Communication method and apparatus

Abstract

The present application provides a communication method and an apparatus. The communication method comprises: generating a PPDU, wherein the PPDU comprises N first parts, the N first parts correspond to N first STAs on a one-to-one basis, each of the N first parts comprises a first carrier signal, the first carrier signal comprised in each of the N first parts is used for a corresponding first STA to send a first backscattered signal, and N is a positive integer; and sending the PPDU. An AP or a carrier source device generates a PPDU on the basis of the number of users (i.e., STAs), and the PPDU carries carrier signal resources corresponding to the number of the users, so that the users can generate backscattered signals after obtaining the carrier signal resources, thereby realizing flexible configuration and full utilization of carrier signal resources in PPDUs.

Description

Communication method and apparatus

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202410877836.3, filed on June 28, 2024, entitled “Communication method and apparatus”, the Chinese patent application No. 202410914917.6, filed on July 08, 2024, entitled “Communication method and apparatus”, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and more particularly, to a communication method and apparatus. BACKGROUND

[0003] An ambient power-Internet of things (AMP IoT) device collects ambient energy from radio waves, light, motion, heat, or other available ambient energy sources, so that it can remove the traditional battery. Combining AMP IoT with Wi-Fi technology can realize a new type of Internet of Things service, which can be applied to smart home, indoor positioning, internal logistics and warehousing, smart manufacturing, etc. Compared with traditional Wi-Fi services, the typical peak power of the AMP device is less than 1 milliwatt (considering the size limitation of the device), which is much lower than the power consumption of tens to hundreds of milliwatts of traditional Wi-Fi devices. Radio frequency identification (RFID) is a non-contact automatic identification technology that automatically identifies target objects and obtains related data through radio frequency signals. The identification work does not require human intervention. That is, RFID transmits data between different devices in a wireless or non-contact manner through electromagnetic waves.

[0004] In the current AMP and RFID scenarios, the physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) format and bandwidth carrying the carrier signal resource are fixed and cannot be flexibly configured. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a communication method and apparatus, which carries N carrier signals in the transmitted and received PPDU, thereby flexibly configuring the PPDU and bandwidth.

[0006] In a first aspect, a communication method is provided. In some implementations, the method can be performed by an AP. In the absence of specific description, "AP" in the present application can refer to an AP itself, a component (e.g., a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.) in the AP, or a logic module or software capable of realizing all or part of the functions of the AP device. The AP can be an AMP AP or an RFID AP. In some other implementations, the method can be performed by a carrier source device. In the absence of specific description, "carrier source device" in the present application can refer to a carrier source device itself, a component (e.g., a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.) in the carrier source device, or a logic module or software capable of realizing all or part of the functions of the carrier source device device.

[0007] The method includes generating a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU), the PPDU including N first parts, the N first parts corresponding to N first STAs one-to-one, each of the N first parts including a first carrier signal, each of the N first parts including a first carrier signal for a corresponding first STA to send a first backscatter signal, where N is a positive integer. In the method, the PPDU can be referred to as a reader PPDU, or the PPDU can be named by other names, which are not limited in the present application. The AP or the carrier source device generates the PPDU according to the number of users (i.e., STAs), and the PPDU carries carrier signal resources corresponding to the number of users, so that the users can generate backscatter signals after obtaining the carrier signal resources, thereby realizing flexible configuration of the carrier signal resources in the PPDU and full utilization.

[0008] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, at least one of the N first parts further includes a first signaling signal, the first signaling signal included in the at least one first part being used to indicate a type of the PPDU. The signaling signal can be 1 bit. The signaling signal can indicate, by a first value, that the PPDU is a reader PPDU, to distinguish the PPDU from a downlink (DL) PPDU and other PPDUs.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, at least one of the N first parts further includes a first reference signal, the first reference signal included in the at least one first part being used for channel estimation by an access point (AP). The channel can specifically refer to a leakage channel. That is, after the PPDU is sent, in addition to the STAs receiving the PPDU, the AP also receives the PPDU and estimates the leakage channel according to the first reference signal included in the PPDU.

[0010] In some implementations of the first aspect, the at least one of the N first parts further comprises a first synchronization signal, and the first synchronization signal comprised in the at least one of the N first parts is used to indicate a starting time of the first carrier signal comprised in the corresponding first part. Thus, the STA can obtain the time position of the first carrier signal accurately after receiving the first synchronization signal, and make full use of the carrier signal resource. In addition, the AP can also obtain the time position of the first carrier signal accurately after receiving the first synchronization signal.

[0011] In some implementations of the first aspect, the first synchronization signal comprises: a non-OFDM (non-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) symbol; or any one of an OOK (on-off keying) symbol, an ASK (amplitude shift keying) symbol, a PSK (phase shift keying) symbol, or an FSK (frequency shift keying) symbol; or an MC-OOK (multi-carrier on-off keying) symbol. Thus, the power consumption and complexity of generating the synchronization signal are reduced.

[0012] In some implementations of the first aspect, the PPDU further comprises a second part, and the second part comprises a second carrier signal used by a second STA to send a second backscatter signal, and the second part is non-overlapped with the N first parts in the time domain. Thus, the PPDU resource is flexibly configured, and the length of the PPDU frame format is configurable.

[0013] In some implementations of the first aspect, the second part further comprises a second synchronization signal and / or a second reference signal, and the second reference signal is used by the AP to perform channel estimation, and the second synchronization signal is used to indicate a starting time of the second carrier signal. When the second part comprises the second reference signal, the AP can perform estimation on the leakage channel with time variability according to the first reference signal and the second reference signal.

[0014] In some implementations of the first aspect, when N is greater than or equal to 2, any two of the N first parts are non-overlapped in the frequency domain. By frequency division multiplexing the PPDU, the carrier signal resource is provided for multiple users by using one PPDU, and the PPDU resource is fully utilized.

[0015] In some implementations of the first aspect, two adjacent first parts of the N first parts have a first interval in the frequency domain. Thus, the interference in the channel is avoided.

[0016] In some implementations of the first aspect, the PPDU has a second interval between a frequency domain starting position of the PPDU and a frequency domain starting position of the N first parts, and / or the PPDU has a third interval between a frequency domain ending position of the PPDU and a frequency domain ending position of the N first parts. Thus, the interference between channels is avoided.

[0017] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, wherein: two adjacent first parts of the N first parts have a first interval in the frequency domain; there is a second interval between a frequency domain start position of the PPDU and a frequency domain start position of the N first parts, and / or there is a third interval between a frequency domain end position of the PPDU and a frequency domain end position of the N first parts; the first interval is greater than the second interval and / or the first interval is greater than the second interval. Thereby further avoiding inter-channel and intra-channel interference.

[0018] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, wherein the N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth, when N = 1 and the first bandwidth is 1 MHz, the N first parts are carried on a first set of non-zero input subcarriers, and an index of the first set of non-zero input subcarriers is {-1, 1}. Thereby avoiding distortion of the transmitted PPDU, avoiding spectral expansion interference and in-band signal distortion, and improving system performance.

[0019] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, wherein: the N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth, when N = 1 and the first bandwidth is 2 MHz, the N first parts are carried on a first set of non-zero input subcarriers, and an index of the first set of non-zero input subcarriers is {-3, -1, 1, 3} or {-3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3}. Thereby avoiding distortion of the transmitted PPDU, avoiding spectral expansion interference and in-band signal distortion, and improving system performance.

[0020] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, wherein: the N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth, when N = 1 and the first bandwidth is 4 MHz, the N first parts are carried on a first set of non-zero input subcarriers, and an index of the first set of non-zero input subcarriers is {-6, -4, -2, 2, 4, 6} or {-6, -5, -4, -3, -2, -1, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}. Thereby avoiding distortion of the transmitted PPDU, avoiding spectral expansion interference and in-band signal distortion, and improving system performance.

[0021] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, wherein: the N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth, when N = 1 and the first bandwidth is 6 MHz, the N first parts are carried on a first set of non-zero input subcarriers, and an index of the first set of non-zero input subcarriers is {-9, -7, -5, -3, -1, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9} or {-9, -8, -7, -6, -5, -4, -3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}.

[0022] In some implementations of the first aspect, corresponding to the first aspect, wherein: the N first parts correspond to the first bandwidth, when N=1 and the first bandwidth is 8MHz, the N first parts are carried on a first set of non-zero input subcarriers, and indexes of the first set of non-zero input subcarriers are {-12, -10, -8, -6, -4, -2, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12} or {-12, -11, -10, -9, -8, -7, -6, -5, -4, -3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12}. Thus, the transmitted PPDU is prevented from being distorted, the spectrum spreading interference and the in-band signal distortion are avoided, and the system performance is improved.

[0023] In some implementations of the first aspect, corresponding to the first aspect, wherein: the N first parts correspond to the first bandwidth, when N=2 and the first bandwidth is 1MHz, the N first parts are carried on a first set of non-zero input subcarriers, and indexes of the first set of non-zero input subcarriers are {-17, -15, 15, 17}. Thus, the transmitted PPDU is prevented from being distorted, the spectrum spreading interference and the in-band signal distortion are avoided, and the system performance is improved.

[0024] In some implementations of the first aspect, corresponding to the first aspect, wherein: the N first parts correspond to the first bandwidth, when N=2 and the first bandwidth is 2MHz, the N first parts are carried on a first set of non-zero input subcarriers, and indexes of the first set of non-zero input subcarriers are {-19, -17, -15, -13, 13, 15, 17, 19} or {-19, -18, -17, -15, -14, -13, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19}. Thus, the transmitted PPDU is prevented from being distorted, the spectrum spreading interference and the in-band signal distortion are avoided, and the system performance is improved.

[0025] In some implementations of the first aspect, corresponding to the first aspect, wherein: the N first parts correspond to the first bandwidth, when N=2 and the first bandwidth is 4MHz, the N first parts are carried on a first set of non-zero input subcarriers, and indexes of the first set of non-zero input subcarriers are {-22, -20, -18, -14, -12, -10, 10, 12, 14, 18, 20, 22} or {-22, -21 -20, -19, -18, -17, -15, -14, -13, -12, -11, -10, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22}. Thus, the transmitted PPDU is prevented from being distorted, the spectrum spreading interference and the in-band signal distortion are avoided, and the system performance is improved.

[0026] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the N first parts correspond to the first bandwidth, and when N=2 and the first bandwidth is 6MHz, the N first parts are carried on a first set of non-zero input subcarriers, and indexes of the first set of non-zero input subcarriers are {-25, -23, -21, -19, -17, -15, -13, -11, -9, -7, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25} or {-25, -24, -23, -22, -21, -20, -19, -18, -17, -15, -14, -13, -12, -11, -10, -9, -8, -7, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25}. Thus, distortion of a transmitted PPDU is avoided, spectrum spreading interference and in-band signal distortion are avoided, and system performance is improved.

[0027] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the N first parts include N third reference signals, the N third reference signals correspond to the N first parts one by one, and the third reference signals are used for channel estimation by the AP; the N first parts correspond to the first bandwidth, and when N=1 and the first bandwidth is 2MHz, coefficients of non-zero input subcarriers corresponding to the N third reference signals are one of the following or the following multiplied by -1: {-1 -1 -1 1}, {-1 1 -1 -1}, {-1 1 1 1}, {-1 -1 1 -1}, or {-1 -1 -1 1 -1 1}, {-1 1 -1 1 1 1}. Thus, the purpose of minimizing PAPR is achieved.

[0028] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the N first parts include N third reference signals, the N third reference signals correspond to the N first parts one by one, and the third reference signals are used for channel estimation by the AP; the N first parts correspond to the first bandwidth, and when N=1 and the first bandwidth is 4MHz, coefficients of non-zero input subcarriers corresponding to the N third reference signals are one of the following or the following multiplied by -1: {-1 -1 -1 1 -1 1}, {-1 1 -1 1 1 1}, {-1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1}, or {-1 -1 -1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1}. Thus, the purpose of minimizing PAPR is achieved.

[0029] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, wherein: the N first portions include N third reference signals, the N third reference signals correspond to the N first portions one-to-one, and the third reference signals are used by the AP for channel estimation; the N first portions correspond to a first bandwidth, and when N = 1 and the first bandwidth is 6MHz, a coefficient of non-zero input subcarriers corresponding to the N third reference signals is one of the following or the following multiplied by -1: {-1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1 1}, {-1 1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1}, {-1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 1 1 1}, {-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1}, {-1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1}, or {-1 -1 -1 1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1}. Thus, the purpose of minimizing PAPR is achieved.

[0030] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the N first parts comprise N third reference signals, the N third reference signals correspond to the N first parts one by one, the third reference signals are used for channel estimation by the AP; the N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth, when N=2 and the first bandwidth is 2MHz, the coefficients of the non-zero input subcarriers corresponding to the N third reference signals are one of the following or the following multiplied by minus one: {-1 -1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 -1}, {-1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1}, {-1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 1 1}, {-1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1}, {-1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1}, {-1 1 1 1 -1 -1 1 -1}, {-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 -1}, {-1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1}, {-1 1 -1 -1 1 1 1 -1}, {-1 -1 -1 -1 1 -1 -1 1}, {-1 -1 -1 1 1 1 -1 1}, {-1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1 1}, {-1 1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1}, {-1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 1}, {-1 1 -1 1 1 1 -1 -1}, {-1 1 1 1 -1 1 -1 -1}, {-1 -1 1 1 1 -1 1 -1}, {-1 1 1 -1 1 1 1 1}, {-1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 1}, {-1 -1 1 -1 1 1 1 -1}, {-1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1}, {-1 1 1 1 1 1 -1 1}, {-1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 -1}, {-1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1}, {-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1 -1 -1 1 -1}, or {-1 1 -1 -1 1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1}. Thus, the purpose of minimizing PAPR is achieved.

[0031] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the N first parts include N third reference signals, the N third reference signals correspond to the N first parts one by one, and the third reference signals are used by the AP for channel estimation; the N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth, when N=2 and the first bandwidth is 4MHz, coefficients of non-zero input subcarriers corresponding to the N third reference signals are one of the following or the following multiplied by -1: {-1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1}, {-1 1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 -1}, {-1 -1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1 -1}, {-1 -1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1}, {-1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1 1 -1}, {-1 1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1 1 1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 -1}, {-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 -1}, or {-1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1}. Thus, the purpose of minimizing PAPR is achieved.

[0032] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the N first parts include N third reference signals, the N third reference signals correspond to the N first parts one by one, and the third reference signals are used by the AP to perform channel estimation; the N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth, and when N=2 and the first bandwidth is 6MHz, coefficients of non-zero subcarriers corresponding to the N third reference signals are one of the following or the following multiplied by negative one: {-1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 1}, {-1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1}, {-1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1}, {-1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1}, {-1 -1 1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1}, {-1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1 1 -1 -1}, {-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1}, or {-1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1}. Thus, the purpose of minimizing PAPR is achieved.

[0033] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth, and the first bandwidth is less than or equal to 20MHz. Thus, the N first parts in the PPDU are effectively transmitted in the channel.

[0034] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the first bandwidth includes a sum of corresponding bandwidths of N first carrier signals and N-1 first intervals, the N first carrier signals are included in the N first parts, and a first interval in the N-1 first intervals is an interval in a frequency domain between two adjacent first parts in the N first parts.

