Wireless communication method and related apparatuses
By distributing UWB ranging packets into multiple MMS fragments and using synchronization information in a first frame, the method enhances OWR performance in UWB systems, addressing energy limits and improving range and reliability.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/086931
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-10
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-16
AI Technical Summary
Existing ultra-wideband (UWB) technologies face challenges in overcoming energy emission limits during one-way ranging (OWR) operations, particularly in scenarios requiring longer ranges or higher reliability.
The method involves distributing UWB ranging packets into multiple multi-millisecond (MMS) fragments transmitted across multiple milliseconds, with a first frame providing information for one-way ranging, including synchronization and type indications, enhancing OWR performance by overcoming energy limits.
This approach improves the overall performance of OWR by efficiently utilizing energy and ensuring reliable communication, enabling longer ranges and higher reliability in UWB systems.
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Figure CN2024086931_16102025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION METHOD AND RELATED APPARATUSESTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a wireless communication method and related apparatuses.BACKGROUND
[0002] Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology is increasingly being used for indoor positioning and other location services such as access control and asset locating. Aside from dedicated devices and tags, UWB radios are becoming increasingly common in high end smartphones.
[0003] Aside from the traditional ranging use case, other use cases such as device free sensing, downlink time difference of arrival (DL-TDOA) , long range ranging etc. are being actively investigated.SUMMARY
[0004] In a first aspect, a wireless communication method implemented by a receiving node is provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, and the method includes:
[0005] receiving a first frame from a transmitting node, where the first frame carries first information, and the first information indicates transmission of a multi-millisecond (MMS) packet following the transmission of the first frame, where the MMS packet includes more than one MMS fragment; and
[0006] performing, according to the first information, one way ranging (OWR) with the more than one MMS fragment.
[0007] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, before transmitting an MMS packet which includes multiple MMS fragments, the first frame carrying information about the MMS packet will be transmitted by the transmitting node, so that a receiving node can perform the OWR based on the MMS packet. In this way, the OWR using MMS packets is achieved. The distribution of one MMS packet into multiple fragments and the fragment being transmitted across multiple milliseconds (ms) helps overcome the emitted energy limit, thus improving the overall performance of the OWR.
[0008] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the first frame further carries a first indication indicating transmission of a synchronization packet, where the synchronization packet provides synchronization information for the receiving node to receive a first MMS fragment among the more than one MMS fragment.
[0009] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the transmission of the synchronization packet is before the transmission of the first MMS fragment.
[0010] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the first frame further carries a second indication indicating whether the first indication is present.
[0011] Based on the second indication, the receiving node can quickly determine whether there is the first indication, without the need to fully decode the field carrying the first indication in the first frame, thereby improving the processing efficiency.
[0012] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the second indication indicates that the first indication is present;
[0013] where performing, according to the first information, the OWR with the more than one MMS fragment includes:
[0014] receiving the synchronization packet from the transmitting node;
[0015] receiving the MMS packet from the transmitting node according to the synchronization information and the first information;
[0016] performing the OWR with the more than one MMS fragment.
[0017] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the first frame is received on an ultra-wideband (UWB) channel.
[0018] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the first frame is received on a narrowband (NB) channel, and the first frame further carries synchronization information for the receiving node to receive a first MMS fragment among the more than one MMS fragment.
[0019] In this case, the synchronization information is carried in the first frame, and there is no need to transmit a separate packet including the synchronization information, so as to efficiently perform the OWR using less packet transmission, thus improving the processing efficiency. Besides, by using the NB channel, the performance of the OWR is further enhanced.
[0020] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the first frame further carries a third indication indicative of a type of the first frame.
[0021] In this way, transmission of different types of the first frames can be realized according to actual applications and the different types of first frames can be easily distinguished at the receiving node.
[0022] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the third indication is carried in a compact frame ID field of the first frame.
[0023] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the first frame further carries a fourth indication indicating a type of the OWR, and the first information is associated with the type of the OWR.
[0024] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the fourth indication indicates that the type of the OWR is a first type of OWR based on a downlink time difference of arrival (DL-TDOA) or a second type of OWR based on an angle of arrival (AoA) .
[0025] In this way, different types of OWRs can be realized according to actual applications.
[0026] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the fourth indication indicates that the type of the OWR is the first type of OWR based on the DL-TDOA, and the first information includes a timestamp for the transmission of the MMS packet.
[0027] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the fourth indication indicates that the type of the OWR is the second type of OWR based on the AoA, and the first information includes:
[0028] an inter-packet interval between the first frame and a next first frame or an inter-packet interval between the MMS packet and a next MMS packet.
[0029] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the first information further includes at least one of a first parameter or a second parameter;
[0030] where the first parameter is a number of remaining first frames to be transmitted by the transmitting node in a ranging round, or a number of remaining MMS packets to be transmitted by the transmitting node in a ranging round;
[0031] where the second parameter is a total number of first frames to be transmitted by the transmitting node in a ranging round, or a total number of MMS packets to be transmitted by the transmitting node in a ranging round;
[0032] where the ranging round includes transmission of at least one MMS message, and each of the at least one MMS message includes a first frame and a corresponding MMS packet.
[0033] In this way, the receiving node can determine the number of remaining first frames, so that the receiving node can stop listening to the MMS message in time, thus saving energy.
[0034] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the fourth indication is carried in a message control field of the first frame.
[0035] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the fourth indication includes a message identification carried in a message identification field for indicating the OWR and a message type carried in a message type field for indicating the type of the OWR.
[0036] Based on the message identification field and the message type field, the receiving node can quickly determine what type of the OWR is, thus making it possible to carry out the subsequent measurement of OWR by taking appropriate actions corresponding to the OWR.
[0037] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the first frame further carries an identity of a user stipulating a structure of the first frame.
[0038] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the first frame further carries a public address of the transmitting node as a source address and a broadcast address as a destination address.
[0039] In this way, the receiving node can quickly determine if the first frame is targeting itself or not based on the destination address, and if so, the receiving node can easily locate where the first fame comes from based on the source address and gets knowledge of the target of the subsequent OWR based on the MMS packet which follows the transmission of the first frame and shares the same source address and destination address with the first frame.
[0040] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the method further includes:
[0041] receiving a second frame from the transmitting node, where the second frame carries second information indicating transmission of the first frame;
[0042] where receiving the first frame from the transmitting node includes:
[0043] receiving the first frame from the transmitting node according to the second information.
[0044] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the second frame further carries third information indicating the transmission of the MMS packet.
[0045] By notifying the receiving node of the transmission of the MMS packet using both the first information and the third information, the reliability of the transmission of the MMS packet is ensured.
[0046] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the third information includes:
[0047] an inter-packet interval between the first frame and a next first frame or an inter-packet interval between the MMS packet and a next MMS packet.
[0048] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the third information further includes:
[0049] at least one of a total number of first frames in a ranging round or a total number of MMS packets in a ranging round, where the ranging round includes transmission of at least one MMS message, and each of the at least one MMS message includes a first frame and a corresponding MMS packet.
[0050] The second frame carries parameters related to the subsequent first frame, and may also carry parameters related to the transmission of the MMS packet which would also be carried in the subsequent first frame, in this way, the reliability of the transmission of the MMS packet is ensured.
[0051] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the second information carries a public address of the transmitting node as a source address.
[0052] Since the second information carries the public address of the transmitting node as the source address, so the receiving node is enabled to determine which transmitting node transmits the second frame, which is helpful especially in the case where there are more than one transmitting node for the OWR.
[0053] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the second information further carries an offset between transmission time of the second frame and transmission time of the first frame.
[0054] The first frame is transmitted by the transmitting node based on the offset, so that the receiving node can obtain a time when the first frame is transmitted after obtaining the second frame, and then use the determined time to receive the first frame, thereby ensuring the subsequent OWR based on the MMS packet following the first frame.
[0055] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, receiving the second frame from the transmitting node includes:
[0056] receiving the second frame on an ultra-wideband (UWB) or a narrowband (NB) channel from the transmitting node.
[0057] The second frame can be transmitted either on a UWB channel or an NB channel, thereby improving flexibility of the whole solution.
[0058] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, performing, according to the first information, the OWR with the more than one MMS fragment includes:
[0059] receiving the MMS packet from the transmitting node according to the first information;
[0060] performing the OWR with the more than one MMS fragment.
[0061] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, receiving the MMS packet from the transmitting node according to the first information includes:
[0062] receiving, according to the first information, the MMS packet from the transmitting node on a UWB channel.
[0063] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the first frame is an OWR compact frame.
[0064] In a second aspect, a wireless communication method implemented by a transmitting node is provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, and the method includes:
[0065] transmitting a first frame, where the first frame carries first information, and the first information indicates transmission of a multi-millisecond (MMS) packet following the transmission of the first frame, where the MMS packet includes more than one MMS fragment, and the first information is used by a receiving node to perform one way ranging (OWR) with the more than one MMS fragment.
[0066] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, before transmitting an MMS packet which includes multiple MMS fragments, the first frame carrying information about the MMS packet will be transmitted by the transmitting node, so that a receiving node can perform the OWR based on the MMS packet. In this way, the OWR using MMS packets is achieved. The distribution of one MMS packet into multiple fragments and the fragment being transmitted across multiple milliseconds (ms) helps overcome the emitted energy limit, thus improving the overall performance of the OWR.
[0067] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the first frame further carries a first indication indicating transmission of a synchronization packet, where the synchronization packet provides synchronization information for the receiving node to receive a first MMS fragment among the more than one MMS fragment.
[0068] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the transmission of the synchronization packet is before the transmission of the first MMS fragment.
[0069] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the first frame further carries a second indication indicating whether the first indication is present.
[0070] Based on the second indication, the receiving node can quickly determine whether there is the first indication, without the need to fully decode the field carrying the first indication in the first frame, thereby improving the processing efficiency.
[0071] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the second indication indicates that the first indication is present; and the method further includes:
[0072] transmitting the synchronization packet; and
[0073] transmitting the MMS packet according to the synchronization information and the first information.
[0074] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the first frame is transmitted on an ultra-wideband (UWB) channel.
[0075] Based on the above, the first frame carries indication whether the synchronization packet is transmitted prior to the transmission of the first MMS fragment in the case where the transmission of the first frame is on the UWB channel, so that the format of the first frame is flexible.
[0076] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the first frame is transmitted on a narrowband (NB) channel, and the first frame further carries synchronization information for the receiving node to receive a first MMS fragment among the more than one MMS fragment.
[0077] In this case, the synchronization information is carried in the first frame, and there is no need to transmit a separate packet including the synchronization information, so as to efficiently perform the OWR using less packet transmission, thus improving the processing efficiency. Besides, by using the NB channel, the performance of the OWR is further enhanced.
[0078] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the first frame further carries a third indication indicative of a type of the first frame.
[0079] In this way, transmission of different types of the first frames can be realized according to actual applications and the different types of first frames can be easily distinguished at the receiving node.
[0080] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the third indication is carried in a compact frame ID field of the first frame.
[0081] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the first frame further carries a fourth indication indicating a type of the OWR, and the first information is associated with the type of the OWR.
[0082] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the fourth indication indicates that the type of the OWR is a first type of OWR based on a downlink time difference of arrival (DL-TDOA) or a second type of OWR based on an angle of arrival (AoA) .
[0083] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the fourth indication indicates that the type of the OWR is the first type of OWR based on the DL-TDOA, and the first information includes a timestamp for the transmission of the MMS packet.
[0084] In this way, different types of OWRs can be realized according to actual applications.
