Antenna group management for an uplink transmission separated by a transmission gap

Abstract

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) may transmit, using a first antenna group, a first portion of an uplink transmission in a first duration of a time allocation for the uplink transmission. The UE may transmit, using a second antenna group, a second portion of the uplink transmission in a second duration of the time allocation, the first duration and the second duration separated in the time allocation by a transmission gap. Numerous other aspects are described.

Description

ANTENNA GROUP MANAGEMENT FOR AN UPLINK TRANSMISSION SEPARATED BY A TRANSMISSION GAPCROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

[0001] This Patent Application claims priority to U.S. Patent Application No. 18 / 672,753, filed on May 23, 2024, entitled “ANTENNA GROUP MANAGEMENT FOR AN UPLINK TRANSMISSION SEPARATED BY A TRANSMISSION GAP,” and assigned to the assignee hereof. The disclosure of the prior Application is considered part of and is incorporated by reference into this Patent Application.FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE

[0002] Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication and specifically relate to techniques, apparatuses, and methods for antenna group management for an uplink transmission separated by a transmission gap.BACKGROUND

[0003] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various services that may include carrying voice, text, messaging, video, data, and / or other traffic. The services may include unicast, multicast, and / or broadcast services, among other examples. Typical wireless communication systems may employ multiple-access radio access technologies (RATs) capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (for example, time domain resources, frequency domain resources, spatial domain resources, and / or device transmit power, among other examples). Examples of such multiple-access RATs include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single -carrier frequency division multiple access (SC- FDMA) systems, and time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems.

[0004] The above multiple-access RATs have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide common protocols that enable different wireless communication devices to communicate on a municipal, national, regional, or global level. An example telecommunication standard is New Radio (NR). NR, which may also be referred to as 5G, is part of a continuous mobile broadband evolution promulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3 GPP). NR (and other mobile broadband evolutions beyond NR) may be designed to better support Internet of things (loT) and reduced capability device deployments, industrial connectivity, millimeter wave (mmWave) expansion, licensed and unlicensed spectrum access, non-terrestrial network (NTN) deployment, sidelink and other device-to-device direct communication technologies (for example, cellular vehicle-to-everything (CV2X) communication), massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), disaggregated network architectures and network topology expansions, multiple -subscriber implementations, high- precision positioning, and / or radio frequency (RF) sensing, among other examples. As the demand for mobile broadband access continues to increase, further improvements in NR may be implemented, and other radio access technologies such as 6G may be introduced, to further advance mobile broadband evolution.SUMMARY

[0005] Some regulating bodies may specify a specific absorption rate (SAR) compliance threshold as an operating condition for a UE (e.g., a SAR operating condition). A SAR compliance threshold specified by a regulating body may be based at least in part on a regulation and / or measurement of an amount of radio frequency (RF) energy that may be emitted by a UE and / or absorbed by a user, and a SAR operating condition may specify that emissions by the UE may not exceed the SAR compliance threshold. A UE communicating with a non-terrestrial network node may use an increased power level for an uplink transmission in order to increase a probability that the non-terrestrial network node is able to receive and / or decode the uplink transmission with minimal errors. However, a UE transmitting an uplink transmission to a non-terrestrial network node may be forced to stop and / or cease transmitting an uplink transmission to satisfy a SAR operating condition and / or to mitigate exceeding a SAR compliance threshold. The UE ceasing transmission may result in a delayed and / or failed uplink communication. A delayed and / or failed uplink communication may lead to disruptions in communications between the UE and the non-terrestrial network node, increased data transfer latencies, reduced data throughput, and / or, in some cases, connection failures.

[0006] Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed by a UE. The method may include transmitting, using a first antenna group, a first portion of an uplink transmission in a first duration of a time allocation for the uplink transmission. The method may include transmitting, using a second antenna group, a second portion of the uplink transmission in a second duration of the time allocation, the first duration and the second duration separated in the time allocation by a transmission gap.

[0007] Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed by a UE. The method may include receiving an uplink grant for an uplink transmission, the uplink grant indicating that: a duration of a time allocation for the uplink transmission satisfies a length threshold, and a configured transmit power level for the uplink transmission satisfies a power threshold. The method may include transmitting, in a same duration of the time allocation, a first portion of the uplink transmission using a first antenna group and a first transmit power level and a second portion of the uplink transmission using asecond antenna group and a second transmit power level, the first transmit power level and the second transmit power level having a combined power level that does not exceed the configured transmit power level.

[0008] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication at a UE. The apparatus may include one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories. The one or more processors may be configured to transmit, using a first antenna group, a first portion of an uplink transmission in a first duration of a time allocation for the uplink transmission. The one or more processors may be configured to transmit, using a second antenna group, a second portion of the uplink transmission in a second duration of the time allocation, the first duration and the second duration separated in the time allocation by a transmission gap.

[0009] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication at a UE. The apparatus may include one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories. The one or more processors may be configured to receive an uplink grant for an uplink transmission, the uplink grant indicating that: a duration of a time allocation for the uplink transmission satisfies a length threshold, and a configured transmit power level for the uplink transmission satisfies a power threshold. The one or more processors may be configured to transmit, in a same duration of the time allocation, a first portion of the uplink transmission using a first antenna group and a first transmit power level and a second portion of the uplink transmission using a second antenna group and a second transmit power level, the first transmit power level and the second transmit power level having a combined power level that does not exceed the configured transmit power level.

[0010] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium that stores a set of instructions for wireless communication by a UE. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the UE, may cause the UE to transmit, using a first antenna group, a first portion of an uplink transmission in a first duration of a time allocation for the uplink transmission. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the UE, may cause the UE to transmit, using a second antenna group, a second portion of the uplink transmission in a second duration of the time allocation, the first duration and the second duration separated in the time allocation by a transmission gap.

[0011] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium that stores a set of instructions for wireless communication by a UE. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the UE, may cause the UE to receive an uplink grant for an uplink transmission, the uplink grant indicating that: a duration of a time allocation for the uplink transmission satisfies a length threshold, and a configured transmit power level for the uplink transmission satisfies a power threshold. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the UE, may cause the UE to transmit, in a same duration of thetime allocation, a first portion of the uplink transmission using a first antenna group and a first transmit power level and a second portion of the uplink transmission using a second antenna group and a second transmit power level, the first transmit power level and the second transmit power level having a combined power level that does not exceed the configured transmit power level.

[0012] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include means for transmitting, using a first antenna group, a first portion of an uplink transmission in a first duration of a time allocation for the uplink transmission. The apparatus may include means for transmitting, using a second antenna group, a second portion of the uplink transmission in a second duration of the time allocation, the first duration and the second duration separated in the time allocation by a transmission gap.

[0013] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include means for receiving an uplink grant for an uplink transmission, the uplink grant indicating that: a duration of a time allocation for the uplink transmission satisfies a length threshold, and a configured transmit power level for the uplink transmission satisfies a power threshold. The apparatus may include means for transmitting, in a same duration of the time allocation, a first portion of the uplink transmission using a first antenna group and a first transmit power level and a second portion of the uplink transmission using a second antenna group and a second transmit power level, the first transmit power level and the second transmit power level having a combined power level that does not exceed the configured transmit power level.

[0014] Aspects of the present disclosure may generally be implemented by or as a method, apparatus, system, computer program product, non-transitory computer-readable medium, user equipment, base station, network node, network entity, wireless communication device, and / or processing system as substantially described with reference to, and as illustrated by, the specification and accompanying drawings.

[0015] The foregoing paragraphs of this section have broadly summarized some aspects of the present disclosure. These and additional aspects and associated advantages will be described hereinafter. The disclosed aspects may be used as a basis for modifying or designing other aspects for carrying out the same or similar purposes of the present disclosure. Such equivalent aspects do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. Characteristics of the aspects disclosed herein, both their organization and method of operation, together with associated advantages, will be better understood from the following description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The appended drawings illustrate some aspects of the present disclosure, but are not limiting of the scope of the present disclosure because the description may enable other aspects. Each of the drawings is provided for purposes of illustration and description, and not as a definition of the limits of the claims. The same or similar reference numbers in different drawings may identify the same or similar elements.

[0017] Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication network in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0018] Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example network node in communication with an example user equipment (UE) in a wireless network in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0019] Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example disaggregated base station architecture in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0020] Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating a first example of a regenerative satellite deployment and a second example of a transparent satellite deployment in a non-terrestrial network.

[0021] Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating a first example and a second example of antenna group management for an uplink transmission, in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0022] Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication process between a network node and a UE, in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0023] Fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, for example, at a UE or an apparatus of a UE, in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0024] Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, for example, at a UE or an apparatus of a UE, in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0025] Fig. 9 is a diagram of an example apparatus for wireless communication, in accordance with the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Various aspects of the present disclosure are described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, aspects of the present disclosure may be embodied in many different forms and is not to be construed as limited to any specific aspect illustrated by or described with reference to an accompanying drawing or otherwise presented in this disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. One skilled in the art may appreciate that the scope of the disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein, whether implemented independently of or in combination with any other aspect of the disclosure. For example, an apparatus may be implemented, or a method may be practiced using various combinations or quantities of the aspects set forth herein. In addition,the scope of the disclosure is intended to cover an apparatus having, or a method that is practiced using, other structures and / or functionalities in addition to or other than the structures and / or functionalities with which various aspects of the disclosure set forth herein may be practiced. Any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of a claim.

[0027] Several aspects of telecommunication systems will now be presented with reference to various methods, operations, apparatuses, and techniques. These methods, operations, apparatuses, and techniques will be described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, or algorithms (collectively referred to as “elements”). These elements may be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system.

[0028] A non-terrestrial network node may be deployed in remote regions where deploying a terrestrial network node may not be cost effective, such as a mountainous region, an island, and / or a water-covered region (e.g., a sea or lake). Using a non-terrestrial network node may expand wireless coverage that is accessible to a user equipment (UE) and, consequently, may increase an availability of services that are provided to the UE, such as an emergency communication (e.g., an Emergency SOS Communication).

[0029] Some regulating bodies may specify a specific absorption rate (SAR) compliance threshold as an operating condition for a UE (e.g., a SAR operating condition). A SAR compliance threshold specified by a regulating body may be based at least in part on a regulation and / or measurement of an amount of radio frequency (RF) energy that may be emitted by a UE and / or absorbed by a user, and a SAR operating condition may specify that emissions by the UE may not exceed the SAR compliance threshold. A UE communicating with a non-terrestrial network node may use an increased power level for an uplink transmission in order to increase a probability that the non-terrestrial network node is able to receive and / or decode the uplink transmission with minimal errors. For instance, a first distance between a non-terrestrial network node and the UE may be larger than a second distance between a terrestrial network node and the UE, such that the UE uses a maximum allowed power level for communications to the non-terrestrial network node to ensure that the uplink transmission reaches the non-terrestrial network node and / or to mitigate recovery errors at the non-terrestrial network node as described above.

[0030] Some types of uplink transmissions may span longer durations (e.g., more than one (1) second) under particular operating conditions. To illustrate, a first UE operating in an extended coverage area may transmit a first uplink communication that includes more repetitions relative to a second UE transmitting a second uplink transmission while notoperating in the extended coverage area. A UE transmitting an uplink transmission to a nonterrestrial network node while operating in an extended coverage area may be forced to stop and / or cease transmitting an uplink transmission to satisfy a SAR operating condition and / or to mitigate exceeding a SAR compliance threshold. For instance, based at least in part on communicating with a non-terrestrial network node, the UE may be transmitting the uplink communication at a maximum power level, and the uplink communication may have a duration that, in combination with the maximum transmit power level, results in the UE meeting the SAR compliance threshold prior to completion of the uplink communication. Accordingly, the UE ceasing transmission may result in a delayed and / or failed uplink communication. A delayed and / or failed uplink communication may lead to disruptions in communications between the UE and the non-terrestrial network node, increased data transfer latencies, reduced data throughput, and / or, in some cases, connection failures.

[0031] Various aspects relate generally to antenna group management for an uplink transmission. Some aspects more specifically relate to a UE using multiple antenna groups for an uplink transmission in a manner that enables the UE to satisfy a SAR operating condition. In some aspects, a UE may transmit, using a first antenna group, a first portion of an uplink transmission in a first duration of a time allocation for the uplink transmission. Upon completing transmission of the first portion of the uplink transmission, the UE may transmit, using a second antenna group, a second portion of the uplink transmission in a second duration of the time allocation based at least in part on the first duration and the second duration being separated in the time allocation by a transmission gap. That is, the UE may switch from using the first antenna group to the second antenna group during the transmission gap. To illustrate, the UE may determine to switch between antenna groups based at least in part on computing that a configured power level satisfies a power threshold, such as a SAR compliance threshold and / or a power threshold that is based at least in part on a maximum transmitter power level (MTPL) that is derived from a SAR operating condition. Alternatively, or additionally, the UE may determine to switch between antenna groups based at least in part on computing that a duration of the time allocation satisfies a length threshold (e.g., a duration that, in combination with a configured transmit power level, indicates that the UE will reach a SAR compliance threshold)

[0032] In some aspects, a UE may receive an uplink grant for an uplink transmission, and the uplink grant may indicate that a duration of a time allocation for the uplink transmission satisfies a length threshold, and a configured transmit power level for the uplink transmission satisfies a power threshold. Based at least in part on the duration satisfying the length threshold and the configured transmit power level satisfying the power threshold, the UE may transmit, jointly and / or contemporaneously in a same portion of the time allocation, a first portion of the uplink transmission using a first antenna group and a first transmit power level, and a secondportion of the uplink transmission using a second antenna group and a second transmit power level. In some aspects, the first transmit power level and the second transmit power level may be configured to generate a combined power level that does not exceed the configured transmit power level. As one example, the first portion of the uplink transmission may be a first transmission of the uplink transmission that is configured with one-half (1 / 2) of the configured transmit power, and the second portion of the uplink transmission may be a second transmission of the uplink transmission (e.g., the second transmission being phase-aligned with the first transmission) that is configured with 1 / 2 of the configured transmit power. The first transmission and the second transmission may be received together and / or in combination at a network node such that the network node receives an uplink transmission that is configured with the configured transmit power.