[0035] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the N first parts include N third reference signals, the N first parts correspond to the N third reference signals one by one, and the third reference signals are used by the AP to perform channel estimation; the N third reference signals correspond to a plurality of first non-zero input subcarriers and a plurality of second non-zero input subcarriers, the plurality of first non-zero input subcarriers are located on a high-frequency side of a center frequency point of the PPDU, the plurality of second non-zero input subcarriers are located on a low-frequency side of the center frequency point of the PPDU, when a sum of a number of the plurality of first non-zero subcarriers and a number of the plurality of second non-zero subcarriers is greater than 28, a coefficient of the plurality of first non-zero input subcarriers is equal to a coefficient of the plurality of second non-zero input subcarriers, or the coefficient of the plurality of first non-zero input subcarriers is equal to the coefficient of the plurality of second non-zero input subcarriers multiplied by -1. Thus, the purpose of minimizing the PAPR is achieved.

[0036] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the method further includes: sending first information, the first information being used to indicate a starting time of a carrier signal included in at least one of the N first parts. The AP can send the first information through a medium access control (MAC) layer, so that the STA can obtain the time position of the first carrier signal after receiving the first information, and fully utilize the carrier signal resource.

[0037] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the PPDU includes a preamble, the preamble is used by the first device to perform channel avoidance, and the preamble is located before the first synchronization signal and the first carrier signal in a frame format; or the PPDU does not include the preamble. When the PPDU includes the preamble, the preamble is used by the first device to perform channel avoidance, and the first device is a wireless device other than the AP. In addition, the preamble is also used to ensure coexistence and compatibility with a legacy wireless device. When the PPDU does not include the preamble, for example, a device (for example, a carrier source device) that sends the PPDU does not have the capability to send the preamble, and the preamble can be sent by another device (for example, the AP) to enable other wireless devices to perform channel avoidance.

[0038] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the preamble includes at least one of the following: a long training sequence, a short training sequence, a binary phase shift keying (BPSK) marker, or signaling. Thus, after the wireless device receives the preamble, the wireless device can effectively identify the preamble.

[0039] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the method is applied to the AP, the AP includes a first antenna and a second antenna, and wherein: the transmitting the PPDU includes transmitting, by the AP, the PPDU via the first antenna; and the method further includes receiving, by the AP, the first backscatter signal from the first STA via the second antenna. That is, the communication method is applicable to a close-range backscatter scenario.

[0040] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the method is applied to the second device, and the method further includes receiving second information from the AP, the second information being used to trigger the second device to transmit the PPDU. The second device can specifically refer to a carrier source device, and the AP can control the carrier source device to transmit the PPDU via the trigger information (i.e., the second information).

[0041] In a second aspect, a communication method is provided. In some implementations, the method can be performed by a STA. In the absence of a specific description, "STA" in the present application can refer to the STA itself, a component (e.g., a processor, a chip, or a chip system) in the STA, or a logic module or software capable of realizing all or part of the STA device function. The STA can be an AMP STA or an RFID STA. In some implementations, the method can be performed by an AP. In the absence of a specific description, "AP" in the present application can refer to the AP itself, a component (e.g., a processor, a chip, or a chip system) in the AP, or a logic module or software capable of realizing all or part of the AP device function. The AP can be an AMP AP or an RFID AP.

[0042] The method includes: receiving a PPDU, the PPDU including N first parts, the N first parts corresponding to N first STAs in a one-to-one manner, each of the N first parts including a first carrier signal, and each of the N first parts including a first carrier signal for a corresponding first STA to transmit a first backscatter signal, where N is a positive integer; and parsing the PPDU. Thus, a user can generate a backscatter signal after obtaining a carrier signal resource, and the user can fully utilize the carrier signal resource in the PPDU.

[0043] With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, at least one of the N first parts further includes a first signaling signal, and the first signaling signal included in the at least one first part is used to indicate a type of the PPDU. The signaling signal can be 1 bit. The signaling signal can indicate, via a first value, that the PPDU is a reader PPDU, so as to be distinguished from a downlink (DL) PPDU and other PPDUs.

[0044] In some implementations of the second aspect, in combination with the second aspect, at least one of the N first parts further comprises a first reference signal, and the first reference signal comprised in the at least one of the N first parts is used for channel estimation by an access point (AP). The channel can be a leakage channel. That is, after the PPDU is transmitted, in addition to the STA receiving the PPDU, the AP also receives the PPDU and estimates the leakage channel based on the first reference signal comprised in the PPDU.

[0045] In some implementations of the second aspect, in combination with the second aspect, at least one of the N first parts further comprises a first synchronization signal, and the first synchronization signal comprised in the at least one of the N first parts is used to indicate a starting time of the first carrier signal comprised in the corresponding first part. Thus, after receiving the first synchronization signal, the STA can accurately obtain the time position of the first carrier signal and fully utilize the carrier signal resource. In addition, after receiving the first synchronization signal, the AP can also accurately obtain the time position of the first carrier signal.

[0046] In some implementations of the second aspect, in combination with the second aspect, the first synchronization signal comprises: a non-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (non-OFDM) symbol; or any one of an on-off keying (OOK) symbol, an amplitude shift keying (ASK) symbol, a phase shift keying (PSK) symbol, or a frequency shift keying (FSK) symbol; or a multicarrier on-off keying (MC-OOK) symbol. Thus, the power consumption and complexity of generating the synchronization signal are reduced.

[0047] In some implementations of the second aspect, in combination with the second aspect, the PPDU further comprises a second part, and the second part comprises a second carrier signal, the second carrier signal is used for a second STA to transmit a second backscatter signal, and the second part does not overlap with the N first parts in the time domain. Thus, flexible configuration of the PPDU resource and length-configurable PPDU frame format are achieved.

[0048] In some implementations of the second aspect, in combination with the second aspect, the second part further comprises a second synchronization signal and / or a second reference signal, the second reference signal is used for channel estimation by the AP, and the second synchronization signal is used to indicate a starting time of the second carrier signal. When the second part comprises the second reference signal, the AP can estimate the leakage channel with time variability based on the first reference signal and the second reference signal.

[0049] In some implementations of the second aspect, in combination with the second aspect, when N is greater than or equal to 2, any two of the N first parts do not overlap in the frequency domain. By frequency division multiplexing the PPDU, carrier signal resources are provided for multiple users using one PPDU, and the PPDU resource is fully utilized.

[0050] In some implementations of the second aspect, two adjacent first parts of the N first parts have a first interval in the frequency domain. Thus, intra-channel interference is avoided.

[0051] In some implementations of the second aspect, the frequency domain start position of the PPDU has a second interval from the frequency domain start position of the N first parts, and / or the frequency domain end position of the PPDU has a third interval from the frequency domain end position of the N first parts. Thus, inter-channel interference is avoided.

[0052] In some implementations of the second aspect, wherein: two adjacent first parts of the N first parts have a first interval in the frequency domain; the frequency domain start position of the PPDU has a second interval from the frequency domain start position of the N first parts, and / or the frequency domain end position of the PPDU has a third interval from the frequency domain end position of the N first parts; the first interval is greater than the second interval and / or the first interval is greater than the third interval. Thus, intra-channel and inter-channel interference is further avoided.

[0053] In some implementations of the second aspect, wherein the N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth, when N = 1 and the first bandwidth is 1 MHz, the N first parts are carried on a first set of non-zero input subcarriers, and the first set of non-zero input subcarriers has an index of {-1, 1}. Thus, distortion of the transmitted PPDU is avoided, spectral spreading interference and in-band signal distortion are avoided, and system performance is improved.

[0054] In some implementations of the second aspect, wherein: the N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth, when N = 1 and the first bandwidth is 2 MHz, the N first parts are carried on a first set of non-zero input subcarriers, and the first set of non-zero input subcarriers has an index of {-3, -1, 1, 3} or {-3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3}. Thus, distortion of the transmitted PPDU is avoided, spectral spreading interference and in-band signal distortion are avoided, and system performance is improved.

[0055] In some implementations of the second aspect, wherein: the N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth, when N = 1 and the first bandwidth is 4 MHz, the N first parts are carried on a first set of non-zero input subcarriers, and the first set of non-zero input subcarriers has an index of {-6, -4, -2, 2, 4, 6} or {-6, -5, -4, -3, -2, -1, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}. Thus, distortion of the transmitted PPDU is avoided, spectral spreading interference and in-band signal distortion are avoided, and system performance is improved.

[0056] In some implementations of the second aspect, corresponding to the second aspect, wherein: the N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth, when N = 1 and the first bandwidth is 6MHz, the N first parts are carried on a first set of non-zero input subcarriers, and indexes of the first set of non-zero input subcarriers are {-9, -7, -5, -3, -1, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9} or {-9, -8, -7, -6, -5, -4, -3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}.

[0057] In some implementations of the second aspect, corresponding to the second aspect, wherein: the N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth, when N = 1 and the first bandwidth is 8MHz, the N first parts are carried on a first set of non-zero input subcarriers, and indexes of the first set of non-zero input subcarriers are {-12, -10, -8, -6, -4, -2, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12} or {-12, -11, -10, -9, -8, -7, -6, -5, -4, -3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12}. Thus, the transmitted PPDU is prevented from being distorted, the spectrum spreading interference and the in-band signal distortion are avoided, and the system performance is improved.

[0058] In some implementations of the second aspect, corresponding to the second aspect, wherein: the N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth, when N = 2 and the first bandwidth is 1MHz, the N first parts are carried on a first set of non-zero input subcarriers, and indexes of the first set of non-zero input subcarriers are {-17, -15, 15, 17}. Thus, the transmitted PPDU is prevented from being distorted, the spectrum spreading interference and the in-band signal distortion are avoided, and the system performance is improved.

[0059] In some implementations of the second aspect, corresponding to the second aspect, wherein: the N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth, when N = 2 and the first bandwidth is 2MHz, the N first parts are carried on a first set of non-zero input subcarriers, and indexes of the first set of non-zero input subcarriers are {-19, -17, -15, -13, 13, 15, 17, 19} or {-19, -18, -17, -15, -14, -13, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19}. Thus, the transmitted PPDU is prevented from being distorted, the spectrum spreading interference and the in-band signal distortion are avoided, and the system performance is improved.

[0060] In some implementations of the second aspect, corresponding to the second aspect, wherein: the N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth, when N=2 and the first bandwidth is 4MHz, the N first parts are carried on a first set of non-zero input subcarriers, and indexes of the first set of non-zero input subcarriers are {-22, -20, -18, -14, -12, -10, 10, 12, 14, 18, 20, 22} or {-22, -21, -20, -19, -18, -17, -15, -14, -13, -12, -11, -10, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22}. Thus, distortion of a transmitted PPDU is avoided, spectrum spreading interference and in-band signal distortion are avoided, and system performance is improved.

[0061] In some implementations of the second aspect, corresponding to the second aspect, wherein: the N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth, when N=2 and the first bandwidth is 6MHz, the N first parts are carried on a first set of non-zero input subcarriers, and indexes of the first set of non-zero input subcarriers are {-25, -23, -21, -19, -17, -15, -13, -11, -9, -7, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25} or {-25, -24, -23, -22, -21, -20, -19, -18, -17, -15, -14, -13, -12, -11, -10, -9, -8, -7, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25}. Thus, distortion of a transmitted PPDU is avoided, spectrum spreading interference and in-band signal distortion are avoided, and system performance is improved.

[0062] In some implementations of the second aspect, corresponding to the second aspect, wherein: the N first parts include N third reference signals, the N third reference signals correspond to the N first parts one by one, and the third reference signals are used for channel estimation by the AP; the N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth, when N=1 and the first bandwidth is 2MHz, coefficients of non-zero input subcarriers corresponding to the N third reference signals are one of the following or the following multiplied by -1: {-1 -1 -1 1}, {-1 1 -1 -1}, {-1 1 1 1}, {-1 -1 1 -1}, or {-1 -1 -1 1 -1 1}, {-1 1 -1 1 1 1}. Thus, a purpose of minimizing PAPR is achieved.

[0063] In some implementations of the second aspect, the N first parts include N third reference signals, the N third reference signals correspond to the N first parts one by one, and the third reference signals are used for channel estimation by the AP; the N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth, and when N = 1 and the first bandwidth is 4 MHz, coefficients of non-zero input subcarriers corresponding to the N third reference signals are one of the following or the one multiplied by -1: {-1 -1 -1 1 -1 1}, {-1 1 -1 1 1 1}, {-1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1}, or {-1 -1 -1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1}. Thus, the PAPR is minimized.

[0064] In some implementations of the second aspect, the N first parts include N third reference signals, the N third reference signals correspond to the N first parts one by one, and the third reference signals are used for channel estimation by the AP; the N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth, and when N = 1 and the first bandwidth is 6 MHz, coefficients of non-zero input subcarriers corresponding to the N third reference signals are one of the following or the one multiplied by -1: {-1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1 1}, {-1 1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1}, {-1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 1 1 1}, {-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1}, {-1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1}, or {-1 -1 -1 1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1}. Thus, the PAPR is minimized.

[0065] In some implementations of the second aspect, the N first parts include N third reference signals, the N third reference signals correspond to the N first parts one by one, the third reference signals are used by the AP to perform channel estimation, the N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth, when N=2 and the first bandwidth is 2MHz, coefficients of non-zero input subcarriers corresponding to the N third reference signals are one of the following or the following multiplied by -1: {-1 -1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 -1}, {-1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1}, {-1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 1 1}, {-1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1}, {-1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1}, {-1 1 1 1 -1 -1 1 -1}, {-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 -1}, {-1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1}, {-1 1 -1 -1 1 1 1 -1}, {-1 -1 -1 -1 1 -1 -1 1}, {-1 -1 -1 1 1 1 -1 1}, {-1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1 1}, {-1 1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1}, {-1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 1}, {-1 1 -1 1 1 1 -1 -1}, {-1 1 1 1 -1 1 -1 -1}, {-1 -1 1 1 1 -1 1 -1}, {-1 1 1 -1 1 1 1 1}, {-1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 1}, {-1 -1 1 -1 1 1 1 -1}, {-1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1}, {-1 1 1 1 1 1 -1 1}, {-1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 -1}, {-1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1}, {-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1 -1 -1 1 -1}, or {-1 1 -1 -1 1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1}. Thus, the purpose of minimizing PAPR is achieved.

[0066] In some embodiments of the second aspect, the N first parts include N third reference signals, the N third reference signals correspond to the N first parts one by one, the third reference signals are used for channel estimation by the AP; the N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth, when N=2 and the first bandwidth is 4MHz, coefficients of non-zero input subcarriers corresponding to the N third reference signals are one of the following or the following multiplied by negative one: {-1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1}, {-1 1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 -1}, {-1 -1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1 -1}, {-1 -1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1}, {-1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1 1 -1}, {-1 1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1 1 1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 -1}, {-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 -1}, or {-1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1}. Thus, the purpose of minimizing PAPR is achieved.

[0067] In some embodiments of the second aspect, the N first parts include N third reference signals, the N third reference signals correspond to the N first parts one by one, and the third reference signals are used by the AP to perform channel estimation; the N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth, and when N=2 and the first bandwidth is 6MHz, coefficients of non-zero subcarriers corresponding to the N third reference signals are one of the following or the following multiplied by negative one: {-1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 1}, {-1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1}, {-1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1}, {-1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1}, {-1 -1 1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1}, {-1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1 1 -1 -1}, {-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1}, or {-1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1}. Thus, the purpose of minimizing PAPR is achieved.

[0068] In some embodiments of the second aspect, the N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth, and the first bandwidth is less than or equal to 20MHz. Thus, the N first parts in the PPDU are effectively transmitted in the channel.

