Electronic and electrical system, communication method, device, and vehicle

Abstract

An electronic and electrical system, a communication method, a device, and a vehicle. The electronic and electrical system comprises a plurality of devices and a backbone communication network; the plurality of devices include a first device (11), a second device (12), and a third device (13); the backbone communication network comprises a first communication link (101), a second communication link (102), a third communication link (103), and a fourth communication link (104); the first communication link (101) and the second communication link (102) are communicatively connected to the first device (11) and the second device (12); the third communication link (103) is communicatively connected to the third device (13) and the first device (11); and the fourth communication link (104) is communicatively connected to the third device (13) and the second device (12).

Description

Electronic and electrical systems, communication methods, devices and vehicles

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202410658114.9, filed on May 24, 2024, entitled "Electronic and Electrical Systems, Communication Methods, Devices and Vehicles", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to an electronic and electrical system, a communication method for the electronic and electrical system, a device thereof, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0004] In recent years, with the continuous advancement of automotive electrification, connectivity, and intelligence, the electronic and electrical architecture of automobiles has become increasingly complex, and the amount of information communication between various electronic and electrical components has grown exponentially. There are many ways to conduct this information communication, such as through Ethernet, CAN bus, CANFD bus, and LIN bus. Because of the increasing complexity of automotive components and the diversification of communication methods, it is necessary to design a heterogeneous network communication redundancy architecture based on a region controller to meet the communication requirements of the entire vehicle.

[0005] In related technologies, the vehicle network topology architecture mainly uses the gateway as the control center, and then divides it into several functional domain backbone networks (such as chassis network, energy network, intelligent access network, etc.) according to functions.

[0006] Application content

[0007] One objective of this application is to provide an electronic and electrical system for a vehicle.

[0008] Another objective of this application is to propose a communication method.

[0009] Another objective of this application is to propose a vehicle.

[0010] The vehicle's electronic and electrical system according to an embodiment of this application includes multiple devices and a backbone communication network. The multiple devices include a first device, a second device, and a third device. The backbone communication network includes a first communication link, a second communication link, a third communication link, and a fourth communication link. The first communication link and the second communication link are communicatively connected to the first device and the second device, the third communication link is communicatively connected to the third device and the first device, and the fourth communication link is communicatively connected to the third device and the second device.

[0011] According to the embodiments of this application, the electronic and electrical system of a vehicle can utilize a backbone communication network to realize communication between the first device, the second device, and the third device.

[0012] In addition, the electronic and electrical system of the vehicle according to the above embodiments of this application may also have the following additional technical features:

[0013] In some embodiments, the electronic and electrical system further includes an internal redundant network that communicatively connects the first device, the second device, and the third device.

[0014] In some embodiments, the electronic and electrical system further includes an external redundant network, the first device including a first subnet having a first controller, the external redundant network being communicatively connected to the first subnet and the second device.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first communication link, the second communication link, the third communication link, and the fourth communication link have the same communication type; or at least two of the first communication link, the second communication link, the third communication link, and the fourth communication link have different communication types.

[0016] In some embodiments, the communication type of the first communication link is one of Ethernet communication, CAN communication, fiber optic communication, WiFi communication, and Bluetooth communication; and / or

[0017] The second communication link uses one of the following communication methods: Ethernet communication, CAN communication, fiber optic communication, WiFi communication, Bluetooth communication; and / or

[0018] The communication type of the third communication link is one of Ethernet communication, CAN communication, fiber optic communication, WiFi communication, and Bluetooth communication; and / or

[0019] The fourth communication link uses one of the following communication methods: Ethernet communication, CAN communication, fiber optic communication, WiFi communication, and Bluetooth communication.

[0020] In some embodiments, the plurality of devices further includes a fourth device connected to the first communication link, located between the first device and the second device.

[0021] In some embodiments, the electronic and electrical system further includes an internal redundant network that communicatively connects the first device, the second device, the third device, and the fourth device.

[0022] In some embodiments, the electronic and electrical system further includes an external redundant network, the first device includes a first subnet having a first controller, the fourth device includes a fourth subnet having a fourth controller, and the external redundant network communicatively connects the first subnet, the fourth subnet, and the second device.

[0023] In some embodiments, the plurality of devices further includes a fifth device connected to the second communication link, located between the first device and the second device.

[0024] In some embodiments, the electronic and electrical system further includes an internal redundant network that communicatively connects the first device, the second device, the third device, the fourth device, and the fifth device.

[0025] In some embodiments, the electronic and electrical system further includes an external redundant network, the first device includes a first subnet having a first controller, the fourth device includes a fourth subnet having a fourth controller, and the fifth device includes a fifth subnet having a fifth controller, the external redundant network being communicatively connected to the first subnet, the fourth subnet, the fifth subnet, and the second device.