[0033] Particular aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented to realize one or more of the following potential advantages. In some examples, by using multiple antenna groups for an uplink transmission, the described techniques can be used to enable a UE to complete transmission of an uplink transmission in a manner that satisfies a SAR operating condition. To illustrate, a UE may include multiple antenna groups, and each antenna group may have independent and / or different SAR compliance thresholds. That is, transmission by a first antenna group may be regulated by a SAR compliance threshold and transmission by a second antenna group may be regulated, independently from the first antenna group, by the same SAR compliance threshold. Accordingly, a transmit power level used to validate compliance with a SAR compliance threshold may not be a combined transmit power level that is based at least in part on a first transmission by a first antenna group and a second transmission by a second antenna group. Instead, each antenna group may be assigned an independent SAR budget. For instance, the UE may switch between antenna groups, and / or the UE may generate a joint transmission as the uplink transmission using the multiple antenna groups at a reduced power. Switching between antenna groups may enable the UE to transmit each portion of the uplink transmission at a configured transmit power level, and joint transmissions where each antenna group transmits at reduced power may result in a network node receiving a full power uplink transmission without delaying the uplink transmission at the UE. Accordingly, switching between antenna groups to complete transmission of the uplink transmission and / or jointly transmitting an uplink transmission using multiple antenna groups may mitigate the delay or failure of completing the transmission of an uplink communication and / or may mitigate disruptions in communications between the UE and the non-terrestrial network node. Mitigating disruptions in the communication may result in reduced data transfer latencies, increased data throughput, and / or may mitigate connection failures.

[0034] Multiple-access radio access technologies (RATs) have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide common protocols that enable wireless communicationdevices to communicate on a municipal, enterprise, national, regional, or global level. For example, 5G New Radio (NR) is part of a continuous mobile broadband evolution promulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). 5G NR supports various technologies and use cases including enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), millimeter wave (mmWave) technology, beamforming, network slicing, edge computing, Internet of Things (loT) connectivity and management, and network function virtualization (NFV).

[0035] As the demand for broadband access increases and as technologies supported by wireless communication networks evolve, further technological improvements may be adopted in or implemented for 5G NR or future RATs, such as 6G, to further advance the evolution of wireless communication for a wide variety of existing and new use cases and applications. Such technological improvements may be associated with new frequency band expansion, licensed and unlicensed spectrum access, overlapping spectrum use, small cell deployments, nonterrestrial network (NTN) deployments, disaggregated network architectures and network topology expansion, device aggregation, advanced duplex communication, sidelink and other device-to-device direct communication, loT (including passive or ambient loT) networks, reduced capability (RedCap) UE functionality, industrial connectivity, multiple-subscriber implementations, high-precision positioning, radio frequency (RF) sensing, and / or artificial intelligence or machine learning (AI / ML), among other examples. These technological improvements may support use cases such as wireless backhauls, wireless data centers, extended reality (XR) and metaverse applications, meta services for supporting vehicle connectivity, holographic and mixed reality communication, autonomous and collaborative robots, vehicle platooning and cooperative maneuvering, sensing networks, gesture monitoring, human-brain interfacing, digital twin applications, asset management, and universal coverage applications using non-terrestrial and / or aerial platforms, among other examples. The methods, operations, apparatuses, and techniques described herein may enable one or more of the foregoing technologies and / or support one or more of the foregoing use cases.

[0036] Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication network 100 in accordance with the present disclosure. The wireless communication network 100 may be or may include elements of a 5G (or NR) network or a 6G network, among other examples. The wireless communication network 100 may include multiple network nodes 110, shown as a network node (NN) 110a, a network node 110b, a network node 110c, and a network node 1 lOd. The network nodes 110 may support communications with multiple UEs 120, shown as a UE 120a, a UE 120b, a UE 120c, a UE 120d, a UE 120e, and a UE 120f.

[0037] The network nodes 110 and the UEs 120 of the wireless communication network 100 may communicate using the electromagnetic spectrum, which may be subdivided by frequency or wavelength into various classes, bands, carriers, and / or channels. For example, devices ofthe wireless communication network 100 may communicate using one or more operating bands. In some aspects, multiple wireless networks 100 may be deployed in a given geographic area. Each wireless communication network 100 may support a particular RAT (which may also be referred to as an air interface) and may operate on one or more carrier frequencies in one or more frequency ranges. Examples of RATs include a 4G RAT, a 5G / NR RAT, and / or a 6G RAT, among other examples. In some examples, when multiple RATs are deployed in a given geographic area, each RAT in the geographic area may operate on different frequencies to avoid interference with one another.

[0038] Various operating bands have been defined as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz through 7.125 GHz), FR2 (24.25 GHz through 52.6 GHz), FR3 (7.125 GHz through 24.25 GHz), FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz through 71 GHz), FR4 (52.6 GHz through 114.25 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz through 300 GHz). Although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, FR1 is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “Sub-6 GHz” band in some documents and articles. Similarly, FR2 is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “millimeter wave” band in some documents and articles, despite being different than the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz through 300 GHz), which is identified by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) as a “millimeter wave” band. The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are often referred to as mid-band frequencies, which include FR3. Frequency bands falling within FR3 may inherit FR1 characteristics or FR2 characteristics, and thus may effectively extend features of FR1 or FR2 into mid-band frequencies. Thus, “sub-6 GHz,” if used herein, may broadly refer to frequencies that are less than 6 GHz, that are within FR1, and / or that are included in mid-band frequencies. Similarly, the term “millimeter wave,” if used herein, may broadly refer to frequencies that are included in mid-band frequencies, that are within FR2, FR4, FR4-a or FR4- 1, or FR5, and / or that are within the EHF band. Higher frequency bands may extend 5G NR operation, 6G operation, and / or other RATs beyond 52.6 GHz. For example, each of FR4a, FR4-1, FR4, and FR5 falls within the EHF band. In some examples, the wireless communication network 100 may implement dynamic spectrum sharing (DSS), in which multiple RATs (for example, 4G / long term evolution (LTE) and 5G / NR) are implemented with dynamic bandwidth allocation (for example, based on user demand) in a single frequency band. It is contemplated that the frequencies included in these operating bands (for example, FR1, FR2, FR3, FR4, FR4-a, FR4-1, and / or FR5) may be modified, and techniques described herein may be applicable to those modified frequency ranges.

[0039] A network node 110 may include one or more devices, components, or systems that enable communication between a UE 120 and one or more devices, components, or systems of the wireless communication network 100. A network node 110 may be, may include, or may also be referred to as an NR network node, a 5G network node, a 6G network node, a Node B, an eNB, a gNB, an access point (AP), a transmission reception point (TRP), a mobility element,a core, a network entity, a network element, a network equipment, and / or another type of device, component, or system included in a radio access network (RAN).

[0040] A network node 110 may be implemented as a single physical node (for example, a single physical structure) or may be implemented as two or more physical nodes (for example, two or more distinct physical structures). For example, a network node 110 may be a device or system that implements part of a radio protocol stack, a device or system that implements a full radio protocol stack (such as a full gNB protocol stack), or a collection of devices or systems that collectively implement the full radio protocol stack. For example, and as shown, a network node 110 may be an aggregated network node (having an aggregated architecture), meaning that the network node 110 may implement a full radio protocol stack that is physically and logically integrated within a single node (for example, a single physical structure) in the wireless communication network 100. For example, an aggregated network node 110 may consist of a single standalone base station or a single TRP that uses a full radio protocol stack to enable or facilitate communication between a UE 120 and a core network of the wireless communication network 100.

[0041] Alternatively, and as also shown, a network node 110 may be a disaggregated network node (sometimes referred to as a disaggregated base station), meaning that the network node 110 may implement a radio protocol stack that is physically distributed and / or logically distributed among two or more nodes in the same geographic location or in different geographic locations. For example, a disaggregated network node may have a disaggregated architecture. In some deployments, disaggregated network nodes 110 may be used in an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) network, in an open radio access network (O-RAN) (such as a network configuration in compliance with the O-RAN Alliance), or in a virtualized radio access network (vRAN), also known as a cloud radio access network (C-RAN), to facilitate scaling by separating base station functionality into multiple units that can be individually deployed.

[0042] The network nodes 110 of the wireless communication network 100 may include one or more central units (CUs), one or more distributed units (DUs), and / or one or more radio units (RUs). A CU may host one or more higher layer control functions, such as radio resource control (RRC) functions, packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) functions, and / or service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) functions, among other examples. A DU may host one or more of a radio link control (RLC) layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, and / or one or more higher physical (PHY) layers depending, at least in part, on a functional split, such as a functional split defined by the 3GPP. In some examples, a DU also may host one or more lower PHY layer functions, such as a fast Fourier transform (FFT), an inverse FFT (iFFT), beamforming, physical random access channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, and / or scheduling of resources for one or more UEs 120, among other examples. An RU may host RF processing functions or lower PHY layer functions, such as an FFT, an iFFT, beamforming, orPRACH extraction and filtering, among other examples, according to a functional split, such as a lower layer functional split. In such an architecture, each RU can be operated to handle over the air (OTA) communication with one or more UEs 120.

[0043] In some aspects, a single network node 110 may include a combination of one or more CUs, one or more DUs, and / or one or more RUs. Additionally, or alternatively, a network node 110 may include one or more Near-Real Time (Near-RT) RAN Intelligent Controllers (RICs) and / or one or more Non-Real Time (Non-RT) RICs. In some examples, a CU, a DU, and / or an RU may be implemented as a virtual unit, such as a virtual central unit (VCU), a virtual distributed unit (VDU), or a virtual radio unit (VRU), among other examples. A virtual unit may be implemented as a virtual network function, such as associated with a cloud deployment.

[0044] Some network nodes 110 (for example, a base station, an RU, or a TRP) may provide communication coverage for a particular geographic area. In the 3GPP, the term “cell” can refer to a coverage area of a network node 110 or to a network node 110 itself, depending on the context in which the term is used. A network node 110 may support one or multiple (for example, three) cells. In some examples, a network node 110 may provide communication coverage for a macro cell, a pico cell, a femto cell, or another type of cell. A macro cell may cover a relatively large geographic area (for example, several kilometers in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by UEs 120 with service subscriptions. A pico cell may cover a relatively small geographic area and may allow unrestricted access by UEs 120 with service subscriptions. A femto cell may cover a relatively small geographic area (for example, a home) and may allow restricted access by UEs 120 having association with the femto cell (for example, UEs 120 in a closed subscriber group (CSG)). A network node 110 for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro network node. A network node 110 for a pico cell may be referred to as a pico network node. A network node 110 for a femto cell may be referred to as a femto network node or an in-home network node. In some examples, a cell may not necessarily be stationary. For example, the geographic area of the cell may move according to the location of an associated mobile network node 110 (for example, a train, a satellite base station, an unmanned aerial vehicle, or an NTN network node).

[0045] The wireless communication network 100 may be a heterogeneous network that includes network nodes 110 of different types, such as macro network nodes, pico network nodes, femto network nodes, relay network nodes, aggregated network nodes, and / or disaggregated network nodes, among other examples. In the example shown in Fig. 1, the network node 110a may be a macro network node for a macro cell 130a, the network node 110b may be a pico network node for a pico cell 130b, and the network node 110c may be a femto network node for a femto cell 130c.Various different types of network nodes 110 may generally transmit at different power levels, serve different coverage areas, and / or have different impactson interference in the wireless communication network 100 than other types of network nodes 110. For example, macro network nodes may have a high transmit power level (for example, 5 to 40 watts), whereas pico network nodes, femto network nodes, and relay network nodes may have lower transmit power levels (for example, 0. 1 to 2 watts).

[0046] In some examples, a network node 110 may be, may include, or may operate as an RU, a TRP, or a base station that communicates with one or more UEs 120 via a radio access link (which may be referred to as a “Uu” link). The radio access link may include a downlink and an uplink. “Downlink” (or “DL”) refers to a communication direction from a network node 110 to a UE 120, and “uplink” (or “UL”) refers to a communication direction from a UE 120 to a network node 110. Downlink channels may include one or more control channels and one or more data channels. A downlink control channel may be used to transmit downlink control information (DCI) (for example, scheduling information, reference signals, and / or configuration information) from a network node 110 to a UE 120. A downlink data channel may be used to transmit downlink data (for example, user data associated with a UE 120) from a network node 110 to a UE 120. Downlink control channels may include one or more physical downlink control channels (PDCCHs), and downlink data channels may include one or more physical downlink shared channels (PDSCHs). Uplink channels may similarly include one or more control channels and one or more data channels. An uplink control channel may be used to transmit uplink control information (UCI) (for example, reference signals and / or feedback corresponding to one or more downlink transmissions) from a UE 120 to a network node 110. An uplink data channel may be used to transmit uplink data (for example, user data associated with a UE 120) from a UE 120 to a network node 110. Uplink control channels may include one or more physical uplink control channels (PUCCHs), and uplink data channels may include one or more physical uplink shared channels (PUSCHs). The downlink and the uplink may each include a set of resources on which the network node 110 and the UE 120 may communicate.

[0047] Downlink and uplink resources may include time domain resources (frames, subframes, slots, and / or symbols), frequency domain resources (frequency bands, component carriers, subcarriers, resource blocks, and / or resource elements), and / or spatial domain resources (particular transmit directions and / or beam parameters). Frequency domain resources of some bands may be subdivided into bandwidth parts (BWPs). A BWP may be a continuous block of frequency domain resources (for example, a continuous block of resource blocks) that are allocated for one or more UEs 120. A UE 120 may be configured with both an uplink BWP and a downlink BWP (where the uplink BWP and the downlink BWP may be the same BWP or different BWPs). A BWP may be dynamically configured (for example, by a network node 110 transmitting a DCI configuration to the one or more UEs 120) and / or reconfigured, which means that a BWP can be adjusted in real-time (or near-real-time) based on changing networkconditions in the wireless communication network 100 and / or based on the specific requirements of the one or more UEs 120. This enables more efficient use of the available frequency domain resources in the wireless communication network 100 because fewer frequency domain resources may be allocated to a BWP for a UE 120 (which may reduce the quantity of frequency domain resources that a UE 120 is required to monitor), leaving more frequency domain resources to be spread across multiple UEs 120. Thus, BWPs may also assist in the implementation of lower-capability UEs 120 by facilitating the configuration of smaller bandwidths for communication by such UEs 120.

[0048] As described above, in some aspects, the wireless communication network 100 may be, may include, or may be included in, an IAB network. In an IAB network, at least one network node 110 is an anchor network node that communicates with a core network. An anchor network node 110 may also be referred to as an IAB donor (or “lAB-donor”). The anchor network node 110 may connect to the core network via a wired backhaul link. For example, an Ng interface of the anchor network node 110 may terminate at the core network. Additionally, or alternatively, an anchor network node 110 may connect to one or more devices of the core network that provide a core access and mobility management function (AMF). An IAB network also generally includes multiple non-anchor network nodes 110, which may also be referred to as relay network nodes or simply as IAB nodes (or “lAB-nodes”). Each nonanchor network node 110 may communicate directly with the anchor network node 110 via a wireless backhaul link to access the core network, or may communicate indirectly with the anchor network node 110 via one or more other non-anchor network nodes 110 and associated wireless backhaul links that form a backhaul path to the core network. Some anchor network node 110 or other non-anchor network node 110 may also communicate directly with one or more UEs 120 via wireless access links that carry access traffic. In some examples, network resources for wireless communication (such as time resources, frequency resources, and / or spatial resources) may be shared between access links and backhaul links.

