Optical lens, transmitting module, probe apparatus and terminal device

Abstract

An optical lens, a transmitting module, a probe apparatus, and a terminal device, relating to the technical field of optics and serving to reduce the compressive deformation of lens pieces caused by lens barrels under high-temperature working conditions. The optical lens comprises: a lens barrel, a lens piece, and a spacer ring assembly; the edge of the lens is in local contact with an inner wall surface of the lens barrel; the spacer ring assembly comprises a first spacer ring and a second spacer ring, the first spacer ring and the second spacer ring being respectively in contact with two surfaces of the lens piece in the axial direction; in the radial direction of the lens piece, there is a first distance between the contact position of the first spacer ring and the center-of-gravity position of the lens piece, and there is a second distance between the contact position of the second spacer ring and the center-of-gravity position of the lens piece, the first distance being different from the second distance. On the basis of such structure, a combination of two forces applied by the two spacer rings to the lens piece will generate a certain moment on the lens piece. The moment can be used to reduce or offset the moment generated by a compressive force of the lens barrel on the lens piece under high-temperature working conditions, so as to reduce or eliminate the deformation of the lens piece caused by the compressive force of the lens barrel on the lens piece.

Description

An optical lens, a transmitting module, a detection device, and a terminal equipment.

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202410816799.5, filed on June 21, 2024, with the invention entitled "An Optical Lens, Transmitting Module, Detection Device and Terminal Equipment", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of optical technology, and in particular to an optical lens, a transmitting module, a detection device, and a terminal device. Background Technology

[0004] With the continuous advancement of optical technology, plastic materials have gradually replaced traditional glass materials as the main raw material for making lenses. Plastic lenses have advantages such as light weight, low cost, easy manufacturing, strong impact resistance, high wear resistance, and good transparency, and have been increasingly used in optical lenses of various devices, including but not limited to electronic products, optical instruments, medical devices, and smart home devices.

[0005] Referring to Figure 1a, in an optical lens, a plastic lens element can be mounted inside the lens barrel. The plastic lens element has a larger coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) than the lens barrel. Therefore, under high-temperature conditions, the plastic lens element will undergo greater free expansion than the lens barrel. This free expansion of the plastic lens element is compressed by the lens barrel in the Y direction, causing deformation in the x direction. The higher the temperature, the more pronounced the deformation of the plastic lens element in the x direction, resulting in a greater change in the mirror curvature and a poorer optical image quality.

[0006] Currently, to reduce the extrusion deformation of plastic lenses by the lens barrel (see Figure 1b), plastic lenses are typically used in locations farther from the heat source, while glass lenses are still used closer to the heat source. While this approach avoids the plastic lenses operating at high temperatures, it also limits their application range and prevents them from achieving their optimal performance. To address this, some improvements consider leaving a gap between the plastic lens and the lens barrel, as shown in Figure 1c. At higher temperatures, the gap allows for some deformation of the plastic lens, thus reducing extrusion deformation caused by CTE mismatch between the lens barrel and the plastic lens. However, under non-high-temperature conditions, this arrangement can cause the optical center of the plastic lens to deviate from the optical axis, resulting in some loss of optical performance.

[0007] Therefore, further research is needed on how to reduce the compression deformation of the lens by the lens barrel under high-temperature conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This application provides an optical lens, a transmitting module, a detection device, and a terminal device to maintain the optical performance of the lens as much as possible while reducing the compression deformation of the lens by the lens barrel under high temperature conditions.

[0009] In a first aspect, this application provides an optical lens, comprising: a lens barrel and a lens, the lens being fixed inside the lens barrel; a first surface of the lens having a first groove, the distance between the first groove and the edge of the lens being less than a threshold distance; the edge of the lens being in partial contact with the inner wall surface of the lens barrel, the location of the partial contact being located radially outside the first groove and axially at the center of gravity of the lens in a first direction, the first direction being the direction of the first surface of the lens relative to the center of gravity of the lens.

[0010] By employing the above optical lens, and by setting a first groove on the first surface of the lens, and placing the partial contact point between the lens and the lens barrel on the outer side of the first groove, the compressive force exerted by the lens barrel on the lens under high-temperature conditions can be controlled to be located outside the first groove. Therefore, the compression of the lens barrel on the lens under high-temperature conditions is converted into compression of the lens portion outside the first groove by the lens barrel. Due to the presence of the first groove, the lens portion outside the first groove deforms inwards under the compressive force. In other words, most of the deformation caused by the compressive force of the lens barrel is absorbed by the first groove and is not transmitted to the central area of ​​the lens, i.e., the light-transmitting surface of the lens. Thus, the deformation of the light-transmitting surface of the lens caused by the compressive force of the lens barrel can be reduced or even eliminated, maintaining the optical performance of the lens under high-temperature conditions.

[0011] The optical lenses described above achieve the effect of reducing high-temperature deformation of the lens by creating a groove on one side of the lens surface and setting a partial contact method between the lens and the lens barrel, without limiting the scope of use of the lens or reserving space for lens deformation. Therefore, when the lens is made of plastic, high-temperature deformation of the plastic lens can be reduced without affecting its scope of use and optical performance.

[0012] In one possible design, the first surface of the lens has one or more first grooves, which are arranged along the circumference of the lens.

[0013] The above design provides various grooving schemes for the lens, allowing for flexible lens structure configuration. For example, when high control over high-temperature deformation of the lens is required in a given scenario, only one first groove can be grooved on the lens, covering its entire circumference. Alternatively, when high contact strength between the lens and the lens barrel is required, multiple first grooves can be grooved on the lens, with a certain distance between them.

[0014] In a further possible design, the ratio between the sum of the lengths of one or more first grooves and the circumference of the circle in which they are located is greater than or equal to 70%.

[0015] By using the above design, maintaining the groove ratio at 70% or higher can effectively control the surface shape changes of the lens under high-temperature conditions.

[0016] In one possible design, along the lens axis, the depth of the first groove is K times the thickness of the lens edge, 2. 1 ≤K≤ 2 3.

[0017] Through the above design, the depth of the first groove is controlled to be 2 times the thickness of the lens edge. 1 ~ 2 Within a range of 3, it can meet the requirements of existing preparation processes.

[0018] It is necessary to achieve the desired effect without making the lens too brittle. In other words, it is possible to maintain the stability of the lens in the lens barrel while taking into account the ease of preparation.

[0019] In one possible design, the width of the first groove in the radial direction of the lens is greater than 0.5 mm.

[0020] Through the above design, the first groove can have a certain width, thereby enabling the first groove to have a certain ability to tolerate groove segment deformation.

[0021] In one possible design, the distance between the first groove and the edge of the lens in the radial direction is greater than 0.5 mm.

[0022] Through the above design, the lens portion on the outer side of the first groove can have a certain width, thereby giving the lens portion a certain rigidity. This rigidity can be used to withstand the compressive force of the lens portion under high temperature conditions, thus preventing the lens from breaking at the edge.

[0023] In one possible design, the first groove on the axial section of the lens is rectangular, trapezoidal, trapezoidal, triangular, or triangular.

[0024] Through the above design, the first groove can have a variety of selectable shapes, allowing for flexible configuration of the lens structure. For example, in scenarios requiring high deformation control, a rectangular, trapezoidal, or trapezoidal first groove can be chosen to achieve greater deformation tolerance through a larger groove internal size. Conversely, in scenarios requiring high contact strength, a triangular or triangular first groove can be selected to reduce the grooved area of ​​the lens through a relatively smaller groove internal size, thus maintaining the lens's high strength.

[0025] In one possible design, the optical lens also includes a first spacer and a second spacer, with one side of the first spacer contacting the inner wall of the lens barrel and the other side of the first spacer contacting the first surface of the lens element, and one side of the second spacer contacting the inner wall of the lens barrel and the other side of the second spacer contacting the second surface of the lens element.

[0026] Through the above design, the first spacer can be limited radially by the inner wall of the lens barrel and axially by the first surface of the lens. The second spacer can be limited radially by the inner wall of the lens barrel and axially by the second surface of the lens. Thus, the first spacer combined with the second spacer can achieve axial limitation of the lens.

[0027] In a further possible design, the distance between the first spacer and the center of gravity of the lens is equal to the distance between the second spacer and the center of gravity of the lens in the radial direction of the lens.

[0028] Through the above design, the torque generated by the combination of the first spacer and the second spacer is 0, which in turn makes the torque of the lens 0 under normal operating conditions. The lens will not deform under normal operating conditions, thus maintaining the optical performance of the lens under normal operating conditions.

[0029] In one possible design, on the axial cross-section of the lens: the first surface of the lens comprises multiple segments, all of which are flat, or the segments located on both sides of the first groove are flat, and the middle segment is curved inward or outward; the second surface of the lens comprises multiple segments, with the edge segments being flat and the middle segment being curved outward; or, the first surface of the lens comprises multiple segments, with the segments located on both sides of the first groove being flat and the middle segment being curved outward; the second surface of the lens is flat, or comprises multiple segments, with the edge segments being flat and the middle segment being curved inward or outward.

[0030] Through the above design, the lens can be a lens with a shape resembling a large belly (referred to as a "large belly lens"), such as a plano-convex lens, a concave-convex lens, or a biconvex lens. Existing large belly lenses exhibit more severe high-temperature deformation compared to other lenses. Therefore, improvements to the convex or non-convex surface grooves and localized contacts of large belly lenses can reduce the amount of high-temperature deformation and prevent severe high-temperature deformation problems in optical lenses.

[0031] In one possible design, the inner diameter of the inner wall of the lens barrel is the same, while the outer diameter of the lens edge is different.

[0032] The above design allows for the removal of a portion of the lens edge after a groove has been cut into one side of the lens, achieving partial contact between the lens edge and the inner wall of the lens barrel. In other words, only the structure of the lens after a groove has been cut into one side needs modification, without altering the structure of the lens barrel itself, thus reducing manufacturing complexity.

[0033] In a further possible design, along the axial direction of the lens, the edge of the lens includes a first segment and a second segment, the outer diameter of the first segment is larger than the outer diameter of the second segment, the first segment contacts the inner wall surface of the lens barrel, and the second segment does not contact the inner wall surface of the lens barrel.

[0034] The above design allows for the creation of lenses with different outer diameter parameters using a minimal number of segments, reducing the complexity of the lens structure.

[0035] In further possible designs, the first or second segment of the lens may be a straight line, a diagonal line, a curve, or an arc in the axial section of the lens.

[0036] Based on the above design, the first and second segments can have a variety of possible shapes, which can be selected according to the needs. For example, in scenarios where the manufacturing process is insufficient, straight lines or diagonal lines can be selected, while in scenarios where aesthetics are required, curves or arcs can be selected.

[0037] In a further possible design, the optical lens also includes a first spacer and a second spacer. The first segment is connected to the first surface of the lens, and the second segment is connected to the second surface of the lens. The lens portion of the first segment connected to the first surface contacts the first spacer, and the lens portion of the second segment connected to the second surface contacts the second spacer.

