed thereon whereas layer 34 can be comprised of firmer or stiffer elastomeric material requiring more weight or force placed thereon to compress it although in other embodiments, the converse can be true. In some embodiments, head support device 30 can provide a cushioning, proprioceptive effect to both the neck and head of a person laying their head on head support device 30.

[0109] Referring to Figure 17, one embodiment of a body support device is shown. In some embodiments, body support device 40 can comprise of compressible protrusion layer 42 disposed on top on base layer 44. In some embodiments, compressible protrusion layer 42 can comprise a plurality of compressible protrusions 12 disposed thereon having channels 14 disposed therebetween. In some embodiments, the combination of layers 42 and 44 can comprise concave region 46 thereon that can be contoured to receive and support a person laying down thereon. In some embodiments, layers 42 and 44 can be comprised of similar elastomeric material having similar compression properties whereas in other embodiments, layers 42 and 44 can be comprised of different elastomeric material having differing compression properties. For example, in some embodiments, layer 42 can be comprised of softer or spongier elastomeric material allowing it to compress with minimal weight or force placed thereon whereas layer 44 can be comprised of firmer or stiffer elastomeric material requiring more weight or force placed thereon to compress it although in other embodiments, the converse can be true. In some embodiments, body support device 40 can provide a cushioning, proprioceptive effect to the back of a person laying down thereon.

[0110] Referring to Figures 18 and 19, one embodiment of lounge chair 50 is shown. In some embodiments, lounge chair 50 can comprise compressible protrusion layer 52 disposed on chair frame 56, wherein lounge chair 50 can further comprise headrest 51 disposed on top of compressible protrusion layer 52. In some embodiments, compressible protrusion layer 52 can comprise a plurality of compressible protrusions 12 disposed thereon having channels 14 disposed therebetween, wherein compressible protrusions 12 can disposed on top of base layer 53. In some embodiments, layers 52 and 53 can be comprised of similar elastomeric material having similar compression properties whereas in other embodiments, layers 52 and 53 can be comprised of different elastomeric material having differing compression properties. For example, in some embodiments, layer 52 can be comprised of softer or spongier elastomeric material allowing it to compress with minimal weight or force placed thereon whereas layer 53 can be comprised of firmer or stiffer elastomeric material requiring more weight or force placed thereon to compress it although in other embodiments, the converse can be true.

[0111] In some embodiments, headrest 51 can comprise compressible protrusion layer 54 disposed on base layer 55. In some embodiments, compressible protrusion layer 54 can comprise a plurality of compressible protrusions 12 disposed thereon having channels 14 disposed therebetween, wherein compressible protrusions 12 can disposed on top of base layer 55. In some embodiments, layers 54 and 55 can be comprised of similar elastomeric material having similar compression properties whereas in other embodiments, layers 54 and 55 can be comprised of different elastomeric material having differing compression properties. For example, in some embodiments, layer 54 can be comprised of softer or spongier elastomeric material allowing it to compress with minimal weight or force placed thereon whereas layer 55 can be comprised of firmer or stiffer elastomeric material requiring more weight or force placed thereon to compress it although in other embodiments, the converse can be true.

[0112] In some embodiments, lounge chair 50 as illustrated and described above can provide a cushioning, proprioceptive effect to a person sitting or laying down thereon.

[0113] Referring to Figure 20, one embodiment of pet bed 60 is shown. In some embodiments, pet bed 60 can comprise compressible protrusion layer 66 disposed on pet bed frame 62. In some embodiments, pet bed frame 62 can comprise a plurality of bed legs 64 extending downwardly from a bottom surface thereof to elevate compressible protrusion layer 66 above the ground. In some embodiments, compressible protrusion layer 66 can comprise a plurality of compressible protrusions 12 disposed thereon having channels 14 disposed therebetween, wherein compressible protrusions 12 can disposed on top of base layer 68. In some embodiments, layers 66 and 68 can be comprised of similar elastomeric material having similar compression properties whereas in other embodiments, layers 66 and 68 can be comprised of different elastomeric material having differing compression properties. For example, in some embodiments, layer 66 can be comprised of softer or spongier elastomeric material allowing it to compress with minimal weight or force placed thereon whereas layer 68 can be comprised of firmer or stiffer elastomeric material requiring more weight or force placed thereon to compress it although in other embodiments, the converse can be true. In some embodiments, pet bed 60 as illustrated in Figure 20 and described above can provide a cushioning, proprioceptive effect to a pet sitting or laying down thereon.

