Low peak to average power ratio sequence based signal
By employing Zadoff-Chu sequences with specific root indices, the high PAPR issue in wireless communication systems is addressed, enhancing transmission efficiency and coverage in integrated sensing and communication systems.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/099986
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-19
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-26
AI Technical Summary
Existing wireless communication technologies face challenges in achieving high transmission efficiency due to high peak to average power ratio (PAPR) in sensing reference signals, which limits the sensing performance and coverage in integrated sensing and communication systems.
Utilizing Zadoff-Chu sequences with specific root indices and cyclic shifts to generate low PAPR signals for both downlink and uplink communications, reducing PAPR and enhancing transmission efficiency.
The implementation of low PAPR Zadoff-Chu sequences improves sensing performance and coverage by reducing PAPR, benefiting both sensing and communication applications.
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Figure CN2024099986_26122025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
LOW PEAK TO AVERAGE POWER RATIO SEQUENCE BASED SIGNALTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] This document is directed generally to digital wireless communications.BACKGROUND
[0002] Mobile telecommunication technologies are moving the world toward an increasingly connected and networked society. In comparison with the existing wireless networks, next generation systems and wireless communication techniques will need to support a much wider range of use-case characteristics and provide a more complex and sophisticated range of access requirements and flexibilities.
[0003] Long-Term Evolution (LTE) is a standard for wireless communication for mobile devices and data terminals developed by 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) . LTE Advanced (LTE-A) is a wireless communication standard that enhances the LTE standard. The 5th generation of wireless system, known as 5G, advances the LTE and LTE-Awireless standards and is committed to supporting higher data-rates, large number of connections, ultra-low latency, high reliability and other emerging business needs. Advancements in wireless technology are also made possible with the development of 6th generation of wireless system, known as 6G, which is currently underway.SUMMARY
[0004] Techniques are disclosed for generating and / or transmitting a low peak to average power ratio (PAPR) sequence based signal.
[0005] A first example wireless communication method includes generating, by a wireless device, a base sequence according a root index, where the root index has a value from a plurality of values, and where the value of the root index is selected or generated by one of at least two methods; generating a low peak to average power ratio (PAPR) sequence using the base sequence; generating a low PAPR signal using the low PAPR sequence; and transmitting the low PAPR signal.
[0006] In some embodiments, one of the at least two methods selects the value of the root index from the plurality of values such that is equal to another value, and q is the root index, and NZC is a length of a Zadoff-Chu sequence which is defined by a cyclic shift of the base sequence. In some embodiments, one of the at least two methods selects the value of the root index from the plurality of values so that is equal to another value, and q is the root index and NZC is a length of a Zadoff-Chu sequence which is defined by a cyclic shift of the base sequence.
[0007] In some embodiments, the another value is less than or equal to a threshold value. In some embodiments, the threshold value is 0 or 1. In some embodiments, the low PAPR sequence is defined by a cyclic shift of the base sequence. In some embodiments, the plurality of values includes a first value of 1 and a second value of NZC –1. In some embodiments, the plurality of values includes a first value of 1, a second value of NZC –1, a third value of (NZC –1) / 2, and a fourth value of (NZC + 1) / 2. In some embodiments, one of the at least two methods selects the value of the root index from the plurality of values that includes a group identifier and an identifier of the base sequence within a group identified by the group identifier.
[0008] A second example wireless communication method includes generating, by a wireless device, a base sequence according a root index, where the root index has a value that is based on an index from a plurality of indexes, and where the index indicates a position of the root index among a set of values listed in an order according to a set of rule; generating a low peak to average power ratio (PAPR) sequence using the base sequence; generating a low PAPR signal using the low PAPR sequence; and transmitting the low PAPR signal.
[0009] In some embodiments, the set of rules includes a first rule that indicates that in response to one value of the root index having that is smaller than that of another value of the root index, the one value of the root index with a smaller value for is listed first in order in the set of values, and where q is the root index, and NZC is a length of a Zadoff-Chu sequence which is defined by a cyclic shift of the base sequence. In some embodiments, the set of rules includes a second rule that indicates that in response to at least two values of the root index having a same value for and in response to being smaller for one value of the root index than for another value of the root index, then the one value of the root index is listed first in order in the set of values.
[0010] In some embodiments, the set of rules includes a third rule that indicates that in response to multiple values for the root index having a same value for min and for one value of the root index that is smaller or smallest compared to other values of the root index is listed first in order in the set of values. In some embodiments, the set of rules includes a first rule that indicates that an even index i from the plurality of indexes maps to the root index being less than which is ranked in -th place using a rule from the set of rules, where NZC is a length of a Zadoff-Chu sequence which is defined by a cyclic shift of the base sequence. In some embodiments, the rule specifies that a value for is determined for each value of the root index from multiple values of the root index, where one value of the root index that produces a smaller value for than that for other values of the root index, where the one value is listed first in order in the set of values, and where q is the root index.