[0038] Through the above design, the edge of the first segment along the axial direction of the lens can contact the first spacer, and the edge of the second segment along the axial direction of the lens can contact the second spacer. Thus, the edges on both sides of the lens along the axial direction can be limited by the first spacer and the second spacer respectively, thereby achieving axial fixation of the lens in the lens barrel.

[0039] In a further possible design, the first and second surfaces of the lens are at different heights in the radial direction, with the first spacer pressing against the edge of the first surface and the second spacer pressing against the edge of the second surface.

[0040] With the above design, the first and second spacers can be placed directly on both sides of the lens edge along the axis, making the placement of the spacers relatively simple.

[0041] In one possible design, the outer diameter of the lens edges is the same, while the inner diameter of the lens barrel is different.

[0042] The above design allows for slotting the inner wall of the existing lens barrel to achieve partial contact between the inner wall of the lens barrel and the edge of the lens. In other words, only the structure of the lens barrel needs modification, without requiring modification to the structure of the lens after slotting one side of the mirror, thus reducing manufacturing complexity.

[0043] In a further possible design, along the lens axis, the inner wall of the lens barrel includes a third segment and a fourth segment, the inner diameter of the third segment being smaller than the inner diameter of the fourth segment, the third segment contacting the edge of the lens, and the fourth segment not contacting the edge of the lens.

[0044] The above design allows for the creation of microscope tubes with different inner diameter parameters using a minimal number of segments, reducing the complexity of the microscope tube structure.

[0045] In a further possible design, the optical lens also includes a first spacer and a second spacer, with the first and second surfaces having the same height in the radial direction of the lens, the first spacer pressing against the edge of the first surface, and the second spacer pressing against the edge of the second surface.

[0046] With the above design, the first and second spacers can be placed directly on both sides of the lens edge along the axial direction. While maintaining a simple spacer placement method, the spacers on both sides along the axial direction are at the same height in the radial direction, thus maintaining the optical performance of the optical lens under normal temperature conditions.

[0047] In one possible design, the lens is a plastic lens, a glass lens, or a glass-plastic composite lens.

[0048] The above design allows for the application of optical structures to plastic lenses with significant high-temperature deformation, as well as to glass lenses or glass-plastic composite lenses with relatively small high-temperature deformation, thereby improving the versatility of the optical structures.

[0049] In a second aspect, this application provides a transmitting module, including the optical lens shown in the first aspect or any of the designs in the first aspect.

[0050] In one possible design, the emitting module may also include a light source assembly for emitting a light beam and an optical lens for transmitting the light beam.

[0051] Through the above design, the light source component generates heat during use, causing the optical lens to operate at high temperatures. However, the above optical structure can reduce the deformation of the optical lens under high-temperature conditions, thereby allowing the emission module to maintain good beam emission performance during use.

[0052] Thirdly, this application provides a detection device, including the transmitting module shown in the second aspect or any of the designs in the second aspect above.

[0053] In one possible design, the detection device may also include a receiving module for receiving the light beam reflected back by the target.

[0054] In a further possible design, the detection device may also include a scanning module for scanning the beam from the transmitting module into the detection space. Alternatively, the beam reflected back from a target in the detection space may also be scanned into a receiving module.

[0055] In a further possible design, the detection device may also include a processing module for generating point cloud data based on the beam of light reflected back from the target. Optionally, relevant target information, such as velocity or attitude, may also be determined based on the point cloud data.

[0056] Fourthly, this application provides a terminal device including the detection device as described in the third aspect or any of the designs in the third aspect above.

[0057] The technical effects that can be achieved in the second to fourth aspects mentioned above can be referred to the description of the beneficial effects in the first aspect mentioned above, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0058] Figure 1a illustrates an exemplary schematic diagram of the compression deformation of the lens by the lens barrel under high-temperature conditions;

[0059] Figure 1b illustrates a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical lens provided in the industry;

[0060] Figure 1c illustrates a schematic diagram of another optical lens provided in the industry;

[0061] Figure 2a illustrates an exemplary schematic diagram of beam transmission of a convex lens provided in this application;

[0062] Figure 2b illustrates an exemplary schematic diagram of beam transmission using a concave lens provided in this application;

[0063] Figure 2c is an exemplary schematic diagram of the light-transmitting surface and edge of a lens provided in this application;

[0064] Figure 2d illustrates an axial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a lens provided in this application;

[0065] Figure 3a illustrates a possible application scenario for which this application applies;

[0066] Figure 3b illustrates another possible application scenario to which this application applies;

[0067] Figure 3c illustrates another possible application scenario to which this application applies;

[0068] Figure 3d illustrates another possible application scenario to which this application applies;

[0069] Figure 3e illustrates another possible application scenario to which this application applies;

[0070] Figure 4a illustrates an exemplary schematic diagram of the external structure of an optical lens provided in this application;

[0071] Figure 4b illustrates an axial cross-sectional schematic diagram of an optical lens provided in this application;

[0072] Figure 4c exemplarily illustrates a schematic axial cross-sectional view of a lens region of an optical lens provided in this application;

[0073] Figure 5 is an exemplary schematic diagram showing the stress and deformation trend of an optical lens provided in this application;

[0074] Figure 6a illustrates a schematic diagram of another optical lens provided in this application;

[0075] Figure 6b illustrates a schematic diagram of another optical lens provided in this application;

[0076] Figure 7 illustrates several possible structural diagrams of a large belly lens provided in this application;

[0077] Figure 8 illustrates, by way of example, the center of gravity position of a large belly lens provided in this application;

[0078] Figure 9 illustrates several possible layout diagrams of a first slot provided in this application;

[0079] Figure 10 illustrates several possible axial cross-sectional schematic diagrams of a first groove provided in this application;

[0080] Figure 11 illustrates a parameter diagram of a large belly lens provided in this application;

[0081] Figure 12 illustrates an exemplary schematic diagram of a spacer assembly and an assembly structure of the spacer assembly and a lens provided in this application;

[0082] Figure 13 illustrates schematic diagrams of several possible optical lenses corresponding to partial contact mode 1.

[0083] Figure 14 illustrates the structural schematic diagrams of several large-belly lenses corresponding to partial contact mode one;

[0084] Figure 15a illustrates the force trend of a lens corresponding to partial contact mode one;

[0085] Figure 15b illustrates a schematic diagram of another optical lens structure corresponding to partial contact method one;

[0086] Figure 16 illustrates schematic diagrams of several possible optical lenses corresponding to partial contact method two.

[0087] Figure 17a illustrates a partial structural schematic diagram of an axial cross-section of an optical lens provided in Embodiment 1;

[0088] Figure 17b illustrates a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional assembly structure provided in Implementation Scheme 1;

[0089] Figure 17c is an exemplary schematic diagram of the axial section corresponding to a three-dimensional assembly structure provided in Scheme 1;

[0090] Figure 18a illustrates a partial structural schematic diagram of an axial cross-section of an optical lens provided in Embodiment 2;

[0091] Figure 18b illustrates a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional assembly structure provided in Scheme 2;

[0092] Figure 18c is an exemplary schematic diagram of the axial section corresponding to a three-dimensional assembly structure provided in Scheme 2;

[0093] Figure 19a illustrates a partial structural schematic diagram of an axial cross-section of an optical lens provided in Embodiment 3;

[0094] Figure 19b illustrates a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional assembly structure provided in Embodiment 3;

[0095] Figure 19c illustrates a schematic diagram of the axial section corresponding to a three-dimensional assembly structure provided in Scheme 3;

[0096] Figure 20a exemplarily illustrates a partial structural schematic diagram of an axial cross-section of an optical lens provided in Embodiment 4;

[0097] Figure 20b illustrates a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional assembly structure provided in Embodiment 4;

[0098] Figure 20c illustrates a schematic diagram of the axial section corresponding to a three-dimensional assembly structure provided in Scheme 4;

[0099] Figure 21 illustrates a schematic diagram of the structure of a transmitting module provided in this application;

[0100] Figure 22 illustrates a schematic diagram of the structure of a detection device provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0101] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0102] The following provides explanations for some of the terms used in this application. It should be noted that these explanations are for the convenience of those skilled in the art and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0103] I. Lenses

[0104] A lens, also known as a focusing lens, is a transparent optical device that focuses or defocuses a beam of light. The beam enters from one side of the lens and exits from the other. A convex lens can transform a collimated beam into a converging beam, or a diverging beam into a collimated beam. For example, as shown in Figure 2a, a collimated beam enters from the left side of a convex lens and exits from the right side, becoming a converging beam; in this case, the convex lens acts as a focusing lens. Alternatively, a diverging beam enters from the right side of a convex lens and exits from the left side, becoming a collimated beam; in this case, the convex lens acts as a collimating lens. A concave lens can transform a collimated or converging beam into a diverging beam. For example, as shown in Figure 2b, a collimated beam enters from the left side of the concave lens and exits from the right side, transforming into a diverging beam. In this case, the concave lens acts as a defocusing lens. Alternatively, a converging beam enters from the right side of the concave lens and exits from the left side, transforming into a collimated beam. In this case, the concave lens acts as a collimating lens.

[0105] II. Center of gravity of the lens

[0106] On a lens, the gravitational forces acting on all parts are concentrated at a single point, which is the lens's center of gravity. The location of the lens's center of gravity depends on the lens's shape and mass distribution; it can be located inside or outside the lens. For lenses with uniform mass distribution, the location of the center of gravity depends only on the lens's shape; for example, the center of gravity of a uniformly shaped lens with regular geometry is located at its geometric center.

[0107] III. Lens Surface and Edge

[0108] The surfaces of a lens are also called the light-transmitting surfaces, mainly including the light-incident surface and the light-exit surface. The light-incident surface is the surface of the lens used to receive incident light rays, and the light-exit surface is the surface of the lens used to emit outgoing light rays. For example, referring to Figure 2c, if the direction of light propagation is from top to bottom, then the upper surface (M1) of the lens is the light-incident surface, and the lower surface (M2) of the lens is the light-exit surface.

[0109] The edge of a lens refers to the area on the lens that connects the light-incident surface and the light-outcident surface. For example, referring to Figure 2c above, the annular area that connects the upper surface M1 and the lower surface M2 of the lens is the edge of the lens.

[0110] IV. Radial, Axial, and Axial Sections of the Lens

[0111] The radial direction of a lens refers to the direction in which the lens surface extends, such as the direction in which the light-incident or light-outcrying surface of the lens extends, as shown in the Y direction in Figure 2c.

[0112] The axis of a lens refers to the direction of the optical axis of the incident or emitted light beam, as shown by the X direction in Figure 2c.

[0113] The axial section of a lens refers to the surface obtained by cutting the lens with a plane passing through its optical axis. For example, please refer to Figure 2d, which shows the axial section of the lens shown in Figure 2c. The dark dots in the figure indicate the center of gravity of the lens.

[0114] The preceding text introduced some of the terms used in this application. The following text introduces the possible application scenarios of this application.

