Antenna unit, antenna module, antenna system and communication device

Abstract

An antenna unit, an antenna module, an antenna system and a communication device, which relate to the technical field of communications. The antenna unit comprises a bottom plate, a first side plate and a second side plate. The first side plate and the second side plate are respectively connected to two sides of the bottom plate in a first direction, and the first side plate and the second side plate are spaced apart, such that the structure of the antenna unit can achieve horizontal polarization; and the antenna unit is of a symmetrical structure, and a feed point is located on the plane of symmetry of the antenna unit, such that by using the plane of symmetry as a dividing plane, the antenna unit can be equivalently divided into a first antenna portion and a second antenna portion, and the first antenna portion and the second antenna portion are connected in parallel to form a two-element array, thereby facilitating the antenna unit having a higher radiation intensity and realizing the miniaturization of the antenna unit.

Description

Antenna unit, antenna module, antenna system and communication device

[0001] The present application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202510352541.9, filed on March 24, 2025, entitled "Antenna unit, antenna module, antenna system and communication device", the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, in particular to an antenna unit, an antenna module, an antenna system and a communication device. BACKGROUND

[0003] The combination of vertical polarization antennas and horizontal polarization antennas can improve the performance of the antenna system. By bending the slotted conductor sheet into a tubular shape, a columnar slot antenna with a cavity can be formed. The path impedance of the columnar slot antenna in its circumferential direction is very low, so that most of the current tends to flow in a horizontal ring around the circumferential direction of the columnar slot antenna, thereby realizing the construction of a horizontal polarization antenna.

[0004] However, the resonant frequency of the columnar slot antenna is affected by its volume size. In order to ensure that the columnar slot antenna can work at a certain resonant frequency, the columnar slot antenna usually needs to have a large volume, which is not conducive to miniaturization. At the same time, the columnar slot antenna has a large radiation intensity on the side where the slot is provided, which leads to poor directivity of the radiation pattern of the columnar slot antenna, which is not conducive to realizing omnidirectional radiation coverage. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides an antenna unit, an antenna module, an antenna system and a communication device. The antenna unit with a symmetrical structure is constructed by a bottom plate, a first side plate and a second side plate, and the feed point of the antenna unit is located on the symmetry plane, so that the antenna parts on both sides of the symmetry plane can form a binary array, solving the problems of small radiation intensity and large volume of the antenna unit.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides an antenna unit, comprising: a bottom plate, a first side plate and a second side plate, the first side plate and the second side plate are respectively connected to the two sides of the bottom plate in a first direction, the first side plate and the second side plate are spaced apart in the first direction, and the first side plate, the bottom plate and the second side plate enclose a space; the antenna unit is symmetrically arranged, the second side plate is grounded, the first side plate has a feed point away from the edge of the bottom plate, the feed point is located at the center of the first side plate in a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0007] The antenna unit provided in the application comprises a bottom plate, a first side plate and a second side plate, the first side plate and the second side plate are connected with the two sides of the bottom plate in the first direction respectively, and the first side plate and the second side plate are arranged at intervals, so that the first side plate, the bottom plate and the second side plate enclose a space, which ensures that the antenna unit forms a columnar slot antenna and is conducive to realizing horizontal polarization of the antenna unit.

[0008] The first side plate has a feeding point, and there is a potential difference between the first side plate and the second side plate, so that the current can flow from the first side plate to the second side plate through the bottom plate away from the edge of the bottom plate, realizing the annular flow of the current around the antenna unit. The antenna unit is a symmetrical structure, and the feeding point is located at the center of the first side plate in the second direction, so that the antenna unit on the two sides in the second direction can be equivalently divided into a first part antenna and a second part antenna with the feeding point as a dividing point, the first part antenna and the second part antenna are connected in parallel to form a binary array, so that the fields of the first part antenna and the second part antenna can be superimposed, which is conducive to the antenna unit having a larger radiation intensity and realizing the miniaturization of the antenna unit.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the antenna unit comprises a first working frequency and a second working frequency, and the length of the edge of the first side plate away from the bottom plate is 1 times the wavelength corresponding to the first working frequency, and the length of the edge of the first side plate away from the bottom plate is 1.5 times the wavelength corresponding to the second working frequency.

[0010] In the embodiment, by making the length of the edge of the first side plate provided with the feeding point away from the bottom plate be 1 times the wavelength corresponding to the first working frequency, and the length of the edge be 1.5 times the wavelength corresponding to the second working frequency, the antenna unit can work at two different resonant frequencies and have a larger radiation intensity, and by adjusting the length of the edge of the antenna unit where the feeding point is located, the antenna unit can have a wider working frequency band and improve the applicability of the antenna unit.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the first side plate is perpendicular to the first direction, the second side plate is parallel to the first side plate, and the sum of the length of the first side plate protruding from the bottom plate, the length of the second side plate protruding from the bottom plate and the distance between the first side plate and the second side plate is 1 / 4 of the wavelength corresponding to the first working frequency.

[0012] In the embodiment, by making the first side plate be perpendicular to the first direction and the second side plate be parallel to the first side plate, the shape of the antenna unit is set, so that the structure of the antenna unit is folded, which is conducive to realizing the miniaturization of the antenna unit, and at the same time, the length of the first side plate and the second side plate protruding from the bottom plate and the interval distance between the first side plate and the second side plate are reasonably limited, which is conducive to ensuring that the antenna unit works stably at the first working frequency.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the first side plate comprises a first extension and a second extension, two sides of the first extension are connected with the bottom plate and the second extension respectively, the second extension and the first extension have an included angle, and the second extension is located at a side of the first extension close to the second side plate.

[0014] In this embodiment, by making the first side plate comprise the first extension and the second extension connected with each other, the second extension and the first extension have an included angle, and the second extension is located at a side of the first extension close to the second side plate, the folding of the structure of the first side plate is realized, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the antenna unit. Meanwhile, the feed point is located at an edge of the second extension away from the first extension, so that the spacing distance between the feed point and the second side plate is reduced, which is beneficial to the simplification of the feed structure between the first side plate and the second side plate.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the first extension is perpendicular to the bottom plate, and the second extension is parallel to the bottom plate.

[0016] In this embodiment, by making the first extension be perpendicular to the bottom plate and the second extension be parallel to the bottom plate, the structural arrangement of the antenna unit is simplified, and the structural stability of the antenna unit is ensured.

[0017] In a possible implementation, two ends of the second extension are flush with two ends of the first extension, the sum of the length of the second extension protruding from the first extension, the length of the first extension protruding from the bottom plate, the length of the second side plate protruding from the bottom plate, and the distance between the first side plate and the second side plate is 1 / 4 of the wavelength corresponding to the first working frequency.

