Control device and power control method

Abstract

This control device, which controls a wireless access network in near real-time, comprises: a reception unit that receives a power control policy from a control device that controls the wireless access network in non-real time; and a control unit that determines, on the basis of the policy, a target reception power for an uplink signal received by a base station.

Description

Control device and power control method

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a control device and a power control method.

[0002] The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP: registered trademark) is developing specifications for the 5th generation mobile communication system (5G, also known as New Radio (NR) or Next Generation (NG)), and is also developing specifications for the next generation, known as Beyond 5G, 5G Evolution, or 6G.

[0003] The Open-RAN (O-RAN) Alliance was established with the aim of promoting openness and intelligence in Radio Access Networks (RANs). The O-RAN Alliance aims to realize intelligent RANs and optimize network operations (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1).

[0004] Taichi Katsuragawa et al., "Initiatives Towards RAN Intelligentization," NTT DOCOMO Technical Journal, vol. 30, No. 1, pp. 27-36, April 2022. Satoshi Nagata et al., "Overview of 5G Radio Advanced Technologies in 3GPP Release 16," NTT DOCOMO Technical Journal, vol. 28, No. 3, pp. 57-64, October 2020. 3GPP TS 38.213 V18.0.0 (2023-09) O-RAN.WG2.A1TD-R003-v06.00 O-RAN.WG3.UCR-R003-v04.00 O-RAN.WG3.E2SM-RC-R003-v04.00 O-RAN.WG3.E2SM-KPM-R003-v04.00 O-RAN.WG3.E2GAP-R003-v05.00

[0005] However, there is room for improvement in the communication quality of uplink signals in the RAN.

[0006] One aspect of the present disclosure is to provide a control device and a power control method that can appropriately improve the communication quality of an uplink signal in a RAN.

[0007] A control device according to one aspect of the present disclosure is a control device that controls a radio access network in near real time, and includes a receiving unit that receives a power control policy from a control device that controls the radio access network in non-real time, and a control unit that determines a target received power of an uplink signal received by a base station based on the policy.

[0008] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a radio frame, a subframe, and a slot used in the wireless communication system. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of RAN architecture. FIG. 4 is a diagram explaining PUSCH power control. FIG. 5 is a diagram explaining UL power control of a terminal. FIG. 6 is a diagram explaining cell interference in UL. FIG. 7 is a diagram explaining an example of UL power control in Near-RT RIC. FIG. 8 is a diagram explaining a proposal. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing RAN architecture in the proposal. FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a control device that controls RAN in near real time. FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a control device that controls RAN in non-real time. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of a control device according to the present embodiment. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a vehicle.

[0009] Hereinafter, an embodiment according to one aspect of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the embodiment described below is an example, and the embodiment to which the present disclosure is applied is not limited to the following embodiment.

[0010] In operation of the wireless communication system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, existing technologies are used as appropriate. The existing technologies are, for example, existing LTE or NR, but are not limited to existing LTE or NR. Furthermore, the term "LTE" as used in this specification has a broad meaning including LTE-Advanced and systems beyond LTE-Advanced, unless otherwise specified.

[0011] Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present disclosure described below, terms used in existing LTE, such as SS (synchronization signal), PSS (primary SS), SSS (secondary SS), PBCH (physical broadcast channel), PRACH (physical random access channel), PDCCH (physical downlink control channel), PDSCH (physical downlink shared channel), PUCCH (physical uplink control channel), and PUSCH (physical uplink shared channel), are used. This is for convenience of description, and similar signals, functions, etc. may be referred to by other names. Furthermore, the above-mentioned terms in NR correspond to NR-SS, NR-PSS, NR-SSS, NR-PBCH, NR-PRACH, etc. However, even signals used in NR are not necessarily designated as "NR-".

[0012] Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the duplex method may be a time division duplex (TDD) method, a frequency division duplex (FDD) method, or another method (for example, flexible duplex, etc.).

[0013] Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, "configuring" radio parameters and the like may mean that a predetermined value is pre-configured, or that radio parameters notified from a base station, device, terminal, etc. are set. Hereinafter, "and / or" may be written as " / ".

[0014] <Wireless System Configuration> Fig. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a wireless communication system 10 according to an embodiment. The wireless communication system 10 is a wireless communication system conforming to New Radio (NR) and includes a Next Generation-Radio Access Network (hereinafter referred to as NG-RAN 20 and a terminal 200). The wireless communication system 10 may be a wireless communication system conforming to a scheme called 5G, Beyond 5G, 5G Evolution, or 6G. The terminal is also referred to as User Equipment (UE).

[0015] The NG-RAN 20 includes a base station 100. The base station 100 may be, for example, a gNB or an ng-eNB. The NG-RAN 20 is connected to a core network (e.g., 5GC, not shown) conforming to NR. The NG-RAN 20 and the 5GC may be simply referred to as a network.

[0016] The base station 100 is a radio base station conforming to NR, and performs NR radio communication with the terminal 200. The base station 100 and the terminal 200 are capable of supporting Massive MIMO (Multi-Input Multi-Output), which generates a more directional beam by controlling radio signals transmitted from multiple antenna elements, Carrier Aggregation (CA), which uses multiple component carriers (CCs) by bundling them together, and Dual Connectivity (DC), which performs simultaneous communication between multiple NG-RAN nodes and the terminal.

[0017] The wireless communication system 10 supports FR1 and FR2. The frequency bands of each FR (Frequency Range) are as follows: FR1: 410 MHz to 7.125 GHz FR2: 24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz

[0018] FR1 may use a sub-carrier spacing (SCS) of 15 kHz, 30 kHz, or 60 kHz, and may use a bandwidth (BW) of 5 to 100 MHz. FR2 is a higher frequency than FR1, and may use an SCS of 60 kHz or 120 kHz (including 240 kHz), and may use a bandwidth (BW) of 50 to 400 MHz.

[0019] Note that SCS may be interpreted as numerology, which is defined in 3GPP TS38.300 and corresponds to one subcarrier spacing in the frequency domain.

[0020] Furthermore, the wireless communication system 10 may also support frequency bands higher than the FR2 frequency band. Specifically, the wireless communication system 10 may support frequency bands above 52.6 GHz up to 114.25 GHz. For convenience, such high frequency bands may be referred to as "FR2x." When using a frequency band above 52.6 GHz, Cyclic Prefix-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (CP-OFDM) / Discrete Fourier Transform-Spread-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM) with a larger SCS may be applied.

