Data transmission method, and device, medium and product

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of communications. Disclosed are a data transmission method, and a device, a medium and a product. The data transmission method comprises: acquiring ground node registration information, satellite network information, and geographical location information of a second ground node; on the basis of the ground node registration information, the satellite network information and the geographical location information of the second ground node, determining at least one service satellite and a first encapsulation address; and on the basis of the first encapsulation address, performing encapsulation on a data packet to be forwarded, and sending to the at least one service satellite said data packet including the first encapsulation address, such that the at least one service satellite transmits said data packet to the second ground node on the basis of the first encapsulation address.

Description

Data transmission methods, equipment, media and products

[0001] Cross-referencing

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202410853259.4, filed on June 28, 2024, entitled "Data Transmission Method, Apparatus, Medium and Product", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of communications, and more particularly to a data transmission method, network device, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0004] With the development of network technology and services, space-based networks and terrestrial networks are gradually moving from being independent to interconnected and integrated. Among them, tunnel-based integration is an important integration method to achieve interconnection between space-based and terrestrial networks.

[0005] The tunnel-based convergence approach treats the space-based network as a system independent of the ground-based network, lacking routing information from the terrestrial network. When terrestrial network nodes communicate across the space-based network, all data packets require encapsulation and decapsulation to enable data forwarding between the space and ground networks. Maintaining and acquiring the data packet encapsulation information is crucial to this convergence approach, but currently, a concrete implementation mechanism is lacking, hindering the interconnection of space-based and ground-based networks. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main objective of this application is to provide a data transmission method, network device, storage medium, and computer program product.

[0007] This application provides a data transmission method, the method comprising: acquiring ground node registration information, satellite network information, and geographical location information of a second ground node; determining at least one target service satellite and a first encapsulation address based on the ground node registration information, satellite network information, and geographical location information of the second ground node; encapsulating a data packet to be forwarded according to the first encapsulation address, and sending the data packet to be forwarded containing the first encapsulation address to the at least one target service satellite, so that the at least one target service satellite transmits the data packet to be forwarded to the second ground node according to the first encapsulation address.

[0008] This application also provides a network device, which includes: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the computer program is configured to implement the steps of the data transmission method described above.

[0009] This application embodiment also provides a storage medium, which is a computer-readable storage medium, and stores a computer program thereon. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the data transmission method described above. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the operating device of the hardware operating environment involved in the embodiment of this application;

[0011] Figure 2 is a flowchart illustrating the data transmission method according to the first embodiment;

[0012] Figure 3 is a flowchart illustrating the data transmission method according to the second embodiment;

[0013] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the division of Earth regions according to the second embodiment;

[0014] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the satellite-to-ground routing architecture according to the second embodiment;

[0015] Figure 6 is a flowchart illustrating the data transmission method according to the third embodiment;

[0016] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the instantiation process of the data transmission method according to the fourth embodiment;

[0017] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the data transmission device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0018] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0019] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0020] With the development of network technology and services, space-based networks and terrestrial networks are gradually moving from being independent to interconnected and integrated. Integration methods include BGP (Border Gateway Protocol)-based integration and tunnel-based integration.

[0021] When implementing space-ground network convergence based on BGP, the space-based network and the ground-based network belong to different ASs (Autonomous Systems). The connectivity and routing information exchange between different ASs are completed by BGP neighbors, and the adjacency relationship is maintained by relying on the Hello mechanism, so that each routing node in the network maintains and generates a data forwarding table. However, BGP is closely mapped to changes in network topology. When the network topology changes, the BGP adjacency relationship changes accordingly. Considering the special nature and deployment form of the space-based network, that is, the space-based network and the ground-based network belong to different ASs, if the space-ground interconnection directly adopts the existing protocol, the following problems will exist: (1) the connection between nodes will be constantly switched, and the route needs to be updated frequently; (2) the communication environment between space and ground is complex, and sudden interruptions are inevitable; (3) the continuous connection switching between space and ground will further affect the stability of the ground network.

[0022] Therefore, isolating network interference through tunnels is a feasible approach to handling the interconnection of space-based and ground-based networks. This approach treats the space-based network as a system independent of the ground-based network, which does not possess routing information from the ground network. When ground network nodes communicate across space-based networks, all data packets need to be encapsulated and decapsulated to enable data forwarding between the space and ground networks. Maintaining and acquiring the encapsulation information of data packets is crucial to this integration method. However, existing research lacks a unified approach to this.

[0023] To solve the above technical problems, please refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic diagram of the operating device structure of the hardware operating environment involved in the embodiment of this application.

[0024] As shown in Figure 1, the operating device may include: a processor 1001, such as a central processing unit (CPU), a communication bus 1002, a user interface 1003, a network interface 1004, and a memory 1005. The communication bus 1002 is used to enable communication between these components. The user interface 1003 may include a display screen and an input unit such as a keyboard; optionally, the user interface 1003 may also include a standard wired interface or a wireless interface. The network interface 1004 may optionally include a standard wired interface or a wireless interface (such as a Wi-Fi interface). The memory 1005 may be a high-speed random access memory (RAM) or a stable non-volatile memory (NVM), such as a disk drive. The memory 1005 may also optionally be a storage device independent of the aforementioned processor 1001.

[0025] Those skilled in the art will understand that the structure shown in Figure 1 does not constitute a limitation on the operating equipment and may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0026] As shown in Figure 1, the memory 1005, which serves as a storage medium, may include an operating system, a data storage module, a network communication module, a user interface module, and a computer program.