[0011] In some embodiments, the rule specifies that for at least two values of the root index producing a same value for alarger value of the root index from the at least two values is listed first in order in the set of values, and where q is the root index. In some embodiments, the set of rules includes a second rule that indicates that an odd index i from the plurality of indexes maps to the root index being greater than which is ranked in -th place using a rule from the set of rules, and NZC is a length of a Zadoff-Chu sequence which is defined by a cyclic shift of the base sequence. In some embodiments, the rule specifies that a value for is determined for each value of the root index from multiple values of the root index, where one value of the root index that produces a smaller value for than that for other values of the root index, where the one value is listed first in order in the set of values, and where q is the root index.
[0012] In some embodiments, where the rule specifies that for at least two values of the root index producing a same value for asmaller value of the root index from the at least two values is listed first in order in the set of values, and where q is the root index. In some embodiments, where the set of rules includes a third rule that indicates that an odd index i from the plurality of indexes maps to the root index being equal to NZC-q’, where q’ is another value for the root index that maps to even index (i-1) , and where NZC is a length of a Zadoff-Chu sequence which is defined by a cyclic shift of the base sequence. In some embodiments, one or more sequence generation parameters that include the index, the group identifier, or the identifier of the base sequence are indicated by higher-layer parameters received by the wireless device.
[0013] In some embodiments, the method for FIGS. 8 and 9 further comprises transmitting, by the wireless device, one or more sequence generation configurations to a base station, where the one or more sequence generation configurations include a sequence type configuration that indicates whether a pseudo-random sequence or a Zadoff Chu sequence is used. In some embodiments, the method of FIGS. 8 and 9 further comprises receiving, by the wireless device from a sensing function (SF) , a request for capability of the wireless device; and transmitting, by the wireless device, the capability of the wireless device that indicates whether the wireless device supports the low-PAPR sequence that is a Zadoff Chu sequence, or that includes one or more sequences that the wireless device is able to support.
[0014] In yet another exemplary aspect, the above-described methods are embodied in the form of processor-executable code and stored in a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The code included in the computer readable storage medium when executed by a processor, causes the processor to implement the methods described in this patent document.
[0015] In yet another exemplary embodiment, a device that is configured or operable to perform the above-described methods is disclosed.
[0016] The above and other aspects and their implementations are described in greater detail in the drawings, the descriptions, and the claims.
[0017] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
[0018] FIG. 1 shows a peak to average power ratio (PAPR) comparison of Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequences using different values of a group number (or group index or group identifier) u.
[0019] FIG. 2 shows example scenarios where a user equipment (UE) or sensing function (SF) transmits the recommended sequence generation configurations to the BS.
[0020] FIG. 3 shows a set of operations between a UE, a base station (BS) and a SF.
[0021] FIG. 4 shows that a SF transmits a UE capability enquiry to a UE, and the UE transmits the UE capability information to the SF.
[0022] FIG. 5 shows an exemplary block diagram of a hardware platform that may be a part of a network device or a communication device.
[0023] FIG. 6 shows an example of wireless communication including a base station (BS) and user equipment (UE) based on some implementations of the disclosed technology.
[0024] FIG. 7 shows an exemplary flowchart for transmitting a low PAPR signal.
[0025] FIG. 8 shows another exemplary flowchart for transmitting a low PAPR signal.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] One of the technical problems with existing technology is how to realize high-performance sensing using existing reference scheme of current 5G NR as shown in the table shown below.
[0027] If integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) reuses the reference signal scheme shown in the table above, one of the advantages is compatibility, and the sensing signal may also be reused as the reference signals for other purposes. However, directly reusing such a scheme can greatly limits the sensing performance. For the downlink, the signal generated by the frequency-domain pseudo-random sequence can have a high peak to average power ratio (PAPR) . For the uplink, although the Zadoff-chu sequence can have constant amplitudes, the PAPR after the oversampling operation can be relatively high when the root indices in the existing standards are used. This patent document describes, among other techniques, techniques where Zadoff-chu sequence can be used to generate the sensing reference signal for base station (BS) and / or user equipment (UE) with specific root indices to reduce PAPR. One of the technical effects or technical benefits of achieving a lower PAPR not only works for sensing, but also can be applied in communications and positioning.