[0018] In this embodiment, by making the two ends of the second extension be flush with the two ends of the first extension, the electrical length of the end of the antenna unit in the second direction includes the length of the second extension protruding from the first extension, which is beneficial to ensuring the stable operation of the antenna unit at the first working frequency in the case of folding of the structure of the first side plate.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the first side plate further comprises a third extension, the third extension is connected with the second extension, the third extension is located at a side of the second extension close to the second side plate, the third extension is arranged in a spaced manner with the first extension, two ends of the third extension are located between the two ends of the second extension, and the third extension has the feed point.

[0020] In the embodiment, the first side plate further comprises a third extension part, the third extension part is connected with the second extension part, and the third extension part is located at a side of the second extension part close to the second side plate, so that the folding degree of the first side plate is further improved, and the miniaturization of the antenna unit is facilitated. The feeding point is located at an edge of the third extension part away from the second extension part, so that the interval distance between the feeding point and the second side plate is further reduced, the setting of the feeding structure between the first side plate and the second side plate is facilitated, and the setting of the third extension part does not affect the electrical length of the end of the antenna unit in the second direction.

[0021] In a possible implementation, the length of the edge of the first side plate away from the bottom plate is the sum of the extension length of the second extension part in the second direction and twice the length of the third extension part protruding from the second extension part.

[0022] In the embodiment, the third extension part is arranged to fold the edge of the first side plate away from the bottom plate, so that the length of the antenna unit in the second direction is reduced, and the miniaturization of the antenna unit is facilitated.

[0023] In a possible implementation, in a plane perpendicular to the first direction, the projection of the first side plate is located in the projection range of the second side plate.

[0024] In the embodiment, the projection of the first side plate in the plane perpendicular to the first direction is located in the projection range of the second side plate, so that the first side plate can be completely opposite to the second side plate, and the columnar slot antenna of the antenna unit is facilitated.

[0025] In a second aspect, the application provides an antenna module, comprising at least two antenna units according to any one of the embodiments of the first aspect, wherein the opening direction of one of the antenna units and the opening direction of another of the antenna units have an included angle.

[0026] The antenna module provided by the application comprises at least two antenna units, and the opening direction of one of the antenna units and the opening direction of another of the antenna units have an included angle, so that the at least two antenna units included in the antenna module can respectively realize omnidirectional coverage and directional coverage, and the antenna module has wider applicability.

[0027] In a possible implementation, the antenna module includes a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit, the first antenna unit includes a first bottom plate, an upper first side plate and an upper second side plate, the second antenna unit includes a second bottom plate, a lower first side plate and a lower second side plate, the upper second side plate and the second bottom plate are stacked, the first bottom plate and the upper first side plate are located on a side of the upper second side plate away from the second antenna unit, and the lower first side plate and the lower second side plate are located on a side of the second bottom plate away from the first antenna unit.

[0028] In this embodiment, the relative positions of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are limited, thereby simplifying the arrangement of the antenna module structure.

[0029] In a possible implementation, the upper second side plate and the second bottom plate are in an integrated structure.

[0030] In this embodiment, the upper second side plate and the second bottom plate are in an integrated structure, which is conducive to further simplifying the arrangement of the antenna module structure and realizing miniaturization of the antenna module.

[0031] In a possible implementation, the upper second side plate and the second bottom plate are circuit boards, and the first bottom plate, the upper first side plate, the lower first side plate and the lower second side plate are metal pieces.

[0032] In this embodiment, the upper second side plate and the second bottom plate are circuit boards, and the first bottom plate, the upper first side plate, the lower first side plate and the lower second side plate are metal pieces, so that the antenna module can be formed by using circuit boards or metal structures, which is conducive to simplifying the arrangement of the antenna module.

[0033] In a third aspect, the application further provides an antenna system, including a switch, at least two vertically polarized antenna units and the antenna unit of any one of the first aspect, the switch being used for controlling the vertically polarized antenna units and the antenna unit to work alternately.

[0034] The antenna system provided by the application includes a switch, at least two vertically polarized antenna units and an antenna unit, and the switch controls one of the vertically polarized antenna units and the antenna unit to work alternately, so that the antenna system can realize two polarization schemes, the antenna system can take into account the advantages of the two schemes, and better signal transmission can be realized in a wider distance range, which is conducive to improving the applicability of the antenna system.

[0035] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a communication device comprising the antenna unit of any one of the first aspect, the antenna module of any one of the second aspect, or the antenna system of the third aspect. The antenna unit of the communication device comprises a circuit board and a metal piece, and the circuit board and the metal piece have a potential difference therebetween. The metal piece has the feeding point and the heat dissipation structure.

[0036] The communication device provided by the present application comprises the antenna unit, the antenna module or the antenna system. The antenna unit of the communication device comprises a circuit board and a metal piece, and the circuit board and the metal piece have a potential difference therebetween. The metal piece has the feeding point and the heat dissipation structure. The circuit board and the metal piece have a potential difference therebetween, and a circulation can be formed between the circuit board and the metal piece. The metal piece can realize the heat dissipation function and forms part of the antenna unit. Similarly, the circuit board also forms part of the antenna unit, which is conducive to fully utilizing the existing metal piece and circuit board structure of the communication device and realizing the miniaturization of the communication device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Fig. 2 is a top view of the antenna unit provided by the embodiment shown in Fig. 1;

[0039] Fig. 3 is a top view of the antenna unit working at a first working frequency provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Fig. 4 is a top view of the antenna unit working at a second working frequency provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Fig. 5 is a front view of the antenna unit provided by the embodiment shown in Fig. 1;

[0042] Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of an antenna unit with a second extension provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Fig. 7 is a front view of the antenna unit provided by the embodiment shown in Fig. 6;

[0044] Fig. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of an antenna unit with a third extension provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Fig. 9 is a front view of the antenna unit provided by the embodiment shown in Fig. 8;

[0046] Fig. 10 is a top view of the antenna unit provided by the embodiment shown in Fig. 8;

[0047] Fig. 11 is a structural schematic diagram of an antenna unit with a circuit board enclosing an opening provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] FIG. 12 is a structural diagram of an antenna unit opposite to a circuit board according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] FIG. 13 is a structural diagram of an antenna module with two antenna units according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] FIG. 14 is a structural diagram of an antenna module with four antenna units according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] FIG. 15 is a system diagram of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] FIG. 16 is a structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[0054] For the convenience of understanding, the English abbreviations and related technical terms involved in the embodiments of the present application will be explained and described below.

[0055] It should be clear that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor, fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0056] The terms used in the embodiments of the present application are only for the purpose of describing the specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present application. The singular forms "a", "an" and "the" used in the embodiments of the present application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0057] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used herein only describes the same field of associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this paper generally represents that the front and rear associated objects are a "or" relationship.