[0027] In the operating device shown in Figure 1, the network interface 1004 is mainly used for data communication with other devices; the user interface 1003 is mainly used for data interaction with the user; the processor 1001 and memory 1005 in the operating device of this application can be set in the operating device. The operating device calls the computer program stored in the memory 1005 through the processor 1001 and performs the following operations: obtaining ground node registration information, satellite network information and geographical location information of the second ground node; determining at least one target service satellite and a first encapsulation address based on the ground node registration information, satellite network information and geographical location information of the second ground node; encapsulating the data packet to be forwarded according to the first encapsulation address, and sending the data packet to be forwarded containing the first encapsulation address to the at least one target service satellite, so that the at least one target service satellite transmits the data packet to be forwarded to the second ground node according to the first encapsulation address.

[0028] For example, the satellite network information includes satellite orbital position information and a first mapping relationship, wherein the first mapping relationship includes the correspondence between the satellite identifier of each serving satellite and its access network segment.

[0029] For example, the at least one target service satellite includes a first service satellite corresponding to the first ground node and a second service satellite corresponding to the second ground node. The first encapsulation address includes a first source address and a first destination address. The step of determining at least one service satellite and the first encapsulation address based on the ground node registration information, satellite network information, and the geographical location information of the second ground node includes: determining the first service satellite corresponding to the first ground node at the current time based on the satellite orbital position information and the geographical location information of the first ground node; determining the second service satellite corresponding to the second ground node at the current time based on the satellite orbital position information and the geographical location information of the second ground node; determining the access address of the first ground node based on the ground node registration information, the first mapping relationship, and the first service satellite; determining the current access address of the second ground node based on the ground node registration information, the first mapping relationship, and the second service satellite; using the access address of the first ground node as the first source address and the current access address of the second ground node as the first destination address.

[0030] For example, the ground node registration information includes the correspondence between the node identifiers of various ground nodes and their geographical locations. The step of determining the access address of the first ground node based on the ground node registration information, the first mapping relationship, and the first serving satellite includes: determining the first node identifier information corresponding to the first ground node based on the ground node registration information and the geographical location information of the first ground node, wherein the first node identifier information includes a first area identifier and a first device identifier; determining the access network segment of the first serving satellite based on the first node identifier information and the first mapping relationship; and obtaining the access address of the first ground node based on the first area identifier, the first device identifier, and the access network segment of the first serving satellite.

[0031] For example, the step of determining the current access address of the second ground node based on the ground node registration information, the first mapping relationship, and the second service satellite includes: determining the second node identification information corresponding to the second ground node based on the ground node registration information and the geographical location information of the second ground node, wherein the second node identification information includes a second area identifier and a second device identifier; determining the access network segment of the second service satellite based on the second node identification information and the first mapping relationship; and obtaining the current access address of the second ground node based on the second area identifier, the second device identifier, and the access network segment of the second service satellite.

[0032] For example, before the step of obtaining the ground node registration information, satellite network information, and geographical location information of the second ground node, the method further includes: sending the node information of the first ground node to the registration node, wherein the node information is used by the registration node to perform node addressing based on the node information and generate the first node identification information to form a correspondence between the first node identification information and the geographical location information of the first ground node; wherein the node information includes node type, area identifier, and device identifier, and the registration node includes at least one of registration server, ground node, and service satellite.

[0033] For example, the processor 1001 may call a computer program stored in the memory 1005 and further perform the following operations: receive a data packet to be forwarded containing a first encapsulation address sent by a first ground node; transmit the data packet to be forwarded to a second ground node according to the first encapsulation address, wherein the first encapsulation address is determined by the first ground node based on ground node registration information, satellite network information and geographical location information of the second ground node.

[0034] For example, the step of transmitting the data packet to be forwarded to the second ground node according to the first encapsulation address includes: parsing the first encapsulation address, determining the satellite identifier of the second serving satellite corresponding to the second ground node at the current time by combining satellite network information; encapsulating the data packet to be forwarded with the satellite identifier of the first serving satellite as the second source address and the satellite identifier of the second serving satellite as the second destination address to obtain the data packet to be forwarded containing the second encapsulation address, and sending the data packet to be forwarded containing the second encapsulation address to the second serving satellite, so that the second serving satellite can determine the current access address of the second ground node according to the second encapsulation address, and send the data packet to be forwarded to the second ground node according to the current access address of the second ground node.

[0035] For example, the first encapsulation address includes a first destination address, which includes the access network segment of the second serving satellite; the step of parsing the first encapsulation address and determining the satellite identifier of the second serving satellite corresponding to the second ground node at the current time in combination with satellite network information includes: parsing the first encapsulation address to determine the access network segment of the second serving satellite; and determining the satellite identifier of the second serving satellite according to the access network segment of the second serving satellite and a first mapping relationship in the satellite network information, wherein the first mapping relationship includes the correspondence between the satellite identifier of each serving satellite and its access network segment.

[0036] First Embodiment

[0037] Referring to Figure 2, which is a flowchart illustrating a data transmission method according to a first embodiment, the method includes:

[0038] Step S10: Obtain ground node registration information, satellite network information, and geographical location information of the second ground node.

