Antenna, communication device and communication system

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of communications. Provided are an antenna, a communication device and a communication system, aiming to solve the problem of using a large number of antenna parts. The antenna provided in the present application comprises a shielding shell, a radiator, an insulating support, a feed network, and a balun structure, wherein the shielding shell has an accommodating cavity and a window in communication with the accommodating cavity; the radiator is located on one side of the shielding shell; a part of the insulating support is fixed in the accommodating cavity, and the other part thereof extends out of the accommodating cavity through the window; the feed network is located in the accommodating cavity and is fixedly connected to the insulating support; the balun structure passes through the window; the balun structure is connected to the feed network at one end and connected to the radiator at the other end; and the balun structure is fixedly connected to the insulating support. In the antenna provided in the present application, both the feed network and the balun structure can be effectively fixed by means of the insulating support, which can ensure the structural stability and safety and high integration of the antenna.

Description

An antenna, a communication device, and a communication system

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202410704431.X, filed on May 31, 2024, entitled “An Antenna, Communication Device and Communication System”, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna, communication equipment, and communication system. Background Technology

[0004] With the development of wireless communication technology, the number of antennas installed in base stations has increased significantly. Antennas include phase shifters and vibrators. The vibrator's main function is to transmit and receive electromagnetic waves. The phase shifter, connected to the vibrator, is used to adjust the phase of the electromagnetic waves generated by the vibrator, thereby adjusting the antenna's radiation direction and scanning range. Currently, antennas have a large number of components, and these components are mainly assembled manually. This results in poor antenna consistency and high manufacturing costs. Furthermore, with the widespread application of antennas, this disadvantage has become more pronounced. Therefore, reducing the number of components in antennas has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an antenna, communication device, and communication system with fewer components and better integration.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides an antenna, including a shielding shell, a vibrator, an insulating support, a feed network, and a balun structure. The shielding shell has a receiving cavity and a window communicating with the receiving cavity. The vibrator is located on one side of the shielding shell and is used to transmit or receive electromagnetic waves. A portion of the insulating support is fixed inside the receiving cavity, and another portion extends out of the receiving cavity through the window. The feed network is located inside the receiving cavity and is fixedly connected to the insulating support. The balun structure passes through the window, with one end connected to the feed network and the other end connected to the vibrator. Furthermore, the balun structure is fixedly connected to the insulating support.

[0007] In the antenna provided in this application, the feed network and balun structure can be effectively fixed simultaneously using an insulating bracket, ensuring the antenna's structural stability and safety. Furthermore, the insulating bracket, being a single integrated structure, has a high degree of integration, effectively reducing the number of components used in the antenna, thus helping to lower manufacturing costs and simplify the assembly process. By creating a window in the shielding shell, a portion of the insulating bracket is located within the receiving cavity, effectively fixing the feed network within the cavity. Another portion of the insulating bracket passes through this window, allowing for effective fixing of the balun structure, thereby achieving a fixed connection between the balun structure and the shielding shell. Additionally, the window through the balun structure allows one end to connect to the feed network and the other end to connect to the vibrator, thus achieving a feed connection between the feed network and the vibrator.

[0008] In one example, the feed circuit and balun structure in the feed network are integrated. By integrating the balun structure with the feed circuit, the passive intermodulation (PIM) problem of the wires can be effectively solved, thereby ensuring antenna performance and effectively reducing signal loss during transmission between the feed circuit and the balun structure.

[0009] Alternatively, in one example, the power supply circuit and the balun structure are independent structural components to improve the flexibility and convenience of manufacturing both the power supply circuit and the balun structure.

[0010] In one example, the vibrator can be of a dual-polarized type. For example, the vibrator includes a first polarized radiating arm and a second polarized radiating arm. Additionally, the shielding shell includes a partition, a portion of which is located within the receiving cavity and divides the cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity; another portion of the partition extends out of the receiving cavity and is grounded to the first and second polarized radiating arms. The feeding network includes a first polarized feeding circuit and a second polarized feeding circuit, the first polarized feeding circuit being located within the first cavity and the second polarized feeding circuit being located within the second cavity. The balun structure includes a first polarized balun and a second polarized balun. The first polarized balun is connected between the first polarized feeding circuit and the first polarized radiating arm, and the second polarized balun is connected between the second polarized feeding circuit and the second polarized radiating arm. The partition effectively shields the first and second polarized feeding circuits from electromagnetic interference, ensuring the antenna's efficiency and stability. In addition, the partition is grounded to the first and second polarized radiating arms in the vibrator, which enables the partition to ground the first and second polarized radiating arms. This reduces the number of components used in the antenna, increases the antenna's integration, and reduces assembly steps.

[0011] In one example, the window includes a first window and a second window, located on opposite sides of a partition. The first window communicates with a first cavity, and the second window communicates with a second cavity. A first polarized balun is connected between a first polarized feed circuit and a first polarized radiating arm via the first window, and a second polarized balun is connected between a second polarized feed circuit and a second polarized radiating arm via the second window. That is, the first polarized feed circuit is connected to the first polarized radiating arm via the first polarized balun, and the second feed circuit is connected to the second polarized radiating arm via the second polarized balun.

[0012] In one example, the insulating support includes a first frame and a second frame. A portion of the first frame is fixed within a first cavity and fixedly connected to a first polarized feed circuit. Another portion of the first frame extends from the first cavity through a first window and is fixedly connected to the oscillator and the first polarized balun. A portion of the second frame is fixed within a second cavity and fixedly connected to a second polarized feed circuit. Another portion of the second frame extends from the second cavity through a second window and is fixedly connected to the oscillator and the second polarized balun. That is, the insulating support includes two frames, a first frame and a second frame. The first frame effectively secures the first polarized feed circuit and the first polarized balun. The second frame effectively secures the second polarized feed circuit via the second polarized balun.