[0085] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the fourth indication indicates that the type of the OWR is the second type of OWR based on the AoA, and the first information includes:
[0086] an inter-packet interval between the first frame and a next first frame or an inter-packet interval between the MMS packet and a next MMS packet.
[0087] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the first information further includes at least one of a first parameter or a second parameter;
[0088] where the first parameter is a number of remaining first frames to be transmitted by the transmitting node in a ranging round, or a number of remaining MMS packets to be transmitted by the transmitting node in a ranging round;
[0089] where the second parameter is a total number of first frames to be transmitted by the transmitting node in a ranging round, or a total number of MMS packets to be transmitted by the transmitting node in a ranging round;
[0090] where the ranging round includes transmission of at least one MMS message, and each of the at least one MMS message includes a first frame and a corresponding MMS packet.
[0091] In this way, by transmitting the above parameters, a receiving node can determine the number of remaining first frames, so that the receiving node can stop listening to the MMS message in time, thus saving energy.
[0092] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the fourth indication is carried in a message control field of the first frame.
[0093] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the fourth indication includes a message identification carried in a message identification field for indicating the OWR and a message type carried in a message type field for indicating the type of the OWR.
[0094] Based on the message identification field and the message type field, the receiving node can quickly determine what type of the OWR is, thus making it possible to carry out the subsequent measurement of OWR by taking appropriate actions corresponding to the OWR.
[0095] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the first frame further carries an identity of a user stipulating a structure of the first frame.
[0096] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the first frame further carries a public address of the transmitting node as a source address and a broadcast address as a destination address.
[0097] In this way, by notifying the receiving node of the source address and the destination address, the receiving node can quickly determine if the first frame is targeting itself or not based on the destination address, and if so, the receiving node can easily locate where the first fame comes from based on the source address and gets knowledge of the target of the subsequent OWR based on the MMS packet which follows the transmission of the first frame and shares the same source address and destination address with the first frame.
[0098] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the method further includes:
[0099] transmitting a second frame, where the second frame carries second information indicating transmission of the first frame;
[0100] where transmitting the first frame includes:
[0101] transmitting the first frame according to the second information.
[0102] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the second frame further carries third information indicating the transmission of the MMS packet.
[0103] By notifying the receiving node of the transmission of the MMS packet using both the first information and the third information, the reliability of the system is improved.
[0104] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the third information includes:
[0105] an inter-packet interval between the first frame and a next first frame or an inter-packet interval between the MMS packet and a next MMS packet.
[0106] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the third information further includes:
[0107] at least one of a total number of first frames in a ranging round or a total number of MMS packets in a ranging round, where the ranging round includes transmission of at least one MMS message, and each of the at least one MMS message includes a first frame and a corresponding MMS packet.
[0108] The second frame carries parameters related to the subsequent first frame, and may also carry parameters related to the transmission of the MMS packet which would also be carried in the subsequent first frame, in this way, the reliability of the transmission of the MMS packet is ensured.
[0109] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the second information carries a public address of the transmitting node as a source address.
[0110] Since the second information carries the public address of the transmitting node as the source address, so the receiving node is enabled to determine which transmitting node transmits the second frame, which is helpful especially in the case where there are more than one transmitting node for the OWR.
[0111] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the second information further carries an offset between transmission time of the second frame and transmission time of the first frame.
[0112] The first frame is transmitted by the transmitting node based on the offset, so that the receiving node can obtain a time when the first frame is transmitted after obtaining the second frame, and then use the determined time to receive the first frame, thereby ensuring the subsequent OWR based on the MMS packet following the first frame.
[0113] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, transmitting the second frame includes:
[0114] transmitting the second frame on an ultra-wideband (UWB) or a narrowband (NB) channel.
[0115] The second frame can be transmitted either on a UWB channel or an NB channel, thereby improving flexibility of the whole solution.
[0116] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the method further includes:
[0117] transmitting the MMS packet according to the first information.
[0118] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, transmitting the MMS packet according to the first information includes:
[0119] transmitting the MMS packet on a UWB channel according to the first information.
[0120] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the first frame is an OWR compact frame.
[0121] In a third aspect, a wireless communication apparatus is provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, and the apparatus includes various modules configured to execute the wireless communication method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.
[0122] In a fourth aspect, a wireless communication apparatus is provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, and the apparatus includes various modules configured to execute the wireless communication method according to the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.
[0123] In a fifth aspect, a wireless communication apparatus is provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, and the apparatus includes at least one processor, where the at least one processor is configured to execute the wireless communication method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect or according to the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.
[0124] In a possible implementation of the fifth aspect, the above apparatus may further include a memory, and the memory stores instructions that cause the at least one processor to execute the wireless communication method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect or according to the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.
[0125] In a sixth aspect, a wireless communication apparatus is provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, and the apparatus is configured to execute the wireless communication method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect or according to the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.
[0126] In a seventh aspect, a receiving node is provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, and the receiving node includes processing circuitry for executing the wireless communication method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.
[0127] In an eighth aspect, a transmitting node is provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, and the transmitting node includes processing circuitry for executing the wireless communication method according to the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.
[0128] In a ninth aspect, a wireless communication system is provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the wireless communication system includes a receiving node according to the seventh aspect and a transmitting node according to the eighth aspect.
[0129] In a tenth aspect, a computer-readable medium is provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, and the computer-readable medium includes computer execution instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to execute the wireless communication method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect or according to the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.
[0130] In an eleventh aspect, a chip is provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, and the chip includes an input / output (I / O) interface and a processor, where the processor is configured to call and run computer execution instructions stored in a memory, to enable a device installing with the chip to execute the wireless communication method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect or according to the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.
[0131] In a twelfth aspect, a computer program product is provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, and the computer program product includes computer execution instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to execute the wireless communication method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect or according to the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.
[0132] In a thirteenth aspect, a computer program is provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, and the computer program includes computer execution instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to execute the wireless communication method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect or according to the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.
[0133] A wireless communication method and related apparatus are provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. Before transmitting an MMS packet which includes multiple MMS fragments, the first frame carrying information about the MMS packet will be transmitted by the transmitting node, so that a receiving node can perform the OWR based on the MMS packet. In this way, the OWR using MMS packets is achieved. The distribution of one MMS packet into multiple fragments and the fragment being transmitted across multiple milliseconds (ms) helps overcome the emitted energy limit, thus improving the overall performance of the OWR.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0134] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure, constitute a part of the specification, and are used to explain the present disclosure together with the following specific embodiments, but should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure.
[0135] FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an exemplary time structure of a ranging.
[0136] FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an exemplary multi-millisecond (MMS) ranging.
[0137] FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of an exemplary wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0138] FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a wireless communication method according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0139] FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of an exemplary wireless communication method in the case where a transmission of a first frame is on a UWB channel.
[0140] FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of another exemplary wireless communication method according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0141] FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of yet another exemplary wireless communication method according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0142] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of one way ranging (OWR) according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0143] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of one way ranging (OWR) in which an OWR compact frame is transmitted on a UWB channel based on the OWR shown in FIG. 8.
[0144] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary first frame according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0145] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of one way ranging (OWR) involving a transmission of a public start of ranging (SOR) compact frame.
[0146] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary second frame according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0147] FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of one way ranging (OWR) based on an angle of arrival (AoA) according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0148] FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary first frame according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0149] FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary one way ranging (OWR) based on an angle of arrival (AoA) according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0150] FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of another exemplary first frame according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0151] FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a specific example of a first frame in FIG. 16.
[0152] FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary one way ranging (OWR) MMS Message according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0153] FIG. 19 is a block diagram of a wireless communication apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0154] FIG. 20 is a block diagram of another wireless communication apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0155] FIG. 21 is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless communication apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
[0156] In the following description, reference is made to the accompanying figures, which form part of the present disclosure, and which show, by way of illustration, specific aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure or specific aspects in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be used. It is understood that embodiments of the present disclosure may be used in other aspects and include structural or logical changes not depicted in the figures. The following detailed description, therefore, is not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims.
[0157] The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may be applied to wireless local area network (WLAN) systems, such as Wi-Fi systems, etc. The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may be applied to a series of Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 protocols, e.g., the 802.11a / b / g protocol, the 802.11n protocol, the 802.11ac protocol, the 802.11ax protocol, the 802.11be protocol, or a next-generation protocol, which is not limited here. The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may also be applied to the wireless personal area network (WPAN) based on the millimeter wave (MMW) and ultra wideband (UWB) technologies, e.g., the 802.15.4z protocol, the 802.15.4ab protocol etc. The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may also be applied to communication systems such as Internet of Things (IoT) systems, vehicle to everything (V2X, X may represent anything) systems, device to device (D2D) systems, narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) systems, long term evolution (LTE) systems, the fifth generation (5G) communication system, or other communication systems in future. For example, the V2X system may include: vehicle to vehicle (V2V) communication, vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) communication, vehicle to pedestrian (V2P) communication, or vehicle to network (V2N) communication, etc.
[0158] The above describes possible scenarios or generalized description of the examples of the present disclosure, the motivation and technical concepts of the present disclosure are illustrated in the following.
[0159] Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology is increasingly being used for indoor positioning and other location services such as access control and asset locating. Aside from dedicated devices and tags, UWB radios are becoming increasingly common in high end smartphones.
[0160] The UWB physical (PHY) and medium access control (MAC) are standardized by IEEE and the most recent related IEEE publications are IEEE 802.15.4-2020 and IEEE 802.15.4z. Recently a new task group, 802.15.4ab is actively working on enhancements to the UWB technologies.
[0161] Aside from the traditional ranging use case, other use cases such as device free sensing, downlink time difference of arrival (DL-TDOA) , long range ranging etc. are being actively investigated. To address the long-range ranging use case, UWB Multi-millisecond (MMS) ranging has been introduced in 802.15.4ab (see 15-21-0409-01-04ab-narrowband-assisted-multi-millisecond-uwb) . The key idea behind MMS ranging is to distribute UWB ranging frames into multiple fragments and the multiple fragments being transmitted across multiple milliseconds (ms) , thereby overcoming the emitted energy limit of 37 nanojoule (nJ) per ms. The MMS ranging may be further enhanced by a high-performance narrowband (NB) radio which is used to provide time synchronization for a UWB radio and is also used for controlling signaling. This is termed as narrowband assisted ultra-wide band (NBA-UWB) MMS ranging. In MMS ranging, the number of fragments required for the MMS ranging depends on a range to be measured as well as channel conditions, and hence may be dynamically adjusted even within the same ranging session.
[0162] A block-based time structure is defined in 802.15.4z for block-based mode of (MMS) ranging and is illustrated in FIG. 1. Each ranging block consists of a whole number of ranging rounds, where a ranging round is a period of sufficient duration to complete one entire range-measurement cycle involving a set of enhanced ranging capable devices (ERDEVs) participating in a ranging exchange. Each ranging round is further subdivided into an integer number of ranging slots, where a ranging slot is a time period of sufficient duration for a transmission of at least one ranging frame (RFRAME) . The block-based mode uses a structured timeline where the ranging block structure is periodic by default.
[0163] An exemplary Two-way ranging (TWR) using multi-millisecond (MMS) is illustrated in FIG. 2.
[0164] A TWR MMS ranging session may include an initialization and setup phase followed by one or more range-measurement cycles. This initialization and setup phase may also be called a discovery phase. During the initialization and setup phase, frames are transmitted in an initialization channel, while during the range-measurement cycles, frames are transmitted in a ranging channel. While it is possible to use the same channel as both the initialization channel and ranging channel, it is more likely that one or more well-known channels will be used as the initialization channel.