[0021] <Radio Frame, Subframe, and Slot Configuration> Figure 2 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a radio frame, subframe, and slot used in the wireless communication system 10. As shown in Figure 2, one slot is composed of 14 symbols, and the larger (wider) the SCS, the shorter the symbol period (and slot period). Note that the number of symbols constituting one slot does not necessarily have to be 14 symbols (e.g., 28 or 56 symbols). Also, the number of slots per subframe may differ depending on the SCS. Furthermore, the SCS may be wider than 240 kHz.

[0022] The time direction (t) shown in Fig. 2 may be called a time domain, a time region, a symbol period, a symbol time, etc. The frequency direction may be called a frequency domain, a resource block, a resource block group, a subcarrier, a BWP (Bandwidth Part), a subchannel, a common frequency resource, etc.

[0023] <Optimization and Intelligentization of RAN> 3GPP defines a Self Organizing Network (SON) that integrates and manages Configuration Management (CM) data (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 2). CM data includes, for example, parameters operated (configured) in base stations. SON refers to a wireless network self-optimization function that automatically configures base stations such as eNBs when they are installed and automatically optimizes their parameters.

[0024] In addition to the SON mentioned above, O-RAN specifies the RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC), which utilizes big data and artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) to perform intelligent operations (see, for example, Non-Patent Documents 1, 4-7). The RIC is responsible for making the RAN intelligent, for example, by designing and configuring base station parameters and automating and optimizing operations. The RIC can also be considered a logical node.

[0025] <RIC> Fig. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a RAN architecture. As shown in Fig. 3, the RAN includes a Non-RT RIC, a Near-RT RIC, and an E2 node.

[0026] A Non-RT RIC accommodates multiple Near-RT RICs and multiple E2 nodes. A Near-RT RIC accommodates multiple E2 nodes.

[0027] Non-RT RICs and Near-RT RICs are connected via an A1 interface. Near-RT RICs and E2 nodes are connected via an E2 interface. Non-RT RICs, Near-RT RICs, and E2 nodes are connected via an O1 interface.

[0028] Non-RT RIC: The Non-RT RIC is deployed within the Service Management and Orchestration (SMO), which monitors, maintains, and orchestrates the RAN. The Non-RT RIC cooperates with the Operation Administration and Maintenance (OAM) (not shown) service provider within the SMO to accumulate various data collected within the E2 node, such as PM counters, Fault Management data (FM data), and Trace Management data (TM data), via the O1 interface. The Non-RT RIC optimizes the E2 node's parameter settings through advanced analysis using AI / ML and reflects the optimized E2 node parameter settings based on the radio environment and traffic load to the E2 node via the O1 interface. The Non-RT RIC also generates policies related to RAN control and notifies the Near-RT RIC of the policies via the A1 interface. These controls are performed at a relatively long control period of one second or more.

[0029] ・Near-RT RIC The Near-RT RIC collects information about the E2 node from the E2 node through the E2 interface. The Near-RT RIC reflects the analysis results to the E2 node according to the policy notified by the Non-RT RIC. By connecting directly to the E2 node through the E2 interface, the Near-RT RIC performs high-speed control with a control cycle of several tens of milliseconds to one second.

[0030] E2 node The E2 node is a base station such as an O-RAN Central Unit (O-CU) and an O-RAN Distributed Unit (O-DU). The O-CU is a logical node that hosts the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP), RRC, Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP), and other control functions. The O-DU is a logical node that hosts the Radio Link Control (RLC), Medium Access Control (MAC), and High-Physical (High-PHY) layers based on the functional division of the lower layers. The O-DU also houses an O-RAN Radio Unit (O-RU) (not shown). The O-RU is a logical node that hosts the Low-PHY layer and RF processing based on the functional division of the lower layers.

[0031] ・rApp In Non-RT RIC, an application called Non-RT RIC Application (rApp) is used to analyze various information and generate policies. rApp has an architecture independent of the Non-RT RIC framework, and is connected to the Non-RT RIC framework via an R1 interface (not shown).

[0032] ・xApp Applications that analyze and control various information on the Near-RT RIC framework are called Near-RT RIC Applications (xApp). In the Near-RT RIC, the framework and applications are also separated and connected via the Near-RT RIC Application Programming Interface (Near-RT RIC API) specified by the O-RAN Alliance.

[0033] ・O1 Interface The O1 interface is an interface through which the SMO provides OAM functions such as Fault, Configuration, Accounting, Performance and Security (FCAPS), software management, and file management to the E2 node and Near-RT RIC. The Non-RT RIC works with the functional unit that provides OAM services within the SMO to obtain PM counters generated by the E2 node using the O1 interface, and also reflects the configuration settings optimized by the rApp within the Non-RT RIC to the E2 node. Furthermore, in cases where ML is applied in the Near-RT RIC, the O1 interface is also expected to be used to deploy ML models.

[0034] A1 Interface The A1 interface is the interface between the Non-RT RIC and the Near-RT RIC. The A1 interface defines three functions: 1. A1 Policy Management Service (A1-P), 2. A1 Enrichment Information Service (A1-EI), and 3. A1 ML Model Management Service (A1-ML).

[0035] A1-P A1-P is a function by which a Non-RT RIC issues a policy to a Near-RT RIC, and the Near-RT RIC controls the target E2 node according to the specified policy. The policy notified through the A1 interface is called an A1 policy, which specifies performance targets such as throughput and delay time for a specific user, slice, or cell. The Near-RT RIC can notify the Non-RT RIC of the type of policy it can support based on the capabilities that the subordinate E2 node exposes to the Near-RT RIC.

[0036] A1-EI is a function that provides Enrichment Information (EI) to Near-RT RIC. EI refers to information that is analyzed and processed from data collected from E2 nodes within the RAN and information sources outside the RAN.

[0037] A1-ML A1-ML is used for controlling the ML-related framework used by xApp.

[0038] ・E2 interface The E2 interface is the interface between the Near-RT RIC and the E2 node. The functions provided by the E2 interface are to disclose the E2 node's control function information and control history information to the Near-RT RIC, and to notify the E2 node of control commands. For the E2 node, it is possible to control RRC HO control and S1 / X2 / NG / Xn / F1 / E1 procedures. In addition, control can be specified on a cell-by-cell, slice-by-slice, or UE-by-UE basis.

[0039] Note that S1 is the interface between the Evolved Packet Core (EPC) and the eNB. X2 is the interface between eNBs. NG is the interface between the 5GC and the gNB. Xn is the interface between the gNBs. F1 is the interface between the O-CU and the O-DU. E1 is the interface between the O-CU-Control Plane (O-CU-CP) and the O-CU-User Plane (O-CU-UP).