[0026] In some embodiments, the first device is the left area controller of the vehicle, the second device is the right area controller of the vehicle, the third device is the cabin area controller of the vehicle, the fourth device is the front area controller of the vehicle, and the fifth device is the rear area controller of the vehicle.

[0027] In some embodiments, the backbone communication network is configured to enable communication between different devices in the electronic and electrical system when the electronic and electrical system is in a first state; the internal redundant backbone network is configured to enable communication between different devices in the electronic and electrical system when the electronic and electrical system is in a second state.

[0028] In some embodiments, the first state includes a normal operating state; the second state includes a communication link failure where one or more of the devices are connected.

[0029] In some embodiments, the external redundant network is configured to enable communication between different devices in the electronic and electrical system when the electronic and electrical system is in a third state.

[0030] In some embodiments, the third state includes one or more devices malfunctioning; or includes the need to activate the internal redundancy network but the internal redundancy network malfunctioning.

[0031] In some embodiments, the device is configured as a transmitter, a router, and a receiver.

[0032] The communication method according to the embodiments of this application, applied to the aforementioned electronic and electrical system, includes:

[0033] The device acquires the data set from the communication link;

[0034] If the dataset is generated by the device itself, the device destroys the dataset;

[0035] If the dataset is found to be incorrect, the device destroys the dataset.

[0036] If the dataset has been received by the device, the device destroys the dataset;

[0037] If the device is the recipient of the dataset, then the device processes the dataset as the recipient; if the device is not the recipient of the dataset, then the device sends the dataset to other communication links.

[0038] In some embodiments, the dataset includes identification information indicating the sender of the dataset; and / or, the dataset includes data verification information indicating the correctness of the dataset.

[0039] In some embodiments, the identification information includes at least one of the MAC address, IP address, and server port number of the dataset; and / or, the data verification information includes a checksum or a data freshness value based on the AUTOSAR SecOC specification.

[0040] The device according to an embodiment of this application includes a processor connected to a memory, and the processor executes the steps of the aforementioned communication method.

[0041] The vehicle according to the embodiments of this application includes the aforementioned electronic and electrical system; or includes the aforementioned communication method; or includes the aforementioned device. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an electronic and electrical system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0043] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an electronic and electrical system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0044] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an electronic and electrical system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0045] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of an electronic and electrical system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0046] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an electronic and electrical system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0047] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of an electronic and electrical system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0048] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of an electronic and electrical system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0049] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of an electronic and electrical system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0050] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of an electronic and electrical system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0051] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of an electronic and electrical system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0052] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of an electronic and electrical system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0053] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of an electronic and electrical system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0054] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of an electronic and electrical system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0055] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of data flow in an electronic and electrical system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0056] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of starting the internal redundant network to transmit data after all communication links linked to the first device fail.

[0057] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of starting the external redundant network to transmit data when the first device itself malfunctions or when the internal redundant network also malfunctions.

[0058] Figure 17 is a flowchart illustrating a communication method according to an embodiment of this application.

[0059] Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of this application.

[0060] Reference numerals: Vehicle 100, Electronic and electrical system 10, First device 11, First subnet 1101, First controller 1102, Second device 12, Third device 13, Fourth device 14, Fourth subnet 1401, Fourth controller 1402, Fifth device 15, Fifth subnet 1501, Fifth controller 1502, First communication link 101, Second communication link 102, Third communication link 103, Fourth communication link 104, Internal redundant network 105, External redundant network 106. Detailed Implementation

[0061] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0062] As shown in Figure 1, the electronic and electrical system 10 of the vehicle 100 according to an embodiment of this application includes multiple devices and a backbone communication network, which can be used to realize communication between multiple devices.

[0063] The device includes a first device 11, a second device 12, and a third device 13. The backbone communication network includes a first communication link 101, a second communication link 102, a third communication link 103, and a fourth communication link 104. The first communication link 101 and the second communication link 102 are communicatively connected to the first device 11 and the second device 12. The third communication link 103 is communicatively connected to the third device 13 and the first device 11. The fourth communication link 104 is communicatively connected to the third device 13 and the second device 12.

[0064] The first device 11, the second device 12, and the third device 13 are connected via a backbone communication network to form a ring network. Specifically, the first communication link 101 connects the first device 11 and the second device 12, and the second communication link 102 connects the first device 11 and the second device 12 to form a ring network; the first communication link 101 connects the first device 11 and the second device 12, the third communication link 103 connects the third device 13 and the first device 11, and the fourth communication link 104 connects the third device 13 and the second device 12 to form a ring network; the second communication link 102 connects the first device 11 and the second device 12, the third communication link 103 connects the third device 13 and the first device 11, and the fourth communication link 104 connects the third device 13 and the second device 12 to form a ring network.

