Communication method, first device, second device, communication system, and storage medium

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a communication method, a first device, a second device, a communication system, and a storage medium. The communication method comprises: a first device sends first information to a second device. An on-and-off keying (OOK) symbol carrying the first information occupies one or more orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, the time length of each OFDM symbol among the one or more OFDM symbols corresponding to the length of M OOK symbols, and M being a positive integer. The last OFDM symbol among the one or more OFDM symbols corresponds to a first number of OOK symbols and a second number of OOK symbols, the first number of OOK symbols being used for carrying the first information, and the sum of the first number and the second number being M. The level of the last OOK symbol among the second number of OOK symbols is the same as the level of the first OOK symbol among the first number of OOK symbols. By means of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the accuracy of information transmission can be improved.

Description

Communication method, first device, second device, communication system and storage medium Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to communication methods, first devices, second devices, communication systems, and storage media. Background Technology

[0002] In Ambient IoT (A-IoT) communication scenarios, for Reader-to-device (R2D) links, one Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol can correspond to multiple On-and-Off Keying (OOK) symbols. The last OFDM symbol may not be completely filled by OOK symbols (i.e., the end position of the last OOK symbol is not aligned with the end position of the OFDM symbol). In this case, additional rising / falling edges may be introduced, leading to decoding errors.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] The problem that needs to be solved is how to avoid generating extra rising / falling edges during the decoding process, which could lead to decoding errors.

[0005] This disclosure provides a communication method, a first device, a second device, a communication system, and a storage medium.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a communication method is proposed, the method comprising: a first device sending first information to a second device; wherein an on / off keying (OOK) symbol carrying the first information occupies one or more orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, the time length of each of the one or more OFDM symbols corresponds to the length of M OOK symbols, where M is a positive integer; the last OFDM symbol of the one or more OFDM symbols corresponds to a first number of OOK symbols and a second number of OOK symbols, the first number of OOK symbols is used to carry the first information, the sum of the first number and the second number is M, and the level of the last OOK symbol in the second number of OOK symbols is the same as the level of the first OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols.

[0007] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a communication method is proposed, the method comprising: a second device receiving first information sent by a first device; wherein an on / off keying (OOK) symbol carrying the first information occupies one or more orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, the time length of each OFDM symbol in the one or more OFDM symbols corresponds to the length of M OOK symbols, where M is a positive integer; the last OFDM symbol in the one or more OFDM symbols corresponds to a first number of OOK symbols and a second number of OOK symbols, the first number of OOK symbols is used to carry the first information, the sum of the first number and the second number is M, and the level of the last OOK symbol in the second number of OOK symbols is the same as the level of the first OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols.

[0008] According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, a first device is provided, comprising: a transceiver module for transmitting first information to a second device; wherein an on / off keying (OOK) symbol carrying the first information occupies one or more orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, the time length of each OFDM symbol in the one or more OFDM symbols corresponds to the length of M OOK symbols, where M is a positive integer; the last OFDM symbol in the one or more OFDM symbols corresponds to a first number of OOK symbols and a second number of OOK symbols, the first number of OOK symbols is used to carry the first information, the sum of the first number and the second number is M, and the level of the last OOK symbol in the second number of OOK symbols is the same as the level of the first OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols.

[0009] According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a second device is provided, comprising: a transceiver module for receiving first information transmitted by a first device; wherein an on / off keying (OOK) symbol carrying the first information occupies one or more orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, the time length of each OFDM symbol in the one or more OFDM symbols corresponds to the length of M OOK symbols, where M is a positive integer; the last OFDM symbol in the one or more OFDM symbols corresponds to a first number of OOK symbols and a second number of OOK symbols, the first number of OOK symbols is used to carry the first information, the sum of the first number and the second number is M, and the level of the last OOK symbol in the second number of OOK symbols is the same as the level of the first OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols.

[0010] According to a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, a first device is provided, comprising: one or more processors; wherein the processors are configured to perform the communication method of the first aspect.

[0011] According to a sixth aspect of the present disclosure, a second device is provided, comprising: one or more processors; wherein the processors are configured to perform the communication method of the second aspect.

[0012] According to a seventh aspect of the present disclosure, a communication system is provided, including a first device and a second device, wherein the first device is configured to implement the communication method of the first aspect, and the second device is configured to implement the communication method of the second aspect.

[0013] According to an eighth aspect of the present disclosure, a storage medium is provided that stores instructions, characterized in that, when the instructions are executed on a communication device, the communication device performs the method of the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0014] According to a ninth aspect of the present disclosure, a computer program is provided that, when executed by a communication device, causes the communication device to perform the communication method of the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0015] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the last OFDM symbol occupied by the OOK symbol carrying the first information includes a first number of OOK symbols and a second number of OOK symbols. The first number of OOK symbols is used to carry the first information, and the second number of OOK symbols is used to fill the last OFDM, so that the last OOK symbol is aligned with the last OFDM. The level of the last OOK symbol is the same as the level of the first OOK symbol, and the cyclic prefix of the last OFDM is the same as the level of the last OOK symbol. This ensures that no additional rising / falling edges are generated during the decoding process, avoiding decoding errors caused by additional rising / falling edges, thereby improving the accuracy of information transmission. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments are introduced below. The following drawings are only some embodiments of this disclosure and do not impose specific limitations on the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0017] Figure 1A is a schematic diagram illustrating an inventory process according to an example.

[0018] Figure 1B is a schematic diagram illustrating how different random numbers are generated based on the Q value in RFID to avoid collisions between tags, according to an example.

[0019] Figure 1C is a schematic diagram of OOK1 generation and symbol mapping according to an example.

[0020] Figure 1D is a schematic diagram of OOK4 generation and symbol mapping according to an example.

[0021] Figure 1E is a schematic diagram illustrating the misalignment of the last OFDM symbol and the last OOK symbol according to an example.

[0022] Figure 1F is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 2A is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 2B is a schematic diagram showing the misalignment of the last OFDM symbol and the first number of OOK symbols according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 2C is a schematic diagram illustrating the filling of OFDM symbols according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] Figure 2D is a schematic diagram illustrating the filling of OFDM symbols according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] Figure 2E is a schematic diagram illustrating the filling of OFDM symbols according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] Figure 2F is a schematic diagram illustrating the filling of OFDM symbols according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0029] Figure 2G is a schematic diagram illustrating the filling of OFDM symbols according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] Figure 3 is a flowchart illustrating a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0031] Figure 4 is a flowchart illustrating a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0032] Figure 5A is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first device proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0033] Figure 5B is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second device proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0034] Figure 6A is a schematic diagram of the structure of the communication device proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0035] Figure 6B is a schematic diagram of the chip structure proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0036] This disclosure provides a communication method, a first device, a second device, a communication system, and a storage medium.

[0037] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure propose a communication method, the method comprising: a first device sending first information to a second device; wherein, an OOK symbol carrying the first information occupies one or more Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, the time length of each OFDM symbol in the one or more OFDM symbols corresponds to the length of M OOK symbols, where M is a positive integer; the last OFDM symbol in the one or more OFDM symbols corresponds to a first number of OOK symbols and a second number of OOK symbols, the first number of OOK symbols is used to carry the first information, the sum of the first number and the second number is M, and the level of the last OOK symbol in the second number of OOK symbols is the same as the level of the first OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols.

[0038] In the above embodiment, the last OFDM symbol occupied by the OOK symbol carrying the first information includes a first number of OOK symbols and a second number of OOK symbols. The first number of OOK symbols is used to carry the first information, and the second number of OOK symbols is used to fill the last OFDM, so that the last OOK symbol is aligned with the last OFDM. The level of the last OOK symbol is the same as the level of the first OOK symbol, and the cyclic prefix of the last OFDM is the same as the level of the last OOK symbol. This ensures that no additional rising / falling edges are generated during the decoding process, avoiding decoding errors caused by additional rising / falling edges, thereby improving the accuracy of information transmission.