[0040] The NR Uplink (UL) supports power control based on open loop and closed loop. The power control equation for the PUSCH (the power control equation for the UL data channel) is shown in equation (1) in Figure 4 (see, for example, Section 7.1.1 of Non-Patent Document 3). The terminal controls the power of the PUSCH based on equation (1).

[0041] The underlined term A3a in equation (1) represents power control based on an open loop, and the underlined term A3b in equation (1) represents power control based on a closed loop.

[0042] The open-loop term may be considered as the power calculated by the terminal based on the parameters and measurements below "where" shown in FIG.

[0043] The closed-loop term may be thought of as the power that is adjusted (feedback) by the network, for example, based on Transmit Power Control (TCP) commands provided by the DCI.

[0044] As shown in equation (1), the terminal CMAX and the power based on the open loop and the closed loop, whichever is smaller, are adopted as the power of the PUSCH. CMAX is the "UE configured maximum transmission power", and the terminal CMAX The power of the PUSCH is controlled so as not to exceed the

[0045] The underlined term A3c in formula (1) “P O_PUSCH,b,f,c (j)" is "P O_NOMINAL,PUSCH,f,c (j)" and "P O_UE_PUSCH,b,f,c (j) and "P O_NOMINAL,PUSCH,f,c (j)” is the power value controlled at the cell level (cell unit), and “P O_UE_PUSCH,b,f,c (j)" is the power value controlled at the terminal level (terminal unit).

[0046] The "α b,f,c (j) is a parameter that adjusts the effect of path loss. b,f,c (j)" affects how much the terminal's UL power is increased or decreased in response to changes in path loss.

[0047] One of the requirements for a network is Quality of Service (QoS), and it is important for the network to achieve and maintain QoS for each service.

[0048] In the UL, if communication quality (reception quality) such as the base station's Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR) deteriorates, for example, UL reliability will decrease and delays will occur, making it difficult to maintain QoS. As a measure to improve UL communication quality, the following two UL power controls can be considered: - Increasing the transmission power of terminals with low communication quality - Reducing the transmission power of terminals that are causing interference to mitigate interference

[0049] FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining UL power control of a terminal. Assume that a terminal A5a shown in FIG. 5 has low UL power, and the UL communication quality such as SINR at a base station A5b does not satisfy the desired communication quality. In this case, a Near-RT RIC (not shown) increases the UL power of the terminal A5a. For example, the Near-RT RIC increases the UL power of the terminal A5a by controlling the "P O_NOMINAL,PUSCH,f,c (j)," "P O_UE_PUSCH,b,f,c (j)" and "α b,f,c In this case, the base station A5b increases the value of at least one of the parameters "(j)" (see equation (1) in FIG. 4) to increase the UL power of the terminal A5a. This allows the base station A5b to satisfy the desired communication quality in the UL.

[0050] For example, when the UL communication quality of the terminal A5a at the base station A5b is sufficient to meet the desired communication quality, the Near-RT RIC reduces the UL power of the terminal A5a from the viewpoint of extending the operating time of the terminal A5a. O_NOMINAL,PUSCH,f,c (j)," "P O_UE_PUSCH,b,f,c (j)" and "α b,f,c The base station A5b reduces the value of at least one of the parameters, such as "(j)" and "(j)", to reduce the UL power of the terminal A5a. This allows the base station A5b to satisfy the desired communication quality in the UL, and the terminal A5a can extend its operating time.

[0051] Fig. 6 is a diagram for explaining cell interference in UL. In Fig. 6, the same components as in Fig. 5 are assigned the same reference numerals. The Near-RT RIC (not shown) controls the "P" of the terminal so that the UL interference power between terminals is kept below a predetermined level. O_NOMINAL,PUSCH,f,c (j)," "PO_UE_PUSCH,b,f,c (j)" and "α b,f,c (j)”.

[0052] For example, suppose that the SINR of the terminal A5a at the base station A5b does not meet the desired SINR due to interference from the UL signal of the terminal A6a. In this case, the Near-RT RIC adjusts the "P O_NOMINAL,PUSCH,f,c (j)," "P O_UE_PUSCH,b,f,c (j)" and "α b,f,c By this operation, the UL communication quality of the terminal A5a of the base station A5b is improved.

[0053] 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of UL power control in the Near-RT RIC. As described in FIGS. 5 and 6, when the Near-RT RIC O_NOMINAL,PUSCH,f,c (j)," "P O_UE_PUSCH,b,f,c (j)" and "α b,f,c (j)" to the E2 node (base station) to control the UL power (UL communication quality) at the E2 node. For example, as shown by arrow A7a in FIG. 7, the Near-RT RIC transmits a parameter such as "P O_NOMINAL,PUSCH,f,c (j)," "P O_UE_PUSCH,b,f,c (j)" and "α b,f,c (j)" to the E2 node.

[0054] The E2 node performs UL power control based on the notified parameters, based on the open loop and the closed loop. For example, as shown by arrow A7b in Fig. 7, the E2 node performs UL power control of the terminal based on the open loop and the closed loop.

[0055] <Considerations> As explained in above, base stations such as E2 nodes implement UL power control based on open loop and closed loop. Even if the RIC controls the open loop parameters, the desired power may not be obtained if the base station is operating in a closed loop.

[0056] For example, as explained in Figure 7, when Near-RT RIC is "P O_NOMINAL,PUSCH,f,c (j)," "P O_UE_PUSCH,b,f,c (j)" and "α b,f,c The E2 node (base station) is notified of parameters such as "(j)" and "(f)". As explained in Figure 7, the E2 node controls the UL power using a closed loop, so the UL power obtained may differ from the UL power desired by the Near-RT RIC.

[0057] Therefore, the present disclosure proposes a technology that can appropriately improve the communication quality of uplink signals in the RAN.

[0058] <Proposal> In this disclosure, the Near-RT RIC sets a target received power (value) at a base station, such as the E2 node, in the E2 node. The base station performs UL power control based on open loop and closed loop so that the target received power is the one set by the Near-RT RIC. The target received power may be considered as the transmission power of the UL signal transmitted by the terminal.

[0059] 8 is a diagram illustrating the proposal. As shown by an arrow A8a in FIG. 8, the Near-RT RIC transmits the target received power P rx Set.