[0013] In one example, the partition has a through hole, the first frame has a protrusion, and the second frame has a fixing hole. The protrusion passes through the through hole and is fixedly connected to the fixing hole. The protrusion in the first frame, after passing through the through hole, can connect to the fixing hole, thereby achieving a fixed connection between the first and second frames. Additionally, the protrusion passing through the through hole can also connect the first frame and the partition, resulting in a stronger connection stability between the first frame, the partition, and the second frame.

[0014] In one example, the antenna has multiple elements arranged sequentially along a first direction. The shielding shell includes a first sidewall, a second sidewall, and a top wall extending along the first direction. The first and second sidewalls are positioned opposite each other, and the top wall connects between the first and second sidewalls, forming a receiving cavity. The shielding shell includes multiple windows arranged sequentially along the first direction. Each element is located on one side of the top wall, and each element corresponds one-to-one with a window. The multiple elements are also arranged one-to-one with multiple first windows and multiple second windows. This allows a first frame to be fixedly connected to the elements through the multiple first windows, and a second frame to be fixedly connected to the elements through the multiple second windows.

[0015] In one example, the antenna also includes a reflector. A shielding shell is fixedly connected to the reflector, with the shell positioned between the vibrator and the reflector. By incorporating the reflector, the accommodating cavity within the shielding shell can be effectively sealed, reducing the material usage and weight of the shielding shell.

[0016] In one example, the antenna also includes a mounting bracket connected between the vibrator and the insulating support. This means that the vibrator and the insulating support can be fixedly connected via the additional mounting bracket, effectively improving the ease of connection between the vibrator and the insulation.

[0017] In one example, the power supply network includes a phase shifter located within a cavity, allowing the shielding shell to effectively protect the phase shifter.

[0018] Secondly, this application also provides a communication device, including a baseband processing unit and the aforementioned antenna, wherein the baseband processing unit is connected to a feed network in the antenna. The antenna can be either an active or passive antenna. For example, when the antenna is an active antenna, it may include a radio frequency (RF) processing unit, and the baseband processing unit can be connected to the feed network through the RF processing unit. Alternatively, when the antenna is a passive antenna, the baseband processing unit can be directly connected to the feed network.

[0019] The radio frequency (RF) processing unit can be used to perform frequency selection, amplification, and down-conversion processing on the signals received by the antenna's vibrator. Alternatively, the RF processing unit can be used to transmit RF signals to the antenna, thereby realizing the antenna's signal transmission and reception functions. By applying the above-mentioned antennas, the integration level of communication equipment can be effectively improved, and the number of components can be effectively reduced. In addition, it also helps to ensure the signal transmission and reception performance of the communication equipment.

[0020] The baseband processing unit is connected to the radio frequency (RF) processing unit. The RF processing unit can be used to perform frequency selection, amplification, and down-conversion processing on the signal received by the antenna, and convert it into an intermediate frequency (IF) signal or a baseband signal to be sent to the baseband processing unit. Alternatively, the RF processing unit can be used to up-convert and amplify the IF signal emitted by the baseband processing unit, convert it into a wireless signal through the antenna, and send it out.

[0021] Thirdly, this application also provides a communication system, including core network equipment and the aforementioned communication equipment. The communication equipment is communicatively connected to the core network equipment to realize wireless communication functionality. In the communication system provided by this application, by equipping it with the aforementioned communication equipment, the signal transmission and reception performance of the communication system can be effectively improved, and its adaptability and flexibility can be enhanced. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of an antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 2 is a simplified structural diagram of a base station provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 3 is a simplified structural diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional structural diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the antenna feeding circuit and balun structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 7 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of another antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of another antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 9 is a schematic planar structure diagram of the first frame of an antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the feed circuit and balun structure of another antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of another antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 12 is an exploded structural diagram of a partial structure of another antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 13 is a cross-sectional structural diagram of another antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 14 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of another antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 15 is an exploded structural diagram of a partial structure of another antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 16 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of another antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] To facilitate understanding of the antenna provided in the embodiments of this application, its application scenarios will be introduced first below.

[0042] The antenna provided in this application embodiment can be used in communication equipment such as base stations and radar to realize wireless communication functions.

[0043] As shown in Figure 1, this application scenario can include a base station and a terminal. Wireless communication can be achieved between the base station and the terminal. The base station can be located in a base station subsystem (BBS), a UMTS terrestrial radio access network (UTRAN), or an evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN), used for cell coverage of wireless signals to enable communication between the terminal device and the wireless network. Specifically, the base station can be a base transceiver station (BTS) in a Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) or Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system, a Node B (NB) in a Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system, an evolved Node B (eNB or eNodeB) in a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, or a radio controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario. Alternatively, the base station can be a relay station, access point, vehicle-mounted equipment, wearable device, or a g node (gNodeB or gNB) in a new radio (NR) system, or a base station in a future evolved network, etc., and the embodiments of this application are not limited thereto.