[0039] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the last OOK symbol in the second number of OOK symbols is obtained by copying the first OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols.

[0040] In the above embodiment, the last OOK symbol in the second number of OOK symbols is obtained by copying the first OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols, so that the level of the last OOK symbol is the same as the level of the first OOK symbol.

[0041] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the level of the first OOK symbol among the first number of OOK symbols is high.

[0042] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the level of the OOK symbol between the last OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols and the last OOK symbol in the second number of OOK symbols is high; or, the level of the OOK symbol between the last OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols and the last OOK symbol in the second number of OOK symbols is low.

[0043] In the above embodiments, the above padding method can be used to align the OOK symbol with the last OFDM, thereby improving the decoding accuracy.

[0044] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the last information bit carrying the first information in the last OFDM is the first information bit, and the last information bit carried by the last OFDM is the second information bit; the first information bit and the second information bit are both filled with the first bit; or, the first information bit and the second information bit are both filled with the second bit; or, the information bits filled between the first information bit and the second information bit are all the same as the first information bit; or, the information bits filled between the first information bit and the second information bit are all the same as the second information bit.

[0045] In the above embodiments, the above padding method can be used to align the OOK symbol with the last OFDM, thereby improving the decoding accuracy.

[0046] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first information includes information for indicating the current transmission length.

[0047] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the second number of OOK symbols is obtained by padding a post-sequence, the level of which is the same as the level of the first OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols.

[0048] In the above embodiments, the above padding method can be used to align the OOK symbol with the last OFDM, thereby improving the decoding accuracy.

[0049] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the length of the post-sequence is an integer multiple of the length of the OOK symbol, and the end position of the post-sequence is aligned with the end position of the last OFDM symbol.

[0050] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the length of the post-sequence is an integer multiple of the length of the OOK symbol, and the end position of the post-sequence is aligned with the end position of the first OFDM symbol, which is the OFDM symbol following the last OFDM symbol.

[0051] In the above embodiments, the above padding method can be used to align the OOK symbol with the last OFDM, thereby improving the decoding accuracy.

[0052] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the post sequence includes a first post sequence and a second post sequence, the end position of the first post sequence is aligned with the end position of the last OFDM symbol, the second post sequence follows the first post sequence, the length of the second post sequence is an integer multiple of the OFDM length, and the level corresponding to the second post sequence is either high or low.

[0053] In the above embodiments, the above padding method can be used to align the OOK symbol with the last OFDM, thereby improving the decoding accuracy.

[0054] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first device is a passive Internet of Things (A-IoT) device, and the second device is a reader / writer.

[0055] Secondly, this disclosure provides a communication method, the method comprising: a second device receiving first information sent by a first device; wherein an OOK symbol carrying the first information occupies one or more Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, the time length of each OFDM symbol in the one or more OFDM symbols corresponds to the length of M OOK symbols, where M is a positive integer; the last OFDM symbol in the one or more OFDM symbols corresponds to a first number of OOK symbols and a second number of OOK symbols, the first number of OOK symbols is used to carry the first information, the sum of the first number and the second number is M, and the level of the last OOK symbol in the second number of OOK symbols is the same as the level of the first OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols.

[0056] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the last OOK symbol in the second number of OOK symbols is obtained by copying the first OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols.

[0057] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the level of the first OOK symbol among the first number of OOK symbols is high.

[0058] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the level of the OOK symbol between the last OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols and the last OOK symbol in the second number of OOK symbols is high; or, the level of the OOK symbol between the last OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols and the last OOK symbol in the second number of OOK symbols is low.

[0059] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the last information bit carrying the first information in the last OFDM is the first information bit, and the last information bit carried by the last OFDM is the second information bit; the first information bit and the second information bit are both filled with the first bit; or, the first information bit and the second information bit are both filled with the second bit; or, the information bits filled between the first information bit and the second information bit are all the same as the first information bit; or, the information bits filled between the first information bit and the second information bit are all the same as the second information bit.

[0060] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first information includes information for indicating the current transmission length.

[0061] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the second number of OOK symbols is obtained by padding a post-sequence, the level of which is the same as the level of the first OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols.

[0062] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the length of the post-sequence is an integer multiple of the length of the OOK symbol, and the end position of the post-sequence is aligned with the end position of the last OFDM symbol.

[0063] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the length of the post-sequence is an integer multiple of the length of the OOK symbol, and the end position of the post-sequence is aligned with the end position of the first OFDM symbol, which is the OFDM symbol following the last OFDM symbol.

[0064] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the post sequence includes a first post sequence and a second post sequence, the end position of the first post sequence is aligned with the end position of the last OFDM symbol, the second post sequence follows the first post sequence, the length of the second post sequence is an integer multiple of the OFDM length, and the level corresponding to the second post sequence is either high or low.

[0065] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first device is a passive Internet of Things (A-IoT) device, and the second device is a reader / writer.

[0066] Thirdly, this disclosure provides a first device, comprising: a transceiver module for sending first information to a second device; wherein, an OOK symbol carrying the first information occupies one or more Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, the time length of each OFDM symbol in the one or more OFDM symbols corresponds to the length of M OOK symbols, where M is a positive integer; the last OFDM symbol in the one or more OFDM symbols corresponds to a first number of OOK symbols and a second number of OOK symbols, the first number of OOK symbols is used to carry the first information, the sum of the first number and the second number is M, and the level of the last OOK symbol in the second number of OOK symbols is the same as the level of the first OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols.

[0067] Fourthly, this disclosure provides a second device, comprising: a transceiver module for receiving first information transmitted by a first device; wherein, an OOK symbol carrying the first information occupies one or more Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, the time length of each OFDM symbol in the one or more OFDM symbols corresponds to the length of M OOK symbols, where M is a positive integer; the last OFDM symbol in the one or more OFDM symbols corresponds to a first number of OOK symbols and a second number of OOK symbols, the first number of OOK symbols is used to carry the first information, the sum of the first number and the second number is M, and the level of the last OOK symbol in the second number of OOK symbols is the same as the level of the first OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols.

[0068] Fifthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a first device comprising: one or more processors; wherein the processors are configured to execute the communication method of the first aspect.

[0069] In a sixth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a second device comprising: one or more processors; wherein the processors are configured to perform the communication method of the second aspect.

[0070] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication system including a first device and a second device, wherein the first device is configured to implement the communication method of the first aspect, and the second device is configured to implement the communication method of the second aspect.

[0071] Eighthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a storage medium storing instructions, characterized in that, when the instructions are executed on a communication device, the communication device performs the method of the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0072] Ninthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a program product that, when executed by a communication device, causes the communication device to perform the method as described in the optional implementations of the first or second aspect.

[0073] In a tenth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer program that, when executed by a communication device, causes the communication device to perform any of the aforementioned communication methods.

[0074] Eleventhly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a chip or chip system. The chip or chip system includes processing circuitry configured to perform the methods described in optional implementations of the first or second aspect.

[0075] It is understood that the first device, the second device, the communication system, the storage medium, the program product, the computer program, the chip, or the chip system described above are all used to perform the methods proposed in the embodiments of this disclosure. Therefore, the beneficial effects that can be achieved can be referred to the beneficial effects in the corresponding methods, and will not be repeated here.

[0076] This disclosure provides embodiments of a communication method, a first device, a second device, a communication system, and a storage medium. In some embodiments, the terms "communication method" and "information sending method," "information receiving method," etc., may be used interchangeably.

[0077] This disclosure is not exhaustive, but merely illustrative of some embodiments, and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this disclosure. Unless otherwise specified, each step in a particular embodiment can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the steps can be arbitrarily combined. For example, a solution after removing some steps in a particular embodiment can also be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the order of the steps in a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily interchanged. Furthermore, the optional implementation methods in a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily combined; moreover, the embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, for example, some or all steps of different embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily combined with the optional implementation methods of other embodiments.

