Enhanced event based beam reporting

Abstract

Enhanced event-based beam reporting is provided. A method for enhanced event-based beam reporting may include performing a first measurement related to one or more reference signals of one or more cells based on a received configuration. The received configuration may include one or more reporting conditions for measurement reporting. The method may also include storing information related to the first measurement and performing the measurement reporting by transmitting, to a network entity, a first report based on satisfying the one or more reporting conditions of the configuration. The first report may be based, at least in part, on the information related to the first measurement.

Description

ENHANCED EVENT BASED BEAM REPORTINGTECHNICAL FIELD:

[0001] Some example embodiments may generally relate to mobile or wireless telecommunication systems, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) or fifth generation (5G) new radio (NR) access technology, or 5G beyond, or other communications systems. For example, certain example embodiments may relate to enhanced event-based beam reporting.BACKGROUND:

[0002] Examples of mobile or wireless telecommunication systems may include the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN), Long Term Evolution (LTE) Evolved UTRAN (E-UTRAN), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), MulteFire, LTE-A Pro, fifth generation (5G) radio access technology or new radio (NR) access technology, and / or sixth generation (6G) radio access technology. 5G and 6G wireless systems refer to the next generation (NG) of radio systems and network architecture. 5G and 6G network technology are mostly based on new radio (NR) technology, but the 5G (or NG) network can also build on E- UTRAN radio. It is estimated that NR may provide bitrates on the order of 10- 20 Gbit / s or higher and may support at least enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) and ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) as well as massive machine-type communication (mMTC). NR is expected to deliver extreme broadband and ultra-robust, low-latency connectivity and massive networking to support the Internet of Things (loT).SUMMARY:

[0003] Various exemplary embodiments may provide an apparatus includingat least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform a first measurement related to one or more reference signals of one or more cells based on a received configuration. The received configuration may include one or more reporting conditions for measurement reporting. The apparatus may also be caused to store information related to the first measurement and perform the measurement reporting by transmitting, to a network entity, a first report based on satisfying the one or more reporting conditions of the configuration. The first report may be based, at least in part, on the information related to the first measurement.

[0004] Certain exemplary embodiments may provide an apparatus including at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to configure a configuration comprising one or more reporting conditions for measurement reporting and transmit, to a user device, the configuration for measurement reporting to be performed by the user device. The apparatus may also be caused to receive, from the user device, at least a first report based on the one or more reporting conditions of the configuration being satisfied. The first report may be based, at least in part, on information related to a first measurement related to one or more reference signals of one or more cells.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS:

[0005] For proper understanding of example embodiments, reference should be made to the accompanying drawings, as follows:

[0006] FIG. 1 A illustrates an example of a signal flow diagram for one or more LTM procedures;

[0007] FIG. IB illustrates an example of another signal flow diagram for one or more LTM procedures;

[0008] FIG. 1 C illustrates an example of a further signal flow diagram for oneor more LTM procedures;

[0009] FIG. 2A illustrates an example of a signal flow diagram, according to various exemplary embodiments;

[0010] FIG. 2B illustrates an example of another signal flow diagram, according to certain exemplary embodiments;

[0011] FIG. 2C illustrates an example of a further signal flow diagram, according to some exemplary embodiments;

[0012] FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a flow diagram of a method, according to certain exemplary embodiments;

[0013] FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a flow diagram of another method, according to some exemplary embodiments; and

[0014] FIG. 5 illustrates a set of apparatuses, according to various exemplary embodiments.DETAILED DESCRIPTION:

[0015] It will be readily understood that the components of certain example embodiments, as generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. The following is a detailed description of some exemplary embodiments of systems, methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer program products for enhanced event-based beam reporting. Although the devices discussed below and shown in the figures refer to 6G / 5G or Next Generation NodeB (gNB) devices and UE devices, this disclosure is not limited to only gNBs and UEs.

[0016] It may be readily understood that the components of certain example embodiments, as generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Different reference designations from multiple figures may be used out of sequence in the description, to refer to a same element to illustrate theirfeatures or functions. If desired, the different functions or procedures discussed herein may be performed in a different order and / or concurrently with each other. Furthermore, if desired, one or more of the described functions or procedures may be optional or may be combined. As such, the following description should be considered as illustrative of the principles and teachings of certain example embodiments, and not in limitation thereof.

[0017] 3rdGeneration Partnership Project (3GPP) may provide specifications to define Layer 1 (LI) and Layer 2 (L2) based inter-cell mobility, which may be referred to as L1 / L2 triggered mobility (LTM). A target cell may refer to a candidate cell which is selected for the UE for handover based on an LTM decision and may become the serving cell for the UE after the cell switch. The terms serving cell and serving distributed unit (DU) and serving central unit(CU) may be used interchangeably, and the target cell, target DU and target CU may be used interchangeably herein. An LTM procedure may provide, for example, four phases including a preparation phase, an early downlink(DL) and / or uplink (UL) synchronization phase, an execution phase, and a completion phase.

[0018] In the preparation phase, a serving centralized unit (CU) may identify potential target cells based on Layer 3 (L3) measurement reports, prepare the target cells and share / provide target cell configurations with a UE. In the UL / DL synchronization phase, the serving DU may request or inquire the UE to perform timing advance (TA) acquisition for a specific target cell for UL synchronization using, for example, LI measurements. In the execution phase, the serving DU may determine or select, based on the LI measurements, the target cell and may request that the UE to switch to the selected target cell using a cell switch command. The UE may then switch to the target cell and may start receiving or transmitting data on the target cell. In the completion phase, a UE context may be released from the prepared cells or the UE context may not be released and instead may be used for dynamicswitching.

[0019] FIGs. 1A-1C illustrate signal flow diagrams for one or more LTM procedures. The LTM procedures may be performed by a configuration of a UE 101, a source DU 102, a target DU 103, and a CU 104. Procedures 110- 121 may be a preparation phase. At 110, the UE 101 may provide an L3 measurement report to the source DU 102, and at 111 , the source DU 102 may transfer, to the CU 104, aUL radio resource control (RRC) message including an L3 measurement report. At 112, the CU 104 may perform a handover (HO) decision based on the L3 measurement report and may decide on cell preparation. At 113, the CU 104 may provide a UE context setup request to the target DU 103. At 114, the target DU 103 may provide a UE context setup response message to the CU 104, and at 115, the CU 104 may provide a UE context modification request to the source DU 102. The UE context modification request may include target cell information, such as the target cell channel state information (CSI), TCI states to be used in LTM, and / or the like. At 116, the source DU 102 may provide a UE context modification response message, as maybe defined by 3 GPP specifications, to the CU 104.