[0065] According to the embodiments of this application, the electronic and electrical system 10 of the vehicle 100 can utilize the backbone communication network to realize communication between the first device 11, the second device 12 and the third device 13, thereby achieving stable communication between the first device 11, the second device 12 and the third device 13, avoiding the problem of multiple devices being unable to communicate due to the disconnection of a certain link, and effectively improving communication stability.

[0066] The aforementioned ring network enables stable communication, ensuring stable data transmission even if a communication link fails.

[0067] For example, the first device 11 can send and receive data through the first communication link 101, the second communication link 102, and the third communication link 103. When the first communication link 101 malfunctions, the first device 11 can communicate with the second device 12 through the second communication link 102; the first device 11 can also communicate with the second device 12 through the third communication link 103 and the fourth device 14; the first device 11 can also communicate with the third device 13 through the second communication link 102 and the fourth communication link 104; and the first device 11 can also communicate with the third device 13 through the third communication link 103.

[0068] The second device 12 can send and receive data through the first communication link 101, the second communication link 102, and the fourth communication link 104. When the first communication link 101 is faulty, the second device 12 can communicate with the first device 11 through the second communication link 102; the second device 12 can also communicate with the first device 11 through the third communication link 103 and the fourth device 14; the second device 12 can also communicate with the third device 13 through the second communication link 102 and the third communication link 103; and the second device 12 can also communicate with the third device 13 through the fourth communication link 104.

[0069] Of course, the above description is merely some embodiments of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. The device in this application can be a zone controller, or it can be a controller, sensor, or actuator.

[0070] Among them, the first device 11 can be the left area controller of the vehicle 100, the second device 12 can be the right area controller of the vehicle 100, and the third device 13 can be the cockpit area controller of the vehicle 100.

[0071] To achieve stable communication, the electronic and electrical system 10 of this application includes, but is not limited to, the following embodiments.

[0072] In Embodiment 1, as shown in Figure 2, the electronic and electrical system 10 further includes an internal redundancy network 105, which is communicatively connected to at least one of a plurality of devices. The internal redundancy network 105 may be communicatively connected to one or two of the plurality of devices, or communicatively connected to each of the plurality of devices. In conjunction with the foregoing, the internal redundancy network 105 can be communicatively connected to a first device 11, a second device 12, and a third device 13.

[0073] This facilitates communication between devices using the internal redundant network 105, and allows for communication between corresponding devices when the main communication network is insufficient. For example, when the first device 11 and the second device 12 are connected to the internal redundant network 105, communication between the first device 11 and the second device 12 (direct or indirect) can be achieved through the internal redundant network 105 when the communication link (direct or indirect) between the first device 11 and the second device 12 fails. In addition, the combination of the internal redundant network 105 and the main communication network can be used to achieve communication between the first device 11 and the third device 13, and between the second device 12 and the third device 13.

[0074] For example, the electronic and electrical system 10 also includes an internal redundant network 105, which communicatively connects the first device 11, the second device 12, and the third device 13. Communication between the first device 11, the second device 12, and the third device 13 can be achieved through the internal redundant network 105.

[0075] In embodiment two, as shown in Figure 3, the electronic and electrical system 10 further includes an external redundant network 106. At least one of the multiple devices includes a subnet with a controller, and the external redundant network 106 is communicatively connected to the subnet. When the internal redundant network 105 fails, communication can be performed using the external redundant network 106. In particular, for controllers that are critical among the devices, communication via the external redundant network 106 can improve the stability of the electronic and electrical system 10.

[0076] For example, the electronic and electrical system 10 also includes an external redundant network 106. The first device 11 includes a first subnet 1101 with a first controller 1102. The external redundant network 106 communicatively connects the first subnet 1101 and the second device 12. When the first device 11 fails, the more important controllers in the first device 11 can communicate through the external redundant network 106, thereby meeting the basic communication needs of the vehicle 100. For example, when the main communication network, the internal communication network, or the device itself fails, the external redundant network 106 can be used to perform operations such as braking of the vehicle 100, thereby further improving the stability of the electronic and electrical system 10.

[0077] In embodiment 3, as shown in Figure 4, the electronic and electrical system 10 further includes an internal redundant network 105, which is communicatively connected to at least one of the plurality of devices. The electronic and electrical system 10 also includes an external redundant network 106, where at least one of the plurality of devices includes a subnet with a controller, and the external redundant network 106 is communicatively connected to the subnet.

[0078] For example, an internal redundant network 105 communicatively connects a first device 11, a second device 12, and a third device 13. The first device 11 includes a first subnet 1101 having a first controller 1102, and an external redundant network 106 communicatively connects the first subnet 1101 and the second device 12.

[0079] In some embodiments of this application, the first communication link 101, the second communication link 102, the third communication link 103, and the fourth communication link 104 have the same communication type. In other embodiments of this application, at least two of the first communication link 101, the second communication link 102, the third communication link 103, and the fourth communication link 104 have different communication types.