[0049] In some examples, any network node 110 that relays communications may be referred to as a relay network node, a relay station, or simply as a relay. A relay may receive a transmission of a communication from an upstream station (for example, another network node 110 or a UE 120) and transmit the communication to a downstream station (for example, a UE 120 or another network node 110). In this case, the wireless communication network 100 may include or be referred to as a “multi-hop network.” In the example shown in Fig. 1, the network node 1 lOd (for example, a relay network node) may communicate with the network node 110a (for example, a macro network node) and the UE 120d in order to facilitate communication between the network node 110a and the UE 120d. Additionally, or alternatively, a UE 120 may be or may operate as a relay station that can relay transmissions to or from other UEs 120. AUE 120 that relays communications may be referred to as a UE relay or a relay UE, among other examples.

[0050] In some examples, and as shown by Fig. 1, a cell may be provided to a UE 120 (e.g., a UE 120f) at least in part by the non-terrestrial network node 11 Of of an NTN. Alternatively, or additionally, a wireless network may provide coverage to a UE based at least in part on the nonterrestrial network node 1 lOf and the network node 110a (e.g., a terrestrial network node). That is, the wireless network may provide access to both an NTN and a terrestrial network (TN). The non-terrestrial network node 1 lOf may also be referred to as a non-terrestrial base station or a non-terrestrial access point. “NTN” may denote a network that may be accessed based at least in part on a non-terrestrial network node (e.g., the non-terrestrial network node 11 Of). In some NTN deployments, the non-terrestrial network node 1 lOf may be located on an airborne platform or a platform in orbit. Examples of such platforms include a satellite (e.g., a low earth orbit (LEO) satellite, a medium earth orbit (MEO) satellite, and / or a geostationary orbit (GEO) satellite), a balloon, a dirigible, an airplane, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), and / or a drone.

[0051] Alternatively, or additionally, in some NTN deployments (e.g., a transparent architecture or a bent pipe architecture), the non-terrestrial network node 1 lOf may act as a relay station to relay between a UE 120 and the network node 110a (e.g., a terrestrial base station located on the ground or on a tower). In this case, the non-terrestrial network node 1 lOf may perform frequency translation and / or radio frequency amplification for communications relayed between the UE 120 and the network node 110a. For example, the UE 120 may transmit an uplink communication to the non-terrestrial network node 1 lOf, which may relay the uplink communication to the network node 110a (e.g., after performing frequency translation and / or radio frequency amplification). The network node 110a may perform additional processing on the uplink communication and / or may transmit the uplink communication to a core network. As another example, the network node 110a may transmit a downlink communication to the nonterrestrial network node 1 lOf, which may relay the downlink communication to the UE 120 (e.g., after performing frequency translation and / or radio frequency amplification). In some aspects, a UE 120 and / or the terrestrial network node 110a may be referred to as a ground station (GS).

[0052] The UEs 120 may be physically dispersed throughout the wireless communication network 100, and each UE 120 may be stationary or mobile. A UE 120 may be, may include, or may be included in an access terminal, another terminal, a mobile station, or a subscriber unit. A UE 120 may be, include, or be coupled with a cellular phone (for example, a smart phone), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a tablet, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook, a medical device, a biometric device, a wearable device (for example, a smart watch, smart clothing, smart glasses,a smart wristband, and / or smart jewelry, such as a smart ring or a smart bracelet), an entertainment device (for example, a music device, a video device, and / or a satellite radio), an XR device, a vehicular component or sensor, a smart meter or sensor, industrial manufacturing equipment, a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) device (such as a Global Positioning System device or another type of positioning device), a UE function of a network node, and / or any other suitable device or function that may communicate via a wireless medium.

[0053] A UE 120 and / or a network node 110 may include one or more chips, system -on- chips (SoCs), chipsets, packages, or devices that individually or collectively constitute or comprise a processing system. The processing system includes processor (or “processing”) circuitry in the form of one or multiple processors, microprocessors, processing units (such as central processing units (CPUs), graphics processing units (GPUs), neural processing units (NPUs) and / or digital signal processors (DSPs)), processing blocks, application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), programmable logic devices (PLDs) (such as field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs)), or other discrete gate or transistor logic or circuitry (all of which may be generally referred to herein individually as “processors” or collectively as “the processor” or “the processor circuitry”). One or more of the processors may be individually or collectively configurable or configured to perform various functions or operations described herein. A group of processors collectively configurable or configured to perform a set of functions may include a first processor configurable or configured to perform a first function of the set and a second processor configurable or configured to perform a second function of the set or may include the group of processors all being configured or configurable to perform the set of functions.

[0054] The processing system may further include memory circuitry in the form of one or more memory devices, memory blocks, memory elements or other discrete gate or transistor logic or circuitry, each of which may include tangible storage media such as random-access memory (RAM) or read-only memory (ROM), or combinations thereof (all of which may be generally referred to herein individually as “memories” or collectively as “the memory” or “the memory circuitry”). One or more of the memories may be coupled (for example, operatively coupled, communicatively coupled, electronically coupled, or electrically coupled) with one or more of the processors and may individually or collectively store processor-executable code (such as software) that, when executed by one or more of the processors, may configure one or more of the processors to perform various functions or operations described herein. Additionally, or alternatively, in some examples, one or more of the processors may be preconfigured to perform various functions or operations described herein without requiring configuration by software. The processing system may further include or be coupled with one or more modems (such as a Wi-Fi (for example, institute of electrical and electronics engineers (IEEE) compliant) modem or a cellular (for example, 3GPP 4G LTE, 5G, or 6G compliant)modem). In some implementations, one or more processors of the processing system include or implement one or more of the modems. The processing system may further include or be coupled with multiple radios (collectively “the radio”), multiple RF chains, or multiple transceivers, each of which may in turn be coupled with one or more of multiple antennas. In some implementations, one or more processors of the processing system include or implement one or more of the radios, RF chains or transceivers. The UE 120 may include or may be included in a housing that houses components associated with the UE 120 including the processing system.

[0055] Some UEs 120 may be considered machine-type communication (MTC) UEs, evolved or enhanced machine-type communication (eMTC), UEs, further enhanced eMTC (feMTC) UEs, or enhanced feMTC (efeMTC) UEs, or further evolutions thereof, all of which may be simply referred to as “MTC UEs”). An MTC UE may be, may include, or may be included in or coupled with a robot, an uncrewed aerial vehicle, a remote device, a sensor, a meter, a monitor, and / or a location tag. Some UEs 120 may be considered loT devices and / or may be implemented as NB-IoT (narrowband loT) devices. An loT UE or NB-IoT device may be, may include, or may be included in or coupled with an industrial machine, an appliance, a refrigerator, a doorbell camera device, a home automation device, and / or a light fixture, among other examples. Some UEs 120 may be considered Customer Premises Equipment, which may include telecommunications devices that are installed at a customer location (such as a home or office) to enable access to a service provider’s network (such as included in or in communication with the wireless communication network 100).

[0056] Some UEs 120 may be classified according to different categories in association with different complexities and / or different capabilities. UEs 120 in a first category may facilitate massive loT in the wireless communication network 100, and may offer low complexity and / or cost relative to UEs 120 in a second category. UEs 120 in a second category may include mission-critical loT devices, legacy UEs, baseline UEs, high-tier UEs, advanced UEs, fullcapability UEs, and / or premium UEs that are capable of URLLC, enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), and / or precise positioning in the wireless communication network 100, among other examples. A third category of UEs 120 may have mid-tier complexity and / or capability (for example, a capability between UEs 120 of the first category and UEs 120 of the second capability). A UE 120 of the third category may be referred to as a reduced capacity UE (“RedCap UE”), a mid-tier UE, an NR-Light UE, and / or an NR-Lite UE, among other examples. RedCap UEs may bridge a gap between the capability and complexity of NB-IoT devices and / or eMTC UEs, and mission-critical loT devices and / or premium UEs. RedCap UEs may include, for example, wearable devices, loT devices, industrial sensors, and / or cameras that are associated with a limited bandwidth, power capacity, and / or transmission range, among other examples. RedCap UEs may support healthcare environments, building automation,electrical distribution, process automation, transport and logistics, and / or smart city deployments, among other examples.

[0057] In some examples, two or more UEs 120 (for example, shown as UE 120a and UE 120e) may communicate directly with one another using sidelink communications (for example, without communicating by way of a network node 110 as an intermediary). As an example, the UE 120a may directly transmit data, control information, or other signaling as a sidelink communication to the UE 120e. This is in contrast to, for example, the UE 120a first transmitting data in an UL communication to a network node 110, which then transmits the data to the UE 120e in a DL communication. In various examples, the UEs 120 may transmit and receive sidelink communications using peer-to-peer (P2P) communication protocols, device-to- device (D2D) communication protocols, vehicle -to-everything (V2X) communication protocols (which may include vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) protocols, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) protocols, and / or vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) protocols), and / or mesh network communication protocols. In some deployments and configurations, a network node 110 may schedule and / or allocate resources for sidelink communications between UEs 120 in the wireless communication network 100. In some other deployments and configurations, a UE 120 (instead of a network node 110) may perform, or collaborate or negotiate with one or more other UEs to perform, scheduling operations, resource selection operations, and / or other operations for sidelink communications.

[0058] In various examples, some of the network nodes 110 and the UEs 120 of the wireless communication network 100 may be configured for full -duplex operation in addition to halfduplex operation. A network node 110 or a UE 120 operating in a half-duplex mode may perform only one of transmission or reception during particular time resources, such as during particular slots, symbols, or other time periods. Half-duplex operation may involve timedivision duplexing (TDD), in which DL transmissions of the network node 110 and UL transmissions of the UE 120 do not occur in the same time resources (that is, the transmissions do not overlap in time). In contrast, a network node 110 or a UE 120 operating in a full-duplex mode can transmit and receive communications concurrently (for example, in the same time resources). By operating in a full-duplex mode, network nodes 110 and / or UEs 120 may generally increase the capacity of the network and the radio access link. In some examples, full- duplex operation may involve frequency-division duplexing (FDD), in which DL transmissions of the network node 110 are performed in a first frequency band or on a first component carrier and transmissions of the UE 120 are performed in a second frequency band or on a second component carrier different than the first frequency band or the first component carrier, respectively. In some examples, full-duplex operation may be enabled for a UE 120 but not for a network node 110. For example, a UE 120 may simultaneously transmit an UL transmission to a first network node 110 and receive a DL transmission from a second network node 110 inthe same time resources. In some other examples, full-duplex operation may be enabled for a network node 110 but not for a UE 120. For example, a network node 110 may simultaneously transmit a DL transmission to a first UE 120 and receive an UL transmission from a second UE 120 in the same time resources. In some other examples, full-duplex operation may be enabled for both a network node 110 and a UE 120.

[0059] In some examples, the UEs 120 and the network nodes 110 may perform MIMO communication. “MIMO” generally refers to transmitting or receiving multiple signals (such as multiple layers or multiple data streams) simultaneously over the same time and frequency resources. MIMO techniques generally exploit multipath propagation. MIMO may be implemented using various spatial processing or spatial multiplexing operations. In some examples, MIMO may support simultaneous transmission to multiple receivers, referred to as multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO). Some RATs may employ advanced MIMO techniques, such as mTRP operation (including redundant transmission or reception on multiple TRPs), reciprocity in the time domain or the frequency domain, single-frequency-network (SFN) transmission, or non-coherent joint transmission (NC-JT).

[0060] In some aspects, a UE (e.g., a UE 120) may include a communication manager 140. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 140 may transmit, using a first antenna group, a first portion of an uplink transmission in a first duration of a time allocation for the uplink transmission; and transmit, using a second antenna group, a second portion of the uplink transmission in a second duration of the time allocation, the first duration and the second duration separated in the time allocation by a transmission gap.

[0061] In some aspects, the communication manager 140 may receive an uplink grant for an uplink transmission, the uplink grant indicating that: a duration of a time allocation for the uplink transmission satisfies a length threshold, and a configured transmit power level for the uplink transmission satisfies a power threshold; and transmit, in a same duration of the time allocation, a first portion of the uplink transmission using a first antenna group and a first transmit power level and a second portion of the uplink transmission using a second antenna group and a second transmit power level, the first transmit power level and the second transmit power level having a combined power level that does not exceed the configured transmit power level. Additionally, or alternatively, the communication manager 140 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0062] As indicated above, Fig. 1 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 1.

[0063] Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example network node 110 in communication with an example UE 120 in a wireless network in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0064] As shown in Fig. 2, the network node 110 may include a data source 212, a transmit processor 214, atransmit (TX) MIMO processor 216, a set of modems 232 (shown as 232a through 232t, where t > 1), a set of antennas 234 (shown as 234a through 234v, where v > 1), a MIMO detector 236, a receive processor 238, a data sink 239, a controller / processor 240, a memory 242, a communication unit 244, a scheduler 246, and / or a communication manager 150, among other examples. In some configurations, one or a combination of the antenna(s) 234, the modem(s) 232, the MIMO detector 236, the receive processor 238, the transmit processor 214, and / orthe TX MIMO processor 216 may be included in a transceiver of the network node 110. The transceiver may be under control of and used by one or more processors, such as the controller / processor 240, and in some aspects in conjunction with processor-readable code stored in the memory 242, to perform aspects of the methods, processes, and / or operations described herein. In some aspects, the network node 110 may include one or more interfaces, communication components, and / or other components that facilitate communication with the UE 120 or another network node.

[0065] The terms “processor,” “controller,” or “controller / processor” may refer to one or more controllers and / or one or more processors. For example, reference to “a / the processor,” “a / the controller / processor,” or the like (in the singular) should be understood to refer to any one or more of the processors described in connection with Fig. 2, such as a single processor or a combination of multiple different processors. Reference to “one or more processors” should be understood to refer to any one or more of the processors described in connection with Fig. 2. For example, one or more processors of the network node 110 may include transmit processor 214, TX MIMO processor 216, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, and / or controller / processor 240. Similarly, one or more processors of the UE 120 may include MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, and / or controller / processor 280.