[0039] This application proposes a predictable satellite-to-ground routing architecture based on serving satellites. This architecture includes three node types: registration nodes, ground nodes, and serving satellites. Ground nodes are nodes located in a terrestrial network, including GS (Ground Station) and UE or User Equipment. In this application, the first ground node can also be called the source ground node, and the second ground node can also be called the destination ground node. The serving satellite is the satellite corresponding to the ground node, used to forward data packets to be forwarded from the first ground node to the second ground node. The registration node is a node that provides communication node access registration services; it can be a registration server, a ground node, or a space-based node. In this application, a registration server is used as an example for illustration.

[0040] For example, the ground node registration information includes the correspondence between the node identifier of each ground node and its geographical location; the satellite network information includes satellite orbital position information (e.g., orbital inclination, right ascension of the ascending node, orbital number, and the order of the satellite in its orbit) and a first mapping relationship, wherein the satellite orbital position information is used to determine the satellite ephemeris (satellites that pass over a specified ground node within a specific time period), that is, to determine which satellite provides services to a specified Earth region at a given time, and the first mapping relationship includes the correspondence between the satellite identifier of each serving satellite and its access network segment; the geographical location information of the ground node can be the latitude and longitude information of the location of the ground node.

[0041] Step S20: Based on the ground node registration information, satellite network information, and geographical location information of the second ground node, determine at least one target service satellite and a first encapsulation address.

[0042] Furthermore, after obtaining the ground node registration information, satellite network information, and the geographical location information of the second ground node, at least one target service satellite and the first encapsulation address can be determined based on the ground node registration information, satellite network information, and the geographical location information of the second ground node.

[0043] For example, the serving satellites corresponding to the first ground node and the second ground node can be the same serving satellite or different serving satellites. This embodiment uses the example of first ground nodes and second ground nodes corresponding to different serving satellites, a situation where forwarding is relatively complex and common. That is, at least one target serving satellite in this embodiment includes the first serving satellite corresponding to the first ground node and the second serving satellite corresponding to the second ground node.

[0044] For example, based on the satellite orbital position information and the geographical location information of the first ground node, the first serving satellite corresponding to the first ground node at the current moment can be determined; based on the satellite orbital position information and the geographical location information of the second ground node, the second serving satellite corresponding to the second ground node at the current moment can be determined. Based on the ground node registration information, the first mapping relationship, and the first serving satellite, the access address of the first ground node can be determined; based on the ground node registration information, the first mapping relationship, and the second serving satellite, the current access address of the second ground node can be determined.

[0045] For example, in the embodiments of this application, the first encapsulation address determined includes a first source address and a first destination address. The access address of the first ground node itself is used as the first source address, and the current access address of the second ground node is used as the first destination address. This is used to encapsulate the data packet to be forwarded, so that the data packet to be forwarded can be sent to at least one target service satellite.

[0046] Step S30: Encapsulate the data packet to be forwarded according to the first encapsulation address, and send the data packet to be forwarded containing the first encapsulation address to the at least one target service satellite, so that the at least one target service satellite transmits the data packet to be forwarded to the second ground node according to the first encapsulation address.

[0047] Furthermore, after determining at least one target service satellite and a first encapsulation address based on the ground node registration information, satellite network information, and the geographical location information of the second ground node, the data packet to be forwarded can be encapsulated according to the first encapsulation address, and the data packet to be forwarded containing the first encapsulation address can be sent to at least one target service satellite, so that at least one target service satellite can transmit the data packet to be forwarded to the second ground node according to the first encapsulation address.

[0048] For example, at least one target service satellite includes a first service satellite corresponding to a first ground node and a second service satellite corresponding to a second ground node. The first ground node sends a data packet to be forwarded containing a first encapsulation address to the first service satellite corresponding to the first ground node. The first service satellite parses the first encapsulation address and determines the satellite identifier of the second service satellite corresponding to the second ground node at the current time by combining the satellite network information. The first service satellite uses its own satellite identifier as the second source address and the satellite identifier of the second service satellite as the second destination address to encapsulate the data packet to be forwarded, obtaining a data packet to be forwarded containing the second encapsulation address. The first service satellite then sends the data packet to be forwarded containing the second encapsulation address to the second service satellite, so that the second service satellite can determine the current access address of the second ground node based on the second encapsulation address and send the data packet to be forwarded to the second ground node based on the current access address of the second ground node.

[0049] For example, the reverse data transmission process from the second ground node to the first ground node is similar to the data transmission process described above, and will not be elaborated upon in this embodiment.

[0050] This embodiment, through the above-described scheme, specifically obtains ground node registration information, satellite network information, and the geographical location information of a second ground node; determines at least one serving satellite and a first encapsulation address based on the ground node registration information, satellite network information, and the geographical location information of the second ground node; encapsulates the data packet to be forwarded according to the first encapsulation address, and sends the data packet containing the first encapsulation address to the at least one serving satellite, so that the at least one serving satellite transmits the data packet to be forwarded to the second ground node according to the first encapsulation address. This clarifies the mechanism for determining the first encapsulation address of the data packet to be forwarded, enabling the transmission of the data packet to be forwarded to the second ground node based on the first encapsulation address, thus realizing data transmission between ground nodes via serving satellites.

[0051] Second Embodiment

[0052] Referring to Figure 3, which is a flowchart illustrating the data transmission method according to the second embodiment, this embodiment proposes a second embodiment based on the aforementioned first embodiment. Contents identical or similar to those in the above embodiments in this second embodiment can be referred to the above description and will not be repeated hereafter. Based on this, please refer to Figure 3; step S20 includes steps S201-S203:

[0053] Step S201: Determine the first service satellite corresponding to the first ground node at the current time based on the satellite orbital position information and the geographical location information of the first ground node; and determine the second service satellite corresponding to the second ground node at the current time based on the satellite orbital position information and the geographical location information of the second ground node.