[0058] Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein can be interpreted as "when" or "upon" or "in response to determining" or "in response to detecting". Similarly, depending on the context, the phrase "if it is determined" or "if (a stated condition or event) is detected" can be interpreted as "when it is determined" or "in response to determining" or "when (a stated condition or event) is detected" or "in response to detecting (a stated condition or event)".

[0059] It should be understood that "first", "second", etc. used in the present application are only for the purpose of distinguishing description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance, nor can it be understood as indicating or implying sequence.

[0060] In the description of the present application, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0061] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that due to manufacturing or assembly errors, there may be some angular deviation within 15 degrees under the design that should be perpendicular or parallel, which is also considered to be perpendicular or parallel in the present embodiment.

[0062] The "in the range" used in the present application includes the two end values of the range by default, unless it is specifically indicated that the end value is not included, for example, in the range of 1 to 5, including the two values of 1 and 5. In the present application, "at least one" means "one or more", and "at least two" means "two or more".

[0063] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise specifically specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, or it can be a detachable connection, or it can be a resisting connection or an integral connection; For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0064] It should be understood that in the present application, "electrical connection" can be understood as physical contact and electrical conduction of components; It can also be understood as a form of connection between different components in the circuit structure through the entity line of the copper foil or wire of the printed circuit board (PCB) that can transmit signals. "Connection", "connection" can refer to a mechanical connection relationship or a physical connection relationship, for example, A and B are connected or A and B are connected, which means that there is a fastening component (such as a screw, bolt, rivet, etc.) between A and B, or A and B are in contact with each other and A and B are difficult to separate.

[0065] In the present application, the electrical length can refer to the product of the physical length (i.e. the mechanical length or the geometric length) and the ratio of the transmission time of the electrical or electromagnetic signal in the medium to the time required for the signal to pass through the same distance in free space as the physical length of the medium. The electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

[0066] wherein L is the physical length, a is the transmission time of the electrical or electromagnetic signal in the medium, and b is the transmission time in free space.

[0067] Alternatively, the electrical length can also refer to the ratio of the physical length (i.e. the mechanical length or the geometric length) to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave, and the electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

[0068] wherein L is the physical length, and λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

[0069] According to the difference in polarization direction, the antenna units can be divided into horizontal polarization antenna units and vertical polarization antenna units, two vertical polarization antenna units form a vertical polarization antenna unit pair, the receiving effect of the vertical polarization antenna unit pair on the horizontal polarization signal is poor, and the correlation of the signal amplitudes received by the two vertical polarization antenna units is strong, resulting in that the polarization matching capability of the vertical polarization antenna unit pair is low and the envelope correlation is high. A single vertical polarization antenna unit and a single horizontal polarization antenna unit form a vertical polarization and horizontal polarization antenna unit pair, the vertical polarization antenna unit and the horizontal polarization antenna unit pair have good receiving effects on the vertical polarization signal and the horizontal polarization signal, and the vertical polarization antenna unit and the horizontal polarization antenna unit have low envelope correlation, so that the vertical polarization and horizontal polarization antenna unit pair has higher polarization matching capability and lower envelope correlation than the vertical polarization antenna unit pair. Therefore, the combination of the vertical polarization antenna unit and the horizontal polarization antenna unit can improve the performance of the antenna system.

[0070] The columnar slot antenna can construct a horizontal polarization antenna unit, by bending the slotted conductor sheet into a tubular shape, a columnar slot antenna with a cavity can be formed, the path impedance of the columnar slot antenna in its circumferential direction is very low, so that most of the current tends to flow in a horizontal ring around the circumferential direction of the columnar slot antenna, when the columnar slot antenna is vertically placed along its axial direction, the columnar slot antenna is horizontally polarized.

[0071] However, the resonant frequency of the columnar slot antenna is affected by the size of its volume, generally, the larger the volume of the columnar slot antenna and the longer the length, the higher the resonant frequency generated by the columnar slot antenna, in order to ensure that the columnar slot antenna can work at a certain resonant frequency, the volume of the columnar slot antenna needs to be sacrificed, which is not conducive to the miniaturization of the columnar slot antenna. At the same time, the slot direction of the columnar slot antenna will affect its radiation pattern, generally, the columnar slot antenna has a large radiation intensity on the side provided with the slot, resulting in poor roundness of the radiation pattern of the columnar slot antenna, which is not conducive to realizing omnidirectional radiation coverage.

[0072] The application provides an antenna unit 100, please refer to Figure 1, Figure 1 shows the structural schematic diagram of the antenna unit 100 provided by the embodiment of the application, the antenna unit 100 comprises a bottom plate 11, a first side plate 12 and a second side plate 13, the first side plate 12 and the second side plate 13 are connected with two sides of the bottom plate 11 in a first direction (such as the X direction shown in Figure 1) respectively, and the first side plate 12 and the second side plate 13 both protrude from the bottom plate 11 in a third direction (such as the Z direction shown in Figure 1), and the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction. The first side plate 12 and the second side plate 13 are arranged at intervals in a second direction (such as the Y direction shown in Figure 1), and the first side plate 12 and the second side plate 13 both have an angle with the first direction, so that the first side plate 12, the bottom plate 11 and the second side plate 13 together enclose a space, the space constitutes a cavity of the antenna unit 100, and the antenna unit 100 has an opening, the opening constitutes a slot of the antenna unit 100, and the cross-sectional shape of the antenna unit 100 is approximately U-shaped. The opening of the antenna unit 100 is arranged opposite to the bottom plate 11, and the edge of the first side plate 12 away from the bottom plate 11 and the edge of the second side plate 13 away from the bottom plate 11 enclose the opening, so as to ensure that the antenna unit 100 forms a columnar slot antenna, which is beneficial to the realization of horizontal polarization of the antenna unit 100.

[0073] Please refer to Figure 1, the edge of the first side plate 12 away from the bottom plate 11 has a feeding point 14, and the second side plate 13 can be grounded, so that there is a potential difference between the first side plate 12 and the second side plate 13, and the current can flow from the edge of the first side plate 12 away from the bottom plate 11 to the second side plate 13 through the bottom plate 11, so as to realize the circular flow of the current around the antenna unit 100. The antenna unit 100 is a symmetrical structure, and the antenna unit 100 is arranged symmetrically with respect to a symmetry plane 15, the symmetry plane 15 is parallel to the first direction and the third direction, and the feeding point 14 is located on the symmetry plane 15, so that the feeding point 14 is located at the center of the edge of the first side plate 12 away from the bottom plate 11 in the second direction.