[0080] For example, the first communication link 101, the second communication link 102, the third communication link 103, and the fourth communication link 104 in this application include, but are not limited to, the following implementations:

[0081] In Embodiment 1, the communication types of the first communication link 101, the second communication link 102, the third communication link 103, and the fourth communication link 104 are the same. In Embodiment 2, the communication types of the first communication link 101, the second communication link 102, and the third communication link 103 are the same, while the communication types of the third communication link 103 and the fourth communication link 104 are different. In Embodiment 3, the communication types of the first communication link 101 and the second communication link 102 are the same, the communication types of the second communication link 102 and the third communication link 103 are different, and the communication types of the third communication link 103 and the fourth communication link 104 are the same. Of course, other embodiments may also be included in this application, which will not be described in detail here.

[0082] In addition, the communication type of the first communication link 101 is one of Ethernet communication, CAN communication, fiber optic communication, WiFi communication, and Bluetooth communication; and / or the communication method of the second communication link 102 is one of Ethernet communication, CAN communication, fiber optic communication, WiFi communication, and Bluetooth communication; and / or the communication type of the third communication link 103 is one of Ethernet communication, CAN communication, fiber optic communication, WiFi communication, and Bluetooth communication; and / or the communication method of the fourth communication link 104 is one of Ethernet communication, CAN communication, fiber optic communication, WiFi communication, and Bluetooth communication.

[0083] In addition, in some embodiments of this application, the multiple devices may include other devices besides the first device 11, the second device 12, and the third device 13, and communication between the multiple devices may be achieved through a backbone communication network, an internal backbone redundancy network 105, and an external backbone redundancy network 106. The electronic and electrical system 10 of this application may include, but is not limited to, the following embodiments.

[0084] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 5, the plurality of devices further includes a fourth device 14, which is connected to the first communication link 101 and located between the first device 11 and the second device 12. The fourth device 14 can communicate with the first device 11 through a portion of the first communication link 101, and can communicate with the second device 12 through another portion of the first communication link 101.

[0085] In some examples, as shown in Figure 6, the electronic and electrical system 10 also includes an internal redundant network 105, which communicatively connects the first device 11, the second device 12, the third device 13, and the fourth device 14. This is to facilitate communication between the devices using the internal redundant network 105, and to enable communication between the corresponding devices when the main communication network is insufficient.

[0086] In other examples, as shown in Figure 7, the electronic and electrical system 10 also includes an external redundant network 106. The first device 11 includes a first subnet 1101 with a first controller 1102, and the fourth device 14 includes a fourth subnet 1401 with a fourth controller 1402. The external redundant network 106 communicatively connects the first subnet 1101, the fourth subnet 1401, and the second device 12. When the first device 11 fails, the more critical controllers in the first device 11 can communicate through the external redundant network 106, thus meeting the basic communication requirements of the vehicle 100. Similarly, when the fourth device 14 fails, the more critical controllers in the fourth device 14 can communicate through the external redundant network 106, thus meeting the basic communication requirements of the vehicle 100.

[0087] In some further examples, as shown in Figure 8, the electrical and electronic system 10 also includes an internal redundant network 105, which communicatively connects the first device 11, the second device 12, the third device 13, and the fourth device 14. The electrical and electronic system 10 also includes an external redundant network 106, where the first device 11 includes a first subnet 1101 with a first controller 1102, the fourth device 14 includes a fourth subnet 1401 with a fourth controller 1402, and the external redundant network 106 communicatively connects the first subnet 1101, the fourth subnet 1401, and the second device 12.

[0088] The fourth device 14 can be the front area controller of the vehicle 100.

[0089] In the second embodiment, as shown in Figure 9, the plurality of devices further includes a fourth device 14, which is connected to the first communication link 101 and located between the first device 11 and the second device 12; the plurality of devices also includes a fifth device 15, which is connected to the second communication link 102 and located between the first device 11 and the second device 12. Specifically, the fourth device 14 can communicate with the first device 11 through a portion of the first communication link 101, and with the second device 12 through another portion of the first communication link 101; similarly, the fifth device 15 can communicate with the first device 11 through a portion of the second communication link 102, and with the second device 12 through another portion of the second communication link 102.

[0090] In some examples, as shown in Figure 10, the electronic and electrical system 10 also includes an internal redundant network 105, which communicatively connects the first device 11, the second device 12, the third device 13, the fourth device 14, and the fifth device 15. This is to facilitate communication between the devices using the internal redundant network 105, and to enable communication between corresponding devices when the main communication network is insufficient.