[0165] In the initialization and setup phase, initiator (s) and responder (s) may negotiate ranging configuration which is different from the default configuration. An Initiator transmits advertising poll (ADV-POLL) frames opportunistically at times and intervals to its discretion while responder (s) may opportunistically listen for incoming ADV-POLL frames and respond with an advertising response (ADV-RESP) frame if the responder (s) intend (s) to participate in a ranging session with the initiator. Once the initiator has received an ADV-RESP frame, it transmits a start of ranging (SOR) frame that provides a time offset at which a first range-measurement cycle will start.
[0166] A range-measurement cycle includes a ranging control phase, a ranging phase and an optional measurement report phase. The ranging control phase starts at the beginning of the range-measurement cycle. The initiator starts the ranging control phase by transmitting a POLL frame to the responder (s) at the beginning of a first ranging slot of a ranging round. A responder that receives the POLL frame successfully transmits a RESP frame back to the initiator. The POLL and RESP frames allow the initiator and responder to achieve time and frequency synchronization. The initiator may also include other control information in the POLL message for the responder. In the ranging phase, the initiator and the responder may exchange zero or more UWB ranging sequence fragments (RSF) and optionally one or more UWB ranging integrity fragments (RIF) . The RSFs are used to perform ranging measurements while the RIFs are used to check the integrity of the ranging measurements. After the initiator or the responder completes the reception of all UWB fragments for the ranging phase, the report phase starts in which the initiator and / or the responder generate a ranging measurement report, and send a REPORT frame carrying the ranging measurement report to the peer device (i.e., the initiator and / or the responder) .
[0167] In the ranging phase, the MMS ranging comes in two flavors: 1) UWB only MMS ranging in which control frames as well as ranging fragments are transmitted using UWB; and 2) Narrowband Assisted Multi-millisecond (NBA-MMS) ranging, in which the ranging fragments are transmitted using UWB while the control signals (i.e., control frames mentioned above including the SOR frame, the POLL frame, etc. ) are transmitted using narrow band, using offset quadrature phase shift keying (O-QPSK) physical layer (PHY) .
[0168] The MMS ranging being discussed in the related art is targeted at Two-way ranging (TWR) in which it is assumed that least one initiator and one or more responders participate in the ranging session as shown in FIG. 2. In the related art, there are also ranging methods in which the ranging measurement can be performed based on transmissions from a single device (e.g. an initiator or a responder) . These methods are generally known as One-way ranging (OWR) .
[0169] The OWR now is generally carried out with regular UWB frames using regular PHY protocol data units (PPDU) , but as described before, the MMS packets can also be used for ranging, in order to benefit from the advantageous of the MMS ranging, it is desired to design OWR methods using MMS packets.
[0170] In view of the above, the present disclosure proposes an OWR method using multi-millisecond (MMS) packets. Due to the higher link budget properties of MMS packets, the OWR method using MMS packets will enable OWR use cases that require longer ranges or higher reliability.
[0171] The solution of the present disclosure is applicable in any device that uses the UWB MMS ranging for One-way ranging (OWR) .
[0172] FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of an exemplary wireless communication system 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. In the wireless communication system 100, a first device 110 can communicate with other multiple devices, such as a second device 120, and a third device 130. The wireless communication system 100 can perform OWR applications such as Angle of Arrival (AoA) , and time difference of arrival (TDOA) .
[0173] In some embodiments of OWR based on TDOA, the first device 110 may be an initiator, the second device 120 may be a responder, and the third device 130 may be a tag as a recipient, when implementing the OWR, the initiator and the responder (both of which can be referred to as transmitting node mentioned below) may be anchor devices, they may respectively exchange measurement signals carrying MMS packets, the recipient (which is also referred to as receiving node mentioned below) may (passively) receive / listen to the measurement signals from both the initiator and the responder, and perform OWR based on the measurement signals. For example, in the case of OWR based on TDOA, the transmitting nodes may periodically exchange the measurement signals (e.g., OWR compact frame, public SOR frame, MMS packet which will be described in detail later) between them, and may not even know or care whether there are any receiving nodes nearby, the receiving node needs to passively receive / listen the measurement signals and perform the OWR based on TDOA accordingly; in the case of OWR based on AoA, the transmitting node may transmit the measurement signals (e.g., OWR compact frame, public SOR frame, MMS packet which will be described in detail later) to the receiving node, and the receiving node may perform the OWR based on AoA accordingly.
[0174] In some other embodiments of OWR based on AoA, the second device 120 may be an advertiser while the first device 110 and the third device 130 may be observers, when implementing the OWR, the advertiser may be the initiator, and the observers can be recipients, so each of the recipients may receive a measurement signal carrying MMS packets from the initiator and perform OWR.
[0175] It should be noted that the devices as initiator (s) / responder (s) / recipient (s) shown in the figures are illustrative rather than restrictive, and there could be other number of devices playing different roles in actual applications. Besides, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, for the ease of description, the initiator and the responder may act as a transmitting node which transmits MMS packets to a recipient, and the recipient may act as a receiving node which receives MMS packets and performs OWR.
[0176] FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a wireless communication method according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. The wireless communication method is implemented by a receiving node and a transmitting node as shown in FIG. 4. The method includes the following step.
[0177] S401, a transmitting node transmits a first frame, and a receiving node receives the first frame from the transmitting node.
[0178] S402, the receiving node performs one way ranging (OWR) .
[0179] In a possible implementation, the transmitting node may be aware of the receiving node and may transmit the first frame to the receiving node, and the receiving node may receive the first frame from the transmitting node, for example, in the case of OWR based on AoA. In a possible implementation, the transmitting node (which can be referred to as anchor device mentioned above) may be aware or not aware of the receiving node, but may transmit the first frame to another anchor device, the step S401 of receiving the first frame from the transmitting node by the receiving node can be, passively listening to the first frame from the transmitting node, so as to perform the OWR, for example, in the case of OWR based on TDOA. It should be noted that throughout the whole specification, the transmission of information (e.g., first and second frames, MMS packet, synchronization packet, or the like) by the transmitting node does not mean that such transmission of information is targeting the receiving node, but the receiving node can still receive such information and benefit from the reception of such information, e.g., performing OWR based on such information.
[0180] The wireless communication method may be implemented by the receiving node and the transmitting node, the receiving node or the transmitting node may be an independent device, or may also be a part of a device (e.g., implemented as a module which can be integrated into the device) , which is not limited here. It should be noted that in a case where the receiving node or the transmitting node is implemented as a module, the transmitting operation may also be an outputting operation, it is not necessary to transmit but just to output the first frame to a certain device with a transmitting function, the specific details with regard to the transmitting operation performed by the transmitting node throughout the document also apply for the outputting operation. Similarly, the receiving operation may also be an inputting operation, it is not necessary to receive but just to input the first frame from a certain device with a receiving function, the specific details with regard to the receiving operation performed by the receiving node throughout the document also apply for the inputting operation.
[0181] Take the illustrative scenario in FIG. 3 as an example, the transmitting node or the receiving node can be, e.g., at least one of the first, second and third devices in the wireless communication system. The transmitting node may be the initiator or the responder, the receiving node may be the recipient, and vice versa. In the following description, an example where the transmitting node is the initiator and the receiving node is the recipient would be taken to illustrate the technical solution of the present disclosure, but it should be understood that the solution of the present disclosure is also applicable for the case where the transmitting node is the responder, and the receiving node is the recipient.
[0182] Specifically, the first frame carries first information, and the first information indicates transmission of a multi-millisecond (MMS) packet following the transmission of the first frame, where the MMS packet includes more than one MMS fragment.
[0183] The first information is used by the receiving node to perform OWR with the MMS packet. As one possible implementation, the MMS fragments can be transmitted at a fixed time interval. Besides, the MMS fragments in the MMS packet may all be same, or there may be different kinds of fragments. For example, the MMS fragments can be ranging sequence fragments (RSFs) or a combination of the RSF and RIF, where the RSF is used for performing a measurement for the OWR, and the RIF is used for checking an integrity of the measurement. The number of MMS fragments included in an MMS packet is greater than two, and the specific number is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0184] The performing of the OWR by the receiving node may include the transmission of the MMS fragments by the transmitting node, the receiving of the MMS fragments by the receiving node and the implementation of the OWR by the receiving node based on the MMS fragments. After transmitting the first frame, the transmitting node will transmit the MMS packet according to the first frame. Since the receiving node has been notified of the transmission of the MMS packet, it can receive the MMS packet and carry out OWR based on the received MMS packet accordingly. The specific type of OWR is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, in the case of OWR based on AoA, the receiving node may carry out OWR with MMS packets received from an initiator or a responder in a ranging round, and in the case of OWR based on DL-TDOA, the receiving node may carry out OWR with MMS packets received from different nodes (initiator and responder) in a ranging round.
[0185] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, before transmitting an MMS packet which includes multiple MMS fragments, the first frame carrying information about the MMS packet will be transmitted by the transmitting node, so that a receiving node can perform the OWR based on the MMS packet. In this way, the OWR using MMS packets is achieved. The distribution of one MMS packet into multiple fragments and the fragment being transmitted across multiple milliseconds (ms) helps overcome the emitted energy limit, thus improving the overall performance of the OWR.
[0186] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the first frame can be an OWR compact frame, and the transmission of the first frame from the transmitting node can be performed in a ranging control phase of a ranging-measurement cycle mentioned above, so as to initiate the transmission of the corresponding MMS packet, and each first frame corresponds to an MMS packet. There can be at least one first frame in one ranging-measurement cycle. The first frame can also be used to provide initial timing / frequency synchronization and necessary control information to the receiving node for the reception of the following MMS packet, the first frame also carries different additional information that are required for the specified OWR, which will be described in detail below. For OWR, the recipient (which refers to the receiving node above) needs not be aware of the block structure.
[0187] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, there can be different types of the first frames, and the first frame further carries a third indication indicative of a type of the first frame. In this way, transmission of different types of the first frames can be realized according to actual applications and the different types of first frames can be easily distinguished at the receiving node. In a possible implementation, the third indication is carried in a compact frame ID field of the first frame. For example, the first frame has a compact frame ID field corresponding to the third indication, when a value of this field is 21, it indicates that the first frame is the OWR compact frame, and when the value of this field is 30, it indicates that the first frame is a vendor specific OWR compact frame. The vendor specific OWR compact frame means the structure of the OWR compact frame is specified by a vendor, different vendors may specify different structures of OWR compact frames but share the same value for the third indication, in a possible implementation, the value for the third indication for vendor specific OWR compact frames is a fixed value, and different vendor specific OWR compact frames may be distinguished from each based on identities of vendors (users) carried in the frames. It should be noted that above values such as 21 and 30 used for describing the above fields are just exemplary, other values may also be set for realizing the functions defined for the compact frame ID field, the specific values are not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0188] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the first frame further carries a public address of the transmitting node as a source address and a broadcast address as a destination address. In a possible implementation, the public address can be a randomly generated address by the transmitting node, and the broadcast address is the destination address of the first frame to be transmitted. In this way, the receiving node can quickly determine if the first frame is targeting itself or not based on the destination address, and if so, the receiving node can easily locate where the first fame comes from based on the source address and gets knowledge of the target of the subsequent OWR based on the MMS packet which follows the transmission of the first frame and shares the same source address and destination address with the first frame. In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, different types of the OWR messages (OWR message refers to a message carrying an OWR compact frame, as mentioned below with reference to FIG. 18) correspond to different first information, the first frame further carries a fourth indication indicating a type of the OWR message, and the first information is associated with the type of the OWR message. In a possible implementation, the fourth indication indicates that the type of the OWR message is a first type of OWR message based on a downlink time difference of arrival (DL-TDOA) or a second type of OWR message based on an angle of arrival (AoA) . In this way, different types of OWR messages can be realized according to actual applications. For example, the fourth indication may be of different values for identifying different types of OWR messages, there would be a value for OWR message based on AoA and values for OWR message based on DL-TDOA since several devices would involve in the OWR based on DL-TDOA, for example, there would be a type of Initiator OWR message for DL-TDOA (the MMS packet coming from the initiator) , a type of Responder OWR message for DL-TDOA (the MMS packet coming from the responder) , a type of Initiator final OWR message for DL-TDOA (a message carrying combined information of the Initiator OWR message for DL-TDOA and the Responder OWR message for DL-TDOA) . The specific types of OWR message and specific values for the fourth indication are not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Here the type of the OWR message may also be referred to as the type of the OWR or the OWR type since the OWR is implemented by virtue of the OWR message.