[0069] In some embodiments of the second aspect, the first bandwidth includes a sum of corresponding bandwidths of N first carrier signals and N-1 first intervals, the N first carrier signals are included in the N first parts, and a first interval in the N-1 first intervals is an interval in a frequency domain between two adjacent first parts in the N first parts.

[0070] With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the N first parts include N third reference signals, the N first parts correspond to the N third reference signals one by one, and the third reference signals are used by the AP to perform channel estimation; the N third reference signals correspond to a plurality of first non-zero input subcarriers and a plurality of second non-zero input subcarriers, the plurality of first non-zero input subcarriers are located on a high-frequency side of a center frequency point of the PPDU, the plurality of second non-zero input subcarriers are located on a low-frequency side of the center frequency point of the PPDU, when a sum of a number of the plurality of first non-zero subcarriers and a number of the plurality of second non-zero subcarriers is greater than 28, a coefficient of the plurality of first non-zero input subcarriers is equal to a coefficient of the plurality of second non-zero input subcarriers, or the coefficient of the plurality of first non-zero input subcarriers is equal to the coefficient of the plurality of second non-zero input subcarriers multiplied by -1. Thus, the purpose of minimizing the PAPR is achieved.

[0071] With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the method further includes: sending first information, the first information being used to indicate a starting time of a carrier signal included in at least one of the N first parts. The AP can send the first information through a medium access control (MAC) layer, so that the STA can obtain the time position of the first carrier signal after receiving the first information, and sufficiently utilize the carrier signal resource.

[0072] With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the PPDU includes a preamble, the preamble is used by the first device to perform channel avoidance, and the preamble is located before the first synchronization signal and the first carrier signal in a frame format; or the PPDU does not include the preamble. When the PPDU includes the preamble, the preamble is used by the first device to perform channel avoidance, and the first device is a wireless device other than the AP. In addition, the preamble is also used to ensure coexistence and compatibility with a legacy wireless device. When the PPDU does not include the preamble, for example, a device (for example, a carrier source device) that sends the PPDU does not have the capability to send the preamble, and the preamble can be sent by another device (for example, the AP) to enable other wireless devices to perform channel avoidance.

[0073] With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the preamble includes at least one of the following: a long training sequence, a short training sequence, a binary phase shift keying (BPSK) marker, or signaling. Thus, after the wireless device receives the preamble, the wireless device can effectively identify the preamble.

[0074] In a third aspect, a communication method is provided. The method can be performed by an AP. In some embodiments, the AP can refer to the AP itself, a component (e.g., a processor, a chip, or a chip system) in the AP, or a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the AP. The AP can be an AMP AP or an RFID AP.

[0075] The method includes: sending, by the AP, second information, the second information being used to trigger the second device to send a first PPDU, the first PPDU being sent through a first channel, the first PPDU including a carrier signal, the carrier signal being used by the STA to send a backscatter signal; and sending, by the AP, a second PPDU using a second channel, the second channel partially or entirely overlapping the first channel in the frequency domain, the second PPDU including a preamble. In the method, since the carrier source device does not have the capability to send the preamble, the AP sends the preamble to enable channel avoidance by other wireless devices.

[0076] In some embodiments of the third aspect, the method further includes: sending, by the AP, third information, the third information being used to indicate required parameters for the second device to send the first PPDU, the third information including information of the first channel. Thus, after obtaining the third information, the carrier source can send the first PPDU using the first channel.

[0077] In a fourth aspect, a communication method is provided. The method can be performed by an AP. In some embodiments, the AP can refer to the AP itself, a component (e.g., a processor, a chip, or a chip system) in the AP, or a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the AP. The AP can be an AMP AP.

[0078] The method includes: receiving, by the AP, a backscatter signal from a STA, the backscatter signal including a first sequence and data, the first sequence being used to indicate a start time of the data; and parsing, by the AP, the backscatter signal. In reality, since the clock accuracy of the STA is very low, the error can reach 10k ppm-100k ppm, and the time offset of the STA to generate the backscatter signal is large, which makes the AP unable to obtain the start time of the effective data. By carrying the first sequence in the backscatter signal, the AP can ensure correct decoding (or can also be understood as parsing) of the data part of the backscatter signal.

[0079] In some embodiments of the fourth aspect, the start time of the first sequence overlaps the start time of the backscatter signal. That is, the first sequence is located at the most front end of the backscatter signal.

[0080] In some embodiments of the fourth aspect, the first sequence is carried in one of the following signals of the backscatter signal: a synchronization signal or a delimiter signal. That is, the first sequence can be carried in either of the above two signals of the backscatter signal. That is, the first sequence can be carried in either of the above two fields of the backscatter signal. The above signals can also be understood as fields.

[0081] In some embodiments of the fourth aspect, the method further comprises: transmitting a PPDU, the carrier signal included in the PPDU being used by the STA to transmit the backscatter signal, the PPDU further comprising a preamble and / or a reference signal; and receiving the backscatter signal from the STA comprises: receiving the backscatter signal from the STA at a first time, the first time being the same as a starting time of the carrier signal or the first time being after the starting time of the carrier signal. By using the synchronization field or the delimiter field transmitted by the STA through backscatter, the AP can obtain the starting time of the effective data part of the backscatter signal.

[0082] In some embodiments of the fourth aspect, the method further comprises: transmitting a first frame, the first frame being used to trigger the second device to transmit a PPDU, the carrier signal included in the PPDU being used by the STA to transmit the backscatter signal, the PPDU further comprising a preamble and / or a reference signal; and receiving the backscatter signal from the STA comprises: receiving the backscatter signal from the STA after a first interval; wherein the first interval comprises a second interval and a third interval, the second interval being an interval between an ending time of the first frame and a starting time of the PPDU, and a corresponding time length of the third interval being greater than or equal to an occupied time length of the preamble and / or the reference signal. By using the transmission time of the first frame to estimate the reception time of the backscatter signal, the AP can receive the effective data part of the backscatter signal.

[0083] In some embodiments of the fourth aspect, the first frame is used for parsing by the STA and the second device. That is, the first frame is modulated into a format that can be parsed by the STA and the carrier source device.

[0084] In a fifth aspect, a communication method is provided, which can be executed by a STA. Unless otherwise specified, the STA in the present application can refer to the STA itself, a component (e.g., a processor, a chip, or a chip system) in the STA, or a logic module or software capable of realizing all or part of the functions of the STA device. The STA can be an AMP STA.

[0085] The method comprises: generating a backscatter signal, the backscatter signal comprising a first sequence and data, the first sequence being used to indicate a start time of the data; and sending the backscatter signal to an AP. In reality, because the clock accuracy of the STA is very low, the error can reach 10k ppm-100k ppm, and the time offset of the STA for generating the backscatter signal is large, which makes the AP unable to obtain the start time of the effective data. By carrying the first sequence in the backscatter signal, it can be ensured that the AP correctly decodes (or can also be understood as parses) the data part of the backscatter signal.

[0086] With reference to the fifth aspect, in some implementations of the fifth aspect, the start time of the first sequence overlaps with the start time of the backscatter signal. That is, the first sequence is located at the most front end of the backscatter signal.

[0087] With reference to the fifth aspect, in some implementations of the fifth aspect, the first sequence is contained in one of the following signals of the backscatter signal: a synchronization signal or a delimiter signal. That is, the first sequence can be specifically carried in the above two signals of the backscatter signal. That is, the first sequence can be specifically carried in the above two fields of the backscatter signal. The above signals can also be understood as fields.

[0088] With reference to the fifth aspect, in some implementations of the fifth aspect, the method further comprises: receiving a PPDU from the second device, wherein the PPDU comprises a carrier signal, a preamble and / or a reference signal; and generating the backscatter signal comprises: generating the backscatter signal according to the carrier signal at a first time; the first time is the same as the start time of the carrier signal, or the first time is located after the start time of the carrier signal. By making the STA wait for an additional period of time before compiling the carrier signal, it can be ensured that the AP can receive the effective data part of the backscatter signal in the case of low STA clock accuracy.

[0089] With reference to the fifth aspect, in some implementations of the fifth aspect, the method further comprises: receiving a first frame, the first frame being used to trigger the second device to send the PPDU; and receiving the PPDU from the second device, wherein the PPDU comprises a carrier signal, a preamble and / or a reference signal; and generating the backscatter signal comprises: generating the backscatter signal according to the carrier signal after a first interval; wherein the first interval comprises a second interval and a third interval, the second interval being an interval between the end time of the first frame and the start time of the PPDU, and the corresponding duration of the third interval being greater than or equal to the occupation duration of the preamble and / or the reference signal. By making the STA wait for an additional period of time before backscattering the carrier signal, it can be ensured that the AP can receive the complete effective data part of the backscatter signal in the case of low STA clock accuracy.

[0090] In combination with the fifth aspect, in some implementations of the fifth aspect, the first frame is modulated in a format that the STA and the second device can parse. That is, the first frame is modulated in a format that the STA and the carrier source device can parse.

[0091] In a sixth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided, which is configured to execute the method provided in the first aspect. Specifically, the communication apparatus can include units and / or modules for performing the method provided in any of the implementations of the first aspect, such as a processing unit and an obtaining unit.

[0092] In an implementation, the transceiving unit can be a transceiver, or an input / output interface; and the processing unit can be at least one processor. Optionally, the transceiver can be a transceiving circuit. Optionally, the input / output interface can be an input / output circuit.

[0093] In another implementation, the transceiving unit can be an input / output interface, an interface circuit, an output circuit, an input circuit, a pin, or a related circuit on the chip, chip system, or circuit; and the processing unit can be at least one processor, a processing circuit, or a logic circuit.

[0094] In a seventh aspect, a communication apparatus is provided, which is configured to execute the method provided in the second aspect. Specifically, the communication apparatus can include units and / or modules for performing the method provided in the second aspect, such as a processing unit and an obtaining unit.

[0095] In an implementation, the transceiving unit can be a transceiver, or an input / output interface; and the processing unit can be at least one processor. Optionally, the transceiver can be a transceiving circuit. Optionally, the input / output interface can be an input / output circuit.

[0096] In another implementation, the transceiving unit can be an input / output interface, an interface circuit, an output circuit, an input circuit, a pin, or a related circuit on the chip, chip system, or circuit; and the processing unit can be at least one processor, a processing circuit, or a logic circuit.

[0097] In an eighth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided, which is configured to execute the method provided in the third aspect. Specifically, the communication apparatus can include units and / or modules for performing the method provided in the second aspect, such as a processing unit and an obtaining unit.

[0098] In an implementation, the transceiving unit can be a transceiver, or an input / output interface; and the processing unit can be at least one processor. Optionally, the transceiver can be a transceiving circuit. Optionally, the input / output interface can be an input / output circuit.

[0099] In an implementation form, the transceiving unit can be a transceiver, or an input / output interface; and the processing unit can be at least one processor. Optionally, the transceiver can be a transceiving circuit. Optionally, the input / output interface can be an input / output circuit.

[0100] In a ninth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided, which is configured to execute the method provided in the fourth aspect. Specifically, the communication apparatus can include units and / or modules configured to perform the method provided in the second aspect, such as a processing unit and an obtaining unit.

[0101] In an implementation form, the transceiving unit can be a transceiver, or an input / output interface; and the processing unit can be at least one processor. Optionally, the transceiver can be a transceiving circuit. Optionally, the input / output interface can be an input / output circuit.

[0102] In an implementation form, the transceiving unit can be a transceiver, or an input / output interface; and the processing unit can be at least one processor. Optionally, the transceiver can be a transceiving circuit. Optionally, the input / output interface can be an input / output circuit.

[0103] In a tenth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided, which is configured to execute the method provided in the fifth aspect. Specifically, the communication apparatus can include units and / or modules configured to perform the method provided in the second aspect, such as a processing unit and an obtaining unit.

[0104] In an implementation form, the transceiving unit can be a transceiver, or an input / output interface; and the processing unit can be at least one processor. Optionally, the transceiver can be a transceiving circuit. Optionally, the input / output interface can be an input / output circuit.

[0105] In an implementation form, the transceiving unit can be a transceiver, or an input / output interface; and the processing unit can be at least one processor. Optionally, the transceiver can be a transceiving circuit. Optionally, the input / output interface can be an input / output circuit.

[0106] In an eleventh aspect, a processor is provided, which is configured to execute the method provided in any one of the implementation forms of the first to fifth aspects.

[0107] For the sending and obtaining / receiving operations involved in the processor, if no special description is provided, or if it does not contradict the actual role or inherent logic in the related description, it can be understood as the processor outputting and receiving, inputting, and the like, or as the sending and receiving operations performed by the radio frequency circuit and the antenna, which are not limited in the present application.

[0108] In a twelfth aspect, a computer readable storage medium storing program code for execution by an apparatus is provided. The program code includes instructions for performing any of the methods provided by any of the implementations of the first through fifth aspects.

[0109] In a thirteenth aspect, a computer program product containing instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform any of the methods provided by any of the implementations of the first through fifth aspects.

[0110] In a fourteenth aspect, a chip is provided. The chip includes a processor and a communication interface. The processor reads instructions stored on a memory through the communication interface and performs any of the methods provided by any of the implementations of the first through fifth aspects.

[0111] Optionally, as an implementation, the chip further includes a memory. The memory stores a computer program or instructions. The processor is configured to execute the computer program or instructions stored on the memory. When the computer program or instructions are executed, the processor is configured to perform any of the methods provided by any of the implementations of the first through fifth aspects.

[0112] In a fifteenth aspect, a communication system is provided. The communication system includes the communication apparatus of the sixth aspect, the communication apparatus of the seventh aspect, the communication apparatus of the eighth aspect, the communication apparatus of the ninth aspect, and the communication apparatus of the tenth aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0113] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an applicable scenario of an embodiment of the present application.

[0114] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an AMP system provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0115] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another AMP system provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0116] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an RFID system provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0117] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0118] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a PPDU provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0119] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a structure of another PPDU provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0120] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a structure of another PPDU provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0121] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a PPDU including N third reference signals provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0122] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a communication method suitable for an AMP system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0123] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a communication method suitable for another AMP system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0124] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a communication method suitable for another AMP system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0125] FIG. 13 is another communication method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0126] FIG. 14 is another communication method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0127] FIG. 15 is another communication method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0128] FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a signal sending method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0129] FIG. 17 is a schematic structural block diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0130] FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of another communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0131] FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of a chip system according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0132] The technical solutions in the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0133] First, the communication system and network architecture suitable for the embodiments of the present application will be introduced with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0134] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application can be applied to a wireless local area network (WLAN) scenario, for example, support institute of electrical and electronics engineers (IEEE) 802.11 related standards, for example, 802.11be, Wi-Fi 7, extremely high throughput (EHT), for example, 802.11be next generation, Wi-Fi 8, and the like, can also be applied to a wireless personal area network system based on ultra wide band (UWB), for example, 802.15 series standards, can also be applied to a sensing system, for example, 802.11bf series standards, can also be applied to an Integrated mmWave / IMMW protocol. Among them, the 802.11be standard is called an extremely high throughput (EHT) standard. Among them, 802.11bf includes two large categories of standards of low frequency (for example, sub7GHz) and high frequency (for example, 60GHz). The implementation of sub7GHz mainly relies on 802.11ac, 802.11ax, 802.11be and next generation standards, and the implementation of 60GHz mainly relies on 802.11ad, 802.11ay and next generation standards. Among them, 802.11ad can also be called a directional multi-gigabit (DMG) standard, and 802.11ay can also be called an enhanced directional multi-gigabit (EDMG) standard.