[0020] At 117, the CU 104 may generate an RRC reconfiguration based on, for example, a measurement configuration of LI cell change and a configuration of prepared cells. At 118, the CU 104 may transfer a DL RRC message to the source DU 102, and at 119, the source DU 102 may provide an RRC reconfiguration message to the UE 101. At 120, the UE 101 may provide an RRC reconfiguration complete message to the source DU 102, and at 121, the source DU 102 may transfer a UL RRC message to the CU 104.

[0021] Procedures 122-129 may be an execution phase. At 122, the UE 101 may provide an LI measurement report to the source DU 102, and at 123, the source DU 102 may decide to perform a timing advance (TA) acquisition based on the LI measurement report. At 124, the UE 101, the source DU 102, the target DU 103, and the CU 104 may perform a TA acquisition procedure.The source DU 102 may trigger the UE 104 to acquire a TA for a set of candidate cells (e.g., candidate cells for the handover target cell).

[0022] At 125, the UE 101 may provide an LI measurement report to the source DU 102, and at 126, the source DU 102 may decide to perform a serving cell change (e.g., handover) to a new cell (e.g., target cell) of the target DU 103 based on the LI measurement report received from the UE 101. At127, the source DU 102 may trigger cell switch using a cell switch command message, such as a MAC CE trigger cell change message to the UE 101. The MAC CE trigger cell change message may include a TA for the target cell. At128, the UE 101 and the target DU 103 may perform a random access (RA) procedure to the target cell if TA is not available at the UE side or MAC CE command did not include the TA value of the target cell, and the UE 101 may provide an RRC reconfiguration complete message to the target DU 103. At129, the target DU 103 may transfer a UL RRC message to the CU 104, and at 130, the CU 104 may provide a UE context release command message to the source DU 102. At 131, the source DU 102 may provide a UE context release complete message to the CU 104. At 132, the source DU 102, the target DU 103, and the CU 104 may perform a path switch.

[0023] 3 GPP may provide specifications aimed at measurement related enhancements applicable to intra-CU LTM and inter-CU LTM, and to support event triggered LI measurement reporting. Enhancements may be specified to facilitate UE-initiated / event-driven beam management for reducing overhead and / or latency, assuming the unified TCI while leveraging legacy CSI measurement and reporting configuration frameworks targeting FR2 and single transmission / reception point (sTRP) or multi-TRP with intra- and intercell beam management. Conventionally defined events may not be optimal in terms of the uplink resource(s) used for reporting. The conventional techniques may also have poor UE energy consumption due to UE reporting unnecessary measurement results, without providing useful informationcompared to already reported values.

[0024] Various exemplary embodiments may provide technological advantages to implement one or more procedures to define new event-based measurement reporting which is triggered based on previously reported measurement(s) which may save UL resources and UE transmit power. Some exemplary embodiments may provide that the event-based measurement reporting condition, which may be designed for LI beam reporting, as well as other layer beam reporting. The UE may be configured to trigger a new measurement report and send the new measurement report, when it is possible that a predefined part of the new measurement is different from the previous, already reported measurement report / result.

[0025] Certain exemplary embodiments may provide a network entity (NW) that can configure the UE with a new event based LI beam reporting configuration, which may include, for example, an entering condition for an event to be satisfied, which may trigger the start of measurement reporting. The event based LI beam reporting configuration may also include one or a set of conditions for continuous reporting, which may be defined based on a difference between a new measurement and one or more previously reported measurements. The event based LI beam reporting configuration may also include one or more leaving conditions for the event, which trigger the end of the measurement reporting. Some exemplary embodiments may provide that the UE may perform the measurement and upon satisfying the entering conditions, the UE may trigger initial measurement reporting. After at least one successful reporting of the measurement, the UE may store the reported measurements or may update the stored measurements with measurement related information to include both updated measurements and reported results, which may differ from from measurement results. The stored / updated measurements may be used to compare to one or more future measurements. Upon performing a new measurement, the UE may compare the newmeasurement results with the reported measurement results. When the result of the comparison satisfies at least one reporting condition, the UE may trigger a new measurement report using the new measurement results.

[0026] Various exemplary embodiments may provide that the network may configure an RRC connected UE to perform the measurement and send the measurement, when needed, based on event-based criterion. For example, the network may configure the UE to report the measurements when an entering or reporting condition is satisfied in accordance with the measurement configuration or the UE may be configured to perform conditional reconfiguration evaluation in accordance with a conditional reconfiguration. The measurement configuration may be provided to the UE by, for example, dedicated signaling, such as by using the parameters of RRCReconfiguration or RRCSetup / Resume.

[0027] The network may configure the UE to report the various measurement information based on synchronization signal block(s) (SSB) or physical broadcast channel (PBCH) block(s) or channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) resources. For example, the measurement results may be reported per SS / PBCH block or CSI-RS, such as absolute values of measurement results, differential measurement values with respect to measurement values in the current measurement report, or measurement values compared to the previous measurement report of the same measurement type. The measurement results reported per SS / PBCH block or CSI-RS may include measurement values compared to the configured weighted average of the n-previous reports of the same measurement type, or measurement values compared to the previous measurement report(s) of the same reporting configuration or another measurement type which is performed over a different reference signal. One example of different measurement type may be when the UE is configured to perform the measurement on both SSB and CSI-RS resources and the UE reports an event-based measurement result on CSI-RS if they are different compared to already reported quasi co-location Type D (QCL-D) SSBs. Another example may be when the UE is configured with both L3 and LI measurements, then the UE may report the LI measurement when the measurements are different, as defined by the conditions, from the already reported L3 measurements.

[0028] Some exemplary embodiments may provide that the network may configure the UE to report the various measurement information based on measurement results per cell based on SS / PBCH block(s) / CSI-RS resources, or to report power headroom results per SS / PBCH block / CSI-RS, or to report indications of SS / PBCH block(s) / CSI-RS indexes associated with the measurements.