[0066] In some aspects, a single processor may perform all of the operations described as being performed by the one or more processors. In some aspects, a first set of (one or more) processors of the one or more processors may perform a first operation described as being performed by the one or more processors, and a second set of (one or more) processors of the one or more processors may perform a second operation described as being performed by the one or more processors. The first set of processors and the second set of processors may be the same set of processors or may be different sets of processors. Reference to “one or more memories” should be understood to refer to any one or more memories of a corresponding device, such as the memory described in connection with Fig. 2. For example, operation described as being performed by one or more memories can be performed by the same subset of the one or more memories or different subsets of the one or more memories.

[0067] For downlink communication from the network node 110 to the UE 120, the transmit processor 214 may receive data (“downlink data”) intended for the UE 120 (or a set of UEs that includes the UE 120) from the data source 212 (such as a data pipeline or a data queue). In some examples, the transmit processor 214 may select one or more MCSs for the UE 120 in accordance with one or more channel quality indicators (CQIs) received from the UE 120. The network node 110 may process the data (for example, including encoding the data) for transmission to the UE 120 on a downlink in accordance with the MCS(s) selected for the UE 120 to generate data symbols. The transmit processor 214 may process system information (for example, semi-static resource partitioning information (SRPI)) and / or control information (for example, CQI requests, grants, and / or upper layer signaling) and provide overhead symbols and / or control symbols. The transmit processor 214 may generate reference symbols for reference signals (for example, a cell-specific reference signal (CRS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), or a channel state information (CSI) reference signal (CSI-RS)) and / or synchronization signals (for example, a primary synchronization signal (PSS) or a secondary synchronization signals (SSS)).

[0068] The TX MIMO processor 216 may perform spatial processing (for example, precoding) on the data symbols, the control symbols, the overhead symbols, and / or the reference symbols, if applicable, and may provide a set of output symbol streams (for example, T output symbol streams) to the set of modems 232. For example, each output symbol stream may be provided to a respective modulator component (shown as MOD) of a modem 232. Each modem 232 may use the respective modulator component to process (for example, to modulate) a respective output symbol stream (for example, for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modem 232 may further use the respective modulator component to process (for example, convert to analog, amplify, filter, and / or upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a time domain downlink signal. The modems 232a through 232t may together transmit a set of downlink signals (for example, T downlink signals) via the corresponding set of antennas 234.

[0069] A downlink signal may include a DCI communication, a MAC control element (MAC-CE) communication, an RRC communication, a downlink reference signal, or another type of downlink communication. Downlink signals may be transmitted on a PDCCH, a PDSCH, and / or on another downlink channel. A downlink signal may carry one or more transport blocks (TBs) of data. A TB may be a unit of data that is transmitted over an air interface in the wireless communication network 100. A data stream (for example, from the data source 212) may be encoded into multiple TBs for transmission over the air interface. The quantity of TBs used to carry the data associated with a particular data stream may be associated with a TB size common to the multiple TBs. The TB size may be based on or otherwise associated with radio channel conditions of the air interface, the MCS used for encoding thedata, the downlink resources allocated for transmitting the data, and / or another parameter. In general, the larger the TB size, the greater the amount of data that can be transmitted in a single transmission, which reduces signaling overhead. However, larger TB sizes may be more prone to transmission and / or reception errors than smaller TB sizes, but such errors may be mitigated by more robust error correction techniques.

[0070] For uplink communication from the UE 120 to the network node 110, uplink signals from the UE 120 may be received by an antenna 234, may be processed by a modem 232 (for example, a demodulator component, shown as DEMOD, of a modem 232), may be detected by the MIMO detector 236 (for example, a receive (Rx) MIMO processor) if applicable, and / or may be further processed by the receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and / or control information. The receive processor 238 may provide the decoded data to a data sink 239 (which may be a data pipeline, a data queue, and / or another type of data sink) and provide the decoded control information to a processor, such as the controller / processor 240.

[0071] The network node 110 may use the scheduler 246 to schedule one or more UEs 120 for downlink or uplink communications. In some aspects, the scheduler 246 may use DCI to dynamically schedule DL transmissions to the UE 120 and / or UL transmissions from the UE 120. In some examples, the scheduler 246 may allocate recurring time domain resources and / or frequency domain resources that the UE 120 may use to transmit and / or receive communications using an RRC configuration (for example, a semi-static configuration), for example, to perform semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) or to configure a configured grant (CG) for the UE 120.

[0072] One or more of the transmit processor 214, the TX MIMO processor 216, the modem 232, the antenna 234, the MIMO detector 236, the receive processor 238, and / or the controller / processor 240 may be included in an RF chain of the network node 110. An RF chain may include one or more filters, mixers, oscillators, amplifiers, analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), and / or other devices that convert between an analog signal (such as for transmission or reception via an air interface) and a digital signal (such as for processing by one or more processors of the network node 110). In some aspects, the RF chain may be or may be Included in a transceiver of the network node 110.

[0073] In some examples, the network node 110 may use the communication unit 244 to communicate with a core network and / or with other network nodes. The communication unit 244 may support wired and / or wireless communication protocols and / or connections, such as Ethernet, optical fiber, common public radio interface (CPRI), and / or a wired or wireless backhaul, among other examples. The network node 110 may use the communication unit 244 to transmit and / or receive data associated with the UE 120 or to perform network control signaling, among other examples. The communication unit 244 may include a transceiver and / or an interface, such as a network interface.

[0074] The UE 120 may include a set of antennas 252 (shown as antennas 252a through 252r, where r > 1), a set of modems 254 (shown as modems 254a through 254u, where u > 1), a MIMO detector 256, a receive processor 258, a data sink 260, a data source 262, a transmit processor 264, a TX MIMO processor 266, a controller / processor 280, a memory 282, and / or a communication manager 140, among other examples. One or more of the components of the UE 120 may be included in a housing 284. In some aspects, one or a combination of the antenna(s) 252, the modem(s) 254, the MIMO detector 256, the receive processor 258, the transmit processor 264, or the TX MIMO processor 266 may be included in a transceiver that is included in the UE 120. The transceiver may be under control of and used by one or more processors, such as the controller / processor 280, and in some aspects in conjunction with processor-readable code stored in the memory 282, to perform aspects of the methods, processes, or operations described herein. In some aspects, the UE 120 may include another interface, another communication component, and / or another component that facilitates communication with the network node 110 and / or another UE 120.

[0075] For downlink communication from the network node 110 to the UE 120, the set of antennas 252 may receive the downlink communications or signals from the network node 110 and may provide a set of received downlink signals (for example, R received signals) to the set of modems 254. For example, each received signal may be provided to a respective demodulator component (shown as DEMOD) of a modem 254. Each modem 254 may use the respective demodulator component to condition (for example, filter, amplify, downconvert, and / or digitize) a received signal to obtain input samples. Each modem 254 may use the respective demodulator component to further demodulate or process the input samples (for example, for OFDM) to obtain received symbols. The MIMO detector 256 may obtain received symbols from the set of modems 254, may perform MIMO detection on the received symbols if applicable, and may provide detected symbols. The receive processor 258 may process (for example, decode) the detected symbols, may provide decoded data for the UE 120 to the data sink 260 (which may include a data pipeline, a data queue, and / or an application executed on the UE 120), and may provide decoded control information and system information to the controller / processor 280.

[0076] For uplink communication from the UE 120 to the network node 110, the transmit processor 264 may receive and process data (“uplink data”) from a data source 262 (such as a data pipeline, a data queue, and / or an application executed on the UE 120) and control information from the controller / processor 280. The control information may include one or more parameters, feedback, one or more signal measurements, and / or other types of control information. In some aspects, the receive processor 258 and / or the controller / processor 280 may determine, for a received signal (such as received from the network node 110 or another UE), one or more parameters relating to transmission of the uplink communication. The one ormore parameters may include a reference signal received power (RSRP) parameter, a received signal strength indicator (RS SI) parameter, a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) parameter, a CQI parameter, or a transmit power control (TPC) parameter, among other examples. The control information may include an indication of the RSRP parameter , the RSSI parameter, the RSRQ parameter, the CQI parameter, the TPC parameter, and / or another parameter. The control information may facilitate parameter selection and / or scheduling for the UE 120 by the network node 110.

[0077] The transmit processor 264 may generate reference symbols for one or more reference signals, such as an uplink DMRS, an uplink sounding reference signal (SRS), and / or another type of reference signal. The symbols from the transmit processor 264 may be precoded by the TX MIMO processor 266, if applicable, and further processed by the set of modems 254 (for example, for DFT-s-OFDM or CP-OFDM). The TX MIMO processor 266 may perform spatial processing (for example, precoding) on the data symbols, the control symbols, the overhead symbols, and / or the reference symbols, if applicable, and may provide a set of output symbol streams (for example, U output symbol streams) to the set of modems 254. For example, each output symbol stream may be provided to a respective modulator component (shown as MOD) of a modem 254. Each modem 254 may use the respective modulator component to process (for example, to modulate) a respective output symbol stream (for example, for OFDM) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modem 254 may further use the respective modulator component to process (for example, convert to analog, amplify, filter, and / or upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain an uplink signal.

[0078] The modems 254a through 254u may transmit a set of uplink signals (for example, R uplink signals or U uplink symbols) via the corresponding set of antennas 252. An uplink signal may include a UCI communication, a MAC-CE communication, an RRC communication, or another type of uplink communication. Uplink signals may be transmitted on a PUSCH, a PUCCH, and / or another type of uplink channel. An uplink signal may carry one or more TBs of data. Sidelink data and control transmissions (that is, transmissions directly between two or more UEs 120) may generally use similar techniques as were described for uplink data and control transmission, and may use sidelink-specific channels such as a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH), a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH), and / or a physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH).

[0079] One or more antennas of the set of antennas 252 or the set of antennas 234 may include, or may be included within, one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more sets of antenna elements, or one or more antenna arrays, among other examples. An antenna panel, an antenna group, a set of antenna elements, or an antenna array may include one or more antenna elements (within a single housing or multiple housings), a set of coplanar antenna elements, a set of non-coplanar antenna elements, or one or more antenna elementscoupled with one or more transmission or reception components, such as one or more components of Fig. 2. As used herein, “antenna” can refer to one or more antennas, one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more sets of antenna elements, or one or more antenna arrays. “Antenna panel” can refer to a group of antennas (such as antenna elements) arranged in an array or panel, which may facilitate beamforming by manipulating parameters of the group of antennas. “Antenna module” may refer to circuitry including one or more antennas, which may also include one or more other components (such as fdters, amplifiers, or processors) associated with integrating the antenna module into a wireless communication device.

[0080] In some examples, each of the antenna elements of an antenna 234 or an antenna 252 may include one or more sub-elements for radiating or receiving radio frequency signals. For example, a single antenna element may include a first sub-element cross-polarized with a second sub-element that can be used to independently transmit cross-polarized signals. The antenna elements may include patch antennas, dipole antennas, and / or other types of antennas arranged in a linear pattern, a two-dimensional pattern, or another pattern. A spacing between antenna elements may be such that signals with a desired wavelength transmitted separately by the antenna elements may interact or interfere constructively and destructively along various directions (such as to form a desired beam). For example, given an expected range of wavelengths or frequencies, the spacing may provide a quarter wavelength, a half wavelength, or another fraction of a wavelength of spacing between neighboring antenna elements to allow for the desired constructive and destructive interference patterns of signals transmitted by the separate antenna elements within that expected range.

[0081] The amplitudes and / or phases of signals transmitted via antenna elements and / or subelements may be modulated and shifted relative to each other (such as by manipulating phase shift, phase offset, and / or amplitude) to generate one or more beams, which is referred to as beamforming. The term “beam” may refer to a directional transmission of a wireless signal toward a receiving device or otherwise in a desired direction. “Beam” may also generally refer to a direction associated with such a directional signal transmission, a set of directional resources associated with the signal transmission (for example, an angle of arrival, a horizontal direction, and / or a vertical direction), and / or a set of parameters that indicate one or more aspects of a directional signal, a direction associated with the signal, and / or a set of directional resources associated with the signal. In some implementations, antenna elements may be individually selected or deselected for directional transmission of a signal (or signals) by controlling amplitudes of one or more corresponding amplifiers and / or phases of the signal(s) to form one or more beams. The shape of a beam (such as the amplitude, width, and / or presence of side lobes) and / or the direction of a beam (such as an angle of the beam relative to a surfaceof an antenna array) can be dynamically controlled by modifying the phase shifts, phase offsets, and / or amplitudes of the multiple signals relative to each other.

[0082] Different UEs 120 or network nodes 110 may include different numbers of antenna elements. For example, a UE 120 may include a single antenna element, two antenna elements, four antenna elements, eight antenna elements, or a different number of antenna elements. As another example, a network node 110 may include eight antenna elements, 24 antenna elements, 64 antenna elements, 128 antenna elements, or a different number of antenna elements. Generally, a larger number of antenna elements may provide increased control over parameters for beam generation relative to a smaller number of antenna elements, whereas a smaller number of antenna elements may be less complex to implement and may use less power than a larger number of antenna elements. Multiple antenna elements may support multiple-layer transmission, in which a first layer of a communication (which may include a first data stream) and a second layer of a communication (which may include a second data stream) are transmitted using the same time and frequency resources with spatial multiplexing.

[0083] While blocks in Fig. 2 are illustrated as distinct components, the functions described above with respect to the blocks may be implemented in a single hardware, software, or combination component or in various combinations of components. For example, the functions described with respect to the transmit processor 264, the receive processor 258, and / or the TX MIMO processor 266 may be performed by or under the control of the controller / processor 280.

[0084] Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example disaggregated base station architecture 300 in accordance with the present disclosure. One or more components of the example disaggregated base station architecture 300 may be, may include, or may be included in one or more network nodes (such one or more network nodes 110). The disaggregated base station architecture 300 may include a CU 310 that can communicate directly with a core network 320 via a backhaul link, or that can communicate indirectly with the core network 320 via one or more disaggregated control units, such as a Non-RT RIC 350 associated with a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) Framework 360 and / or a Near-RT RIC 370 (for example, via an E2 link). The CU 310 may communicate with one or more DUs 330 via respective midhaul links, such as via Fl interfaces. Each of the DUs 330 may communicate with one or more RUs 340 via respective fronthaul links. Each of the RUs 340 may communicate with one or more UEs 120 via respective RF access links. In some deployments, a UE 120 may be simultaneously served by multiple RUs 340.

[0085] Each of the components of the disaggregated base station architecture 300, including the CUs 310, the DUs 330, the RUs 340, the Near-RT RICs 370, the Non-RT RICs 350, and the SMO Framework 360, may include one or more interfaces or may be coupled with one or more interfaces for receiving or transmitting signals, such as data or information, via a wired or wireless transmission medium.