[0054] Step S202: Determine the access address of the first ground node based on the ground node registration information, the first mapping relationship, and the first service satellite; and determine the current access address of the second ground node based on the ground node registration information, the first mapping relationship, and the second service satellite.

[0055] Step S203: Use the first ground node's own access address as the first source address, and use the second ground node's current access address as the first destination address.

[0056] Referring to Figure 4, which is a schematic diagram of Earth region division according to the second embodiment, the Earth's surface is divided into several regions. This allows for the mapping between the geographical location information (e.g., latitude and longitude) of ground nodes and the Earth's surface regions. Based on the geographical location information of the first ground node, the Earth region where the first ground node is located can be determined. Based on satellite orbital position information, satellite ephemeris can be determined. The satellite ephemeris can determine which satellite provides service to a specified Earth region at the current time. Therefore, after determining the Earth region where the first ground node is located based on its geographical location information, the first serving satellite corresponding to that Earth region at the current time can be determined by combining the satellite ephemeris. Similarly, after determining the Earth region where the second ground node is located based on its geographical location information, the second serving satellite corresponding to that Earth region at the current time can be determined by combining the satellite ephemeris.

[0057] For example, the ground node registration information includes the correspondence between the node identifiers of each ground node and its geographical location.

[0058] For example, before the step of obtaining ground node registration information, the method further includes: sending node information of the first ground node to the registration node, wherein the node information is used by the registration node to perform node addressing based on the node information and generate the first node identification information to form a correspondence between the first node identification information and the geographical location information of the first ground node; wherein the node information includes node type, area identifier and device identifier, and the registration node includes at least one of registration server, ground node and service satellite.

[0059] Specifically, a registration node is a node that provides registration services for communication node access. It can be a registration server, a ground node, or a space-based node. The registration node records the network information of all ground nodes currently connected to the space-based network. The registration node maintains the following node registration information table, as shown in Table 1. This table must at least contain the network node and the node identifier; if the node identifier does not contain geographical location information, then the table should also contain the node's latitude and longitude geographical location information.

[0060] Table 1. Ground Node Registration Information Table

[0061] For example, ground nodes are users accessing the space-based network from the ground, including ground stations (GS), ground terminal users, etc. The moment a ground node accesses the space-based network, it should access the registration node, register its network information, and obtain network information of other ground nodes reachable through the space-based network.

[0062] Referring to Figure 5, which is a schematic diagram of the satellite-to-ground routing architecture according to the second embodiment, the registration process and the information acquisition process correspond to ① and ② in the figure above, respectively. To ensure normal access to the registration server, the address information of the registration server should be pre-configured on the ground node. The information that also needs to be configured includes satellite network information determined by the satellite constellation type. The satellite network information includes satellite orbital position information and a first mapping relationship, wherein the first mapping relationship includes the correspondence between the satellite identifier of each serving satellite and its access network segment.

[0063] For example, a service satellite is a satellite that communicates with ground nodes at a specified time. Any satellite node in the space-based network that provides access services to ground nodes can be a service satellite. As shown in Figure 5, sat1 is the service satellite of GS at the current time; similarly, the relationship between sat3 and User can be seen. The service satellite needs to maintain the mapping relationship between all satellites in the space-based network and the access network segments they provide, as shown in Table 2. Considering support for different network architectures, the satellite identifier in this mapping relationship can be an IPv4 address, IPv6 address, or DTN address, etc. Therefore, Table 2 does not explicitly specify the address type of the satellite identifier and only uses sat1_iden to represent it.

[0064] Table 2. Example of the first mapping relationship

[0065] For example, when accessing a space-based network, a ground node accesses a registered node based on its address information and must inform the registered node of its own address and geographical location information.

[0066] Due to the movement of satellites along their orbits, ground nodes switch access between multiple satellites. The access network segment between the ground node and the satellite will also change with the changes in the satellite and the access beam. Therefore, the address information provided by the ground network node to the registered node should meet two requirements: (1) the address information is a unique identifier of the ground network node; (2) based on the address information and the predictable satellite orbit, the address used by the peer ground node to connect with its serving satellite at a specified time can be determined. To achieve the above requirements, the address information of the ground node is represented by the loopback address or router ID, and includes two parts: the geographical area and the device number within the area. The specific addressing format is shown in Table 3 below:

[0067] Table 3. Examples of Node Addressing Formats

[0068] In Table 3, Prefix is ​​the prefix of the address, which can be used to distinguish node types, such as ground stations and end users. Area ID is the geographical area identifier, which can be referred to as the diagram of Earth's regional division in Figure 4, which divides the Earth's surface into several regions to achieve the mapping between the latitude and longitude of ground nodes and the regions on the Earth's surface. Device ID is the node's own device identification information, and the uniqueness of this ID within the same region must be guaranteed. After access registration, ground nodes can obtain existing registration information in the network from the registration node.

[0069] For example, the step of determining the access address of a first ground node based on the ground node registration information, the first mapping relationship, and the first serving satellite includes: determining the first node identification information corresponding to the first ground node based on the ground node registration information and the geographical location information of the first ground node, wherein the first node identification information includes a first area identifier and a first device identifier; determining the access network segment of the first serving satellite based on the first node identification information and the first mapping relationship; and obtaining the access address of the first ground node based on the first area identifier, the first device identifier, and the access network segment of the first serving satellite.