[0114] Referring to Figure 21 , a second embodiment of pet bed 60 is shown. This illustrated embodiment is similar to the embodiment shown in Figure 20 and described above except for the addition of bed rail 61 disposed partially around the perimeter of pet bed frame 62 forming opening 63 to form an opening for a pet to pass through to sit or lay upon compressible protrusion layer 66.

[0115] Referring to Figures 22 and 23, illustrated is an alternate embodiment of pet bed 60 as shown in Figure 21. This illustrated embodiment is similar to the embodiment shown in Figure 21 and described above except that this illustrated embodiment does not include bed legs 64 and, thus, this illustrated embodiment is configured to sit directly on the floor or ground.

[0116] Referring to Figure 24, illustrated is yet a further embodiment of pet bed 60 as shown inFigures 22 and 23. This illustrated embodiment is similar to the embodiment shown in Figures 22 and 23 and described above except that bed rail 61 extends around the full perimeter of pet bed 60 and, thus, does not include opening 63 through bed rail 61.

[0117] Referring to Figures 25 and 26, one embodiment of exercise pad 70 is shown, comprising a plurality of compressible protrusions 72 placed adjacent to one other in a two-dimensional or planar array. In some embodiments, protrusions 72 can be hexagonal in configuration when viewed from the top, as shown in Figures 25 and 27, but can comprise alternate physical shapes or configurations in other embodiments.

[0118] In some embodiments, exercise pad 70 can comprise of elastomeric layer 71. In some embodiments, elastomeric layer 71 can be engineered using a specialized molding process known as a “three-shot” molding technique. This process can allow for the creation of intricate designs and varying hardnesses of the elastomeric material, such as silicone, disposed within layer 71 , which can be crucial for its functionality. In some embodiments, elastomeric layer can comprise one or more of a group comprising rubber, thermoplastic rubber, foam rubber, polyurethane rubber, silicone rubber, thermoplastic resin and thermoplastic elastomer.

[0119] In some embodiments, exercise pad 70 can provide sensory feedback. In some embodiments, protrusions 72 of exercise pad 70 can comprise numerous small, soft inner silicone gel 80 encapsulated in cavity 78 by top layer 76 and bottom layer 74, which can comprise of silicone material that is harder than silicone gel 80. This design can create controlled instability when users stand on exercise pad 70 by giving pushback when pressed, thereby promoting enhanced sensory feedback and improved posture. In some embodiments, top layer 76 can comprise of silicone having a durometer or hardness rating of Shore 00 to 30; gel 80 can comprise of silicone having a durometer or hardness rating of Shore 000 to 35; and base layer 74 can comprise of silicone having a durometer or hardness rating of Shore 20A.

[0120] In some embodiments, exercise pad 70 can comprise of plurality of compressible protrusions 72 varying heights, which can provide a dynamic and adaptable surface that challenges the user's balance and stability.

[0121] In some embodiments, base layer 74 of exercise pad 70 can be crafted from silicone with a hardness rating of Shore 40A, which can provide a stable foundation that prevents slipping during use while maintaining overall durability.

[0122] In some embodiments, the three-shot molding process for exercise pad 70 can comprise: a First Shot, which can comprise of injecting the soft inner silicone gel hexagons into designated areas of the mold; a Second Shot, which can comprise injecting gel 80, having a hardness of Shore 5A, in cavities 78 to encapsulate and secure them in place; a Third Shot, which can comprise of molding base layer 74 of Shore 40A silicone to form a sturdy and non-slip foundation for exercise pad 70. For the purposes of this specification, and any claims that follow, any compressible protrusion described herein can be made with the three-shot molding process as described above.