[0078] In each of the disclosed embodiments, unless otherwise specified or in case of logical conflict, the terminology and / or descriptions of the embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. Technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments based on their inherent logical relationships.

[0079] The terminology used in the embodiments of this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure.

[0080] In this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, elements expressed in the singular form, such as "a," "an," "the," "the," "the," "the," "the," "the," "this," etc., can mean "one and only one," or "one or more," "at least one," etc. For example, when using articles such as "a," "an," "the," etc. in translation, the noun following the article can be understood as either a singular or a plural expression.

[0081] In the embodiments disclosed herein, "multiple" refers to two or more.

[0082] In some embodiments, the terms “at least one of”, “one or more”, “a plurality of”, “multiple”, etc., may be used interchangeably.

[0083] In some embodiments, the notation "at least one of A and B", "A and / or B", "A in one case, B in another", "in response to one case A, in response to another case B", etc., may include the following technical solutions depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (execute A regardless of B); in some embodiments, B (execute B regardless of A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed); in some embodiments, A and B (both A and B are executed). The same applies when there are more branches such as A, B, C, etc.

[0084] In some embodiments, the notation "A or B" may include the following technical solutions, depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (execution of A regardless of B); in some embodiments, B (execution of B regardless of A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed). The same applies when there are more branches such as A, B, C, etc.

[0085] The prefixes "first," "second," etc., used in the embodiments of this disclosure are merely for distinguishing different descriptive objects and do not impose restrictions on the position, order, priority, quantity, or content of the descriptive objects. The description of the descriptive objects is found in the claims or the context of the embodiments, and the use of prefixes should not constitute unnecessary restrictions. For example, if the descriptive object is a "field," the ordinal numbers preceding "field" in "first field" and "second field" do not restrict the position or order of the "fields." "First" and "second" do not restrict whether the "fields" they modify are in the same message, nor do they restrict the order of "first field" and "second field." Similarly, if the descriptive object is a "level," the ordinal numbers preceding "level" in "first level" and "second level" do not restrict the priority between "levels." Furthermore, the number of descriptive objects is not limited by ordinal numbers and can be one or more. For example, in "first device," the number of "devices" can be one or more. Furthermore, the objects modified by different prefixes can be the same or different. For example, if the object being described is "device", then "first device" and "second device" can be the same device or different devices, and their types can be the same or different. Similarly, if the object being described is "information", then "first information" and "second information" can be the same information or different information, and their content can be the same or different.

[0086] In some embodiments, “including A,” “containing A,” “for indicating A,” and “carrying A” can be interpreted as directly carrying A or indirectly indicating A.

[0087] In some embodiments, the terms “in response to…”, “in response to determining…”, “in the case of…”, “when…”, “if…”, “if…”, etc., can be used interchangeably.

[0088] In some embodiments, the terms “greater than,” “greater than or equal to,” “not less than,” “more than,” “more than or equal to,” “not less than,” “higher than,” “higher than or equal to,” “not lower than,” and “above” can be used interchangeably, as can the terms “less than,” “less than or equal to,” “not greater than,” “less than,” “less than or equal to,” “not more than,” “lower than,” “lower than or equal to,” “not higher than,” and “below”.

[0089] In some embodiments, devices, etc., can be interpreted as physical or virtual, and their names are not limited to the names recorded in the embodiments. Terms such as “device”, “equipment”, “circuit”, “network element”, “node”, “function”, “unit”, “section”, “system”, “network”, “chip”, “chip system”, “entity”, and “subject” can be used interchangeably.

[0090] In some embodiments, "network" can be interpreted as devices included in a network (e.g., access network devices, core network devices, etc.).

[0091] In some embodiments, the terms "access network device (AN device)," "radio access network device (RAN device)," "base station (BS)," "radio base station," "fixed station," "node," "access point," "transmission point (TP)," "reception point (RP)," "transmission / reception point (TRP)," "panel," "antenna panel," "antenna array," "cell," "macro cell," "small cell," "femto cell," "pico cell," "sector," "cell group," "serving cell," "carrier," "component carrier," and "bandwidth part (BWP)" can be used interchangeably.

[0092] In some embodiments, the terms "terminal", "terminal device", "user equipment (UE)", "user terminal", "mobile station (MS)", "mobile terminal (MT)", "subscriber station", "mobile unit", "subscriber unit", "wireless unit", "remote unit", "mobile device", "wireless device", "wireless communication device", "remote device", "mobile subscriber station", "access terminal", "mobile terminal", "wireless terminal", "remote terminal", "handset", "user agent", "mobile client", and "client" can be used interchangeably.

[0093] In some embodiments, access network devices, core network devices, or network devices can be replaced by terminals. For example, embodiments of this disclosure can also be applied to structures where communication between access network devices, core network devices, or network devices and terminals is replaced by communication between multiple terminals (e.g., device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X), etc.). In this case, the structure can also be configured such that the terminal has all or part of the functions of the access network device. Furthermore, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" can be replaced with terms corresponding to communication between terminals (e.g., "sidelink"). For example, uplink channel, downlink channel, etc., can be replaced with sidelink channel, and uplink link, downlink, etc., can be replaced with sidelink link.

[0094] In some embodiments, the terminal may be replaced by an access network device, a core network device, or a network device. In this case, the access network device, core network device, or network device may also be configured to have all or some of the functions of the terminal.

[0095] In some embodiments, the acquisition of data, information, etc., may comply with the laws and regulations of the country where the location is situated.

[0096] In some embodiments, data, information, etc., may be obtained with the user's consent.

[0097] Furthermore, each element, each row, or each column in the table of this disclosure can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and any combination of any element, any row, or any column can also be implemented as an independent embodiment.

[0098] In the design of Ambient IoT (A-IoT), it is necessary to support non-activated devices (Device A and B), which do not have radio frequency transmission capabilities themselves and need to obtain transmission energy through backscattering. The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) design must at least support tag inventory as a basic use case. Its design can refer to Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), where inventory is performed using the command set shown in Table 1.

[0099] Table 1

[0100] In Ambient IoT, assuming that the corresponding inventory commands are still carried by channels such as the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDSCH) / Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH), including but not limited to scenarios where the base station (BS) acts as a reader and the tag acts as a device, the corresponding inventory commands and device replies can still be carried by channels such as PDSCH / PUSCH, similar to NR.

[0101] Figure 1A is a schematic diagram illustrating an inventory process according to an example.

[0102] Referring to Figure 1A, the Select command, Query command, ACK character and QueryRep command involved in the inventory process can be carried by PDSCH, and RN16 (16-bit random number) and data can be carried by PUSCH.

[0103] Figure 1B is a schematic diagram illustrating how different random numbers are generated based on the Q value in RFID to avoid collisions between tags, according to an example.

[0104] Referring to Figure 1B, upon receiving a query command, a tag enters the arbitrate state, which can be considered the tag's "holding state." It sets a corresponding counter value based on the Q value in the command (e.g., Q value for tag 1 is value #1, and Q value for tag 2 is value #2), and decrements this value by 1 each time a QueryRep command is received. When the value reaches 0, the tag transitions to the response state and backscatters RN16. If an ACK (acknowledgment character) is received, the tag's access is confirmed as successful; otherwise, if an invalid ACK or an ACK with an erroneous RN16 is received, or if no corresponding command is received by T2 (max), the tag returns to the arbitrate state. Different A_IoT devices can generate different random numbers based on the Q value.

[0105] For R2D (Reader to Device) transmission in A-IoT, related technologies have agreed that OOK (On-and-Off Keying) 1 and OOK M are possible modulation methods. This means that the OOK symbol (chip) is aligned with the NR symbol, and each OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) symbol includes one or M OOK symbols, where M is a positive integer. The advantage of this design is that it allows for better coexistence with NR systems and avoids interference with them.

[0106] Figure 1C is a schematic diagram illustrating the generation and symbol mapping of OOK1 according to an example. Figure 1D is a schematic diagram illustrating the generation and symbol mapping of OOK4 according to an example.

