Arc-extinguishing cavity exhaust structure and switchgear

Abstract

An arc-extinguishing cavity exhaust structure, comprising an arc-extinguishing cavity, an electrically conductive system and an arcing horn, wherein the electrically conductive system comprises a movable contact and a stationary contact; the arc-extinguishing cavity comprises a set of arc splitter plates and a flame-extinguishing cavity, wherein a plurality of chambers are provided in the flame-extinguishing cavity, the plurality of chambers are arranged in sequence in a direction away from the stationary contact and close to the arcing horn, two adjacent chambers are separated by means of a partition plate, and an inner air vent is provided in the partition plate; and the chamber closest to the arcing horn among the plurality of chambers is an exhaust chamber, the remaining chambers are buffer chambers, and a first exhaust port is provided on the side of the exhaust chamber away from the set of arc splitter plates. A switchgear comprises the arc-extinguishing cavity exhaust structure. In the present application, by designing the plurality of chambers in the flame-extinguishing cavity, an air flow in the set of arc splitter plates enters the flame-extinguishing cavity and quickly accumulates in the flame-extinguishing cavity to form an air pressure, thereby effectively preventing the backflow of the air flow, and maintaining the air pressure in the chambers of the flame-extinguishing cavity. With the increase of the air pressure in the entire arc-extinguishing cavity, the voltage of an arc also increases accordingly, thereby quickly extinguishing the arc, and improving the arc-extinguishing capability of the arc-extinguishing cavity.

Description

Arc extinguishing chamber exhaust structure and switch device

[0001] The present application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202410898165.9, filed on July 5, 2024, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the field of low-voltage electrical apparatus, in particular to an arc extinguishing chamber exhaust structure and switch device. BACKGROUND

[0003] Low-voltage circuit breakers and disconnectors are the most important electrical switching devices in power distribution systems and new energy systems. As the system voltage continues to increase, the performance requirements for circuit protection switches are also becoming increasingly high. Miniaturization, high performance, modularity, and high reliability are the main development directions for air circuit breakers and disconnectors at the present stage. With the development of electric power, the operating voltage of the power system is also continuously increasing, with AC voltage reaching up to AC 1500V and DC voltage reaching up to DC 2500V. Since the DC system does not have a natural zero-crossing point for current, unlike the AC system, it cannot extinguish the arc at the moment of zero-crossing of the AC current. Instead, it can only rely on rapidly lengthening and cooling the arc to quickly increase the arc voltage in order to extinguish the arc as soon as possible. Therefore, it is more difficult to extinguish the arc, and the arc extinguishing capability of the arc extinguishing chamber is also becoming increasingly high. The existing arc extinguishing chamber is difficult to meet this requirement. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to overcome at least one of the deficiencies of the prior art and provide an arc extinguishing chamber exhaust structure and switch device.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The arc extinguishing chamber exhaust structure comprises an arc extinguishing chamber, a conductive system, and an arc guiding horn. The conductive system comprises a movable contact and a stationary contact arranged opposite to each other. The movable contact and the stationary contact are closed or disconnected. The arc guiding horn is close to the disconnection position of the movable contact and away from the stationary contact. The arc extinguishing chamber comprises an arc extinguishing fin group close to the conductive system and a flame extinguishing chamber away from the conductive system. The arc extinguishing fin group comprises a plurality of arc extinguishing fins. The plurality of arc extinguishing fins are arranged at intervals. There is a ventilation gap between adjacent two arc extinguishing fins. The flame extinguishing chamber is provided with a plurality of cavities. The cavities are arranged opposite to the arc extinguishing fin group. The plurality of cavities are arranged in sequence in the direction away from the stationary contact and close to the arc guiding horn. Adjacent two cavities are separated by a partition. The partition is provided with an internal ventilation port for communicating adjacent two cavities. The cavity closest to the arc guiding horn among the plurality of cavities is an exhaust cavity, and the remaining cavities are buffer cavities. A straight first exhaust port is arranged on the side of the exhaust cavity away from the arc extinguishing fin group.

[0007] Optionally, at least one buffer chamber is provided with a straight-through second exhaust port on the side away from the arc-extinguishing fin group, and the cross-sectional area of the buffer chamber is greater than the area of the second exhaust port.

[0008] Optionally, each buffer chamber is provided with a straight-through second exhaust port on the side away from the arc-extinguishing fin group, and the cross-sectional area of the buffer chamber is greater than the area of the second exhaust port.

[0009] Optionally, the plurality of buffer chambers are provided with second exhaust ports, and the closer a buffer chamber is to the exhaust chamber, the larger the area of the second exhaust port of the buffer chamber, and the area of the second exhaust port of the buffer chamber closest to the exhaust chamber is smaller than the area of the first exhaust port.