[0070] Specifically, the serving satellite of the first ground node is selected based on the geographical location information of the first ground node at the current communication time; the identification information of the first ground node can be obtained from the obtained ground node registration information table (refer to Table 1); the area id and device id parts of the identification information are concatenated with the access network segment prefix of the first serving satellite to obtain the current access address of the first ground node.

[0071] For example, the step of determining the current access address of the second ground node based on the ground node registration information, the first mapping relationship, and the second service satellite includes: determining the second node identification information corresponding to the second ground node based on the ground node registration information and the geographical location information of the second ground node, wherein the second node identification information includes a second area identifier and a second device identifier; determining the access network segment of the second service satellite based on the second node identification information and the first mapping relationship; and obtaining the current access address of the second ground node based on the second area identifier, the second device identifier, and the access network segment of the second service satellite.

[0072] Specifically, the first ground node selects the serving satellite of the second ground node at the current communication time based on the geographical location information of the second ground node; according to the obtained ground node registration information table (refer to Table 1), the first ground node can know the identification information of the second ground node; by concatenating the area id and device id parts of the identification information with the access network segment prefix of the second serving satellite, the current access address of the second ground node can be obtained.

[0073] Furthermore, the first ground node generates a data packet containing a first encapsulation address using its own access address as the first source address and the current access address of the second ground node as the first destination address. The first ground node then sends the data packet containing the first encapsulation address to the first service satellite corresponding to the first ground node, so that the first service satellite can parse the data packet containing the first encapsulation address and then send the data packet to the second service satellite based on the parsing result. The second service satellite can then send the data packet to the second ground node, thus completing the data transmission.

[0074] This embodiment, through the above scheme, specifically determines the first serving satellite corresponding to the first ground node at the current time based on the satellite orbital position information and the geographical location information of the first ground node; and determines the second serving satellite corresponding to the second ground node at the current time based on the satellite orbital position information and the geographical location information of the second ground node; determines the access address of the first ground node based on the ground node registration information, the first mapping relationship, and the first serving satellite; and determines the current access address of the second ground node based on the ground node registration information, the first mapping relationship, and the second serving satellite; using the access address of the first ground node as the first source address and the current access address of the second ground node as the first destination address, clarifies the mechanism for determining the first encapsulation address of the data packet to be forwarded. The data packet to be forwarded can be transmitted to the second ground node based on the first encapsulation address, thus realizing data transmission between ground nodes via serving satellites.

[0075] Third Embodiment

[0076] Referring to Figure 6, which is a flowchart illustrating the data transmission method according to the third embodiment, this embodiment is based on any of the above embodiments and proposes the third embodiment of this application. In this third embodiment, content that is the same as or similar to any of the above embodiments can be referred to the above description and will not be repeated hereafter. Based on this, referring to Figure 6, for the first serving satellite corresponding to the first ground node, the data transmission method includes:

[0077] Step A10: Receive the data packet to be forwarded, containing the first encapsulation address, sent by the first ground node.

[0078] Step A20: Transmit the data packet to be forwarded to the second ground node according to the first encapsulation address, wherein the first encapsulation address is determined by the first ground node based on the ground node registration information, satellite network information and the geographical location information of the second ground node.

[0079] For example, the first ground node sends the data packet to be forwarded, containing the first encapsulation address, to the first serving satellite corresponding to the first ground node. The first serving satellite parses the first encapsulation address and, in conjunction with satellite network information, determines the satellite identifier of the second serving satellite corresponding to the second ground node at the current time. The first serving satellite uses its own satellite identifier as the second source address and the satellite identifier of the second serving satellite as the second destination address to encapsulate the data packet to be forwarded, obtaining a data packet to be forwarded containing the second encapsulation address. The first serving satellite then sends the data packet to be forwarded containing the second encapsulation address to the second serving satellite, so that the second serving satellite can determine the current access address of the second ground node based on the second encapsulation address and send the data packet to be forwarded to the second ground node based on the current access address of the second ground node.

[0080] For example, the first ground node can determine the first serving satellite corresponding to the first ground node at the current time based on the satellite orbital position information and the geographical location information of the first ground node; based on the satellite orbital position information and the geographical location information of the second ground node, it can determine the second serving satellite corresponding to the second ground node at the current time. Based on the ground node registration information, the first mapping relationship, and the first serving satellite, the access address of the first ground node can be determined; based on the ground node registration information, the first mapping relationship, and the second serving satellite, the current access address of the second ground node can be determined.

[0081] For example, in the embodiments of this application, the first encapsulation address determined includes a first source address and a first destination address. The first ground node uses its own access address as the first source address and the current access address of the second ground node as the first destination address to encapsulate the data packet to be forwarded, so that the data packet to be forwarded can be sent to the first service satellite.

[0082] For example, the step of transmitting the data packet to be forwarded to the second ground node according to the first encapsulation address includes:

[0083] The first encapsulation address is parsed, and the satellite identifier of the second service satellite corresponding to the second ground node at the current time is determined by combining the satellite network information.

[0084] The first serving satellite's own satellite identifier is used as the second source address, and the second serving satellite's satellite identifier is used as the second destination address. The data packet to be forwarded is encapsulated to obtain a data packet to be forwarded containing the second encapsulation address. The data packet to be forwarded containing the second encapsulation address is then sent to the second serving satellite, so that the second serving satellite can determine the current access address of the second ground node based on the second encapsulation address, and send the data packet to be forwarded to the second ground node based on the current access address of the second ground node.