[0189] In the case where the first frame is the OWR compact frame, the fourth indication is carried in a message control field of the first frame.
[0190] In the case where the first frame is the vendor specific OWR compact frame, the fourth indication includes a message identification carried in a message identification field for indicating the OWR and a message type carried in a message type field for indicating the type of the OWR message, the type of ranging measurement is dependent on a value of the message identification field, for example, when the value is 0, it indicates that the type of ranging measurement corresponding to the first frame is OWR, and when the value is 1, it indicates that the type of ranging measurement corresponding to the first frame is TWR. It should be noted that above values such as 0 and 1 used for describing the above fields are just illustrative, other values may also be set for realizing the functions defined for these fields, specific values are not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure. In this case, the first frame further carries an identity of a user stipulating a structure of the first frame. The user can be a vendor which defines a format of the first frame. In a possible implementation, the identity of the user can be an ID of the vendor, for example the organizationally unique identifier (OUI) of the vendor, which is not limited to the embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0191] In the case where the fourth indication indicates that the type of the OWR is the first type of OWR based on the DL-TDOA, the first information includes a timestamp for the transmission of the MMS packet. In a possible implementation, the first information further includes at least one of locations of the transmitting node and the receiving node, or a list of reply time, where the reply time refers to the difference between the transmission time of a first MMS packet from a first transmitting node and the transmission time of a second MMS packet from a second transmitting node.
[0192] In the case where the fourth indication indicates that the type of the OWR is the second type of OWR based on the AoA, and the first information includes: an inter-packet interval between the first frame and a next first frame or an inter-packet interval between the MMS packet and a next MMS packet. For one ranging round, there may be multiple MMS messages, each MMS message may include a first frame and a corresponding MMS packet consisting of multiple MMS fragments, so the first information further includes an inter-packet interval between a first frame in one MMS message and a first frame in a next / consecutive MMS message, where the inter-packet interval between the two consecutive first frames is actually the same as the inter-packet interval between two consecutive MMS packets or between two consecutive MMS messages, and the first information can include one or more of them, so as to enable the receiving node to get knowledge of when to receive the MMS messages.
[0193] Based on the fourth indication, the receiving node can quickly determine the type of the OWR, thus making it possible to carry out the subsequent measurement of OWR by taking appropriate actions corresponding to the OWR type.
[0194] In a possible implementation, the first information further includes at least one of a first parameter or a second parameter; where the first parameter is a number of remaining first frames to be transmitted by the transmitting node in a ranging round, or a number of remaining MMS packets to be transmitted by the transmitting node in a ranging round; where the second parameter is a total number of first frames to be transmitted by the transmitting node in a ranging round, or a total number of MMS packets to be transmitted by the transmitting node in a ranging round; where the ranging round includes transmission of at least one MMS message, and each of the at least one MMS message includes a first frame and a corresponding MMS packet. As described above, one MMS message includes a first frame and a corresponding MMS packet which includes multiple MMS fragments, so the number of remaining first frames can be the same as that of the remaining MMS packets, and the total number of first frames can be the same as that of the total number of MMS packets. In the case where the total number of first frames is transmitted, the receiving node can get knowledge of the number of remaining first frames by counting the number of received first frames. As one possible implementation, each ranging round may have a fixed total number of MMS messages in a ranging round, information indicative of the fixed total number can be agreed in advance, be transmitted e.g., before the transmission of the MMS message (for example, via an out of band (OOB) channel such as Bluetooth, or via a start of ranging (SOR) frame) , so the first information does not need to carry the total number of first frames, MMS packets or MMS messages. In this way, the receiving node can determine the number of remaining first frames, so that the receiving node can stop listening to the MMS message in time, thus saving energy.
[0195] Based on the above, the first frame can carry different information for different types of OWRs to enable the receiving node to perform different kinds of OWR with the different information.
[0196] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the step S402 of the receiving node performing the OWR includes the following steps:
[0197] I, the transmitting node transmits the MMS packet according to the first information, and a receiving node receives the MMS packet from the transmitting node according to the first information. In a possible implementation, the transmission of the MMS packet is on a UWB channel based on the first information.
[0198] II, the receiving node performs the OWR with the more than one MMS fragment included in the MMS packet.
[0199] In a possible implementation, the transmitting node may be aware of the receiving node and may transmit the MMS packet to the receiving node, and the receiving node may receive the MMS packet from the transmitting node, for example, in the case of OWR based on AoA. In a possible implementation, the transmitting node (which can be referred to as anchor device mentioned above) may be aware or not aware of the receiving node, but may transmit the MMS packet to another anchor device, then I) part of step S402 of receiving the MMS packet from the transmitting node by the receiving node may be, passively listening to the MMS packet from the transmitting node, so as to perform the OWR, for example, in the case of OWR based on TDOA.
[0200] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the transmission of the first frame can be on different channels, for example, an ultra-wideband (UWB) channel or a narrowband (NB) channel.
[0201] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the transmission of the first frame is on a narrowband (NB) channel, and the first frame further carries synchronization information for the receiving node to receive a first MMS fragment among the more than one MMS fragment. In this case, the synchronization information is carried in the first frame per se, and there is no need to transmit a separate packet including the synchronization information, so as to efficiently perform the OWR using less packet transmission, thus improving the processing efficiency. Besides, by using the NB channel, the performance of the OWR is further enhanced.
[0202] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the transmission of the first frame is on an UWB channel, which is shown in FIG. 5. FIG. 5 shows a schematic flowchart of the above exemplary method in the case where the transmission of the first frame is on the UWB channel. As shown in FIG. 5, the method includes following steps:
[0203] S501, a transmitting node transmits a first frame, and a receiving node receives the first frame from the transmitting node, where the first frame carries the first information mentioned above;
[0204] S502, the transmitting node transmits synchronization packet, and the receiving node receives the synchronization packet from the transmitting node, where the synchronization packet provides synchronization information;
[0205] S503, the transmitting node transmits an MMS packet according to the synchronization information and the first information, and the receiving node receives the MMS packet from the transmitting node according to the synchronization information and the first information, where the MMS packet includes more than one MMS fragment;
[0206] S504, the receiving node performs OWR with the more than one MMS fragment included in the MMS packet.
[0207] In a possible implementation, the transmitting node may be aware of the receiving node and may transmit the first frame, synchronization packet and the MMS packet to the receiving node, and the receiving node may receive the first frame, synchronization packet and the MMS packet from the transmitting node. In a possible implementation, the transmitting node (which can be referred to as anchor device mentioned above) may be aware or not aware of the receiving node, but may transmit the first frame, synchronization packet and the MMS packet to another anchor device, then the step S501 of receiving first frame, synchronization packet and the MMS packet from the transmitting node by the receiving node may be, passively listening to the first frame, synchronization packet and the MMS packet from the transmitting node, so as to perform the OWR, for example, in the case of OWR based on TDOA.
[0208] In this case, the first frame further carries a first indication indicating transmission of a synchronization packet, where the synchronization packet provides synchronization information for the receiving node to receive a first MMS fragment among the more than one MMS fragment. The synchronization packet can include, for example, SYNC and a start frame delimiter (SFD) , and provides the synchronization required by the receiving node to receive the first MMS fragment. The transmission of the synchronization packet would be before the transmission of the first MMS fragment if the synchronization information is needed. As one possible implementation, the interval between different MMS fragments in one MMS message / MMS packet follows a predefined rule, so once the receiving node determines the first MMS fragment among the multiple MMS fragments in one MMS message, it could be able to receive all other MMS fragments in this MMS message based on the predefined rule.
[0209] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the first frame further carries a second indication indicating whether the first indication is present, the case where the first indication is present shown in FIG. 5. Based on the second indication, the receiving node can quickly determine whether there is the first indication, without the need to fully decode the field carrying the first indication in the first frame, thereby improving the processing efficiency.
[0210] Steps S501 and S504 are similar to steps S401 and the II part of S402 of FIG. 4 respectively. Reference may be made to the above description. For step S502, reference may be made to the above description with respect to the transmission of the synchronization packet, and for step S503, the transmission of the MMS packet now considers the synchronization information which provides a basis for the transmission of the first MMS fragment, the description related to the transmission of the MMS packet on the basis of the first information also applies here.
[0211] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, before the step S401 of the transmission of the first frame, the method may further include the transmission of a second frame, which is shown in FIG. 6. FIG. 6 shows a schematic flowchart of the exemplary method according to the above implementation of the present disclosure, where the transmission of the first frame is after the transmission of the second frame (i.e., SOR frame) . In FIG. 6, the first frame is transmitted on an NB channel.
[0212] As shown in FIG. 6, the method includes following steps:
[0213] S601, a transmitting node transmits a second frame, and a receiving node receives the second frame from the transmitting node, where the second frame carries second information indicating the transmission of the first frame;
[0214] S602, the transmitting node transmits a first frame according to the second information, and the receiving node receives the first frame from the transmitting node according to the second information, where the first frame carries the first information mentioned above;
[0215] S603, the transmitting node transmits an MMS packet according to the first information, and the receiving node receives the MMS packet from the transmitting node according to the first information, where the MMS packet includes more than one MMS fragment;
[0216] S604, the receiving node performs OWR with the more than one MMS fragment included in the MMS packet.
[0217] In a possible implementation, the transmitting node may be aware of the receiving node and may transmit the second frame, the first frame and the MMS packet to the receiving node, and the receiving node may receive the second frame, the first frame and the MMS packet from the transmitting node. In a possible implementation, the transmitting node (which can be referred to as anchor device mentioned above) may be aware or not aware of the receiving node, but may transmit the second frame, the first frame and the MMS packet to another anchor device, the step S601 of receiving the second frame, the first frame and the MMS packet from the transmitting node by the receiving node may be, passively listening to the second frame, the first frame and the MMS packet from the transmitting node, so as to perform the OWR, for example, in the case of OWR based on TDOA.
[0218] The second frame serves to notify the transmission of the first frame and thus carries second information indicating the transmission of the first frame, for example, an offset between transmission time of the second frame and transmission time of the first frame (which can be used for the receiving node to determine a time when the first frame is transmitted after obtaining the second frame, and then use the determined time to receive the first frame) , a channel on which the first frame is transmitted, etc., which are not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure. In a possible implementation, the second information carries a public address of the transmitting node as a source address, and the public address can be a randomly generated address by the transmitting node, so as to enable the receiving node to determine which transmitting node transmits the second frame, which is helpful especially in the case where there are more than one transmitting node for the OWR, e.g., the OWR based on DL-TDOA. In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the second frame can be a public SOR compact frame.
[0219] In a possible implementation, the transmission of the second frame is on an UWB channel or a NB channel, thereby improving flexibility of the whole solution.