[0074] Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, FIG. 2 shows a top view of the antenna unit 100 provided by the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the antenna unit 100 can be equivalently divided into a first part antenna 101 and a second part antenna 102 with a symmetry plane 15 as a dividing plane, the first part antenna 101 and the second part antenna 102 are arranged side by side in a second direction (Y direction shown in FIG. 1), the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the third direction, and the first part antenna 101 and the second part antenna 102 are connected in parallel to form a binary array. Since the first part antenna 101 and the second part antenna 102 are fed by the same feeding point 14, and the feeding point 14 is located on the symmetry plane 15 of the antenna unit 100, the length of the first part antenna 101 and the length of the second part antenna 102 are the same, therefore, the radiation frequency and the radiation phase of the first part antenna 101 and the second part antenna 102 are the same, the field of the first part antenna 101 and the field of the second part antenna 102 can be superimposed, which is beneficial to the antenna unit 100 having a larger radiation intensity.

[0075] In addition, in the process of superimposing the fields of the two antennas in the conventional way, the two antennas usually need to be fed respectively, and the two antennas need to have a certain interval in the setting position, therefore, under the condition of realizing the same radiation intensity, the structure of the antenna unit 100 provided by the present application is simpler, and the space required for interval setting is saved, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the antenna unit 100.

[0076] The feeding point 14 of the antenna unit 100 is located at the edge of the first side plate 12 away from the bottom plate 11, the length of the edge where the feeding point 14 is located can affect the resonant frequency, by adjusting the length of the antenna unit 100 in the second direction, the resonant frequency of the antenna unit 100 and the flow direction of the current on the antenna unit 100 can be adjusted, and different gain effects of the antenna unit 100 can be realized. The relationship between the structure of the antenna unit 100 and the resonant frequency will be described in detail below in combination with the embodiments shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4.

[0077] In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 3, FIG. 3 shows a top view of the antenna unit 100 operating at the first operating frequency according to an embodiment of the present application, the length of the first side plate 12 away from the edge of the bottom plate 11 is L, and the wavelength corresponding to the first operating frequency of the antenna unit 100 is λ1. When the antenna unit 100 operates at the first operating frequency, the antenna unit 100 satisfies the relationship L = λ1, so that the length of the first side plate 12 away from the edge of the bottom plate 11 is 1 times the wavelength corresponding to the first operating frequency. Since the feed point 14 is located at the center of the edge of the first side plate 12 away from the bottom plate 11, the length of the edge of the first side plate 12 away from the bottom plate 11 at the first part antenna 101 and the second part antenna 102 is 0.5λ1, and the first part antenna 101 and the second part antenna 102 with the two electrical lengths of 0.5λ1 are fed in parallel to form a binary array, and the resonant frequencies are equal, which is beneficial to the antenna unit 100 having a larger radiation intensity at the first operating frequency.

[0078] In this embodiment, referring to FIG. 3, the current flow direction on the entire antenna unit 100 is the same, and the current flow direction is the first current flow direction, which is the direction from the feed point 14 to the bottom plate 11 through the first side plate 12, and then to the second side plate 13 through the bottom plate 11, so that the antenna unit 100 has a clear high-gain binary array directional diagram without obvious side lobes, and can better achieve the omnidirectional coverage of the antenna unit 100.

[0079] In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 4, FIG. 4 shows a top view of the antenna unit 100 operating at the second operating frequency according to an embodiment of the present application, the length of the first side plate 12 away from the edge of the bottom plate 11 is L, and the wavelength corresponding to the second operating frequency of the antenna unit 100 is λ2. When the antenna unit 100 operates at the second operating frequency, the antenna unit 100 satisfies the relationship L = 1.5λ2, so that the length of the first side plate 12 away from the edge of the bottom plate 11 is 1.5 times the wavelength corresponding to the second operating frequency. Since the feed point 14 is located at the center of the edge of the first side plate 12 away from the bottom plate 11, the length of the edge of the first side plate 12 away from the bottom plate 11 at the first part antenna 101 and the second part antenna 102 is 0.75λ2, and the first part antenna 101 and the second part antenna 102 with the two electrical lengths of 0.75λ2 are fed in parallel to form a binary array, and the resonant frequencies are equal, which is beneficial to the antenna unit 100 having a larger radiation intensity at the second operating frequency.

[0080] In this embodiment, referring to FIG. 4, since the mode of the antenna unit 100 is the high-order mode at this time, the circulation direction of the current on the antenna unit 100 changes, and the circulation direction of the current in different regions of the antenna unit 100 is different. The current is transmitted in the first circulation direction in the region where the first part antenna 101 and the second part antenna 102 are less than or equal to 0.5λ2 away from the symmetry plane 15, and the current is transmitted in the second circulation direction in the region where the first part antenna 101 and the second part antenna 102 are greater than 0.5λ2 away from the symmetry plane 15. The second circulation direction is the direction in which the second side plate 13 passes through the bottom plate 11, and then flows to the first side plate 12 through the bottom plate 11, so that the second circulation direction is opposite to the first circulation direction. The two ends of the antenna unit 100 in the second direction (Y direction shown in FIG. 4) have opposite currents compared with the central region. At this time, the antenna unit 100 has a side lobe in the radiation pattern, and has a large radiation intensity in a certain direction, which can better realize the directional coverage of the antenna unit 100.

[0081] It can be understood that in this embodiment, the region where the current is transmitted in the second circulation direction is the region where the first part antenna 101 and the second part antenna 102 are greater than 0.5λ2 and less than or equal to 0.75λ2 away from the symmetry plane 15. When the length of the antenna unit 100 is further increased, the circulation direction of the current on the antenna unit 100 will also change correspondingly.

[0082] From the above-mentioned embodiments of FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, it can be seen that by locating the feeding point 14 on the symmetry plane 15 of the antenna unit 100, the antenna unit 100 can also work at different first working frequencies and second working frequencies. By adjusting the length of the edge where the feeding point 14 of the antenna unit 100 is located, the coverage of the antenna unit 100 from the first working frequency to the second working frequency can be realized, which is beneficial to ensure that the antenna unit 100 has a wider working frequency band and improves the applicability of the antenna unit 100. For example, the first working frequency is 5.45 GHz, and the second working frequency is 6.5 GHz. By adjusting the length of the edge where the feeding point 14 of the antenna unit 100 is located, the coverage of the Wi-Fi 5G full frequency band can be realized.

[0083] Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 5, FIG. 5 shows a front view of the antenna unit 100 provided by the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the resonant frequency of the antenna unit 100 is affected by the electrical length of the end of the antenna unit 100 in the second direction (Y direction shown in FIG. 1), the second side plate 13 has a corresponding point of the feed point 14, the projection of the feed point 14 on the second side plate 13 along the first direction coincides with the corresponding point, the electrical length of the end of the antenna unit 100 in the second direction is the minimum distance from the feed point 14 to the corresponding point through the first side plate 12, the bottom plate 11 and the second side plate 13 in turn, that is, the sum of the edge length of the first side plate 12 protruding from the bottom plate 11, the edge length of the second side plate 13 protruding from the bottom plate 11 and the spacing distance between the first side plate 12 and the second side plate 13. The relationship between the structural arrangement of the antenna unit 100 and the edge length will be described in detail below in combination with the embodiments shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 5 to FIG. 10.