[0115] In one possible application scenario, the optical lens provided in this application can be integrated into a detection device, which may include, but is not limited to, LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging). The detection device can be installed on various vehicles, such as vehicles, ships, airplanes, drones, trains, subways, automated guided vehicles (AGVs), or unmanned vehicles, as an information source for path planning to assist drivers in achieving or automatically achieving safe driving. Alternatively, the detection device can be installed on a roadside unit (RSU) as a roadside traffic detection device to achieve intelligent vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication. Alternatively, the detection device can also be applied to terminal devices or components installed in terminal devices, such as smartphones, smart home devices, smart manufacturing equipment, medical devices, industrial equipment, and robots.

[0116] For example, taking the installation of the detection device on a vehicle as an example, please refer to Figure 3a, which shows a possible application scenario of this application. In this application scenario, the detection device is installed on the front bumper of the vehicle. However, it is understood that the detection device can also be installed in other locations on the vehicle, such as around the headlights, around the rearview mirrors, near the doors, on the rear bumper, behind the windshield, or on the roof, to capture information about the vehicle's surrounding environment. When the detection device is installed behind the windshield, the requirement for no stone collision is lower, it will not affect the appearance of the vehicle, and the windshield itself has window heating and defogging functions as well as wiper cleaning functions.

[0117] In another possible application scenario, the optical lens provided in this application can be integrated into a projector, as shown in Figure 3b. The projector can project light onto a wall or projection screen, causing the wall or projection screen to display an image corresponding to that light. Based on the throw ratio, projectors can be classified into long-throw projectors, short-throw projectors, and ultra-short-throw projectors. Long-throw projectors are suitable for use in bedrooms and living rooms, typically placed next to a bedside table or sofa. Short-throw projectors are mainly suitable for educational or business projection, such as cinema projection and office projection. Ultra-short-throw projectors can be set up at a short distance; for example, projectors for laser televisions (laser TVs) can basically be placed on a TV stand.

[0118] In some special scenarios, projectors can also be installed on vehicles. For example, those installed in cars are called in-vehicle projectors, those installed on airplanes are called airborne projectors, and those installed on ships are called shipborne projectors. Taking installation in a vehicle as an example, as shown in Figure 3c, an in-vehicle projector can be installed in any location in the vehicle cabin, such as above the headrest, behind the seat, in the armrest, or in front of the rear window. In some scenarios, in-vehicle projectors can also have a directional function, allowing projection onto the cabin screen, panoramic sunroof, side windows, or front and rear windshields by rotating to different directions.

[0119] In another possible application scenario, the optical lens provided in this application can be integrated into a head-up display (HUD), as shown in Figure 3d. Figure 3d illustrates an HUD installed in a vehicle. The HUD projects the formed image (called a HUD virtual image) into the driver's (also known as the eye box) field of vision and fuses it with real road information, enhancing the driver's perception of the actual driving environment. For example, the HUD can overlay the HUD virtual image carrying navigation information and / or instrument information (such as driving speed, mileage, RPM, temperature, fuel level, headlight status, etc.) onto the real environment outside the vehicle, allowing the driver to obtain augmented reality visual effects. Specifically, it can be applied to scenarios such as augmented reality (AR) navigation, adaptive cruise control, and lane departure warning. HUDs include, but are not limited to, windshield (W) HUDs and augmented reality head-up displays (AR-HUDs).

[0120] In another possible application scenario, the optical lens provided in this application can be integrated into a near-eye display (NED) device. The NED device can be, for example, an augmented reality (AR) device, a virtual reality (VR) device, or a mixed reality (MR) device. AR devices can include, but are not limited to, AR glasses or AR headsets; VR devices can include, but are not limited to, VR glasses or VR headsets; and MR devices can include, but are not limited to, MR glasses or MR headsets. Taking AR glasses as an example, please refer to Figure 3e. Users can wear AR glasses to play games, watch videos, participate in virtual meetings, or engage in video shopping, etc.

[0121] It should be understood that the possible application scenarios given above are merely examples, and the optical lens provided in this application can also be applied to other possible scenarios, not limited to those listed above. For example, it can also be applied to digital cameras. Or, for example, it can be applied to telescopes. Or, for example, it can be applied to surgical microscopes, etc.

[0122] To meet the demand for cost reduction in optical products, the use of cheaper plastics in optical lenses has led to a shift in lens design from all-glass lenses to a combination of glass and plastic lenses, or even all-plastic lenses. In glass-plastic lens combinations, some lenses are made of plastic, while others are made of glass. In all-plastic lens designs, all lenses are made of plastic.

[0123] As described in the background section, plastic lenses undergo significant deformation under high-temperature conditions. This is especially true for plastic lenses with a bulging, belly-like shape, where the convex light-transmitting surface experiences very noticeable changes in shape. These changes primarily involve two aspects: free expansion caused by high temperatures and bulging caused by the compression of the lens barrel. To mitigate these changes, the industry has offered several solutions. However, these solutions either restrict the use of the plastic lens to avoid high-temperature conditions, hindering the full utilization of its performance, or allow for high-temperature deformation, which in turn causes the lens's center to deviate from the optical axis at room temperature, affecting its optical performance. Therefore, current industry solutions cannot alleviate the high-temperature deformation problem of plastic lenses without affecting their usability and optical performance.

[0124] In view of this, this application provides an optical lens that, by setting the edge of the lens to partially contact the inner wall of the lens barrel, and by creating a groove on the lens surface near the edge on the side of the partial contact, can absorb the compression deformation of the lens caused by the lens barrel under high-temperature conditions through the space within the groove, thereby reducing the deformation of the light-transmitting surface of the lens caused by the compression of the lens barrel. This optical lens achieves the effect of reducing high-temperature deformation of the lens by setting the partial contact between the lens and the lens barrel and the groove-like structure on the side of the partial contact lens, without limiting the scope of use of the lens or reserving space for lens deformation. Therefore, when the lens is a plastic lens, high-temperature deformation of the plastic lens can be reduced without affecting its scope of use and optical performance.

[0125] Based on the above, the optical lens proposed in this application will be described in detail below with reference to Figures 4a to 20c.

[0126] In the various embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified or in case of logical conflict, the terminology and / or descriptions of different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features of different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationship.

[0127] Figures 4a, 4b, and 4c show schematic diagrams of an optical lens provided in this application. Figure 4a shows the external structure of the optical lens 400. Figure 4b shows the cross-sectional structure obtained by cutting the optical lens 400 with a plane passing through its optical axis (L), also known as the axial cross-section of the optical lens 400. Figure 4c shows the structure of a lens region within the structure shown in Figure 4b.

[0128] First, referring to Figures 4a and 4b, the optical lens 400 appears barrel-shaped, containing multiple lenses arranged sequentially along its optical axis L. In other words, the centers of these lenses can lie on a straight line, referred to as the optical axis L of the optical lens 400. In this application, the direction of the optical axis L of the optical lens 400 is referred to as the axial direction of the optical lens 400 or the lens axis, i.e., the X direction shown in Figure 4b. The extending direction of the lens surface of the optical lens 400 is referred to as the radial direction of the optical lens 400 or the lens axis, i.e., the Y direction shown in Figure 4b.

[0129] Secondly, referring to Figure 4b, for each lens element in the optical lens 400, its edge can partially or completely contact the inner wall surface of the lens barrel. Therefore, the lens barrel can provide radial pressure to the lens element, which can limit radial movement of the lens element and achieve radial fixation of the lens element. In addition, spacers can also be provided on both sides of the axial direction of each lens element. The spacers can provide axial pressure to the lens element, which can limit axial movement of the lens element and achieve axial fixation of the lens element. Of course, one or both sides of the axial direction of the lens element can also be without spacers, and instead, a piece protruding on the inner wall surface of the lens barrel can be used to block one or both sides of the axial direction of the lens element, which can also achieve axial fixation of the lens element. For ease of description, this application also refers to the piece protruding on the inner wall surface of the lens barrel as a spacer, which is integrally formed with the lens barrel.

[0130] It is understood that in the optical lens 400 shown in Figure 4b, at least one lens is configured according to the structure provided in this application, while other lenses may be configured in accordance with existing configurations or other configurations, and this application does not make any specific limitations on this.

[0131] For example, assuming the fourth lens from left to right in Figure 4b is configured as provided in this application, then, referring to Figure 4c, this application provides an optical lens 400, which includes a lens barrel 410 and a lens 420 (corresponding to the fourth lens from left to right in Figure 4b). The lens 420 is fixed inside the lens barrel 410. The first surface (S1) of the lens 420 has a first groove, and the distance (d1) between the first groove and the edge of the lens 420 is less than a threshold distance. The edge of the lens 420 partially contacts the inner wall surface (S0) of the lens barrel. The location of the partial contact is located outside the first groove in the radial direction Y of the lens 420 (the upper and lower sides in the figure), and in the axial direction X of the lens, it is located in a first direction at the center of gravity (G) of the lens 420. The first direction is the direction of the first surface S1 of the lens 420 relative to the center of gravity G of the lens, that is, the left side in the figure.

[0132] In the optical lens 400 described above, the distance d1 between the first groove and the edge of the lens 420 is less than the threshold distance, which can be understood as the first groove being close to the edge of the lens 420. In other words, the first groove can be formed on the first surface S1 of the lens 420 near the edge of the lens 420. Based on this, please refer to Figure 5, which shows a schematic diagram of the stress and deformation trend of a lens provided in this application. In Figure 5, (A) shows the compressive force of the lens 420 under the lens barrel 410, (B) shows the deformation of the lens 420 under the compressive force of the lens barrel 410, and (C) shows the axial cross-sectional view of the deformed lens 420 in the lens barrel 410. Combining Figures 5 (A) to 5 (C), when the lens 420 is under high temperature conditions, the lens 420 undergoes free expansion, resulting in the lens 420 being subjected to a compressive force (F) from the lens barrel 410 in the radial Y direction. Since the local contact point is on the outside of the first groove, the compressive force F also acts on the outside of the first groove, compressing the lens portion (referred to as the groove segment) on the outside of the first groove. However, due to the presence of the first groove, the deformation caused by the compression of the groove segment diffuses into the first groove. Therefore, the deformation caused by the compressive force F on the groove segment is basically absorbed by the first groove near the edge of the lens 420, and hardly transmitted to the central region of the lens 420. From an energy perspective, the work done by the compressive force F on the lens 420 is converted into the elastic potential energy of the lens 420. Since the deformation of the groove segment is relatively large, the groove segment can store most of the elastic potential energy. Consequently, the central region of the lens 420 stores very little elastic potential energy, or almost none. In this way, the deformation of the light-transmitting surface of the lens 420 caused by the compressive force F of the lens barrel can be reduced or even eliminated. It can be considered that the deformation of the light-transmitting surface of the lens 420 under high-temperature conditions is approximately equal to the free expansion deformation caused by high-temperature conditions.