[0220] In a possible implementation of the present disclosure, the second frame further carries third information indicating the transmission of the MMS packet. In a possible implementation, the third information includes an inter-packet interval between the first frame and a next first frame or an inter-packet interval between the MMS packet and a next MMS packet. For one ranging round, there may be multiple MMS messages, each MMS message may include a first frame and a corresponding MMS packet consisting of multiple MMS fragments, the third information further includes an inter-packet interval between a first frame in one MMS message and a first frame in a next / consecutive MMS message, where the inter-packet interval between the two consecutive first frames is actually the same as the inter-packet interval between two consecutive MMS packets or between two consecutive MMS messages, and the third information can include one or more of them, so as to enable the receiving node to get knowledge of when to receive the MMS messages. By notifying the receiving node of the transmission of the MMS packet using both the first information and the third information, the reliability of the system is improved.
[0221] In a possible implementation, the third information further includes: at least one of a total number of first frames in a ranging round or a total number of MMS packets in a ranging round, where the ranging round includes transmission of at least one MMS message, and each of the at least one MMS message includes a first frame and a corresponding MMS packet. As described above, one MMS message includes a first frame and a corresponding MMS packet which includes multiple MMS fragments, so the total number of first frames can be the same as that of the total number of MMS packets, and the third information can include one or more of them, so as to enable the receiving node to get knowledge of when to receive the MMS messages.
[0222] The second frame carries parameters related to the subsequent first frame, and may also carry parameters related to the transmission of the MMS packet which would also be carried in the subsequent first frame, in this way, the reliability of the transmission of the MMS packet is ensured.
[0223] It is not necessary to always transmit the second frame, for example, if the parameters related to the transmission of the MMS packet has already been notified to the receiving node, e.g., through some predefined channel (an OOB channel) in the discovery phase, then the transmission of the second frame may be omitted.
[0224] Steps S603 and S604 are similar to I and II parts of S402 of FIG. 4 respectively. Reference may be made to the above description. For step S602, the transmission of the first frame further considers the second information, but the description related to the transmission of the first frame with respect to FIG. 4 still applies here.
[0225] As described above, the first frame can also be transmitted on a UWB channel. FIG. 7 shows a schematic flowchart of another exemplary wireless communication method on the basis of the method shown in FIG. 6, the difference between FIG. 7 and FIG. 6 lies in that the transmission of the first frame in FIG. 7 is on the UWB channel. The method includes the following steps.
[0226] S701, a transmitting node transmits a second frame, and a receiving node receives the second frame from the transmitting node, where the second frame carries second information indicating the transmission of the first frame;
[0227] S702, the transmitting node transmits a first frame according to the second information, and the receiving node receives the first frame from the transmitting node according to the second information, where the first frame carries the first information mentioned above;
[0228] S703, the transmitting node transmits a synchronization packet, and the receiving node receives the synchronization packet from the transmitting node, where the synchronization packet provides synchronization information;
[0229] S704, the transmitting node transmits an MMS packet according to the synchronization information and the first information, and the receiving node receives the MMS packet from the transmitting node according to the synchronization information and the first information, where the MMS packet includes more than one MMS fragment;
[0230] S705, the receiving node performs the OWR with the more than one MMS fragment included in the MMS packet.
[0231] Steps S701, S702 and S705 are similar to steps S601, S602 and S604 of FIG. 6 respectively, and steps S703 and S704 are similar to steps S502 and S503 of FIG. 5 respectively. Reference may be made to the above description.
[0232] In a possible implementation, the transmitting node may transmit the second frame, the first frame, synchronization packet and the MMS packet to the receiving node, and the receiving node may receive the second frame, the first frame, synchronization packet and the MMS packet from the transmitting node. In a possible implementation, the transmitting node (which can be referred to as anchor device mentioned above) may be aware or not aware of the receiving node, but may transmit the second frame, the first frame, synchronization packet and the MMS packet to another anchor device, the step S701 of receiving the first frame from the transmitting node by the receiving node may be, passively listening to the second frame, the first frame, synchronization packet and the MMS packet from the transmitting node, so as to perform the OWR, for example, in the case of OWR based on TDOA.
[0233] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of one way ranging (OWR) according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 8, the OWR MMS message (which is a specific example of the MMS message above) , the OWR MMS message consists of an OWR compact frame (which is a specific example of the first frame above) and an OWR MMS packet (which is a specific example of the MMS packet above) , the MMS packet that may be used to perform OWR is illustrated in FIG. 8. The MMS Packet includes X RSF fragments and Y RIF fragments transmitted at intervals of 1200 RSTU (roughly 1 millisecond) , which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure. The intervals between two consecutive fragments can be predefined, for example, intervals between the same kinds of fragments are the same, and the interval between the last RSF and the first RIF may be longer. The OWR compact frame initiates the transmission of the MMS packet used for OWR. While the primary purpose of the OWR compact frame is to provide initial timing / frequency synchronization and necessary control information to a receiving device (which is also referred to as receiving node above) for the reception of the following MMS fragments, the OWR compact frame may also carry additional information that is required for the specific OWR method being used. For example, when the OWR is based on downlink TDoA (DL-TDoA) , the OWR compact frame may carry additional information regarding a timestamp for the transmission of the MMS packet, locations of the transmitting nodes, or a list of reply time etc., where the reply time refers to the difference between the transmission time of a first MMS packet from a first transmitting node and the transmission time of a second MMS packet from a second transmitting node. Similarly, when the OWR is based on Angle of Arrival (AoA) , the OWR compact frame may carry additional information regarding the number of MMS packets that are transmitted in each transmission burst (which is equivalent to ranging round above) , the interval between two consecutive MMS packets in the same transmission burst etc.
[0234] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of one way ranging (OWR) in which an OWR compact frame is transmitted on a UWB channel based on the OWR shown in FIG. 8. When the OWR compact frame that is used to initiate the OWR is transmitted using UWB (known as UWB driven MMS ranging) , it is possible that a separate UWB PPDU (which is a specific example of the synchronization packet above) consisting of a SYNC (Synchronization) and an SFD (Start frame delimiter) is transmitted in the slot preceding the first MMS fragment to provide initial timing / frequency. The UWB PPDU is illustrated by the dotted box in FIG. 9.
[0235] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary first frame according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. The first frame is an OWR compact frame. The format of the OWR compact frame is illustrated in FIG. 10. The OWR compact frame includes a frame type field for indicating the OWR compact frame being a control frame and a compact frame ID field for indicating the type of the frame, for example, the compact frame ID field is set as a value (e.g., 21) that indicates OWR compact frame, information indicated by the compact frame ID field is also referred to as the third indication carried in the first frame above. Since the OWR is meant to be used without requiring any prior negotiations between the transmitting node and the receiving node, a public address (a randomly generated address) included in the OWR compact frame is used for a source address field of the transmitting node, while a destination address field is set as a broadcast address (e.g. 0xFFFFFF) . A message control field (the content carried in this field may be a specific example of the fourth indication above) of the OWR compact frame is set to different values to indicate different sub-types of OWR messages. For example,
[0236] 0x00: OWR for AoA;
[0237] 0x10: Initiator OWR for DL-TDOA, where an initial signal for the OWR is from the initiator;
[0238] 0x20: Responder OWR for DL-TDOA, where an initial signal for the OWR is from the responder;
[0239] 0x30: Initiator final OWR for DL-TDOA which is a combination of the initiator OWR for DL-TDOA and the responder OWR for DL-TDOA, and an initial signal for the OWR is from the initiator.
[0240] A message content field of the OWR compact frame carries information regarding the configuration of the subsequent MMS fragments as well as information required for the OWR operation. A ranging MAC configuration field carries MAC related parameters used for the MMS ranging, namely the number of RSF fragments and the RIF fragments that make up the MMS fragments. For UWB driven MMS ranging (i.e., the OWR compact frame is transmitted on the UWB channel) , the ranging MAC configuration field also carries the SYNC+SFD present field (the content carried in this field may be a specific example of the second indication above) , which indicates whether a separate UWB PPDU consisting of a SYNC and an SFD is transmitted in the slot preceding the first MMS fragment. For NB Assisted MMS (NBA MMS) ranging ( (i.e., the OWR compact frame is transmitted on the NB channel) ) , the SYNC+SFD Present field is reserved.
[0241] A Ranging PHY configuration field carries PHY related parameters used for the MMS ranging, for example a UWB channel on which the subsequent MMS fragments are transmitted, and sequence code index etc. Aside from other PHY parameters, when the SYNC+SFD present field indicates the presence of a separate UWB PPDU consisting of a SYNC and an SFD, the SYNC+SFD Config field (the content carried in this field may be a specific example of the first indication above) is used to carry the configuration of the SYNC and SFD transmitted prior to the transmission of the first MMS fragment. The SYNC+SFD Config field is reserved for NBA MMS (where the OWR compact frame is transmitted using a NB channel) . The encoding of the SYNC+SFD Config field may be implemented in various ways, as long as the receiving node can decode this field. One example is given in Table 1.
[0242] Table 1
[0243] The information in Table 1 is used for indicating transmission parameters of the separate UWB PPDU, which in turn is used for the receiving node to receive the first MMS fragment.
[0244] When the value of the SYNC+SFD Config field is 0, the configuration used for the SYNC and SFD transmitted prior to the transmission of the first MMS fragment is the same as the configuration used for the SYNC and SFD of the OWR compact frame transmitted in the control phase, so the receiving node can receive the SYNC and SFD based on the same configuration for receiving the OWR compact frame. When the value of the SYNC+SFD Config field is not equal to 0, the configuration used for the SYNC and SFD transmitted prior to the transmission of the first MMS fragment is as listed in Table 1. SYNC PSR indicates the preamble symbol repetition used for the SYNC; SFD#indicates the SFD configuration as described in the IEEE 802.15.4ab specification and the SFD Length indicates the length (in octet) of the SFD field.
[0245] Continuing to refer to FIG. 10, the OWR compact frame further includes an OWR parameter field (the content carried in this field may be a specific example of the first information above) , which is used to carry type-dependent payload based on OWR message type (type of OWR) .
[0246] The OWR MMS messages may be used for AoA applications (that is, the message control field indicates that the type of the OWR is based on AoA) , for example, on a recipient device (which is a specific example of the receiving node above, e.g., smartphone) to remotely control smart home device. In a typical AoA application, the smartphone may use an out-of-band (OOB) control channel (e.g., Bluetooth) to discover the smart home device and to get it to initiate the transmission of the MMS packet that can be used for AoA computations. The smartphone would also learn the relevant UWB parameters (such as the NB / UWB channel on which the Public SOR compact frame (which is a specific example of the second frame above) is transmitted, the preamble code etc. ) over the OOB control channel. An initiator (which is a specific example of the transmitting node above, e.g., a smart home device) that is capable of NBA MMS may transmit OWR MMS Messages for AoA at regular fixed intervals with or without being prompted by a recipient device (e.g., smartphone) . In addition, it may advertise the timing as well as the relevant parameters (such as the UWB channel on which the MMS packet is transmitted, the preamble code etc. ) of the transmission e.g., in a Public SOR compact frame (which is a specific example of the second frame above) that is transmitted prior to the OWR MMS message in an NB (initialization) channel or a UWB channel. The Public SOR compact frame is followed by the transmission of one or more OWR MMS messages in the advertised UWB channel, and includes the number of the OWR MMS messages and the Inter-Packet Interval (IPI) , i.e., the time offset between two consecutive OWR MMS messages being advertised in the Public SOR compact frame. As one possible implementation, the recipient obtains parameters related to the transmission of the public SOR compact frame (e.g., UWB or NB channel on which the public SOR compact frame is transmitted) through the OOB channel, and a channel on which the OWR compact frame is transmitted can be obtained based on the public SOR compact frame, so that the initiator transmits the OWR compact frame on the obtained channel. As another possible implementation, the recipient obtains parameters related to the transmission of the OWR compact frame on the OOB channel, and in this case, there is no need to transmit a Public SOR compact frame, since everything needed for the transmission of the OWR compact frame is agreed by both parties (the transmitting node and the receiving node) in advance or through the OOB channel. It should be noted that the OOB channel here is illustrative rather than restrictive, it may also be other channels in actual applications.