[0091] In other examples, as shown in Figure 11, the electrical and electronic system 10 also includes an external redundant network 106, a first device 11 including a first subnet 1101 having a first controller 1102, a fourth device 14 including a fourth subnet 1401 having a fourth controller 1402, and a fifth device 15 including a fifth subnet 1501 having a fifth controller 1502. The external redundant network 106 communicatively connects the first subnet 1101, the fourth subnet 1401, the fifth subnet 1501, and the second device 12. When the first device 11 fails, the more important controllers in the first device 11 can communicate through the external redundant network 106, thereby meeting the basic communication requirements of the vehicle 100; when the fourth device 14 fails, the more important controllers in the fourth device 14 can communicate through the external redundant network 106, thereby meeting the basic communication requirements of the vehicle 100; when the fifth device 15 fails, the more important controllers in the fifth device 15 can communicate through the external redundant network 106, thereby meeting the basic communication requirements of the vehicle 100.

[0092] In some further examples, as shown in Figure 12, the electrical and electronic system 10 also includes an internal redundant network 105, which communicatively connects the first device 11, the second device 12, the third device 13, the fourth device 14, and the fifth device 15. The electrical and electronic system 10 also includes an external redundant network 106, where the first device 11 includes a first subnet 1101 with a first controller 1102, the fourth device 14 includes a fourth subnet 1401 with a fourth controller 1402, and the fifth device 15 includes a fifth subnet 1501 with a fifth controller 1502. The external redundant network 106 communicatively connects the first subnet 1101, the fourth subnet 1401, the fifth subnet 1501, and the second device 12.

[0093] Among them, the fifth device 15 can be the rear area controller of the vehicle 100.

[0094] In the aforementioned embodiments, a backbone communication network and an internal backbone communication network are provided to enable communication between multiple devices. The backbone communication network can be configured to enable communication between different devices in the electronic and electrical system 10 when the electronic and electrical system 10 is in a first state. The internal backbone redundancy network 105 is configured to enable communication between different devices in the electronic and electrical system 10 when the electronic and electrical system 10 is in a second state.

[0095] The first state may include a normal working state; the second state may include a communication link failure between one or more of the devices.

[0096] In addition, in the aforementioned embodiments, besides the main communication network and the internal communication network, an external communication network is also provided. The external redundant network 106 is configured to enable communication between different devices in the electronic and electrical system 10 when the electronic and electrical system 10 is in the third state.

[0097] The third state includes one or more devices malfunctioning; or it includes the need to activate the internal redundancy network 105 but the internal redundancy network 105 is malfunctioning.

[0098] In some embodiments, the device is configured as a transmitter, a router, and a receiver.

[0099] In the foregoing embodiments, the electronic and electrical system 10 may include a first device 11, a second device 12, a third device 13, a fourth device 14, and a fifth device 15. The first device 11 may be the left area controller of the vehicle 100, the second device 12 may be the right area controller of the vehicle 100, the third device 13 may be the cockpit area controller of the vehicle 100, the fourth device 14 may be the front area controller of the vehicle 100, and the fifth device 15 may be the rear area controller of the vehicle 100. Some specific embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0100] The electronic and electrical system 10 of this application may include: a fourth device 14, a fifth device 15, a first device 11, a second device 12 and a third device 13, wherein the fourth device 14, the fifth device 15 and the first device 11 are respectively designed as a fourth subnet 1401, a fifth subnet 1501 and a first subnet 1101, and each subnet can be connected to multiple controllers.

[0101] As shown in Figure 13, the first device 11 can be the left area controller of the vehicle 100, the second device 12 can be the right area controller of the vehicle 100, the third device 13 can be the cockpit area controller of the vehicle 100, the fourth device 14 can be the front area controller of the vehicle 100, and the fifth device 15 can be the rear area controller of the vehicle 100. The first device 11, the second device 12, the fourth device 14, and the fifth device 15 are designed according to their left, right, front, and rear positions, and form a ring network using the first communication link 101 and the second communication link 102. The third device 13 is connected to the first device 11 via the third communication link 103, and the third device 13 is connected to the second device 12 via the fourth communication link 104, so that the first device 11, the fourth device 14, the second device 12, and the third device 13 form a ring network. The first device 11, the fifth device 15, the second device 12, and the third device 13 form a ring network. The fourth device 14, the fifth device 15, the first device 11, the second device 12, and the third device 13 are each connected to the internal redundant network 105, forming the internal redundant network 105 (CAN or CANFD). The subnets of the fourth device 14, the first device 11, and the fifth device 15 select key controllers, and each subnet can select multiple controllers, which are then connected to the external redundant network 106, finally connected to the second device 12, forming the external redundant network 106 (CAN or CANFD).

[0102] The first communication link 101, the second communication link 102, the third communication link 103, and the fourth communication link 104 serve as the backbone communication network for each device. Only when one or more devices experience an anomaly in their own linked ring network channel will the internal backbone redundancy network 105 be activated, allowing these abnormal devices to communicate with other normal area controllers. However, the communication data is subject to constraints; only specified key data can be used for communication to prevent excessive data from causing the internal backbone redundancy network 105 to also collapse. When one or more devices themselves experience an anomaly, or when the internal backbone redundancy network 105 needs to be activated but is also abnormal, the external backbone redundancy network 106 will be activated, enabling key controllers such as brakes and steering to communicate, ensuring the vehicle can drive safely and handle parking anomalies.