[0028] The example headings for the various sections below are used to facilitate the understanding of the disclosed subject matter and do not limit the scope of the claimed subject matter in any way. Accordingly, one or more features of one example section can be combined with one or more features of another example section. For instance, the same terms used in the example embodiments below indicate that a feature described in one embodiment can be used with another embodiment. Furthermore, 5G or 6G terminology is used for the sake of clarity of explanation, but the techniques disclosed in the present document are not limited to 5G or 6G technology only, and may be used in wireless systems that implemented other protocols.
[0029] I. Introduction
[0030] Due to the rapid development of wireless communications, integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) has become one of the promising technologies for 6G. ISAC can enable future communication systems to not only transmit data but also extract valuable information from the physical world. ISAC has gained growing interest from both academic and industrial fields, leading to a rise in research efforts.
[0031] A sensing reference signal can reuse the sequence design of the existing positioning reference signal. The positioning reference signal uses pseudo-random sequence.
[0032] Generic pseudo-random sequences are defined by a length-31 Gold sequence. The output sequence c (n) of length MPN, where n=0, 1, ..., MPN-1, is defined by c (n) = (x1 (n+NC) +x2 (n+NC) ) mod2 x1 (n+31) = (x1 (n+3) +x1 (n) ) mod2 x2 (n+31) = (x2 (n+3) +x2 (n+2) +x2 (n+1) +x2 (n) ) mod2
[0033] where NC=1600 and the first m-sequence x1 (n) can be initialized with
[0034] x1 (0) =1, x1 (n) =0, n=1, 2, ..., 30. The initialization of the second m-sequence, x2 (n) , is denoted by with the value depending on the application of the sequence.
[0035] The UE can assume the positioning reference-signal sequence r (m) is defined by
[0036] The pseudo-random sequence generator can be initialized with
[0037] where is the slot number, the downlink PRS sequence ID is given by the higher-layer parameter dl-PRS-SequenceID, and l is the OFDM symbol within the slot to which the sequence is mapped.
[0038] One of the advantages of using pseudo-random sequence is its flexibility. As any part of a large pseudo-random sequence can still be a pseudo-random sequence, it is easy to reuse part of a PRS as other downlink reference signals like demodulation reference signal (DMRS) and channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) . Also, the cross-correlation of pseudo-random sequences with different lengths is still good. However, pseudo-random sequence has high PAPR, which reduces the transmission efficiency. It may not be a problem for the downlink communication, as the coverage of communication is more limited by uplink. The sensing procedure has a round trip, and therefore the sensing coverage is much shorter than communication. In this case, low PAPR sequence design should be considered. Zadoff-Chu sequence is proposed to be used in sensing reference signal. This patent document describes techniques for obtaining low PAPR sequence that have a PAPR that is lower than that for existing sequences used by current wireless standard.
[0039] Zadoff-Chu sequence is used in the uplink in the existing schemes. This low-PAPR Zadoff Chu sequence is defined by a cyclic shift α of a base sequence according to
[0040] where is the length of the sequence. Multiple sequences are defined from a single base sequence through different values of α and δ.
[0041] Base sequences are divided into groups, where u∈ {0, 1, ..., 29} is the group number (or group index or group identifier) and v is the base sequence number (or base sequence index or base sequence identifier) within the group, such that each group contains one base sequence (v=0) of each length 1 / 2≤m / 2δ≤5 and two base sequences (v=0,1) of each length 6≤m / 2δ. The definition of the base sequence depends on the sequence length MZC.
[0042] For the base sequence is given by
[0043] where
[0044] The length NZC is the largest prime number such thatNZC<MZC. xq (m) is a ZC sequence with a length of NZC and a root index of q.
[0045] FIG. 1 shows the PAPR comparison of ZC sequences using different values of a group number (or group index or group identifier) u. Using proposed methods, the PAPR@1e-2 can be reduced by more than 1 dB. As the PAPRs of the sequences using the same base sequence are same, the following embodiments only show how to generate the base sequence. After generating the base sequence, the low-PAPR sequence can be generated. The wireless node then maps the low-PAPR sequence to the sub-carriers, generates a low-PAPR signal using IFFT and transmits the low-PAPR signal.
[0046] II. Embodiment 1
[0047] In this embodiment, the BS and / or UE can generate a sensing reference signal using the following method.
[0048] For the base sequence is given by
[0049] where n = 0, 1, …, MZC; m = 0, 1, …, NZC; and q is decided or determined by logical index i using Table I. The logical index i can be obtained or determined by a BS and / or UE using configuration information that may be previously stored on the BS and / or UE, where the configuration information may be indicated to the BS and / or the UE by the core network.