[0123] Referring to Figures 27 to 30, another embodiment of exercise pad 70 is shown. In some embodiments, the elastomeric layer 71 of Figures 25 and 26, can further comprise of textile layer 82 disposed on top of elastomeric layer 71 , and of attachment layer 84 disposed below elastomeric layer 71. In some embodiments, elastomeric layer 71 can comprise one or more of a group comprising rubber, thermoplastic rubber, foam rubber, polyurethane rubber, silicone rubber, thermoplastic resin and thermoplastic elastomer. In some embodiments, attachment layer 84 can comprise hook and loop fasteners, such as Velcro®, as well known to those skilled in the art. In some embodiments, compressible protrusions of exercise pad 70 can comprise numerous small, soft inner silicone gel 90 encapsulated in cavity 89 by top layer 88 and bottom layer 90, which can comprise of silicone material that is harder than silicone gel 90. This design can create controlled instability when users stand on the mat by giving pushback when pressed, thereby promoting enhanced sensory feedback and improved posture. In some embodiments, textile layer82 can be disposed on top of top layer 88. Textile layer 82 can provide protection for top layer 88 against abrasion, dirt, moisture, and sweat, among other things, that can come into contact with exercise equipment during its use or storage. In some embodiments, textile layer 82 can be comprised of one or both of natural and man-made textile materials, as well known to those skilled in the art. In some embodiments, textile layer 82 can provide additional grip and comfort, which can make exercise pad 70 suitable for a variety of exercises such as yoga, Pilates, and general fitness routines.

[0124] In some embodiments, protrusions 72 can comprise of backer layer 86 attached to base layer 92 with adhesive layer 87. Back layer 86 can be comprise of one or both of natural and manmade materials to provide strength and stability to silicone base layer 92, with adhesive layer 87 being selected as appropriate for the materials used for backer layer 86, as well known to those skilled in the art. In some embodiments, attachment layer 84 can be attached to backer layer 86 with adhesive layer 85. In some embodiments, attachment layer 84 can comprise hook and loop fasteners, such as Velcro®, as well known to those skilled in the art.

[0125] Referring to Figure 30, exercise pad 70 can be used with yoga mat 94, comprising of one or more attachment pads or strips 96 disposed thereon. In some embodiments, attachment pads or strips 96 can comprise hook and loop fasteners, such as Velcro®, as well known to those skilled in the art, to enable to place one or more exercise pads 70 thereon in any location as desired by a person using yoga mat 94 for yoga, Pilates, or general fitness routines.

[0126] Referring to Figures 31 to 34, one embodiment of exercise mat 100 is shown, comprising a plurality of compressible protrusions 102 placed adjacent to one other in a two-dimensional or planar array. In some embodiments, mat 100 can comprise of beveled edge 104 disposed about the perimeter thereof, as shown in the figures, to provide stability for mat 100 when used by a person when standing thereon. In some embodiments, protrusions 102 can be hexagonal in configuration when viewed from the top, as shown in the figures, but can comprise alternate physical shapes or configurations in other embodiments. In some embodiments, protrusions 102can comprise one or more of a group comprising rubber, thermoplastic rubber, foam rubber, polyurethane rubber, silicone rubber, thermoplastic resin and thermoplastic elastomer.

[0127] In some embodiments, exercise mat 100 can be engineered using the “three-shot” molding technique described herein. This process can allow for the creation of intricate designs and varying hardnesses of the elastomeric material, such as silicone, disposed within mat 100, which can be crucial for its functionality.

[0128] In some embodiments, exercise mat 100 can provide sensory feedback. In some embodiments, protrusions 102 of exercise mat 100 can comprise numerous small, soft inner silicone gel 108 encapsulated in cavity 107 by top layer 106 and bottom layer 110, which can comprise of silicone material that is harder than silicone gel 108. This design can create controlled instability when users stand on mat 100 by giving pushback when pressed, thereby promoting enhanced sensory feedback and improved posture. In some embodiments, top layer 106 can comprise of silicone having a durometer or hardness rating of Shore 00 to 30; gel 108 can comprise of silicone having a durometer or hardness rating of Shore 000 to 35; and base layer 110 can comprise of silicone having a durometer or hardness rating of Shore 20A.