[0135] Although the embodiments of the present application mainly take deploying a WLAN network, especially a network applying IEEE 802.11 system standards as an example for description, those skilled in the art can easily understand that various aspects involved in the embodiments of the present application can be extended to other networks adopting various standards or protocols, for example, high performance radio local area network (HIPERLAN), wireless wide area network (WWAN), wireless personal area network (WPAN) or other now known or later developed networks.

[0136] Alternatively, the technical solutions of the present application can be applied to an Internet of Things (IoT) network, can also be applied to a vehicle-to-X (V2X) network, and can also be applied to other networks, etc., and the present application is not specifically limited. For example, the application scenarios of the present application can be an IoT network based on the IEEE 802.11 family standard, or a V2X network based on the IEEE 802.11 family standard, or other networks based on the IEEE 802.11 family standard. The IEEE 802.11 family standard can be IEEE 802.11ax, IEEE 802.11be, the next generation of IEEE 802.11 standard IEEE 802.11be, etc. The technical solutions of the present application can also be applied to other WLAN networks of future standard protocols. Therefore, regardless of the coverage range and wireless access protocol used, the various aspects provided by the embodiments of the present application can be applied to any suitable wireless network.

[0137] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can also be applied to various communication systems, such as: a WLAN communication system, a wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) system, a worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication system, a fifth generation (5G) system or new radio (NR), a future communication network, an Internet of Things (IoT) network or a vehicle-to-x (V2X), etc. th

[0138] The above-mentioned communication systems to which the present application is applicable are only illustrative, and the communication systems to which the present application is applicable are not limited thereto. Herein, it is uniformly stated that the following will not be described in detail.

[0139] ​FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an applicable scenario of an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 1, the communication method provided by the present application is applicable to data communication between stations (STAs), where the stations can be access point (AP) type stations or non-access point type stations (non-AP STAs), which are referred to as APs and non-AP stations, respectively. Specifically, the scenario shown in FIG. 1 is applicable to data communication between an AP and one or more non-AP stations (for example, data communication between AP1 and non-AP STA1, non-AP STA2), data communication between an AP and an AP (for example, data communication between AP1 and AP2), and data communication between a non-AP station and a non-AP station (for example, data communication between non-AP STA2 and non-AP STA3).

[0140] The access point AP can be a node for terminals (for example, mobile phones) to enter a wired (or wireless) network, and is mainly deployed in homes, buildings, and campuses, with a typical coverage radius of tens of meters to hundreds of meters. Of course, the access point can also be deployed outdoors. The access point serves as a bridge connecting wired and wireless networks, and mainly functions to connect various wireless network clients together and then access the wireless network to the Ethernet.

[0141] Specifically, the access point AP can be a terminal or network device with a Wi-Fi chip, or can be a terminal or network device including a chip for accessing a wired (or wireless) network. The network device can be a server, a router, a switch, a bridge, a computer, a mobile phone, a relay station, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a network device in a 5G network, a network device in a future communication network, or a network device in a public land mobile network (PLMN), and the like, without limitation. The access point can be a device supporting Wi-Fi standards. For example, the access point can also support one or more standards of the IEEE 802.11 series, such as 802.11be, 802.11ad, 802.11ay, and the like.

[0142] The non-AP station can be a wireless communication chip, a wireless sensor, or a wireless communication terminal, and can also be referred to as a user, a user equipment (UE), an access terminal, a subscriber unit, a subscriber station, a mobile station, a mobile, a remote station, a remote terminal, a mobile device, a user terminal, a terminal, a wireless communication device, a user agent, or a user device. The non-AP station can be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a handheld device with wireless communication function, a computing device, or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, an in-vehicle device, an Internet of Things device, a wearable device, a terminal device in a 5G network, a terminal device in a future communication network, or a terminal device in a PLMN, and the like. The non-AP station can be a device supporting a WLAN standard. For example, the non-AP station can support one or more standards of the IEEE 802.11 series, such as 802.11be, 802.11ad, 802.11ay, and the like.

[0143] For example, the non-AP station can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a set-top box, a smart television, a smart wearable device, an in-vehicle communication device, a computer, an IoT node, a sensor, a smart home device such as a smart camera, a smart remote controller, a smart water meter, and a sensor in a smart city, and the like.

[0144] The AP or the non-AP station described above can include a transmitter, a receiver, a memory, a processor, and the like, where the transmitter and the receiver are respectively used for transmission and reception of a packet structure, the memory is used for storing signaling information and storing preset values agreed in advance, and the processor is used for analyzing the signaling information and processing related data.

[0145] Before introducing the embodiments, the terms related to the present application are described in detail.

[0146] 1. Ambient power-Internet of things (AMP IoT)

[0147] Traditional IoT devices are usually equipped with a battery with limited lifetime, and the need to replace the battery impacts the user experience. With the tremendous growth of IoT networks and IoT devices, the maintenance expenditure (including labor and battery cost) will also grow tremendously. And, in extreme environmental conditions, it can be very difficult to maintain the operation of the IoT network and replace the battery. To address the above issues, battery-less IoT communication such as AMP IoT is proposed, which can effectively improve network performance and sustainability, and expand application scenarios. In addition, by removing the battery, the device size and cost can be significantly reduced, thereby supporting various new applications.

[0148] Among them, AMP IoT mainly uses environmental energy collected from radio waves, light, motion, heat, or other available environmental energy, so that the traditional battery can be removed. These battery-less or energy storage-limited devices have limited size and complexity in practical applications, and the output power provided by the energy collector is usually between 1 μW (microwatt) and several hundred μW. Due to their limited energy storage capacity and low energy collection output power, the required power consumption is low.

[0149] Due to the wide deployment and use of unlicensed frequency bands, Wi-Fi IoT networks are highly competitive in terms of deployment cost. However, given the following circumstances, many use cases cannot be solved using existing Wi-Fi IoT technology. First, in extreme environmental conditions (such as high pressure, extremely high / low temperature, humid environment), traditional battery-powered devices may not work properly. Second, many use cases require maintenance-free devices (e.g., no need / cannot replace traditional batteries). Finally, some use cases require ultra-low complexity, very small device size (e.g., a few millimeters thick), longer life cycle, etc.

[0150] Therefore, the combination of AMP IoT and Wi-Fi technology can realize new IoT services, which can be applied to smart home, indoor positioning, internal logistics and warehousing, smart manufacturing, etc. The typical peak power of the AMP device is less than 1 milliwatt (considering the device size limit), which is much lower than the tens to hundreds of milliwatts of power consumption of traditional Wi-Fi devices. However, a simple waveform other than orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) can be used to reduce complexity and power consumption.

[0151] 2. AMP device

[0152] Currently, an AMP STA can be classified into four types, or said to support four different capabilities. The four types are: Type 1: a legacy Wi-Fi device with energy harvesting; Type 2: a device capable of active transmission; Type 3: a device supporting near-range backscatter; and Type 4: a device supporting far-range backscatter.

[0153] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an AMP system according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 2, the system can include an AMP AP and an AMP STA. The system can be a single-station backscatter system, and can operate in a full-duplex mode. In the system, the AMP STA in FIG. 2 is of Type 3, i.e., a device supporting near-range backscatter. The AMP AP and the AMP STA can operate in a 2.4 GHz frequency band, a Sub-1 GHz (below 1 GHz) frequency band, etc.

[0154] As shown in FIG. 2, the AMP AP includes a first antenna and a second antenna. The first antenna is connected to a transport (TX) path of the AMP AP, and the second antenna is connected to a receive (RX) path of the AMP AP. The first antenna of the AMP AP is used to transmit a carrier signal to the AMP STA. After receiving the carrier signal, the AMP STA modulates the carrier signal to load data to be transmitted, thereby obtaining a backscatter signal, and transmits the backscatter signal to the AMP AP. After receiving the backscatter signal from the AMP STA, the second antenna of the AMP AP processes the backscatter signal to obtain data.

[0155] In some implementations, other devices, such as an amplifier (AMP), can be further provided on the TX path of the AMP AP to process the carrier signal to be transmitted. Other devices, such as a low noise amplifier (LNA), can be further provided on the RX path to process the received backscatter signal. In some implementations, an energy harvesting module can be provided in the AMP STA to harvest any type of signal in the environment. For example, the energy harvesting module can be used to harvest the energy of the carrier signal transmitted by the AMP AP. In addition, a logic processing unit can be further provided in the AMP STA to perform corresponding calculation functions. It should be noted that FIG. 2 only exemplarily shows part of the signal processing circuit structure in the AMP AP and the AMP STA, and the specific structure of each device in the system is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0156] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another AMP system according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 3, the system can include an AMP AP, a carrier source device, and an AMP STA. The system can be a two-station backscatter system, and the system can operate in a half-duplex mode. In the system, the AMP STA in FIG. 3 is of Type 4, i.e., a device that supports backscattering at a relatively long distance. The system can operate in a 2.4 GHz frequency band, a Sub-1 GHz (less than 1 GHz) frequency band, or the like.

[0157] As shown in FIG. 3, the carrier source device sends a carrier signal to the AMP STA. After receiving the carrier signal, the AMP STA modulates the carrier signal to load data to be sent, thereby obtaining a backscattered signal, and sends the backscattered signal to the AMP AP. After receiving the backscattered signal from the AMP STA, the AMP AP processes the backscattered signal to obtain the data.

[0158] In some implementations, before the carrier source device sends the carrier signal to the AMP STA, the AMP AP sends trigger information to the carrier source device to trigger the carrier source device to send the carrier signal. In some implementations, before the carrier source device sends the carrier signal to the AMP STA, the AMP AP sends control information to the carrier source device, where the control information is used to indicate required parameters for the carrier source device to send the carrier signal.

[0159] The above specifically describes an applicable AMP scenario of an embodiment of the present application. In addition, an embodiment of the present application can also be applicable to another scenario.

[0160] 3. Radio frequency identification (RFID)

[0161] In addition to the above AMP scenario, an embodiment of the present application can also be applicable to an RFID scenario. RFID is a non-contact automatic identification technology that automatically identifies a target object and obtains related data through a radio frequency signal, and the identification work does not require human intervention.

[0162] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an RFID system according to an embodiment of the present application. Radio frequency identification is a technology that transmits data between different devices in a wireless or non-contact manner through electromagnetic waves. As shown in FIG. 4, the RFID system can include an RFID reader and an RFID tag.

[0163] As shown in Figure 4, the RFID reader can send a carrier signal to the RFID tag. After receiving the carrier signal, the RFID tag modulates the carrier signal to load the data to be sent, thereby obtaining a backscatter signal, and then sends the backscatter signal to the RFID reader.

[0164] Among them, the most commonly used RFID STA is the passive RFID STA. The passive RFID STA does not require an integrated power source such as a battery. The passive RFID STA directly converts the received electromagnetic wave energy into electrical energy to activate the chip in the passive RFID STA and transmit the data in the chip back to the RFID AP.

[0165] 4. Backscattered signal

[0166] As described above, in an AMP or RFID scenario, the AP receives a backscattered signal from the STA, which can be expressed as: y = h lk *(x+w t )+h bs *((x+w t )·f[n]+w t,bs )+w r

[0167] Among them, h lk *(x+w t ) is the leakage signal, h bs *((x+w t )·f[n]+w t,bs ) represents the useful portion of the backscattered signal, w r For receiver noise;

[0168] Specifically, h lk For T X -R X Leaked Channel (T) X -R X (leakage channel), x is the transmitted waveform, w t For transmitted noise, h bs For a backscattered channel, f[n] represents the modulated bit n, and w t,bs This is modulated noise.

[0169] According to the description of the backscatter signal above, in order to make the STA generate the backscatter signal, the STA needs to be provided with an excitation source signal (i.e., a carrier signal). In order to eliminate the leakage signal after the AP receives the backscatter signal, the AP needs to estimate the leakage channel.

[0170] In embodiments of the present application, the communication system shown in FIG. 1 can be applied to an ambient power-Internet of things (AMP IoT), and the AP and the non-AP station can be ambient power (AMP) devices, or in other words, the AP can be an AMP AP, and the non-AP station can be an AMP non-AP STA. Specifically, the AMP AP is an AP that supports AMP operation, and the AMP STA is a non-AP station that supports AMP operation. The AMP STA can be divided into multiple types according to functionality, such as an AMP STA that supports existing WLAN standards, an AMP STA that only supports a low-power active transmitter that does not conform to existing standards, an AMP STA that only supports backscatter operation, and the like.

[0171] In addition, the communication system shown in FIG. 1 can also be applied to a wireless radio frequency identification (RFID) scenario, and the AP and the non-AP station can be RFID devices, or in other words, the AP can be an RFID AP, and the non-AP station can be an RFID non-AP STA.

[0172] It should be understood that the AP, the STA, and the carrier source device referred to in the present application are only illustrative names. According to actual circumstances, the device used to transmit the carrier source, such as the AMP AP in FIG. 2 and the carrier source device in FIGS. 3 and 4, can also be referred to as an excitation source device, an exciter, a helper, an interrogator, a reader, and the like. The device used to transmit the backscatter signal, such as the AMP STA in FIGS. 2 and 3 and the RFID STA in FIG. 4, can also be referred to as a reflector, a backscatter terminal, a passive device, a semi-passive device, an ambient signal device, a tag, and the like. The device that receives the backscatter signal, such as the AMP AP in FIGS. 2 and 3 and the RFID AP in FIG. 4, can also be referred to as a receiver. In addition, the carrier signal can also be referred to as a power supply signal, an excitation signal, and the like, and the present application does not limit this.

[0173] In the current AMP and RFID scenarios, the PPDU format and bandwidth carrying the carrier signal resource are fixed and cannot be flexibly configured. In view of this, the embodiment of the application provides a communication method and device, which carries N carrier signals in the transmitted and received PPDU, so as to flexibly configure the PPDU and bandwidth.

[0174] The method embodiment provided by the application will be described below in combination with FIGS. 5-12.

[0175] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the application. As shown in FIG. 5, the method can include S511-S513. The communication method can be performed by an AP and a STA, or can be performed by a carrier source device and a STA, or can be performed by a carrier source device and an AP. In FIG. 5, the first device and the second device are represented.

[0176] S511, the first device generates a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU). The PPDU includes N first parts, the N first parts correspond to N first STAs one by one, each of the N first parts includes a first carrier signal, and each of the N first parts includes a first carrier signal for a corresponding first STA to send a first backscatter signal, wherein N is a positive integer.

[0177] S512, the first device sends the PPDU. Correspondingly, the second device receives the PPDU.

[0178] In addition, in some implementations, the first device is an AP or a carrier source device, and the second device is a STA. The method further includes that the first device sends first information to the second device, the first information being used to indicate a start time of the carrier signal included in at least one of the N first parts. Correspondingly, the second device receives the first information. Wherein, the first device can send the first information through a medium access control (MAC) layer, so that the second device can obtain the time position of the first carrier signal after receiving the first information, and fully utilize the carrier signal resource. Wherein, the start time can be an absolute start time or a relative start time. In some implementations, the first synchronization signal can directly indicate the start time of the first carrier signal. In other implementations, the first synchronization signal can indicate another time, and the second device can determine the start time of the first carrier signal according to the other time and a first time period length after obtaining the first synchronization signal. The first time period length can be determined by the second device according to the PPDU structure. In addition, the first device can also accurately obtain the time position of the first carrier signal after receiving the first synchronization signal.