[0086] In some aspects, the CU 310 may be logically split into one or more CU user plane (CU-UP) units and one or more CU control plane (CU-CP) units. A CU-UP unit may communicate bidirectionally with a CU-CP unit via an interface, such as the El interface when implemented in an O-RAN configuration. The CU 310 may be deployed to communicate with one or more DUs 330, as necessary, for network control and signaling. Each DU 330 may correspond to a logical unit that includes one or more base station functions to control the operation of one or more RUs 340. For example, a DU 330 may host various layers, such as an RLC layer, a MAC layer, or one or more PHY layers, such as one or more high PHY layers or one or more low PHY layers. Each layer (which also may be referred to as a module) may be implemented with an interface for communicating signals with other layers (and modules) hosted by the DU 330, or for communicating signals with the control functions hosted by the CU 310. Each RU 340 may implement lower layer functionality. In some aspects, real-time and non-real-time aspects of control and user plane communication with the RU(s) 340 may be controlled by the corresponding DU 330.

[0087] The SMO Framework 360 may support RAN deployment and provisioning of nonvirtualized and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, the SMO Framework 360 may support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements, which may be managed via an operations and maintenance interface, such as an 01 interface. For virtualized network elements, the SMO Framework 360 may interact with a cloud computing platform (such as an open cloud (O-Cloud) platform 390) to perform network element life cycle management (such as to instantiate virtualized network elements) via a cloud computing platform interface, such as an 02 interface. A virtualized network element may include, but is not limited to, a CU 310, a DU 330, an RU 340, a non-RT RIC 350, and / or a Near-RT RIC 370. In some aspects, the SMO Framework 360 may communicate with a hardware aspect of a 4G RAN, a 5G NR RAN, and / or a 6G RAN, such as an open eNB (O- eNB) 380, via an 01 interface. Additionally, or alternatively, the SMO Framework 360 may communicate directly with each of one or more RUs 340 via a respective 01 interface. In some deployments, this configuration can enable each DU 330 and the CU 310 to be implemented in a cloud-based RAN architecture, such as a vRAN architecture.

[0088] The Non-RT RIC 350 may include or may implement a logical function that enables non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, AI / ML workflows including model training and updates, and / or policy-based guidance of applications and / or features in the Near-RT RIC 370. The Non-RT RIC 350 may be coupled to or may communicate with (such as via an Al interface) the Near-RT RIC 370. The Near-RT RIC 370 may include or may implement a logical function that enables near-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via data collection and actions via an interface(such as via an E2 interface) connecting one or more CUs 310, one or more DUs 330, and / or an O-eNB with the Near-RT RIC 370.

[0089] In some aspects, to generate AI / ML models to be deployed in the Near-RT RIC 370, the Non-RT RIC 350 may receive parameters or external enrichment information from external servers. Such information may be utilized by the Near-RT RIC 370 and may be received at the SMO Framework 360 or the Non-RT RIC 350 from non-network data sources or from network functions. In some examples, the Non-RT RIC 350 or the Near-RT RIC 370 may tune RAN behavior or performance. For example, the Non-RT RIC 350 may monitor long-term trends and patterns for performance and may employ AI / ML models to perform corrective actions via the SMO Framework 360 (such as reconfiguration via an 01 interface) or via creation of RAN management policies (such as Al interface policies).

[0090] As indicated above, Fig. 3 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 3.

[0091] The network node 110, the controller / processor 240 of the network node 110, the UE 120, the controller / processor 280 of the UE 120, the CU 310, the DU 330, the RU 340, or any other componcnt(s) of Figs. 1, 2, or 3 may implement one or more techniques or perform one or more operations associated with antenna group management for an uplink transmission, as described in more detail elsewhere herein. For example, the controller / processor 240 of the network node 110, the controller / processor 280 of the UE 120, any other component(s) of Fig.2, the CU 310, the DU 330, or the RU 340 may perform or direct operations of, for example, process 700 of Fig. 7, process 800 of Fig. 8, or other processes as described herein (alone or in conjunction with one or more other processors). The memory 242 may store data and program codes for the network node 110, the network node 110, the CU 310, the DU 330, or the RU 340. The memory 282 may store data and program codes for the UE 120. In some examples, the memory 242 or the memory 282 may include a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions (for example, code or program code) for wireless communication. The memory 242 may include one or more memories, such as a single memory or multiple different memories (of the same type or of different types). The memory 282 may include one or more memories, such as a single memory or multiple different memories (of the same type or of different types). For example, the set of instructions, when executed (for example, directly, or after compiling, converting, or interpreting) by one or more processors of the network node 110, the UE 120, the CU 310, the DU 330, or the RU 340, may cause the one or more processors to perform process 700 of Fig. 7, process 800 of Fig. 8, or other processes as described herein. In some examples, executing instructions may include running the instructions, converting the instructions, compiling the instructions, and / or interpreting the instructions, among other examples.

[0092] In some aspects, a UE (e.g., a UE 120) includes means for transmitting, using a first antenna group, a first portion of an uplink transmission in a first duration of a time allocation for the uplink transmission; and / or means for transmitting, using a second antenna group, a second portion of the uplink transmission in a second duration of the time allocation, the first duration and the second duration separated in the time allocation by a transmission gap.

[0093] Alternatively, or additionally, the UE includes means for receiving an uplink grant for an uplink transmission, the uplink grant indicating that: a duration of a time allocation for the uplink transmission satisfies a length threshold, and a configured transmit power level for the uplink transmission satisfies a power threshold; and / or means for transmitting, in a same duration of the time allocation, a first portion of the uplink transmission using a first antenna group and a first transmit power level and a second portion of the uplink transmission using a second antenna group and a second transmit power level, the first transmit power level and the second transmit power level having a combined power level that does not exceed the configured transmit power level. The means for the UE to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of communication manager 140, antenna 252, modem 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, controller / processor 280, or memory 282.

[0094] As indicated above, Fig. 3 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 3.

[0095] Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating a first example 400 of a regenerative satellite deployment and a second example 410 of a transparent satellite deployment in a non-terrestrial network.

[0096] Example 400 shows a regenerative satellite deployment in which a first UE 120-1 is served by a satellite 420 via a service link 430-1. In some aspects, the satellite 420 may include base station capabilities (e.g., capabilities associated with the network node 110a and / or a gNB) and may be referred to as a non-terrestrial base station, a regenerative repeater, or an on-board processing repeater. Based at least in part on including the base station capabilities, the satellite 420 may demodulate an uplink radio frequency signal and may modulate a baseband signal derived from the uplink radio signal to produce a downlink radio frequency transmission. To illustrate, the satellite 420 may transmit the downlink radio frequency signal on the service link 430-1. The satellite 420 may provide network access to the UE 120-1 over a coverage area (e.g., a cell coverage area). The first UE 120-1 may include a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) capability or a Global Positioning System (GPS) capability.

[0097] Example 410 shows a transparent satellite deployment, which may also be referred to as a bent pipe satellite deployment. In the example 410, a second UE 120-2 is served by a satellite 440 via the service link 430-2, where the satellite 440 may be referred to as atransparent satellite. To illustrate, the satellite 440 may act as a relay by receiving a signal from gateway 450 via a feeder link 460, and relaying the signal to the UE 120-2 via the service link 430-2. Alternatively, or additionally, the satellite 440 may receive an uplink radio frequency transmission from the UE 120-2 via the service link 430-2, and relay the uplink radio frequency transmission to the gateway 450 via the feeder link 460 without demodulating the uplink radio frequency transmission. In some aspects, the satellite 440 may perform a frequency conversion on the uplink radio frequency transmission from a first frequency (e.g., associated with the service link 430-2) to a second frequency (e.g., associated with the feeder link 460), and may amplify and / or filter the uplink radio frequency transmission. The satellite 440 may provide network access to the UE 120-2 while the UE 120-2 operates in a coverage area associated with the satellite 440. The second UE 120-2 may include a GNSS capability or a GPS capability.

[0098] As shown by the example 410, the satellite 440 and the UE 120-2 may communicate with one another based at least in part on the service link 430-2. The service link 430-2 may include an uplink for transmitting an uplink communication (e.g., from the UE 120-2 to the gateway 450 by way of the satellite 440) and / or a downlink for transmitting a downlink communication (e.g., from the gateway 450 to the UE 120-2 by way of the satellite 440). In a similar manner, the satellite 440 and the gateway 450 may communicate with one another based at least in part on the feeder link 460, where the feeder link 460 may include an uplink for transmitting an uplink communication and / or a downlink for transmitting a downlink communication.

[0099] The feeder link 460, the service link 430-1, and / or the service link 430-2 may each experience Doppler shift due to the movement of the satellites 420 and 440, and / or movement of the UE 120-1 or the UE 120-2. A Doppler shift associated with satellite movement may be significantly larger than a Doppler shift associated with a terrestrial network, based at least in part on a speed at which a satellite moves. In some aspects, a transmitting device may precompensate for a satellite-based Doppler shift. To illustrate, the feeder link 460 between the gateway 450 and the satellite 440 may be a 1: 1 link between a single transmitting device and a single receiving device. Based at least in part on the feeder link 460 being a 1 : 1 link, the gateway 450 and / or another network node may estimate a feeder link Doppler shift and precompensate (e.g., modify the transmitted signal) to mitigate the Doppler shift observed by the satellite 440. The satellite 440 may communicate with multiple UEs at varying locations based at least in part on a 1 : N link, where A is an integer that may be greater than 1. To illustrate, the satellite 440 may broadcast information that is received and processed by N UEs at varying locations. The varying locations of the receiving UEs may result in each UE observing a different service link Doppler shift. Accordingly, the satellite 440 may refrain from applying pre -compensation for a service link Doppler shift based at least in part on the 1 :N link and the variation in the observed service link Doppler shift between each UE.

[0100] A non-terrestrial network node (e.g., the network node 1 lOf, the satellite 420, and / or the satellite 440) may be deployed in remote regions where deploying a terrestrial network node (e.g., the network node 110a) may not be cost effective, such as a mountainous region, an island, and / or a water-covered region (e.g., a sea or lake). Using a non-terrestrial network node may expand wireless coverage that is accessible to a UE and, consequently, may increase an availability of services that are provided to the UE, such as an emergency communication (e.g., an Emergency SOS Communication). Some regulating bodies may specify a SAR compliance threshold as an operating condition for a UE (e.g., a SAR operating condition). Example regulating bodies may include the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), the European Union (EU), the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT), the Department of Telecommunications (DoT), and / or the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC). A SAR compliance threshold specified by a regulating body may be based at least in part on a regulation and / or measurement of an amount of RF energy that may be emitted by a UE and / or absorbed by a user, and a SAR operating condition may specify that emissions by the UE may not exceed the SAR compliance threshold.

[0101] A UE (e.g., a UE 120) communicating with a non-terrestrial network node may use an increased power level (e.g., a maximum power level condition associated with a SAR compliance threshold) for an uplink transmission to increase a probability that the non-terrestrial network node is able to receive and / or decode the uplink transmission with minimal errors. For instance, a first distance between a non-terrestrial network node (e.g., a GEO satellite) and the UE may be larger relative to a second distance between a terrestrial network node and the UE such that the UE uses a maximum allowed power level for communications to the non-terrestrial network node to ensure the uplink transmission reaches the non-terrestrial network node and / or to mitigate recovery errors at the non-terrestrial network node as described above.

[0102] Some types of uplink transmissions, such as an NB-IoT uplink transmission, may span longer durations (e.g., more than one (1) second) under particular operating conditions. To illustrate, a first UE operating in an extended coverage area (e.g., a larger coverage area relative to a standard and / or baseline coverage area) may transmit a first uplink communication that includes more repetitions relative to a second UE transmitting a second uplink transmission while not operating in the extended coverage area (e.g., the standard and / or baseline coverage area). Accordingly, a UE transmitting an uplink transmission to a non-terrestrial network node while operating in an extended coverage area may be forced to stop and / or cease transmitting an uplink transmission in order to satisfy a SAR operating condition (e.g., to not exceed a SAR compliance threshold). For instance, based at least in part on communicating with a nonterrestrial network node, the UE may be transmitting the uplink communication at a maximum power level, and the uplink communication may have a duration that, in combination with the maximum transmit power level, results in the UE meeting the SAR compliance threshold priorto completion of the uplink communication. Accordingly, the UE ceasing transmission may result in a delayed and / or failed uplink communication. A delayed and / or failed uplink communication may lead to disruptions in communications between the UE and the nonterrestrial network node, increased data transfer latencies, reduced data throughput, and / or, in some cases, connection failures.

[0103] Some techniques and apparatuses described herein provide antenna group management for an uplink transmission separated by a transmission gap. In some aspects, a UE may transmit, using a first antenna group, a first portion of an uplink transmission in a first duration of a time allocation for the uplink transmission. Upon completing transmission of the first portion of the uplink transmission, the UE may transmit, using a second antenna group, a second portion of the uplink transmission in a second duration of the time allocation based at least in part on the first duration and the second duration being separated in the time allocation by a transmission gap. That is, the UE may switch from using the first antenna group to the second antenna group during the transmission gap. To illustrate, the UE may determine to switch between antenna groups based at least in part on computing that a configured power level satisfies a power threshold, such as a SAR compliance threshold and / or a power threshold that is based at least in part on an MTPL that is derived from a SAR operating condition. Alternatively, or additionally, the UE may determine to switch between antenna groups based at least in part on computing that a duration of the time allocation satisfies a length threshold (e.g., a duration that, in combination with a configured transmit power level, indicates that the UE will reach a SAR compliance threshold)

[0104] In some aspects, a UE may receive an uplink grant for an uplink transmission, and the uplink grant may indicate that a duration of a time allocation for the uplink transmission satisfies a length threshold, and a configured transmit power level for the uplink transmission satisfies a power threshold. Based at least in part on the duration satisfying the length threshold and the configured transmit power level satisfying the power threshold, the UE may transmit, jointly and / or contemporaneously in a same portion of the time allocation, a first portion of the uplink transmission using a first antenna group and a first transmit power level, and a second portion of the uplink transmission using a second antenna group and a second transmit power level. In some aspects, the first transmit power level and the second transmit power level may be configured to generate a combined power level that does not exceed the configured transmit power level. As one example, the first portion of the uplink transmission may be a first transmission of the uplink transmission that is configured with 1 / 2 of the configured transmit power and the second portion of the uplink transmission may be a second transmission of the uplink transmission (e.g., the second transmission being phase aligned with the first transmission) that is configured with 1 / 2 of the configured transmit power. The first transmission and the second transmission may be received together and / or in combination at anetwork node such that the network node observes a received uplink transmission that is configured with the configured transmit power.