[0247] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of one way ranging (OWR) involving a transmission of a public start of ranging (SOR) compact frame (which is a specific example of the second frame above) .
[0248] As for the recipient device, it can listen on the NB initialization channel for transmission of the public SOR compact frame to obtain the relevant parameters (e.g. a time offset between transmission of the public SOR compact frame and the transmission of the OWR compact frame, a channel on which the OWR compact frame is transmitted) of the OWR MMS messages, and subsequently receive the OWR MMS messages to perform AoA computations. For example, the result of the AoA computation may be used to determine which smart home device is being pointed at by the recipient device and use the information for choosing the smart home device to be controlled, in this case, there are more than one initiators.
[0249] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a public SOR compact frame (which is a specific example of the second frame above) , the format of the public SOR compact frame is illustrated in FIG. 12. The public SOR compact frame includes a destination address field being set to the broadcast address (e.g. 0xFFFFFF) and a source address field being set as a public address of the initiator, so as to enable the recipient device to locate this initiator from more than one initiator. The public SOR compact frame further includes a message control field being set to different values to indicate different sub-type of SOR frame for OWR and a message content field. For example, the message control field is set to a value (e.g., 0x20) to indicate that this is a public SOR compact frame variant for OWR AoA. The message content field carries the time offset field that indicates transmission time of the first OWR MMS message, fields carrying parameters of the NB control phase used for the transmission of the OWR compact frame, parameters of management PHY and MAC configurations and parameters of ranging PHY and MAC configurations, where the parameters of management PHY and MAC configurations (a specific example of the above second information) are used for the transmission of the OWR compact frame in the control phase of the OWR, and the parameters of ranging PHY and MAC configurations (a specific example of the above third information) can have the same information as the parameters of the ranging PHY and MAC configurations in FIG. 10, which ensures the transmission of parameters for ranging, thus improving the reliability of ranging. It should be noted that the NB Channel seed and NB channel Map are shown in FIG. 12 since the OWR Compact frame and the OWR MMS message will be transmitted on the NB channel, in the case where the OWR Compact frame and the OWR MMS message are transmitted on the UWB channel, these fields may be replaced by UWB related parameters.
[0250] The message content field further has two fields carrying parameters related to OWR:
[0251] ● MMS Packets Per RR (which is also referred to as the total number of MMS packets in a ranging round above, and is equivalent to the total number of first frames in a ranging round above) : the number of MMS packets that the initiator is configured to transmit in a ranging round.
[0252] ● Inter-Packet Interval (which is equivalent to the inter-packet interval between the first frame and a next first frame or an inter-packet interval between the MMS packet and a next MMS packet above) : time interval between two OWR MMS messages in the unit of 1200 RSTU (=1ms) , the value is simply for illustration, and is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0253] Since OWR by definition means that only the initiator transmits during the ranging phase, the sub-fields of the management MAC Configuration field may be set to indicate that no slots are allocated for response frame and report frame.
[0254] FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of one way ranging (OWR) based on an angle of arrival (AoA) according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 13, each OWR MMS message starts with an OWR compact frame and includes X RSF fragments and Y RIF fragments. The first OWR MMS message is transmitted at a time offset indicated by the public SOR compact frame. The second and subsequent MMS messages are transmitted after a period of Inter-Packet Interval from the start of the preceding OWR MMS Message.
[0255] When the OWR compact frame is transmitted in an UWB (i.e., UWB-driver MMS) channel, a SYNC+SFD (which is a specific example of the synchronization packet above) may be transmitted prior to the transmission of the first MMS fragment as indicated by the SYNC+SFD Present field (the content carried in this field is a specific example of the second indication above) of the OWR Compact frame.
[0256] FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the OWR compact frame used for the OWR based on AoA in FIG. 13. The format of this OWR compact frame is the same as that shown in FIG. 10, with the message control field being set as 0x00 to indicate OWR for AoA. When used for OWR for AoA, the OWR parameters field is made up of two fields:
[0257] ● Inter-Packet Interval (which is equivalent to the inter-packet interval between the first frame and a next first frame or an inter-packet interval between the MMS packet and a next MMS packet above) ; time interval between two OWR MMS messages in the unit of 1200 RSTU (=1ms) , the value is simply for illustration, and is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0258] ● Remaining MMS packets (which is equivalent to the first parameter above) : the number of remaining OWR MMS messages that the initiator will transmit in this ranging round, which is convenient for the recipient (i.e., receiving node) to know when to stop listening.
[0259] FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary one way ranging (OWR) based on AoA according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0260] As shown in FIG. 15, the initiator transmits four OWR MMS messages per panging round, each OWR MMS message consists of an OWR compact frame and an OWR MMS packet consisting of two MMS fragments. The initiator also transmits a public SOR compact frame in a management channel to advertise the transmission of the OWR MMS messages, the management channel can be an UWB or NB channel, the case where the management channel is the NB channel is illustrated in FIG. 15. The initiator transmits the first MMS message at an interval of time offset after transmitting the public SOR compact frame.
[0261] FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary first frame according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. The first frame is a vendor specific OWR compact frame, and the format of the vendor specific OWR compact frame is illustrated in FIG. 16. The vendor specific OWR compact frame is a specific example of the first frame above. The vendor specific OWR compact frame in FIG. 16 includes a frame type field for indicating the vendor specific OWR compact frame being a control frame and a compact frame ID field for indicating the type of the frame. For example, the compact frame ID field is set as 30 for indicating that its type is a vendor specific OWR compact frame, the value of the compact frame ID field can be set as a fixed value. Information indicated by the compact frame ID field is also referred to as the third indication carried in the first frame above. The next 3 octets after the compact frame ID field (i.e., vendor OUR field, which indicates an identity of a user stipulating a structure of the first frame) is used to indicate the vendor’s organizationally unique identifier (OUI, which is a specific example of the identity of the user above) , and the vendor (i.e., the user above) refers to an organization or individuals who standardizes the specification (s) used for specific use cases or who sells the initiator devices such as a smart home device. The vendor specific OWR compact frame further includes a vendor specific content field, which is a variable length field and the format of the field may be defined by the vendor indicated in the vendor OUI field. As described before, the OUI would be specific for each vendor, and the compact frame ID would be shared among different vendors.
[0262] The format of a vendor specific OWR compact frame used for One Way Ranging (OWR) that may be defined by a vendor is shown in FIG. 17. While the first 3 fields are the same as described in FIG. 16, the vendor specific content field further includes a destination address field, a source address field, a message ID field (which is also referred to as message identification field above) , ranging PHY and MAC configuration fields and a message type field (which is also referred to message type field above) , where a specific value of the message ID field indicates the OWR message while the message type field is used to indicate different subtypes of OWR messages (messages carrying OWR Compact frames) .
[0263] For example:
[0264] 0x02: Initiator OWR for DL-TDOA, where an initial signal for the OWR is from the initiator;
[0265] 0x03: Responder OWR for DL-TDOA, where an initial signal for the OWR is from the responder;
[0266] 0x04: Initiator final OWR for DL-TDOA, which is a combination of the initiator OWR for DL-TDOA and the responder OWR for DL-TDOA, and an initial signal for the OWR is from the initiator;
[0267] 0x05: OWR for AoA.
[0268] It should be noted that in the above example, the value of the message ID field is set to indicate the OWR, and it can also be set to other values to indicate other types of ranging such as two way ranging (TWR) . The combination of the message ID field and the message type field is used to indicate the subtypes of ranging, such as OWR for DL-TDOA, OWR for AOA mentioned above. When different types of ranging are implemented using the vendor specific OWR compact frame, the type-dependent payload field in the vendor specific OWR compact frame carries parameters corresponding to the type of ranging.
[0269] When an MMS packet follows an OWR message (a message carrying an OWR compact frame) , the OWR message together with the MMS packet is termed an OWR MMS message. This is shown in FIG. 18.
[0270] The One-Way-Ranging (OWR) message type that precedes the MMS packet determines the purpose of the OWR MMS message.
[0271] The vendor specific OWR compact frame (or OWR message) may be transmitted in a NB channel or in a UWB channel. When the vendor specific OWR compact frame is transmitted in the UWB channel (i.e., UWB-driver MMS) , a SYNC+SFD (which is a specific example of the synchronization packet above) may be transmitted prior to the transmission of the first MMS fragment.
[0272] When the vendor specific OWR compact frame is used for AoA, the value of the message type field is set to, e.g., 0x05 (OWR for AoA) . A type dependent payload field of this frame is customized to carry information relevant for AoA such as the number of OWR MMS messages (which is equivalent to the second parameter above) that is transmitted in each ranging round, the time offset (which is equivalent to the inter-packet interval between the first frame and a next first frame or an inter-packet interval between the MMS packet and a next MMS packet) between two consecutive OWR MMS messages in each ranging round etc. The information carried in the type dependent payload field is dependent on the combination of the message ID field and the message type field.
[0273] A discovery phase for OWR for AoA may occur in an OOB channel such as Bluetooth. The initiator may use the OOB channel to advertise relevant information regarding the transmission of OWR MMS messages (also referred to as OWR AoA MMS messages since it is for AoA) , such as the NB channels, the NB channel seed (to compute the NB channel hopping) , NB PHY and MAC configurations and UWB MMS configurations, where the NB channel on which the vendor specific OWR compact frame is transmitted can be determined based on the relevant information. A recipient, upon receiving these information over the OOB channel, may proceed to listen for the OWR MMS messages in the determined relevant NB and UWB channels. Each OWR MMS message is initiated by a vendor specific OWR compact frame for AoA (i.e., the message type field of the vendor specific OWR compact frame is set to 0x05 (OWR for AoA) ) which is followed with an OWR MMS packet. The vendor specific OWR compact frame for AoA (in the type dependent payload field) carry the information relevant for AoA such as the number of OWR MMS messages that is transmitted in each ranging round, the time offset between two consecutive OWR MMS messages in each ranging round etc. The recipient measures the ranging result (i.e., AoA) using one or more of the OWR MMS messages.
[0274] When the vendor specific OWR compact frame is used for DL-TDoA, the message type field is set to one of the values that indicate DL-TDoA:
[0275] 0x02: Initiator OWR for DL-TDOA.
[0276] 0x03: Responder OWR for DL-TDOA;
[0277] 0x04: Initiator final OWR for DL-TDOA.
[0278] In this case, the type dependent payload field of this frame is customized to carry information relevant for DL-TDoA such as a transmission timestamp for the MMS packet, a list of reply time, location of the transmitting nodes (e.g. initiator and responder) , etc., where the reply time refers to the difference between the transmission time of a first MMS packet from a first transmitting node and the transmission time of a second MMS packet from a second transmitting node.
[0279] An OWR MMS message that is initiated with the One-Way-Ranging (OWR) message for DL-TDoA is an OWR DL-TDoA MMS message. Based on the sub-type of the OWR message, these may be further classified as:
[0280] Initiator OWR MMS message;
[0281] Responder OWR MMS message;
[0282] Initiator final OWR MMS message.