[0044] In this application, the antenna can also be used in access network equipment, sometimes also called access nodes. Access network equipment has wireless transceiver capabilities for communicating with terminals. Access network equipment includes, but is not limited to, base stations, evolved NodeBs (eNodeBs), transmission reception points (TRPs) in the aforementioned communication systems, next-generation NodeBs (gNBs) in 5G mobile communication systems, future communication networks, access network equipment or modules of access network equipment in Open RAN (ORAN) systems, base stations in future mobile communication systems, or access nodes in WiFi systems. Access network equipment can also be modules or units capable of implementing some of the functions of a base station. For example, access network equipment can be a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU-control plane (CP), a CU-user plane (UP), or a radio unit (RU), as described below. In the ORAN system, CU can also be called O-CU, DU can also be called open (O)-DU, CU-CP can also be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP can also be called O-CUP-UP, and RU can also be called O-RU. The access network equipment can be a macro base station, micro base station, or indoor station, a relay node, a donor node, or a wireless controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario. Optionally, the access network equipment can also be a server, wearable device, or vehicle-mounted equipment. For example, the access network equipment in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technology can be a roadside unit (RSU). Multiple access network equipment in the communication system can be base stations of the same type or different types. Base stations can communicate with terminals directly or through relay stations. Terminals can communicate with multiple base stations using different access technologies.

[0045] As shown in Figure 2, a base station provided in this embodiment includes a base station antenna feeder system. In practical applications, the base station antenna feeder system mainly includes an antenna 01, a feeder line 02, and a grounding device 03. The antenna 01 is generally fixed on a mast 04, and the downtilt angle of the antenna 01 can be adjusted by an antenna adjustment bracket 05 to adjust the signal coverage range of the antenna 01 to a certain extent.

[0046] Additionally, the base station may include a radio frequency (RF) processing unit 06 and a baseband processing unit 20. For example, the RF processing unit 06 can be used to perform frequency selection, amplification, and down-conversion processing on the signal received by the antenna 01, converting it into an intermediate frequency (IF) signal or a baseband signal and sending it to the baseband processing unit 20. Alternatively, the RF processing unit 06 can be used to up-convert and amplify the IF signal emitted by the baseband processing unit 20, converting it into a wireless signal through the antenna 01 and transmitting it. The baseband processing unit 20 can be connected to the feed network of the antenna 01 via the RF processing unit 06. In some embodiments, the RF processing unit 06 may also be referred to as a remote radio unit (RRU), and the baseband processing unit 20 may also be referred to as a baseband unit (BBU).

[0047] As shown in Figure 2, in one possible embodiment, the radio frequency processing unit 06 can be integrated with the antenna 01, while the baseband processing unit 20 is located at the far end of the antenna 01. The radio frequency processing unit 06 and the baseband processing unit 20 can be connected via a feed line 02. In another embodiment, the radio frequency processing unit 06 and the baseband processing unit 20 can both be located at the far end of the antenna 01.

[0048] Referring to Figures 2 and 3, the antenna 01 used in the base station may further include an antenna radome 011, a reflector 012 located within the antenna radome 011, and a feed network 013. The reflector 012 can also be referred to as a base plate. The main function of the feed network 013 is to feed signals to the vibrator 014 with a certain amplitude and phase, or to transmit the wireless signals received by the vibrator 014 to the baseband processing unit 20 of the base station with a certain amplitude and phase. It is understood that, in specific implementations, the feed network 013 may include at least one of the following devices: a phase shifter, a combiner, a transmission or calibration network, or a filter. This application does not limit the components, type, or functions that the feed network 013 can achieve.

[0049] Of course, the antenna 01 described above can also be applied to various other types of communication devices. This application does not limit the application scenarios of the antenna 01.

[0050] Regarding the radome 011, in terms of electrical performance, the radome 011 has good electromagnetic wave penetration, thus not affecting the normal transmission and reception of electromagnetic waves between the vibrator 014 and the outside world. In terms of mechanical performance, the radome 011 has good stress resistance and oxidation resistance, thus being able to withstand the corrosion of harsh external environments.

[0051] The 014 element, also known as a radiator, is a basic structural unit of an antenna, capable of effectively transmitting or receiving electromagnetic waves. In practical applications, the 014 element can be categorized into single-stage and dual-polarized types. The appropriate type of 014 element can be selected based on actual requirements during configuration.

[0052] With the continuous development and widespread application of mobile communication technology, the number of antennas installed in base stations has also increased significantly. Currently, antennas have a large number of components, and these components are mainly assembled manually. This results in poor consistency of the antennas and relatively high manufacturing costs.

[0053] Therefore, this application provides an antenna with fewer components and better integration.

[0054] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0055] As shown in Figures 4 and 5, in one example provided in this application, the antenna 10 includes a shielding shell 11, a vibrator 12, an insulating support 13, a feed network 14, and a balun structure 15.

[0056] The vibrator 12 can effectively transmit or receive electromagnetic waves, thereby realizing the wireless communication function of the antenna 10. In specific applications, the vibrator 12 can be divided into single-polarized and dual-polarized types. In specific configuration, the type of vibrator 12 can be reasonably selected according to actual needs. In the following example, for the sake of clear understanding of the technical solution of this application, the vibrator 12 is first used as a single-polarized type as an example for explanation.

[0057] The main function of the power supply network 14 is to feed signals to the vibrator 12 with a certain amplitude and phase, or to transmit the wireless signals received by the vibrator 12 to the baseband processing unit (not shown in the figure) of the base station with a certain amplitude and phase. In specific implementations, the power supply network 14 may include at least one of the following devices: phase shifter, combiner, transmission or calibration network, or filter. The power supply network 14 will be specifically described in the following examples, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0058] The balun structure 15 can be used to achieve effective conversion between unbalanced and balanced signals, as well as impedance conversion, thereby achieving balanced feeding and impedance matching between the vibrator 12 and the feed network 14 to ensure the working performance of the antenna 10.

[0059] The shielding shell 11 is used to provide an effective mounting position for devices such as the feed network 14 in the antenna 10, and to provide good electromagnetic shielding to ensure the normal operation of the feed network 14.