[0105] A UE may include multiple antenna groups, and each antenna group may have independent and / or different SAR compliance thresholds. That is, transmission by a first antenna group may be regulated by a SAR compliance threshold and transmission by a second antenna group may be regulated, independently from the first antenna group, by the same SAR compliance threshold. Accordingly, a transmit power level used to validate compliance with a SAR compliance threshold may not be a combined transmit power level that is based at least in part on a first transmission by a first antenna group and a second transmission by a second antenna group. Instead, each antenna group may be assigned an independent SAR budget. Based at least in part on switching antenna groups between portions of an uplink transmission as described above, a UE may complete transmission of an uplink transmission in a manner that satisfies a SAR operating condition. Alternatively, or additionally, jointly transmitting the uplink transmission using both antenna groups at a reduced power (e.g., half power) may result in a network node receiving a full power uplink transmission without delaying the uplink transmission at the UE. Thus, switching between antenna groups to complete transmission of the uplink transmission and / or jointly transmitting an uplink transmission using multiple antenna groups may mitigate the delay or failure of completing the transmission of an uplink communication and / or may mitigate disruptions in communications between the UE and the non-terrestrial network node. Mitigating disruptions in the communication may result in reduced data transfer latencies, increased data throughput, and / or may mitigate connection failures.

[0106] As indicated above, Fig. 4 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 4.

[0107] Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating a first example 500 and a second example 550 of antenna group management for an uplink transmission, in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0108] Some uplink transmissions, such as a PUSCH transmission, may include a transmission gap after a duration of continuous transmission satisfies a length threshold. As one example, for an NB-IoT PUSCH transmission, a transmission gap of 40 milliseconds (msec) may be observed after continuous transmission of the NB-IoT PUSCH transmission satisfies a length threshold of 256 msec. To illustrate, the first example 500 shown by Fig. 5 includes a time allocation to a UE for an uplink transmission (e.g., a NB-IoT PUSCH transmission), where the time allocation spans between an allocation start 502 and an allocation end 504. Based at least in part on a duration of the time allocation satisfying a length threshold (e.g., 256 msec), the UE may include a transmission gap in the uplink transmission, as shown by Fig. 5. For instance, during the time allocation, the UE may transmit a first portion of the uplinktransmission for a first duration 506. The UE may follow the first duration 506 with a transmission gap 508 in which the UE ceases to transmit. Upon expiration of the transmission gap 508, the UE may resume transmitting a second portion of the uplink transmission for a second duration 510 that is adjacent to the transmission gap 508.

[0109] Prior to transmitting an uplink transmission, the UE may calculate a duration of the uplink transmission. Alternatively, or additionally, the UE may calculate a configured transmit power for the uplink duration. To illustrate, the UE may receive an uplink grant for the uplink transmission in downlink control information (DCI). In one example, the DCI may use a DCI- N0 format that may indicate a resource allocation, a modulation and coding scheme (MCS), scheduling information, power control information, redundancy version (RV) information, and / or a resource block (RB) assignment. The UE may use information in the DCI to calculate a size of a transmission block (TB), such as by using resource allocation information in combination with MCS information. Alternatively, or additionally, the UE may use information in the DCI to derive a configured transmit power level for the uplink transmission, an RV for the uplink transmission (e.g., a number of repetitions in a repetition cycle and / or a number of repetitions), a number of resource units (RUs) in the time allocation, an RU size, the allocation start 502, and / or the allocation end 504. Accordingly, the UE may calculate a duration and / or length of an uplink transmission (e.g., a PUSCH transmission), as well as a configured transmit power level using DCI information (e.g., a TB size and / or RV information), and may determine to include one or more transmission gaps, such as the transmission gap 508, in an uplink transmission based at least in part on the duration of the uplink transmission satisfying a length threshold that indicates to include a transmission gap.

[0110] Based at least in part on computing that the duration of the time allocation satisfies a length threshold and / or the configured power level satisfies a power threshold, the UE may determine to switch between antenna groups for transmitting an uplink transmission. As described above, the power threshold and / or the length threshold may be based at least in part on a SAR operating condition. In the first example 500, the UE uses a first antenna group (e.g., Antenna Group 1) to transmit a first portion 512 of the uplink transmission, which is shown in Fig. 5 through the use of solid white for the first portion 512. The UE may transmit the first portion 512 using the configured transmit power level (e.g., an MTPL) and / or the first portion of the uplink transmission may have a duration that satisfies a transmission gap threshold (e.g., a threshold that indicates when to insert a transmission gap). Accordingly, the UE may insert the transmission gap 508 after transmission of the first portion 512.

[0111] Upon resuming transmission of the uplink transmission at the expiration of the transmission gap 508, the UE may transmit a second portion 514 of the uplink transmission using a second antenna group (e.g., Antenna Group 2), where Fig. 5 illustrates the second portion being transmitted by the second antenna group through the use of a dotted pattern. Insome aspects, the UE may transmit the second portion 514 using the configured transmit power level (e.g., an MTPL). Thus, as shown by Fig. 5, the UE may switch between using different antenna groups to transmit respective portions of an uplink transmission. Based at least in part on each antenna group having an independent SAR budget, the UE may transmit each portion at a configured transmit power level while satisfying a SAR operating condition and without disrupting the uplink transmission. That is, the UE may transmit the uplink transmission at a power level that enables reception of the communication at a receiving network node (e.g., a non-terrestrial network node and / or a terrestrial network node) and / or mitigates recovery errors. Accordingly, the UE switching between antenna groups at expiration of a transmission gap may enable the UE to use a full transmission power level (e.g., the configured transmit power level and / or the MTPL) for the entirety of the uplink transmission and satisfy a SAR operating condition.

[0112] While the example 500 illustrates a UE switching between two antenna groups, other examples may include the UE switching between more than two antenna groups. For instance, a UE may include N antenna groups, A being an integer that is greater than 2. Based at least in part on computing that the time allocation includes multiple transmission gaps, that the time allocation satisfies a length threshold, and / or that a configured transmit power level satisfies a power threshold, the UE may switch from using a current antenna group (e.g., Antenna Group 1 being the current antenna group for transmission of the first portion 512 and / or Antenna Group 2 being the current antenna group for transmission of the for the second portion 2) to using a different antenna group of the N antenna groups for transmission of a subsequent portion of an uplink transmission. For instance, the UE may switch from using the second antenna group (e.g., the Antenna Group 2) to using a third antenna group (e.g., an Antenna Group 3) for a third portion of the uplink transmission. The switching between antenna groups may occur within the duration of the time allocation and / or for each portion of the uplink transmission that occurs after a transmission gap. That is, the UE may switch to a respective antenna group of the N antenna groups during each respective transmission gap of the uplink transmission. The UE may switch between all antenna groups in the N antenna groups or a subset of antenna groups in the N antenna groups. Alternatively, or additionally, the UE may repeat usage of a particular antenna group after a particular wait duration has passed (e.g., a wait duration that satisfies a wait duration threshold that is based at least in part on a SAR operating condition).

[0113] The second example 550 shown by Fig. 5 includes a UE 120 that is in communication with a network node 110 (shown as a non-terrestrial network node 110 in the form of a satellite). The UE 120 may include transceiver hardware 552 that may be used to drive a first antenna group 554 and a second antenna group 556 such that the first antenna group 554 and the second antenna group 556 transmit a same signal from the transceiver hardware 552 contemporaneously and / or jointly. For instance, and as shown by Fig. 5, the transceiverhardware 552 may drive a dual port transmission that maps a first port to the first antenna group 554 and a second port to the second antenna group 556. As shown by Fig. 5, the first antenna group 554 may transmit a first portion of the uplink transmission (e.g., a first portion of a joint transmission and / or a dual port transmission) using a fraction of a configured transmit power (e.g., a fraction of an MTPL), shown by reference number 558 as being A transmit power, and the second antenna group 556 may transmit a second portion of the uplink transmission (e.g., a second portion of a joint transmission and / or a dual port transmission) using a fraction of the configured transmit power, shown by reference number 560 as also being A transmit power.

[0114] Based at least in part on each antenna group having an independent SAR budget, generating a multiple port transmission that maps each port to a respective antenna group enables the UE to transmit, via each respective port of the multiple ports, a respective portion of an uplink signal at a fraction of a configured transmit power level. Using a fraction of the configured transmit power level may result in each antenna group transmitting at a lower power level than the configured transmit power level (e.g., an MTPL) and each antenna group satisfying the respective SAR operating condition without disruption in the uplink communication. Alternatively, or additionally, the contemporaneous nature of a multiple port transmission (e.g., joint transmission by each antenna group) may result in the network node 110 receiving a signal that has a commensurate (e.g., within a threshold value) signal -to-noise ratio (SNR) as a single, non-joint transmission that uses the configured transmit power level based at least in part on the multiple signals combining at a receiver of the network node 110.

[0115] As one example of a fractional transmission power level, and using the scenario in which the UE 120 includes N antenna groups, a joint uplink transmission by the UE that transmits a respective portion of the uplink transmission using a respective antenna group of the N antenna groups, the UE 120 may adjust a respective transmission power level of each portion by a factor of That is, the UE 120 may transmit each portion using a transmit power level of(configured transmit power level) such that a joint uplink transmission at a receiver of the network node is observed as having approximately the configured transmit power level. As another example, the UE 120 may select a subset of antenna groups from the N antenna groups to use for the uplink transmission. For instance, the UE 120 may select M antenna groups to include in the subset of antenna groups, M being an integer that is smaller than N. Based at least in part on using M antenna groups to generate the uplink transmission, the UE 120 may transmit each portion of the joint uplink transmission that is by a respective antenna group using a transmit power level that is adjusted factor of (e.g., by using a transmit power level of (configured transmit power level). While the above examples describe the UE 120 using and / or applying an equivalent power level reduction to each antenna group transmission, other examples may include the UE 120 using different power level reductions for each antenna grouptransmission, such as power level reductions that reduce a first antenna group transmission more, relative to a second antenna group transmission (e.g., a weighted factor), in a manner that results in joint uplink transmission at a full power level (e.g., an MTPL).

[0116] The UE 120 may determine to reduce a respective transmit power level of each antenna group transmission based at least in part on computing that the duration of a time allocation of an uplink grant satisfies a length threshold and / or based at least in part on computing that a configured transmit power level associated with the uplink gran (e.g., indicated by the uplink grant) satisfies a power threshold. For instance, in a similar manner as described with respect to the first example 500, the UE 120 may calculate the duration and / or the configured transmit power level using information indicated in the uplink grant (e.g., information indicated in DCI). In some aspects, the UE 120 may compute that the configured transmit power level satisfies a power threshold (e.g., an MTPL that is based at least in part on a SAR operating condition) and / or that the duration of the uplink time allocation satisfies a length threshold (e.g., based at least in part on the SAR operating condition). Based at least in part on the configured transmit power level failing to satisfy the power threshold, the UE 120 may use a single port and / or a single antenna group to transmit the uplink transmission. However, based at least in part on the configured transmit power level satisfying the power threshold and / or the duration satisfying the length threshold, the UE 120 may determine to use multiple ports and / or multiple antenna groups to transmit a respective portion of a (joint) uplink transmission, and the respective transmit power level of each portion may be the configured transmit power level being scaled by a factor.

[0117] A UE may determine to use multiple antenna groups to generate an uplink transmission as described above, such as by alternating between antenna groups and / or scaling a transmit power level of a respective antenna group transmission, to satisfy a SAR operating condition. Accordingly, and based at least in part on using the multiple antenna groups to generate an uplink transmission, the UE may complete transmission of an uplink transmission in a manner that satisfies a SAR operating condition and mitigates a delay and / or failure to complete transmission of the uplink transmission. Mitigating disruptions in the uplink transmission may result in reduced data transfer latencies, increased data throughput, and / or may mitigate connection failures.

[0118] As indicated above, Fig. 5 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 5.

[0119] Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example 600 of a wireless communication process between a network node (e.g., the network node 110) and a UE (e.g., the UE 120), in accordance with the present disclosure. While the example 600 includes exchanges between a network node and a UE, other examples may include commensurate exchanges between a firstUE and a second UE using sidelink signaling. As one example, the first UE and the second UE may exchange similar signaling in a V2X scenario.

[0120] As shown by reference number 610, a network node 110 and a UE 120 may establish a connection. In some aspects, the network node 110 may be a non-terrestrial network node, such as a satellite, while in other aspects, the network node 110 may be a terrestrial network node. To illustrate an example of the network node 110 and the UE 120 establishing a connection, the UE 120 may power up in a cell coverage area provided by the network node 110, and the UE 120 and the network node 110 may perform one or more procedures (e.g., a random access channel (RACH) procedure and / or an RRC procedure) to establish a wireless connection. As another example, the UE 120 may move into the cell coverage area provided by the network node 110 and may perform a handover from a source network node (e.g., another network node 110) to the network node 110. Alternatively, or additionally, the network node 110 and the UE 120 may communicate via the connection based at least in part on any combination of Layer 1 signaling (e.g., downlink control information (DCI) and / or uplink control information (UCI)), Layer 2 signaling (e.g., a MAC control element (CE)), and / or Layer 3 signaling (e.g., RRC signaling). To illustrate, the network node 110 may request, via RRC signaling, UE capability information and / or the UE 120 may transmit, via RRC signaling, the UE capability information. As part of communicating via the connection, the network node 110 may transmit configuration information via Layer 3 signaling (e.g., RRC signaling), and activate and / or deactivate a particular configuration via Layer 2 signaling (e.g., a MAC CE) and / or Layer 1 signaling (e.g., DCI). To illustrate, the network node 110 may transmit the configuration information via Layer 3 signaling at a first point in time associated with the UE being tolerant of communication delays, and the network node 110 may transmit an activation of the configuration via Layer 2 signaling and / or Layer 1 signaling at a second point in time associated with the UE being intolerant to communication delays.

[0121] As shown by reference number 620, the network node 110 may transmit, and the UE 120 may receive, an uplink grant. For example, the network node 110 may transmit the uplink grant in DCI (e.g., DCI-N0), and the DCI may indicate an uplink grant TB size, a number of repetitions, and / or a configured transmit power level. In some aspects, the DCI may indicate information that the UE 120 may use to derive the uplink grant TB size, the number of repetitions, and / or the configured transmit power level, such as a resource allocation, an MCS, scheduling information, power control information, RV information, and / or RB assignment. Alternatively, or additionally, the uplink grant may indicate a duration of a time allocation for an uplink transmission and / or that the duration satisfies a length threshold. In some aspects, the length threshold may be based at least in part on a transmission gap threshold (e.g., a threshold that indicates when to insert a transmission gap) and / or a SAR compliance threshold (e.g., a duration that is associated with a UE meeting the SAR compliance threshold using a configuredtransmit power level). In indicating the configured transmit power level, the uplink grant may indicate that the configured transmit power level for the uplink transmission satisfies a power threshold.