[0129] In some embodiments, exercise mat 100 can comprise of plurality of compressible protrusions 102 varying heights, which can provide a dynamic and adaptable surface that challenges the user's balance and stability. In some embodiments, base layer 110 of exercise mat 100 can be crafted from silicone with a hardness rating of Shore 40A, which can provide a stable foundation that prevents slipping during use while maintaining overall durability.

[0130] Referring to Figures 35 and 36, another embodiment of exercise mat 100 is shown. In some embodiments, backer layer 114 can be attached to base layer 110 with adhesive layer 111. Back layer 110 can be comprise of one or both of natural and man-made materials to provide strength and stability to silicone base layer 110, with adhesive layer 111 being selected as appropriate for the materials used for backer layer 114, as well known to those skilled in the art. In some embodiments, traction pad 112 can be attached to backer layer 114 with adhesive layer115. In some embodiments, traction pad 112 can be comprised of one or both of rubber and nonslip materials, as well known to those skilled in the art, to prevent exercise mat 100 from slipping on any smooth surfaces it is placed on. In some embodiments, mat 100 can be used as an antifatigue mat for persons to stand on for extended periods of time. This design can create controlled instability when users stand on mat 100 by giving pushback when pressed, thereby promoting enhanced sensory feedback and improved posture.

[0131] Referring to Figures 37 and 38, one embodiment of compressible pad 120 is shown, which can be used in conjunction with exercise belt as shown in Figures 39 and 40. In some embodiments, pad 120 can comprise of textile layer 124 disposed on top of elastomeric layer 122, and of attachment layer 126 disposed below elastomeric layer 122, wherein pad 120 comprises a plurality of compressible protrusions 128. In some embodiments, elastomeric layer 122 can comprise one or more of a group comprising rubber, thermoplastic rubber, foam rubber, polyurethane rubber, silicone rubber, thermoplastic resin and thermoplastic elastomer. In some embodiments, attachment layer 126 can comprise hook and loop fasteners, such as Velcro®, as well known to those skilled in the art. In some embodiments, compressible protrusions 128 of pad 120 can comprise numerous small, soft inner silicone gel 134 encapsulated in cavity 133 by top layer 132 and bottom layer 136, which can comprise of silicone material that is harder than silicone gel 134.

[0132] In some embodiments, textile layer 124 can be disposed on top of top layer 132. Textile layer 124 can provide protection for top layer 132 against abrasion, dirt, moisture, and sweat, among other things, that can come into contact with exercise equipment during its use or storage. In some embodiments, textile layer 124 can be comprised of one or both of natural and manmade textile materials, as well known to those skilled in the art. In some embodiments, thermoplastic polyurethane (“TPU”) film layer 130 can be disposed between top layer 132 and textile layer 124. In some embodiments, TPU film layer 130 can provide additional strength and durability for pad 120. In some embodiments, the addition of TPU film layer 130 can providevarying hardness to protrusions 128 to provide an acupressure effect to stimulate key pressure points on the body, which can enhance circulation, relieve stress, and promote relaxation. For the purposes of this specification and the claims that follow, any compressible protrusion discussed in this specification can, in some embodiments, include a TPU film layer to provide acupressure effects whereas excluding the TPU film layer can provide more proprioceptive effects.

[0133] In some embodiments, pad 120 can comprise of backer layer 138 attached to base layer136 with adhesive layer 137. Back layer 138 can be comprised of one or both of natural and manmade materials to provide strength and stability to silicone base layer 136, with adhesive layer137 being selected as appropriate for the materials used for backer layer 138, as well known to those skilled in the art. In some embodiments, attachment layer 126 can be attached to backer layer 138 with adhesive layer 127. In some embodiments, attachment layer 126 can comprise hook and loop fasteners, such as Velcro®, as well known to those skilled in the art.

[0134] In some embodiments, compressible pads 120 can be attached to patches 142 and 142 disposed on interior surface 141 of exercise belt 140, which can be worn around the waist of a person during physical exercise. Ends 146 and 148 can attach to one other around a person’s waist using hook and loop fasteners, as well known to those skilled in the art. In some embodiments, exercise belt 140 can be tightened around the person’s waist using tension straps 149 disposed on exterior surface 143 of belt 140, as well known to those skilled in the art. In some embodiments, compressible pads 120 can be attached to patch 142 of belt 140 where it can contact a lower back of the person wearing belt 140 to enhance physical exercise when wearing exercise belt 140. In some embodiments, compressible pads 120 can be attached to patch 144 of belt 140 where it can contact a lower abdomen of the person wearing belt 140 to enhance physical exercise when wearing exercise belt 140.