[0107] In some embodiments, OOK1 can be generated using the method shown in Figure 1C, meaning one OFDM symbol includes one OOK symbol. For example, an OFDM symbol can be generated using Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (iFFT) + Cyclic Prefix (CP). Fourier transform processing can be performed on the low-power wake-up signal (LP-WUS) 0 to (N-1) and the remaining NR signal to generate one OFDM symbol. This one OFDM symbol includes one OOK symbol. The LP-WUS can include one or more subcarriers (SC). In some embodiments, OOK4 can be generated using the method shown in Figure 1D, meaning one OFDM symbol includes four OOK symbols. For example, signal generation and modification, discrete Fourier transform (DFT) / least square, and transform modulation (Truncation N'→N And modification) can be performed. Fourier transforms can be applied to the LP-WUS time (time domain) from 0 to (N-1) and the remaining NR signal to generate one OFDM symbol. This OFDM symbol includes four OOK symbols. However, in the case of OOK4, it is possible that the number of bits transmitted by R2D results in the number of corresponding OOK symbols not being an integer multiple of M. This could lead to a situation where the last OFDM symbol occupied by the OOK symbols transmitted by R2D is only partially occupied (i.e., the last OFDM symbol includes a portion of the OOK symbols, and the end position of the OOK symbols is not aligned with the end position of the OFDM symbols). Since the OFDM transmitter needs to be reused, and the OFDM symbol is obtained by copying the last OOK symbol of the OFDM symbol to the beginning of the OFDM symbol to obtain the Cyclic Prefix (CP), how to handle the CP to avoid additional rising / falling edges affecting decoding performance when the end position of the OOK symbol and the end position of the OFDM symbol are not aligned is a technical problem that needs to be solved.

[0108] Figure 1E is a schematic diagram illustrating the misalignment of the last OFDM symbol and the last OOK symbol according to an example.

[0109] Referring to Figure 1E, taking M=4 as an example, an OFDM symbol can include 4 OOK symbols. If the end-of-transmission position (also called the end-of-transmission time) of the last OOK symbol is not aligned with the end position of the last OFDM symbol (i.e., if the last OFDM symbol is not filled with OOK symbols), the CP obtained by copying from the last position of the last OFDM symbol will be low (since the last position has no symbol filling, it can be considered low). Simultaneously, if the level of the first OOK symbol after the CP of the last OFDM symbol is high, it may introduce an additional rising edge during decoding, causing decoding errors.

[0110] This disclosure provides a communication method in which the last OFDM symbol occupied by the OOK symbol carrying first information includes a first number of OOK symbols and a second number of OOK symbols. The first number of OOK symbols is used to carry the first information, and the second number of OOK symbols is used to fill the last OFDM, so that the last OOK symbol is aligned with the last OFDM. The level of the last OOK symbol is the same as the level of the first OOK symbol, and the cyclic prefix of the last OFDM is the same as the level of the last OOK symbol. This ensures that no additional rising / falling edges are generated during the decoding process, avoiding decoding errors caused by additional rising / falling edges, thereby improving the accuracy of information transmission.

[0111] Figure 1F is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0112] As shown in Figure 1F, the communication system 100 includes a first device 101 and a second device 102.

[0113] In some embodiments, the first device 101 is an A-IoT device, which may be a device in R2D, such as a tag.

[0114] In some embodiments, the second device 102 may be a reader or a reader in R2D. The second device 102 may be, for example, an access network device (e.g., a base station) or a terminal.

[0115] In some embodiments, the terminal may be a user equipment (UE), including, but not limited to, at least one of the following: mobile phone, wearable device, Internet of Things device, car with communication function, smart car, tablet computer, computer with wireless transceiver function, virtual reality (VR) terminal device, augmented reality (AR) terminal device, wireless terminal device in industrial control, wireless terminal device in self-driving, wireless terminal device in remote medical surgery, wireless terminal device in smart grid, wireless terminal device in transportation safety, wireless terminal device in smart city, and wireless terminal device in smart home.

[0116] In some embodiments, the access network device is, for example, a node or device that connects a terminal to a wireless network. The access network device may include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following in a 5G communication system: evolved Node B (eNB), next-generation eNB (ng-eNB), next-generation Node B (gNB), node B (NB), home node B (HNB), home evolved node B (HeNB), radio backhaul device, radio network controller (RNC), base station controller (BSC), base transceiver station (BTS), base band unit (BBU), mobile switching center, base station in a 6G communication system, open RAN, cloud RAN, base station in other communication systems, and access node in a Wi-Fi system.

[0117] In some embodiments, the technical solutions of this disclosure can be applied to the Open RAN architecture. In this case, the interfaces between or within access network devices involved in the embodiments of this disclosure can be transformed into internal interfaces of Open RAN. The processes and information interactions between these internal interfaces can be implemented by software or programs.

[0118] In some embodiments, the access network device may be composed of a central unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU). The CU may also be called a control unit. The CU-DU structure can separate the protocol layer of the access network device. Some of the protocol layer functions are centrally controlled by the CU, while the remaining part or all of the protocol layer functions are distributed in the DU and centrally controlled by the CU. However, this is not the only possibility.

[0119] It is understood that the communication system described in this disclosure is for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of this disclosure, and does not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions proposed in this disclosure. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of system architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions proposed in this disclosure are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0120] The following embodiments of this disclosure can be applied to the communication system 100 shown in FIG1F, or to some of the main bodies, but are not limited thereto. The main bodies shown in FIG1F are illustrative. The communication system may include all or some of the main bodies in FIG1F, or it may include other main bodies outside of FIG1F. The number and form of each main body are arbitrary. Each main body may be physical or virtual. The connection relationship between the main bodies is illustrative. The main bodies may not be connected or may be connected. The connection can be in any way, it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection, it can be a wired connection or a wireless connection.

[0121] The embodiments disclosed herein can be applied to Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G new radio (NR), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), and IEEE 802.20, Ultra-Wideband (UWB), Bluetooth (a registered trademark), Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) networks, Device-to-Device (D2D) systems, Machine-to-Machine (M2M) systems, Internet of Things (IoT) systems, Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) systems, systems utilizing other communication methods, and next-generation systems built upon them, etc. Furthermore, multiple systems can be combined (e.g., a combination of LTE or LTE-A with 5G).

[0122] Figure 2A is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 2A, the embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a communication method, which includes:

[0123] Step S2101: The first device sends the first information to the second device.

[0124] In some embodiments, an OOK symbol carrying first information occupies one or more OFDM symbols, and each OFDM symbol in the one or more OFDM symbols corresponds to M OOK symbols, where M is a positive integer.

[0125] In this embodiment of the disclosure, each OFDM symbol in one or more OFDM symbols corresponds to M OOK symbols. This can be understood as the duration of each OFDM symbol corresponding to the length of M OOK symbols, or as the duration of each OFDM symbol including the length of M OOK symbols. The duration of an OFDM symbol refers to the duration of the OFDM symbol, and the length of an OOK symbol refers to the duration of the OOK symbol.

[0126] In some embodiments, the OOK symbol carrying the first information can be considered as the OOK symbol carrying the valid information. Each OFDM can correspond to M OOK symbols. The OOK symbols carrying the valid information can be an integer multiple of M or not. When the OOK symbols carrying the valid information are not an integer multiple of M, the last OOK symbol carrying the valid information is not aligned with the OFDM symbol, that is, there is an OFDM symbol that is not completely occupied by OOK symbols carrying the valid information.

[0127] In some embodiments, the last OFDM symbol in one or more OFDM symbols occupied by the OOK symbol carrying the first information corresponds to a first number of OOK symbols and a second number of OOK symbols. The first number of OOK symbols is used to carry the first information, and the second number of OOK symbols is used to fill the remaining part of the last OFDM symbol. The sum of the first number and the second number is M.