[0122] As shown by reference number 630, the UE 120 may determine to use multiple antenna groups for an uplink transmission. For instance, using information indicated by the uplink grant, the UE 120 may compute that a duration of the time allocation satisfies a length threshold and / or may compute that a configured transmit power level satisfies a power threshold. As one example, the UE may compute the duration of the time allocation based at least in part on an uplink grant TB size and / or a number of repetitions configured for the uplink transmission. Alternatively, or additionally, the UE 120 may compute that the time allocation includes multiple transmission gaps.

[0123] In some aspects, and based at least in part on the time allocation satisfying the length threshold and / or the configured transmit power level satisfying the power threshold, the UE 120 may initiate a transmission switch that includes the UE using different antenna groups to transmit different portions of an uplink transmission. For instance, the UE 120 may initiate a transmission switch that includes the UE 120 using a first antenna group to transmit a first portion of an uplink transmission and switching to using a second antenna group for a second portion of the uplink transmission.

[0124] Alternatively, or additionally, the UE 120 may initiate a combined use of multiple antenna groups to generate a joint transmission. For instance, and as described with regard to Fig. 5, the UE 120 may indicate using a first antenna group and a second antenna group to transmit an uplink transmission as a joint transmission based at least in part on the time allocation satisfying the length threshold and the configured transmit power level satisfying the power threshold.

[0125] As shown by reference number 640, the UE 120 may transmit, and the network node 110 may receive, an uplink transmission, and the UE 120 may generate the uplink transmission using multiple antenna groups. In some aspects, the UE 120 may generate the uplink transmission based at least in part on alternating between antenna groups, such as by transmitting a first portion of an uplink transmission in a first duration of a time allocation for the uplink transmission using a first antenna group, and transmitting a second portion of the uplink transmission in a second duration of the time allocation using a second antenna group. The first duration and the second duration may be separated in the time allocation by a transmission gap and / or the UE 120 may configure each respective antenna group to transmit a respective portion using a full transmit power level (e.g., the configured transmit power level and / or the MTPL). Accordingly, the UE 120 may generate the uplink transmission based at least in part on switching between different antenna groups to transmit a respective portion ofthe uplink transmission. As described with regard to Fig. 5, switching between antenna groups may occur during and / or after a respective transmission gap.

[0126] In some aspects, the UE 120 may switch between antenna groups based at least in part on a respective portion being a continuous uplink transmission. To illustrate, the UE 120 may transmit the first portion of the uplink transmission using the first antenna group, and the first portion may be a continuous uplink transmission that satisfies a transmission gap threshold, a length threshold, and / or a duration threshold (e.g., 256 msec). Based at least in part on the continuous uplink transmission satisfying the duration threshold, the UE 120 may transmit the second portion of the uplink transmission in the second duration of the time allocation using the second antenna group. Alternatively, based at least in part on the first portion not being a continuous uplink transmission, the UE 120 may not switch to using the second antenna group.

[0127] As another example of using multiple antenna groups, the UE 20 may transmit, in a same duration of the time allocation and as the uplink transmission, a joint transmission. The joint transmission may include at least a first portion that is generated by the UE 120 using a first antenna group and a first transmit power level, and a second portion that is generated by the UE 120 using a second antenna group and a second transmit power level. The first transmit power level and the second transmit power level may be configured by the UE 120 to a combined power level that does not exceed a configured transmit power level and / or a power threshold. For instance, in a first scenario in which the UE includes N antenna groups, the first transmit power level and the second transmit power level are based at least in part on a factor of N, as described with regard to Fig. 5. In a second scenario in which the UE 120 selects a subset of antenna groups that includes M antenna groups, M being smaller than N, the first transmit power level and the second transmit power level are based at least in part on a factor of M.

[0128] In some aspects, the UE 120 may transmit the uplink transmission (e.g., via switching antenna groups or using a joint transmission) in a non-terrestrial network, while in other aspects, the UE 120 may transmit the uplink transmission in a terrestrial network. One example of such an uplink transmission may include a PUSCH transmission. However, and as described above, the UE 120 may alternatively or additionally transmit a sidelink transmission (e.g., via switching antenna groups or using a joint transmission) to another UE, such as by transmitting a PSSCH transmission by switching antenna groups and / or using a joint transmission.

[0129] A UE may determine to use multiple antenna groups to generate an uplink transmission as described above, such as by alternating between antenna groups and / or scaling a transmit power level of a respective antenna group transmission, to satisfy a SAR operating condition. Accordingly, and based at least in part on using the multiple antenna groups to generate an uplink transmission, the UE may complete transmission of an uplink transmission in a manner that satisfies a SAR operating condition and mitigates a delay and / or failure to complete transmission of the uplink transmission. Mitigating disruptions in the uplinktransmission may result in reduced data transfer latencies and increased data throughput, and / or may mitigate connection failures.

[0130] As indicated above, Fig. 6 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 6.

[0131] Fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example process 700 performed, for example, at a UE or an apparatus of a UE, in accordance with the present disclosure. Example process 700 is an example where the apparatus or the UE (e.g., UE 120) performs operations associated with antenna group management for an uplink transmission.

[0132] As shown in Fig. 7, in some aspects, process 700 may include transmitting, using a first antenna group, a first portion of an uplink transmission in a first duration of a time allocation for the uplink transmission (block 710). For example, the UE (e.g., using transmission component 904 and / or communication manager 906, depicted in Fig. 9) may transmit, using a first antenna group, a first portion of an uplink transmission in a first duration of a time allocation for the uplink transmission, as described above.

[0133] As further shown in Fig. 7, in some aspects, process 700 may include transmitting, using a second antenna group, a second portion of the uplink transmission in a second duration of the time allocation, the first duration and the second duration separated in the time allocation by a transmission gap (block 720). For example, the UE (e.g., using transmission component 904 and / or communication manager 906, depicted in Fig. 9) may transmit, using a second antenna group, a second portion of the uplink transmission in a second duration of the time allocation, the first duration and the second duration separated in the time allocation by a transmission gap, as described above.

[0134] Process 700 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in connection with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

[0135] In a first aspect, process 700 includes computing that a duration of the time allocation satisfies a length threshold, computing that a configured transmit power level satisfies a power threshold, and initiating a transmission switch to the second antenna group based at least in part on the time allocation satisfying the length threshold and the configured transmit power level satisfying the power threshold.

[0136] In a second aspect, process 700 includes computing the duration of the time allocation based at least in part on at least one of an uplink grant TB size, or a number of repetitions configured for the uplink transmission.

[0137] In a third aspect, process 700 includes receiving downlink control information that indicates at least one of the uplink grant TB size, the number of repetitions, or the configured transmit power level.

[0138] In a fourth aspect, the UE includes N antenna groups, N being an integer, the first antenna group and the second antenna group being included in the N antenna groups at the UE, and process 700 includes computing that the time allocation includes multiple transmission gaps, the transmission gap being included in the multiple transmission gaps, and switching from a current antenna group of the N antenna groups to a different antenna group of the N antenna groups for transmission of a respective portion of the uplink transmission, the switching occurring for a duration of the time allocation and for each respective portion of the uplink transmission that occurs after the respective transmission gap.

[0139] In a fifth aspect, transmitting the first portion of the uplink transmission and the second portion of the uplink transmission includes transmitting the first portion of the uplink transmission and the second portion of the uplink transmission in a non-terrestrial network.

[0140] In a sixth aspect, transmitting the first portion of the uplink transmission and the second portion of the uplink transmission includes transmitting the first portion of the uplink transmission and the second portion of the uplink transmission in a terrestrial network.

[0141] In a seventh aspect, the uplink transmission includes a PUSCH transmission or a PSSCH transmission.

[0142] In an eighth aspect, the first portion of the uplink transmission is a continuous uplink transmission, and transmitting the second portion of the uplink transmission in the second duration of the time allocation using the second antenna group is based at least in part on the first portion being the continuous uplink transmission.

[0143] In a ninth aspect, the continuous uplink transmission satisfies a duration threshold, and transmitting the second portion of the uplink transmission in the second duration of the time allocation using the second antenna group is based at least in part on the continuous uplink transmission satisfying the duration threshold.

[0144] Although Fig. 7 shows example blocks of process 700, in some aspects, process 700 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in Fig. 7. Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 700 may be performed in parallel.

[0145] Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example process 800 performed, for example, at a UE or an apparatus of a UE, in accordance with the present disclosure. Example process 800 is an example where the apparatus or the UE (e.g., UE 120) performs operations associated with antenna group management for an uplink transmission.

[0146] As shown in Fig. 8, in some aspects, process 800 may include receiving an uplink grant for an uplink transmission, the uplink grant indicating that: a duration of a time allocation for the uplink transmission satisfies a length threshold, and a configured transmit power level for the uplink transmission satisfies a power threshold (block 810). For example, the UE (e.g.,using reception component 902 and / or communication manager 906, depicted in Fig. 9) may receive an uplink grant for an uplink transmission, the uplink grant indicating that: a duration of a time allocation for the uplink transmission satisfies a length threshold, and a configured transmit power level for the uplink transmission satisfies a power threshold, as described above.

[0147] As further shown in Fig. 8, in some aspects, process 800 may include transmitting, in a same duration of the time allocation, a first portion of the uplink transmission using a first antenna group and a first transmit power level and a second portion of the uplink transmission using a second antenna group and a second transmit power level, the first transmit power level and the second transmit power level having a combined power level that does not exceed the configured transmit power level (block 820). For example, the UE (e.g., using transmission component 904 and / or communication manager 906, depicted in Fig. 9) may transmit, in a same duration of the time allocation, a first portion of the uplink transmission using a first antenna group and a first transmit power level and a second portion of the uplink transmission using a second antenna group and a second transmit power level, the first transmit power level and the second transmit power level having a combined power level that does not exceed the configured transmit power level, as described above.

[0148] Process 800 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in connection with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

[0149] In a first aspect, process 800 includes computing that the duration of the time allocation satisfies the length threshold, computing that the configured transmit power level satisfies the power threshold, and initiating combined use of the first antenna group and the second antenna group to transmit the uplink transmission based at least in part on the time allocation satisfying the length threshold and the configured transmit power level satisfying the power threshold.

[0150] In a second aspect, the UE includes N antenna groups, A being an integer, the first antenna group and the second antenna group being included in the N antenna groups at the UE, and the first transmit power level and the second transmit power level are based at least in part on a factor of N.

[0151] In a third aspect, the UE includes N antenna groups, A being an integer, the first antenna group and the second antenna group being included in the A antenna groups, and process 800 includes selecting a subset of antenna groups, from the A antenna groups, to use for the uplink transmission, the subset including M antenna groups, M being a second integer, and the first transmit power level and the second transmit power level being based at least in part on a factor of M.

[0152] Although Fig. 8 shows example blocks of process 800, in some aspects, process 800 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in Fig. 8. Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 800 may be performed in parallel.

[0153] Fig. 9 is a diagram of an example apparatus 900 for wireless communication, in accordance with the present disclosure. The apparatus 900 may be a UE, or a UE may include the apparatus 900. In some aspects, the apparatus 900 includes a reception component 902, a transmission component 904, and / or a communication manager 906, which may be in communication with one another (for example, via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). In some aspects, the communication manager 906 is the communication manager 140 described in connection with Fig. 1. As shown, the apparatus 900 may communicate with another apparatus 908, such as a UE or a network node (such as a CU, a DU, an RU, or a base station), using the reception component 902 and the transmission component 904.

[0154] In some aspects, the apparatus 900 may be configured to perform one or more operations described herein in connection with Figs. 4-6. Additionally, or alternatively, the apparatus 900 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as process 700 of Fig. 7, process 800 of Fig. 8, or a combination thereof. In some aspects, the apparatus 900 and / or one or more components shown in Fig. 9 may include one or more components of the UE described in connection with Fig. 2. Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components shown in Fig. 9 may be implemented within one or more components described in connection with Fig. 2. Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components of the set of components may be implemented at least in part as software stored in one or more memories. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by one or more controllers or one or more processors to perform the functions or operations of the component.

[0155] The reception component 902 may receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, from the apparatus 908. The reception component 902 may provide received communications to one or more other components of the apparatus 900. In some aspects, the reception component 902 may perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, de-mapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, among other examples), and may provide the processed signals to the one or more other components of the apparatus 900. In some aspects, the reception component 902 may include one or more antennas, one or more modems, one or more demodulators, one or more MIMO detectors, one or more receive processors, oneor more controllers / processors, one or more memories, or a combination thereof, of the UE described in connection with Fig. 2.

[0156] The transmission component 904 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, to the apparatus 908. In some aspects, one or more other components of the apparatus 900 may generate communications and may provide the generated communications to the transmission component 904 for transmission to the apparatus 908. In some aspects, the transmission component 904 may perform signal processing on the generated communications (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, among other examples), and may transmit the processed signals to the apparatus 908. In some aspects, the transmission component 904 may include one or more antennas, one or more modems, one or more modulators, one or more transmit MIMO processors, one or more transmit processors, one or more controllers / processors, one or more memories, or a combination thereof, of the UE described in connection with Fig. 2. In some aspects, the transmission component 904 may be co-located with the reception component 902 in one or more transceivers.

[0157] The communication manager 906 may support operations of the reception component 902 and / or the transmission component 904. For example, the communication manager 906 may receive information associated with configuring reception of communications by the reception component 902 and / or transmission of communications by the transmission component 904. Additionally, or alternatively, the communication manager 906 may generate and / or provide control information to the reception component 902 and / or the transmission component 904 to control reception and / or transmission of communications.

[0158] The transmission component 904 may transmit, using a first antenna group, a first portion of an uplink transmission in a first duration of a time allocation for the uplink transmission. The transmission component 904 may transmit, using a second antenna group, a second portion of the uplink transmission in a second duration of the time allocation, the first duration and the second duration separated in the time allocation by a transmission gap.

[0159] The communication manager 906 may compute that a duration of the time allocation satisfies a length threshold. Alternatively, or additionally, the communication manager 906 may compute that a configured transmit power level satisfies a power threshold. In some aspects, the communication manager 906 may initiate a transmission switch to the second antenna group based at least in part on the time allocation satisfying the length threshold and the configured transmit power level satisfying the power threshold. At times, the communication manager 906 may compute the duration of the time allocation based at least in part on at least one of an uplink grant TB size, or a number of repetitions configured for the uplink transmission. Alternatively, or additionally, the reception component 902 may receive downlink controlinformation that indicates at least one of the uplink grant TB size, the number of repetitions, or the configured transmit power level.