[0050] Table I –One example mapping method of i and q
[0051] The length NZC is the largest prime number such thatNZC<MZC. The root index q = 1 makes equal to 0, and q = NZC -1 makes equal to 0.0 is the smallest value among non-negative integers.
[0052] Table I can be replaced by Table II to increase the number of root sequences. The root index q = (NZC -1) / 2 makes equal to 1, and q = (NZC + 1) / 2 makes equal to 1.1 is the second smallest value among non-negative integers.
[0053] Table II –One example mapping method of i and q
[0054] The BS or UE generates the low-PAPR sequence which is defined by a cyclic shift α of a base sequence according to
[0055] where is the length of the sequence. Multiple sequences are defined from a single base sequence through different values of α and δ.
[0056] Then, the BS or UE maps the low-PAPR sequence to the sub-carriers, generates the time-domain sensing signal using IFFT, and transmits the time-domain sensing signal.
[0057] The sensing receiving node, which can be the same BS, the same UE, another BS or another UE, receives the time-domain sensing signal, and generates a low-PAPR sequence using the same method. Then, the receiving node uses the received signal and the sequence to estimate the channel information, and extract sensing information from the channel information. The sensing information includes the range, angle, Doppler, position, and velocity of at least one target.
[0058] III. Embodiment 2
[0059] This embodiment shows a way of generating more low-PAPR ZC sequences for sensing reference signal. The number of ZC sequences is I. The sequence generation methods are as follows.
[0060] For the base sequence is given by
[0061] where n = 0, 1, …, MZC; m = 0, 1, …, NZC; and root index q is decided or determined by the logical index i. The logical index i can be obtained or determined by a BS and / or UE using configuration information that may be previously stored on the BS and / or UE, where the configuration information may be indicated to the BS and / or the UE by the core network. MZC is a total number of subcarriers so that NZC can be selected as a maximum prime number that is less than MZC.
[0062] A logical index i maps to the root index q which is ranked the i-th place using the following rules shown below and performed in order from the first rule to the third rule, where the placement of q in the results from each rule shown below corresponds to the i-th place for that rule (e.g., for first (or second or third) rule, the q value listed first can correspond to i = 1, the q value listed second can correspond to i =2, and so on) :
[0063] ● First rule: For one value of q, if is smaller than that of another value of q, the corresponding q with the smaller value is listed first in order.
[0064] ● Second rule: If min for multiple values of q is the same, this rule applies. If is smaller for one value of q than that of another value of q, the corresponding q is listed first in order.
[0065] ● Third rule: If min for multiple values of q is the same as well as for these values of q is the same, the smaller q is listed first in order.
[0066] When I = 2 or 4, this method is equivalent to that in embodiment 1. When I = 2, q =1 and q = NZC -1 makes smaller than that of any other values of q. However, the order between q = 1 and q = NZC -1 cannot be decided as they both make equal to 0.Then, the second rule is applied. As both values of q make equal to the third rule is applied which decides q = 1 is listed before q = NZC -1. Therefore, when i is configured to 0, q = 1. When i is configured to 1, q = NZC -1. The difference between embodiment 1 and 2 is that embodiment 2 is more suitable for the cases when I > 4, as a simple mapping relationship of i and q cannot be directly obtained. The third rule can be replaced by “the larger q is listed first” , which does not affect the technical effect.
[0067] IV. Embodiment 3
[0068] The mapping between q and i can be written in other equivalent ways. For example, the even i maps to the which is ranked the -th place using the following rule:
[0069] ● (1) For each value of q from the plurality of values for q, a value for is determined. The q having a smaller value for is listed first in order.
[0070] ● (2) For at least two q values having a same value for alarger value of q is listed first in order.
[0071] The odd i maps to the which is ranked the -th place using the following rule:
[0072] ● (1) For each value of q from the plurality of values for q, a value for is determined. The q has a smaller value for is listed first in order.
[0073] ● (2) For at least two q values having a same value for asmaller value of q is listed first in order.
[0074] V. Embodiment 4
[0075] The mapping between odd i and can be changed to the following: The odd i maps to the q=NZC-q’, where q’ is what the even (i-1) maps to.
[0076] VI. Embodiment 5
[0077] This embodiment shows another method of generating the base sequence using the group number (or group index or group identifier) u and the base sequence number (or base sequence index or base sequence identifier) v within the group identified by u. This method is more compatible to existing standards.
[0078] For the base sequence is given by
[0079] where n = 0, 1, …, MZC; m = 0, 1, …, NZC;
[0080] where when u is not larger than 29, q is decided or determined by
[0081] and when u is larger than 29, the q is decided or determined by Table III or Table IV.