[0029] Various exemplary embodiments may provide that the measurement configuration may include measurement objects, one or more reporting configurations, one or more measurement identities, quantity configurations, and / or measurement gaps. The measurement objects may be a list of objects on which the UE may perform measurements. For example, for intrafrequency and inter-frequency measurements, a measurement object may indicate a frequency / time location, resource sets containing indices of beams (e.g., SSBs / CSI-RSs) and / or subcarrier spacing of reference signals to be measured. The network may, associated with the measurement object(s), configure a list of cell / beam specific offsets, a list of exclude-listed cells / beams and a list of allow-listed cells / beams.

[0030] Some exemplary embodiments may provide that the reporting configuration(s) may be a list of reporting configurations where there can be one or multiple reporting configurations per measurement object. Each measurement reporting configuration may include one or more of reporting criterion, RS type, reporting format, and / or execution criteria. For example, the reporting criterion may be one or more criterion that triggers the UE to send a measurement report, as an event-based measurement reporting. As anexample of the RS type, the RS may be an RS which the UE may use for beam and cell measurement results (e.g., SS / PBCH block or CSI-RS). The reporting format, for example, may define the quantities per cell and per beam that the UE includes in the measurement report (e.g., RSRP) and other associated information, such as the maximum number of cells and the maximum number beams per cell to report.

[0031] Certain exemplary embodiments may provide that, when a conditional reconfiguration is performed, each configuration may include an execution criterion which the UE may use for conditional reconfiguration execution. Each configuration may also, or alternatively, include an RS type in which the RS may be used by the UE for obtaining beam and cell measurement results (e.g., SS / PBCH block-based or CSI-RS-based), and / or used for evaluating a conditional reconfiguration execution condition.

[0032] Some exemplary embodiments may provide that for measurement reporting, a list of measurement identities where each measurement identity may link at least one measurement object with one reporting configuration. The quantity configuration may define a measurement filtering configuration used for all event evaluation and related reporting and for periodical reporting of the measurement. For NR measurements, the network may configure up to two quantity configurations with a reference in the NR measurement object to the configuration that is to be used. In each configuration, different filter coefficients may be configured for different measurement quantities, for different RS types, and for measurements per cell and per beam. The measurement gaps may be periods of time in which the UE may use to perform measurements.

[0033] Various exemplary embodiments may provide that a network may provide the UE with entering conditions (e.g., for the first measurement report). For example, the entering conditions may be defined based on the L3 measurement results, such as K best beams of M best cells or L beams fromeach of M best (or predefined ) cells which have quality (e.g., RSRP / RSRQ / SINR) above a certain threshold. As another example, the entering conditions may be defined based on the LI measurement results, such as K best beams of M best cells or L beams from each of M best (or predefined) cells which have quality (e.g., RSRP / RSRQ / SINR) above a certain threshold. As a further example, the entering conditions may use an offset above the serving cell / beam quality. The UE may be configured with a time to trigger value for the entering condition for LI measurement, or a time to trigger for continuous reporting.

[0034] Various exemplary embodiments may be a network which provides the UE with conditions for continuous reporting. For example, the UE may trigger a new reporting, when the new beam measurements (or values to be reported) are above and / or below a predefined threshold as compared to the previous reported values (when change in measurement > |X| dB). Some exemplary embodiments may provide that the UE may trigger a new reporting, if the new beam measurements (or values to be reported) of the K best (with the highest measured value) beams (out of N beams that can be reported in the measurement report) satisfy the criteria (e.g., are above a predefined threshold compared to the previous reported values). Certain exemplary embodiments may provide that the UE triggers a new reporting, if the new beam measurements (or values to be reported) satisfy the criteria for at least K beams (out of N beams that can be reported in the measurement report), (e.g., at least K beams are above a predefined threshold compared to the previous reported values). As another example, the UE may trigger a new reporting, if the new measurement identifies L beams which are above a certain threshold (with respect to a defined value, serving cell beams or other measured / reported beams) and there was no previous reporting of these beams.

[0035] Certain exemplary embodiments may provide that the UE may be configured to report a new measurement when the difference between two newmeasured beams (e.g., first and second best quality beams) falls below / above a certain threshold compared to the difference between two measured beams (e.g., first and second best beam) in the previous report. Some exemplary embodiments may provide that the UE may be configured with a set of time thresholds and threshold values. The UE may then trigger reporting when, for at least one of beams, the difference of the measured values (e.g., previous measurement which is reported and new measurement) during a certain time threshold exceeds the corresponding threshold value. Certain exemplary embodiments may provide that the UE may be configured to compare the measurement with another already reported measurement. For example, the UE may compare and may trigger CSI-RS reporting when the measured CSI- RS beam values are different (as determined based on the predefined threshold) from already reported SSB beams that are QCL-D with CSI-RS beams. When the results of beam measurement after the UE receives beam refinement (e.g., CSI-RS beam measurement withrepetitionon) is above (a certain threshold) compared to beam measurement without UE Rx beam refinement. The new measurement results may include the new measured values, or it could include the delta (difference) values with respect to the previous measurement report. The UE may be configured with a maximum number of reports during a predefined time.

[0036] Various exemplary embodiments may provide that the UE may trigger a new reporting when the new beam measurements (values to be reported) of specific beams or beams of specific cells are above / below a predefined threshold as compared to the previous reported values to satisfy that the difference in measurement values > |X| dB. For example, the UE may trigger the new measurement reporting when the measurements of the beams / cells with activated TCI states are above / below a predefined threshold as compared to the previous reported values (when change in measurement values > |X| dB). As another example, the UE may trigger the new measurement reportingwhen the measurements of the cells (or beams of the cells) for which a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) ordered physical random access channel (PRACH) transmission has been performed or UE-based TA estimation has been performed are above / below a predefined threshold compared to the previous reported values (when change in measurement values > |X| dB).