[0128] For example, each OFDM symbol corresponds to 4 OOK symbols (i.e., M=4). The last OFDM symbol is filled with 2 OOK symbols that carry valid information. In this case, the remaining 2 OOK symbols in the last OFDM symbol are not filled. In this case, the remaining part of the last OFDM symbol can be filled with 2 OOK symbols. These 2 OOK symbols do not carry valid information.

[0129] For example, if each OFDM symbol corresponds to 8 OOK symbols (i.e., M=8), and the last OFDM symbol is filled with 2 OOK symbols that carry valid information, then the remaining 6 OOK symbols in the last OFDM symbol are not filled. In this case, 6 OOK symbols can be used to fill the remaining part of the last OFDM symbol. These 6 OOK symbols do not carry valid information.

[0130] In some embodiments, the level of the last OOK symbol in the second number of OOK symbols is the same as the level of the first OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols. That is, the level of the last OOK symbol in the last OFDM symbol is the same as the level of the first OOK symbol in the last OFDM symbol. Simultaneously, the CP of the last OFDM symbol is obtained by copying the last OOK symbol, therefore the level of the CP of the last OFDM symbol is also the same as the level of the first OOK symbol in the last OFDM symbol, thus avoiding the reference of additional rising / falling edges.

[0131] In some embodiments, the last OOK symbol in the second number of OOK symbols is obtained by copying the first OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols. That is, the last OOK symbol in the last OFDM symbol is obtained by copying the first OOK symbol in the last OFDM symbol.

[0132] Figure 2B is a schematic diagram showing the misalignment of the last OFDM symbol and the first number of OOK symbols according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2C is a schematic diagram showing the filling of OFDM symbols according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2D is a schematic diagram showing the filling of OFDM symbols according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0133] Referring to Figure 2B, the first number of OOK symbols carrying the first information do not fill the last OFDM symbol, that is, the last OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols carrying the first information is not aligned with the last OFDM symbol.

[0134] Referring to Figure 2C, the first OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols (which is also the first OOK symbol of the last OFDM symbol) can be copied to the position of the last OOK symbol of the last OFDM symbol to obtain the last OOK symbol (which is also the last OOK symbol in the second number of OOK symbols). This ensures that the level of the last OOK symbol of the last OFDM symbol is the same as that of the first OOK symbol.

[0135] In some embodiments, the first OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols has a high level. That is, the first OOK symbol of the last OFDM symbol has a high level. Therefore, the last OOK symbol of the last OFDM symbol also has a high level.

[0136] In some embodiments, an OOK symbol with a high level can also be referred to as "OOK1". An OOK symbol with a low level can also be referred to as "OOK0".

[0137] In some embodiments, the CP level of the last OFDM symbol is the same as the level of the last OOK symbol of the last OFDM symbol (which is also the last OOK symbol in a second number of OOK symbols). The CP of the last OFDM symbol can be obtained by copying the last OOK symbol of the last OFDM symbol.

[0138] Referring to Figure 2D, the CP of the last OFDM symbol can be obtained by copying the last OOK symbol (which is also the last OOK symbol of the last OFDM symbol) from the second number of OOK symbols. This ensures that the CP of the last OFDM symbol has the same level as the first OOK symbol (e.g., both are high).

[0139] In some embodiments, the level of the last OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols and the OOK symbol between the last OOK symbol in the second number of OOK symbols are both high; or, the level of the last OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols and the OOK symbol between the last OOK symbol in the second number of OOK symbols are both low.

[0140] Among them, the last OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols and the OOK symbols between the last OOK symbols in the second number of OOK symbols are OOK symbols that do not carry valid information. Setting the voltage level of these OOK symbols to high or low can make the last OFDM completely filled.

[0141] Figure 2E is a schematic diagram illustrating the filling of OFDM symbols according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0142] Referring to Figure 2E, for example, the electrical levels of the OOK symbols between the last OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols and the last OOK symbol in the second number of OOK symbols are filled to low. This achieves the complete filling of the last OFDM.

[0143] In some embodiments, two OOK symbols can represent one information bit. For example, a high-level OOK symbol and a low-level OOK symbol can represent bit "1", and a low-level OOK symbol and a high-level OOK symbol can represent bit "0".

[0144] In some embodiments, the last OFDM may be padded in units of information bits.

[0145] For ease of description, the last information bit carrying the first information in the last OFDM is called the first information bit, and the last information bit carried in the last OFDM is called the second information bit.

[0146] In some embodiments, the space between the first information bit and the second information bit is filled with the first bit; or, the space between the first information bit and the second information bit is filled with the second bit; or, the space between the first information bit and the second information bit is filled with the same information bit as the first information bit; or, the space between the first information bit and the second information bit is filled with the same information bit as the second information bit.

[0147] The first bit can be a bit "1" and the second bit can be a bit "0".

[0148] Figure 2F is a schematic diagram illustrating the filling of OFDM symbols according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0149] Referring to Figure 2F, let's take an example where each OFDM symbol corresponds to 8 OOK symbols (i.e., M=8), and the last OFDM symbol has 2 OOK symbols carrying the first information. The last information bit carrying the first information in the last OFDM is called the first information bit. When only 2 OOK symbols in the last OFDM symbol carry the first information, the last information bit and the first information bit can be the same bit. The last information bit carried in the last OFDM is called the second information bit. Padding is applied between the first and second information bits to complete the last OFDM symbol.

[0150] Referring to Figure 2F, the first information bit can be bit "1" and the second information bit can be bit "0". All information bits between the first and second information bits can be set to bit "0".

[0151] It is understandable that the information bits between the first information bit and the second information bit can all be set to bit "1". Alternatively, the information bits between the first information bit and the second information bit can all be set to the same information bit as the first information bit. Or, the information bits between the first information bit and the second information bit can all be set to the same information bit as the second information bit.

[0152] In some embodiments, the first information sent by the first device to the second device includes information indicating the current transmission length. Alternatively, the first device sends information indicating the current transmission length to the second device. The current transmission length may be the length of the OOK symbol carrying valid information, the length of the OFDM occupied by the OOK symbol carrying valid information, or the length of the first information; this disclosure does not limit this.

[0153] In some embodiments, the second number of OOK symbols is obtained by postamble. That is, unfilled positions can be filled by postamble in the last OFDM symbol.

[0154] In some embodiments, the level of the post-sequence is the same as the level of the first OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols. Meanwhile, the CP of the last OFDM symbol is derived based on the level of the post-sequence, so the level of the CP of the last OFDM symbol is also the same as the level of the first OOK symbol in the last OFDM symbol, thus avoiding referencing additional rising / falling edges.

[0155] In some embodiments, the length of the post-sequence is an integer multiple of the length of the OOK symbols. For example, the length of the post-sequence is N times the length of the OOK symbols, where the OOK symbol length refers to the length of the OOK symbols. Alternatively, it can be said that the duration of the post-sequence is N OOK symbols.

[0156] In some embodiments, the end position of the follow sequence can be aligned with the end position of one of the OFDM symbols.

[0157] For example, the end position of the post-sequence is aligned with the end position of the last OFDM symbol (i.e., the last OFDM symbol in the OFDM symbols occupied by the OOK symbol carrying the first information).

[0158] For example, the end position of the subsequent sequence is aligned with the end position of the first OFDM symbol, which is the OFDM symbol following the last OFDM symbol (e.g., the next OFDM symbol after the last OFDM symbol, or the second OFDM symbol after the last OFDM symbol, or the third OFDM symbol after the last OFDM symbol).

[0159] In some embodiments, the value of N can be M minus the number of OOKs carrying the first information (in which case, the end position of the subsequent sequence is aligned with the end position of the last OFDM symbol).

[0160] In some embodiments, the value of N can be M minus the number of OOKs carrying the first information plus an integer multiple of M (in this case, the end position of the subsequent sequence is aligned with the end position of the OFDM symbol after the last OFDM symbol).