[0085] For example, the first encapsulation address includes a first destination address, and the first destination address includes the access network segment of the second serving satellite; the step of parsing the first encapsulation address and determining the satellite identifier of the second serving satellite corresponding to the second ground node at the current time in combination with satellite network information includes:

[0086] The first encapsulated address is parsed to determine the access network segment of the second serving satellite.

[0087] The satellite identifier of the second service satellite is determined based on the access network segment of the second service satellite and the first mapping relationship in the satellite network information. The first mapping relationship includes the correspondence between the satellite identifier of each service satellite and its access network segment.

[0088] For example, after receiving a data packet to be forwarded containing a first encapsulation address, the first serving satellite parses the first destination address; based on the prefix part in the first destination address, the first serving satellite queries the mapping table of satellites and corresponding access network segments, i.e., Table 2 in the above embodiment, to obtain the current serving satellite identifier of the second ground node (i.e., the satellite identifier of the second serving satellite); then, using its own satellite identifier (the satellite identifier of the first serving satellite) as the second source address and the current serving satellite identifier of the second ground node as the second destination address, it encapsulates the data packet to be forwarded to obtain a data packet to be forwarded containing the second encapsulation address, and forwards the data packet.

[0089] For example, when a data packet containing the second encapsulation address is forwarded in the space-based network according to the encapsulated second destination address and finally arrives at the second service satellite, the second service satellite will decapsulate the data packet containing the second encapsulation address and send the data packet to the second ground node according to the destination address of the decapsulated data packet.

[0090] For example, if at time t1 the access network segment of the serving satellite of the second ground node User is prefixA, and User's address information is prefix1.area_id1.device_id1, then the address used by User to communicate with the serving satellite is prefixA.area_id1.device_id1. As the serving satellite continuously switches, the address used by the second ground node to communicate with the serving satellite also changes continuously. If the service duration is t0-t3, the serving satellite is sat1 during the time period t0-t1; sat2 during the time period t1-t2; and sat3 during the time period t2-t3. The access network segments corresponding to sat1, sat2, and sat3 are shown in Table 2. Then the source node GS will generate the following destination node address table 4, and when sending data, it will use the corresponding access address as the destination address. The process of obtaining the source address is similar, and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0091] Table 4. User Access Address Table during t0-t3

[0092] For example, after receiving a data packet from GS, the GS serving satellite will parse the destination address of the data packet, obtain the prefix information from it, and use this information to query the destination satellite identifier; then it will encapsulate the packet with its own identifier as the source address and the destination satellite identifier as the destination address to complete the subsequent transmission.

[0093] For example, after receiving the data packet, the destination satellite (second service satellite) deseals it and sends the data packet to the second ground node according to the destination access node address. The reverse data transmission process from the second ground node to the first ground node is similar to the above data transmission process, and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0094] This embodiment, through the above-described scheme, specifically receives a data packet containing a first encapsulation address sent by a first ground node via a first serving satellite corresponding to the first ground node; and transmits the data packet to the second ground node according to the first encapsulation address. The first encapsulation address is determined by the first ground node based on its registration information, satellite network information, and the geographical location information of the second ground node. This clarifies the mechanism for determining the first encapsulation address of the data packet to be forwarded, enabling the transmission of the data packet to the second ground node based on the first encapsulation address, thus achieving data transmission between ground nodes via a serving satellite.

[0095] Fourth embodiment

[0096] Referring to Figure 7, which is a schematic diagram of the instantiation process of the data transmission method according to the fourth embodiment, this embodiment is based on any of the above embodiments and proposes the fourth embodiment of this application. In this fourth embodiment, the content that is the same as or similar to any of the above embodiments can be referred to the above description and will not be repeated hereafter. Based on this, as shown in Figure 7, in the instantiation process of the data transmission method in this embodiment, region 31 is the region where the first ground node s is located, and region 36 is the region where the second ground node D is located; s and d complete the data transmission process through satellites 1, 2, 3, and 4 on orbits 1 and 2.

[0097] For example, s selects the serving satellite of d at the current communication time based on the geographical location information of d: according to the obtained registration node lookup table, the format of which is shown in Table 1, s can know the identifier of d; by concatenating the area id and device id parts of the identifier with the access network segment prefix of the serving satellite of d, the current access address of d can be obtained; further, s generates a data packet with its own access address as the first source address and d's current access address as the first destination address, and sends it to the corresponding sat1 of s.

[0098] For example, after receiving the data packet, sat1 parses the destination address of the data packet; based on the prefix part in the destination address, sat1 queries the satellite and corresponding access network segment table, i.e., Table 2, to obtain the identifier of the current serving satellite sat3 of d; then, using the identifier of sat1's own satellite as the second source address and the identifier of the current serving satellite sat3 of d as the second destination address, it encapsulates the data packet and forwards the data packet.

[0099] For example, when a data packet is forwarded in the space-based network according to its encapsulated destination address and eventually arrives at the second service satellite sat3, sat3 decapsulates the data packet and sends the data to d according to the destination address of the decapsulated data packet.

[0100] For example, when d receives a data packet, if no data needs to be returned, the communication process ends; if data needs to be exchanged, the source address of the received data packet is extracted, and based on the area id in the source address and the current time point, combined with the satellite orbital position parameters, the current serving satellite of s is determined; then the aforementioned data transmission process is repeated to complete the data return.