[0084] In an embodiment, please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 5, the first side plate 12 and the second side plate 13 are both flat plates, the first side plate 12 is perpendicular to the first direction (X direction shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 5), the second side plate 13 is parallel to the first side plate 12, so that the second side plate 13 is also perpendicular to the first direction, the length of the first side plate 12 protruding from the bottom plate 11 is R1, that is, the height of the first side plate 12 protruding from the bottom plate 11 in the third direction (Z direction shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 5), the length of the second side plate 13 protruding from the bottom plate 11 is R3, that is, the height of the second side plate 13 protruding from the bottom plate 11 in the third direction, the spacing distance between the end of the first side plate 12 connected with the bottom plate 11 and the end of the second side plate 13 connected with the bottom plate 11 is R2, that is, the spacing distance between the first side plate 12 and the second side plate 13 in the first direction is R2. Taking the electrical length of the end of the antenna unit 100 in the second direction as R, the antenna unit 100 satisfies the relationship: R = R1 + R2 + R3; R = 1 / 4λ1, so that the electrical length of the end of the antenna unit 100 in the second direction is 1 / 4 of the wavelength corresponding to the first working frequency.

[0085] By making the antenna unit 100 satisfy the above relationship, the lengths of the first side plate 12 and the second side plate 13 protruding from the bottom plate 11 and the spacing distance between the first side plate 12 and the second side plate 13 are reasonably limited, which is conducive to ensuring that the antenna unit 100 works stably at the first working frequency, and at the same time, the first side plate 12 and the second side plate 13 both have an included angle with the bottom plate 11, so that the structure of the antenna unit 100 is folded, which is conducive to realizing the miniaturization of the antenna unit 100.

[0086] Exemplarily, please refer to FIG. 5, the length of the first side plate 12 protruding from the bottom plate 11 is the same as the length of the second side plate 13 protruding from the bottom plate 11, which is conducive to simplifying the structural arrangement of the antenna unit 100.

[0087] In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, FIG. 6 shows a structural schematic diagram of the antenna unit 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application, and FIG. 7 shows a front view of the antenna unit 100 provided by the embodiment shown in FIG. 6. The first side plate 12 includes the first extension 121 and the second extension 122. The first extension 121 is connected with the bottom plate 11 and the second extension 122 respectively on both sides of the first extension 121 in the third direction (Z direction shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7). The second extension 122 and the first extension 121 have an included angle, and the second extension 122 is located on the side of the first extension 121 close to the second side plate 13, so that the second extension 122 protrudes from the first extension 121 in the first direction (X direction shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7). The bottom plate 11, the first extension 121 and the second extension 122 enclose a space.

[0088] By making the first side plate 12 include the first extension 121 and the second extension 122 having an included angle, the folding of the structure of the first side plate 12 is realized, which is conducive to realizing the miniaturization of the antenna unit 100. The feeding point 14 is located on the edge of the second extension 122 away from the first extension 121. Since the second extension 122 is located on the side of the first extension 121 close to the second side plate 13, the distance between the feeding point 14 and the second side plate 13 is reduced, which is conducive to simplifying the setting of the feeding structure between the first side plate 12 and the second side plate 13, so that the antenna unit 100 can select a more diverse feeding mode, including but not limited to feeding by feeding wire, coupling feeding, etc.

[0089] In this embodiment, referring to FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, in the second direction (Y direction shown in FIG. 6), the two ends of the second extension 122 and the two ends of the first extension 121 are flush, so that the electrical length of the end of the antenna unit 100 in the second direction includes the length of the second extension 122 protruding from the first extension 121. Taking the length of the first extension 121 protruding from the bottom plate 11 as r1, and the length of the second extension 122 protruding from the first extension 121 as r2, the first side plate 12 satisfies the relationship: R1=r1+r2; and the antenna unit 100 satisfies the relationship: R=r1+r2+R2+R3; R=1 / 4λ1, so that the electrical length of the end of the antenna unit 100 in the second direction is 1 / 4 of the wavelength corresponding to the first operating frequency.

[0090] By making the antenna unit 100 satisfy the above relationship, the length of the first extension 121 protruding from the bottom plate 11, the length of the second extension 122 protruding from the first extension 121, the length of the second side plate 13 protruding from the bottom plate 11, and the distance between the first side plate 12 and the second side plate 13 are reasonably limited, which is conducive to ensuring the stable operation of the antenna unit 100 at the first operating frequency under the condition that the structure of the first side plate 12 is folded.

[0091] Exemplarily, referring to FIG. 7, the first extension 121 and the second extension 122 are both flat plates, the first extension 121 is perpendicular to the bottom plate 11, and the second extension 122 is parallel to the bottom plate 11, so that the length of the first extension 121 protruding from the bottom plate 11 is the height of the first extension 121 protruding from the bottom plate 11 in the third direction, and the length of the second extension 122 protruding from the first extension 121 is the length of the second extension 122 protruding from the first extension 121 in the first direction, which is conducive to simplifying the structural arrangement of the antenna unit 100 and ensuring the structural stability of the antenna unit 100.

[0092] In an embodiment, referring to FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, FIG. 8 shows a structural schematic diagram of an antenna unit 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application, and FIG. 9 shows a front view of the antenna unit 100 provided by the embodiment shown in FIG. 8. The first side plate 12 includes the first extension 121, the second extension 122, and the third extension 123. The first extension 121 is connected to the bottom plate 11 and the second extension 122 on both sides thereof in the third direction (for example, the Z direction shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9). The second extension 122 and the first extension 121 have an included angle, and the second extension 122 is located on the side of the first extension 121 close to the second side plate 13, so that the second extension 122 protrudes from the first extension 121 in the first direction (for example, the X direction shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9). The third extension 123 is connected to the second extension 122, and the third extension 123 is located on the side of the second extension 122 close to the second side plate 13. The third extension 123 is arranged apart from the first extension 121, so that the bottom plate 11, the first extension 121, the second extension 122, and the third extension 123 enclose a space.

[0093] By arranging the first extension 121 and the second extension 122 of the first side plate 12 to have an included angle, the folding of the structure of the first side plate 12 is realized. By arranging the third extension 123 on the side of the second extension 122 close to the second side plate 13, the folding degree of the first side plate 12 is further improved, which is conducive to realizing the miniaturization of the antenna unit 100. The feeding point 14 is located on the edge of the third extension 123 away from the second extension 122, so that the distance between the feeding point 14 and the second side plate 13 is further reduced, which is conducive to simplifying the arrangement of the feeding structure between the first side plate 12 and the second side plate 13. The third extension 123 is arranged apart from the first extension 121, which ensures the stable circulation of the current on the antenna unit 100 and avoids the influence of the arrangement of the third extension 123 on the flow of the current, which is conducive to ensuring the horizontal polarization of the antenna.