[0161] Figure 2G is a schematic diagram illustrating the filling of OFDM symbols according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0162] Referring to Figure 2G, for example, a post-sequence 1 can be padded so that the end position of post-sequence 1 is aligned with the end position of the last OFDM symbol.

[0163] Referring to Figure 2G, for example, a second post-sequence can be padded so that the end position of the second post-sequence is aligned with the end position of the OFDM symbol following the last OFDM symbol.

[0164] In some embodiments, the post-sequence includes a first post-sequence and a second post-sequence. The end position of the first post-sequence is aligned with the end position of the last OFDM symbol. The second post-sequence follows the first post-sequence. The length of the second post-sequence is an integer multiple of the OFDM length. The level corresponding to the second post-sequence is either high or low.

[0165] In some embodiments, the last OFDM symbol may be filled first using a first post-sequence, the level of which is the same as the level of the first OOK symbol in the last OFDM symbol. Then, a second post-sequence is used for filling, the level of which can be either high or low.

[0166] Referring to Figure 2G, for example, the post-sequence 31 can be padded first so that the end position of post-sequence 31 is aligned with the end position of the last OFDM symbol. Then, post-sequence 32 can be padded so that the end position of post-sequence 32 is aligned with the end position of the OFDM symbol following the last OFDM symbol.

[0167] In some embodiments, the first device may be an A-IoT device, and the second device may be a reader / writer. For example, the first device may be a tag, and the second device may be a base station or a terminal.

[0168] In other embodiments, the first device may be a reader / writer, and the second device may be an A-IoT device.

[0169] The communication method provided in this embodiment includes a first number of OOK symbols and a second number of OOK symbols in the last OFDM symbol occupied by the OOK symbol carrying the first information. The first number of OOK symbols is used to carry the first information, and the second number of OOK symbols is used to fill the last OFDM, so that the last OOK symbol is aligned with the last OFDM. The level of the last OOK symbol is the same as the level of the first OOK symbol, and the cyclic prefix of the last OFDM is the same as the level of the last OOK symbol. This ensures that no additional rising / falling edges are generated during the decoding process, avoiding decoding errors caused by additional rising / falling edges, thereby improving the accuracy of information transmission.

[0170] In some embodiments, other alternative implementations may be described before or after the specification corresponding to FIG2A.

[0171] In some embodiments, the names of information, etc., are not limited to the names described in the embodiments. Terms such as "information", "message", "signal", "signaling", "report", "configuration", "indication", "instruction", "command", "channel", "parameter", "domain", "field", "symbol", "symbol", "codebook", "codeword", "codepoint", "bit", "data", "program", and "chip" can be used interchangeably.

[0172] In some embodiments, terms such as “moment,” “point in time,” “time,” and “time location” can be used interchangeably, as can terms such as “duration,” “segment,” “time window,” “window,” and “time.”

[0173] In some embodiments, “get,” “obtain,” “receive,” “transmit,” “bidirectional transmission,” and “send and / or receive” can be used interchangeably and can be interpreted as receiving from other entities, obtaining from protocols, obtaining from higher layers, obtaining through self-processing, or autonomous implementation, among other meanings.

[0174] In some embodiments, terms such as “send,” “transmit,” “report,” “distribute,” “transfer,” “bidirectional transmission,” “send and / or receive” can be used interchangeably.

[0175] In some embodiments, terms such as "certain," "preset," "default," "set," "indicated," "a certain," "any," and "first" can be used interchangeably. "Certain A," "preset A," "default A," "set A," "indicated A," "a certain A," "any A," and "first A" can be interpreted as A pre-defined in a protocol or the like, or as A obtained through setting, configuration, or instruction, or as specific A, a certain A, any A, or first A, but are not limited thereto.

[0176] In some embodiments, the determination or judgment can be made by a value represented by 1 bit (0 or 1), or by a true or false value (Boolean value (bool)) represented by true or false, or by a numerical comparison (e.g., a comparison with a predetermined value), but is not limited thereto.

[0177] In some embodiments, "not expecting to receive" can be interpreted as not receiving on time domain resources and / or frequency domain resources, or as not performing subsequent processing on the data after receiving it; "not expecting to send" can be interpreted as not sending, or as sending but not expecting the receiver to respond to the sent content.

[0178] Figure 3 is a flowchart illustrating a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 3, the present disclosure relates to a communication method, which includes:

[0179] Step S3101: Send the first message.

[0180] The optional implementation of step S3101 can be found in the optional implementation of step S2101 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0181] In some embodiments, the first device sends first information to the second device.

[0182] Figure 4 is a flowchart illustrating a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 4, the present disclosure relates to a communication method, which includes:

[0183] Step S4101: Obtain the first information.

[0184] The optional implementation of step S4101 can be found in the optional implementation of step S2101 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0185] In some embodiments, the second device receives the first information sent by the first device.

[0186] This disclosure provides a method for filling in the information of the end position in A-IoT, so that when the end position of A-IoT R2D transmission is not aligned with NR OFDM, no additional high or low level rising / falling edges are generated, thereby avoiding decoding errors caused by generating additional rising / falling edges.

[0187] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the last OOK symbol of the last OFDM symbol occupied by the information sent by R2D can be obtained by copying the first OOK symbol in the OFDM symbol.

[0188] Specifically, the control information carried in R2D transmission can include information indicating the current transmission length.

[0189] Optionally, the above operation is performed when the first OOK symbol in the last OFDM symbol is at a "high" level or "OOK1".

[0190] Specifically, set all OOK symbols between the last OOK symbol and the last OOK symbol of the last OFDM symbol to "OOK 0" or "low level", or set all OOK symbols to "OOK 1" or "high level".

[0191] Specifically, it can be assumed that the last information bit carrying information in the last OFDM symbol is bit "1" and the last information bit is bit "0". Then, the padding bits in the middle (if any) are set to all bits "0" or all bits "1"; or they can be fixed to be the same as the first or last bit and repeated.

[0192] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the last OFDM symbol occupied by the information sent by R2D is filled with a postamble.

[0193] Specifically, the remaining OOK symbols within the last OFDM symbol are used to send a postamble. This postamble has the same level value as the first OOK symbol within the OFDM symbol and lasts for N OOK symbols.

[0194] Specifically, N makes the postamble a fixed length, which is an integer multiple of the length of the OOK symbol.

[0195] Specifically, N makes the postamble variable in length, such that the end position of the postamble is the end position of the current OFDM symbol, or aligned with the end position of the next or the second or third OFDM symbol (and so on).

[0196] Alternatively, after filling the current OFDM symbol using the method described above, a fixed-length postamble can be sent, the length of which is an integer multiple of the OFDM length and is defined by the protocol as a continuous "high" or "low" level.

[0197] In the embodiments disclosed herein, some or all of the steps and their optional implementations may be arbitrarily combined with some or all of the steps in other embodiments, or may be arbitrarily combined with the optional implementations in other embodiments.

[0198] This disclosure also provides an apparatus for implementing any of the above methods. For example, an apparatus is provided that includes units or modules for implementing the steps performed by the terminal in any of the above methods. Alternatively, another apparatus is provided that includes units or modules for implementing the steps performed by a network device (e.g., an access network device, a core network functional node, a core network device, etc.) in any of the above methods.

[0199] It should be understood that the division of units or modules in the above device is only a logical functional division. In actual implementation, they can be fully or partially integrated into a single physical entity, or they can be physically separated. Furthermore, the units or modules in the device can be implemented by a processor calling software: for example, the device includes a processor connected to a memory containing instructions. The processor calls the instructions stored in the memory to implement any of the above methods or to implement the functions of the units or modules in the above device. The processor can be, for example, a general-purpose processor, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU) or a microprocessor, and the memory can be internal or external to the device. Alternatively, the units or modules in the device can be implemented in the form of hardware circuits. The functionality of some or all of the units or modules can be achieved through the design of these hardware circuits, which can be understood as one or more processors. For example, in one implementation, the hardware circuit is an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). The functionality of some or all of the units or modules is achieved through the design of the logical relationships between the components within the circuit. In another implementation, the hardware circuit can be implemented using a programmable logic device (PLD). Taking a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) as an example, it can include a large number of logic gates. The connection relationships between the logic gates are configured through configuration files, thereby achieving the functionality of some or all of the units or modules. All units or modules of the above device can be implemented entirely through processor-called software, entirely through hardware circuits, or partially through processor-called software with the remaining parts implemented through hardware circuits.