[0101] In this application embodiment, a predictable satellite-to-ground routing architecture based on service satellites is provided in the scenario of ubiquitous interconnection services provided by low-Earth orbit satellites. The network information registration node maintains access node information, including node ID and geographical location information; each access node maintains satellite orbital position information and selects source and destination service satellites based on satellite ephemeris and service duration, generating encapsulation addresses; the service satellite completes the encapsulation, forwarding, and decapsulation process of data according to the encapsulation addresses, realizing the data transmission process of ground nodes across space-based networks.

[0102] In this embodiment of the application, the communication process between ground source and destination nodes across the space-based network via tunneling essentially requires determining two layers of addressing: the source and destination addresses corresponding to the first and second ground nodes, and the addresses of the source service satellite (first service satellite) and destination service satellite (second service satellite) encapsulated when crossing the space-based network. To address these two layers of addressing, this embodiment first proposes a satellite-to-ground routing architecture. Based on this, it utilizes the predictable nature of satellite networks and combines it with the geographical characteristics of nodes. Ground nodes are addressed based on geographical location information; source and destination access satellites are selected based on predictable ephemeris and service duration, generating encapsulation addresses; and the encapsulation addresses instruct the satellites to encapsulate ground user data, completing data forwarding.

[0103] This embodiment solves the problem of space-to-ground routing architecture in ubiquitous interconnection scenarios provided by low-Earth orbit satellites through the above-described scheme. A network information registration node maintains access node information, including node ID and geographical location information; each access node maintains satellite orbital position information and selects source and destination service satellites based on predictable ephemeris and service duration, generating encapsulation addresses; the service satellites complete the encapsulation, forwarding, and decapsulation process of data according to the encapsulation addresses, realizing the data transmission process between ground nodes across space-based networks. This architecture achieves space-to-ground network convergence and ensures routing stability.

[0104] Fifth embodiment

[0105] Referring to Figure 8, which is a schematic diagram of the data transmission device provided in an embodiment of this application, the device can be mounted on or is the terminal device in the above-described method embodiments. The data transmission device shown in Figure 8 can be used to perform some or all of the functions in the method embodiments described above. As shown in Figure 8, the data transmission device includes: an acquisition module, used to acquire ground node registration information, satellite network information, and geographical location information of a second ground node; an encapsulation module, used to determine at least one target service satellite and a first encapsulation address based on the ground node registration information, satellite network information, and geographical location information of the second ground node; and a forwarding module, used to encapsulate the data packet to be forwarded according to the first encapsulation address, and send the data packet to be forwarded containing the first encapsulation address to the at least one target service satellite, so that the at least one target service satellite transmits the data packet to be forwarded to the second ground node according to the first encapsulation address.

[0106] For example, the satellite network information includes satellite orbital position information and a first mapping relationship, wherein the first mapping relationship includes the correspondence between the satellite identifier of each serving satellite and its access network segment.

[0107] For example, the at least one target service satellite includes a first service satellite corresponding to the first ground node and a second service satellite corresponding to the second ground node. The first encapsulation address includes a first source address and a first destination address. The step of determining at least one service satellite and the first encapsulation address based on the ground node registration information, satellite network information, and the geographical location information of the second ground node includes: determining the first service satellite corresponding to the first ground node at the current time based on the satellite orbital position information and the geographical location information of the first ground node; determining the second service satellite corresponding to the second ground node at the current time based on the satellite orbital position information and the geographical location information of the second ground node; determining the access address of the first ground node based on the ground node registration information, the first mapping relationship, and the first service satellite; determining the current access address of the second ground node based on the ground node registration information, the first mapping relationship, and the second service satellite; using the access address of the first ground node as the first source address and the current access address of the second ground node as the first destination address.

[0108] For example, the ground node registration information includes the correspondence between the node identifiers of various ground nodes and their geographical locations. The step of determining the access address of the first ground node based on the ground node registration information, the first mapping relationship, and the first serving satellite includes: determining the first node identifier information corresponding to the first ground node based on the ground node registration information and the geographical location information of the first ground node, wherein the first node identifier information includes a first area identifier and a first device identifier; determining the access network segment of the first serving satellite based on the first node identifier information and the first mapping relationship; and obtaining the access address of the first ground node based on the first area identifier, the first device identifier, and the access network segment of the first serving satellite.

[0109] For example, the step of determining the current access address of the second ground node based on the ground node registration information, the first mapping relationship, and the second service satellite includes: determining the second node identification information corresponding to the second ground node based on the ground node registration information and the geographical location information of the second ground node, wherein the second node identification information includes a second area identifier and a second device identifier; determining the access network segment of the second service satellite based on the second node identification information and the first mapping relationship; and obtaining the current access address of the second ground node based on the second area identifier, the second device identifier, and the access network segment of the second service satellite.

[0110] For example, before the step of obtaining the ground node registration information, satellite network information, and geographical location information of the second ground node, the method further includes: sending the node information of the first ground node to the registration node, wherein the node information is used by the registration node to perform node addressing based on the node information and generate the first node identification information to form a correspondence between the first node identification information and the geographical location information of the first ground node; wherein the node information includes node type, area identifier, and device identifier, and the registration node includes at least one of registration server, ground node, and service satellite.

[0111] The data transmission device provided in this application embodiment is similar in implementation principle and beneficial effect to the technical solution shown in the corresponding method embodiment above, and will not be described again here.

[0112] Furthermore, this application embodiment also provides a network device, the network device including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the computer program being configured to implement the steps of the data transmission method as described above.

[0113] Furthermore, this application embodiment also provides a storage medium, which is a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the data transmission method described above.

[0114] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or system that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or system. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or system that includes that element.