[0037] Some exemplary embodiments may provide that the UE may trigger a new reporting, when the new beam measurements of specific beams or beams of specific cells are above / below a predefined threshold compared to a configured weighted average of the n-previous reported values, such as the change in measurement values with respect to the weighted average > |X| dB. Certain exemplary embodiments may provide that a definition of the weighted average includes weighting coefficients to each of the n-previous report, with n ranging from one to n max. For example, the weighted average may be defined as Equation (1) as follows: x_l * n_l + x_2 * n_2 + ... x_n_max * n max (1)

[0038] Where n_i denotes the i-th previously reported value. Some exemplary embodiments may provide that calculating the weighted average is defined at the network and may be provided to the UE as part of the conditions for continuous reporting. The UE may indicate requests to update the formula to calculate the weighted average based on UE-observed conditions (e.g., UE capabilities or updates on the observed radio conditions).

[0039] The network may provide the UE with leaving conditions (the last measurement report). The leaving conditions may be criteria which triggers a new measurement (or triggers an RRC reconfiguration). The leaving condition may be RSRP values of all beams configured for measurement or some specific beams / cells (e.g., with active TCI states or TA acquisition status) below a certain threshold. The leaving condition may also be exceeding a maximum N number of report. After satisfying the leavingcondition, the last report includes one bit which may inclined this is the final report. The network may decide to stop the event based report then MAC level indication will be needed. Various exemplary embodiments may reduce the overhead and energy of unnecessary reporting.

[0040] FIGs. 2A-2C illustrate examples of signal flow diagrams of a method for management of LTM and event-based measurement reporting, according to various exemplary embodiments. One or more LTM procedures may be performed by a configuration of a UE 201, a source DU 202, a target DU 203, and a CU 204. Procedures 210-221 may be a preparation phase. At 210, the UE 201 may provide an L3 measurement report to the source DU 202, and at 211, the source DU 202 may transfer, to the CU 204, a UL radio resource control (RRC) message including an L3 measurement report. At 212, the CU 204 may perform a handover (HO) decision based on the L3 measurement report and may decide on cell preparation. At 213, the CU 204 may provide a UE context setup request to the target DU 203. At 214, the target DU 203 may provide a UE context setup response message to the CU 204, and at 215, the CU 204 may provide a UE context modification request to the source DU 202. The UE context modification request may include target cell information, such as the target cell CSI, TCI states to be used in LTM, and / or the like. At 216, the source DU 202 may provide a UE context modification response message to the CU 204.

[0041] At 217, the CU 204 may generate an RRC reconfiguration based on, for example, an event based on an LI measurement and reporting configuration for cell change, which may be based on previous LI measurement reports, and based on a configuration of prepared cells. At 218, the CU 204 may transfer a DL RRC message to the source DU 202, and at 219, the source DU 202 may provide an RRC reconfiguration message to the UE 201. At 220, the UE 201 may provide an RRC reconfiguration complete message to the source DU 202, and at 221, the source DU 202 may transfer aUL RRC message to the CU 204.

[0042] Procedures 222-233 may be an execution phase. At 222, the UE 201 may perform one or more measurements of one or more cells or beams and may evaluate an entering condition for an initial LI reporting. At 223, the UE 201 may provide an LI measurement report to the source DU 202, and at 224, the UE 201 may store reported measurement values for evaluation in a next report. At 225, the source DU 202 may decide to perform a timing advance (TA) acquisition based on the LI measurement report. At 226, the UE 201, the source DU 202, the target DU 203, and the CU 204 may perform a TA acquisition procedure. The source DU 202 may trigger the UE 204 to acquire a TA for a set of candidate cells (e.g., candidate cells for the handover target cell).

[0043] At 227, the UE 201 may perform another measurement of one or more cells or beams, and at 228, the UE 201 may compare the current measurements with previously reported values and reports. The UE 201 may also determine if the comparison of the measurements satisfies reporting criteria. At 229, the UE 201 may provide an LI measurement report to the source DU 102 when at least one reporting criteria is satisfied. At 230, the source DU 202 may decide to perform a serving cell change based on deciding that the UE 201 has performed the handover to a new cell (e.g., target cell) of the target DU 203. At 231, the source DU 102 may trigger cell switch using a cell switch command message, such as a MAC CE trigger cell change message to the UE 201. The MAC CE trigger cell change message may include a TA for the target cell. At 232, the UE 201 and the target DU 203 may perform an RA procedure to the target cell and may provide an RRC reconfiguration complete message to the target DU 203. At 233, the target DU 203 may transfer a UL RRC message to the CU 204. Procedures 234-236 may be a completion phase. At 234, the CU 204 may provide a UE context release command message to the source DU 202. At 235, the source DU 202 may provide a UE contextrelease complete message to the CU 204. At 236, the source DU 202, the target DU 203, and the CU 204 may perform a path switch.

[0044] FIG. 3 illustrates an example flow diagram of a method, according to certain exemplary embodiments. In an example embodiment, the method of FIG. 3 may be performed by an apparatus in a 3 GPP system, such as LTE, 5G-NR, or 6G. For instance, in an exemplary embodiment, the method of FIG. 3 may be performed by a user device, mobile device or the like, such as a UE, similar to apparatus 510 illustrated in FIG. 5.

[0045] According to various exemplary embodiments, the method of FIG. 3 may include, at 310, performing a first measurement related to one or more reference signals of one or more cells based on a received configuration. The received configuration may include one or more reporting conditions for measurement reporting. At 320, the method may include storing information related to the first measurement, and at 330, performing the measurement reporting by transmitting, to a network entity, a first report based on satisfying the one or more reporting conditions of the configuration. The first report may be based, at least in part, on the information related to the first measurement.

[0046] Some exemplary embodiments may provide receiving, from the network entity, the configuration comprising the one or more reporting conditions. The one or more reporting conditions may include a set of conditions for continuous measurement reporting. The method may also include performing a second measurement related to one or more reference signals of the one or more cells based on the received configuration, storing information related to the second measurement, determining a difference between at least a subset of the first measurement and at least a subset of the second measurement, or a difference between the first report and a second report, and transmitting, to the network entity, the second report based on the determined difference. The one or more reporting conditions may include one or more thresholds for the determined difference between the firstmeasurement and the second measurement, or a difference between the first report and a second report, and the second report is transmitted upon the determined difference exceeding the one or more thresholds.