[0082] Table III –One example mapping method of (u, v) and q
[0083] Table IV –One example mapping method of (u, v) and q
[0084] The length NZC is given by the largest prime number such thatNZC<MZC. In this method, when u is not larger than 29, the mapping from (u, v) to q is the same as that in the existing standards, which shows the compatibility. When u is larger than 30, lower PAPR can be achieved.
[0085] The sensing reference signal can also be configured with u = 0~29 when the PAPR is not a major problem in some scenarios like short-range sensing.
[0086] The sensing reference signal can also only use u > 29. In this case, the advantage is that the sensing receiver can identify whether a reference signal is for sensing by the value of u. VII. Embodiment 6:
[0087] In any one or more of the embodiments described in this patent document, the sequence generation parameters, e.g. (1) the logical index i, or (2) the group number (or group index or group identifier) u and the sequence number v within the group, are decided or determined by at least the higher-layer parameters. The high-layer parameters can be transmitted from a network element, e.g., SF (sensing function) , in core network to BS or UE. The sequence generation parameters can also be decided or determined by the time-frequency position indices.
[0088] The logical index i and the sequence group u is where is the slot number within a frame for subcarrier spacing configuration μ, l′ is the OFDM symbol number within the sensing reference signal resource, and I is the number of sequences and sequence groups, respectively. The sequence number v depends on the higher-layer parameter groupOrSequenceHopping. The sensing reference signal sequence identity nID is given by the higher layer parameter sequenceId.
[0089] - if groupOrSequenceHopping equals ‘neither’ , neither group, nor sequence hopping can be used and v=0
[0090] - if groupOrSequenceHopping equals ‘groupHopping’ , group hopping but not sequence hopping can be used and v=0
[0091] where c (i) is a pseudo-random sequence and can be initialized with cinit=nID at the beginning of each radio frame, is the number of symbols per slot, and l0 is the starting position in the time domain.
[0092] - if groupOrSequenceHopping equals ‘sequenceHopping’ , sequence hopping but not group hopping can be used and
[0093] where c (i) is a pseudo-random sequence and can be initialized with at the beginning of each radio frame, is the number of symbols per slot, and l0 is the starting position in the time domain.
[0094] VIII. Embodiment 7
[0095] The UE or SF decides a recommended sequence generation configurations according to a sensing range. As shown in FIG. 2, sensing function (SF) (e.g., in core network) or a UE transmits the recommended sequence generation configurations to the BS. The recommended configurations includes the sequence type configuration. The sequence type configuration indicates whether Pseudo-noise sequence (PN) or ZC sequence is used. The configuration further contains the ZC configuration if ZC is configured. The ZC configuration includes whether ZC uses conventional root indices or the proposed low PAPR root indices. The ZC configuration also includes the exact root index. The BS decides the the sequence generation parameters according to the recommendation message, and then send the configuration to UE or SF.
[0096] For UE cases, an alternate way is to replace transmission from UE to BS to the following steps as shown in FIG. 3: the UE transmits the recommended configurations to the SF via non-access stratum (NAS) layer. The SF transmits the recommended configurations to the BS.
[0097] IX. Embodiment 8:
[0098] FIG. 4 shows that a SF transmits a UE capability inquiry (or request for UE capability) to a UE, and the UE transmits the UE capability information to the SF. The capability information includes whether the UE supports the proposed low-PAPR ZC sequence, or the capability information includes the one or more sequence types (or sequence generation methods) the UE is able to support, or the capability information includes the one or more sequences the UE is able to support.
[0099] This patent document describes an example technique in which a wireless node can generate a base sequence according a root index, where the root index of the base sequence has a value range containing a plurality of values generated by one of at least two methods; generate a low-PAPR sequence using the base sequence; generate a low-PAPR signal using the low-PAPR sequence; and transmit the low-PAPR signal. One of the at least two methods can select the root index q from a plurality of values that can make or small.
[0100] FIG. 5 shows an exemplary block diagram of a hardware platform 500 that may be a part of a network device (e.g., base station) or a communication device (e.g., a user equipment (UE) ) . The hardware platform 500 includes at least one processor 510 and a memory 505 having instructions stored thereupon. The instructions upon execution by the processor 510 configure the hardware platform 500 to perform the operations described in FIGS. 1 to 4 and 6 to 8 in the various embodiments described in this patent document. The transmitter 515 transmits or sends information or data to another device. For example, a network device transmitter can send a message to a user equipment. The receiver 520 receives information or data transmitted or sent by another device. For example, a user equipment can receive a message from a network device.