[0103] Figure 13 below shows an example of the vehicle network architecture. Controllers within the area controller's range can be integrated into the area controller or linked to the corresponding domain control subnet, with each domain having its own LIN subnet. Critical controllers need to be linked to the corresponding area controller's subnet and connected to the external redundant network channel 106. In the example shown in Figure 13, the fourth device 14 can integrate an air conditioning system, vehicle power supply, low-voltage battery, gear shifting mechanism system, and steering system, etc. The fourth subnet 1401 is designed with a front drive motor and battery management system, etc., and is connected to the external redundant network 106; the first device 11 can integrate intelligent entry, left door control, and steering wheel switch, etc. The first subnet 1101 is connected to intelligent electro-hydraulic braking and airbag, etc., and is connected to the external redundant network 106; the fifth device 15 integrates combination lights, charging system, rear door, etc. The fifth subnet 1501 is connected to the rear drive motor controller and is connected to the external redundant network 106; the second device 12 integrates right door control, 4G / 5G connection to the cloud system for OTA upgrades, etc., and is connected to a diagnostic network for diagnostics and programming, this domain is directly connected to the external redundant network 106; the third device 13 integrates a driver assistance system, seat system, multimedia entertainment system, etc., and the extended subnet connects to radar and camera systems, etc.

[0104] Figure 14 is a data flow diagram of the communication between the fourth device 14, the fifth device 15, the first device 11, the second device 12, and the third device 13 through the first communication link 101, the second communication link 102, the third communication link 103, and the fourth communication link 104.

[0105] Each device plays three roles in this redundant communication: sender (source data transmission start point), router, and receiver (data reception end point). The data stream transmission rules of each device include, but are not limited to, the following description.

[0106] If the device is the sender of the dataset, the dataset is sent to all communication links of the device. For example, the first device 11 will send data to the first communication link 101, the second communication link 102, and the third communication link 103; and the second device 12 will send data to the first communication link 101, the second communication link 102, and the fourth communication link 104.

[0107] If the device is acting as a data router, it needs to determine the correctness of the data and whether the data was sent by itself. If the data is correct and was not sent by itself, the dataset is sent to all communication links except the one that received the dataset; otherwise, the data is destroyed. For example, after receiving data from the first communication link 101, if the first device 11 determines that the data is correct and was not sent by itself, it sends the dataset to the second communication link 102 and the third communication link 103; otherwise, the data is destroyed. Similarly, after receiving data from the second communication link 102, if the first device 11 determines that the data is correct and was not sent by itself, it sends the dataset to the first communication link 101 and the third communication link 103; otherwise, the data is destroyed. Likewise, after receiving data from the first communication link 101, if the second device 12 determines that the data is correct and was not sent by itself, it sends the dataset to the second communication link 102 and the fourth communication link 104; otherwise, the data is destroyed.

[0108] If it is the data receiver, it receives and processes the dataset without transmitting the data in the ring network. This link creates redundancy in the network of the fourth device 14, the fifth device 15, the first device 11, the second device 12, and the third device 13. An anomaly in any ring network will not affect the communication between the devices.

[0109] Figure 15 illustrates the data flow diagram for activating the internal redundant network 105 when all ring networks connected to the first device 11 (including the first communication link 101, the second communication link 102, and the third communication link 103) malfunction. When the ring networks are functioning normally, the internal redundant network 105 does not perform data communication (though specific data can be specified for communication). When all ring networks connected to the first device 11 malfunction, as shown in the figure, the first device 11 sends critical data to the internal redundant network 105. Upon receiving the critical data, other devices also activate the communication scheme of the internal redundant network 105, selecting specific data to communicate with the malfunctioning first device 11 through the internal redundant network 105. Devices in other normal ring networks interact normally using the backbone ring network. Multiple malfunctions similar to those controlled by the first device 11 can occur; however, when all ring networks malfunction, the specified critical data must not exceed the load range of the internal redundant network 105, and the data should be pre-designed.

[0110] As shown in Figure 16, when the first device 11 itself malfunctions or the internal redundant network 105 needs to be activated but the internal redundant network 105 is also malfunctioning, the external redundant network 106 is activated to enable communication between key controllers such as braking and steering.

[0111] As shown in Figure 17, this application also provides a communication method applied to the aforementioned electronic and electrical system 10, wherein the aforementioned device can act as a transmitter, receiver, and router, and the communication method of the device may include:

[0112] The device acquires the dataset from the communication link. At this time, the device can act as a receiver, receiving data from the communication link and then judging the data after receiving it.