[0060] As shown by the arrow A8b in FIG. 8, the E2 node receives the target received power P rx UL power control is performed based on open loop and closed loop so that:

[0061] For example, the E2 node receives the target received power P rx is set to the left side of equation (1) shown in FIG. 4, and the target received power P rxThe E2 node determines the parameters shown on the right side of equation (1) so as to satisfy the following: More specifically, the E2 node determines the parameters related to the open loop (for example, the parameters shown underlined A3a) and the parameters related to the closed loop (for example, the parameters shown underlined A3b) shown on the right side of equation (1) in Fig. 4. The E2 node notifies the terminal of the determined parameters using higher layer signaling such as RRC.

[0062] In this way, the E2 node has a target received power P rx is notified from the Near-RT RIC. The E2 node uses the notified target received power P rx By this operation, the E2 node can obtain the UL power desired by the Near-RT RIC.

[0063] <Proposal: RAN Architecture> Figure 9 shows the proposed RAN architecture. In this proposal, the operation of UL power control is incorporated into the operation of the RAN architecture described in Figure 3.

[0064] <Proposal: RAN Architecture: (1)> The SMO collects PM counters and CM (Configuration Management) from the E2 node through the O1 interface, i.e., the SMO obtains information about the RAN state.

[0065] The PM counter includes, for example, the following information: Average UL UE throughput at the gNB Distribution of UL UE throughput at the gNB UL PRB (Physical Resource Block) usage rate PUSCH received power PUSCH RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) PUSCH SINR

[0066] The CM contains, for example, the following information: P0-nominalpusch

[0067] The PM counter may be referred to as PM data, and the CM may be referred to as CM data.

[0068] <Proposal: RAN Architecture: (2)> The rApp (Non-RT RIC) issues the A1 policy based on the network performance / status / parameters operated in the base station collected through the O1 interface. The A1 policy includes a power control policy. The power control policy includes, for example, the following items: - Target SINR - Tolerable amount of interference

[0069] The power control policy may also be referred to as a power policy, a UL power policy, or a UL power control policy.

[0070] <Proposal: RAN Architecture: (3)> The rApp notifies the issued A1 policy (power control policy) to the rApp in the Near-RT RIC via the A1 interface. The power control policy is identified by an identifier (parameter) of the A1-P data type (A1 policy type), for example, PolicyTypeId.

[0071] <Proposal: RAN Architecture: (4)> xApp (Near-RT RIC) obtains terminal measurements through the E2 REPORT service of E2SM Key Performance Measurement (E2SM-KPM).

[0072] In addition, the terminal measurements are included in the RIC INDICATION MESSAGE Information Element (e.g., E2SM-KPM Indication Message Format 3), which is part of the RIC INDICATION message sent from the E2 node to the Near-RT RIC and is required for the REPORT action.

[0073] <Proposal: RAN Architecture: (5)> xApp obtains the current power setting value (the setting value of each parameter in Equation (1) at the E2 node) from the E2 node through the Query service (E2 Query service). The power setting value "P O_NOMINAL,PUSCH,f,c (j)" is acquired by utilizing, for example, Query Service style 1 of E2SM-RC / Report service style 2 of E2SM-CCC. The power setting value controlled at the UE level, for example, "P O_UE_PUSCH,b,f,c (j)" is acquired by utilizing E2SM-RC Query Service style 2. In addition, parameters related to power control controlled at the cell level and parameters related to power control controlled at the UE level may be acquired at the same time by using two or more E2SM-RC Query Service styles simultaneously.

[0074] It should be noted that for the purposes of the E2 Service Model RAN Control (E2SM-RC), the E2 node terminating the E2 interface is assumed to host one or more instances of the RAN function "RAN Control" which performs several functions, one of which is the E2 Query service used to request and obtain RAN / UE related information. The current power setting is included in this E2 QUERY service (E2 QUERY).

[0075] <Proposal: RAN Architecture: (6)> xApp calculates the amount of interference (e.g., the amount of interference of the UL signal) for each terminal (UE) based on the terminal measurements acquired in (4) and the current power setting value acquired in (5). xApp determines the appropriate power setting value for each UE (target received power P at E2 node) based on the calculated amount of interference and the power control policy notified in (3). rx ) is calculated.

[0076] <Proposal: RAN Architecture: (7)> ​​xApp notifies the E2 node of the power setting value calculated in (6) through the E2 interface.

[0077] For the purposes of E2SM-RC, the E2 node terminating the E2 interface is assumed to host one or more instances of the RAN function "RAN Control" which performs several functions. One of these functions is the E2 POLICY service which is used to change the behavior of RAN control related processes. The power setting calculated in (6) is included in this E2 POLICY service (E2 POLICY).

[0078] <Proposal: RAN Architecture: (8)> The E2 node controls the terminal so that the received power (UL received power) is set to the power setting value notified via the E2 interface.

[0079] For example, the E2 node determines at least one of the parameters on the right side of equation (1) shown in Fig. 4 so as to match the power setting value notified through the E2 interface. For example, the E2 node determines at least one of the open-loop / closed-loop parameters so as to match the power setting value notified through the E2 interface. The E2 node notifies the terminal of the determined parameters.

[0080] <Proposal: RAN Architecture: E2 POLICY Option 1> In addition to the power setting value (target received power), the following information may be notified to the E2 node as a policy: - Target received SINR - Upper limit of transmission power value (P CMAXf,c (i)) Priority of control parameters

[0081] The upper limit of the transmit power value may also be controlled by the E2 CONTROL service. Note that for the purposes of E2 Service Model RAN Control (E2SM-RC), the E2 node terminating the E2 interface is assumed to host one or more instances of the RAN function "RAN Control" which performs several functions. One of these functions is the E2 CONTROL service, which is used to resume or initiate RAN control related call processes and to modify RAN configuration / E2 service-related UE context information. The upper limit of the transmit power value is included in this E2 CONTROL service.

[0082] When the E2 node is notified of the priority of the control parameter, the E2 node may control the control parameter based on the notified priority.

[0083] The xApp may notify the E2 node of the power setting value and the upper limit of the target received SINR / transmitted power value.

[0084] When the E2 node is notified of the power setting value and the target received SINR, the E2 node may determine the parameters on the right side of equation (1) based on the power setting value and the target received SINR.

[0085] When the E2 node is notified of the power setting value and the upper limit of the transmission power value, it may determine the reception power (transmission power of the terminal) so that it is the smaller of the power setting value and the upper limit of the transmission power value.

[0086] <Proposal: RAN Architecture: E2 POLICY Option 2> The Near-RT RIC may monitor, modify, and delete policy performance.