[0047] Certain exemplary embodiments may provide information related to at least one of the first measurement or the second measurement is stored and compared to one or more future measurements of the one or more cells. The first measurement may be performed when at least one entering condition is satisfied within a predefined period of time or a predefined number of samples have been obtained. The at least one entering condition may be based on at least one of layer-3 measurements or information related to the layer-3 measurements, layer- 1 measurements or information related to the layer- 1 measurements, or an offset value for a quality of a serving cell or a beam.

[0048] The one or more reporting conditions may include at least one of a difference between a new report and one or more previous reports, including the first report, a difference between one or more new measurements and one or more measurements previously included in one or more reports, including the first report, are above a predefined threshold, a difference between one or more new measurements of at least one beam or cell is above a predefined threshold as compared to the one or more measurements previously included in one or more reports, a difference between one or more new measurements of a set plurality of beams is above a predefined threshold as compared to the one or more measurements previously included in one or more reports for the set plurality of beams, one or more new measurements are performed for at least one new beam which previously was not included in one or more reports, including the first report, or a difference between one or more new measurements of at least two beams as compared to a difference between one or more measurements previously included in one or more reports are above a predefined threshold.

[0049] Various exemplary embodiments may provide one or more timethresholds or a predefined period of time that may be configured in which the one or more reporting conditions are to be satisfied in order to trigger the measurement reporting. The measurement reporting may be terminated in response to satisfying one or more leaving conditions: transmitting a set maximum number of reports, exceeding a threshold for reference signal quality for at least part of the measurement, receiving an indication from a network, or satisfying a criteria which triggers a new measurement, new type of measurement reporting, or a reconfiguration. The method may include when the leaving condition is satisfied, transmitting, to the network entity, one bit indicating that the measurement reporting has terminated. The one or more new measurements may include newly measured values or may include the difference value between the one or more new measurements and the one or more measurements previously included in one or more reports. When difference value between the one or more new measurements and the one or more measurements previously included in one or more reports is above a threshold, a maximum number of reports may be set for a defined time period.

[0050] FIG. 4 illustrates an example flow diagram of a method, according to certain exemplary embodiments. In an example embodiment, the method of FIG. 4 may be performed by an apparatus in a 3 GPP system, such as LTE, 5G-NR, or 6G. For instance, in an exemplary embodiment, the method of FIG. 4 may be performed by a network entity, such as a DU, similar to apparatus 520 illustrated in FIG. 5.

[0051] According to various exemplary embodiments, the method of FIG. 4 may include, at 410, configuring a configuration comprising one or more reporting conditions for measurement reporting, and at 420, transmitting, to a user device, the configuration for measurement reporting to be performed by the user device. The method may also include, at 430, receiving, from the user device, at least a first report based on the one or more reporting conditions of the configuration being satisfied. The first report may be based, at least inpart, on information related to a first measurement related to one or more reference signals of one or more cells.

[0052] Certain exemplary embodiments may provide that the method includes receiving, from the user device, a second report including a second measurement based on a difference between the first and the second measurements satisfying the one or more reporting conditions. The one or more reporting conditions may include one or more thresholds for the determined difference between the first measurement and the second measurement, or a difference between the first report and a second report, and the second report is received from the user device upon the determined difference exceeding the one or more thresholds. The configuration may include at least one entering condition for performing the first measurement within a predefined period of time or a predefined number of samples. The at least one entering condition may be based on at least one of layer-3 measurements or information related to the layer-3 measurements, layer- 1 measurements or information related to the layer- 1 measurements, or an offset value for a quality of a serving cell or a beam.

[0053] Some exemplary embodiments may provide that the one or more reporting conditions comprise at least one of a difference between a new report and one or more previous reports, including the first report, a difference between one or more new measurements and one or more measurements previously included in one or more reports, including the first report, are above a predefined threshold, a difference between one or more new measurements of at least one beam or cell is above a predefined threshold as compared to the one or more measurements previously included in one or more reports, a difference between one or more new measurements of a set plurality of beams is above a predefined threshold as compared to the one or more measurements previously included in one or more reports for the set plurality of beams, one or more new measurements are performed for at least one new beam whichpreviously was not included in one or more reports, including the first report, or a difference between one or more new measurements of at least two beams as compared to a difference between one or more measurements previously included in one or more reports are above a predefined threshold. The configuration may include one or more time thresholds or a predefined period of time for the user device in which the one or more reporting conditions are to be satisfied in order to trigger the measurement reporting.

[0054] Various exemplary embodiments may provide the configuration comprises one or more leaving conditions which, when satisfied, terminate measurement reporting. The one or more leaving conditions may include: a set maximum number of reports, a threshold for reference signal quality for at least part of the measurement, an indication from a network, or a criteria which triggers a new measurement, new type of measurement reporting, or a reconfiguration. The method may include, when the leaving condition is satisfied, receiving, from the user device, one bit indicating that the measurement reporting has terminated. The one or more new measurements may include newly measured values or include the difference value between the one or more new measurements and the one or more measurements previously included in one or more reports. When a difference value between the one or more new measurements and the one or more measurements previously included in one or more reports is above a threshold, a maximum number of reports may be set for a defined time period.

[0055] FIG. 5 illustrates a set of apparatuses 510, 520, and 530 according to various exemplary embodiments. In the various exemplary embodiments, the apparatus 510 may be an element in a communications network or a network entity, such as a CU. For example, CU 403 according to various exemplary embodiments discussed above may be an example of apparatus 510. It should be noted that one of ordinary skill in the art would understand that apparatus 510 may include components or features not shown in FIG. 5. Further,apparatus 520 may be an element in a communications network or a network entity, such as a DU. For example, target candidate DU 404 according to various exemplary embodiments discussed above may be examples of apparatus 520. It should be noted that one of ordinary skill in the art would understand that apparatus 520 may include components or features not shown in FIG. 5. In addition, apparatus 530 may be an element in a communications network or network entity, such as UE, RedCap UE, SL UE, mobile equipment (ME), mobile station, mobile device, stationary device, loT device, or other device. For example, UE 401 according to various exemplary embodiments discussed above may be an example of apparatus 530. It should be noted that one of ordinary skill in the art would understand that apparatus 530 may include components or features not shown in FIG. 5.