[0133] In the optical lens 400 described above, the lens element 420 is fixed inside the lens barrel 410, and there are various possible implementation methods, for example:

[0134] In one possible implementation, referring to Figure 6a, the optical lens 400 may further include a spacer assembly 430, which secures the lens 420 within the lens barrel 410. Optionally, the spacer assembly 430 may include a first spacer 431 and a second spacer 432. One surface of the first spacer 431 (the outer diameter surface, i.e., the surface with the largest diameter in the radial Y direction, such as the upper and lower surfaces in Figure 6a) contacts the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410, and the other surface of the first spacer 431 (the surface opposite to the second spacer 432, such as the right side surface in Figure 6a) contacts the first surface S1 of the lens 420. One surface (the outer diameter surface) of the second spacer 432 contacts the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410, and the other surface of the second spacer 432 (the surface opposite to the first spacer 431, such as the left side surface in Figure 6a) contacts the second surface S2 of the lens 420. Based on this structure, the first spacer 431 is limited in the radial Y direction of the lens 420 by the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410, and in the axial X direction of the lens 420 by limiting the first surface S1 of the lens 420. The second spacer 432 is limited in the radial Y direction of the lens 420 by the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410, and in the axial X direction of the lens 420 by limiting the second surface S2 of the lens 420. Therefore, the first spacer 431 combined with the second spacer 432 can achieve axial limitation of the lens 420.

[0135] In another possible implementation, referring to Figure 6b, the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410 fixes the lens 420 inside the lens barrel 410. For example, as shown in Figure 6b, in the axial section of the lens 420, the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410 can be a stepped structure; in other words, the inner diameter of the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410 is different, and the inner diameter (D) of the inner wall surface S0 that contacts the edge of the lens 420 is different. 11 The inner diameter (D) of the inner wall surface S0 located on both sides of the lens axis 420 is greater than that of the inner wall surface S0 located on both sides of the lens axis. 12 In other words, the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410 protrudes inward on both sides of the axial direction of the lens 420. These two protruding structures can fix the lens 420 in its current position to prevent the lens 420 from moving axially.

[0136] It is understandable that the above content only presents two possible methods for fixing the lens 420 within the lens barrel 410. In the actual optical lens 400, other fixing methods may also exist. For example, in another possible implementation, the lens 420 may be fixed on one axial side by a spacer, and on the other axial side by a protruding structure on the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410. Yet another possible implementation is to fix the lens 420 within the lens barrel 410 by attaching the edge of the lens 420 to the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410. Yet another possible implementation is to tighten the edge of the lens 420 onto the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410 using screws. And so on, not all will be listed here.

[0137] For example, taking the implementation shown in Figure 6a above as an example, the various functional components and structures involved in the above content will be further introduced and explained to provide an exemplary specific implementation scheme.

[0138] I. Lens tube

[0139] Optionally, the lens barrel 410 can be made of a material with a certain strength and hardness, such as metal. Common metal lens barrels include aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy. Aluminum alloy lens barrels have good heat dissipation performance, while magnesium alloy lens barrels are lighter, and the choice can be made according to different application scenarios.

[0140] Furthermore, optionally, the lens barrel 410 can be a component with uniform mass. In this way, the local contact point between the lens barrel 410 and the lens 420 can be considered to be at the center of the area where the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410 contacts the edge of the lens 420. Thus, the position of the compressive force F exerted by the lens barrel 410 on the lens 420 can be controlled.

[0141] II. Lenses

[0142] Optionally, the lens 420 can be a plastic lens, a glass lens, or a glass-plastic composite lens. Among these, plastic lenses exhibit the greatest high-temperature deformation, followed by glass-plastic composite lenses, with glass lenses exhibiting the least. In some scenarios, only one surface of the plastic or glass-plastic composite lens with the highest high-temperature deformation can be grooved and have a partial contact structure with the lens barrel 410 set, while the existing setup can still be used for the glass lens. For example, neither surface of the glass lens can be grooved, and the glass lens can be in complete contact with the lens barrel 410. This reduces the number of lenses requiring adjustment and simplifies assembly.

[0143] Alternatively, lens 420 can be a lens of any shape, such as a plane mirror, a concave mirror, or a convex mirror.

[0144] In a particular design, lens 420 can be a "bulging" lens. In this application, a "bulging" lens refers to a lens that appears to have a large belly. In other words, a "bulging" lens has at least one convex light-transmitting surface, and the curvature of at least one convex light-transmitting surface is greater than a predetermined curvature. For example, please refer to Figure 7, which shows schematic diagrams of three possible "bulging" lenses. Figure 7 (A1) and (A2) show a "bulging" lens where one side of the mirror is flat and the other side is convex, also known as a plano-convex lens. Specifically, Figure 7 (A1) shows the lens structure when the first groove is on the convex surface, and Figure 7 (A2) shows the lens structure when the first groove is on the flat surface. Figure 7 (B1) and (B2) show a "bulging" lens where one side of the mirror is concave and the other side is convex, also known as a concave-convex lens. Specifically, Figure 7 (B1) shows the lens structure when the first groove is on the convex surface, and Figure 7 (B2) shows the lens structure when the first groove is on the concave surface. Figures 7 (C1) and (C2) show a double-convex lens, also known as a biconvex lens, where both mirror surfaces are convex and the curvature of one mirror surface is greater than that of the other. Specifically, Figure 7 (C1) shows the lens structure when the first groove is located on the larger convex surface, and Figure 7 (C2) shows the lens structure when the first groove is located on the smaller concave surface. It is understandable that other double-convex lenses may exist, such as those where both mirror surfaces are convex and have the same curvature, etc., which will not be listed here.

[0145] Optionally, lens 420 can be a lens with uniform mass. In this case, the center of gravity G of lens 420 is only related to the structure of lens 420. For example, the center of gravity G of a plane mirror with uniform mass distribution is usually at its center. However, the center of gravity G of a large-bodied lens is usually outside its supporting rectangle, as shown in Figure 8, where the supporting rectangle is the rectangle indicated by the dotted line in the figure.

[0146] Furthermore, optionally, one of the first surface S1 and the second surface S2 of the lens 420 is the light-emitting surface, and the other is the light-receiving surface. For example, the first surface S1 of the lens 420 is the light-emitting surface, and the second surface S2 of the lens 420 is the light-receiving surface; or, the first surface S1 of the lens 420 is the light-receiving surface, and the second surface S2 of the lens 420 is the light-emitting surface. That is to say, if the lens 420 is a convex lens, the convex surface of the convex lens can be either the first surface S1 or the second surface S2, without any specific limitation.

[0147] For example, taking lens 420 as the "big belly lens" shown in Figure 7 as an example, combining Figure 6a and Figure 7:

[0148] If the first surface S1 of the lens 420 is a convex surface, then the second surface S2 can be a plane as shown in Figure 7 (A1), a concave surface as shown in Figure 7 (B1), or a small convex surface as shown in Figure 7 (C1). That is, in the axial section of the lens 420, the first surface S1 can include multiple segments, with the segments on both sides of the first groove being flat and the middle segment being outwardly curved. The second surface S2 can be flat (corresponding to Figure 7 (A1)), or it can include multiple segments, with the segments at the edges being flat and the middle segments being either inwardly curved (corresponding to Figure 7 (B1)) or outwardly curved (corresponding to Figure 7 (C1)).

[0149] Conversely, if the second surface S2 of the lens 420 is convex, then the first surface S1 can be a plane as shown in Figure 7 (A2), a concave surface as shown in Figure 7 (B2), or a small convex surface as shown in Figure 7 (C2). That is, along the axial direction X of the lens 420, the second surface S2 can include multiple segments, with the segments at the edges being flat and the segments in the middle being curved outwards. The first surface S1 can include multiple segments, all of which are flat (corresponding to Figure 7 (A2)), or the segments on both sides of the first groove are flat, and the middle segment is curved inwards (corresponding to Figure 7 (B2)) or curved outwards (corresponding to Figure 7 (C2)).

[0150] Optionally, the first surface S1 of the lens 420 may have one or more first grooves, which are arranged circumferentially around the lens 420. For example, taking the concave-convex lens shown in Figure 7 (B2) as an example, please refer to Figure 9, which shows several possible structural schematic diagrams of the first groove provided in this application. Among them, Figure 9 (A) shows a structure with only one first groove on the first surface S1, which covers the entire circumference of the first surface S1. Figures 9 (B), (C), (D), and (E) show structures with two, three, four, and five first grooves on the first surface S1, respectively. Optionally, when there are multiple first grooves on the first surface, the multiple first grooves can be arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the lens 420, so as to avoid the imbalance caused by the compression of the lens barrel through symmetrical arrangement and maintain the optical performance of the lens 420.

[0151] Further, optionally, the ratio between the sum of the lengths of one or more first grooves and the circumference of the circle in which they are located is greater than or equal to 70%. In other words, the groove ratio on the first surface S1 of the lens 420 can be maintained at 70% or higher. It is understood that the higher the groove ratio, the better the deformation control capability of the lens 420 under high-temperature conditions. Therefore, for scenarios with high requirements for deformation control capability, the groove scheme shown in Figure 9(A) above can be adopted, that is, a circular first groove can be cut on the first surface S1 near the edge, and the length of the first groove accounts for 100% of the length of the circumference of the circle. In this way, by controlling the groove ratio to 100%, the extrusion deformation generated by the lens barrel 410 can be stored on the entire circumference where the lens barrel 410 contacts the edge of the lens 420, achieving the best high-temperature deformation suppression effect. Conversely, if a scenario requires high contact strength between the lens 420 and the lens barrel 410, the grooving scheme shown in Figures 9 (B) to (E) can be adopted. That is, multiple arc-shaped first grooves can be grooved near the edge of the first surface S1, with a certain distance between the multiple first grooves, and the sum of the lengths of the multiple first grooves accounting for less than 100% of the length of the circumference. In this way, since there are no grooves on the upper part of the circumference of the lens 420, the strength of the lens 420 is relatively high, and the fixation stability of the lens 420 in the lens barrel 410 is good.

[0152] It is understandable that Figures 7 to 9 above are only used as an example where the axial cross-section of the first groove is rectangular. However, in the actual lens 420, the axial cross-section of the first groove can also be any shape. For example, as shown in Figure 10, it can be a square, rectangle, trapezoid, trapezoidal, triangle or triangular, or it can be a shape not shown in Figure 10, such as annular, elliptical, elliptical, irregular, etc., without any specific limitation.

[0153] Optionally, continuing with the example of the large-bellied lens shown in Figure 7 (B2), please refer to Figure 11, which shows a parameter diagram of a large-bellied lens provided in this application. As shown in Figure 11, the portion of the lens between the first groove and the edge of the lens 420 is referred to as the groove segment. In the radial direction Y of the lens 420, it is assumed that the thickness of the groove segment is d1, and the width of the first groove is d2. In the axial direction X of the lens 420, it is assumed that the depth of the first groove is d3, and the thickness of the edge of the lens 420 is R.