[0087] Obtaining the results of policy execution is a fundamental function of the Policy Service. The Near-RT RIC may set and subsequently modify the E2 node's RIC subscription (which contains the information used to set the policy) that is executed by the E2 node whenever a trigger event occurs (see, for example, section 5.3.2.5 of Non-Patent Document 8).

[0088] The Near-RT RIC may monitor a key performance indicator (KPI), such as a UL throughput, a packet loss rate, and a received SINR.

[0089] The monitored KPIs are fed back to the Near-RT RIC, enabling, for example, closed-loop power control.

[0090] <Proposal: RAN Architecture: E2 POLICY Option 3> Examples of event triggers for E2 policy include the following: - When the E2 node receives a policy issued from the Near-RT RIC - When the terminal specified in the policy exceeds / falls below the target SINR by x dB - When the received power of the terminal specified in the policy becomes higher / lower than the target received power by X dB

[0091] <Proposal: Variation> In the above, the Near-RT RIC (xApp) determines the target received power, but this is not limited to this. The Non-RT RIC (rApp) may also determine the target received power.

[0092] For example, the Non-RT RIC may acquire terminal measurements and current power setting values ​​via the O1 interface. The Non-RT RIC may calculate the amount of interference for each terminal (UE) based on the acquired terminal measurements and current power setting values. The Non-RT RIC may calculate an appropriate power setting value (target received power at the E2 node) for each UE based on the calculated amount of interference and a power control policy.

[0093] <Proposal: Summary> The Near-RT RIC receives a power control policy from the Non-RT RIC. Based on the received power control policy, the Near-RT RIC determines the target received power of the UL signal received by the E2 node. This operation allows the E2 node to perform power control based on open loop and closed loop so as to meet the target received power, thereby appropriately improving the communication quality of the UL signal in the RAN.

[0094] 10 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a control device C1 that controls a RAN in near real time. The control device C1 is, for example, a Near-RT RIC that controls a RAN in near real time.

[0095] The control device C1 includes, for example, a transmitting unit 101, a receiving unit 102, and a control unit 103. The control device C1 is connected to the control device C2 (see FIG. 11) via, for example, the A1 interface.

[0096] The receiving unit 102 receives the power control policy for the uplink signal of the terminal from the control device C2 via, for example, the A1 interface.

[0097] The control unit 103 determines the target received power of the uplink signal received by the E2 node based on the power control policy received from the control device C2. The control unit 103 determines the power value of the uplink signal for the terminal. The control unit 103 determines the target received power of the uplink signal for each terminal, for example. The uplink signal is, for example, a PUSCH. The E2 node may also be referred to as a base station.

[0098] The transmitter 101 transmits the target received power to the E2 node via the E2 interface.

[0099] The receiver 102 receives the current received power of the uplink signal and the terminal measurements from the E2 node.

[0100] The control unit 103 determines the target received power based on the power control policy, the current received power of the uplink signal, and measurements. The control unit 103 calculates the amount of interference of the uplink signal based on the current received power of the uplink signal and measurements, and determines the target received power based on the power control policy and the amount of interference.

[0101] The receiving unit 102 receives the current received power and measurements of the uplink signal through the Query service.

[0102] 11 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a control device C2 that controls the RAN in non-real time. The control device C2 is, for example, a Non-RT RIC that controls the RAN in non-real time. For example, the control device C2 may control the RAN in a second period that is longer than the first period of the control device C1.

[0103] The control device C2 includes, for example, a receiving unit 201, a transmitting unit 202, and a control unit 203. The control device C2 is connected to the control device C1 via, for example, the A1 interface.

[0104] The control unit 203 determines a power control policy for the E2 node based on the state of the RAN. The power control policy includes settings for UL communication quality, such as the amount of tolerable interference from neighboring cells and a target SINR for each terminal.

[0105] The transmitting unit 202 transmits the power control policy determined by the control unit 203 to the control device C1. The transmitting unit 202 transmits the power control policy via the A1 interface.

[0106] The receiver 201 collects PM counters and CMs from the E2 node via the O1 interface.

[0107] The present disclosure has been described above. Note that the division of items in the above description is not essential to the present disclosure, and items described in two or more items may be used in combination as needed, and items described in one item may be applied to items described in another item (unless they are inconsistent).

[0108] <Hardware Configuration, etc.> The block diagrams used to explain the above embodiments show functional blocks. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, the method for realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using a single device that is physically or logically coupled, or may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are directly or indirectly connected (e.g., using wires, wirelessly, etc.) and these multiple devices. The functional block may also be realized by combining software with the single device or the multiple devices.

[0109] Functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, determination, assessment, calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, consideration, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assignment. For example, a functional block (component) that performs transmission is called a transmitting unit or transmitter. As mentioned above, there are no particular limitations on how these functions are implemented.

[0110] For example, the control devices C1 and C2 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may function as computers that perform processing of the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Fig. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of the control devices C1 and C2 according to the present embodiment. The above-described control devices C1 and C2 may be physically configured as computers including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, and the like.

[0111] In the following description, the term "device" can be interpreted as a circuit, a device, a unit, etc. The hardware configuration of the control devices C1 and C2 may be configured to include one or more of the devices shown in the figure, or may be configured to exclude some of the devices.

[0112] Each function of the control devices C1 and C2 is realized by loading specified software (programs) onto hardware such as a processor 1001 and a memory 1002, causing the processor 1001 to perform calculations, control communication via a communication device 1004, and control at least one of reading and writing data in the memory 1002 and the storage 1003.

[0113] The processor 1001 controls the entire computer by running, for example, an operating system. The processor 1001 may be configured by a central processing unit (CPU) including an interface with peripheral devices, a control device, an arithmetic unit, a register, etc. For example, the above-mentioned control unit 103 and control unit 203 may be realized by the processor 1001.

[0114] The processor 1001 also reads programs (program codes), software modules, data, etc. from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002 and executes various processes in accordance with these programs. The programs used are those that cause a computer to execute at least some of the operations described in the above-described embodiments. For example, the control devices C1 and C2 may be implemented by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and running on the processor 1001, and similar implementations may be made for other functional blocks. While the above-described various processes have been described as being executed by one processor 1001, they may also be executed simultaneously or sequentially by two or more processors 1001. The processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips. The programs may also be transmitted from a network via a telecommunications line.