[0060] The shielding shell 11 has a receiving cavity 110 and a window 111 communicating with the receiving cavity 110. The oscillator 12 is located on one side of the shielding shell 11. A part of the insulating support 13 is fixed inside the receiving cavity 110, and another part extends out of the receiving cavity 110 through the window 111.

[0061] The power supply network 14 is located inside the receiving cavity 110 and is fixedly connected to the insulating bracket 13. In other words, the power supply network 14 can be effectively fixed inside the receiving cavity 110 by the insulating bracket 13 to prevent the power supply network 14 from being displaced or shaking inside the receiving cavity 110, thereby ensuring the normal operation and reliability of the power supply network 14.

[0062] The balun structure 15 passes through the window 111. One end of the balun structure 15 is connected to the feed network 14, and the other end is connected to the vibrator 12. Furthermore, the balun structure 15 is fixedly connected to the insulating support 13. In other words, the insulating support 13 can effectively fix the balun structure 15, thereby ensuring the safety of the balun structure 15 and the operational reliability of the antenna 10.

[0063] In the example provided in this application, the insulating bracket 13 effectively fixes both the feed network 14 and the balun structure 15, ensuring the structural stability and safety of the antenna 10. Furthermore, the insulating bracket 13 is a highly integrated integral structure, effectively reducing the number of components in the antenna 10, thus lowering manufacturing costs and simplifying the assembly process. Alternatively, in some current antennas 10, the feed network 14, located within the housing cavity 110, is fixed within the cavity 110 by a separate bracket. Outside the housing cavity 110, the balun structure 15 is also fixed by an additional bracket, which needs to be fixedly connected to the shielding shell 11. This results in a large number of components and a cumbersome assembly process, hindering the consistency of the antenna 10 and reducing manufacturing costs. In the example provided in this application, a window 111 is provided in the shielding shell 11, allowing both the mechanical connection and the feed connection to be connected, providing greater convenience. For example, in terms of the mechanical connection structure, the first portion 131 of the insulating bracket 13 is located within the receiving cavity 110, effectively fixing the power supply network 14 within the receiving cavity 110. Additionally, the second portion 132 of the insulating bracket 13 passes through the window 111, effectively fixing the balun structure 15, thereby achieving a fixed connection between the balun structure 15 and the shielding shell 11. In summary, in terms of the mechanical structure, the shielding shell 11, the power supply network 14, and the balun structure 15 can be effectively fixed using a single insulating bracket 13. Furthermore, in terms of the electrical connection structure, the balun structure 15 passes through the window 111, allowing one end of the balun structure 15 to connect to the power supply network 14 and the other end to connect to the vibrator 12, thereby achieving a power supply connection between the power supply network and the vibrator 12.

[0064] In specific configurations, the connection between the balun structure 15, the oscillator 12, and the power supply network 14 can be varied.

[0065] For example, the balun structure 15 can be directly electrically connected to the vibrator 12, or the balun structure 15 can be coupled to the vibrator 12 for power feeding. That is, there is no direct contact between the balun structure 15 and the vibrator 12, but rather a small gap exists. The power feeding signal can pass through the gap to achieve the power feeding connection between the balun structure 15 and the vibrator 12, thereby realizing the signal transmission function. Understandably, in specific settings, to ensure the feeding effect between the balun structure 15 and the vibrator 12, one end of the balun structure 15 can be electroplated to improve the signal transmission effect during coupled power feeding. Furthermore, when the balun structure 15 and the vibrator 12 are directly electrically connected, the connection between the balun structure 15 and the vibrator 12 can be achieved through methods such as plugging or soldering. In specific settings, the connection method between the balun structure 15 and the vibrator 12 can be reasonably configured according to actual needs.

[0066] In specific configurations, the structure of the oscillator 12 can also be varied.

[0067] For example, the oscillator 12 can be a sheet metal part. Alternatively, the oscillator 12 can also adopt a printed circuit board structure. In specific configuration, the oscillator 12 can follow the commonly used structural types, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0068] In addition, the balun structure 15 and the power supply network 14 can be integrated or independent of each other.

[0069] For example, as shown in Figure 6, in one example provided in this application, the balun structure 15 and the feed network 14 are integrated. Specifically, the feed network 14 includes a feed circuit 141, and the feed circuit 141 and the balun structure 15 can be integrally formed. For example, both the feed circuit 141 and the balun structure 15 can be metal sheet metal strips. During manufacturing, processes such as stamping and cutting can be used to process the metal sheet blanks, thereby directly forming the integrated feed circuit 141 and balun structure 15. Of course, in other examples, the feed circuit 141 and the balun structure 15 can also be microstrip lines or suspended strip lines, etc. In specific applications, the specific types of the feed circuit 141 and the balun structure 15 can be reasonably selected according to actual needs, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this. In the example provided in this application, by integrating the balun structure 15 with the feed circuit 141, the passive intermodulation (PIM) problem of the antenna 10 can be effectively solved, thereby ensuring the performance of the antenna 10 and effectively reducing the signal loss when transmitting between the feed circuit 141 and the balun structure 15.

[0070] Alternatively, in other examples, the balun structure 15 and the feed circuit 141 can be molded separately, and then connected by welding, riveting, or other methods to achieve a fixed and conductive connection between them. It is understandable that using a separate molding method can simplify the fabrication of the balun structure 15 and the feed circuit 141 to some extent. Furthermore, the balun structure 15 and the feed circuit 141 can also be of different types to increase flexibility in structural type selection. For example, the balun structure 15 can be a sheet metal strip structure, and the feed circuit 141 can be a microstrip line structure.

[0071] In specific configurations, the structure of the shielding shell 11 can also be varied.