[0154] In one example, referring to Figure 11, the smaller the thickness d1 of the groove segment, the thinner the groove segment is in the radial Y direction of the lens 420, and the weaker the pressure-bearing capacity at the groove segment. In other words, the edge stiffness of the lens 420 is worse, and the fixation of the lens 420 within the lens barrel 410 is less stable. Therefore, to solve this problem, the thickness d1 of the groove segment can be set to a value greater than 0.5 mm. In this way, even if the lens barrel 410 compresses the groove segment, the groove segment is not prone to breakage, thereby maintaining the fixation stability of the lens 420 within the lens barrel 410.

[0155] In a further example, considering that the thinner the groove segment is in the radial Y direction of the lens 420, the more the deformation caused by the extrusion force F can be absorbed by the first groove, the distance d1 between the first groove and the lens 420 can be set to a value slightly greater than 0.5 mm, such as 0.51 mm. This can achieve the maximum deformation absorption performance of the first groove while maintaining the fixed stability of the lens 420.

[0156] In one example, referring to Figure 11, the smaller the width d2 of the first groove, the weaker the ability of the first groove to tolerate groove segment deformation. In other words, the first groove has a worse effect on suppressing high-temperature deformation of the lens 420. Therefore, to solve this problem, the width d2 of the first groove can be set to a value greater than 0.5 mm. In this way, the first groove can be used to absorb most of the deformation caused by the compression of the groove segment by the lens barrel 410, so as to effectively reduce the compression deformation of the lens 420 caused by the lens barrel 410.

[0157] In a further example, considering that the smaller the width d2 of the first groove is, the greater the bearing pressure of the first surface S1 of the lens 420, the width d2 of the first groove can be set to a value slightly greater than 0.5mm, such as 0.51mm. This way, the high rigidity of the lens 420 can be maintained while maintaining the good deformation absorption capacity of the first groove.

[0158] In one example, referring to Figure 11, the smaller the depth d3 of the first groove, the more difficult it is to fabricate the first groove; however, the larger the depth d3 of the first groove, the more brittle the lens 420 becomes. Therefore, to balance the ease of fabrication with the low brittleness of the lens 420, the depth d3 of the first groove can be set to K times the thickness R of the edge of the lens 420, where K is greater than or equal to... and less than or equal to The real number. For example, the edge thickness R of the current 420 lens is about 2mm to 3mm, so the depth d3 of the first groove can be set to about 1mm to 2mm.

[0159] It should be noted that the above content only provides one possible value for each parameter on lens 420, and the values ​​shown are only for the scenario where the optical lens is used in a laser emission module. When the optical lens is used in other scenarios, the values ​​of the above parameters can be determined according to the actual application scenario, and are not limited to the values ​​shown above.

[0160] Furthermore, the terms "depth value" and "thickness value" mentioned above are not absolute values ​​and are allowed to have a certain degree of engineering error. For example, due to manufacturing process issues, the thickness d1 of the groove segment or the width d2 of the first groove may fluctuate within a certain error range greater than 0.5 mm; for instance, it may be exactly equal to 0.5 mm or slightly less than 0.5 mm. The depth d3 of the first groove may also fluctuate within a certain error range of 1 mm to 2 mm; for instance, it may be slightly less than 1 mm or slightly greater than 2 mm. This application does not impose specific limitations on this.

[0161] III. Spacer Assembly

[0162] Optionally, the first spacer 431 and the second spacer 432 can be components of uniform mass. With this arrangement, the contact position between the first spacer 431 and the first surface S1 can be maintained at the center of the area where the first spacer 431 contacts the first surface S1, for example, at the midpoint of the right side of the first spacer 431 as shown in FIG. 6a. Similarly, the contact position between the second spacer 432 and the second surface S2 can be maintained at the center of the area where the second spacer 432 contacts the second surface S2, for example, at the midpoint of the left side of the second spacer 432 as shown in FIG. 6a.

[0163] Furthermore, optionally, the first spacer 431 or the second spacer 432 can be of any shape in the axial cross-section of the lens 420, including but not limited to: square, rectangle, U-shape, trapezoid, trapezoidal, triangle, triangular, stepped, L-shape, sector, polygon, ring, ellipse, elliptical, or irregular shape. For example, taking the first spacer 431 and the second spacer 432 with a rectangular cross-section as shown in Figure 6a as an example, Figure 12 shows this type of first spacer 431 and second spacer 432, as well as the assembly structure of the first spacer 431 and second spacer 432 with the lens 420. As shown in Figure 12, in this example, the first spacer 431 and the second spacer 432 can be the same columnar ring structure, with the first spacer 431 pressing against the edge of the first surface S1 and the second spacer 432 pressing against the edge of the second surface S2. Setting the two spacers as the same columnar ring structure can reduce the difficulty of structural design and assembly, and can reduce the overall cost.

[0164] Further, optionally, referring to Figure 6a, in the radial Y direction of the lens 420, the contact position between the first spacer 431 and the first surface S1 and the second spacer 432 and the second surface S2 can be the same. That is, the first spacer 431 and the second spacer 432 can be at the same height. Or, there is no height difference between the first spacer 431 and the second spacer 432. In this configuration, the pressure exerted by the first spacer 431 on the lens 420 is applied at the same position as the pressure exerted by the second spacer 432 on the lens 420. Since both the pressure exerted by the first spacer 431 on the lens 420 and the pressure exerted by the second spacer 432 on the lens 420 are spacer preload forces, the magnitudes of the pressure exerted by the first spacer 431 on the lens 420 and the pressure exerted by the second spacer 432 on the lens 420 are the same and the directions are opposite. When the positions of application are the same, the torque exerted by the first spacer 431 on the lens 420 and the torque exerted by the second spacer 432 on the lens are the same in magnitude and the directions are opposite. Therefore, the deformation tendencies of the first spacer 431 and the second spacer 432 on the lens 420 cancel each other out, and the combined effect of the spacers on both sides of the axial direction does not produce any additional deformation tendency on the lens 420. Based on this, on the one hand, under high-temperature conditions, the lens 420 only exhibits a deformation tendency caused by the compressive force of the lens barrel 410, and this deformation tendency is absorbed by the first groove on the lens 420. Therefore, the high-temperature deformation of the lens 420 can be minimized. On the other hand, under normal-temperature conditions, the lens 420 only exhibits a deformation tendency caused by the spacers on both sides of the axial direction. Since the spacers on both sides of the axial direction are set at the same height, their deformation tendency is 0. Therefore, the lens 420 does not exhibit a deformation tendency under normal-temperature conditions. In other words, the lens 420 will not deform under normal-temperature conditions and can maintain good optical performance under normal-temperature conditions.

[0165] In the optical lens 400 described above, the edge of the lens element 420 partially contacts the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410, and there are many ways to achieve this. For example, continuing with the structure shown in Figure 6a above, two examples will be used to illustrate this separately below.

[0166] Local contact method 1

[0167] In the first type of partial contact, as shown in Figure 13, the inner diameter of the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410 is the same, while the outer diameter of the edge of the lens 420 is different. That is, along the axial direction X of the lens 420, the edge of the lens 420 includes at least two segments with different outer diameters. The segment with the largest outer diameter contacts the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410, while the segment with the smaller outer diameter does not contact the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410.

[0168] For example, as shown in Figure 13, the edge of the lens 420 may include a first segment and a second segment. The outer diameter (W1) of the first segment is larger than the outer diameter (W2) of the second segment. The first segment contacts the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410, while the second segment does not contact the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410. That is, the lens barrel 410 can still use the existing lens barrel, while the lens 420 can be made by cutting off a piece of the edge of the second surface S2 of the lens after the first surface S1 has been grooved (or cutting off a piece of the edge of the second surface S2 first and then grooving the first surface S1). In this way, when the cut lens 420 is installed in the lens barrel 410, the cut-off part of the edge of the lens 420 does not contact the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410, while the uncut part contacts the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410.

[0169] Optionally, as shown in Figure 13, on the axial section of the lens 420, the first or second segment can be one or more combinations of a straight line segment, an oblique line segment, a broken line segment, a curved line segment, or an arc segment. For example, in the structure shown in Figure 13, the first segment is always a horizontal straight line segment, while the second segment is successively: an oblique line segment, a horizontal straight line segment, an oblique line segment and a horizontal straight line segment, multiple horizontal straight line segments, a curved line segment, and multiple oblique line segments. After cutting the lens 420 according to the shapes of the first and second segments, a second groove can be formed between the edge of the lens 420, the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410, and the spacer (such as the right spacer shown in the figure). The shape of the second groove can be, for example, a triangle, a rectangle, a trapezoid, a stepped shape, a fan shape, or an irregular shape as shown in Figure 13.

[0170] For example, please refer to Figure 14, which shows the three-dimensional structure of the second surface S2 of several large-diameter lenses. In the example shown in Figure 14(A), a ring-shaped structure can be considered as being cut straight inwards from the edge of the second surface S2 of the lens 420. Therefore, in the axial direction X of the lens 420, the second groove presents a rectangle as shown in the second lens of the first row in Figure 13. In the example shown in Figure 14(B), a ring-shaped structure can be considered as being cut diagonally inwards from the edge of the second surface S2 of the lens 420. Therefore, in the axial direction X of the lens 420, the second groove presents a triangle as shown in the first lens of the first row in Figure 13. In the example shown in Figure 14(C), a small ring-shaped structure is first cut straight inwards from the edge of the second surface S2 of the lens 420, and then a large ring-shaped structure is cut diagonally. Therefore, in the axial direction X of the lens 420, the second groove presents a trapezoid as shown in the third lens of the first row in Figure 13.

[0171] It is understandable that a ring structure can also be cut inward from the edge of the second surface S2 of the lens 420 along a curved segment, a broken line segment, or other shaped line segment, so that the second groove presents other shapes, such as an ellipse, a semicircle, a square, or other shapes not shown in Figure 13, which will not be listed here.

[0172] Optionally, referring to Figures 13 and 6a, assuming the left side of lens 420 is the first surface S1 and the right side of lens 420 is the second surface S2, then the spacer on the left side of lens 420 is the first spacer 431, and the spacer on the right side is the second spacer 432. The first segment of lens 420 is connected to the first surface S1, and the second segment of lens 420 is connected to the second surface S2. The portion of the first segment connected to the first surface S1 contacts the first spacer 431, and the portion of the second segment connected to the second surface S2 contacts the second spacer 432. That is, the edge of the first segment along the axial direction X of lens 420 contacts the first spacer 431, and the edge of the second segment along the axial direction X of lens 420 contacts the second spacer 432. With this structural design, the first spacer 431 and the second spacer 432 can be respectively positioned on both axial sides of the edge of lens 420. The combination of the first spacer 431 and the second spacer 432 enables axial positioning of lens 420.