[0101] The implementations as discussed above will apply to a wireless communication. FIG. 6 shows an example of a wireless communication system (e.g., a 5G or NR cellular network) that includes a base station 620 and one or more user equipment (UE) 611, 612 and 613. In some embodiments, the UEs access the BS (e.g., the network) using a communication link to the network (sometimes called uplink direction, as depicted by dashed arrows 631, 632, 633) , which then enables subsequent communication (e.g., shown in the direction from the network to the UEs, sometimes called downlink direction, shown by arrows 641, 642, 643) from the BS to the UEs. In some embodiments, the BS send information to the UEs (sometimes called downlink direction, as depicted by arrows 641, 642, 643) , which then enables subsequent communication (e.g., shown in the direction from the UEs to the BS, sometimes called uplink direction, shown by dashed arrows 631, 632, 633) from the UEs to the BS. The UE may be, for example, a smartphone, a tablet, a mobile computer, a machine to machine (M2M) device, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, and so on.
[0102] FIG. 7 shows an exemplary flowchart for transmitting a low PAPR signal. Operation 702 includes generating, by a wireless device, a base sequence according a root index, where the root index has a value from a plurality of values, and where the value of the root index is selected or generated by one of at least two methods. Operation 704 includes generating a low peak to average power ratio (PAPR) sequence using the base sequence. Operation 706 includes generating a low PAPR signal using the low PAPR sequence. Operation 708 includes transmitting the low PAPR signal.
[0103] In some embodiments, one of the at least two methods selects the value of the root index from the plurality of values such that is equal to another value, and q is the root index, and NZC is a length of a Zadoff-Chu sequence which is defined by a cyclic shift of the base sequence. In some embodiments, one of the at least two methods selects the value of the root index from the plurality of values so that is equal to another value, and q is the root index and NZC is a length of a Zadoff-Chu sequence which is defined by a cyclic shift of the base sequence.
[0104] In some embodiments, the another value is less than or equal to a threshold value. In some embodiments, the threshold value is 0 or 1. In some embodiments, the low PAPR sequence is defined by a cyclic shift of the base sequence. In some embodiments, the plurality of values includes a first value of 1 and a second value of NZC –1. In some embodiments, the plurality of values includes a first value of 1, a second value of NZC –1, a third value of (NZC –1) / 2, and a fourth value of (NZC + 1) / 2. In some embodiments, one of the at least two methods selects the value of the root index from the plurality of values that includes a group identifier and an identifier of the base sequence within a group identified by the group identifier.
[0105] FIG. 8 shows another exemplary flowchart for transmitting a low PAPR signal. Operation 802 includes generating, by a wireless device, a base sequence according a root index, where the root index has a value that is based on an index from a plurality of indexes, and where the index indicates a position of the root index among a set of values listed in an order according to a set of rule. Operation 804 includes generating a low peak to average power ratio (PAPR) sequence using the base sequence. Operation 806 includes generating a low PAPR signal using the low PAPR sequence. Operation 808 includes transmitting the low PAPR signal.
[0106] In some embodiments, the set of rules includes a first rule that indicates that in response to one value of the root index having that is smaller than that of another value of the root index, the one value of the root index with a smaller value for is listed first in order in the set of values, and where q is the root index, and NZC is a length of a Zadoff-Chu sequence which is defined by a cyclic shift of the base sequence. In some embodiments, the set of rules includes a second rule that indicates that in response to at least two values of the root index having a same value for and in response to being smaller for one value of the root index than for another value of the root index, then the one value of the root index is listed first in order in the set of values.
[0107] In some embodiments, the set of rules includes a third rule that indicates that in response to multiple values for the root index having a same value for min and for one value of the root index that is smaller or smallest compared to other values of the root index is listed first in order in the set of values. In some embodiments, the set of rules includes a first rule that indicates that an even index i from the plurality of indexes maps to the root index being less than which is ranked in -th place using a rule from the set of rules, where NZC is a length of a Zadoff-Chu sequence which is defined by a cyclic shift of the base sequence. In some embodiments, the rule specifies that a value for is determined for each value of the root index from multiple values of the root index, where one value of the root index that produces a smaller value for than that for other values of the root index, where the one value is listed first in order in the set of values, and where q is the root index.
[0108] In some embodiments, the rule specifies that for at least two values of the root index producing a same value for alarger value of the root index from the at least two values is listed first in order in the set of values, and where q is the root index. In some embodiments, the set of rules includes a second rule that indicates that an odd index i from the plurality of indexes maps to the root index being greater than which is ranked in -th place using a rule from the set of rules, and NZC is a length of a Zadoff-Chu sequence which is defined by a cyclic shift of the base sequence. In some embodiments, the rule specifies that a value for is determined for each value of the root index from multiple values of the root index, where one value of the root index that produces a smaller value for than that for other values of the root index, where the one value is listed first in order in the set of values, and where q is the root index.