[0113] If the dataset is sent by the device itself, the device destroys the dataset. If the dataset is sent by the device itself, the data is sent to other devices through the communication link. The communication link in this application constructs multiple ring networks. Therefore, the data sent by the device may be sent back to itself. When the data is sent back through the ring link, the dataset may be incorrect or may have been obtained by the receiver. The device will destroy the dataset to avoid the data circulating in the ring link.

[0114] If the dataset is deemed incorrect, the device destroys the dataset. When the dataset is determined to be incorrect, it can be destroyed to prevent incorrect datasets from circulating between communication links and affecting the communication of correct datasets.

[0115] If the dataset has been received by the device, the device will destroy the dataset. When the device receives the dataset again, the data received the first time has already been processed (destroyed, received, or sent to another link, etc.). The dataset received again at this time is useless and will be destroyed.

[0116] If the device is the recipient of the dataset, it processes the dataset as the recipient. If the device is not the recipient of the dataset, it sends the dataset to other communication links. In this case, when the correctness of the dataset is determined and the dataset is indeed received by this device, the dataset can be received. When the dataset is not received by this device, the device can be used as a route to transmit the data to other devices.

[0117] In some embodiments, the dataset includes identification information indicating the sender of the dataset. That is, when a device sends a dataset, the sender is included in the dataset, making it easier to determine the source of the dataset and thus facilitating the sending, receiving, and identification of datasets by devices in electronic and electrical systems.

[0118] In addition, the dataset includes data validation information, which indicates the correctness of the dataset. This facilitates the determination of the dataset's correctness, ensuring its accuracy and completeness.

[0119] In some embodiments, the identification information includes at least one of the MAC address (Media Access Control Address, i.e., physical address), IP address (Internet Protocol Address, i.e., Internet Protocol address) and server port number of the dataset. It can be determined whether the dataset was issued by the device itself based on at least one of the MAC address, IP address and server port number of the dataset.

[0120] Additionally, the data verification information includes a checksum, or it may include a data freshness value based on the SecOC (Security Onboard Communication) specification of AUTOSAR (AUTomotive Open System Architecture). The correctness of the dataset can be determined based on the data checksum or the data freshness value based on the AUTOSAR SecOC specification.

[0121] A database of data received per unit time can also be established, and the dataset can be compared with the database to determine whether the dataset has been received by the device; or, based on Ethernet specifications or destination MAC addresses, it can be determined whether the dataset was received by the device.

[0122] The device according to an embodiment of this application includes a processor connected to a memory, wherein the memory can store steps for implementing the aforementioned communication method, and the processor executes the steps of the aforementioned communication method during runtime. The device may be the aforementioned first device 11, second device 12, third device 13, fourth device 14, and fifth device 15.

[0123] In addition, this application also provides a memory that stores a program executable by a processor, which executes the program stored in the memory when the processor runs the program.

[0124] As shown in Figure 18, this application also provides a vehicle, including an electronic system for signing; or including the aforementioned communication method; or including the aforementioned device.

[0125] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0126] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0127] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0128] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0129] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0130] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. An electronic and electrical system (10) for a vehicle, wherein, It includes multiple devices and a backbone communication network. The multiple devices include a first device (11), a second device (12), and a third device (13). The backbone communication network includes a first communication link (101), a second communication link (102), a third communication link (103), and a fourth communication link (104). The first communication link (101) and the second communication link (102) are communicatively connected to the first device (11) and the second device (12). The third communication link (103) is communicatively connected to the third device (13) and the first device (11). The fourth communication link (104) is communicatively connected to the third device (13) and the second device (12).

2. The electronic and electrical system (10) according to claim 1, wherein, The electronic and electrical system (10) further includes an internal redundant network (105) that is communicatively connected to at least one of the plurality of devices; and / or, the electronic and electrical system (10) further includes an external redundant network (106) that includes at least one of the plurality of devices that includes a subnet with a controller, and the external redundant network (106) is communicatively connected to the subnet.

3. The electronic and electrical system (10) according to claim 1, wherein, The electronic and electrical system (10) further includes an internal redundant network (105), which is communicatively connected to the first device (11), the second device (12) and the third device (13).

4. The electronic and electrical system (10) according to claim 1 or 3, wherein, The electronic and electrical system (10) further includes an external redundant network (106), the first device (11) includes a first subnet (1101) having a first controller (1102), and the external redundant network (106) is communicatively connected to the first subnet (1101) and the second device (12).

5. The electronic and electrical system (10) according to claim 1, wherein, The plurality of devices also includes a fourth device (14), which is connected to the first communication link (101) and located between the first device (11) and the second device (12).

6. The electronic and electrical system (10) according to claim 5, wherein, The electronic and electrical system (10) further includes an internal redundant network (105), which is communicatively connected to the first device (11), the second device (12), the third device (13) and the fourth device (14).