[0200] In this embodiment, the processor is a circuit with signal processing capabilities. In one implementation, the processor can be a circuit with instruction read and execute capabilities, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a microprocessor, a graphics processing unit (GPU) (which can be understood as a microprocessor), or a digital signal processor (DSP). In another implementation, the processor can implement certain functions through the logical relationships of hardware circuits. The logical relationships of the aforementioned hardware circuits are fixed or reconfigurable. For example, the processor is a hardware circuit implemented using an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a programmable logic device (PLD), such as an FPGA. In a reconfigurable hardware circuit, the process of the processor loading a configuration document and configuring the hardware circuit can be understood as the process of the processor loading instructions to implement the functions of some or all of the above units or modules. Furthermore, it can also be a hardware circuit designed for artificial intelligence, which can be understood as an ASIC, such as a Neural Network Processing Unit (NPU), a Tensor Processing Unit (TPU), or a Deep Learning Processing Unit (DPU).

[0201] Figure 5A is a schematic diagram of the terminal structure proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 5A, the first device 5100 may include a transceiver module 5101. In some embodiments, the transceiver module 5101 is used to send first information to a second device. Optionally, the transceiver module is used to perform at least one of the processing steps (such as step S2101, but not limited thereto) performed by the first device in any of the above methods, which will not be described in detail here.

[0202] In some embodiments, the last OOK symbol in the second number of OOK symbols is obtained by copying the first OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols.

[0203] In some embodiments, the level of the first OOK symbol among the first number of OOK symbols is high.

[0204] In some embodiments, the level of the OOK symbol between the last OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols and the last OOK symbol in the second number of OOK symbols is high; or, the level of the OOK symbol between the last OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols and the last OOK symbol in the second number of OOK symbols is low.

[0205] In some embodiments, the last information bit carrying the first information in the last OFDM is the first information bit, and the last information bit carried by the last OFDM is the second information bit; the first information bit and the second information bit are both filled with the first bit; or, the first information bit and the second information bit are both filled with the second bit; or, the information bits filled between the first information bit and the second information bit are all the same as the first information bit; or, the information bits filled between the first information bit and the second information bit are all the same as the second information bit.

[0206] In some embodiments, the first information includes information for indicating the current transmission length.

[0207] In some embodiments, the second number of OOK symbols is obtained by padding a post-sequence, the level of which is the same as the level of the first OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols.

[0208] In some embodiments, the length of the post-sequence is an integer multiple of the length of the OOK symbol, and the end position of the post-sequence is aligned with the end position of the last OFDM symbol.

[0209] In some embodiments, the length of the post-sequence is an integer multiple of the length of the OOK symbol, and the end position of the post-sequence is aligned with the end position of the first OFDM symbol, which is the OFDM symbol following the last OFDM symbol.

[0210] In some embodiments, the post-sequence includes a first post-sequence and a second post-sequence, the end position of the first post-sequence is aligned with the end position of the last OFDM symbol, the second post-sequence follows the first post-sequence, the length of the second post-sequence is an integer multiple of the OFDM length, and the level corresponding to the second post-sequence is either high or low.

[0211] In some embodiments, the first device is a passive Internet of Things (A-IoT) device, and the second device is a reader / writer.

[0212] In some embodiments, the first device may further include a processing module for performing the processing steps performed by the first device in any of the above methods, which will not be described in detail here.

[0213] Figure 5B is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second device proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 5B, the second device 5200 may include a transceiver module 5201. In some embodiments, the transceiver module 5201 is used to receive first information sent by the first device. Optionally, the transceiver module is used to perform at least one of the processing steps performed by the second device in any of the above methods, which will not be described in detail here.

[0214] In some embodiments, the second device may further include a processing module for performing at least one of the processing steps performed by the second device in any of the above methods, which will not be elaborated here.

[0215] In some embodiments, the processing module may be a single module or may include multiple sub-modules. Optionally, the multiple sub-modules may each perform all or part of the steps required by the processing module. Optionally, the processing module may be interchangeable with a processor.

[0216] Figure 6A is a schematic diagram of the structure of the communication device 6100 proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure. The communication device 6100 can be a network device (e.g., access network device, core network device, etc.), a terminal (e.g., user equipment, etc.), a chip, chip system, or processor that supports the network device in implementing any of the above methods, or a chip, chip system, or processor that supports the terminal in implementing any of the above methods. The communication device 6100 can be used to implement the methods described in the above method embodiments; for details, please refer to the descriptions in the above method embodiments.

[0217] As shown in Figure 6A, the communication device 6100 includes one or more processors 6101. The processor 6101 can be a general-purpose processor or a dedicated processor, such as a baseband processor or a central processing unit (CPU). The baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data, while the CPU can be used to control communication devices (e.g., base stations, baseband chips, terminal devices, terminal device chips, DUs or CUs, etc.), execute programs, and process program data. Optionally, the communication device 6100 can be used to execute any of the above methods. Optionally, one or more processors 6101 can be used to invoke instructions to cause the communication device 6100 to execute any of the above methods.

[0218] In some embodiments, the communication device 6100 further includes one or more transceivers 6102. When the communication device 6100 includes one or more transceivers 6102, the transceiver 6102 performs at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving in the above method (e.g., step S2101, but not limited thereto), and the processor 6101 performs at least one of the other steps. In optional embodiments, the transceiver may include a receiver and / or a transmitter, which may be separate or integrated together. Optionally, the terms transceiver, transceiver unit, transceiver, transceiver circuit, interface circuit, interface, etc., can be used interchangeably; the terms transmitter, sending unit, transmitter, sending circuit, etc., can be used interchangeably; and the terms receiver, receiving unit, receiver, receiving circuit, etc., can be used interchangeably.

[0219] In some embodiments, the communication device 6100 further includes one or more memories 6103 for storing data. Optionally, all or part of the memories 6103 may be located outside the communication device 6100. In optional embodiments, the communication device 6100 may include one or more interface circuits 6104. Optionally, the interface circuits 6104 are connected to the memories 6103 and can be used to receive data from the memories 6103 or other devices, and to send data to the memories 6103 or other devices. For example, the interface circuits 6104 can read data stored in the memories 6103 and send that data to the processor 6101.

[0220] The communication device 6100 described in the above embodiments may be a network device or a terminal, but the scope of the communication device 6100 described in this disclosure is not limited thereto, and the structure of the communication device 6100 may not be limited by FIG. 6A. The communication device may be a standalone device or a part of a larger device. For example, the communication device may be: (1) a standalone integrated circuit IC, or chip, or chip system or subsystem; (2) a collection of one or more ICs, optionally, the IC collection may also include storage components for storing data and programs; (3) an ASIC, such as a modem; (4) a module that can be embedded in other devices; (5) a receiver, terminal device, smart terminal device, cellular phone, wireless device, handheld device, mobile unit, vehicle device, network device, cloud device, artificial intelligence device, etc.; (6) others, etc.

[0221] Figure 6B is a schematic diagram of the structure of chip 6200 according to an embodiment of this disclosure. For cases where the communication device 6100 can be a chip or a chip system, please refer to the schematic diagram of chip 6200 shown in Figure 6B, but it is not limited thereto.

[0222] Chip 6200 includes one or more processors 6201. Chip 6200 is used to perform any of the methods described above.