[0135] Referring to Figures 41 and 42, one embodiment of compressible pad 170 is shown, which can be used in conjunction with exercise band 170 as shown in Figures 43 to 45. In some embodiments, exercise band 170 can be used for placement around an arm or a leg of personfor enhancement of physical exercise. In some embodiments, pad 170 can comprise of textile layer 154 disposed on top of elastomeric layer 152, and of attachment layer 156 disposed below elastomeric layer 152, wherein pad 150 comprises a plurality of compressible protrusions 158. In some embodiments, elastomeric layer 152 can comprise one or more of a group comprising rubber, thermoplastic rubber, foam rubber, polyurethane rubber, silicone rubber, thermoplastic resin and thermoplastic elastomer. In some embodiments, attachment layer 156 can comprise hook and loop fasteners, such as Velcro®, as well known to those skilled in the art. In some embodiments, compressible protrusions 158 of pad 150 can comprise numerous small, soft inner silicone gel 164 encapsulated in cavity 163 by top layer 162 and bottom layer 166, which can comprise of silicone material that is harder than silicone gel 164.

[0136] In some embodiments, textile layer 154 can be disposed on top of top layer 162. Textile layer 154 can provide protection for top layer 162 against abrasion, dirt, moisture, and sweat, among other things, that can come into contact with exercise equipment during its use or storage. In some embodiments, textile layer 154 can be comprised of one or both of natural and manmade textile materials, as well known to those skilled in the art. In some embodiments, thermoplastic polyurethane (“TPU”) film layer 160 can be disposed between top layer 162 and textile layer 154. In some embodiments, TPU film layer 160 can provide additional strength and durability for pad 150.

[0137] In some embodiments, pad 150 can comprise of backer layer 168 attached to base layer166 with adhesive layer 167. Back layer 168 can be comprised of one or both of natural and manmade materials to provide strength and stability to silicone base layer 166, with adhesive layer167 being selected as appropriate for the materials used for backer layer 168, as well known to those skilled in the art. In some embodiments, attachment layer 156 can be attached to backer layer 168 with adhesive layer 157. In some embodiments, attachment layer 156 can comprise hook and loop fasteners, such as Velcro®, as well known to those skilled in the art.

[0138] In some embodiments, compressible pads 150 can be attached to patch 171 disposed on interior surface 171 of exercise band 170, which can be worn around the arm or leg of a person during physical exercise. Strap 176 having ends 178 with hook and loop fasteners (as shown in Figure 45), as well known to those skilled in the art, can be placed through strap loops 174 to secure band 170 to a person’s arm or leg. In some embodiments, tension band 177 disposed on exterior surface 175 of band 170 can maintain tension on band 170 to securely hold it on the person’s arm or leg. In some embodiments, band 170 can comprise elastic regions 173 disposed thereon to allow band 170 to stretch in length when attached to a person’s arm or leg. In some embodiments, compressible pad 170 can be attached to patch 172 of band 170 where it can contact the arm or leg the person wearing band 170, wherein patch 172 comprises a hook and loop fastener system, such as Velcro®.

[0139] Referring to Figure 46, another embodiment of exercise band 170 is shown. In this embodiment, in addition to pad 150 being placed on patch 172 on interior surface 171 of band 170, strap 176 can also comprise another pad 150 placed on patch 179 disposed on strap 176, wherein patch 179 a hook and loop fastener system, such as Velcro®.

[0140] Referring to Figure 47, a third embodiment of exercise band 170 is shown. In this embodiment, interior surface 171 of band 170 can comprise two or more of pads 150 attached thereto using a hook and loop fastener system, such as Velcro®. In addition, strap 176 can also comprise two or more of pads 150 attached to patch 179 disposed on strap 176 using a hook and loop fastener system, such as Velcro®.