7. The electronic and electrical system (10) according to claim 5 or 6, wherein, The electronic and electrical system (10) further includes an external redundant network (106), the first device (11) includes a first subnet (1101) having a first controller (1102), the fourth device (14) includes a fourth subnet (1401) having a fourth controller (1402), and the external redundant network (106) is communicatively connected to the first subnet (1101), the fourth subnet (1401) and the second device (12).

8. The electronic and electrical system (10) according to claim 5, wherein, The plurality of devices also includes a fifth device (15), which is connected to the second communication link (102) and located between the first device (11) and the second device (12).

9. The electronic and electrical system (10) according to claim 8, wherein, The electronic and electrical system (10) further includes an internal redundant network (105), which is communicatively connected to the first device (11), the second device (12), the third device (13), the fourth device (14), and the fifth device (15).

10. The electronic and electrical system (10) according to claim 8 or 9, wherein, The electronic and electrical system (10) further includes an external redundant network (106), the first device (11) includes a first subnet (1101) with a first controller (1102), the fourth device (14) includes a fourth subnet (1401) with a fourth controller (1402), and the fifth device (15) includes a fifth subnet (1501) with a fifth controller (1502). The external redundant network (106) is communicatively connected to the first subnet (1101), the fourth subnet (1401), the fifth subnet (1501), and the second device (12).

11. The electronic and electrical system (10) according to claim 8, wherein, The first device (11) is the left area controller of the vehicle, the second device (12) is the right area controller of the vehicle, the third device (13) is the cabin area controller of the vehicle, the fourth device (14) is the front area controller of the vehicle, and the fifth device (15) is the rear area controller of the vehicle.

12. The electronic and electrical system (10) according to claim 2, 3, 6 or 9, wherein, The backbone communication network is configured to enable communication between different devices in the electronic and electrical system (10) when the electronic and electrical system (10) is in the first state; the internal backbone redundancy network (105) is configured to enable communication between different devices in the electronic and electrical system (10) when the electronic and electrical system (10) is in the second state.

13. The electronic and electrical system (10) according to claim 12, wherein, The first state includes a normal operating state; the second state includes a communication link failure connected to one or more of the devices.

14. The electronic and electrical system (10) according to claim 2, 4, 7 or 10, wherein, The external redundant network (106) is configured to enable communication between different devices in the electronic and electrical system (10) when the electronic and electrical system (10) is in the third state.

15. The electronic and electrical system (10) according to claim 14, wherein, The third state includes one or more devices malfunctioning; or it includes the need to activate the internal redundant network (105) but the internal redundant network (105) is malfunctioning.

16. The electronic and electrical system (10) according to any one of claims 1-11, wherein, The device is configured as a transmitter, a router, and a receiver.

17. The electronic and electrical system (10) according to claim 1, wherein, The communication types of the first communication link (101), the second communication link (102), the third communication link (103), and the fourth communication link (104) are the same; or at least two of the first communication link (101), the second communication link (102), the third communication link (103), and the fourth communication link (104) have different communication types.

18. The electronic and electrical system (10) according to claim 1, wherein, The communication type of the first communication link (101) is one of Ethernet communication, CAN communication, fiber optic communication, WiFi communication, and Bluetooth communication; and / or The second communication link (102) uses one of the following communication methods: Ethernet communication, CAN communication, fiber optic communication, WiFi communication, and Bluetooth communication; and / or The communication type of the third communication link (103) is one of Ethernet communication, CAN communication, fiber optic communication, WiFi communication, and Bluetooth communication; and / or The fourth communication link (104) uses one of the following communication methods: Ethernet communication, CAN communication, fiber optic communication, WiFi communication, and Bluetooth communication.

19. A communication method applied to the electronic and electrical system (10) according to any one of claims 1-18, wherein, include: The device acquires the data set from the communication link; If the dataset is generated by the device itself, the device destroys the dataset; If the dataset is found to be incorrect, the device destroys the dataset. If the dataset has been received by the device, the device destroys the dataset; If the device is the recipient of the dataset, then the device processes the dataset as the recipient; if the device is not the recipient of the dataset, then the device sends the dataset to other communication links.

20. The communication method according to claim 19, wherein, The dataset includes identification information indicating the sender of the dataset; and / or, The dataset includes data verification information, which is used to indicate the correctness of the dataset.

21. The communication method according to claim 20, wherein, The identification information includes at least one of the MAC address, IP address, and server port number of the dataset; and / or, the data verification information includes a checksum or a data freshness value based on the AUTOSAR SecOC specification.

22. A device comprising a processor connected to a memory, the processor executing the steps of the communication method according to any one of claims 19-21.

23. A vehicle, wherein, It includes the electronic and electrical system (10) according to any one of claims 1-18; or the communication method according to any one of claims 19-21; or the device according to claim 22.

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