[0173] Further, optionally, referring to Figure 13, the first spacer 431 can be pressed against the edge of the first surface S1, and the second spacer 432 can be pressed against the edge of the second surface S2. It is understood that, in the radial Y direction of the lens 420, since the outer diameters of the first and second segments are different, the heights of the first surface S1 and the second surface S2 are different. In this case, pressing the first spacer 431 against the edge of the first surface S1 and the second spacer 432 against the edge of the second surface S2 will cause the first spacer 431 and the second spacer 432 to have different heights in the radial Y direction of the lens 420. This results in different magnitudes of the torques exerted by the first spacer 431 and the second spacer 432 on the lens 420. In other words, the combination of the first spacer 431 and the second spacer 432 will introduce an additional deformation tendency into the lens 420. However, since the first spacer 431 is located further out than the second spacer 432, as shown in Figure 15a, the combined torque direction of the pressure F1 exerted by the first spacer 431 on the lens 420 and the pressure F2 exerted by the second spacer 432 on the lens 420 is the same as the torque direction of the pressure F1 exerted by the first spacer 431 on the lens 420. The deformation trend of the lens 420 caused by this torque direction is shown by the single-node line in Figure 15a, while the deformation trend caused by the compressive force F exerted by the lens barrel 410 on the lens 420 is shown by the small dotted line in Figure 15a. It can be seen that the deformation trend of the lens 420 after the two spacers are combined is opposite to the deformation trend of the lens 420 caused by the lens barrel 410. Therefore, although the pressure of both the first spacer 431 and the second spacer 432 on the edge of the lens 420 introduces additional torque, this torque can be used to counteract the torque generated by the compressive force of the lens barrel 410, thereby reducing the lens deformation caused by the compressive force of the lens barrel 410.

[0174] Alternatively, in another example, referring to Figure 15b, the first spacer 431 can be pressed against the non-edge of the first surface S1, and the second spacer 432 can be pressed against the edge of the second surface S2, ensuring that the first spacer 431 and the second spacer 432 have the same contact position with the lens 420 in the radial Y direction. Thus, since the first spacer 431 and the second spacer 432 are at the same height in the radial Y direction of the lens 420, the torque generated by the combination of the first spacer 431 and the second spacer 432 is 0, and the first spacer 431 and the second spacer 432 do not produce any additional deformation effect on the lens 420.

[0175] It should be noted that in the example of Figure 15b, the axial cross-section of the first spacer 431 is L-shaped, trapezoidal, or L-shaped. However, in the actual optical lens 400, the non-edge contact between the first spacer 431 and the first surface S1 can also be achieved by using other shapes of the first spacer 431, such as elliptical, pentagonal, star-shaped, or irregular shapes. This application does not make specific limitations on this.

[0176] By using the above-mentioned partial contact method one, the edge of the lens 420 can be made in partial contact with the inner wall of the lens barrel 410 through structural improvements to the lens 420, so that the position of the squeezing force of the lens barrel 410 on the lens 420 under high temperature conditions can be controlled.

[0177] Partial contact method two

[0178] In the second partial contact method, as shown in Figure 16, the outer diameter of the lens 420 is the same, while the inner diameter of the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410 is different. That is, along the axial direction X of the lens 420, the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410 includes at least two segments with different inner diameters. The segment with the smallest inner diameter contacts the edge of the lens 420, while the segment with the larger inner diameter does not contact the edge of the lens 420.

[0179] For example, as shown in Figure 16, the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410 may include a third segment and a fourth segment. The inner diameter (W3) of the third segment is smaller than the inner diameter (W4) of the fourth segment. The third segment contacts the edge of the lens 420, while the fourth segment does not contact the edge of the lens 420. Using this example, the lens 420 can still use a lens with a grooved first surface S1, while the lens barrel 430 can have a third groove formed on its existing inner wall surface. After the lens 420 is installed inside the lens barrel 410, the third groove at least covers the area where the edge of the lens 420 contacts the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410. Thus, in the area where the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410 overlaps with the edge of the lens 420, the portion of the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410, except for the third groove, contacts the edge of the lens 420, while the portion with the third groove does not contact the edge of the lens 420. The presence of the third groove allows for partial contact between the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410 and the edge of the lens 420.

[0180] Optionally, as shown in Figure 16, on the axial section of lens 420, the third or fourth segment can be one or more of the following: a straight line segment, an oblique line segment, a broken line segment, a curved line segment, or an arc segment. For example, in the structure shown in Figure 16, the third segment is always a horizontal straight line segment, while the fourth segment is, in sequence: a horizontal straight line segment, an oblique line segment, a curved line segment, an oblique line segment, an arc segment, or a combination of multiple oblique line segments.

[0181] Furthermore, optionally, according to the shape design of the third and fourth segments mentioned above, the shape of the third groove on the axial section of the lens 420 can be a rectangle, trapezoid, trapezoidal, triangle, semicircle or irregular shape as shown in Figure 16, or it can be other shapes not shown in Figure 16, such as fan shape, semi-ellipse, square, etc., which will not be listed here.

[0182] Further, optionally, referring to Figure 16, the first spacer 431 can be pressed against the edge of the first surface S1, and the second spacer 432 can be pressed against the edge of the second surface S2. It is understood that since the inner diameters of the edges of the lenses 420 are the same, the first surface S1 and the second surface S2 of the lens are at the same height in the radial direction Y of the lens 420. In this case, pressing the first spacer 431 against the edge of the first surface S1 and the second spacer 432 against the edge of the second surface S2 ensures that the first spacer 431 and the second spacer 432 are at the same height in the radial direction Y of the lens 420. This results in the first spacer 431 and the second spacer 432 exerting the same magnitude and opposite direction of torque on the lens 420. In other words, the torque after the first spacer 431 and the second spacer 432 are combined is 0, and the first spacer 431 and the second spacer 432 do not affect the deformation of the lens 420.

[0183] By using the above-mentioned second method of partial contact, the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410 can be partially contacted with the edge of the lens 420 through structural improvements to the lens barrel 410, so that the position of the squeezing force of the lens barrel 410 on the lens 420 under high temperature conditions can be controlled.

[0184] It is understood that the above are merely illustrative examples of two possible partial contact methods, and other partial contact methods may exist in the actual optical lens 400. For example, it may be a combination of the above partial contact method one and layout contact method two, that is, a piece is cut off from the edge of the second surface S2 of the lens 420, and a groove is made on the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410. The position of the groove and the position of the cut-off piece may completely overlap, partially overlap, or not overlap, and there is no specific limitation.

[0185] Based on the above, it can be understood that this application, through the partial contact design between the lens 420 and the lens barrel 410, and the groove design on the mirror surface of the partial contact side of the lens 420, can store most of the deformation caused by the compression of the lens 420 by the lens barrel 410 under high-temperature conditions within the groove. This significantly reduces the impact of the compressive force on the deformation of the central region of the lens 420. Without considering deformation caused by free expansion at high temperatures, the bending deformation of the lens 420 under high-temperature conditions can be minimized. Based on this design, even if the lens 420 is a plastic lens and is installed near a heat source, it can still have a small amount of deformation, and the optical performance of the plastic lens will hardly be affected by proximity to the heat source. In other words, when the solution of this application is applied to plastic lenses, the plastic lens can be used at any position in the optical lens, and the application range of the plastic lens is unrestricted. Moreover, there is no need to reserve deformation space for the plastic lens under normal temperature conditions, thus ensuring the optical performance of the plastic lens at normal temperature.

[0186] It should be noted that the partial contact between the edge of the lens 420 and the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410 in this application is designed to control the position of the compressive force (F) applied by the lens barrel 410 to the lens 420 under high-temperature conditions. In existing optical lenses, the edge of the lens may also partially contact the inner wall surface of the lens barrel due to manufacturing errors. However, this partial contact is caused by manufacturing errors and its position is not fixed, meaning the position of the compressive force is not fixed. This application, on the other hand, carefully designs the partial contact structure between the edge of the lens 420 and the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410 by combining the slotted position of one of the mirror surfaces of the lens 420. This ensures that the position of the compressive force applied by the lens barrel 410 to the lens 420 under high-temperature conditions is precisely outside the slotted area of ​​the lens 420. This allows the slotted area to store the deformation caused by the compressive force, thereby reducing the high-temperature deformation of the lens. In other words, the partial contact structure in this application is completely different from the partial contact structure in existing optical lenses, both in terms of the structure itself and the purpose of the design concept.

[0187] In addition, this application can also position the spacers on both sides of the lens 420 at the same radial height. Thus, under normal operating conditions, the torques generated by the spacers on both sides of the lens 420 are of the same magnitude and opposite in direction. Therefore, the spacers on both sides of the lens 420 will not cause bending deformation to the lens 420. Simultaneously, since the lens 420 does not expand under normal operating conditions, the compressive force exerted by the lens barrel 410 on the lens 420 is zero. In other words, the lens barrel 410 will not cause bending deformation to the lens 420. Based on this, using the above optical lens structure, the lens 420 will not bend or deform under normal operating conditions, and the optical performance of the lens 420 under normal operating conditions can reach its optimal level.

[0188] The above content describes the relevant content of the optical lens provided in this application. Several specific implementation schemes are given below as examples.

[0189] Implementation Plan 1

[0190] Please refer to Figure 17a, which shows a partial structural diagram of the axial cross-section of an optical lens provided in Embodiment 1. In Figure 17a, (A), (B), and (C) represent the internal structures of the optical lens obtained after setting up the plano-convex lens, concave-convex lens, and biconvex lens shown in Figures 7 (A2), (B2), and (C2) according to the partial contact method shown in the first example of the first row in Figure 16. This can be understood as follows: first, a section of the inner wall of the lens barrel 410 is cut away around the lens barrel; then, through the first spacer 431 and the second spacer 432 of the columnar ring structure, the plano-convex lens, concave-convex lens, and biconvex lens shown in Figures 7 (A2), (B2), and (C2) are assembled into the cut lens barrel 410. The corresponding three-dimensional assembly structure can be seen in Figure 17b (since the first surface S1 of the lens is blocked by the first spacer 431, the first groove on the first surface S1 is not visible in the figure).

[0191] For example, taking the structure shown in Figure 17a(B) as an example, Figure 17c shows a schematic diagram of the corresponding axial cross-section. As shown in Figure 17c, in the first embodiment, a first groove is formed on the left side of the lens 420 near the edge, while a third groove is formed on the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410 in the area contacting the right edge of the lens 420. Along the axial direction X of the lens 420, the depth of the first groove is equal to the thickness of the edge of the lens 420. In the radial direction Y of the lens 420, the width of the first groove is greater than 0.5 mm, and the width of the lens outside the first groove (i.e., the groove segment width) is greater than 0.5 mm. In the axial direction X of the lens 420, due to the presence of the third groove, the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410 can be divided into a horizontal straight segment (d). 11 ) and horizontal straight line segment (d 12 ), horizontal straight line segment d 11 inner diameter W 11 Less than the horizontal straight line segment d 12 inner diameter W 12 The horizontal straight segment d with a small inner diameter. 11 Contacting the edge of lens 420, the horizontal straight segment d with a large inner diameter. 12 The first spacer 431 presses against the edge of the first surface S1, and the second spacer 432 presses against the edge of the second surface S2. Since the outer diameters of the edges of the lenses 420 are the same, the height difference between the positions of the first spacer 431 and the second spacer 432 in the radial Y direction of the lens 420 is 0.