[0109] In some embodiments, where the rule specifies that for at least two values of the root index producing a same value for asmaller value of the root index from the at least two values is listed first in order in the set of values, and where q is the root index. In some embodiments, where the set of rules includes a third rule that indicates that an odd index i from the plurality of indexes maps to the root index being equal to NZC-q’, where q’ is another value for the root index that maps to even index (i-1) , and where NZC is a length of a Zadoff-Chu sequence which is defined by a cyclic shift of the base sequence. In some embodiments, one or more sequence generation parameters that include the index, the group identifier, or the identifier of the base sequence are indicated by higher-layer parameters received by the wireless device.
[0110] In some embodiments, the method for FIGS. 8 and 9 further comprises transmitting, by the wireless device, one or more sequence generation configurations to a base station, where the one or more sequence generation configurations include a sequence type configuration that indicates whether a pseudo-random sequence or a Zadoff Chu sequence is used. In some embodiments, the method of FIGS. 8 and 9 further comprises receiving, by the wireless device from a sensing function (SF) , a request for capability of the wireless device; and transmitting, by the wireless device, the capability of the wireless device that indicates whether the wireless device supports the low-PAPR sequence that is a Zadoff Chu sequence, or that includes one or more sequences that the wireless device is able to support.
[0111] In this document the term “exemplary” is used to mean “an example of” and, unless otherwise stated, does not imply an ideal or a preferred embodiment.
[0112] Some of the embodiments described herein are described in the general context of methods or processes, which may be implemented in one embodiment by a computer program product, embodied in a computer-readable medium, including computer-executable instructions, such as program code, executed by computers in networked environments. A computer-readable medium may include removable and non-removable storage devices including, but not limited to, Read Only Memory (ROM) , Random Access Memory (RAM) , compact discs (CDs) , digital versatile discs (DVD) , etc. Therefore, the computer-readable media can include a non-transitory storage media. Generally, program modules may include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. Computer-or processor-executable instructions, associated data structures, and program modules represent examples of program code for executing steps of the methods disclosed herein. The particular sequence of such executable instructions or associated data structures represents examples of corresponding acts for implementing the functions described in such steps or processes.
[0113] Some of the disclosed embodiments can be implemented as devices or modules using hardware circuits, software, or combinations thereof. For example, a hardware circuit implementation can include discrete analog and / or digital components that are, for example, integrated as part of a printed circuit board. Alternatively, or additionally, the disclosed components or modules can be implemented as an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) and / or as a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) device. Some implementations may additionally or alternatively include a digital signal processor (DSP) that is a specialized microprocessor with an architecture optimized for the operational needs of digital signal processing associated with the disclosed functionalities of this application. Similarly, the various components or sub-components within each module may be implemented in software, hardware or firmware. The connectivity between the modules and / or components within the modules may be provided using any one of the connectivity methods and media that is known in the art, including, but not limited to, communications over the Internet, wired, or wireless networks using the appropriate protocols.
[0114] While this document contains many specifics, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of an invention that is claimed or of what may be claimed, but rather as descriptions of features specific to particular embodiments. Certain features that are described in this document in the context of separate embodiments can also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment can also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable sub-combination. Moreover, although features may be described above as acting in certain combinations and even initially claimed as such, one or more features from a claimed combination can in some cases be excised from the combination, and the claimed combination may be directed to a sub-combination or a variation of a sub-combination. Similarly, while operations are depicted in the drawings in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results.
[0115] Only a few implementations and examples are described and other implementations, enhancements and variations can be made based on what is described and illustrated in this disclosure.