[0141] Although a few embodiments have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made to these embodiments without changing or departing from their scope, intent or functionality. The terms and expressions used in the preceding specification have been used herein as terms of description and not of limitation, and there is no intention in the use of such terms and expressions of excluding equivalents of the features shown and described or portions thereof, it being recognized that the invention is defined and limited only by the claims that follow.

Claims

WE CLAIM:1 . A seat pad for providing a proprioceptive effect for a person sitting thereon, the seat pad comprising an upward-facing surface and a downward-facing surface, the seat pad comprising a plurality of compressible protrusions disposed on the upward-facing surface, extending upwardly therefrom, the plurality of compressible protrusions spaced apart from each in a substantially uniform configuration.

2. The seat pad as set forth in claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of compressible protrusions is substantially hexagonal in configuration.

3. The seat pad as set forth in claim 1 or in claim 2, wherein the plurality of compressible protrusion is disposed in a predetermined pattern on the upward-facing surface.

4. The seat pad as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the plurality of compressible protrusions is disposed on a first layer.

5. The seat pad as set forth in claim 4, further comprising the first layer disposed on top of a base layer.

6. The seat pad as set forth in claim 5, wherein the base layer comprises one or more of a group comprising rubber, thermoplastic rubber, foam rubber, polyurethane rubber, silicone rubber, thermoplastic resin and thermoplastic elastomer.

7. The seat pad as set forth in claim 6, wherein the base layer comprises a different density than that of the plurality of compressible protrusions.

8. The seat pad as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein each of the plurality of compressible protrusions comprises one or more of a group comprising rubber, thermoplastic rubber, foam rubber, polyurethane rubber, silicone rubber, thermoplastic resin and thermoplastic elastomer.

9. A chair for providing a proprioceptive effect for a person sitting thereon, comprising: a) a frame; b) a seat pad disposed on the frame, comprising an upward-facing surface and a downward-facing surface; and c) a plurality of compressible protrusions disposed on the upward-facing surface, the plurality of compressible protrusions spaced apart from each in a substantially uniform configuration.

10. The chair as set forth in claim 9, wherein each of the plurality of compressible protrusions is substantially hexagonal in configuration.

11. The chair as set forth in claim 10, wherein each of the plurality of compressible protrusions comprises one or more of a group comprising rubber, thermoplastic rubber, foam rubber, polyurethane rubber, silicone rubber, thermoplastic resin and thermoplastic elastomer.

12. A head support device for providing a proprioceptive effect for a person laying their head thereon, comprising a base layer and an upper layer disposed on a top surface thereof, the upper layer comprising a plurality of compressible protrusions disposed on an upward- facing surface thereof, the plurality of compressible protrusions spaced apart from each in a substantially uniform configuration.

13. The head support device as set forth in claim 12, wherein each of the plurality of compressible protrusions is substantially hexagonal in configuration.

14. The head support device as set forth in claim 12 or in claim 13, wherein one or both of the base layer and the upper layer is comprised of compressible thermoplastic.

15. The head support device as set forth in claim 14, wherein the compressible thermoplastic comprises closed cell ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer foam.

16. The head support device as set forth in any one of claims 12 to 15, wherein each of the plurality of compressible protrusions comprises one or more of a group comprising rubber, thermoplastic rubber, foam rubber, polyurethane rubber, silicone rubber, thermoplastic resin and thermoplastic elastomer.

17. A pet bed for providing a proprioceptive effect for a pet sitting or laying thereon, the pet bed comprising: a) a bed frame with a top surface and a bottom surface; b) a base layer disposed on the top surface, the base layer comprising an upward- facing surface and a downward-facing surface; and c) a plurality of compressible protrusions disposed on the upward-facing surface, the plurality of compressible protrusions spaced apart from each in a substantially uniform configuration.

18. The pet bed as set forth in claim 17, wherein each of the plurality of compressible protrusions is substantially hexagonal in configuration.

19. The pet bed as set forth in claim 18, wherein each of the plurality of compressible protrusions comprises one or more of a group comprising rubber, thermoplastic rubber, foam rubber, polyurethane rubber, silicone rubber, thermoplastic resin and thermoplastic elastomer.