[0072] For example, as shown in Figure 4, in one example provided in this application, the shielding shell 11 is specifically a rectangular shell that extends through both ends. Specifically, the shielding shell 11 includes a first sidewall 112, a second sidewall 113, a top wall 114, and a bottom wall 115. The first sidewall 112 and the second sidewall 113 are arranged opposite to each other, and the top wall 114 and the bottom wall 115 are arranged opposite to each other. The first sidewall 112, the top wall 114, the second sidewall 113, and the bottom wall 115 are connected in sequence to form a receiving cavity 110.

[0073] Additionally, window 111 is located on top wall 114, and oscillator 12 is located on one side of top wall 114. That is, oscillator 12 is positioned directly opposite top wall 114 and spaced apart from it. This allows the insulating bracket 13 and balun structure 15 to directly connect to oscillator 12 after extending outwards from window 111, providing good installation convenience. It is understood that in other examples, window 111 can also be located on the first side wall 112 or the second side wall 113. When the insulating bracket 13 and balun structure 15 extend outwards from window 111, they can be bent approximately 90° before connecting to oscillator 12. In specific configurations, the position of window 111 and the specific shapes of the insulating bracket 13 and balun structure 15 can be flexibly configured according to actual needs, which will not be elaborated upon here.

[0074] In specific configurations, the shielding shell 11 can be made of metal materials such as aluminum or copper. Alternatively, the shielding shell 11 can also be made of a plastic shell with a conductive material on its surface. In practical applications, the shielding shell 11 can be manufactured using the same process used for profile manufacturing, thus forming a single piece of the shielding shell 11. Alternatively, the first sidewall 112, the second sidewall 113, the top wall 114, and the bottom wall 115 can be manufactured separately and then fixedly connected using connectors such as welding, riveting, or screws. Alternatively, in some examples, the bottom wall 115 can be omitted. That is, the side of the first sidewall 112 and the second sidewall 113 away from the top wall 114 can be fixedly connected to the reflector (not shown in Figure 4) in the antenna 10.

[0075] When setting up the insulating support 13, the material of the insulating support 13 can be a material with good insulation properties, such as polyamide, polycarbonate, or polyethylene. In specific settings, the material and manufacturing process of the insulating support 13 can be reasonably selected according to actual needs, which will not be elaborated here.

[0076] It is understood that the above example is an illustrative example of oscillator 12 being of single polarization type. In other examples, oscillator 12 may also be of dual polarization type.

[0077] For example, as shown in Figures 7 and 8, in another example provided in this application, the oscillator 12 includes a first polarized radiation arm 121 and a second polarized radiation arm 122. The first polarized radiation arm 121 and the second polarized radiation arm 122 are orthogonally arranged.

[0078] In addition, the shielding shell 11 also includes a partition 116. The first portion 1161 of the partition 116 is located within the receiving cavity 110 and divides the receiving cavity 110 into a first cavity 110a and a second cavity 110b. The second portion 1162 of the partition 116 extends out of the receiving cavity 110 and is grounded to the first polarized radiation arm 121 and the second polarized radiation arm 122. The power supply network 14 includes a first polarized power supply circuit 141a and a second polarized power supply circuit 141b. The first polarized power supply circuit 141a is located within the first cavity 110a, and the second polarized power supply circuit 141b is located within the second cavity 110b. By setting the partition 116, the receiving cavity 110 can be effectively separated, thereby improving the electromagnetic shielding between the first cavity 110a and the second cavity 110b. The first polarization feed circuit 141a is located within the first cavity 110a, and the second polarization feed circuit 141b is located within the second cavity 110b. Therefore, the partition 116 can effectively shield the first polarization feed circuit 141a and the second polarization feed circuit 141b, preventing electromagnetic interference between them and ensuring the efficiency and stability of the antenna 10. Furthermore, the partition 116 is grounded to the first polarization radiating arm 121 and the second polarization radiating arm 122 in the vibrator 12, enabling it to function as a grounding connection. This reduces the number of components in the antenna 10, increases its integration, and reduces assembly steps. Alternatively, it can be understood that in some current antennas 10, the first polarized radiating arm 121 and the second polarized radiating arm 122 in the vibrator 12 require additional conductive components for grounding. These components are typically connected to the vibrator 12 and the ground plane via welding or riveting, resulting in complex assembly processes and poor consistency. In the example provided in this application, the grounding connection of the first polarized radiating arm 121 and the second polarized radiating arm 122 can be achieved through the partition 116, thereby enabling effective utilization of the partition 116.

[0079] Referring to Figures 7 and 8, in order to facilitate the feeding connection between the first polarization radiation arm 121 and the second polarization radiation arm 122 and the feeding network 14, in the example provided in this application, the window 111 has two parts, namely the first window 111a and the second window 111b. The first window 111a and the second window 111b are located on both sides of the partition 116. The first window 111a is connected to the first cavity 110a, and the second window 111b is connected to the second cavity 110b.

[0080] Specifically, the shielding shell 11 includes a first sidewall 112, a second sidewall 113, and a top wall 114 extending along a first direction. The first sidewall 112 and the second sidewall 113 are disposed opposite to each other, and the top wall 114 connects between the first sidewall 112 and the second sidewall 113. The first sidewall 112, the second sidewall 113, and the top wall 114 form a receiving cavity 110. The first window 111a and the second window 111b are both located on the top wall 114. The partition 116 includes two parts, namely a first part 1161 and a second part 1162. The first part 1161 is located inside the receiving cavity 110 and between the first sidewall 112 and the second sidewall 113, thereby dividing the receiving cavity 110 into a first cavity 110a and a second cavity 110b. The second part 1162 of the partition 116 extends out of the top wall 114, and the first window 111a and the second window 111b are respectively located on both sides of the second part 1162.