Claims
1.A wireless communication method, comprising:generating, by a wireless device, a base sequence according a root index,wherein the root index has a value from a plurality of values, andwherein the value of the root index is selected or generated by one of at least two methods;generating a low peak to average power ratio (PAPR) sequence using the base sequence;generating a low PAPR signal using the low PAPR sequence; andtransmitting the low PAPR signal.2.The method of claim 1,wherein one of the at least two methods selects the value of the root index from the plurality of values such thatis equal to another value, andwherein q is the root index, and NZC is a length of a Zadoff-Chu sequence which is defined by a cyclic shift of the base sequence.3.The method of claim 1,wherein one of the at least two methods selects the value of the root index from the plurality of values so thatis equal to another value, andwherein q is the root index and NZC is a length of a Zadoff-Chu sequence which is defined by a cyclic shift of the base sequence.4.The method of any one of claims 2 or 3, wherein the another value is less than or equal to a threshold value.5.The method of claim 4, wherein the threshold value is 0 or 1.6.The method of claim 1, wherein the low PAPR sequence is defined by a cyclic shift of the base sequence.7.The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of values includes a first value of 1 and a second value of NZC –1.8.The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of values includes a first value of 1, a second value of NZC –1, a third value of (NZC –1) / 2, and a fourth value of (NZC + 1) / 2.9.The method of claim 1, wherein one of the at least two methods selects the value of the root index from the plurality of values that includes a group identifier and an identifier of the base sequence within a group identified by the group identifier.10.A wireless communication method, comprising:generating, by a wireless device, a base sequence according a root index,wherein the root index has a value that is based on an index from a plurality of indexes, andwherein the index indicates a position of the root index among a set of values listed in an order according to a set of rule;generating a low peak to average power ratio (PAPR) sequence using the base sequence;generating a low PAPR signal using the low PAPR sequence; andtransmitting the low PAPR signal.11.The method of claim 10,wherein the set of rules includes a first rule that indicates that in response to one value of the root index having minthat is smaller than that of another value of the root index, the one value of the root index with a smaller value for minis listed first in order in the set of values, andwherein q is the root index, and NZC is a length of a Zadoff-Chu sequence which is defined by a cyclic shift of the base sequence.12.The method of claim 11, wherein the set of rules includes a second rule that indicates that in response to at least two values of the root index having a same value for min and in response to being smaller for one value of the root index than for another value of the root index, then the one value of the root index is listed first in order in the set of values.13.The method of claim 11, wherein the set of rules includes a third rule that indicates that in response to multiple values for the root index having a same value for min and for one value of the root index that is smaller or smallest compared to other values of the root index is listed first in order in the set of values.14.The method of claim 10,wherein the set of rules includes a first rule that indicates that an even index i from the plurality of indexes maps to the root index being less thanwhich is ranked inplace using a rule from the set of rules, andwherein NZC is a length of a Zadoff-Chu sequence which is defined by a cyclic shift of the base sequence.15.The method of claim 14,wherein the rule specifies that a value foris determined for each value of the root index from multiple values of the root index,wherein one value of the root index that produces a smaller value forthan that for other values of the root index,wherein the one value is listed first in order in the set of values, andwherein q is the root index.16.The method of claim 14,wherein the rule specifies that for at least two values of the root index producing a same value foralarger value of the root index from the at least two values is listed first in order in the set of values, andwherein q is the root index.17.The method of claim 10,wherein the set of rules includes a second rule that indicates that an odd index i from the plurality of indexes maps to the root index being greater thanwhich is ranked inplace using a rule from the set of rules, andwherein NZC is a length of a Zadoff-Chu sequence which is defined by a cyclic shift of the base sequence.18.The method of claim 17,wherein the rule specifies that a value foris determined for each value of the root index from multiple values of the root index,wherein one value of the root index that produces a smaller value forthan that for other values of the root index,wherein the one value is listed first in order in the set of values, andwherein q is the root index.19.The method of claim 17,wherein the rule specifies that for at least two values of the root index producing a same value forasmaller value of the root index from the at least two values is listed first in order in the set of values, andwherein q is the root index.20.The method of claim 10,wherein the set of rules includes a third rule that indicates that an odd index i from the plurality of indexes maps to the root index being equal to NZC-q’,wherein q’ is another value for the root index that maps to even index (i-1) , andwherein NZC is a length of a Zadoff-Chu sequence which is defined by a cyclic shift of the base sequence.21.The method of any one of claims 9 or 10, wherein one or more sequence generation parameters that include the index, the group identifier, or the identifier of the base sequence are indicated by higher-layer parameters received by the wireless device.22.The method of any one of claims 1 to 21, further comprising:transmitting, by the wireless device, one or more sequence generation configurations to a base station, wherein the one or more sequence generation configurations include a sequence type configuration that indicates whether a pseudo-random sequence or a Zadoff Chu sequence is used.23.The method of any one of claims 1 to 21, further comprising:receiving, by the wireless device from a sensing function (SF) , a request for capability of the wireless device; andtransmitting, by the wireless device, the capability of the wireless device that indicates whether the wireless device supports the low-PAPR sequence that is a Zadoff Chu sequence, or that includes one or more sequences that the wireless device is able to support.24.An apparatus for wireless communication comprising a processor, configured to cause the apparatus to implement a method recited in one or more of claims 1 to 23.25.A non-transitory computer readable program storage medium having code stored thereon, the code, when executed by a processor, causing the processor to implement a method recited in one or more of claims 1 to 23.
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