[0223] In some embodiments, chip 6200 further includes one or more interface circuits 6202. Optionally, terms such as interface circuit, interface, and transceiver pin can be used interchangeably. In some embodiments, chip 6200 further includes one or more memories 6203 for storing data. Optionally, all or part of the memories 6203 may be located outside chip 6200. Optionally, interface circuit 6202 is connected to memory 6203, and interface circuit 6202 can be used to receive data from memory 6203 or other devices, and interface circuit 6202 can be used to send data to memory 6203 or other devices. For example, interface circuit 6202 can read data stored in memory 6203 and send the data to processor 6201.

[0224] In some embodiments, the interface circuit 6202 performs at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving in the above-described method (e.g., step S2101, but not limited thereto). For example, the interface circuit 6202 performing the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving in the above-described method means that the interface circuit 6202 performs data interaction between the processor 6201, the chip 6200, the memory 6203, or the transceiver device. In some embodiments, the processor 6201 performs at least one of the other steps.

[0225] The modules and / or devices described in the various embodiments, such as virtual devices, physical devices, and chips, can be combined or separated arbitrarily as needed. Optionally, some or all steps can also be performed collaboratively by multiple modules and / or devices, which is not limited here.

[0226] This disclosure also proposes a storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on the communication device 6100, cause the communication device 6100 to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, the storage medium is an electronic storage medium. Optionally, the storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, but not limited thereto; it may also be a storage medium readable by other devices. Optionally, the storage medium may be a non-transitory storage medium, but not limited thereto; it may also be a temporary storage medium.

[0227] This disclosure also provides a program product that, when executed by the communication device 6100, causes the communication device 6100 to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, the program product is a computer program product.

[0228] This disclosure also proposes a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform any of the above methods.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, The method includes: The first device sends the first information to the second device; Wherein, the on / off keying OOK symbol carrying the first information occupies one or more orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbols, and the time length of each OFDM symbol in the one or more OFDM symbols corresponds to the length of M OOK symbols, where M is a positive integer; The last OFDM symbol in the one or more OFDM symbols corresponds to a first number of OOK symbols and a second number of OOK symbols. The first number of OOK symbols is used to carry the first information. The sum of the first number and the second number is M. The level of the last OOK symbol in the second number of OOK symbols is the same as the level of the first OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The last OOK symbol in the second number of OOK symbols is obtained by copying the first OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols has a high level.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The OOK symbols between the last OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols and the last OOK symbol in the second number of OOK symbols are all at a high level; or, the OOK symbols between the last OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols and the last OOK symbol in the second number of OOK symbols are all at a low level.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The last information bit carrying the first information in the last OFDM is the first information bit, and the last information bit carried by the last OFDM is the second information bit; The first information bit and the second information bit are both filled with a first bit; or, the first information bit and the second information bit are both filled with a second bit; or, the information bits filled between the first information bit and the second information bit are all the same as the first information bit; or, the information bits filled between the first information bit and the second information bit are all the same as the second information bit.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The first information includes information indicating the current transmission length.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second number of OOK symbols is obtained by padding a post-sequence, the level of which is the same as the level of the first OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The length of the post-sequence is an integer multiple of the length of the OOK symbol, and the end position of the post-sequence is aligned with the end position of the last OFDM symbol.

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The length of the post-sequence is an integer multiple of the length of the OOK symbol, and the end position of the post-sequence is aligned with the end position of the first OFDM symbol, which is the OFDM symbol following the last OFDM symbol.

10. The method according to claim 7 or 9, characterized in that, The post-sequence includes a first post-sequence and a second post-sequence. The end position of the first post-sequence is aligned with the end position of the last OFDM symbol. The second post-sequence follows the first post-sequence. The length of the second post-sequence is an integer multiple of the OFDM length. The level corresponding to the second post-sequence is either high or low.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The first device is a passive Internet of Things (A-IoT) device, and the second device is a reader / writer.

12. A communication method, characterized in that, The method includes: The second device receives the first information sent by the first device; Wherein, the on / off keying OOK symbol carrying the first information occupies one or more orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbols, and the time length of each OFDM symbol in the one or more OFDM symbols corresponds to the length of M OOK symbols, where M is a positive integer; The last OFDM symbol in the one or more OFDM symbols corresponds to a first number of OOK symbols and a second number of OOK symbols. The first number of OOK symbols is used to carry the first information. The sum of the first number and the second number is M. The level of the last OOK symbol in the second number of OOK symbols is the same as the level of the first OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The last OOK symbol in the second number of OOK symbols is obtained by copying the first OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols.

14. The method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that, The first OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols has a high level.

15. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that, The OOK symbols between the last OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols and the last OOK symbol in the second number of OOK symbols are all at a high level; or, the OOK symbols between the last OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols and the last OOK symbol in the second number of OOK symbols are all at a low level.

16. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that, The last information bit carrying the first information in the last OFDM is the first information bit, and the last information bit carried by the last OFDM is the second information bit; The first information bit and the second information bit are both filled with a first bit; or, the first information bit and the second information bit are both filled with a second bit; or, the information bits filled between the first information bit and the second information bit are all the same as the first information bit; or, the information bits filled between the first information bit and the second information bit are all the same as the second information bit.

17. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 16, characterized in that, The first information includes information indicating the current transmission length.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that, The second number of OOK symbols is obtained by padding a post-sequence, the level of which is the same as the level of the first OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that, The length of the post-sequence is an integer multiple of the length of the OOK symbol, and the end position of the post-sequence is aligned with the end position of the last OFDM symbol.

20. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that, The length of the post-sequence is an integer multiple of the length of the OOK symbol, and the end position of the post-sequence is aligned with the end position of the first OFDM symbol, which is the OFDM symbol following the last OFDM symbol.

21. The method according to claim 18 or 20, characterized in that, The post-sequence includes a first post-sequence and a second post-sequence. The end position of the first post-sequence is aligned with the end position of the last OFDM symbol. The second post-sequence follows the first post-sequence. The length of the second post-sequence is an integer multiple of the OFDM length. The level corresponding to the second post-sequence is either high or low.

22. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 21, characterized in that, The first device is a passive Internet of Things (A-IoT) device, and the second device is a reader / writer.

23. A first device, characterized in that, include: The transceiver module is used to send the first information to the second device; Wherein, the on / off keying OOK symbol carrying the first information occupies one or more orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbols, and the time length of each OFDM symbol in the one or more OFDM symbols corresponds to the length of M OOK symbols, where M is a positive integer; The last OFDM symbol in the one or more OFDM symbols corresponds to a first number of OOK symbols and a second number of OOK symbols. The first number of OOK symbols is used to carry the first information. The sum of the first number and the second number is M. The level of the last OOK symbol in the second number of OOK symbols is the same as the level of the first OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols.

24. A second device, characterized in that, include: The transceiver module is used to receive the first information sent by the first device; Wherein, the on / off keying OOK symbol carrying the first information occupies one or more orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbols, and the time length of each OFDM symbol in the one or more OFDM symbols corresponds to the length of M OOK symbols, where M is a positive integer; The last OFDM symbol in the one or more OFDM symbols corresponds to a first number of OOK symbols and a second number of OOK symbols. The first number of OOK symbols is used to carry the first information. The sum of the first number and the second number is M. The level of the last OOK symbol in the second number of OOK symbols is the same as the level of the first OOK symbol in the first number of OOK symbols.

25. A first device, characterized in that, include: One or more processors; The processor is used to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

26. A second device, characterized in that, include: One or more processors; The processor is used to execute the method according to any one of claims 12 to 22.

27. A communication system, characterized in that, The device includes a first device and a second device, wherein the first device is configured to implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 11, and the second device is configured to implement the method of any one of claims 12 to 22.

28. A storage medium storing instructions, characterized in that, When the instructions are executed on a communication device, the communication device performs the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 11 or the method as described in any one of claims 12 to 22.

29. A program product, characterized in that, include: A computer program, when executed by a communication device, causes the communication device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 11 or the method as described in any one of claims 12 to 22.

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