[0115] The memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be configured by, for example, at least one of a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), a random access memory (RAM), etc. The memory 1002 may also be called a register, a cache, a main memory (primary storage device), etc. The memory 1002 can store executable programs (program codes), software modules, etc. for implementing a wireless communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0116] Storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium, and may be composed of at least one of, for example, an optical disk such as a CD-ROM (Compact Disc ROM), a hard disk drive, a flexible disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disk, a digital versatile disk, a Blu-ray (registered trademark) disk), a smart card, a flash memory (e.g., a card, a stick, a key drive), a floppy (registered trademark) disk, a magnetic strip, etc. Storage 1003 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device. The above-mentioned storage medium may be, for example, a database, a server, or other appropriate medium including at least one of memory 1002 and storage 1003.

[0117] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmission / reception device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as, for example, a network device, a network controller, a network card, a communication module, etc. The communication device 1004 may be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. to realize at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). For example, the above-mentioned transmitter 101, receiver 102, receiver 201, transmitter 202, etc. may be realized by the communication device 1004.

[0118] The input device 1005 is an input device (e.g., a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, etc.) that receives input from the outside. The output device 1006 is an output device (e.g., a display, a speaker, an LED lamp, etc.) that outputs to the outside. The input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be integrated into one device (e.g., a touch panel).

[0119] Furthermore, each device, such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or may be configured using different buses between each device.

[0120] The control devices C1 and C2 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and some or all of the functional blocks may be realized by the hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these pieces of hardware.

[0121] <Notification of Information, Signaling> Notification of information is not limited to the embodiments described in the present disclosure and may be performed using other methods. For example, notification of information may be performed by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI)), higher layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB))), other signals, or a combination thereof. Furthermore, RRC signaling may be referred to as an RRC message, and may be, for example, an RRC Connection Setup message, an RRC Connection Reconfiguration message, or the like.

[0122] <Applicable Systems> The embodiments described in the present disclosure are applicable to LTE (Long Term Evolution), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4G (4th generation mobile communication system), 5G (5th generation mobile communication system), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG) (xG (x is, for example, an integer or a decimal)), FRA (Future Radio Access), NR (new Radio), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), W-CDMA (registered trademark), GSM (registered trademark), CDMA2000, UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.17 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.19 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.21 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.22 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.23 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.24 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.25 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.26 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.27 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.28 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.29 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.30 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.31 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.32 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.33 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.34 (WiMAX (registered trademark The present invention may be applied to at least one of systems using 802.20, UWB (Ultra-Wide Band), Bluetooth (registered trademark), or other suitable systems, and next-generation systems that are extended, modified, created, or defined based on these systems. The present invention may also be applied to a combination of multiple systems (e.g., a combination of LTE and / or LTE-A with 5G).

[0123] <Processing Procedures, etc.> The processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc. of each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be rearranged unless inconsistent. For example, the methods described in this disclosure present elements of various steps using an example order, and are not limited to the particular order presented.

[0124] <Operation of Base Station> In the present disclosure, specific operations described as being performed by a base station may also be performed by its upper node in some cases. In a network consisting of one or more network nodes having a base station, it is clear that various operations performed for communication with a terminal may be performed by at least one of the base station and another network node other than the base station (for example, an MME or an S-GW, etc., but are not limited to these). Although the above example illustrates a case where there is one other network node other than the base station, a combination of multiple other network nodes (for example, an MME and an S-GW) may also be used.

[0125] <Direction of Input / Output> Information, etc. (see <Information, Signal>) can be output from a higher layer (or a lower layer) to a lower layer (or a higher layer). It may also be input / output via multiple network nodes.

[0126] <Handling of Input / Output Information, etc.> Input / output information, etc. may be stored in a specific location (for example, memory) or may be managed using a management table. Input / output information, etc. may be overwritten, updated, or added. Output information, etc. may be deleted. Input information, etc. may be sent to another device.

[0127] <Determination method> The determination may be made based on a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), a Boolean value (true or false), or a comparison of numerical values ​​(e.g., comparison with a predetermined value).

[0128] <Variations of Aspects, etc.> Each aspect / embodiment described in the present disclosure may be used alone, in combination, or switched depending on the implementation. In addition, notification of predetermined information (e.g., notification that "X is true") is not limited to being done explicitly, but may be done implicitly (e.g., by not notifying the predetermined information).

[0129] Although the present disclosure has been described in detail above, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described herein. The present disclosure can be implemented in modified and altered forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the claims. Therefore, the description of the present disclosure is intended to be illustrative and does not have any limiting meaning on the present disclosure.

[0130] <Software> Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.

[0131] Software, instructions, information, etc. may also be transmitted or received over a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using wired technologies (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)), and / or wireless technologies (such as infrared, microwave), then these wired and / or wireless technologies are included within the definition of transmission media.

[0132] Information, Signals, etc., described in this disclosure may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc., which may be referred to throughout the above description, may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0133] Note that terms described in this disclosure and terms necessary for understanding this disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, at least one of a channel and a symbol may be a signal (signaling). Furthermore, a signal may be a message. Furthermore, a component carrier (CC) may be called a carrier frequency, a cell, a frequency carrier, etc.

[0134] <System, Network> As used in this disclosure, the terms "system" and "network" are used interchangeably.

[0135] <Parameter and Channel Names> Furthermore, the information, parameters, and the like described in the present disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, relative values ​​from a predetermined value, or other corresponding information. For example, a radio resource may be indicated by an index.

[0136] The names used for the above-described parameters are not intended to be limiting in any way. Furthermore, the mathematical expressions using these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. The various channels (e.g., PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements may be identified by any suitable names, and therefore the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not intended to be limiting in any way.

[0137] <Base Station> In the present disclosure, terms such as "base station (BS)," "radio base station," "fixed station," "NodeB," "eNodeB (eNB)," "gNodeB (gNB)," "access point," "transmission point," "reception point," "transmission / reception point," "cell," "sector," "cell group," "carrier," and "component carrier" may be used interchangeably. A base station may also be referred to by terms such as a macrocell, a small cell, a femtocell, and a picocell.

[0138] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells. When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the overall coverage area of ​​the base station can be partitioned into multiple smaller areas, and each smaller area can also be provided with communication services by a base station subsystem (e.g., a remote radio head (RRH)). The terms "cell" or "sector" refer to part or the entire coverage area of ​​a base station and / or base station subsystem that provides communication services within that coverage area.

[0139] In the present disclosure, the base station transmitting information to a terminal may be interpreted as the base station instructing the terminal to control or operate based on the information.

[0140] Mobile Station In this disclosure, the terms "Mobile Station (MS)," "user terminal," "User Equipment (UE)," "terminal," and the like may be used interchangeably.

[0141] A mobile station may also be referred to by those skilled in the art as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other suitable terminology.