[0160] The reception component 902 may receive an uplink grant for an uplink transmission, the uplink grant indicating that a duration of a time allocation for the uplink transmission satisfies a length threshold, and a configured transmit power level for the uplink transmission satisfies a power threshold. The transmission component 904 may transmit, in a same duration of the time allocation, a first portion of the uplink transmission using a first antenna group and a first transmit power level and a second portion of the uplink transmission using a second antenna group and a second transmit power level, the first transmit power level and the second transmit power level having a combined power level that does not exceed the configured transmit power level.

[0161] In some aspects, the communication manager 906 may initiate combined use of the first antenna group and the second antenna group to transmit the uplink transmission based at least in part on the time allocation satisfying the length threshold and the configured transmit power level satisfying the power threshold.

[0162] The number and arrangement of components shown in Fig. 9 are provided as an example. In practice, there may be additional components, fewer components, different components, or differently arranged components than those shown in Fig. 9. Furthermore, two or more components shown in Fig. 9 may be implemented within a single component, or a single component shown in Fig. 9 may be implemented as multiple, distributed components. Additionally, or alternatively, a set of (one or more) components shown in Fig. 9 may perform one or more functions described as being performed by another set of components shown in Fig. 9.

[0163] The following provides an overview of some Aspects of the present disclosure:

[0164] Aspect 1 : A method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE), comprising: transmitting, using a first antenna group, a first portion of an uplink transmission in a first duration of a time allocation for the uplink transmission; and transmitting, using a second antenna group, a second portion of the uplink transmission in a second duration of the time allocation, the first duration and the second duration separated in the time allocation by a transmission gap.

[0165] Aspect 2: The method of Aspect 1, further comprising: computing that a duration of the time allocation satisfies a length threshold; computing that a configured transmit power level satisfies a power threshold; and initiating a transmission switch to the second antenna group based at least in part on the time allocation satisfying the length threshold and the configured transmit power level satisfying the power threshold.

[0166] Aspect 3: The method of Aspect 1 or 2, further comprising: computing the duration of the time allocation based at least in part on at least one of: an uplink grant transmission block (TB) size, or a number of repetitions configured for the uplink transmission.

[0167] Aspect 4: The method of any one of Aspects 1-33, further comprising: receiving downlink control information that indicates at least one of: the uplink grant TB size, the number of repetitions, or the configured transmit power level.

[0168] Aspect 5: The method of any of Aspects 1-4, wherein the UE includes N antenna groups, A being an integer, the first antenna group and the second antenna group being included in the N antenna groups at the UE, and wherein the method further comprises: computing that the time allocation includes multiple transmission gaps, the transmission gap being included in the multiple transmission gaps; and switching from a current antenna group of the N antenna groups to a different antenna group of the N antenna groups for transmission of a respective portion of the uplink transmission, the switching occurring for a duration of the time allocation and for each respective portion of the uplink transmission that occurs after the respective transmission gap.

[0169] Aspect 6: The method of any of Aspects 1-5, wherein transmitting the first portion of the uplink transmission and the second portion of the uplink transmission comprises: transmitting the first portion of the uplink transmission and the second portion of the uplink transmission in a non-terrestrial network.

[0170] Aspect 7: The method of any of Aspects 1-6, wherein transmitting the first portion of the uplink transmission and the second portion of the uplink transmission comprises: transmitting the first portion of the uplink transmission and the second portion of the uplink transmission in a terrestrial network.

[0171] Aspect 8: The method of any of Aspects 1-7, wherein the uplink transmission comprises: a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission, or a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) transmission.

[0172] Aspect 9: The method of any of Aspects 1-8, wherein the first portion of the uplink transmission is a continuous uplink transmission, and wherein transmitting the second portion of the uplink transmission in the second duration of the time allocation using the second antenna group is based at least in part on the first portion being the continuous uplink transmission.

[0173] Aspect 10: The method of Aspect 9, wherein the continuous uplink transmission satisfies a duration threshold, and wherein transmitting the second portion of the uplink transmission in the second duration of the time allocation using the second antenna group is based at least in part on the continuous uplink transmission satisfying the duration threshold.

[0174] Aspect 11 : A method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE), comprising: receiving an uplink grant for an uplink transmission, the uplink grantindicating that: a duration of a time allocation for the uplink transmission satisfies a length threshold, and a configured transmit power level for the uplink transmission satisfies a power threshold; and transmitting, in a same duration of the time allocation, a first portion of the uplink transmission using a first antenna group and a first transmit power level and a second portion of the uplink transmission using a second antenna group and a second transmit power level, the first transmit power level and the second transmit power level having a combined power level that does not exceed the configured transmit power level.

[0175] Aspect 12: The method of Aspect 11, further comprising: computing that the duration of the time allocation satisfies the length threshold; computing that the configured transmit power level satisfies the power threshold; and initiating combined use of the first antenna group and the second antenna group to transmit the uplink transmission based at least in part on the time allocation satisfying the length threshold and the configured transmit power level satisfying the power threshold.

[0176] Aspect 13: The method of any of Aspects 11-12, wherein the UE includes N antenna groups, A being an integer, the first antenna group and the second antenna group being included in the N antenna groups at the UE, and wherein the first transmit power level and the second transmit power level are based at least in part on a factor of N.

[0177] Aspect 14: The method of any of Aspects 11-13, wherein the UE includes N antenna groups, A being an integer, the first antenna group and the second antenna group being included in the A antenna groups, and wherein the method further comprises: selecting a subset of antenna groups, from the A antenna groups, to use for the uplink transmission, the subset including M antenna groups, M being a second integer, wherein the first transmit power level and the second transmit power level are based at least in part on a factor of M.

[0178] Aspect 15: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more processors; one or more memories coupled with the one or more processors; and instructions stored in the one or more memories and executable by the one or more processors to cause the apparatus to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-14.

[0179] Aspect 16: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors configured to cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-14.

[0180] Aspect 17: An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising at least one means for performing the method of one or more of Aspects 1-14.

[0181] Aspect 18: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-14.

[0182] Aspect 19: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-14.

[0183] Aspect 20: A device for wireless communication, the device comprising a processing system that includes one or more processors and one or more memories coupled with the one or more processors, the processing system configured to cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-14.

[0184] Aspect 21 : An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors individually or collectively configured to cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-14.

[0185] The foregoing disclosure provides illustration and description but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the aspects to the precise forms disclosed. Modifications and variations may be made in light of the above disclosure or may be acquired from practice of the aspects.

[0186] As used herein, the term “component” is intended to be broadly construed as hardware or a combination of hardware and at least one of software or firmware. “Software” shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executables, threads of execution, procedures, or functions, among other examples, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise. As used herein, a “processor” is implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and software. It will be apparent that systems or methods described herein may be implemented in different forms of hardware or a combination of hardware and software. The actual specialized control hardware or software code used to implement these systems or methods is not limiting of the aspects. Thus, the operation and behavior of the systems or methods are described herein without reference to specific software code, because those skilled in the art will understand that software and hardware can be designed to implement the systems or methods based, at least in part, on the description herein. A component being configured to perform a function means that the component has a capability to perform the function, and does not require the function to be actually performed by the component, unless noted otherwise.

[0187] As used herein, “satisfying a threshold” may, depending on the context, refer to a value being greater than the threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, less than the threshold, less than or equal to the threshold, equal to the threshold, or not equal to the threshold, among other examples.

[0188] As used herein, a phrase referring to “at least one of’ a list of items refers to any combination of those items, including single members. As an example, “at least one of: a, b, or c” is intended to cover a, b, c, a + b, a + c, b + c, and a + b + c, as well as any combination with multiples of the same element (for example, a + a, a + a + a, a + a + b, a + a + c, a + b + b, a + c + c, b + b, b + b + b, b + b + c, c + c, and c + c + c, or any other ordering of a, b, and c).

[0189] No element, act, or instruction used herein should be construed as critical or essential unless explicitly described as such. Also, as used herein, the articles “a” and “an” are intended to include one or more items and may be used interchangeably with “one or more.” Further, as used herein, the article “the” is intended to include one or more items referenced in connection with the article “the” and may be used interchangeably with “the one or more.” Furthermore, as used herein, the terms “set” and “group” are intended to include one or more items and may be used interchangeably with “one or more.” Where only one item is intended, the phrase “only one” or similar language is used. Also, as used herein, the terms “has,” “have,” “having,” and similar terms are intended to be open-ended terms that do not limit an element that they modify (for example, an element “having” A may also have B). Further, the phrase “based on” is intended to mean “based on or otherwise in association with” unless explicitly stated otherwise. Also, as used herein, the term “or” is intended to be inclusive when used in a series and may be used interchangeably with “and / or,” unless explicitly stated otherwise (for example, if used in combination with “either” or “only one of’). It should be understood that “one or more” is equivalent to “at least one.”

[0190] Even though particular combinations of features are recited in the claims or disclosed in the specification, these combinations are not intended to limit the disclosure of various aspects. Many of these features may be combined in ways not specifically recited in the claims or disclosed in the specification. The disclosure of various aspects includes each dependent claim in combination with every other claim in the claim set.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

1. An apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), comprising: one or more memories; and one or more processors, coupled to the one or more memories, configured to cause the UE to: transmit, using a first antenna group, a first portion of an uplink transmission in a first duration of a time allocation for the uplink transmission; and transmit, using a second antenna group, a second portion of the uplink transmission in a second duration of the time allocation, the first duration and the second duration separated in the time allocation by a transmission gap.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the UE to: compute that a duration of the time allocation satisfies a length threshold; compute that a configured transmit power level satisfies a power threshold; and initiate a transmission switch to the second antenna group based at least in part on the time allocation satisfying the length threshold and the configured transmit power level satisfying the power threshold.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the UE to: compute the duration of the time allocation based at least in part on at least one of: an uplink grant transmission block (TB) size, or a number of repetitions configured for the uplink transmission.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the UE to: receive downlink control information that indicates at least one of: the uplink grant TB size, the number of repetitions, or the configured transmit power level.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the UE includes N antenna groups, A being an integer, the first antenna group and the second antenna group being included in the N antenna groups at the UE, and wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the UE to:compute that the time allocation includes multiple transmission gaps, the transmission gap being included in the multiple transmission gaps; and switch from a current antenna group of the N antenna groups to a different antenna group of the N antenna groups for transmission of a respective portion of the uplink transmission, the switching occurring for a duration of the time allocation and for each respective portion of the uplink transmission that occurs after the respective transmission gap.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors, to cause the UE to transmit the first portion of the uplink transmission and the second portion of the uplink transmission, are configured to cause the UE to: transmit the first portion of the uplink transmission and the second portion of the uplink transmission in a non-terrestrial network.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors, to cause the UE to transmit the first portion of the uplink transmission and the second portion of the uplink transmission, are configured to cause the UE to: transmit the first portion of the uplink transmission and the second portion of the uplink transmission in a terrestrial network.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first portion of the uplink transmission is a continuous uplink transmission, and wherein transmitting the second portion of the uplink transmission in the second duration of the time allocation using the second antenna group is based at least in part on the first portion being the continuous uplink transmission.

9. An apparatus for wireless communication at an UE, comprising: one or more memories; and one or more processors, coupled to the one or more memories, configured to cause the UE to: receive an uplink grant for an uplink transmission, the uplink grant indicating that: a duration of a time allocation for the uplink transmission satisfies a length threshold, and a configured transmit power level for the uplink transmission satisfies a power threshold; andtransmit, in a same duration of the time allocation, a first portion of the uplink transmission using a first antenna group and a first transmit power level and a second portion of the uplink transmission using a second antenna group and a second transmit power level, the first transmit power level and the second transmit power level having a combined power level that does not exceed the configured transmit power level.

10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the UE to: compute that the duration of the time allocation satisfies the length threshold; compute that the configured transmit power level satisfies the power threshold; and initiate combined use of the first antenna group and the second antenna group to transmit the uplink transmission based at least in part on the time allocation satisfying the length threshold and the configured transmit power level satisfying the power threshold.

11. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the UE includes N antenna groups, N being an integer, the first antenna group and the second antenna group being included in the N antenna groups at the UE, and wherein the first transmit power level and the second transmit power level are based at least in part on a factor of N.

12. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the UE includes N antenna groups, ' being an integer, the first antenna group and the second antenna group being included in the N antenna groups, and wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the UE to: select a subset of antenna groups, from the N antenna groups, to use for the uplink transmission, the subset including M antenna groups, M being a second integer, wherein the first transmit power level and the second transmit power level are based at least in part on a factor of M.

13. A method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE), comprising: transmitting, using a first antenna group, a first portion of an uplink transmission in a first duration of a time allocation for the uplink transmission; and transmitting, using a second antenna group, a second portion of the uplink transmission in a second duration of the time allocation, the first duration and the second duration separated in the time allocation by a transmission gap.

14. The method of claim 13, further comprising:computing that a duration of the time allocation satisfies a length threshold; computing that a configured transmit power level satisfies a power threshold; and initiating a transmission switch to the second antenna group based at least in part on the time allocation satisfying the length threshold and the configured transmit power level satisfying the power threshold.

15. The method of claim 14, further comprising: computing the duration of the time allocation based at least in part on at least one of: an uplink grant transmission block (TB) size, or a number of repetitions configured for the uplink transmission.

16. The method of claim 13, wherein the UE includes N antenna groups, N being an integer, the first antenna group and the second antenna group being included in the N antenna groups at the UE, and wherein the method further comprises: computing that the time allocation includes multiple transmission gaps, the transmission gap being included in the multiple transmission gaps; and switching from a current antenna group of the N antenna groups to a different antenna group of the N antenna groups for transmission of a respective portion of the uplink transmission, the switching occurring for a duration of the time allocation and for each respective portion of the uplink transmission that occurs after the respective transmission gap.

17. The method of claim 13, wherein transmitting the first portion of the uplink transmission and the second portion of the uplink transmission comprises: transmitting the first portion of the uplink transmission and the second portion of the uplink transmission in a non-terrestrial network.

18. The method of claim 13, wherein transmitting the first portion of the uplink transmission and the second portion of the uplink transmission comprises: transmitting the first portion of the uplink transmission and the second portion of the uplink transmission in a terrestrial network.

19. The method of claim 13, wherein the first portion of the uplink transmission is a continuous uplink transmission, andwherein transmitting the second portion of the uplink transmission in the second duration of the time allocation using the second antenna group is based at least in part on the first portion being the continuous uplink transmission.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein the continuous uplink transmission satisfies a duration threshold, and wherein transmitting the second portion of the uplink transmission in the second duration of the time allocation using the second antenna group is based at least in part on the continuous uplink transmission satisfying the duration threshold.

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