[0179] In some implementations, when the second device is a STA, the method further comprises the step of: the second device sending a first backscatter signal based on the corresponding first carrier signal. In some implementations, the second device can further generate the first backscatter signal based on the part of the PPDU that is out of the first carrier signal, for example, the first reference signal.

[0180] In some implementations, the PPDU can comprise a reference signal, which can be used by the AP to perform channel estimation. In some implementations, the PPDU can comprise a synchronization signal, which can be used by the AP to determine the starting time of the carrier signal included in the PPDU. The structure and functions of the PPDU are described in conjunction with the subsequent figures.

[0181] In the method as shown in FIG. 5, the PPDU can be referred to as a reader PPDU. In the method as shown in FIG. 5, the AP or the carrier source device generates a PPDU according to the number of users (i.e., STAs), which carries carrier signal resources corresponding to the number of users, so that the users can generate backscatter signals after obtaining the carrier signal resources, thereby achieving flexible configuration of the carrier signal resources in the PPDU and full utilization.

[0182] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a PPDU according to an embodiment of the present application. The PPDU comprises N first parts, each of which corresponds to a first STA. Each of the N first parts comprises a first carrier signal. FIG. 6 specifically shows the structure of the PPDU when N = 1.

[0183] The first part can comprise a first reference signal, which can be used by the AP to perform channel estimation. The channel can specifically refer to a leakage channel. That is, after the PPDU is sent, the AP also receives the PPDU and performs estimation of the leakage channel according to the first reference signal included in the PPDU, in addition to the STA receiving the PPDU. Thus, after obtaining the first backscatter signal from the STA, the AP can eliminate the leakage signal in the first backscatter signal. In some implementations, part or all of the first reference signal can also be used by the STA to send the first backscatter signal, which can be determined according to actual conditions.

[0184] In some embodiments, the first portion can comprise a first synchronization signal, the first synchronization signal being used to indicate a starting time of the first carrier signal, so that the STA can accurately obtain the time position of the first carrier signal after receiving the first synchronization signal, and make full use of the carrier signal resource. The starting time can be an absolute starting time or a relative starting time. In some embodiments, the first synchronization signal can directly indicate the starting time of the first carrier signal. In other embodiments, the first synchronization signal can indicate another time, and the STA can determine the starting time of the first carrier signal according to the other time and a first time period length after obtaining the first synchronization signal. The first time period length can be determined by the STA according to the PPDU structure. In addition, the AP can also accurately obtain the time position of the first carrier signal after receiving the first synchronization signal.

[0185] In some embodiments, the first synchronization signal comprises a non-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (non-OFDM) symbol. The non-OFDM symbol can specifically be any one of an on-off-keying (OOK) symbol, an amplitude shift keying (ASK) symbol, a phase-shift keying (PSK) symbol, or a frequency-shift keying (FSK) symbol. The OOK symbol can specifically be a multi-carrier (MC)-OOK symbol. In this way, the power consumption and complexity of generating the synchronization signal are reduced.

[0186] For example, when the first synchronization signal comprises an MC-OOK symbol, the sequence of the first synchronization signal can be W repeated twice, W = [1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0]. Alternatively, the sequence of the first synchronization signal can be Alternatively, the sequence of the first synchronization signal comprises other cases, which are not limited in the present application.

[0187] In some embodiments, the first portion can further comprise a signaling (SIG) signal, the signaling signal being used to indicate the type of the PPDU. The signaling signal can be 1 bit. The signaling signal can indicate that the PPDU is a reader PPDU by a first value, so as to be distinguished from a downlink (DL) PPDU and other PPDUs.

[0188] In some implementations, the PPDU can further include a preamble, which can also be referred to as a wifi preamble, preceding the first part in frame format. The preamble is used for channel avoidance by wireless devices, which are wireless devices other than the AP. In addition, the preamble is also used to ensure coexistence and compatibility with legacy wireless devices. The preamble includes at least one of a long training field (LTF), a short training field (STF), a binary phase shift keying (BPSK) flag, or a signaling (SIG). The LTF can be a legacy-LTF or a non-legacy-LTF. For example, the LTF can be a high throughput (HT)-LTF, a very high throughput (VHT)-LTF, a high efficient (HE)-LTF, an extremely high throughput (EHT)-LTF, or a form of LTF in other protocols that can appear in the future. Similarly, the STF can be a legacy-STF or a non-legacy-STF. For example, the STF can be a HT-STF, a VHT-STF, a HE-STF, an EHT-STF, or a form of STF in other protocols that can appear in the future. Similarly, the SIG can be a legacy-SIG or a non-legacy-SIG. For example, the SIG can be a HT-SIG, a VHT-SIG, a HE-SIG, an EHT-SIG, or a form of SIG in other protocols that can appear in the future.

[0189] In addition, the PPDU can also not include a preamble, for example, the device (such as the carrier source device) that transmits the PPDU does not have the capability to transmit a preamble, and the preamble can be transmitted by other devices (such as the AP) to enable channel avoidance by other wireless devices. It needs to be determined in combination with the specific communication method application scenario.

[0190] FIG. 7 is a structure diagram of another PPDU provided by an embodiment of the present application. In addition to the N first parts, the PPDU further includes a second part, and the second part includes a second carrier signal used by the second STA to transmit a second backscatter signal. The second part does not overlap with the N first parts in the time domain. The second STA and the first STA can be the same STA or different STAs, which is determined according to the actual situation.

[0191] In some embodiments, the second part further comprises a second reference signal. Similar to the first reference signal, the second reference signal is used for channel estimation by the AP, which can be specifically a leakage channel. The time domain position of the second reference signal is after the first reference signal. After the PPDU is transmitted, the AP can perform estimation on the leakage channel with time variation according to the first reference signal and the second reference signal. In addition, the second part can also not comprise the second reference signal, which is determined according to actual conditions.

[0192] In some embodiments, the second part further comprises a second synchronization signal, which is used to indicate the starting time of the second carrier signal. Similar to the first synchronization signal, the second synchronization signal can indicate the absolute starting time or the relative starting time of the second carrier signal, which will not be repeated here. In addition, the second part can also not comprise the second synchronization signal, and the STA can also determine the starting time of the second carrier signal according to the structure of the PPDU, which is determined according to actual conditions.

[0193] In some embodiments, the second part can further comprise a second signaling signal, or the second part can also not comprise the second signaling signal, which is determined according to actual conditions. The function of the second signaling signal is similar to that of the first signaling signal, which will not be repeated here.

[0194] In the structure as shown in FIG. 7, flexible configuration of PPDU resources and length-configurable PPDU frame format can be achieved.

[0195] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of another PPDU structure provided by an embodiment of the present application. When N is greater than 2, any two of the N first parts do not overlap in the frequency domain. FIG. 8(a) specifically shows the PPDU structure when N=2. FIG. 8(b) specifically shows the PPDU structure when N=3. In addition, N can also be an integer greater than 3, which will not be repeated here.

[0196] In some embodiments, at least one of the N first parts further comprises a first synchronization signal, and the first synchronization signal comprised by the at least one first part is used to indicate the starting time of the first carrier signal comprised by the corresponding first part. In some embodiments, at least one of the N first parts further comprises a first reference signal, and the first reference signal comprised by the at least one first part is used for channel estimation by the AP. The specific conditions of the above signals have been described in combination with FIG. 7, which will not be repeated here.

[0197] In some embodiments, the PPDU can further comprise a preamble, which is located before the N first parts in the frame format. The preamble is similar to that described in FIG. 7, which will not be repeated here.

[0198] As shown in (a) and (b) of FIG. 8, two adjacent first parts in the N first parts can have a first interval G2 in the frequency domain, so as to avoid intra-channel interference.

[0199] As shown in (a) and (b) of FIG. 8, the PPDU has a second interval between the frequency domain start position and the frequency domain start position of the N first parts, and / or a third interval between the frequency domain end position and the frequency domain end position of the N first parts. So as to avoid inter-channel interference. Wherein, the second interval can have the same corresponding bandwidth as the third interval, that is, both are G1 in the figure. In addition, the corresponding bandwidths of the second interval and the third interval can also be different, which is not limited in the present application.

[0200] In some implementations, the first interval is greater than the second interval and / or the first interval is greater than the second interval. In some implementations, 2 times the bandwidth corresponding to the second interval is equal to the bandwidth corresponding to the first interval, and / or 2 times the bandwidth corresponding to the third interval is equal to the bandwidth corresponding to the first interval, that is, 2G1=G2. So as to further avoid inter-channel and intra-channel interference.

[0201] In the PPDU structure as shown in FIG. 8, by frequency division multiplexing the PPDU, a PPDU is used to provide carrier signal resources for multiple users, and PPDU resources are fully utilized.

[0202] In addition, by using the PPDU structure as shown in FIG. 8, the transmission power of the PPDU can also be effectively improved. Taking the case that the PPDU is transmitted through the 2.4 GHz frequency band as an example, the power limits of the 2.4 GHz frequency band in different regions are shown in Table 1.

[0203] Table 1

[0204] As can be seen from Table 1, when the first bandwidth is 4 MHz, there is a difference of 4 dB in the actual transmission power compared with the maximum transmission power allowed by the 20 MHz bandwidth in different regions. When the PPDU can serve multiple STAs at the same time, the corresponding bandwidth of the N first parts includes the sum of the corresponding bandwidths of the N first carrier signals and the corresponding bandwidths of the N-1 first intervals, so that the transmission power is increased. In the case that the PPDU includes a preamble, the corresponding bandwidth of the preamble is greater than or equal to the corresponding bandwidth of the N first parts, for example, the bandwidth of the preamble can be 20 MHz, and the corresponding bandwidth of the N first parts can be 1 MHz, 2 MHz, etc.

[0205] Table 2 shows the corresponding bandwidth of the N first parts in the case of frequency division multiplexing.

[0206] Table 2

[0207] In addition, the PPDU structure as shown in FIG. 8 is only illustrative. When N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, the structure of each of the N first parts in the PPDU can be the same or different. The signals included in each of the N first parts can be completely the same, partially the same, or different. The start time of the same signal (e.g., the first carrier signal, the first reference signal, the first synchronization signal) included in each of the N first parts can be aligned or not aligned, and the end time of the same signal (e.g., the first carrier signal, the first reference signal, the first synchronization signal) included in each of the N first parts can be aligned or not aligned. In addition, the corresponding bandwidth of the same signal (e.g., the first carrier signal, the first reference signal, the first synchronization signal) included in each of the N first parts can also be the same or different, which is determined according to the actual situation.

[0208] In order to avoid distortion of the transmitted PPDU, reduce the peak to average power ratio (PAPR), avoid spectrum spreading interference and in-band signal distortion, and improve system performance. The embodiments of the present application provide a transmission mode of the PPDU as described below.

[0209] The PPDU includes N first parts, and the corresponding first bandwidth of the N first parts, which can specifically include the sum of the corresponding bandwidth of the N first carrier signals and the corresponding bandwidth of the N-1 first intervals. The N first parts are carried in the first non-zero input subcarrier set, and Table 3-25 specifically describes the index of the first non-zero input subcarrier set corresponding to different N and first bandwidths. It should be understood that Table 3-25 can also be combined into one table in the form of a table.

[0210] Table 3

[0211] Table 4

[0212] Table 5

[0213] Table 6

[0214] Table 7

[0215] Table 8

[0216] Table 9

[0217] Table 10

[0218] Table 11

[0219] Table 12

[0220] Table 13

[0221] Table 14

[0222] Table 15

[0223] Table 16

[0224] Table 17

[0225] Table 18

[0226] Table 19

[0227] Table 20

[0228] Table 21

[0229] Table 22

[0230] Table 23

[0231] Table 24

[0232] Table 25

[0233] It should be understood that the "non-zero input subcarriers" in the above can also be replaced by "non-zero subcarriers" or other terms that can be understood by those skilled in the art. The "index" can also be replaced by "number", "position index" or other terms that can be understood by those skilled in the art. The "subcarrier set" can also be replaced by "a plurality of non-zero input subcarriers", "subcarrier set", "subcarrier group", "subcarrier part", etc.

[0234] In addition, the embodiment of the present application further provides a corresponding coefficient of a reference signal included in a PPDU.

[0235] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a PPDU including N third reference signals according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 9, the PPDU includes N first parts, the N first parts include N third reference signals, the N third reference signals correspond to the N first parts one by one, each of the N first parts includes a corresponding third reference signal, and the N third reference signals are used for channel estimation by the AP. Wherein, FIG. 9 specifically shows the case of N = 2, and the case of N equal to other positive integers is similar to FIG. 9, which will not be repeated here.

[0236] As shown in FIG. 9, the N first parts are carried on a plurality of nonzero input subcarriers, that is, the N third reference signals included in the N first parts are carried on a plurality of nonzero input subcarriers, and the N third reference signals correspond to the coefficients of the plurality of nonzero input subcarriers. Wherein, the plurality of nonzero input subcarriers can be the first nonzero input subcarrier set described in Table 3-25 above. Alternatively, the plurality of nonzero input subcarriers is different from the first nonzero input subcarrier set described in Table 3-25 above.

[0237] In some implementations, the N third reference signals include OFDM symbols. In some implementations, the N third reference signals include long training sequences. Wherein, the coefficients of the nonzero input subcarriers corresponding to the N third reference signals are -1 or 1.

[0238] In the PAPR calculation of the first embodiment, the N third reference signals take into account the influence of the cyclic prefix (CP). In the PAPR calculation of the second embodiment, the N third reference signals do not take into account the influence of the cyclic prefix (CP).

[0239] As Table 26-49 specifically provides, in the first embodiment, that is, the N third reference signals take into account the influence of the CP in the PAPR calculation, the coefficients of the nonzero input subcarriers corresponding to the N third reference signals and the PAPR under the coefficients corresponding to different N and first bandwidths. It should be understood that Table 26-49 can also be combined into one table to represent in the form of one table.

[0240] The first non-zero input subcarrier set provided in Table 3-25 can be used when corresponding to the same N and the first bandwidth. In the index order, the coefficients of the subcarriers in the first non-zero input subcarrier set are the corresponding coefficients in Table 26-49, respectively. For example, when N = 1 and the first bandwidth is 1 MHz, the first non-zero input subcarrier set as shown in Table 3 is {-1, 1}, i.e., including the subcarrier with index "-1" and the subcarrier with index "1". Table 3 and Table 26 correspond, and Table 26 provides the coefficients of the non-zero input subcarriers, the first one being {-1 1} and the second one being {1 -1}. In an embodiment, the coefficient of the subcarrier with index "-1" is "-1", and the coefficient of the subcarrier with index "1" is "1". In another embodiment, the coefficient of the subcarrier with index "-1" is "1", and the coefficient of the subcarrier with index "1" is "-1". The corresponding relationship and the use method of the rest of the tables are similar to the above, and will not be repeated here.

[0241] In addition, a plurality of non-zero input subcarriers different from those in Table 3-25 can also be used, taking the coefficients of the non-zero input subcarriers as provided in Table 3-25. For example, the indices of the plurality of non-zero input subcarriers are "-2" and "2", the coefficient of the subcarrier with index "-2" is "-1", and the coefficient of the subcarrier with index "2" is "1". The present application does not make any limitation in this regard.

[0242] In addition, the corresponding coefficients after multiplying the coefficients of the non-zero input subcarriers as provided in Table 26-49 by -1 can also be used as the coefficients of the non-zero input subcarriers. For example, the coefficients of one kind of non-zero input subcarriers provided in Table 26 are {-1 1}, and the coefficients after multiplying the coefficients by -1 are {1 -1}, i.e., the coefficients of another kind of non-zero input subcarriers provided in Table 26, which can also achieve the purpose of minimizing PAPR.