[0081] The balun structure 15 includes a first polarized balun 15a and a second polarized balun 15b. The first polarized balun 15a is connected between the first polarized feed circuit 141a and the first polarized radiating arm 121, and the second polarized balun 15b is connected between the second polarized feed circuit 141b and the second polarized radiating arm 122.

[0082] Specifically, the first polarization balun 15a is connected between the first polarization feed circuit 141a and the first polarization radiating arm 121 via the first window 111a, and the second polarization balun 15b is connected between the second polarization feed circuit 141b and the second polarization radiating arm 122 via the second window 111b. That is, the first polarization feed circuit 141a is connected to the first polarization radiating arm 121 via the first polarization balun 15a, and the second feed circuit 141 is connected to the second polarization radiating arm 122 via the second polarization balun 15b.

[0083] Additionally, the insulating support includes a first frame 13a and a second frame 13b. A first portion 131a of the first frame 13a is fixed within a first cavity 110a and is fixedly connected to a first polarization power supply circuit 141a. A second portion 132a of the first frame 13a extends out of the first cavity 110a through a first window 111a and is fixedly connected to the oscillator 12 and the first polarization balun 15a. A first portion 131b of the second frame 13b is fixed within a second cavity 110b and is fixedly connected to a second polarization power supply circuit 141b. A second portion 132b of the second frame 13b extends out of the second cavity 110b through a second window 111b and is fixedly connected to the oscillator 12 and the second polarization balun 15b.

[0084] Alternatively, it can be understood that, in the example provided in this application, the insulating support includes two frames, namely a first frame 13a and a second frame 13b. The first frame 13a can effectively fix the first polarized feed circuit 141a and the first polarized balun 15a. The second frame 13b can effectively fix the second polarized feed circuit 141b through the second polarized balun 15b.

[0085] It should be noted that, as shown in Figure 8, in a specific configuration, the power supply network 14 also includes a phase shifter. The type of phase shifter can be varied. For example, in the example provided in Figure 8, the phase shifter includes a sliding medium 142. That is, the phase shifter can be a dielectric phase shifter.

[0086] In specific configurations, the connection methods between the first polarization power supply circuit 141a and the first polarization balun 15a and the first frame 13a can be varied.

[0087] For example, as shown in Figures 9 and 10, in one example provided in this application, the first portion 131a of the first frame 13a has a protrusion 1311a, and the second portion 132a has a protrusion 1321a. The first polarization power supply circuit 141a has a hole 1411a, and the first polarization balun 15a has a hole 151a. The protrusion 1321a, inserted into the hole 151a, achieves a fixed connection between the first frame 13a and the first polarization balun 15a. The protrusion 1311a, inserted into the hole 1411a, achieves a fixed connection between the first frame 13a and the first polarization power supply circuit 141a. Of course, in other examples, the first frame 13a and the first polarization balun 15a can also be fixedly connected to the first polarization power supply circuit 141a by welding, bonding, or other methods. In specific configuration, the connection method between the first frame 13a, the first polarization balun 15a and the first polarization power supply circuit 141a can be reasonably selected according to actual needs.

[0088] In addition, when selecting the connection method between the second polarization power supply circuit 141b and the second polarization balun 15b and the second frame 13b, a similar setting can be made according to the connection method between the first polarization power supply circuit 141a and the first polarization balun 15a and the first frame 13a, which will not be described in detail here.

[0089] In a specific configuration, the first frame 13a can be independently fixed within the first cavity 110a, and the second frame 13b can be independently fixed within the second cavity 110b. That is, the first frame 13a and the second frame 13b can be fixed within the first cavity 110a and the second cavity 110b, respectively.

[0090] Alternatively, as shown in Figures 11 and 12, in one example provided in this application, the first frame 13a and the second frame 13b can also be fixedly connected.

[0091] Specifically, the first part 1161 of the partition 116 has a through hole 11611, the first part 131a of the first frame 13a has a protrusion 1312a, and the first part 131b of the second frame 13b has a fixing hole 1311b. The protrusion 1312a passes through the through hole 11611 and is fixedly connected to the fixing hole 1311b. Specifically, the protrusion 1312a can be a snap-fit, and the fixing hole 1311b can be a snap-fit ​​hole. That is, the first frame 13a and the second frame 13b can be fixedly connected by a snap-fit ​​mechanism.

[0092] In addition, the partition 116 has a through hole 11611. When the protrusion 1312a passes through the through hole 11611 and is connected to the second frame 13b, the relative fixation between the first frame 13a, the second frame 13b and the partition 116 can be achieved, thereby ensuring the connection stability between the first frame 13a, the second frame 13b and the partition 116 (or the shielding shell 11).

[0093] It is understandable that in other examples, the first frame 13a and the second frame 13b can also be fixedly connected by screws, welding, or adhesive. In specific setups, the connection method between the first frame 13a and the second frame 13b can be reasonably selected according to the actual situation, which will not be elaborated upon here.

[0094] In addition, the connection method between the insulating bracket 13 and the oscillator 12 can be varied in specific settings.

[0095] For example, the insulating bracket 13 can be directly fixedly connected to the vibrator 12. Specifically, as shown in Figure 11, in one example provided in this application, both the first frame 13a and the second frame 13b are directly fixedly connected to the vibrator 12. The first frame 13a and the second frame 13b can be fixedly connected to the vibrator 12 by welding, screwing, or other methods. Alternatively, the first frame 13a and the second frame 13b can also be fixedly connected to the vibrator 12 by snap-fit ​​or other methods.