[0056] In some example embodiments, apparatuses 510, 520 and / or 530 may include one or more processors, one or more computer-readable storage medium (for example, memory, storage, or the like), one or more radio access components (for example, a modem, a transceiver, or the like), and / or a user interface. In some example embodiments, apparatuses 510, 520 and / or 530 may be configured to operate using one or more radio access technologies, such as GSM, LTE, LTE-A, NR, 5G, WLAN, WiFi, NB-IoT, Bluetooth, NFC, MulteFire, and / or any other radio access technologies.

[0057] As illustrated in the example of FIG. 5, apparatuses 510, 520 and / or 530 may include or be coupled to processors 512, 522, and 532, respectively, for processing information and executing instructions or operations. Processors 512, 522, and 532 may be any type of general or specific purpose processor. In fact, processors 512, 522, and 532 may include one or more of general-purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), and processors based on a multi-core processor architecture, as examples. While a single processor 512(and 522 / 532) for each of apparatuses 510, 520 and / or 530 is shown in FIG. 5, multiple processors may be utilized according to other example embodiments. For example, it should be understood that, in certain example embodiments, apparatuses 510, 520 and / or 530 may include two or more processors that may form a multiprocessor system (for example, in this case processors 512, 522, and 532 may represent a multiprocessor) that may support multiprocessing. According to certain example embodiments, the multiprocessor system may be tightly coupled or loosely coupled to, for example, form a computer cluster).

[0058] Processors 512, 522, and 532 may perform functions associated with the operation of apparatuses 510, 520 and / or 530, respectively, including, as some examples, precoding of antenna gain / phase parameters, encoding and decoding of individual bits forming a communication message, formatting of information, and overall control of the apparatuses 510, 520 and / or 530, including processes illustrated in FIGs. 2A-4.

[0059] Apparatuses 510, 520 and / or 530 may further include or be coupled to memory 514, 524, and / or 534 (internal or external), respectively, which may be coupled to processors 512, 522, and 532, respectively, for storing information and instructions that may be executed by processors 512, 522, and 532. Memory 514 (and memory 524 and memory 534) may be one or more memories and of any type suitable to the local application environment, and may be implemented using any suitable volatile or nonvolatile data storage technology such as a semiconductor-based memory device, a magnetic memory device and system, an optical memory device and system, fixed memory, and / or removable memory. For example, memory 514 (and memory 524 and memory 534) can be comprised of any combination of random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), static storage such as a magnetic or optical disk, hard disk drive (HDD), or any other type of non-transitory machine or computer readable media. The instructions stored in memory 514,memory 524 and memory 534 may include program instructions or computer program code that, when executed by processors 512, 522, and 532, enable the apparatuses 510, 520 and / or 530 to perform tasks as described herein.

[0060] In certain example embodiments, apparatuses 510, 520 and / or 530 may further include or be coupled to (internal or external) a drive or port that is configured to accept and read an external computer readable storage medium, such as an optical disc, USB drive, flash drive, or any other storage medium. For example, the external computer readable storage medium may store a computer program or software for execution by processors 512, 522, and 532 and / or apparatuses 510, 520 and / or 530 to perform any of the methods illustrated in FIGs. 2A-4.

[0061] According to various exemplary embodiments, the apparatus 510 may include at least one processor 512, and at least one memory 514, as shown in FIG. 5. The memory 514 may store instructions that, when executed by the processor 512, cause the apparatus 510 to perform a first measurement related to one or more reference signals of one or more cells based on a received configuration. The received configuration may comprise one or more reporting conditions for measurement reporting. The apparatus 510 may also be caused to store information related to the first measurement and perform the measurement reporting by transmitting, to a network entity, a first report based on satisfying the one or more reporting conditions of the configuration. The first report may be based, at least in part, on the information related to the first measurement.

[0062] According to various exemplary embodiments, the apparatus 520 may include at least one processor 522, and at least one memory 524, as shown in FIG. 5. The memory 524 may store instructions that, when executed by the processor 522, cause the apparatus 520 to configure a configuration comprising one or more reporting conditions for measurement reporting and transmit, to a user device, the configuration for measurement reporting to beperformed by the user device. The apparatus 520 may also be caused to receive, from the user device, at least a first report based on the one or more reporting conditions of the configuration being satisfied. The first report may be based, at least in part, on information related to a first measurement related to one or more reference signals of one or more cells.

[0063] In some exemplary embodiments, apparatuses 510, 520 and / or 530 may also include or be coupled to one or more antennas 515, 525, and 535 for receiving a downlink signal and for transmitting via an uplink from apparatuses 510, 520 and / or 530, respectively. Apparatuses 510, 520 and / or 530 may further include transceivers 516, 526, and 536, respectively, configured to transmit and receive information. The transceiver 516, 526, and 536 may also include a radio interface that may correspond to a plurality of radio access technologies including one or more of GSM, LTE, LTE-A, 5G, NR, WLAN, NB-IoT, Bluetooth, BT-LE, NFC, RFID, UWB, or the like. The radio interface may include other components, such as filters, converters (for example, digital-to-analog converters or the like), symbol demappers, signal shaping components, an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) module, or the like, to process symbols, such as OFDMA symbols, carried by a downlink or an uplink.

[0064] For instance, transceivers 516, 526, and 536 may be respectively configured to modulate information on to a carrier waveform for transmission and demodulate received information for further processing by other elements of apparatuses 510, 520 and / or 530. In other example embodiments, transceivers 516, 526, and 536 may be capable of transmitting and receiving signals or data directly. Additionally or alternatively, in some example embodiments, apparatuses 510, 520 and / or 530 may include an input and / or output device (I / O device). In certain example embodiments, apparatuses 510, 520 and / or 530 may further include a user interface, such as a graphical user interface or touchscreen.

[0065] In certain example embodiments, memory 514, 524, and 534 store software modules that provide functionality when executed by processors 512, 522, and 532, respectively. The modules may include, for example, an operating system that provides operating system functionality for apparatuses 510, 520 and / or 530. The memory may also store one or more functional modules, such as an application or program, to provide additional functionality for apparatuses 510, 520 and / or 530. The components of apparatuses 510, 520 and / or 530 may be implemented in hardware, or as any suitable combination of hardware and software. According to certain example embodiments, apparatuses 510, 520 and / or 530 may optionally be configured to communicate with each other via a wireless or wired communications links 540, 550, and 560 according to any radio access technology, such as NR.