[0094] In this embodiment, referring to FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, in the second direction (Y direction shown in FIG. 8), the two ends of the second extension 122 and the two ends of the first extension 121 are flush, and the two ends of the third extension 123 are located between the two ends of the second extension 122, so that the electrical length of the end of the antenna unit 100 in the second direction includes the length of the second extension 122 protruding from the first extension 121, but does not include the length of the third extension 123 protruding from the second extension 122. The length of the first extension 121 protruding from the bottom plate 11 is r1, the length of the second extension 122 protruding from the first extension 121 is r2, and the first side plate 12 satisfies the relationship: R1 = r1 + r2; the antenna unit 100 satisfies the relationship: R = r1 + r2 + R2 + R3; R = 1 / 4λ1, so that the electrical length of the end of the antenna unit 100 in the second direction is 1 / 4 of the wavelength corresponding to the first operating frequency.

[0095] By making the antenna unit 100 satisfy the above relationship, the arrangement of the first extension 121 and the second extension 122 realizes the folding of the structure of the first side plate 12, ensures that the end of the antenna unit 100 in the second direction has sufficient electrical length, is conducive to reducing the length of the antenna unit 100 in the third direction, and realizes the miniaturization of the antenna unit 100. At the same time, the length of the antenna unit 100 in the second direction is also reduced by the arrangement of the second extension 122 and the third extension 123.

[0096] Referring to FIG. 8 and FIG. 10, FIG. 10 shows a top view of the antenna unit 100 provided by the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the length of the first side plate 12 away from the edge of the bottom plate 11 refers to the electrical length between the two ends of the first side plate 12 away from the edge of the bottom plate 11 in the second direction, the length of the first side plate 12 away from the edge of the bottom plate 11 is L, the extension length of the second extension 122 in the second direction is L1, and the length of the third extension 123 protruding from the second extension 122 is L2. The first side plate 12 satisfies the relationship: L = L1 + 2L2. Since the direction of the third extension 123 protruding from the second extension 122 and the second direction have an included angle, the first side plate 12 away from the edge of the bottom plate 11 is folded, which reduces the length of the antenna unit 100 in the second direction, and is conducive to realizing the miniaturization of the antenna unit 100.

[0097] Exemplarily, referring to FIGS. 8, 9 and 10, the first extending part 121, the second extending part 122 and the third extending part 123 are all flat plates, the first extending part 121 is perpendicular to the bottom plate 11, the second extending part 122 and the third extending part 123 are both parallel to the bottom plate 11, the first side plate 12 is parallel to the second direction as a whole, so that the length of the first extending part 121 protruding from the bottom plate 11 is the height of the first extending part 121 protruding from the bottom plate 11 in the third direction, the length of the second extending part 122 protruding from the first extending part 121 is the length of the second extending part 122 protruding from the first extending part 121 in the first direction, and the length of the third extending part 123 protruding from the second extending part 122 is the length of the third extending part 123 protruding from the second extending part 122 in the first direction, which is beneficial to simplify the structural arrangement of the antenna unit 100 and ensure the structural stability of the antenna unit 100.

[0098] The shape of the antenna unit 100 can be set according to actual needs. As known from the above embodiment, in order to ensure that the end of the antenna unit 100 in the second direction has sufficient electrical length, so that the antenna unit 100 forms a columnar slot antenna, the second side plate 13 needs to have a corresponding point of the feed point 14, and the projection of the feed point 14 on the second side plate 13 in the first direction coincides with the corresponding point. Referring to FIGS. 1, 6, 8 and 11, FIG. 11 shows a structural schematic diagram of the antenna unit 100 with the circuit board enclosing the opening, in the plane perpendicular to the first direction (such as the X direction shown in FIGS. 1, 6, 8 and 11), the projection of the first side plate 12 is located in the projection range of the second side plate 13, so that the first side plate 12 can completely oppose the second side plate 13, which is beneficial to ensure that the antenna unit 100 forms a columnar slot antenna.

[0099] In an embodiment, referring to FIG. 1, the bottom plate 11, the first side plate 12 and the second side plate 13 are all rectangular flat plates, and the first side plate 12, the bottom plate 11 and the second side plate 13 are sequentially connected, the first side plate 12 and the second side plate 13 are parallel, in the plane perpendicular to the first direction, the projection of the first side plate 12 coincides with the projection of the second side plate 13, which is beneficial to simplify the structure of the antenna unit 100, and further simplify the manufacturing process of the antenna unit 100.

[0100] The application further provides an antenna module 200, as shown in FIG. 11, FIG. 12 and FIG. 13, FIG. 12 shows a structural schematic diagram of the circuit board and the open antenna unit 100 according to an embodiment of the application, and FIG. 13 shows a structural schematic diagram of the antenna module 200 with two antenna units 100 according to an embodiment of the application. The first side plate 12 and the second side plate 13 of the antenna unit 100 are arranged at intervals, so that the antenna unit 100 has an opening, and the first side plate 12 and the second side plate 13 enclose the opening. In the actual arrangement process, the opening direction of the antenna unit 100 can affect the radiation pattern of the antenna unit 100.

[0101] As shown in FIG. 11, the first antenna unit 21 includes a first bottom plate 211, an upper first side plate 212 and an upper second side plate 213. The upper first side plate 212 and the upper second side plate 213 are arranged in parallel, and the first bottom plate 211 is located between the upper first side plate 212 and the upper second side plate 213. The upper second side plate 213 is grounded, and the feed point 14 is located at the edge of the upper first side plate 212 away from the first bottom plate 211, so that there is a potential difference between the upper first side plate 212 and the upper second side plate 213. The current can flow from the feed point 14 to the first bottom plate 211 through the upper first side plate 212, and then flow to the upper second side plate 213 through the first bottom plate 211, so as to realize the circular flow of the current around the first antenna unit 21. Taking the grounded upper second side plate 213 as a reference, the first antenna unit 21 has a lateral opening, and the grounded upper second side plate 213 encloses the opening. The opening has less upward shielding, and the radiation pattern of the first antenna unit 21 has better circularity, which is conducive to realizing the omnidirectional coverage of the first antenna unit 21.