[0192] Optionally, in the radial Y direction of lens 420, the horizontal straight line segment d 11 and horizontal straight line segment d 12The difference in inner diameter between the two grooves is greater than 0.1 mm. That is, the depth of the third groove in the radial Y direction of the lens 420 is greater than 0.1 mm. The smaller the groove depth, the more difficult it is to manufacture; conversely, the greater the groove depth, the worse the rigidity of the lens barrel 410. Setting the groove depth to be greater than 0.1 mm can reduce manufacturing difficulty while maintaining the rigidity of the lens barrel 410 as much as possible.

[0193] In Implementation Scheme 1, by carving a first groove near the edge of the left lens surface and a third groove in the lens barrel where it contacts the edge of the right lens surface, the local contact point between the lens and the lens barrel can be controlled to be on the outer side of the left lens surface, i.e., outside the first groove. Thus, even if the lens barrel compresses the lens under high-temperature conditions, the resulting deformation can be controlled within the first groove at the lens edge, minimizing the transfer of deformation to the central area of ​​the lens, i.e., the light-transmitting surface, thereby reducing high-temperature deformation of the lens.

[0194] Implementation Plan 2

[0195] Please refer to Figure 18a, which shows a partial structural diagram of the axial cross-section of an optical lens provided in Embodiment 2. In Figure 18a, (A), (B), and (C) represent the internal structures of the optical lens obtained after setting up the plano-convex lens, concave-convex lens, and biconvex lens shown in Figures 7 (A2), (B2), and (C2) according to the partial contact method shown in the first example of the first row in Figure 13. This can be understood as follows: first, a piece is obliquely cut off the edge connecting to the convex surface of the plano-convex lens, concave-convex lens, and biconvex lens shown in Figures 7 (A2), (B2), and (C2). Then, the cut plano-convex lens, concave-convex lens, and biconvex lens are assembled into the lens barrel 410 through the first spacer 431 and the second spacer 432 of the columnar ring structure. The corresponding three-dimensional assembly structure can be seen in Figure 18b (since the first surface S1 of the lens is blocked by the first spacer 431, the first groove on the first surface S1 is not visible in the figure).

[0196] For example, taking the structure shown in Figure 18a(B) as an example, Figure 18c shows a schematic diagram of the corresponding axial cross-section. As shown in Figure 18c, in Embodiment 2, a first groove is formed on the left side of the lens 420 near the edge, and the relevant parameters of the first groove are described in Embodiment 1 above. Simultaneously, the edge of the right side of the lens 420 is chamfered, with a chamfer range of approximately 3° to 10°, and the height of the chamfered segment in the radial Y direction of the lens 420 is greater than 0.1 mm. Due to the presence of the chamfered segment, in the axial X direction of the lens 420, the edge of the lens 420 is divided into a horizontal straight segment (d) on the left side. 21 ) and the sloping straight line segment on the right (d 22 ), horizontal straight line segment d 21 outer diameter W21 Greater than the inclined straight line segment d 22 outer diameter W 22 The horizontal straight segment d with a large outer diameter 21 The inclined straight segment d with a small outer diameter contacts the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410. 22 It does not contact the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410. The first spacer 431 presses against the edge of the first surface S1, and the second spacer 432 presses against the edge of the second surface S2. Furthermore, due to the presence of the chamfered section, there is a height difference between the positions where the first spacer 431 and the second spacer 432 are pressed in the radial Y direction of the lens 420. This height difference is equal to the height of the chamfered section in the radial Y direction of the lens 420, which is 0.1 mm.

[0197] In implementation scheme two, by carving a first groove near the edge of the left side of the lens and cutting a ring-shaped area obliquely off the edge of the right side of the lens, the local contact point between the lens and the lens barrel can be controlled to be on the outer side of the left side of the lens, that is, on the outer side of the first groove. Thus, even if the lens barrel compresses the lens under high-temperature conditions, the deformation caused by this compression can be controlled within the first groove at the edge of the lens, minimizing the transfer of deformation to the light-transmitting surface of the lens, thereby reducing high-temperature deformation of the lens.

[0198] Implementation Plan 3

[0199] Please refer to Figure 19a, which shows a partial structural diagram of the axial cross-section of an optical lens provided in Embodiment 3. In Figure 19a, (A), (B), and (C) represent the internal structures of the optical lens obtained after setting up the plano-convex lens, concave-convex lens, and biconvex lens shown in Figures 7 (A1), (B1), and (C1), respectively, according to the partial contact method shown in the first example of the first row in Figure 16. This can be understood as follows: first, a section of the inner wall of the lens barrel 410 is cut away around the lens barrel; then, through the first spacer 431 and the second spacer 432 of the columnar ring structure, the plano-convex lens, concave-convex lens, and biconvex lens shown in Figures 7 (A1), (B1), and (C1) are assembled into the cut lens barrel 410. The corresponding three-dimensional assembly structure can be seen in Figure 19b.

[0200] For example, taking the structure shown in Figure 19a(B) as an example, Figure 19c shows a schematic diagram of the corresponding axial cross-section. As shown in Figure 19c, in embodiment three, a first groove is formed on the right side of the lens 420 near the edge, and a third groove is formed on the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410 in the area contacting the left edge of the lens 420. Along the axial direction X of the lens 420, the depth of the first groove is equal to the thickness of the edge of the lens 420. In the radial direction Y of the lens 420, the width of the first groove is greater than 0.5 mm, the width of the lens outside the first groove (i.e., the groove segment width) is greater than 0.5 mm, and the width of the third groove is greater than 1 mm. Due to the existence of the third groove, in the axial direction X of the lens 420, the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410 can be divided into a horizontal straight segment (d 31 ) and horizontal straight line segment (d 32 ), horizontal straight line segment d 31 inner diameter W 31 Greater than the horizontal straight line segment d 32 inner diameter W 32 The horizontal straight segment d with a small inner diameter. 32 Contacting the edge of lens 420, the horizontal straight segment d with a large inner diameter. 31 The first spacer 431 presses against the edge of the first surface S1, and the second spacer 432 presses against the edge of the second surface S2. Furthermore, since the outer diameters of the edges of the lenses 420 are the same, the height difference between the positions of the first spacer 431 and the second spacer 432 in the radial Y direction of the lens 420 is 0.

[0201] In implementation scheme three, by carving a first groove near the edge of the right side of the lens and a third groove in the area of ​​the lens barrel that contacts the edge of the left side of the lens, the local contact point between the lens and the lens barrel can be controlled to be on the outer side of the right side of the lens, that is, on the outer side of the first groove. Thus, even if the lens barrel compresses the lens under high-temperature conditions, the deformation caused by this compression can be controlled within the first groove at the edge of the lens, minimizing the transfer of deformation to the light-transmitting surface of the lens, thereby reducing high-temperature deformation of the lens.

[0202] Implementation Plan 4

[0203] Please refer to Figure 20a, which shows a partial structural diagram of the axial cross-section of an optical lens provided in Embodiment 4. In Figure 20a, (A), (B), and (C) represent the internal structures of the optical lens obtained after setting up the plano-convex lens, concave-convex lens, and biconvex lens shown in Figures 7 (A1), (B1), and (C1) according to the partial contact method shown in the first example of the first row in Figure 13. This can be understood as follows: first, a piece is obliquely cut off the edge connecting the plano-convex lens, concave-convex lens, and biconvex lens shown in Figures 7 (A1), (B1), and (C1) to the non-convex surface; then, the cut plano-convex lens, concave-convex lens, and biconvex lens are assembled into the lens barrel 410 through the first spacer 431 and the second spacer 432 of the columnar ring structure. The corresponding three-dimensional assembly structure can be seen in Figure 20b.

[0204] For example, taking the structure shown in Figure 20a(B) as an example, Figure 20c shows a schematic diagram of the corresponding axial cross-section. As shown in Figure 20c, in embodiment four, a first groove is formed on the right side of the lens 420 near the edge, and the parameters of the first groove are as described in embodiment three above. Simultaneously, the edge of the left side of the lens 420 is chamfered, with a chamfer range of approximately 3° to 10°, and the height of the chamfered segment in the radial Y direction of the lens 420 is greater than 0.1 mm. Due to the presence of the chamfered segment, in the axial X direction of the lens 420, the edge of the lens 420 is divided into a left-side inclined straight segment (d). 41 ) and the horizontal straight line segment on the right (d 42 ), inclined straight segment d 41 outer diameter W 41 Less than the horizontal straight line segment d 42 outer diameter W 42 The horizontal straight segment d with a large outer diameter 42 The inclined straight segment d with a small outer diameter contacts the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410. 41 It does not contact the inner wall surface S0 of the lens barrel 410. The first spacer 431 presses against the edge of the first surface S1, and the second spacer 432 presses against the edge of the second surface S2. Due to the presence of the chamfered section, there is a height difference between the positions where the first spacer 431 and the second spacer 432 are pressed in the radial Y direction of the lens 420. This height difference is the height of the chamfered section in the radial Y direction of the lens 420, which is 0.1 mm.

[0205] In implementation scheme four, by carving a first groove near the edge of the right side of the lens and cutting a ring-shaped area obliquely off the edge of the left side of the lens, the local contact point between the lens and the lens barrel can be controlled to be on the outer side of the right side of the lens, that is, on the outer side of the first groove. Thus, even if the lens barrel compresses the lens under high-temperature conditions, the deformation caused by this compression can be controlled within the first groove at the edge of the lens, minimizing the transfer of deformation to the light-transmitting surface of the lens, thereby reducing high-temperature deformation of the lens.

[0206] It is understood that the above description only illustrates four possible implementation schemes of the optical lens 400, and other implementation schemes may exist in actual scenarios. For example, other implementation schemes can be obtained by combining any lens shown in Figure 7 with any partial contact method shown in Figure 13, or any partial contact method shown in Figure 16, which will not be listed here.

[0207] Based on the structure and functional principles of the optical lens described above, this application can also provide a transmitting module, as shown in Figure 21. The transmitting module 2100 includes an optical lens 2110, which can be any of the optical lenses described in the above embodiments, such as the optical lenses shown in any of the figures 4c, 5, 6a, 6b, 11, 12, 13, 15b, 16, 17a to 17c, 18a to 18c, 19a to 19c, and 20a to 20c. Alternatively, the optical lens 2110 can include a lens and a lens barrel as described in any of the above embodiments, such as the lens shown in any of the figures 7 to 10 or 14, and the lens barrel shown in any of the figures.

[0208] In one possible implementation, referring to Figure 21 above, the transmitting module 2100 may further include a light source assembly 2120 for emitting a light beam, and an optical lens 2110 for transmitting the light beam. The light beam may, exemplarily, be a laser beam. When emitting a laser beam, the light source assembly 2120 typically generates significant heat, causing the optical lens 2110 to operate at high temperatures. However, by designing the optical lens 2110 according to the structure described in the above embodiment, the lens elements within the optical lens 2110 can exhibit minimal deformation, thereby ensuring better optical performance.