[0096] Alternatively, as shown in Figure 13, in another example provided in this application, the insulating support 13 and the vibrator 12 are fixedly connected by an indirect connection. For example, the antenna 10 also includes a fixing seat 16, which is connected between the vibrator 12 and the insulating support (such as the first frame 13a and the second frame 13b of the insulating support). Specifically, the fixing seat 16 is fixedly connected to the vibrator 12, and the fixing seat 16 is fixedly connected to the second part 132a of the first frame 13a and the second part 132b of the second frame 13b. That is, the first frame 13a, the second frame 13b, and the vibrator 12 are fixedly connected through the fixing seat 16. In a specific configuration, the fixing seat 16 and the vibrator 12 can be fixedly connected by welding, bonding, or snap-fitting. In addition, the fixing seat 16 can also be fixedly connected to the first frame 13a and the second frame 13b by welding, bonding, or snap-fitting.

[0097] In specific settings, the connection method between the vibrator 12 and the first frame 13a and the second frame 13b of the insulating support can be reasonably set according to actual needs, which will not be elaborated here.

[0098] It should be noted that, in the above example, for the sake of clear understanding of the technical solution of this application, the illustrative description is based on the example of an antenna 10 including one vibrator 12. In practical applications, the antenna 10 may include two or more vibrators 12.

[0099] For example, as shown in Figure 14, in one example provided in this application, the antenna 10 includes four elements 12, which are arranged at intervals along a first direction.

[0100] The top wall 114 of the shielding shell 11 has multiple first windows (not shown in FIG. 14) and multiple second windows 111b, which are arranged sequentially at intervals along a first direction. Specifically, there are four first windows, which are arranged sequentially at intervals along the first direction. There are also four second windows 111b, which are arranged sequentially at intervals along the first direction.

[0101] In summary, all four vibrators 12 are located on one side of the top wall 114, meaning that all four vibrators 12 are positioned opposite to the top wall 114, and there is a significant distance between each vibrator 12 and the top wall 114. The four vibrators 12 correspond one-to-one with the four first windows (not shown in Figure 14) and the four second windows 111b. This allows the first frame 13a to pass through the four first windows and be fixedly connected to the vibrators 12, and the second frame 13b to pass through the four second windows 111b and be fixedly connected to the vibrators 12.

[0102] As shown in Figure 15, the first frame 13a has a comb-like structure, comprising a single first part 131a and four extending second parts 132a. The four second parts 132a pass through four first windows and are fixedly connected to four vibrators 12. The second frame 13b also has a comb-like structure, comprising a single first part 131b and four extending second parts 132b. The four second parts 132b pass through four second windows 111b and are fixedly connected to four vibrators 12.

[0103] In addition, the balun structure 15 includes four first polarized baluns 15a and four second polarized baluns (not shown in Figure 15).

[0104] Specifically, four first polarization baluns 15a are arranged sequentially along the first direction, and one end of each first polarization balun 15a is connected to a first polarization feed circuit 141a, while the other end is connected to the first polarization radiating arm 121 of the four oscillators 12. Correspondingly, four second polarization baluns are arranged sequentially along the first direction, and one end of each second polarization balun is connected to a second polarization feed circuit (not shown in Figure 15), while the other end is connected to the second polarization radiating arm 122 of the four oscillators 12.

[0105] In specific configurations, the distance between two adjacent second windows 111b along the first direction can be reasonably set according to the arrangement distance of the oscillators 12. For example, if the distance between two adjacent oscillators 12 along the first direction is L, then the distance between two adjacent second windows 111b is also L. Correspondingly, the distance between two adjacent second polarized baluns (not shown in Figure 15) along the first direction is also L. In addition, the distance between the second parts 132b of two adjacent second frames 13b along the first direction is also L. In summary, in specific configurations, the specific positional arrangement of the second windows 111b, the second polarized baluns, and the second parts 132b of the second frames 13b can be set according to the position of the oscillators 12. Correspondingly, the specific positional arrangement of the first window 111a, the first polarized balun, and the second parts 132a of the first frame 13a can be set according to the position of the oscillators 12, which will not be elaborated here.

[0106] It is understood that the example provided in Figure 14 is an exemplary illustration using an antenna 10 that includes a shielding shell 11 and four vibrators 12.

[0107] In practical applications, the antenna 10 may also include more elements 12 and more shielding shells 11. Multiple shielding shells 11 can be arranged sequentially along the second direction. In specific configurations, the number and arrangement of shielding shells 11 and elements 12 can be reasonably set according to actual needs, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0108] Additionally, as shown in Figure 16, in one example provided in this application, the antenna 10 further includes a reflector 17, which is located on the side of the shielding shell 11 opposite to the vibrator 12. The shielding shell 11 can be fixedly connected by welding, bonding, or fasteners such as screws or rivets. Furthermore, the shielding shell 11 and the reflector 17 can also be electrically connected to ground the shielding shell 11. Alternatively, it can be understood that the shielding shell 11 can be grounded through a conductive component such as a wire, or the shielding shell 11 can also be grounded through the reflector 17.

[0109] Additionally, as shown in Figure 16, in the example provided in this application, the reflector 17 is located on the side of the shielding shell 11 away from the vibrator 12. Therefore, in some examples, the bottom wall 115 of the shielding shell 11 can be omitted to reduce the material cost and weight of the shielding shell 11. Alternatively, the cross-section of the shielding shell 11 can be approximately U-shaped. That is, the side of the shielding shell 11 away from the vibrator 12 is open, allowing the power supply network to be installed into the shielding shell 11 from the open end, which provides better assembly convenience. Furthermore, when performing operations such as welding on the shielding shell 11, excess solder and other impurities can be removed from the open end, providing better manufacturing convenience.