[0102] As shown in FIG. 12, the second antenna unit 22 includes a second bottom plate 221, a lower first side plate 222 and a lower second side plate 223. The lower first side plate 222 and the lower second side plate 223 are arranged in parallel, and the lower first side plate 222 and the lower second side plate 223 are located on the same side of the second bottom plate 221. The second bottom plate 221 is grounded, and the feed point 14 is located at the edge of the lower first side plate 222 away from the second bottom plate 221. Since the interval distance between the lower first side plate 222 and the lower second side plate 223 is small, the current can flow from the feed point 14 to the second bottom plate 221 through the lower first side plate 222, and then flow to the lower second side plate 223 through the second bottom plate 221, so as to realize the circular flow of the current around the second antenna unit 22. Taking the grounded second bottom plate 221 as a reference, the second antenna unit 22 has a forward opening, and the grounded second bottom plate 221 and the opening are arranged oppositely. The radiation pattern of the second antenna unit 22 has better directional gain, which is conducive to realizing the directional coverage of the second antenna unit 22.

[0103] Referring to FIG. 13, the antenna module 200 comprises at least two antenna units 100 according to any one of the above embodiments, and the opening direction of one of the antenna units 100 and the opening direction of the other antenna unit 100 have an included angle, so that the at least two antenna units 100 comprised in the antenna module 200 can respectively realize omnidirectional coverage and directional coverage, which is beneficial to the wide applicability of the antenna module 200.

[0104] In one embodiment, referring to FIGS. 11, 12 and 13, the antenna module 200 comprises a first antenna unit 21 and a second antenna unit 22, and the upper second side plate 213 of the first antenna unit 21 and the second bottom plate 221 of the second antenna unit 22 are arranged in a stacked manner, i.e., the ground structures of the first antenna unit 21 and the second antenna unit 22 are arranged in a stacked manner, and the first bottom plate 211 and the upper first side plate 212 of the first antenna unit 21 are located on the side of the upper second side plate 213 away from the second antenna unit 22, and the lower first side plate 222 and the lower second side plate 223 of the second antenna unit 22 are located on the side of the second bottom plate 221 away from the first antenna unit 21, which is beneficial to simplifying the structure of the antenna module 200. The antenna module 200 can comprise a substrate 23, and the substrate 23 constitutes the upper second side plate 213 of the first antenna unit 21 and the second bottom plate 221 of the second antenna unit 22, so that the upper second side plate 213 and the second bottom plate 221 are of an integrated structure, which further simplifies the structure of the antenna module 200 and realizes miniaturization of the antenna module 200.

[0105] Exemplarily, the upper second side plate 213 and the second bottom plate 221 are circuit boards, and the first bottom plate 211, the upper first side plate 212, the lower first side plate 222 and the lower second side plate 223 are metal pieces, so that the antenna module 200 can be constituted by circuit boards or metal structures, which is beneficial to simplifying the layout of the antenna module 200.

[0106] In this embodiment, referring to FIG. 13, the feed point 14 of the first antenna unit 21 is located on the surface of the upper first side plate 212 facing the lower second side plate 223, so that the current of the first antenna unit 21 only flows on the two opposite surfaces of the upper first side plate 212 and the lower second side plate 223 and the surface of the first bottom plate 211 facing the opening; similarly, the feed point 14 of the second antenna unit 22 is located on the surface of the lower first side plate 222 facing the lower second side plate 223, so that the current of the second antenna unit 22 only flows on the two opposite surfaces of the lower first side plate 222 and the lower second side plate 223 and the surface of the second bottom plate 221 facing the opening. Therefore, the current of the first antenna unit 21 and the current of the second antenna unit 22 do not affect each other, and the flow direction of the current on the first antenna unit 21 and the flow direction of the current on the second antenna unit 22 can be set according to actual needs.

[0107] In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 11, FIG. 12 and FIG. 14, FIG. 14 shows a structural schematic diagram of the antenna module 200 with four antenna units 100 provided by the embodiment of the application, the antenna module 200 includes two first antenna units 21 and two second antenna units 22, the antenna module 200 includes a substrate 23, the substrate 23 constitutes the upper second side plate 213 of the two first antenna units 21 and the second bottom plate 221 of the two second antenna units 22, and the substrate 23 has a single first antenna unit 21 and a single second antenna unit 22 on each side, which is conducive to realizing the omnidirectional coverage of the antenna module 200.

[0108] The application also provides an antenna system 300, referring to FIG. 15, FIG. 15 shows a system schematic diagram of the antenna system 300 provided by the embodiment of the application, the antenna system 300 includes a switch 33, at least two vertically polarized antenna units 100 and the antenna unit 100 described in any one of the above embodiments, and the switch 33 is used to control the alternate working of one of the vertically polarized antenna units 100 and the antenna unit 100.

[0109] In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 15, the antenna system 300 includes a first vertically polarized antenna unit 31, a second vertically polarized antenna unit 32 and the antenna unit 100, the antenna unit 100 is horizontally polarized, the first vertically polarized antenna unit 31 is electrically connected with a first antenna interface 34, the second vertically polarized antenna unit 32 and the antenna unit 100 are used to be electrically connected with a second antenna interface 35, the switch 33 is located on the connection line of the second vertically polarized antenna unit 32 and the antenna unit 100 and the second antenna interface 35, and the switch 33 is used to control one of the second vertically polarized antenna unit 32 and the antenna unit 100 to be connected with the second antenna interface 35.

[0110] In this embodiment, when the switch 33 controls the second vertically polarized antenna unit 32 to be connected with the second antenna interface 35, the first vertically polarized antenna unit 31 and the second vertically polarized antenna unit 32 work in the antenna system 300, the first vertically polarized antenna unit 31 and the second vertically polarized antenna unit 32 constitute a vertically polarized antenna pair, the signal radiation intensity of the vertically polarized antenna pair attenuates slowly at a medium-long distance, which is conducive to realizing the signal transmission of the antenna system 300 in the medium-long distance range. When the switch 33 controls the antenna unit 100 to be connected with the second antenna interface 35, the first vertically polarized antenna unit 31 and the antenna unit 100 work in the antenna system 300, the first vertically polarized antenna unit 31 and the antenna unit 100 constitute a horizontally polarized antenna pair, the signal radiation intensity of the horizontally polarized antenna pair attenuates slowly at a medium-short distance, which is conducive to realizing the signal transmission of the antenna system 300 in the medium-short distance range.

[0111] By switching the second vertical polarization antenna unit 32 and the antenna unit 100 to work alternately through the switch 33, the antenna system 300 can realize two polarization schemes, and the antenna system 300 can take the advantages of the two schemes, and can realize better signal transmission in a wider distance range, which is beneficial to improve the applicability of the antenna system 300.