[0243] Table 26

[0244] Table 27

[0245] Table 28

[0246] Table 29

[0247] Table 30

[0248] Table 31

[0249] Table 32

[0250] Table 33

[0251] Table 34

[0252] Table 35

[0253] Table 36

[0254] Table 37

[0255] Table 38

[0256] Table 39

[0257] Table 40

[0258] Table 41

[0259] Table 42

[0260] Table 43

[0261] Table 44

[0262] Table 45

[0263] Table 46

[0264] Table 47

[0265] Table 48

[0266] Table 49

[0267] As shown in Tables 50-73, the coefficients of the non-zero input subcarriers corresponding to the N third reference signals and the PAPR under the coefficients are provided for different N and first bandwidths in the second embodiment, i.e., the case where the N third reference signals are not considered to have the impact of CP in the PAPR calculation. It should be understood that Tables 50-73 can also be combined into one table to represent in the form of one table.

[0268] The first non-zero input subcarrier set provided in Table 3-25 can be used when corresponding to the same N and the first bandwidth. In the index order, the coefficients of the subcarriers in the first non-zero input subcarrier set are the corresponding coefficients in Table 50-73, respectively. For example, when N=1 and the first bandwidth is 1MHz, the first non-zero input subcarrier set as shown in Table 3 is {-1, 1}, i.e., including the subcarrier with index "-1" and the subcarrier with index "1". Table 3 and Table 50 correspond, and Table 50 provides the coefficients of a plurality of non-zero input subcarriers, taking {-1 -1} as an example, the coefficient of the subcarrier with index "-1" is "-1", and the coefficient of the subcarrier with index "1" is "-1". The remaining corresponding relationships and use methods are similar to the above, and will not be described one by one.

[0269] In addition, a plurality of non-zero input subcarriers different from those in Table 3-25 can also be used, taking the coefficients of the non-zero input subcarriers provided in Table 3-25. For example, the indices of the plurality of non-zero input subcarriers are "-2" and "2", the coefficient of the subcarrier with index "-2" is "-1", and the coefficient of the subcarrier with index "2" is "-1". The present application does not make any limitation in this regard.

[0270] In addition, the corresponding coefficients obtained by multiplying the coefficients of the non-zero input subcarriers provided in Table 50-73 by -1 can also be used as the coefficients of the non-zero input subcarriers. For example, the coefficients of one kind of non-zero input subcarriers provided in Table 50 are {-1 -1}, the coefficients obtained by multiplying the coefficients by -1 are {1 1}, i.e., the coefficients of another kind of non-zero input subcarriers provided in Table 50, which can also achieve the purpose of minimizing PAPR.

[0271] Table 50

[0272] Table 51

[0273] Table 52

[0274] Table 53

[0275] Table 54

[0276] Table 55

[0277] Table 56

[0278] Table 57

[0279] Table 58

[0280] Table 59

[0281] Table 60

[0282] Table 61

[0283] Table 62

[0284] Table 63

[0285] Table 64

[0286] Table 65

[0287] Table 66

[0288] Table 67

[0289] Table 68

[0290] Table 69

[0291] Table 70

[0292] Table 71

[0293] Table 72

[0294] Table 73

[0295] The method shown in FIG. 5, the PPDU structure shown in FIGS. 6-9, the aforementioned non-zero subcarrier index set and the coefficient of the non-zero subcarrier can be applied to an AMP scenario or an RFID scenario, and the present application does not limit this. When applied to an AMP scenario: the AP described in FIG. 5 can be an AMP AP, and the STA can be an AMP STA. The method shown in FIG. 5 can be applied to the AMP system described in FIG. 2. The STA shown in FIG. 5 can be an AMP STA, and the method shown in FIG. 5 can be applied to the AMP system described in FIG. 3. In the following, the specific interaction process in the above two AMP systems is introduced in conjunction with FIGS. 10-11.

[0296] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a communication method suitable for an AMP system according to an embodiment of the present application. The method shown in FIG. 10 can be applied to the AMP system described in FIG. 2, i.e., a close-range backscatter scenario. The AMP system can include an AP and a STA. The AP includes a first antenna and a second antenna. The method shown in FIG. 10 can include steps S1010-S1050.

[0297] S1010, the AP generates a PPDU through the first antenna. The PPDU includes a first carrier signal, and in addition, the PPDU can also include a preamble, a first reference signal, a first synchronization signal and a first signaling signal. The specific structure of the PPDU is similar to that described in FIGS. 6-9, and will not be described here. In addition, in some implementations, due to low transmission power and close distance (e.g., within 20 cm) between the AP and the STA, the PPDU transmitted by the AP can not include a preamble.

[0298] S1020, the AP transmits the PPDU. Correspondingly, the STA receives the PPDU. In addition, the AP receives the PPDU through the second antenna. In addition, other wireless devices can also receive the PPDU and perform channel avoidance by analyzing the preamble included in the PPDU.

[0299] In some implementations, the method shown in FIG. 10 further includes step S1030. After the AP receives the PPDU through the second antenna, the leakage channel can be estimated according to the first reference signal included in the PPDU. In addition, after receiving the first synchronization signal, the AP can also accurately obtain the time position of the first carrier signal.

[0300] S1040, the STA generates a first backscatter signal based on the first carrier signal included in the PPDU. In addition, the first backscatter signal can also be generated based on other parts of the PPDU, and the present application does not limit this.

[0301] S1050, the STA sends the first backscatter signal to the AP. Correspondingly, the AP receives the first backscatter signal through the second antenna. In the case that the AP performs the estimation of the leakage channel, the AP can eliminate the leakage signal in the first backscatter signal according to the estimation result of the leakage channel.

[0302] It should be understood that the step sequence as shown in FIG. 10 is only a schematic annotation for convenience of illustration, for example, the step S1030 in the figure can occur before the step S1040, simultaneously with the step S1040, or after the step S1050, which is determined according to actual situation.

[0303] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a communication method suitable for another AMP system according to an embodiment of the present application. The method as shown in FIG. 11 can be applied to the AMP system described in FIG. 3, i.e., the long-distance backscatter scenario. The AMP system can include an AP, a carrier source device and a STA. The method can include steps S1110-S1170.

[0304] S1110, the AP sends control information, which includes required information for the carrier source device to send a PPDU. Correspondingly, the carrier source device receives the control information. For example, the control information includes information of a first channel, which is a transmission channel of the PPDU. The information of the first channel can include a center frequency of the first channel, a bandwidth of the first channel, etc. In addition, the control information can also include signal information, which can include at least one of the following: signal length, whether the signal exists, signal number, or signal type. The signal is included in the PPDU, and the signal can specifically refer to a first reference signal, a first synchronization signal, or a first signaling signal.

[0305] S1120, the AP sends trigger information, which is used to trigger the carrier source device to send the PPDU. Correspondingly, the carrier source device receives the trigger information.

[0306] S1130, the carrier source device generates the PPDU. The PPDU includes a first carrier signal, and in addition, the PPDU can also include a preamble, a first reference signal, a first synchronization signal and a first signaling signal. The specific structure of the PPDU is similar to that described in FIGS. 6-9, which will not be repeated here.

[0307] S1140, the carrier source device sends the PPDU. Correspondingly, the STA receives the PPDU. In addition, the AP also receives the PPDU. In addition, other wireless devices can also receive the PPDU, and perform channel avoidance by analyzing the preamble included in the PPDU.

[0308] In some implementations, the method shown in FIG. 11 further includes step S1150. S1150, after the AP receives the PPDU, the AP can perform the estimation of the leakage channel according to the first reference signal included in the PPDU. In addition, the AP can also accurately obtain the time position of the first carrier signal after receiving the first synchronization signal.

[0309] S1160, the STA generates the first backscatter signal based on the first carrier signal included in the PPDU. In addition, the first backscatter signal can also be generated based on other parts included in the PPDU, which is not limited in the present application.

[0310] S1170, the STA sends the first backscatter signal to the AP. In the case that the AP performs the estimation of the leakage channel, the AP can eliminate the leakage signal in the first backscatter signal according to the estimation result of the leakage channel.

[0311] In some implementations, before step S1130, the method shown in FIG. 11 further includes step S1110. S1110, the AP sends control information, which includes the required information of the PPDU sent by the carrier source device. For example, the control information includes the information of the first channel, which is the transmission channel of the PPDU. The information of the first channel can include the center frequency of the first channel, the bandwidth of the first channel, etc. In addition, the control information can also include signal information, which can include at least one of the following: signal length, whether the signal exists, signal number, or signal type. The signal can specifically refer to the first reference signal, the first synchronization signal, or the first signaling signal.

[0312] In some implementations, before step S1130, the method shown in FIG. 11 further includes step S1120. S1120, the AP sends trigger information, which is used to trigger the carrier source device to send the PPDU.

[0313] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a communication method suitable for another AMP system according to an embodiment of the present application. The method shown in FIG. 12 can be applied to the AMP system described in FIG. 3, i.e., the long-distance backscatter scenario. The AMP system can include an AP, a carrier source device, and a STA. The method can include steps S1210-S1270.

[0314] S1210, the AP sends control information, which includes the required information of the second PPDU sent by the carrier source device. Correspondingly, the carrier source device receives the control information.

[0315] S1220, the AP transmits trigger information, the trigger information being used to trigger the carrier source device to transmit the second PPDU. Correspondingly, the carrier source device receives the trigger information. For example, the control information includes information of the first channel, the first channel being a transmission channel of the second PPDU. The information of the first channel can include a center frequency of the first channel, a bandwidth of the first channel, etc. In addition, the control information can also include signal information, which can include at least one of the following: signal length, whether the signal exists, signal number, or signal type. The signal can specifically refer to a first reference signal, a first synchronization signal, or a first signaling signal.

[0316] S1230, the AP generates the first PPDU, the first PPDU including a preamble. The specific form and content of the preamble have been described in combination with FIG. 6, and will not be repeated here.

[0317] S1240, the AP transmits the first PPDU. The wireless device receives the first PPDU. In addition, the carrier source device can also receive the first PPDU, and the first PPDU can also be used by the carrier source device to determine the transmission time of the second PPDU. The first PPDU is transmitted through the second channel. The second channel partially or entirely overlaps with the first channel. Thus, the wireless device can perform channel avoidance after receiving the first PPDU.

[0318] S1250, the carrier source device generates the second PPDU. The second PPDU includes a first carrier signal, and in addition, the second PPDU can also include a first reference signal, a first synchronization signal, and a first signaling signal. The specific structure of the second PPDU is similar to that described in FIGS. 6-9, but the second PPDU does not include a preamble.

[0319] S1260, the carrier source device transmits the second PPDU. Correspondingly, the STA receives the second PPDU. In addition, the AP receives the second PPDU.

[0320] In some implementations, the method shown in FIG. 12 further includes step S1270. S1270, after the AP receives the second PPDU, the AP can perform leakage channel estimation according to the first reference signal included in the second PPDU. In addition, the AP can also accurately obtain the time position of the first carrier signal after receiving the first synchronization signal.

[0321] S1280, the STA generates a first backscatter signal based on the first carrier signal included in the second PPDU. In addition, the first backscatter signal can also be generated based on other parts of the PPDU, which is not limited by the present application.

[0322] S1290, the STA sends the first backscatter signal to the AP. In the case that the AP performs the estimation of the leakage channel, the AP can cancel the leakage signal in the first backscatter signal according to the estimation result of the leakage channel.

[0323] In the method as shown in FIG. 12, since the carrier source device does not have the capability of sending the preamble, the AP sends the preamble to make other wireless devices perform channel avoidance.

[0324] FIG. 13 is another communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application. The communication method can be performed by the AP and the STA. The method includes steps S1310-S1330.

[0325] S1310, the STA generates a backscatter signal, the backscatter signal including a first sequence and data, the first sequence being used to indicate the start time of the data. The data can be understood as valid data. The first sequence can be a bit sequence, for example, can be “10101010”.

[0326] In some implementations, the start time of the first sequence overlaps with the start time of the backscatter signal. That is, the first sequence is located at the most front end of the backscatter signal.

[0327] In some implementations, the first sequence is contained in one of the following fields of the backscatter signal: a synchronization field or a delimiter field. That is, the first sequence can be specifically carried in the above two fields of the backscatter signal. The above fields can also be understood as signals.

[0328] S1320, the STA sends the backscatter signal to the AP. Correspondingly, the AP receives the backscatter signal from the STA.

[0329] S1330, the AP parses the backscatter signal.

[0330] In reality, since the clock accuracy of the STA is very low, the error can reach 10k ppm-100k ppm, and the time offset of the STA generating the backscatter signal is large, which makes the AP unable to obtain the start time of the valid data. By carrying the first sequence in the backscatter signal, it can be ensured that the AP correctly decodes (or can also be understood as parses) the data part of the backscatter signal.

[0331] The method embodiment of FIG. 13 can be applied to the AMP scenario. Next, the near-distance backscatter scenario and the far-distance backscatter scenario are respectively explained in combination with FIGS. 14 and 15.

[0332] FIG. 14 is another communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application. The method shown in FIG. 14 is applicable to a close-range backscatter scenario, and can be performed by an AP and a STA. The method includes steps S1410-S1440.

[0333] S1410, the AP sends a PPDU, the PPDU includes a carrier signal for the STA to send a backscatter signal, and the PPDU further includes a preamble and / or a reference signal.

[0334] S1420, the STA can generate the backscatter signal according to the carrier signal at a first time, the first time is after the start time of the carrier signal, or the first time is the same as the start time of the carrier signal. In addition, it can also be understood that the first time is after the end position of the preamble and / or the reference signal. By making the STA wait for a period of time before compiling the carrier signal, the AP can receive the effective data part of the backscatter signal in the case that the STA clock accuracy is low.

[0335] S1430, the STA sends the backscatter signal. Correspondingly, the AP can receive the backscatter signal from the STA at the first time. Wherein, "the AP receives the backscatter signal from the STA at the first time" can be specifically understood as "the AP receives the effective backscatter signal at the first time", and is not a limitation on the actual receiving time of the AP. For example, the AP can monitor the backscatter signal before the first time, and in addition, the AP can also decode the signal on the corresponding channel of the backscatter signal before the first time, which is not limited by the present application. By making the AP use the synchronization field or the delimiter field sent by the STA through backscatter, the AP can obtain the start time of the effective data part of the backscatter signal.

[0336] S1440, the AP parses the backscatter signal.

[0337] Wherein, the specific format of the backscatter signal has been described in combination with FIG. 13, which is not limited by the present application.

[0338] FIG. 15 is another communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application. The method shown in FIG. 14 is applicable to a long-distance backscatter scenario, and can be performed by an AP, a STA and a carrier source device. The method includes steps S1510-S1550.

[0339] S1510, the AP transmits a first frame, the first frame is used to trigger the carrier source device to transmit a PPDU, the carrier signal included in the PPDU is used for the STA to transmit a backscatter signal. In addition, the "first frame" can also be replaced by "packet", "AMP packet", "PPDU", "DL PPDU" or "AMP DL PPDU". The first frame is used for the STA and the carrier source device to parse, that is, the first frame is modulated into a format that can be parsed by the STA and the carrier source device.

[0340] S1520, the carrier source device transmits a PPDU. Wherein, the carrier signal, the preamble and / or the reference signal included in the PPDU.