[0209] Optionally, the light source assembly 2120 may include a light source, such as a vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL), an edge emitting laser (EEL), a diode pumped solid state laser (DPSS), or a fiber laser.

[0210] In a further possible implementation, the optical lens 2110 can also be used to perform optical processing on the light beam emitted by the light source assembly 2120, and can transmit the optically processed light beam to the detection space. The optical processing may include, but is not limited to, collimation, beam expansion, and energy modulation. For example, the optical lens 2110 can collimate and / or expand and / or modulate the energy distribution in angular space of the received light beam, and can transmit the collimated and / or expanded and / or modulated light beam to the detection space.

[0211] It should be noted that the structure of the optical lens 2110 can be a structure that can collimate and / or expand and / or modulate the light beam. For example, it can be composed of multiple optical fibers and collimating lenses, or it can be a microlens array, or it can be a micro-optical system attached to the surface of the light source assembly. No specific limitation is made here.

[0212] Based on the structure and functional principle of the transmitting module described above, this application can also provide a detection device, as shown in Figure 22. The detection device 2200 can be, for example, a lidar. The detection device 2200 includes a transmitting module 2210, which can be the transmitting module in any of the above embodiments, such as the transmitting module 2100 shown in Figure 21.

[0213] In one possible implementation, referring to Figure 22 above, the detection device 2200 may further include a receiving module 2220 for receiving the light beam (also known as the echo signal) reflected back by the target. Optionally, the receiving module 2220 may include a detection component and a receiving optical system for transmitting the echo signal from the target to the detection component, which may convert the echo signal into an electrical signal. The receiving optical system typically uses the same optical lens as the transmitting optical component, and the optical lens itself is based on a rotationally symmetric imaging optical design. This facilitates reducing the cost of the detection device, increasing the reuse rate of optical components, and simplifying the assembly and adjustment of the detection device.

[0214] In a further possible implementation, referring to Figure 22 above, the detection device 2200 may also include a scanning module 2230, which is used to scan the beam from the transmitting module 2210 into the detection space. In some scenarios, the scanning module 2230 may also scan the beam reflected back from the target into the receiving module 2220, such as the receiving optical system in the receiving module 2220.

[0215] In a further possible implementation, referring to Figure 22 above, the detection device 2200 may also include a processing module 2240, which can be used to receive electrical signals from the detection component and generate corresponding point cloud data based on the electrical signals, and can also determine the association information of the target.

[0216] For example, when the detection device 2200 is installed in a vehicle, the processing module 2240 can acquire the vehicle's latitude and longitude, speed, orientation, or related information (such as the distance to the target, the speed of the target, and / or the attitude of the target) of targets within a certain range (such as other vehicles, pedestrians, or obstacles) in real time or periodically. Further, optionally, the processing module 2240 can also send this acquired information to control devices in the vehicle, enabling the control devices to perform path planning, braking, or starting of the vehicle based on this information. For example, latitude and longitude can be used to determine the vehicle's position, or speed and orientation can be used to determine the vehicle's direction of travel and destination over a future period, or the distance to surrounding objects can be used to determine the number and density of obstacles around the vehicle. Further, optionally, it can also be combined with the functions of an advanced driving assistance system (ADAS) to achieve assisted driving or autonomous driving of the vehicle.

[0217] For example, the processing module 2240 can be a circuit with signal (or data) processing capabilities. In one implementation, the processing module can be a circuit with instruction reading and execution capabilities, such as a central processing unit (CPU), microprocessor, graphics processing unit (GPU) (which can be understood as a type of microprocessor), or digital signal processor (DSP). In another implementation, the processing module can implement certain functions through the logical relationships of hardware circuits. These logical relationships are fixed or reconfigurable. For example, the processing module can be a hardware circuit implemented using an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a programmable logic device (PLD), such as a field-programmable gate array (FPGA). In a reconfigurable hardware circuit, the process of the processing module loading a configuration document and configuring the hardware circuit can be understood as the process of the processing module loading instructions to implement some or all of the functions of the above units. Furthermore, processing modules can also be hardware circuits designed for artificial intelligence, which can be understood as a type of ASIC, such as a neural network processing unit (NPU), tensor processing unit (TPU), deep learning processing unit (DPU), etc. They can also be application processors (APs), image signal processors (ISPs), or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. Different processing modules can be independent devices or integrated into one or more processors.

[0218] It should be noted that the detection device architecture shown in Figure 22 is only an example. In other examples, the detection device may include more, fewer, or different structures, and each structure may include more, fewer, or different components. For example, in another example, referring to Figure 22, the detection device 2200 may also include a window for transmitting a light beam.

[0219] Based on the structure and functional principles of the detection device described above, this application can also provide a terminal device. This terminal device may include any of the detection devices described above, such as the detection device shown in Figure 22.

[0220] For example, the terminal device may be a vehicle (e.g., driverless car, smart car, electric car, or digital car), robot, surveying equipment, drone, smart home device (e.g., television, robot vacuum cleaner, smart lamp, audio system, smart lighting system, electrical control system, home background music, home theater system, intercom system, or video surveillance), smart manufacturing equipment (e.g., industrial equipment), smart transportation equipment (e.g., AGV, driverless vehicle, or truck), or smart terminal (mobile phone, computer, tablet, PDA, desktop computer, headphones, audio equipment, wearable device, in-vehicle device, virtual reality device, augmented reality device, etc.).

[0221] Based on the structure and functional principle of the optical lens described above, this application can also provide an optical display device, which may include any of the optical lenses mentioned above, such as the optical lenses shown in any of the figures 4c, 5, 6a, 6b, 11, 12, 13, 15b, 16, 17a to 17c, 18a to 18c, 19a to 19c, and 20a to 20c.

[0222] For example, the optical display device may include, but is not limited to, HUD, projector, AR device, VR device, or MR device, wherein the AR device may include, but is not limited to, AR glasses or AR helmet, the VR device may include, but is not limited to, VR glasses or VR helmet, and the MR device may include, but is not limited to, MR glasses or MR helmet.

[0223] In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. In the textual description of this application, the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. Additionally, in this application, "exemplarily," "optionally," or other similar expressions are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary," "optional," or other similar expressions in this application should not be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Alternatively, it can be understood that the use of the terms "exemplary" or "optional" is intended to present concepts in a specific manner and does not constitute a limitation of this application.

[0224] It is understood that the various numerical designations used in this application are merely for descriptive convenience and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application. The order of the process numbers described above does not imply the order of execution; the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic. The terms "first," "second," "third," and similar expressions are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such as including a series of steps or units. A method, system, product, or device is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

Claims

1. An optical lens, characterized in that, It includes a lens barrel and a lens, wherein the lens is fixed inside the lens barrel; The first surface of the lens has a first groove, and the distance between the first groove and the edge of the lens is less than a threshold distance. The edge of the lens partially contacts the inner wall surface of the lens barrel. The location of the partial contact is located on the outer side of the first groove in the radial direction of the lens and in the first direction located at the center of gravity of the lens in the axial direction of the lens. The first direction is the direction of the first surface of the lens relative to the center of gravity of the lens.

2. The optical lens as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first surface of the lens has one or more of the first grooves, and the one or more of the first grooves are arranged along the circumference of the lens.

3. The optical lens as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Along the axial direction of the lens, the depth of the first groove is K times the thickness of the lens edge.

4. The optical lens as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, In the radial direction of the lens, the width of the first groove is greater than 0.5 mm.

5. The optical lens as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, In the radial direction of the lens, the distance between the first groove and the edge of the lens is greater than 0.5 mm.

6. The optical lens as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, On the axial cross-section of the lens, the first groove is rectangular, trapezoidal, trapezoidal, triangular, or triangular.

7. The optical lens as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The optical lens further includes a first spacer and a second spacer. One side of the first spacer contacts the inner wall of the lens barrel, and the other side of the first spacer contacts the first surface of the lens. One side of the second spacer contacts the inner wall of the lens barrel, and the other side of the second spacer contacts the second surface of the lens.

8. The optical lens as described in claim 7, characterized in that, In the radial direction of the lens, the distance between the first spacer and the center of gravity of the lens is equal to the distance between the second spacer and the center of gravity of the lens.

9. The optical lens as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, On the axial section of the lens: The first surface of the lens comprises multiple segments, all of which are flat, or the segments located on both sides of the first groove are flat, while the middle segment is curved inward or outward; the second surface of the lens comprises multiple segments, with the edge segments being flat and the middle segment curving outward; or, The first surface of the lens comprises multiple segments, with the segments on both sides of the first groove being flat and the middle segment being curved outwards; the second surface of the lens is flat, or comprises multiple segments, with the segments at the edges being flat and the middle segments being curved inwards or outwards.

10. The optical lens as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the inner wall of the lens barrel is the same, while the outer diameter of the lens edge is different.

11. The optical lens as described in claim 10, characterized in that, Along the axial direction of the lens, the edge of the lens includes a first segment and a second segment. The outer diameter of the first segment is larger than the outer diameter of the second segment. The first segment is in contact with the inner wall surface of the lens barrel, while the second segment is not in contact with the inner wall surface of the lens barrel.

12. The optical lens as described in claim 11, characterized in that, On the axial cross-section of the lens, the first segment or the second segment is a straight line, an oblique line, a curve, or an arc.

13. The optical lens as described in claim 11 or 12, characterized in that, The optical lens further includes a first spacer and a second spacer. The first segment is connected to a first surface of the lens, and the second segment is connected to a second surface of the lens. The lens portion of the first segment connected to the first surface contacts the first spacer, and the lens portion of the second segment connected to the second surface contacts the second spacer.

14. The optical lens as described in claim 13, characterized in that, In the radial direction of the lens, the first surface and the second surface have different heights, the first spacer presses on the edge of the first surface, and the second spacer presses on the edge of the second surface.

15. The optical lens as described in any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the lens edges is the same, while the inner diameter of the inner wall surface of the lens barrel is different.

16. The optical lens as described in claim 15, characterized in that, Along the axial direction of the lens, the inner wall surface of the lens barrel includes a third segment and a fourth segment. The inner diameter of the third segment is smaller than the inner diameter of the fourth segment. The third segment contacts the edge of the lens, while the fourth segment does not contact the edge of the lens.

17. The optical lens as described in claim 15 or 16, characterized in that, The optical lens further includes a first spacer and a second spacer. In the radial direction of the lens, the first surface and the second surface are at the same height. The first spacer presses on the edge of the first surface, and the second spacer presses on the edge of the second surface.

18. The optical lens as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that, The lens is a plastic lens, a glass lens, or a glass-plastic composite lens.

19. A transmitting module, characterized in that, Includes the optical lens as described in any one of claims 1 to 18.

20. The transmitting module as described in claim 19, characterized in that, It also includes a light source assembly; The light source assembly is used to emit a light beam; The optical lens is used to transmit the light beam.

21. A detection device, characterized in that, Includes the launch module as described in claim 19 or 20.

22. A terminal device, characterized in that, Includes the detection device as described in claim 21.

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