[0283] An OOB device (e.g. initiator) may use the OOB (such as Bluetooth) channel to advertise relevant information regarding the transmission of OWR DL-TDoA MMS messages such as the NB channels, the NB channel seed (to compute the NB channel hopping) , NB PHY and MAC configurations and UWB MMS configurations and optionally the location of the DL-TDoA transmitting nodes, where a channel (e.g. NB or UWB channel) on which the vendor specific OWR compact frame is transmitted can be determined based on the relevant information. The OOB device may also be one of the DL-TDoA transmitting nodes (initiator or responder) . In DL-TDoA, the initiator exchanges OWR DL-TDoA MMS messages with one or more responders. A recipient, upon receiving the information over the OOB channel, may proceed to listen for the OWR DL-TDoA MMS messages in the relevant determined NB and UWB channels. Each OWR DL-TDoA MMS message is initiated by a vendor specific OWR compact frame for DL-TDoA (i.e., the message type field of the vendor specific OWR compact frame is set to one of the sub-types for DL-TDoA (0x02, 0x03 or 0x04) ) which is followed with an OWR MMS packet. The vendor specific OWR compact frame for DL-TDoA (in the type dependent payload field) may carry the relevant information for DL-TDoA such as the transmission timestamp for the MMS packet, a list of reply time, locations of the transmitting nodes etc. The recipient measures the ranging result (i.e., TDoA) using the Rx timestamps of one or more of the OWR DL-TDoA MMS Messages as well as other relevant information carried in the messages (e.g., locations of the transmitting nodes etc. ) .
[0284] It should be noted that in the above examples of OWR AoA MMS message and OWR DL-TDoA MMS message, the NB channel is used for transmitting the vendor specific OWR compact frame, and similar principle also applies for the case where the UWB channel is used for transmitting the vendor specific OWR compact frame, except that relevant information for the transmission of the OWR AoA MMS message or OWR DL-TDoA MMS message would be replaced with parameters related to the UWB channel.
[0285] FIG. 19 shows a schematic structural diagram of a wireless communication apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 19, the wireless communication apparatus 1900 may include:
[0286] a receiving module 1901, configured to receive a first frame from a transmitting node, where the first frame carries first information, and the first information indicates transmission of a multi-millisecond (MMS) packet following the transmission of the first frame, where the MMS packet includes more than one MMS fragment; and
[0287] a processing module 1902, configured to perform, according to the first information, one way ranging (OWR) with the more than one MMS fragment.
[0288] In a possible implementation, the first frame further carries a first indication indicating transmission of a synchronization packet, where the synchronization packet provides synchronization information for the receiving node to receive a first MMS fragment among the more than one MMS fragment.
[0289] In a possible implementation, the transmission of the synchronization packet is before the transmission of the first MMS fragment.
[0290] In a possible implementation, the first frame further carries a second indication indicating whether the first indication is present.
[0291] In a possible implementation, the second indication indicates that the first indication is present;
[0292] where the receiving module 1901 is configured to:
[0293] receive the synchronization packet from the transmitting node;
[0294] receive the MMS packet from the transmitting node according to the synchronization information and the first information;
[0295] the processing module 1902 is configured to perform the OWR with the more than one MMS fragment.
[0296] In a possible implementation, the first frame is received on an ultra-wideband (UWB) channel.
[0297] In a possible implementation, the first frame is received on a narrowband (NB) channel, and the first frame further carries synchronization information for the receiving node to receive a first MMS fragment among the more than one MMS fragment.
[0298] In a possible implementation, the first frame further carries a third indication indicative of a type of the first frame.
[0299] In a possible implementation, the third indication is carried in a compact frame ID field of the first frame.
[0300] In a possible implementation, the first frame further carries a fourth indication indicating a type of the OWR, and the first information is associated with the type of the OWR.
[0301] In a possible implementation, the fourth indication indicates that the type of the OWR is a first type of OWR based on a downlink time difference of arrival (DL-TDOA) or a second type of OWR based on an angle of arrival (AoA) .
[0302] In a possible implementation, the fourth indication indicates that the type of the OWR is the first type of OWR based on the DL-TDOA, and the first information includes a timestamp for the transmission of the MMS packet.
[0303] In a possible implementation, the fourth indication indicates that the type of the OWR is the second type of OWR based on the AoA, and the first information includes: an inter-packet interval between the first frame and a next first frame or an inter-packet interval between the MMS packet and a next MMS packet.
[0304] In a possible implementation, the first information further includes at least one of a first parameter or a second parameter;
[0305] where the first parameter is a number of remaining first frames to be transmitted by the transmitting node in a ranging round, or a number of remaining MMS packets to be transmitted by the transmitting node in a ranging round;
[0306] where the second parameter is a total number of first frames to be transmitted by the transmitting node in a ranging round, or a total number of MMS packets to be transmitted by the transmitting node in a ranging round;
[0307] where the ranging round includes transmission of at least one MMS message, and each of the at least one MMS message includes a first frame and a corresponding MMS packet.
[0308] In a possible implementation, the fourth indication is carried in a message control field of the first frame.
[0309] In a possible implementation, the fourth indication includes a message identification carried in a message identification field for indicating the OWR and a message type carried in a message type field for indicating the type of the OWR.
[0310] In a possible implementation, the first frame further carries an identity of a user stipulating a structure of the first frame.
[0311] In a possible implementation, the first frame further carries a public address of the transmitting node as a source address and a broadcast address as a destination address.
[0312] In a possible implementation, the receiving module 1901 is further configured to:
[0313] receive a second frame from the transmitting node, where the second frame carries second information indicating transmission of the first frame; and
[0314] receive the first frame from the transmitting node according to the second information.
[0315] In a possible implementation, the second frame further carries third information indicating the transmission of the MMS packet.
[0316] In a possible implementation, the third information includes:
[0317] an inter-packet interval between the first frame and a next first frame or an inter-packet interval between the MMS packet and a next MMS packet.
[0318] In a possible implementation, the third information further includes:
[0319] at least one of a total number of first frames in a ranging round or a total number of MMS packets in a ranging round, where the ranging round includes transmission of at least one MMS message, and each of the at least one MMS message includes a first frame and a corresponding MMS packet.
[0320] In a possible implementation, the second information carries a public address of the transmitting node as a source address.
[0321] In a possible implementation, the second information further carries an offset between transmission time of the second frame and transmission time of the first frame.
[0322] In a possible implementation, the receiving module 1901 is further configured to:
[0323] receive the second frame on an ultra-wideband (UWB) or a narrowband (NB) channel from the transmitting node.
[0324] In a possible implementation, the receiving module 1901 is further configured to: receive the MMS packet from the transmitting node according to the first information; and
[0325] the processing module 1902 is further configured to perform the OWR with the more than one MMS fragment.
[0326] In a possible implementation, the receiving module 1901 is configured to:
[0327] receive, according to the first information, the MMS packet from the transmitting node on a UWB channel.
[0328] In a possible implementation, the first frame is an OWR compact frame.
[0329] It should be noted that the wireless communication apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can realize all the method steps related to the receiving node in the method embodiments and can achieve the same technical effects, the same parts and beneficial effects between this embodiment and the method embodiments are not repeated here in detail.
[0330] FIG. 20 shows a schematic structural diagram of another wireless communication apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 20, the wireless communication apparatus 2000 may include:
[0331] a transmitting module 2001, configured to transmit a first frame, where the first frame carries first information, and the first information indicates transmission of a multi-millisecond (MMS) packet following the transmission of the first frame, where the MMS packet includes more than one MMS fragment, and the first information is used by a receiving node to perform one way ranging (OWR) with the more than one MMS fragment.
[0332] In a possible implementation, the first frame further carries a first indication indicating transmission of a synchronization packet, where the synchronization packet provides synchronization information for the receiving node to receive a first MMS fragment among the more than one MMS fragment.
[0333] In a possible implementation, the transmission of the synchronization packet is before the transmission of the first MMS fragment.
[0334] In a possible implementation, the first frame further carries a second indication indicating whether the first indication is present.
[0335] In a possible implementation, the second indication indicates that the first indication is present; and the transmitting module 2001 is further configured to:
[0336] transmit the synchronization packet; and
[0337] transmit the MMS packet according to the synchronization information and the first information.
[0338] In a possible implementation, the first frame is transmitted on an ultra-wideband (UWB) channel.
[0339] In a possible implementation, the first frame is transmitted on a narrowband (NB) channel, and the first frame further carries synchronization information for the receiving node to receive a first MMS fragment among the more than one MMS fragment.
[0340] In a possible implementation, the first frame further carries a third indication indicative of a type of the first frame.
[0341] In a possible implementation, the third indication is carried in a compact frame ID field of the first frame.
[0342] In a possible implementation, the first frame further carries a fourth indication indicating a type of the OWR, and the first information is associated with the type of the OWR.
[0343] In a possible implementation, the fourth indication indicates that the type of the OWR is a first type of OWR based on a downlink time difference of arrival (DL-TDOA) or a second type of OWR based on an angle of arrival (AoA) .
[0344] In a possible implementation, the fourth indication indicates that the type of the OWR is the first type of OWR based on the DL-TDOA, and the first information includes a timestamp for the transmission of the MMS packet.
[0345] In a possible implementation, the fourth indication indicates that the type of the OWR is the second type of OWR based on the AoA, and the first information includes:
[0346] an inter-packet interval between the first frame and a next first frame or an inter-packet interval between the MMS packet and a next MMS packet.
[0347] In a possible implementation, the first information further includes at least one of a first parameter or a second parameter;
[0348] where the first parameter is a number of remaining first frames to be transmitted by the transmitting node in a ranging round, or a number of remaining MMS packets to be transmitted by the transmitting node in a ranging round;
[0349] where the second parameter is a total number of first frames to be transmitted by the transmitting node in a ranging round, or a total number of MMS packets to be transmitted by the transmitting node in a ranging round;
[0350] where the ranging round includes transmission of at least one MMS message, and each of the at least one MMS message includes a first frame and a corresponding MMS packet.
[0351] In a possible implementation, the fourth indication is carried in a message control field of the first frame.
[0352] In a possible implementation, the fourth indication includes a message identification carried in a message identification field for indicating the OWR and a message type carried in a message type field for indicating the type of the OWR.
[0353] In a possible implementation, the first frame further carries an identity of a user stipulating a structure of the first frame.
[0354] In a possible implementation, the first frame further carries a public address of the transmitting node as a source address and a broadcast address as a destination address.
[0355] In a possible implementation, the transmitting module 2001 is further configured to:
[0356] transmit a second frame, where the second frame carries second information indicating transmission of the first frame;
[0357] transmit the first frame according to the second information.
[0358] In a possible implementation, the second frame further carries third information indicating the transmission of the MMS packet.
[0359] In a possible implementation, the third information includes:
[0360] an inter-packet interval between the first frame and a next first frame or an inter-packet interval between the MMS packet and a next MMS packet.
[0361] In a possible implementation, the third information further includes:
[0362] at least one of a total number of first frames in a ranging round or a total number of MMS packets in a ranging round, where the ranging round includes transmission of at least one MMS message, and each of the at least one MMS message includes a first frame and a corresponding MMS packet.
[0363] In a possible implementation, the second information carries a public address of the transmitting node as a source address.
[0364] In a possible implementation, the second information further carries an offset between transmission time of the second frame and transmission time of the first frame.
[0365] In a possible implementation, the transmitting module 2001 is configured to:
[0366] transmit the second frame on an ultra-wideband (UWB) or a narrowband (NB) channel.