[0066] According to certain example embodiments, processors 512, 522 and / or 532, and memory 514, 524 and / or 534 may be included in or may form apart of processing circuitry or control circuitry. In addition, in some example embodiments, transceivers 516, 526, and 536 may be included in or may form a part of transceiving circuitry.

[0067] In some exemplary embodiments, an apparatus (e.g., apparatuses 510, 520 and / or 530) may include means for performing a method, a process, or any of the variants discussed herein. Examples of the means may include one or more processors, memory, controllers, transmitters, receivers, and / or computer program code for causing the performance of the operations.

[0068] Certain exemplary embodiments may be directed to an apparatus 510 that includes means for performing a first measurement related to one or more reference signals of one or more cells based on a received configuration. The received configuration may comprise one or more reporting conditions for measurement reporting. The apparatus 510 may further include means for storing information related to the first measurement and means for perform the measurement reporting by transmitting, to a network entity, a first reportbased on satisfying the one or more reporting conditions of the configuration. The first report may be based, at least in part, on the information related to the first measurement.

[0069] Some exemplary embodiments may be directed to an apparatus 520 that includes means for configuring a configuration comprising one or more reporting conditions for measurement reporting and means for transmitting, to a user device, the configuration for measurement reporting to be performed by the user device. The apparatus 520 may also include means for receiving, from the user device, at least a first report based on the one or more reporting conditions of the configuration being satisfied. The first report may be based, at least in part, on information related to a first measurement related to one or more reference signals of one or more cells.

[0070] As used herein, the term “circuitry” may refer to hardware-only circuitry implementations (for example, analog and / or digital circuitry), combinations of hardware circuits and software, combinations of analog and / or digital hardware circuits with software / firmware, any portions of hardware processor(s) with software, including digital signal processors, that work together to cause an apparatus (for example, apparatus 510, 520 and / or 530) to perform various functions, and / or hardware circuit(s) and / or processor(s), or portions thereof, that use software for operation but where the software may not be present when it is not needed for operation. As a further example, as used herein, the term “circuitry” may also cover an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor or multiple processors, or portion of a hardware circuit or processor, and the accompanying software and / or firmware. The term circuitry may also cover, for example, a baseband integrated circuit in a server, cellular network node or device, or other computing or network device.

[0071] A computer program product may include one or more computerexecutable components which, when the program is run, are configured tocarry out some example embodiments. The one or more computer-executable components may be at least one software code or portions of it. Modifications and configurations required for implementing functionality of certain example embodiments may be performed as routine(s), which may be implemented as added or updated software routine(s). Software routine(s) may be downloaded into the apparatus.

[0072] As an example, software or a computer program code or portions of it may be in a source code form, object code form, or in some intermediate form, and it may be stored in some sort of carrier, distribution medium, or computer readable medium, which may be any entity or device capable of carrying the program. Such carriers may include a record medium, computer memory, read-only memory, photoelectrical and / or electrical carrier signal, telecommunications signal, and software distribution package, for example. Depending on the processing power needed, the computer program may be executed in a single electronic digital computer or it may be distributed amongst a number of computers. The computer readable medium or computer readable storage medium may be a non-transitory medium.

[0073] In other example embodiments, the functionality may be performed by hardware or circuitry included in an apparatus (for example, apparatuses 510, 520 and / or 530), for example through the use of an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or any other combination of hardware and software. In yet another example embodiment, the functionality may be implemented as a signal, a non-tangible means that can be carried by an electromagnetic signal downloaded from the Internet or other network.

[0074] According to certain example embodiments, an apparatus, such as a node, device, or a corresponding component, may be configured as circuitry, a computer or a microprocessor, such as single-chip computer element, or as a chipset, including at least a memory for providing storage capacity used for 1arithmetic operation and an operation processor for executing the arithmetic operation.

[0075] The features, structures, or characteristics of example embodiments described throughout this specification may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more example embodiments. For example, the usage of the phrases “certain embodiments,” “an example embodiment,” “some embodiments,” or other similar language, throughout this specification refers to the fact that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment. Thus, appearances of the phrases “in certain embodiments,” “an example embodiment,” “in some embodiments,” “in other embodiments,” or other similar language, throughout this specification do not necessarily refer to the same group of embodiments, and the described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more example embodiments. Further, the terms “cell”, “node”, “gNB”, or other similar language throughout this specification may be used interchangeably.

[0076] As used herein, “at least one of the following: ” and “at least one of ” and similar wording, where the list of two or more elements are joined by “and” or “or,” mean at least any one of the elements, or at least any two or more of the elements, or at least all the elements.

[0077] One having ordinary skill in the art will readily understand that the disclosure as discussed above may be practiced with procedures in a different order, and / or with hardware elements in configurations which are different than those which are disclosed. Therefore, although the disclosure has been described based upon these example embodiments, it would be apparent to those of skill in the art that certain modifications, variations, and alternative constructions would be apparent, while remaining within the spirit and scope of example embodiments. Although the above embodiments refer to 6G, 5GNR and LTE technology, the above embodiments may also apply to any other present or future 3 GPP technology, such as LTE-advanced, and / or fourth generation (4G) technology.

[0078] Partial Glossary:

[0079] 3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project

[0080] 5G 5th Generation

[0081] CU Centralized Unit

[0082] DL Downlink

[0083] DU Distributed Unit

[0084] EMBB Enhanced Mobile Broadband

[0085] gNB 5G or Next Generation NodeB

[0086] ID Identifier

[0087] LTE Long Term Evolution

[0088] LTM Layer 1 / Layer 2 Triggered Mobility

[0089] MAS Medium Access Control

[0090] NR New Radio

[0091] PDCCH Physical Downlink Control Channel

[0092] PRACH Physical Random Access Channel

[0093] QCL Quasi Co-Location

[0094] RRC Radio Resource Control

[0095] RSRP Reference Signal Receiving Power

[0096] TA Timing Advance

[0097] TCI Transmission Configuration Indicator

[0098] UE User Equipment

[0099] UL Uplink

Claims

WE CLAIM:

1. An apparatus comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: perform a first measurement related to one or more reference signals of one or more cells based on a received configuration, wherein the received configuration comprises one or more reporting conditions for measurement reporting; store information related to the first measurement; and perform the measurement reporting by transmitting, to a network entity, a first report based on satisfying the one or more reporting conditions of the configuration, wherein the first report is based, at least in part, on the information related to the first measurement.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, further cause the apparatus at least to: receive, from the network entity, the configuration comprising the one or more reporting conditions, wherein the one or more reporting conditions include a set of conditions for continuous measurement reporting.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, further cause the apparatus at least to: perform a second measurement related to one or more reference signals of the one or more cells based on the received configuration; store information related to the second measurement; determine a difference between at least a subset of the firstmeasurement and at least a subset of the second measurement, or a difference between the first report and a second report; and transmit, to the network entity, the second report based on the determined difference.

4. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the one or more reporting conditions comprises one or more thresholds for the determined difference between the first measurement and the second measurement, or a difference between the first report and a second report, and the second report is transmitted upon the determined difference exceeding the one or more thresholds.

5. The apparatus according to claim 3 or claim 4, wherein information related to at least one of the first measurement or the second measurement is stored and compared to one or more future measurements of the one or more cells.

6. The apparatus according to claims 1-5, wherein the first measurement is performed when at least one entering condition is satisfied within a predefined period of time or a predefined number of samples have been obtained, wherein the at least one entering condition is based on at least one of layer-3 measurements or information related to the layer-3 measurements; layer- 1 measurements or information related to the layer- 1 measurements; or an offset value for a quality of a serving cell or a beam.

7. The apparatus according to claims 1-6, wherein the one or morereporting conditions comprise at least one of: a difference between a new report and one or more previous reports, including the first report; a difference between one or more new measurements and one or more measurements previously included in one or more reports, including the first report, are above a predefined threshold; a difference between one or more new measurements of at least one beam or cell is above a predefined threshold as compared to the one or more measurements previously included in one or more reports; a difference between one or more new measurements of a set plurality of beams is above a predefined threshold as compared to the one or more measurements previously included in one or more reports for the set plurality of beams; one or more new measurements are performed for at least one new beam which previously was not included in one or more reports, including the first report; or a difference between one or more new measurements of at least two beams as compared to a difference between one or more measurements previously included in one or more reports are above a predefined threshold.

8. The apparatus according to claims 1-7, wherein one or more time thresholds or a predefined period of time are configured in which the one or more reporting conditions are to be satisfied in order to trigger the measurement reporting.

9. The apparatus according to claims 1-8, wherein the measurement reporting is terminated in response to satisfying one or more leaving conditions: transmitting a set maximum number of reports;exceeding a threshold for reference signal quality for at least part of the measurement; receiving an indication from a network; or satisfying a criteria which triggers a new measurement, new type of measurement reporting, or a reconfiguration.

10. The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, further cause the apparatus at least to: when the leaving condition is satisfied, transmit, to the network entity, one bit indicating that the measurement reporting has terminated.

11. The apparatus according to any one of claims 7-10, wherein the one or more new measurements include newly measured values or include the difference value between the one or more new measurements and the one or more measurements previously included in one or more reports.

12. The apparatus according to any one of claims 7-11, wherein when difference value between the one or more new measurements and the one or more measurements previously included in one or more reports is above a threshold, a maximum number of reports is set for a defined time period.

13. An apparatus comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: configure a configuration comprising one or more reporting conditions for measurement reporting; transmit, to a user device, the configuration for measurement reporting to be performed by the user device; andreceive, from the user device, at least a first report based on the one or more reporting conditions of the configuration being satisfied, wherein the first report is based, at least in part, on information related to a first measurement related to one or more reference signals of one or more cells.

14. The apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, further cause the apparatus at least to: receive, from the user device, a second report comprising a second measurement based on a difference between the first and the second measurements satisfying the one or more reporting conditions.

15. The apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the one or more reporting conditions comprises one or more thresholds for the determined difference between the first measurement and the second measurement, or a difference between the first report and a second report, and the second report is received from the user device upon the determined difference exceeding the one or more thresholds.

16. The apparatus according to claims 13-15, wherein the configuration comprises at least one entering condition for performing the first measurement within a predefined period of time or a predefined number of samples, wherein the at least one entering condition is based on at least one of layer-3 measurements or information related to the layer-3 measurements; layer- 1 measurements or information related to the layer- 1 measurements; or an offset value for a quality of a serving cell or a beam.

17. The apparatus according to claims 13-16, wherein the one or morereporting conditions comprise at least one of: a difference between a new report and one or more previous reports, including the first report; a difference between one or more new measurements and one or more measurements previously included in one or more reports, including the first report, are above a predefined threshold; a difference between one or more new measurements of at least one beam or cell is above a predefined threshold as compared to the one or more measurements previously included in one or more reports; a difference between one or more new measurements of a set plurality of beams is above a predefined threshold as compared to the one or more measurements previously included in one or more reports for the set plurality of beams; one or more new measurements are performed for at least one new beam which previously was not included in one or more reports, including the first report; or a difference between one or more new measurements of at least two beams as compared to a difference between one or more measurements previously included in one or more reports are above a predefined threshold.

18. The apparatus according to claims 13-17, wherein the configuration comprises one or more time thresholds or a predefined period of time for the user device in which the one or more reporting conditions are to be satisfied in order to trigger the measurement reporting.

19. The apparatus according to claims 13-18, wherein the configuration comprises one or more leaving conditions which, when satisfied, terminate measurement reporting, wherein the one or more leaving conditions comprises:a set maximum number of reports; a threshold for reference signal quality for at least part of the measurement; an indication from a network; or a criteria which triggers a new measurement, new type of measurement reporting, or a reconfiguration.

20. The apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, further cause the apparatus at least to: when the leaving condition is satisfied, receive, from the user device, one bit indicating that the measurement reporting has terminated.

21. The apparatus according to any one of claims 13-20, wherein the one or more new measurements include newly measured values or include the difference value between the one or more new measurements and the one or more measurements previously included in one or more reports.

22. The apparatus according to any one of claims 13-21, wherein when a difference value between the one or more new measurements and the one or more measurements previously included in one or more reports is above a threshold, a maximum number of reports is set for a defined time period.

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