[0142] <Base Station / Mobile Station> At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be referred to as a transmitting device, a receiving device, a communication device, etc. At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on a mobile object, the mobile object itself, etc. The mobile object refers to a movable object, and may move at any speed. Naturally, this also includes cases where the mobile object is stationary. Examples of the mobile object include, but are not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcars, rickshaws, ships and other watercraft, airplanes, rockets, satellites, drones (registered trademark), multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and objects mounted thereon. The mobile object may also be an autonomous mobile object operating based on an operational command. It may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), an unmanned mobile object (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device that does not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an IoT (Internet of Things) device such as a sensor.

[0143] Furthermore, a base station in the present disclosure may be read as a terminal. For example, the embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a terminal is replaced with communication between multiple terminals (which may be called, for example, D2D (Device-to-Device) or V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything)). In this case, the terminal may be configured to have the functions of the base station described above. Furthermore, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be read as terms corresponding to communication between terminals (for example, "side"). For example, terms such as an uplink channel and a downlink channel may be read as a side channel.

[0144] Similarly, the term "terminal" in the present disclosure may be read as "base station." In this case, the base station may be configured to have the functions of the terminal described above.

[0145] Fig. 13 shows an example configuration of a vehicle 2001. As shown in Fig. 13, the vehicle 2001 includes a drive unit 2002, a steering unit 2003, an accelerator pedal 2004, a brake pedal 2005, a shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, an axle 2009, an electronic control unit 2010, various sensors 2021 to 2029, an information service unit 2012, and a communication module 2013. Each aspect / embodiment described in the present disclosure may be applied to a communication device mounted on the vehicle 2001, and may be applied to the communication module 2013, for example.

[0146] The drive unit 2002 is configured, for example, by an engine, a motor, or a hybrid of an engine and a motor. The steering unit 2003 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels and the rear wheels based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by the user.

[0147] The electronic control unit 2010 is composed of a microprocessor 2031, a memory (ROM, RAM) 2032, and a communication port (IO port) 2033. Signals are input to the electronic control unit 2010 from various sensors 2021 to 2029 provided in the vehicle 2001. The electronic control unit 2010 may also be called an ECU (Electronic Control Unit).

[0148] The signals from the various sensors 2021 to 2029 include a current signal from a current sensor 2021 that senses the current of the motor, a rotation speed signal of the front and rear wheels obtained by a rotation speed sensor 2022, an air pressure signal of the front and rear wheels obtained by an air pressure sensor 2023, a vehicle speed signal obtained by a vehicle speed sensor 2024, an acceleration signal obtained by an acceleration sensor 2025, an accelerator pedal depression amount signal obtained by an accelerator pedal sensor 2029, a brake pedal depression amount signal obtained by a brake pedal sensor 2026, a shift lever operation signal obtained by a shift lever sensor 2027, and a detection signal for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc. obtained by an object detection sensor 2028.

[0149] The information service unit 2012 is composed of various devices, such as a car navigation system, an audio system, speakers, a television, and a radio, for providing (outputting) various types of information, such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, and one or more ECUs that control these devices. The information service unit 2012 provides various types of multimedia information and multimedia services to the occupants of the vehicle 2001 by using information acquired from external devices via the communication module 2013, etc.

[0150] The information service unit 2012 may include input devices (e.g., keyboards, mice, microphones, switches, buttons, sensors, touch panels, etc.) that accept input from the outside, and may also include output devices (e.g., displays, speakers, LED lamps, touch panels, etc.) that output to the outside.

[0151] The driving assistance system unit 2030 is composed of various devices that provide functions for preventing accidents and reducing the driving burden on the driver, such as millimeter-wave radar, LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), cameras, positioning locators (e.g., GNSS, etc.), map information (e.g., high-definition (HD) maps, autonomous vehicle (AV) maps, etc.), gyro systems (e.g., IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit), INS (Inertial Navigation System), etc.), AI (Artificial Intelligence) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. In addition, the driving assistance system unit 2030 transmits and receives various information via the communication module 2013 to realize the driving assistance function or the autonomous driving function.

[0152] The communication module 2013 can communicate with the microprocessor 2031 and components of the vehicle 2001 via the communication port. For example, the communication module 2013 transmits and receives data via the communication port 2033 to and from the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, axle 2009, microprocessor 2031 and memory (ROM, RAM) 2032 in the electronic control unit 2010, and sensors 2021 to 29, which are provided in the vehicle 2001.

[0153] The communication module 2013 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 2031 of the electronic control unit 2010 and can communicate with an external device. For example, it transmits and receives various information to and from the external device via wireless communication. The communication module 2013 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 2010. The external device may be, for example, a base station, a mobile station, or the like.

[0154] The communication module 2013 may transmit at least one of signals from the above-mentioned various sensors 2021 to 2029 input to the electronic control unit 2010, information obtained based on the signals, and information based on input from the outside (user) obtained via the information service unit 2012 to an external device via wireless communication. The electronic control unit 2010, the various sensors 2021 to 2029, the information service unit 2012, etc. may be referred to as input units that accept input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 2013 may include information based on the above-mentioned input.

[0155] The communication module 2013 receives various information (traffic information, traffic signal information, vehicle distance information, etc.) transmitted from an external device and displays it on the information service unit 2012 provided in the vehicle 2001. The information service unit 2012 may also be called an output unit that outputs information (for example, outputs information to a device such as a display or speaker based on the PDSCH received by the communication module 2013 (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH)).

[0156] Furthermore, the communication module 2013 stores various information received from external devices in a memory 2032 that can be used by the microprocessor 2031. Based on the information stored in the memory 2032, the microprocessor 2031 may control the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, axle 2009, sensors 2021 to 2029, and the like provided in the vehicle 2001.

[0157] <Meaning and Interpretation of Terms> As used in this disclosure, the terms "determining" and "determining" may encompass a wide variety of actions. "Determining" and "determining" may include, for example, judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, searching, inquiring (e.g., searching a table, database, or other data structure), ascertaining something that is considered to be a "judging" or "determining," and the like. "Determining" and "determining" may also include receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input, output, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), and the like that are considered to be a "judging" or "determining." Furthermore, "judgment" and "decision" can include regarding resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. as having been "judged" or "decided." In other words, "judgment" and "decision" can include regarding some action as having been "judged" or "decided." Furthermore, "judgment (decision)" can be interpreted as "assuming," "expecting," "considering," etc.