[0367] In a possible implementation, the transmitting module 2001 is further configured to:
[0368] transmit the MMS packet according to the first information.
[0369] In a possible implementation, the transmitting module 2001 is configured to:
[0370] transmit the MMS packet on a UWB channel according to the first information.
[0371] In a possible implementation, the first frame is an OWR compact frame.
[0372] It should be noted that the wireless communication apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can realize all the method steps related to the transmitting node in the method embodiments and can achieve the same technical effects, the same parts and beneficial effects between this embodiment and the method embodiments are not repeated here in detail.
[0373] It should also be noted that, in the above embodiments of the present disclosure, the functions of the transmitting module and the receiving module may also be implemented by a transceiving module.
[0374] FIG. 21 is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless communication apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the apparatus may be a transmitting node or a receiving node. As shown in FIG. 21, the wireless communication apparatus 2100 includes a processor 2101, an interface 2102 for communicating with other devices, a memory 2103 is coupled to the processor 2101. The memory 2103 may be stored with computer execution instructions, and the processor 2101executes computer execution instructions stored in the memory 2103 to enable the apparatus to execute any of the above wireless communication methods. It should be noted that the memory 2103 may be included or may not be included in the apparatus.
[0375] In some aspects of the present disclosure, there is provided a receiving node including processing circuitry for executing any of the above wireless communication methods. It should be understood that the receiving node can execute the steps performed by the receiving node in the above method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.
[0376] In some aspects of the present disclosure, there is provided a transmitting node including processing circuitry for executing any of the above wireless communication methods. It should be understood that the transmitting node can execute the steps performed by the transmitting node in the above method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.
[0377] In some aspects of the present disclosure, there is provided a wireless communication apparatus which includes a processor and a memory. The memory is storing instructions that cause the processor to perform any of the above wireless communication methods.
[0378] In some aspects of the present disclosure, there is provided a wireless communication system, including a receiving node and a transmitting node. The receiving node is configured to execute the steps executed by the receiving node in any of the above wireless communication methods, and the transmitting node is configured to execute the steps executed by the transmitting node in any of the above wireless communication methods.
[0379] In some aspects of the present disclosure, there is provided a chip, including an input / output (I / O) interface and a processor, where the processor is configured to call and run computer execution instructions stored in a memory, to enable a device installing with the chip to execute any of the above wireless communication methods.
[0380] In some aspects of the present disclosure, there is provided a computer-readable medium storing computer execution instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to execute any of the above wireless communication methods.
[0381] In some aspects of the present disclosure, there is provided a computer program product including computer execution instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to execute any of the above wireless communication methods.
[0382] In some aspects of the present disclosure, there is provided a computer program including computer execution instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to execute any of the above wireless communication methods.
[0383] Although the present disclosure describes methods and processes with steps in a certain order, one or more steps of the methods and processes may be omitted or altered as appropriate. One or more steps may take place in an order other than that in which they are described, as appropriate.
[0384] Note that the expression “at least one of A or B” , as used herein, is interchangeable with the expression “A and / or B” . It refers to a list in which you may select A or B or both A and B. Similarly, “at least one of A, B, or C” , as used herein, is interchangeable with “A and / or B and / or C” or “A, B, and / or C” . It refers to a list in which you may select: A or B or C, or both A and B, or both A and C, or both B and C, or all of A, B and C. The same principle applies for longer lists having a same format.
[0385] Although the present disclosure is described, at least in part, in terms of methods, a person of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the present disclosure is also directed to the various components for performing at least some of the aspects and features of the described methods, be it by way of hardware components, software or any combination of the two. Accordingly, the technical solution of the present disclosure may be embodied in the form of a software product. A suitable software product may be stored in a pre-recorded storage device or other similar non-volatile or non-transitory computer readable medium, including DVDs, CD-ROMs, USB flash disk, a removable hard disk, or other storage media, for example. The software product includes instructions tangibly stored thereon that enable a processing device (e.g., a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute examples of the methods disclosed herein. The machine-executable instructions may be in the form of code sequences, configuration information, or other data, which, when executed, cause a machine (e.g., a processor or other processing device) to perform steps in a method according to examples of the present disclosure.
[0386] The present disclosure may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the subject matter of the claims. The described example embodiments are to be considered in all respects as being only illustrative and not restrictive. Selected features from one or more of the above-described embodiments may be combined to create alternative embodiments not explicitly described, features suitable for such combinations being understood within the scope of this disclosure.
[0387] All values and sub-ranges within disclosed ranges are also disclosed. Also, although the systems, devices and processes disclosed and shown herein may include a specific number of elements / components, the systems, devices and assemblies could be modified to include additional or fewer of such elements / components. For example, although any of the elements / components disclosed may be referenced as being singular, the embodiments disclosed herein could be modified to include a plurality of such elements / components. The subject matter described herein intends to cover and embrace all suitable changes in technology.
[0388] Although embodiments have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, those of skill in the art will appreciate that variations and modifications may be made without departing from the scope thereof as defined by the appended claims.
Claims
1.A wireless communication method implemented by a receiving node, comprising:receiving a first frame from a transmitting node, wherein the first frame carries first information, and the first information indicates transmission of a multi-millisecond (MMS) packet following the transmission of the first frame, wherein the MMS packet comprises more than one MMS fragment; andperforming, according to the first information, one way ranging (OWR) with the more than one MMS fragment.2.The method according to claim 1, further comprising:receiving a second frame from the transmitting node, wherein the second frame carries second information indicating transmission of the first frame;wherein receiving the first frame from the transmitting node comprises:receiving the first frame from the transmitting node according to the second information.3.The method according to claim 2, wherein receiving the second frame from the transmitting node comprises:receiving the second frame on an ultra-wideband (UWB) or a narrowband (NB) channel from the transmitting node.4.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein performing, according to the first information, the OWR with the more than one MMS fragment comprises:receiving the MMS packet from the transmitting node according to the first information;performing the OWR with the more than one MMS fragment.5.The method according to claim 4, wherein receiving the MMS packet from the transmitting node according to the first information comprises:receiving, according to the first information, the MMS packet from the transmitting node on a UWB channel.6.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first frame further carries a first indication indicating transmission of a synchronization packet, wherein the synchronization packet provides synchronization information for the receiving node to receive a first MMS fragment among the more than one MMS fragment.7.The method according to claim 6, wherein the transmission of the synchronization packet is before the transmission of the first MMS fragment.8.The method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the first frame further carries a second indication indicating whether the first indication is present.9.The method according to claim 8, wherein the second indication indicates that the first indication is present;wherein performing, according to the first information, the OWR with the more than one MMS fragment comprises:receiving the synchronization packet from the transmitting node;receiving the MMS packet from the transmitting node according to the synchronization information and the first information;performing the OWR with the more than one MMS fragment.10.A wireless communication method implemented by a transmitting node, comprising:transmitting a first frame, wherein the first frame carries first information, and the first information indicates transmission of a multi-millisecond (MMS) packet following the transmission of the first frame, wherein the MMS packet comprises more than one MMS fragment, and the first information is used by a receiving node to perform one way ranging (OWR) with the more than one MMS fragment.11.The method according to claim 10, further comprising:transmitting a second frame, wherein the second frame carries second information indicating transmission of the first frame;wherein transmitting the first frame comprises:transmitting the first frame according to the second information.12.The method according to claim 11, wherein transmitting the second frame comprises:transmitting the second frame on an ultra-wideband (UWB) or a narrowband (NB) channel.13.The method according to any one of claims 10 to 12, further comprising:transmitting the MMS packet according to the first information.14.The method according to claim 13, wherein transmitting the MMS packet according to the first information comprises:transmitting the MMS packet on a UWB channel according to the first information.15.The method according to any one of claims 10 to 14, wherein the first frame further carries a first indication indicating transmission of a synchronization packet, wherein the synchronization packet provides synchronization information for the receiving node to receive a first MMS fragment among the more than one MMS fragment.16.The method according to claim 15, wherein the transmission of the synchronization packet is before transmission of the first MMS fragment.17.The method according to claim 15 or 16, wherein the first frame further carries a second indication indicating whether the first indication is present.18.The method according to claim 17, wherein the second indication indicates that the first indication is present; and the method further comprises:transmitting the synchronization packet; andtransmitting the MMS packet according to the synchronization information and the first information.19.The method according to any one of claims 2, 3, 11 and 12, wherein the second frame further carries third information indicating the transmission of the MMS packet.20.The method according to claim 19, wherein the third information comprises:an inter-packet interval between the first frame and a next first frame or an inter-packet interval between the MMS packet and a next MMS packet.21.The method according to claim 20, wherein the third information further comprises:at least one of a total number of first frames in a ranging round or a total number of MMS packets in a ranging round, wherein the ranging round comprises transmission of at least one MMS message, and each of the at least one MMS message comprises a first frame and a corresponding MMS packet.22.The method according to any one of claims 2, 3, 11, 12, 19, 20 and 21, wherein the second information carries a public address of the transmitting node as a source address.23.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 22, wherein the transmission of the first frame is on an UWB channel.24.The method according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14, wherein the transmission of the first frame is on a NB channel, and the first frame further carries synchronization information for the receiving node to receive a first MMS fragment among the more than one MMS fragment.25.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 24, wherein the first frame further carries a third indication indicative of a type of the first frame.26.The method according to claim 25, wherein the third indication is carried in a compact frame ID field of the first frame.27.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 26, wherein the first frame further carries a fourth indication indicating a type of the OWR, and the first information is associated with the type of the OWR.28.The method according to claim 27, wherein the fourth indication indicates that the type of the OWR is a first type of OWR based on a downlink time difference of arrival (DL-TDOA) or a second type of OWR based on an angle of arrival (AoA) .29.The method according to claim 28, wherein the fourth indication indicates that the type of the OWR is the first type of OWR based on the DL-TDOA, and the first information comprises a timestamp for the transmission of the MMS packet.30.The method according to claim 29, wherein the fourth indication indicates that the type of the OWR is the second type of OWR based on the AoA, and the first information comprises:an inter-packet interval between the first frame and a next first frame or an inter-packet interval between the MMS packet and a next MMS packet.31.The method according to claim 30, wherein the first information further comprises at least one of a first parameter or a second parameter;wherein the first parameter is a number of remaining first frames to be transmitted by the transmitting node in a ranging round, or a number of remaining MMS packets to be transmitted by the transmitting node in a ranging round;wherein the second parameter is a total number of first frames to be transmitted by the transmitting node in a ranging round, or a total number of MMS packets to be transmitted by the transmitting node in a ranging round;wherein the ranging round comprises transmission of at least one MMS message, and each of the at least one MMS message comprises a first frame and a corresponding MMS packet.32.The method according to any one of claims 27 to 31, wherein the fourth indication is carried in a message control field of the first frame.33.The method according to any one of claims 27 to 31, wherein the fourth indication comprises a message identification carried in a message identification field for indicating the OWR and a message type carried in a message type field for indicating the type of the OWR.34.The method according to claim 33, wherein the first frame further carries an identity of a user stipulating a structure of the first frame.35.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 34, wherein the first frame further carries a public address of the transmitting node as a source address and a broadcast address as a destination address.36.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 35, wherein the first frame is an OWR compact frame.37.A wireless communication apparatus, comprising at least one processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores instructions that cause the at least one processor to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 36.38.A computer-readable medium storing computer execution instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 36.39.A chip, comprising an input / output (I / O) interface and a processor, wherein the processor is configured to call and run a computer program stored in a memory, to enable a device installing with the chip to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 36.
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