[0112] The application further provides a communication device 400, please refer to FIG. 16, which shows a structural schematic diagram of the communication device 400 provided by the embodiment of the application, the communication device 400 comprises the antenna unit 100, the antenna module 200 or the antenna system 300 of any one of the above-mentioned embodiments, wherein the antenna unit 100 of the communication device 400 comprises a circuit board 42 and a metal piece 43, and the circuit board 42 and the metal piece 43 have a potential difference, so that a circulating current is formed between the circuit board 42 and the metal piece 43, and the circuit board 42 can be grounded. The metal piece 43 has a feeding point 14, and the circuit board 42 has a feeding piece 44, the feeding piece 44 is electrically connected with the circuit board 42, and the feeding piece 44 feeds the feeding point 14 on the metal piece 43. The metal piece 43 has a heat dissipation structure 431, so that the metal piece 43 can realize the heat dissipation function, and constitutes a part of the antenna unit 100, similarly, the circuit board 42 also constitutes a part of the antenna unit 100, which is beneficial to fully utilize the structure of the metal piece 43 and the circuit board 42 in the communication device 400, and realize the miniaturization of the communication device 400.

[0113] In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 16, the communication device 400 is a router, and the communication device 400 comprises a housing 41 and an antenna unit 100, the antenna unit 100 is arranged in the housing 41, the antenna unit 100 comprises a circuit board 42 and a metal piece 43, the circuit board 42 and the metal piece 43 are arranged in the first direction (X direction shown in FIG. 16) in sequence, the circuit board 42 is grounded and constitutes the second side plate 13 of the antenna unit 100, the metal piece 43 has a feeding point 14 and constitutes the bottom plate 11 and the first side plate 12 of the antenna unit 100, and the feeding point 14 is located at the edge of the metal piece 43 on one side in the third direction (Z direction shown in FIG. 16). The circuit board 42 has a feeding piece 44, the feeding piece 44 is located on one side of the bottom plate 11 in the third direction, the feeding piece 44 is electrically connected with the circuit board 42, and the feeding piece 44 realizes feeding to the feeding point 14 on the metal piece 43, which is conducive to simplifying the setting of the feeding structure of the antenna unit 100. The first side plate 12 protrudes from the bottom plate 11 in the opposite direction of the third direction, and the part of the second side plate 13 protruding from the bottom plate 11 in the opposite direction of the third direction is connected with a heat dissipation structure 431, and the heat dissipation structure 431 is located on the side of the second side plate 13 away from the circuit board 42 in the first direction. Since the bottom plate 11 is located between the circuit board 42 and the first side plate 12, the current will flow from the part of the first side plate 12 protruding from the bottom plate 11 in the third direction to the circuit board 42 along the bottom plate 11, and the setting of the heat dissipation structure 431 on the second side plate 13 will not affect the setting of the antenna unit 100, and the heat dissipation structure 431 can be a heat dissipation fin to achieve better heat dissipation effect. The above structure makes full use of the existing metal piece 43 and circuit board 42 in the router to construct the antenna unit 100, optimizes the layout of each structure in the router, and is conducive to simplifying the manufacturing of the router and realizing the miniaturization of the router.

[0114] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not limit the present application; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for part of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An antenna unit, characterized by The antenna unit comprises: a bottom plate, a first side plate and a second side plate, the first side plate and the second side plate are connected to two sides of the bottom plate in a first direction, the first side plate and the second side plate are arranged in a spaced manner in the first direction, and the first side plate, the bottom plate and the second side plate enclose a space; the antenna unit is arranged symmetrically, the second side plate is grounded, the first side plate has a feed point at an edge away from the bottom plate, and the feed point is located at the center of the first side plate in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.

2. The antenna unit of claim 1, wherein, The antenna unit comprises a first operating frequency and a second operating frequency, the length of the edge of the first side plate away from the bottom plate is 1 times the wavelength corresponding to the first operating frequency, and the length of the edge of the first side plate away from the bottom plate is 1.5 times the wavelength corresponding to the second operating frequency.

3. The antenna unit of claim 2, wherein, The first side plate is perpendicular to the first direction, the second side plate is parallel to the first side plate, and the sum of the length of the first side plate protruding from the bottom plate, the length of the second side plate protruding from the bottom plate and the distance between the first side plate and the second side plate is 1 / 4 of the wavelength corresponding to the first operating frequency.

4. The antenna unit of claim 2, wherein, The first side plate comprises a first extension and a second extension, the two sides of the first extension are connected with the bottom plate and the second extension respectively, the second extension and the first extension have an included angle, and the second extension is located at one side of the first extension close to the second side plate.

5. The antenna unit of claim 4, wherein, The first extension is perpendicular to the bottom plate, and the second extension is parallel to the bottom plate.

6. The antenna unit according to claim 4 or 5, characterized by The two ends of the second extension and the two ends of the first extension are flush, the sum of the length of the second extension protruding from the first extension, the length of the first extension protruding from the bottom plate, the length of the second side plate protruding from the bottom plate and the distance between the first side plate and the second side plate is 1 / 4 of the wavelength corresponding to the first operating frequency.

7. The antenna unit according to any one of claims 4 to 6, c h a r a c t e r i z e d by The first side plate further comprises a third extension, the third extension is connected with the second extension, the third extension is located at one side of the second extension close to the second side plate, the third extension is arranged in a spaced manner with the first extension, the two ends of the third extension are located between the two ends of the second extension, and the third extension has the feed point.

8. The antenna unit of claim 7, wherein, The length of the edge of the first side plate away from the bottom plate is the sum of the extension length of the second extension in the second direction and twice the length of the third extension protruding from the second extension.

9. The antenna unit according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterized by In a plane perpendicular to the first direction, the projection of the first side plate is located within the projection range of the second side plate.

10. An antenna module, characterized by The antenna unit comprises at least two antenna units according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the opening direction of one of the antenna units and the opening direction of the other antenna unit have an included angle.

11. The antenna module of claim 10, wherein, The antenna module comprises a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit, the first antenna unit comprises a first bottom plate, an upper first side plate and an upper second side plate, the second antenna unit comprises a second bottom plate, a lower first side plate and a lower second side plate, the upper second side plate and the second bottom plate are stacked, the first bottom plate and the upper first side plate are located on a side of the upper second side plate away from the second antenna unit, and the lower first side plate and the lower second side plate are located on a side of the second bottom plate away from the first antenna unit.

12. The antenna module of claim 11, wherein, The upper second side plate and the second bottom plate are of an integrated structure.

13. The antenna module of claim 11 or 12, wherein, The upper second side plate and the second bottom plate are circuit boards, and the first bottom plate, the upper first side plate, the lower first side plate and the lower second side plate are metal pieces.

14. An antenna system, characterized by The communication device comprises a switch, at least two vertically polarized antenna units and the antenna unit of any one of claims 1 to 9, the switch is used for controlling the vertically polarized antenna units and the antenna unit to work alternately.

15. A communication device, characterized by The communication device comprises the antenna unit of any one of claims 1 to 9, the antenna module of any one of claims 10 to 13 or the antenna system of claim 14, the antenna unit of the communication device comprises a circuit board and a metal piece, there is a potential difference between the circuit board and the metal piece, the metal piece has the feed point and a heat dissipation structure.

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