[0341] S1530, the STA can generate a backscatter signal according to the carrier signal after a first interval. Wherein, the first interval includes a second interval and a third interval, the second interval is an interval between the end time of the first frame and the start time of the PPDU, and the corresponding duration of the third interval is greater than or equal to the occupation duration of the preamble and / or the reference signal. Wherein, the second interval can also be referred to as "short interframe space (SIFS)". When the PPDU includes the preamble and does not include the reference signal, the corresponding duration of the third interval is greater than or equal to the occupation duration of the preamble. When the PPDU includes the reference signal and does not include the preamble, the corresponding duration of the third interval is greater than or equal to the occupation duration of the reference signal. When the PPDU includes the preamble and includes the reference signal, the corresponding duration of the third interval is greater than or equal to the sum of the occupation durations of the preamble and the reference signal. In addition, in the frame format of the PPDU, if the carrier signal also includes other signals before it, the third interval can also include the corresponding duration of the other signals, which is determined according to the actual situation. By making the STA wait for an additional period of time before backscattering the carrier signal, the effective data part of the backscatter signal can be ensured to be received by the AP in the case that the clock accuracy of the STA is low.

[0342] S1540, the STA transmits the backscatter signal. Correspondingly, the AP can receive the backscatter signal from the STA after the first interval. Wherein, "the AP receives the backscatter signal from the STA after the first interval" can be specifically understood as "the AP receives the effective backscatter signal after the first interval", rather than limiting the actual receiving time of the AP. For example, the AP can monitor the backscatter signal before the first interval or at a time overlapping with the first interval, and in addition, the AP can also decode the signal on the corresponding channel of the backscatter signal before the first interval or at a time overlapping with the first interval, which is not limited by the present application. By making the AP estimate the receiving time of the backscatter signal using the transmission time of the first frame, it is ensured that the AP can receive the effective data part of the backscatter signal.

[0343] S1550, the AP analyzes the backscatter signal.

[0344] FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a signal sending method according to an embodiment of the present application. In FIG. 16, (a) corresponds to the communication method of FIG. 14, and (b) corresponds to the communication method of FIG. 15. The solid line in FIG. 16 corresponds to the sending signal of the device, and the dashed line corresponds to the receiving signal of the device.

[0345] As shown in (a) of FIG. 16, after the AP sends the PPDU, the AP can start to evaluate the leakage channel (which can also be understood as channel estimation) from the AP transmitting end to the AP receiving end at T1, start to decode the signal at T2, and receive the backscatter signal at T3. T3 is located after the start time of the carrier signal.

[0346] As shown in (b) of FIG. 16, after the AP sends the first frame and triggers the carrier source device to send the PPDU, the carrier source device sends the PPDU at an interval of Tgap. The AP can start to evaluate the direct path of receiving the backscatter signal (which is the channel from the carrier source to the AP receiving end) at T1, start to decode the signal at T2, and receive the backscatter signal at T3. T3 can be at an interval of Ttag=Tgap+Tpre+Tref+Tex from the end time of the first frame. Tpre corresponds to the corresponding period of the preamble included in the PPDU, and Tref corresponds to the corresponding period of the reference signal. Tex is an additional waiting time, and Tex can be 0.15 times of Tgap. Tgap can be equal to SIFS.

[0347] It should be understood that the "signal" in the present application can also be replaced by "field" or "domain". For example, the "reference signal" described above can be replaced by "reference field" or "reference domain", the "synchronization signal" can be replaced by "synchronization field" or "synchronization domain", and the like, which is determined according to the actual situation.

[0348] It should be understood that the communication methods shown in FIGS. 5-12 can be combined, and the embodiments obtained by the combination should still be within the protection scope of the present application. In addition, the PPDU structures shown in FIGS. 6-9 can be combined, and the embodiments obtained by the combination should still be within the protection scope of the present application. In addition, the PPDU structures shown in FIGS. 6-9 can be applied to the communication methods shown in FIGS. 5, 10-12, and the embodiments obtained by the combination should still be within the protection scope of the present application. In addition, the communication methods shown in FIGS. 13-16 can also be combined with the communication methods shown in FIGS. 5-12, and the embodiments obtained by the combination should still be within the protection scope of the present application.

[0349] The communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application is described in detail above in combination with FIG. 5 to FIG. 16. The communication apparatus provided by the present application is described in detail below in combination with FIG. 17 to FIG. 19. It should be understood that the description of the apparatus embodiments corresponds to the description of the method embodiments. Therefore, the content not described in detail can be referred to the method embodiments above, and part of the content is not described again for the sake of brevity.

[0350] FIG. 17 is a schematic structural block diagram of a communication apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application. The communication apparatus 1700 can include a transceiver module 1710 and a processing module 1720.

[0351] The communication apparatus 1700 shown in FIG. 17 can be a first communication apparatus, which can be a component (for example, a chip or a circuit) in an AP (for example, an AMP AP or an RFID AP).

[0352] Next, the apparatus shown in FIG. 17 is described in combination with the case that the specific communication apparatus is the above three apparatuses.

[0353] The first communication apparatus

[0354] The processing module 1720 is configured to generate a PPDU. The PPDU includes N first parts, the N first parts correspond to N first STAs one by one, each of the N first parts includes a first carrier signal, and each of the N first parts includes a first carrier signal for a corresponding first STA to send a first backscatter signal, where N is a positive integer.

[0355] The transceiver module 1710 is configured to send the PPDU.

[0356] In some implementations, the transceiver module 1710 is further configured to receive the first backscatter signal.

[0357] The structure of the PPDU, the set of non-zero subcarrier indexes, and the coefficients of the non-zero subcarriers corresponding to the reference signal included in the PPDU have been described in combination with FIG. 6 to FIG. 9, and are not described again here.

[0358] In some implementations, the transceiver module 1710 is further configured to receive the PPDU, and the processing module 1720 performs estimation of the leakage channel according to the reference signal included in the PPDU.

[0359] In some implementations, the transceiver module 1710 is connected to the first antenna and the second antenna. The transceiver module 1710 can transmit the PPDU through the first antenna. In addition, the transceiver module 1720 can receive the first backscatter signal through the second antenna. In addition, the transceiver module 1720 can receive the PPDU through the second antenna.

[0360] In another embodiment, the first communication device can not be configured to generate the PPDU, which is generated by the carrier source device. In this case, the processing module 1720 can be configured to generate trigger information for triggering the carrier source device to transmit the PPDU, and the transceiver module 1710 is configured to transmit the trigger information. In addition, the processing module 1720 can be configured to generate control information for indicating required parameters for the carrier source device to transmit the PPDU, and the transceiver module 1710 is configured to transmit the control information.

[0361] In another embodiment, the first communication device can not be configured to generate the PPDU, which is generated by the carrier source device, and the carrier source does not have the capability to generate the PPDU including the preamble. The transceiver module 1710 is configured to transmit the trigger information. The processing module 1720 can be configured to generate trigger information for triggering the carrier source device to transmit the PPDU, and the transceiver module 1710 is configured to transmit the trigger information. In addition, the processing module 1720 can be configured to generate control information for indicating required parameters for the carrier source device to transmit the PPDU, and the transceiver module 1710 is configured to transmit the control information. In addition, the processing module 1720 can be further configured to generate the first PPDU, which includes the preamble for channel avoidance by wireless devices other than the STA.

[0362] In another embodiment, the first communication device can not be configured to generate the PPDU, which is generated by the carrier source device. The transceiver module 1710 is configured to receive the PPDU. The processing module 1720 parses the PPDU. In some implementations, the processing module 1720 can perform channel estimation according to the first reference signal included in the PPDU. In some implementations, the processing module 1720 can determine the starting time of the first carrier signal according to the first synchronization signal included in the PPDU.

[0363] In another embodiment, the transceiver module 1710 can be configured to receive the backscatter signal, which includes the first sequence and the data. The processing module can be configured to parse the backscatter signal. In some implementations, the transceiver module 1710 can receive the backscatter signal at the first time. In some implementations, the transceiver module 1710 can receive the backscatter signal after the first interval.

[0364] Second communication device

[0365] The processing module 1720 is configured to generate a PPDU. The PPDU includes N first parts, the N first parts correspond to N first STAs one by one, each of the N first parts includes a first carrier signal, and each of the N first parts includes the first carrier signal for the corresponding first STA to send a first backscatter signal, where N is a positive integer.

[0366] The transceiver module 1710 is configured to send the PPDU.

[0367] In some implementations, the transceiver module 1710 is further configured to receive the first backscatter signal.

[0368] The structure of the PPDU, the set of non-zero subcarrier indexes, and the coefficients of the non-zero subcarriers corresponding to the reference signal included in the PPDU have been described in combination with FIGS. 6 to 9, and will not be described here again.

[0369] In another embodiment, before the processing module 1720 generates the PPDU, the transceiver module 1710 is further configured to receive trigger information, the trigger information being used to trigger the carrier source device to send the PPDU. The transceiver module 1710 is further configured to receive control information, the control information being used to indicate required parameters for sending the PPDU.

[0370] Third communication device

[0371] The transceiver module 1710 is configured to receive a PPDU. The PPDU includes N first parts, the N first parts correspond to N first STAs one by one, each of the N first parts includes a first carrier signal, and each of the N first parts includes the first carrier signal for the corresponding first STA to send a first backscatter signal, where N is a positive integer.

[0372] The processing module 1720 is configured to parse the PPDU.

[0373] In some implementations, the processing module 1720 is further configured to generate a first backscatter signal based on the first carrier signal. The transceiver module 1710 is further configured to send the first backscatter signal.

[0374] In another embodiment, the processing module 1720 can be configured to generate a backscatter signal, the backscatter signal comprising the first sequence and the data. The transceiver module 1710 is configured to transmit the backscatter signal. In some implementations, the processing module 1720 can generate the backscatter signal at the first time. In some implementations, the processing module 1720 can generate the backscatter signal after the first interval. It should be understood that the communication apparatus shown in FIG. 17 is embodied in the form of functional modules. The term "module" herein can refer to an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an electronic circuit, a processor (shared, dedicated or group) and memory that execute one or more software or firmware programs, a combinational logic circuit, and / or other suitable components that provide the described functionality.

[0375] The communication apparatus shown in FIG. 17 implements the functions of the corresponding steps performed by the apparatus in the above-described methods. The functions can be implemented by hardware or by corresponding software executed by hardware. The hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the functions described above; for example, the transmitting module can be replaced by a transmitter, the receiving module can be replaced by a receiver, and other modules, such as the processing module, can be replaced by a processor, which respectively performs the receiving and transmitting operations and related processing operations in each method embodiment.

[0376] FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of another communication apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 18, the communication apparatus 1800 includes a processor 1801 configured to execute computer programs or instructions stored in a memory 1802 or read data / signaling stored in the memory 1802 to perform the methods in the above method embodiments. Optionally, the processor 1801 is one or more.

[0377] Optionally, as shown in FIG. 18, the communication apparatus 1800 further includes the memory 1802 configured to store computer programs or instructions and / or data. The memory 1802 can be integrated with the processor 1801 or can be separately arranged. Optionally, the memory 1802 is one or more.

[0378] Optionally, as shown in FIG. 18, the communication apparatus 1800 further includes a transceiver 1803 configured to receive and / or transmit signals. For example, the processor 1801 is configured to control the transceiver 1803 to receive and / or transmit signals.

[0379] The communication apparatus 1800 is configured to implement the operations performed by the AP, the carrier source device, and the STA in the above method embodiments.

[0380] It should be appreciated that a processor as mentioned in this application can be any known or future developed processor, and more particularly, a central processing unit (CPU), a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or the like. The general purpose processor can be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor can be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine, etc.

[0381] It should also be appreciated that a memory as described herein can be volatile memory or nonvolatile memory, or a combination of both. By way of illustration, and not limitation, nonvolatile memory can include read only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), erasable PROM (EPROM), electrically EPROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM), which acts as external cache. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in many forms such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), Synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM).

[0382] It should be noted that when the processor is a general purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA, or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or the like, the memory (storage module) can be integrated in the processor.

[0383] It should also be noted that the memory described herein is intended to include, but not be limited to, the following types of memory: a cache, a buffer, a RAM, a ROM, a flash memory, a hard drive, a solid state drive, a magnetic drive, a flash drive, a floppy disk, a magnetic tape, a USB drive, a memory card, a smart card, a DRAM, an SRAM, an EDRAM, an EEPROM, an EPROM, an FPGA, an ASIC, an eSIM, an eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an eSIM / eUICC, an e

[0384] FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of a chip system according to an embodiment of the present application. The chip system 1900 (or also referred to as a processing system) includes a logic circuit 1901 and an input / output interface 1902.

[0385] The logic circuit 1901 can be a processing circuit in the chip system 1900. The logic circuit 1901 can be coupled to a storage unit, and invoke instructions in the storage unit, so that the chip system 1900 can implement the methods and functions of the embodiments of the present application. The input / output interface 1902 can be an input / output circuit in the chip system 1900, and output information processed by the chip system 1900, or input data or signaling information to be processed by the chip system 1900.

[0386] As an option, the chip system 1900 is configured to implement the operations performed by the AP, the carrier source device, and the STA in the above method embodiments.

[0387] For example, the logic circuit 1901 is configured to implement the operations related to the processing performed by the AP, the carrier source device, and the STA in the above method embodiments; and the input / output interface 1902 is configured to implement the operations related to the sending and / or receiving performed by the AP, the carrier source device, and the STA in the above method embodiments.

[0388] The embodiments of the present application also provide a computer readable storage medium, which stores computer instructions for implementing the method performed by the AP, the carrier source device, and the STA in the above method embodiments.

[0389] For example, the computer program is executed by a computer, so that the computer can implement the method performed by the AP, the carrier source device, and the STA in the above method embodiments.

[0390] The embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product, which includes instructions executed by a computer to implement the method performed by the AP, the carrier source device, and the STA in the above method embodiments.

[0391] The embodiments of the present application also provide a communication system, which includes the AP, the carrier source device, and the STA described above. The communication system can also include one or more wireless devices.

[0392] The explanations and beneficial effects of the related contents in any of the above apparatuses can refer to the corresponding method embodiments provided above, and will not be repeated here.

[0393] In several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method can be implemented in other manners. For example, the described apparatus embodiments are merely schematic. The division of the units is merely a logical function division. There can be another division manner for the actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings or direct couplings or communication connections can be indirect couplings or communication connections through some interfaces, devices or units, and can be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0394] In the above embodiments, all or part of the embodiments can be implemented by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented by software, all or part of the embodiments can be implemented in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices. For example, the computer can be a personal computer, a server, a network device, etc. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website site, computer, server or data center to another website site, computer, server or data center through wired (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) manner. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. integrated with one or more available media sets. The available media can be a magnetic medium (such as a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (such as a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (such as a solid state disk (SSD), etc. For example, the foregoing available media includes but is not limited to: a variety of media that can store program codes such as a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.

Claims

1. A communication method characterized by comprising: The method comprises: generating a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU), the PPDU comprising N first parts, the N first parts corresponding to N first STAs one by one, each of the N first parts comprising a first carrier signal, the first carrier signal comprised in each of the N first parts being used for the corresponding first STA to send a first backscatter signal, wherein N is a positive integer; sending the PPDU.

2. A communication method characterized by comprising: The method comprises: receiving a PPDU, the PPDU comprising N first parts, the N first parts corresponding to N first STAs one by one, each of the N first parts comprising a first carrier signal, the first carrier signal comprised in each of the N first parts being used for the corresponding first STA to send a first backscatter signal, wherein N is a positive integer; parsing the PPDU.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, At least one of the N first parts further comprises a first signaling signal, the first signaling signal comprised in the at least one first part being used for indicating a type of the PPDU.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, At least one of the N first parts further comprises a first reference signal, the first reference signal comprised in the at least one first part being used for channel estimation by an access point (AP).