[0110] It should be noted that in practical applications, the power supply network 14 also includes devices such as phase shifters, combiners, transmission or calibration networks, or filters. These devices can be located within the housing cavity 110 or on the side of the reflector away from the shielding shell 11. The specific placement of these devices can be flexibly selected according to actual needs, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0111] It should be noted that, in practical applications, the antenna 10 described above can be used in various types of communication equipment such as base stations.

[0112] For example, as shown in Figure 17, taking a communication device as a base station as an example, the base station may include a mast 04 and an adjustment bracket 05. The antenna 10 can be fixedly mounted on the mast 04 via the adjustment bracket 05.

[0113] Of course, in practical applications, the base station may also include a feeder 02, a grounding device 03, an RF processing unit 06, and a baseband processing unit 20. Simply put, the RF processing unit 06 can be used to perform frequency selection, amplification, and down-conversion processing on the signal received by the antenna 01, converting it into an intermediate frequency (IF) signal or a baseband signal and sending it to the baseband processing unit 20. Alternatively, the RF processing unit 06 can be used to up-convert and amplify the IF signal emitted by the baseband processing unit 20, converting it into a wireless signal through the antenna 01 and transmitting it. The baseband processing unit 20 can be connected to the feed network of the antenna 01 via the RF processing unit 06. In some embodiments, the RF processing unit 06 may also be called a remote radio unit (RRU), and the baseband processing unit 20 may also be called a baseband unit (BBU).

[0114] Additionally, as shown in Figure 18, this application embodiment also provides a communication system, including a communication device and a core network device. The communication device and the core network device are communicatively connected. The core network device includes, but is not limited to, mobility management devices, serving gateways, and wireless gateways.

[0115] In the various embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified or in case of logical conflict, the terminology and / or descriptions of different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features of different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationship.

[0116] In this application, "multiple" means two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural.

[0117] It is understood that the various numerical designations used in the embodiments of this application are merely for descriptive convenience and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application. The order of the process numbers described above does not imply the order of execution; the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that, Includes shielding shell, oscillator, insulating support, power supply network and balun structure; The shielding shell has a receiving cavity and a window communicating with the receiving cavity; The oscillator is located on one side of the shielding shell, and the oscillator is used to transmit or receive electromagnetic waves; A portion of the insulating support is fixed inside the receiving cavity, and another portion extends out of the receiving cavity through the window; The power supply network is located inside the receiving cavity and is fixedly connected to the insulating bracket; The balun structure passes through the window, one end of the balun structure is connected to the power supply network, the other end is connected to the oscillator, and the balun structure is fixedly connected to the insulating support.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply circuit in the power supply network is an integral part of the balun structure, or the power supply circuit and the balun structure are independent structural components.

3. The antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The oscillator includes a first polarized radiating arm and a second polarized radiating arm; The shielding shell also includes a partition, a portion of which is located within the receiving cavity and divides the receiving cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity. Another portion of the partition extends out of the receiving cavity and is grounded to the first polarized radiation arm and the second polarized radiation arm. The power supply network includes a first polarization power supply circuit and a second polarization power supply circuit, wherein the first polarization power supply circuit is located in the first cavity and the second polarization power supply circuit is located in the second cavity. The balun structure includes a first polarized balun and a second polarized balun; The first polarization balun is connected between the first polarization feed circuit and the first polarization radiating arm, and the second polarization balun is connected between the second polarization feed circuit and the second polarization radiating arm.

4. The antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The window includes a first window and a second window, which are located on both sides of the partition. The first window communicates with the first cavity, and the second window communicates with the second cavity. The first polarized balun is connected between the first polarized feed circuit and the first polarized radiating arm by the first window, and the second polarized balun is connected between the second polarized feed circuit and the second polarized radiating arm by the second window.

5. The antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, The insulating support includes a first frame and a second frame; A portion of the first frame is fixed inside the first cavity and is fixedly connected to the first polarization power supply circuit; another portion of the first frame extends out of the first cavity through the first window and is fixedly connected to the oscillator and the first polarization balun. A portion of the second frame is fixed inside the second cavity and is fixedly connected to the second polarization power supply circuit; another portion of the second frame extends out of the second cavity through the second window and is fixedly connected to the oscillator and the second polarization balun.

6. The antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, The partition has through holes, the first frame has protrusions, and the second frame has fixing holes; The protrusion passes through the through hole and is fixedly connected to the fixing hole.

7. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The antenna has a plurality of elements, which are arranged sequentially along a first direction; The shielding shell includes a first sidewall, a second sidewall, and a top wall extending along the first direction. The first sidewall and the second sidewall are disposed opposite to each other, and the top wall is connected between the first sidewall and the second sidewall. The first sidewall, the second sidewall, and the top wall form the receiving cavity. The shielding shell includes a plurality of windows, and the plurality of windows are arranged sequentially along a first direction; Each of the multiple oscillators is located on one side of the top wall, and each of the multiple oscillators corresponds to one of the multiple windows.

8. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The antenna also includes a reflector; The shielding shell is fixedly connected to the reflector, wherein the shielding shell is located between the vibrator and the reflector.

9. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The antenna also includes a mounting base, which is connected between the vibrator and the insulating support.

10. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The power supply network includes a phase shifter located within the cavity.

11. A communication device, characterized in that, It includes a baseband processing unit and an antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the baseband processing unit is connected to the feed network.

12. The communication device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The baseband processing unit is connected to the feed network; or, the antenna includes a radio frequency processing unit, and the baseband processing unit is connected to the feed network through the radio frequency processing unit.

13. A communication system, characterized in that, It includes core network equipment and communication equipment as described in claim 11 or 12, wherein the communication equipment is communicatively connected to the core network equipment.

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