[0115] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) as described above, and includes several instructions to cause a terminal device (which may be a mobile phone, computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0116] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and do not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A data transmission method, applied to a first ground node, comprising: Obtain ground node registration information, satellite network information, and the geographical location information of the second ground node; Based on the ground node registration information, satellite network information, and geographical location information of the second ground node, at least one target service satellite and a first encapsulation address are determined; The data packet to be forwarded is encapsulated according to the first encapsulation address, and the data packet containing the first encapsulation address is sent to the at least one target service satellite, so that the at least one target service satellite transmits the data packet to be forwarded to the second ground node according to the first encapsulation address.

2. The data transmission method as described in claim 1, wherein, The satellite network information includes satellite orbital position information and a first mapping relationship, wherein the first mapping relationship includes the correspondence between the satellite identifier of each serving satellite and its access network segment.

3. The data transmission method as described in claim 2, wherein, The at least one target serving satellite includes a first serving satellite corresponding to the first ground node and a second serving satellite corresponding to the second ground node. The first encapsulation address includes a first source address and a first destination address. The step of determining at least one serving satellite and the first encapsulation address based on the ground node registration information, satellite network information, and geographical location information of the second ground node includes: The first service satellite corresponding to the first ground node at the current time is determined based on the satellite orbital position information and the geographical location information of the first ground node; and the second service satellite corresponding to the second ground node at the current time is determined based on the satellite orbital position information and the geographical location information of the second ground node. Based on the ground node registration information, the first mapping relationship, and the first service satellite, determine the access address of the first ground node, and based on the ground node registration information, the first mapping relationship, and the second service satellite, determine the current access address of the second ground node. The first ground node's own access address is used as the first source address, and the second ground node's current access address is used as the first destination address.

4. The data transmission method as described in claim 3, wherein, The ground node registration information includes the correspondence between the node identifiers of various ground nodes and their geographical locations. The step of determining the access address of the first ground node based on the ground node registration information, the first mapping relationship, and the first service satellite includes: The first node identification information corresponding to the first ground node is determined based on the ground node registration information and the geographical location information of the first ground node, wherein the first node identification information includes a first area identifier and a first device identifier; The access network segment of the first serving satellite is determined based on the first node identification information and the first mapping relationship; The first ground node's own access address is obtained based on the first area identifier, the first device identifier, and the access network segment of the first service satellite.

5. The data transmission method as described in claim 3, wherein, The step of determining the current access address of the second ground node based on the ground node registration information, the first mapping relationship, and the second service satellite includes: The second node identification information corresponding to the second ground node is determined based on the ground node registration information and the geographical location information of the second ground node, wherein the second node identification information includes a second area identifier and a second device identifier; The access network segment of the second service satellite is determined based on the second node identification information and the first mapping relationship; The current access address of the second ground node is obtained based on the second area identifier, the second device identifier, and the access network segment of the second service satellite.

6. The data transmission method as described in claim 4, wherein, Before the steps of obtaining ground node registration information, satellite network information, and the geographical location information of the second ground node, the method further includes: The node information of the first ground node is sent to the registration node. The node information is used by the registration node to perform node addressing based on the node information and generate the first node identification information to form a correspondence between the first node identification information and the geographical location information of the first ground node. The node information includes node type, region identifier, and device identifier, and the registered node includes at least one of a registration server, a ground node, and a service satellite.

7. A data transmission method, wherein, The method is applied to the first serving satellite corresponding to the first ground node, including: Receive the data packet to be forwarded, which contains the first encapsulation address, sent by the first ground node; The data packet to be forwarded is transmitted to the second ground node according to the first encapsulation address, wherein the first encapsulation address is determined by the first ground node based on the ground node registration information, satellite network information and the geographical location information of the second ground node.

8. The data transmission method as described in claim 7, wherein, The step of transmitting the data packet to be forwarded to the second ground node according to the first encapsulation address includes: The first encapsulation address is parsed, and the satellite identifier of the second service satellite corresponding to the second ground node at the current time is determined by combining the satellite network information. The first serving satellite's own satellite identifier is used as the second source address, and the second serving satellite's satellite identifier is used as the second destination address. The data packet to be forwarded is encapsulated to obtain a data packet to be forwarded containing the second encapsulation address. The data packet to be forwarded containing the second encapsulation address is then sent to the second serving satellite, so that the second serving satellite can determine the current access address of the second ground node based on the second encapsulation address, and send the data packet to be forwarded to the second ground node based on the current access address of the second ground node.

9. The data transmission method as described in claim 8, wherein, The first encapsulation address includes a first destination address, which includes the access network segment of the second serving satellite; the step of parsing the first encapsulation address and determining the satellite identifier of the second serving satellite corresponding to the second ground node at the current time in combination with satellite network information includes: The first encapsulated address is parsed to determine the access network segment of the second serving satellite; The satellite identifier of the second service satellite is determined based on the access network segment of the second service satellite and the first mapping relationship in the satellite network information. The first mapping relationship includes the correspondence between the satellite identifier of each service satellite and its access network segment.

10. A network device, wherein, The network device includes: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the computer program being configured to implement the steps of the data transmission method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 or the data transmission method as described in any one of claims 7 to 9.

11. A storage medium, wherein, The storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, and a computer program is stored on the storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the data transmission method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 or the data transmission method as described in any one of claims 7 to 9.

12. A computer program product, wherein, The computer program product includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the data transmission method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 or the data transmission method as described in any one of claims 7 to 9.

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