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, At least one of the N first parts further comprises a first synchronization signal, the first synchronization signal comprised in the at least one first part being used for indicating a starting time of the first carrier signal comprised in the corresponding first part.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, The first synchronization signal comprises: a non-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (non-OFDM) symbol; or any one of an on-off keying (OOK) symbol, an amplitude shift keying (ASK) symbol, a phase shift keying (PSK) symbol, or a frequency shift keying (FSK) symbol; or a multi-carrier on-off keying (MC-OOK) symbol.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The PPDU further comprises a second part, the second part comprising a second carrier signal, the second carrier signal being used for a second STA to send a second backscatter signal, the second part not overlapping with the N first parts in a time domain.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, The second part further comprises a second synchronization signal and / or a second reference signal, the second reference signal being used for channel estimation by an AP, the second synchronization signal being used for indicating a starting time of the second carrier signal.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, When N is greater than or equal to 2, any two of the N first parts do not overlap in a frequency domain.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein, Two adjacent first parts of the N first parts have a first interval in the frequency domain.

11. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that, The PPDU has a second interval between a frequency domain starting position of the PPDU and a frequency domain starting position of the N first parts, and / or the PPDU has a third interval between a frequency domain ending position of the PPDU and a frequency domain ending position of the N first parts.

12. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that, Wherein: Two adjacent first parts of the N first parts have a first interval in the frequency domain. The PPDU has a second interval between a frequency domain starting position of the PPDU and a frequency domain starting position of the N first parts, and / or the PPDU has a third interval between a frequency domain ending position of the PPDU and a frequency domain ending position of the N first parts. The first interval is greater than the second interval and / or the first interval is greater than the second interval.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, Wherein: The N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth; when N=1 and the first bandwidth is 1MHz, the N first parts are carried in a first non-zero input subcarrier set, and an index of the first non-zero input subcarrier set is {-1, 1}.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, Wherein: The N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth; when N=1 and the first bandwidth is 2MHz, the N first parts are carried in a first non-zero input subcarrier set, and an index of the first non-zero input subcarrier set is {-3, -1, 1, 3} or {-3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3}.

15. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, Wherein: The N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth; when N=1 and the first bandwidth is 4MHz, the N first parts are carried in a first non-zero input subcarrier set, and an index of the first non-zero input subcarrier set is {-6, -4, -2, 2, 4, 6} or {-6, -5, -4, -3, -2, -1, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}.

16. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, Wherein: The N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth; when N=1 and the first bandwidth is 6MHz, the N first parts are carried in a first non-zero input subcarrier set, and an index of the first non-zero input subcarrier set is {-9, -7, -5, -3, -1, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9} or {-9, -8, -7, -6, -5, -4, -3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}.

17. The method of any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein, Wherein: The N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth; when N=1 and the first bandwidth is 8MHz, the N first parts are carried in a first non-zero input subcarrier set, and an index of the first non-zero input subcarrier set is {-12, -10, -8, -6, -4, -2, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12} or {-12, -11, -10, -9, -8, -7, -6, -5, -4, -3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12}.

18. The method of any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein, Wherein: The N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth; when N=2 and the first bandwidth is 1MHz, the N first parts are carried in a first non-zero input subcarrier set, and an index of the first non-zero input subcarrier set is {-17, -15, 15, 17}.

19. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, Wherein: The N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth; when N=2 and the first bandwidth is 2MHz, the N first parts are carried in a first non-zero input subcarrier set, and an index of the first non-zero input subcarrier set is {-19, -17, -15, -13, 13, 15, 17, 19} or {-19, -18, -17, -15, -14, -13, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19}.

20. The method of any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein, Wherein: The N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth; when N=2 and the first bandwidth is 4MHz, the N first parts are carried in a first set of non-zero input subcarriers, indexes of the first set of non-zero input subcarriers are {-22, -20, -18, -14, -12, -10, 10, 12, 14, 18, 20, 22} or {-22, -21, -20, -19, -18, -17, -15, -14, -13, -12, -11, -10, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22}.

21. The method of any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein, Wherein: The N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth; when N=2 and the first bandwidth is 6MHz, the N first parts are carried in a first set of non-zero input subcarriers, indexes of the first set of non-zero input subcarriers are {-25, -23, -21, -19, -17, -15, -13, -11, -9, -7, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25} or {-25, -24, -23, -22, -21, -20, -19, -18, -17, -15, -14, -13, -12, -11, -10, -9, -8, -7, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25}.

22. The method of any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein, Wherein: The N first parts include N third reference signals, the N third reference signals one-to-one correspond to the N first parts, and the third reference signals are used for channel estimation by the AP; The N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth; when N=1 and the first bandwidth is 2MHz, coefficients of non-zero input subcarriers corresponding to the N third reference signals are one of the following or the following multiplied by minus one: {-1 -1 -1 1}, {-1 1 -1 -1}, {-1 1 1 1}, {-1 -1 1 -1}, or {-1 -1 -1 1 -1 1}, {-1 1 -1 1 1 1}.

23. The method of any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein, Wherein: The N first parts include N third reference signals, the N third reference signals one-to-one correspond to the N first parts, and the third reference signals are used for channel estimation by the AP; The N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth; when N=1 and the first bandwidth is 4MHz, coefficients of non-zero input subcarriers corresponding to the N third reference signals are one of the following or the following multiplied by minus one: {-1 -1 -1 1 -1 1}, {-1 1 -1 1 1 1}, {-1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1}, or {-1 -1 -1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1}.

24. The method of any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein, Wherein: The N first parts comprise N third reference signals, the N third reference signals correspond to the N first parts one by one, and the third reference signals are used for channel estimation of the AP; The N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth, when N=1 and the first bandwidth is 6MHz, coefficients of non-zero input subcarriers corresponding to the N third reference signals are one of the following or the following multiplied by negative one: {-1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1 1}, {-1 1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1}, {-1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 1 1 1}, {-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1}, {-1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1}, or {-1 -1 -1 1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1}.

25. The method of any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein, Wherein: The N first parts comprise N third reference signals, the N third reference signals correspond to the N first parts one by one, and the third reference signals are used for channel estimation of the AP; The N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth, when N=2 and the first bandwidth is 2MHz, coefficients of non-zero input subcarriers corresponding to the N third reference signals are one of the following or the following multiplied by negative one: {-1 -1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 -1}, {-1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1}, {-1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 1 1}, {-1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1}, {-1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1}, {-1 1 1 1 -1 -1 1 -1}, {-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 -1}, {-1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1}, {-1 1 -1 -1 1 1 1 -1}, {-1 -1 -1 -1 1 -1 -1 1}, {-1 -1 -1 1 1 1 -1 1}, {-1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1 1}, {-1 1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1}, {-1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 1}, {-1 1 -1 1 1 1 -1 -1}, {-1 1 1 1 -1 1 -1 -1}, {-1 -1 1 1 1 -1 1 -1}, {-1 1 1 -1 1 1 1 1}, {-1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 1}, {-1 -1 1 -1 1 1 1 -1}, {-1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1}, {-1 1 1 1 1 1 -1 1}, {-1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 -1}, {-1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1}, {-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1 -1 -1 1 -1}, or {-1 1 -1 -1 1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1}.

26. The method of any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein, wherein: the N first parts comprise N third reference signals, the N third reference signals correspond to the N first parts one by one, and the third reference signal is used for channel estimation by the AP; the N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth, when N=2 and the first bandwidth is 4MHz, coefficients of non-zero input subcarriers corresponding to the N third reference signals are one of the following or the following multiplied by minus one: {-1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1}, {-1 1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 -1}, {-1 -1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1 -1}, {-1 -1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1}, {-1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1 1 -1}, {-1 1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1 1 1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 -1}, {-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 -1}, or {-1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1}.

27. The method of any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein, wherein: the N first parts comprise N third reference signals, the N third reference signals correspond to the N first parts one by one, and the third reference signals are used for channel estimation by the AP; the N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth, when N=2 and the first bandwidth is 6MHz, coefficients of non-zero subcarriers corresponding to the N third reference signals are one of the following or the following multiplied by minus one: {-1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 1}, {-1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1}, {-1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1}, {-1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1}, {-1 -1 1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1}, {-1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1 1 -1 -1}, {-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1}, or {-1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1}.

28. The method of any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein, The N first parts correspond to a first bandwidth, and the first bandwidth is less than or equal to 20 MHz.

29. The method of any one of claims 13-28, wherein, The first bandwidth includes a sum of corresponding bandwidths of N first carrier signals and N-1 first intervals, the N first carrier signals are included in the N first parts, and a first interval in the N-1 first intervals is an interval in a frequency domain between two adjacent first parts in the N first parts.

30. The method of any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein, Wherein: The N first parts include N third reference signals, the N first parts correspond to the N third reference signals one by one, and the third reference signals are used for channel estimation by the AP. The N third reference signals correspond to a plurality of first non-zero input subcarriers and a plurality of second non-zero input subcarriers, the plurality of first non-zero input subcarriers are located on a high frequency side of a center frequency point of the PPDU, the plurality of second non-zero input subcarriers are located on a low frequency side of the center frequency point of the PPDU, when a sum of the number of the plurality of first non-zero input subcarriers and the number of the plurality of second non-zero input subcarriers is greater than 28, a coefficient of the plurality of first non-zero input subcarriers is equal to a coefficient of the plurality of second non-zero input subcarriers, or the coefficient of the plurality of first non-zero input subcarriers is equal to the coefficient of the plurality of second non-zero input subcarriers multiplied by -1.

31. The method of any one of claims 1 to 30, wherein, Further comprising: sending first information, the first information being used to indicate a starting time of a carrier signal included in at least one of the N first parts.

32. The method of any one of claims 1 to 31, wherein, Wherein: the PPDU includes a preamble, the preamble being used for channel avoidance by the first device, the preamble being located before the first synchronization signal and the first carrier signal in a frame format; or the PPDU does not include a preamble.

33. The method of claim 32, wherein, The preamble at least includes one of the following: a long training sequence, a short training sequence, a binary phase shift keying (BPSK) marker, or signaling.

34. The method of any one of claims 1 or 3-33, wherein, The method is applied to an AP, the AP including a first antenna and a second antenna, wherein: sending the PPDU includes: the AP sending the PPDU through the first antenna; The method further includes: the AP receiving the first backscatter signal from the first STA through the second antenna.

35. The method of any one of claims 1 or 3-33, wherein, The method is applied to a second device, and the method further includes: receiving second information from an AP, the second information being used to trigger the second device to send the PPDU.

36. A method of communication, comprising: Including: an AP sending second information, the second information being used to trigger a second device to send a first PPDU, the first PPDU being sent through a first channel, the first PPDU including a carrier signal, the carrier signal being used for a STA to send a backscatter signal; an AP sending a second PPDU using a second channel, the second channel partially or entirely overlapping the first channel in a frequency domain, the second PPDU including a preamble.

37. The method of claim 36, wherein, Further comprising: the AP sending third information, the third information being used to indicate required parameters for the second device to send the first PPDU, the third information including information of the first channel.

38. A method of communication, comprising: Including: receiving a backscatter signal from a STA, the backscatter signal including a first sequence and data, the first sequence being used to indicate a starting time of the data; parsing the backscatter signal.

39. The method of claim 38, wherein, The starting time of the first sequence overlaps the starting time of the backscatter signal.

40. The method of claim 38 or 39, wherein, The first sequence is included in one of the following signals of the backscatter signal: a synchronization signal or a delimiter signal.

41. The method of any one of claims 38 to 40, characterized in that, The method further includes: sending a PPDU, the PPDU including a carrier signal for the STA to send the backscatter signal, the PPDU further including a preamble and / or a reference signal; The receiving the backscatter signal from the STA includes: receiving the backscatter signal from the STA at a first time, the first time being the same as a starting time of the carrier signal or being after the starting time of the carrier signal.

42. The method of any of claims 38-41, wherein: The method further includes: sending a first frame, the first frame being used to trigger a second device to send a PPDU, the PPDU including a carrier signal for the STA to send the backscatter signal, the PPDU further including a preamble and / or a reference signal; The receiving the backscatter signal from the STA includes: receiving the backscatter signal from the STA after a first interval; The first interval includes a second interval and a third interval, the second interval being an interval between an ending time of the first frame and a starting time of the PPDU, and a corresponding time length of the third interval being greater than or equal to an occupied time length of the preamble and / or the reference signal.

43. The method of claim 42, wherein, The first frame is used for the STA and the second device to parse.

44. A method of communication, the method comprising: includes: generating a backscatter signal, the backscatter signal including a first sequence and data, the first sequence being used to indicate a starting time of the data; sending the backscatter signal to an AP.

45. The method of claim 44, wherein, The starting time of the first sequence overlaps with a starting time of the backscatter signal.

46. The method of claim 44 or 45, wherein, The first sequence is included in one of the following signals of the backscatter signal: a synchronization signal or a delimiter signal.

47. The method of any of claims 44-46, wherein: The method further includes: receiving a PPDU from a second device, wherein the PPDU includes a carrier signal, a preamble, and / or a reference signal; The generating the backscatter signal includes: generating the backscatter signal according to the carrier signal at a first time; The first time is the same as a starting time of the carrier signal or is after the starting time of the carrier signal.

48. The method of any of claims 45-47, wherein: The method further includes: receiving a first frame, the first frame being used to trigger a second device to send a PPDU; and receiving the PPDU from the second device, wherein the PPDU includes a carrier signal, a preamble, and / or a reference signal; The generating the backscatter signal includes: generating the backscatter signal according to the carrier signal after a first interval; The first interval includes a second interval and a third interval, the second interval being an interval between an ending time of the first frame and a starting time of the PPDU, and a corresponding time length of the third interval being greater than or equal to an occupied time length of the preamble and / or the reference signal.

49. The method of claim 48, wherein, The first frame is used for the STA and the second device to parse.

50. A communications device, characterized by includes: A module or unit for performing the method of any one of claims 1 and 3-35, or comprising a module or unit for performing the method of any one of claims 2-35, or comprising a module or unit for performing the method of any one of claims 36-37, or comprising a module or unit for performing the method of any one of claims 38-43, or comprising a module or unit for performing the method of any one of claims 44-49.

51. A communications device, characterized by An apparatus comprising a memory for storing a computer program; and one or more processors for executing the computer program in the memory to cause the apparatus to perform the method of any one of claims 1 and 3-35, or to cause the apparatus to perform the method of any one of claims 2-35, or the one or more processors are for executing the computer program in the memory to cause the apparatus to perform the method of any one of claims 36-37, or the one or more processors are for executing the computer program in the memory to cause the apparatus to perform the method of any one of claims 38-43, or the one or more processors are for executing the computer program in the memory to cause the apparatus to perform the method of any one of claims 44-49.

52. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product comprises instructions for performing the method of any one of claims 1 to 49.

53. A computer-readable storage medium, comprising: The computer program product comprises instructions for performing the method of any one of claims 1 to 49. The computer readable storage medium stores a computer program; the computer program, when running on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 49.

54. A chip, comprising: The chip is installed in a communication apparatus, the chip comprises a processor and a communication interface, the processor reads instructions through the communication interface and runs, causes the communication apparatus to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 49.

Images