20. The pet bed as set forth in any one of claims 17 to 19, further comprising a plurality of legs extending downwardly from the bottom surface.

21. The pet bed as set forth in claim 17, further comprising a bed rail extending upwardly from a perimeter of the top surface, the bed rail extending at least partially around the perimeter.

22. An exercise pad, comprising: a) a top layer of a first elastomeric material forming a plurality of cavities therein; b) a gel of a second elastomeric material disposed in the plurality of cavities; and c) a base layer of a third elastomeric material disposed beneath the top layer encapsulating the gel in the plurality of cavities, the combination of the top layer, the gel, and the base layer forming a plurality of compressible protrusions.

23. The exercise pad as set forth in claim 22, further comprising a fourth layer disposed beneath the base layer, the fourth layer comprising hook and loop fasteners.

24. The exercise pad as set forth in claim 23, further comprising a mat configured for releasably attaching the exercise pad thereto.

25. The exercise pad as set forth in claim 22, further comprising a fourth layer disposed beneath the base layer, the fourth layer comprising an anti-slip material.

26. The exercise pad as set forth in claim 22, further comprising a beveled edge disposed around a perimeter of the top layer.

27. The exercise pad as set forth in claim 22, wherein one or more of the top layer, the gel, and the base layer comprise one or more of a group comprising rubber, thermoplastic rubber, foam rubber, polyurethane rubber, silicone rubber, thermoplastic resin and thermoplastic elastomer.

28. The exercise pad as set forth in any one of claims 22 to 27, further comprising a textile layer disposed on top of the top layer.

29. An exercise belt for placing around a waist of a person, comprising: a) a compressible pad, comprising: i) a top layer of a first elastomeric material forming a plurality of cavities therein, ii) a gel of a second elastomeric material disposed in the plurality of cavities, iii) a base layer of a third elastomeric material disposed beneath the top layer encapsulating the gel in the plurality of cavities, the combination of the top layer, the gel, and the base layer forming a plurality of compressible protrusions, and iv) a fourth layer disposed beneath the base layer, the fourth layer comprising hook and loop fasteners; b) a belt having opposing ends configured to releasably attach to one another; and c) at least one patch disposed on an interior surface of the belt, the at least one patch configured for releasably attaching the fourth layer of the compressible pad thereto.

30. The exercise belt as set forth in claim 28, further comprising a textile layer disposed on top of the top layer.

31. The exercise belt as set forth in claim 28, further comprising a film of thermoplastic polyurethane disposed between the textile layer and the top layer.

32. The exercise belt as set forth in claim 28, wherein one or more of the top layer, the gel, and the base layer comprise one or more of a group comprising rubber, thermoplastic rubber, foam rubber, polyurethane rubber, silicone rubber, thermoplastic resin and thermoplastic elastomer.

33. An exercise band for placing around a limb of a person, comprising: a) a compressible pad, comprising: i) a top layer of a first elastomeric material forming a plurality of cavities therein, ii) a gel of a second elastomeric material disposed in the plurality of cavities, iii) a base layer of a third elastomeric material disposed beneath the top layer encapsulating the gel in the plurality of cavities, the combination of the top layer, the gel, and the base layer forming a plurality of compressible protrusions, and iv) a fourth layer disposed beneath the base layer, the fourth layer comprising hook and loop fasteners; b) a band having opposing ends configured to releasably attach to a strap configured to wrap around the limb and attach to the band to enclose the limb; and c) at least one patch disposed on an interior surface of one or both of the band and the strap, the at least one patch configured for releasably attaching the fourth layer of the compressible pad thereto.

34. The exercise band as set forth in claim 33, further comprising a textile layer disposed on top of the top layer.

35. The exercise band as set forth in claim 33, further comprising a film of thermoplastic polyurethane disposed between the textile layer and the top layer.

36. The exercise band as set forth in claim 33, wherein one or more of the top layer, the gel, and the base layer comprise one or more of a group comprising rubber, thermoplastic rubber, foam rubber, polyurethane rubber, silicone rubber, thermoplastic resin and thermoplastic elastomer.

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