[0158] The terms "connected," "coupled," or any variation thereof, refer to any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are "connected" or "coupled" to each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, "connected" may be read as "access." As used in this disclosure, two elements may be considered to be "connected" or "coupled" to each other using one or more wires, cables, and / or printed electrical connections, as well as electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency range, microwave range, and optical (both visible and invisible) range, as some non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples.

[0159] <Reference Signal> A reference signal can also be abbreviated as RS (Reference Signal), and may also be called a pilot depending on the applicable standard.

[0160] <Meaning of "based on"> As used in this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based only on," unless expressly stated otherwise. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based only on" and "based at least on."

[0161] "First," "Second" Any reference to an element using designations such as "first," "second," etc., used in this disclosure does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Thus, a reference to a first and a second element does not imply that only two elements may be employed or that the first element must precede the second element in some way.

[0162] <Means> The "means" in the configuration of each device above may be replaced with "section," "circuit," "device," etc.

[0163] Open Format: When the terms "include," "including," and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms are intended to be inclusive, similar to the term "comprising." Furthermore, when the term "or" is used in this disclosure, it is not intended to be an exclusive or.

[0164] <Time Units such as TTI, Frequency Units such as RB, and Radio Frame Configuration> A radio frame may be composed of one or more frames in the time domain. Each of the one or more frames in the time domain may be called a subframe. A subframe may further be composed of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

[0165] Numerology may be a communication parameter that applies to the transmission and / or reception of a signal or channel, and may indicate, for example, at least one of subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame structure, specific filtering operations performed by the transceiver in the frequency domain, and specific windowing operations performed by the transceiver in the time domain.

[0166] A slot may be composed of one or more symbols in the time domain (such as an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol or a Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbol). A slot may be a time unit based on numerology.

[0167] A slot may include multiple minislots. Each minislot may consist of one or multiple symbols in the time domain. A minislot may also be called a subslot. A minislot may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a minislot may be called PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a minislot may be called PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0168] The radio frame, subframe, slot, minislot, and symbol all represent time units for transmitting signals, and may be referred to by other names corresponding to the radio frame, subframe, slot, minislot, and symbol.

[0169] For example, one subframe may be called a transmission time interval (TTI), multiple consecutive subframes may be called a TTI, or one slot or one minislot may be called a TTI. That is, at least one of the subframe and the TTI may be a subframe (1 ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1 ms (for example, 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Note that the unit representing the TTI may be called a slot, minislot, etc. instead of a subframe.

[0170] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest time unit for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, a base station performs scheduling to allocate radio resources (such as frequency bandwidth and transmission power that can be used by each user terminal) to each user terminal in TTI units. Note that the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0171] The TTI may be a transmission time unit for a channel-encoded data packet (transport block), a code block, a code word, etc., or may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. When a TTI is given, the time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) to which a transport block, a code block, a code word, etc. is actually mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

[0172] When one slot or one minislot is called a TTI, one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more minislots) may be the minimum time unit for scheduling. Also, the number of slots (minislots) constituting the minimum time unit for scheduling may be controlled.

[0173] A TTI having a time length of 1 ms may be called a regular TTI (TTI in LTE Rel. 8-12), normal TTI, long TTI, regular subframe, normal subframe, long subframe, slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a regular TTI may be called a shortened TTI, short TTI, partial or fractional TTI, shortened subframe, short subframe, minislot, subslot, slot, etc.

[0174] In addition, a long TTI (e.g., a normal TTI, a subframe, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a time length of more than 1 ms, and a short TTI (e.g., a shortened TTI, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a TTI length shorter than the TTI length of a long TTI and greater than or equal to 1 ms.

[0175] A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and the frequency domain, and may include one or more consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be the same regardless of numerology, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be determined based on numerology.

[0176] The time domain of an RB may include one or more symbols and may have a length of one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI. One TTI, one subframe, etc. may each be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[0177] Note that one or more RBs may also be called a physical resource block (PRB), a sub-carrier group (SCG), a resource element group (REG), a PRB pair, an RB pair, etc.

[0178] Furthermore, a resource block may be composed of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource region of one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0179] A Bandwidth Part (BWP) (which may also be referred to as a fractional bandwidth) may represent a subset of contiguous common resource blocks (RBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier, where the common RBs may be identified by their index relative to a Common Reference Point of the carrier. PRBs may be defined in a BWP and numbered within the BWP.

[0180] The BWP may include a BWP for UL (UL BWP) and a BWP for DL ​​(DL BWP). One or more BWPs may be configured for a UE within one carrier.

[0181] At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE may not expect to transmit or receive a given signal / channel outside the active BWP. Note that the terms "cell," "carrier," etc. in this disclosure may be read as "BWP."

[0182] The above-described structures of radio frames, subframes, slots, minislots, symbols, etc. are merely examples, and various changes may be made to the number of subframes included in a radio frame, the number of slots per subframe or radio frame, the number of minislots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, the number of symbols in a TTI, the symbol length, the cyclic prefix (CP) length, etc.

[0183] <Maximum Transmit Power> The "maximum transmit power" in the present disclosure may refer to the maximum value of transmit power, the nominal UE maximum transmit power, or the rated UE maximum transmit power.

[0184] Articles In this disclosure, where articles are added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, the disclosure may include that the nouns following these articles are in the plural form.

[0185] <"Different"> In the present disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." Note that the term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "coupled" may also be interpreted in the same way as "different."

[0186] One aspect of the present disclosure is useful in wireless communication systems.

[0187] 100 Base station 200 Terminal C1, C2 Control device 101, 202 Transmitter 102, 201 Receiver 103, 203 Control unit

Claims

1. A control device that controls a radio access network in near real time, comprising: a receiving unit that receives a power control policy from a control device that controls the radio access network in non-real time; and a control unit that determines a target received power of an uplink signal to be received by a base station based on the policy.

2. The control device according to claim 1, further comprising a transmitter that transmits the target received power to the base station via an E2 interface.

3. The control device according to claim 1, wherein the receiving unit receives the current uplink signal reception power and terminal measurements from the base station, and the control unit determines the target reception power based on the policy, the reception power, and the measurements.

4. The control device according to claim 3, wherein the control unit calculates the amount of interference of an uplink signal based on the received power and the measurement, and determines the target received power based on the policy and the amount of interference.

5. The control device according to claim 3, wherein the receiving unit receives the received power and the measurements through a query service.

6. A power control method, in which a control device that controls a radio access network in near real time receives a power control policy from a control device that controls the radio access network in non-real time, and determines a target received power of an uplink signal to be received by a base station based on the policy.

Images