[0010] Optionally, the second exhaust port is provided on the side of the buffer chamber away from the arc-extinguishing fin group and close to the exhaust chamber.

[0011] Optionally, the cross-sectional area of the exhaust chamber is equal to the area of the first exhaust port.

[0012] Optionally, the area of the inner vent is smaller than the area of the partition.

[0013] Optionally, the inner vents of two adjacent partition plates are staggered.

[0014] Optionally, among two adjacent partition plates, one partition plate is symmetrically provided with two inner vents on both sides of the middle position of the partition plate, and the other partition plate is provided with one inner vent in the middle position.

[0015] Optionally, the buffer chamber farthest from the exhaust chamber has its side away from the exhaust chamber abutting against the arc-extinguishing fin on the outermost side of the arc-extinguishing fin group, and the side of the exhaust chamber away from the buffer chamber abutting against the arc-extinguishing fin on the other outermost side of the arc-extinguishing fin group.

[0016] Optionally, the side of the exhaust chamber away from the buffer chamber is provided with an outer vent, the area of the outer vent is smaller than the area of the side wall where the outer vent is located, and the inner vent and the outer vent on the partition plate adjacent to the exhaust chamber are staggered.

[0017] Optionally, the flame-extinguishing chamber comprises a top plate, two first side plates vertically arranged on both sides of the top plate, and two second side plates vertically arranged on the other two sides of the top plate and vertically connected between the two first side plates, the top plate and the first side plates and the second side plates form a cavity therebetween, at least one partition plate is arranged in the cavity to divide the cavity into a plurality of chambers, and the partition plate is vertically arranged on the top plate and vertically connected between the two second side plates.

[0018] Optionally, the plurality of arc-extinguishing grid vanes are arranged along an arc line, and the width of the air gap between two adjacent arc-extinguishing grid vanes increases in a direction close to the flame-extinguishing chamber.

[0019] Optionally, the arc striking horn comprises an arc striking horn body, the arc striking horn body is arranged at a side of the arc-extinguishing grid vane group away from the stationary contact, and the arc striking horn body extends to form an extension part towards the disconnection position of the movable contact.

[0020] Optionally, the stationary contact comprises a stationary arc striking plate, and the stationary arc striking plate extends to a side of the arc-extinguishing grid vane group away from the arc striking horn.

[0021] The switchgear comprises the arc-extinguishing chamber exhaust structure.

[0022] The arc-extinguishing chamber exhaust structure and the switchgear have the following advantages: the flame-extinguishing chamber is designed to have a plurality of chambers, including a buffer chamber for gas accumulation and a buffer chamber close to the arc striking horn and having a straight-through first exhaust port, so that the gas flow in the arc-extinguishing grid vane group is rapidly accumulated to form a certain gas pressure in the flame-extinguishing chamber after entering the flame-extinguishing chamber, effectively preventing the backflow of the high-speed gas flow due to encountering an obstacle, and maintaining the gas pressure in the chamber of the flame-extinguishing chamber, so that the voltage of the arc is also increased with the increase of the gas pressure in the entire arc-extinguishing chamber, the arc is rapidly extinguished, the arc-extinguishing ability of the arc-extinguishing chamber is improved, and the gas flow in the flame-extinguishing chamber is finally directly discharged from the first exhaust port of the exhaust chamber.

[0023] In addition, the pressure gradient in each chamber is adjusted by adjusting the size of the exhaust port of each chamber, so as to control the direction of the arc, facilitate the rapid introduction of the arc into the arc-extinguishing chamber, fully utilize the arc-extinguishing grid vane, improve the utilization rate of the arc-extinguishing grid vane, and prevent the arc from exiting the arc-extinguishing chamber due to high-temperature backflow, thereby affecting the arc-extinguishing effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] FIG. 1 is a structural schematic view of the arc-extinguishing chamber of the present application;

[0025] FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the arc-extinguishing chamber of the present application, in which the movable contact and the stationary contact are in a closed state;

[0026] FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the arc-extinguishing chamber of the present application, in which the state of the arc and the state of the gas flow are shown when the movable contact and the stationary contact are disconnected;

[0027] FIG. 4 is a structural schematic view of the flame-extinguishing chamber of the present application from one perspective;

[0028] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of another view of the second embodiment of the arc-extinguishing chamber of the present application. mounting plate 1; arc-extinguishing grid set 2; arc-extinguishing grid 21; air passage gap 22; gas generating sheet 3; arc-extinguishing chamber 4; exhaust cavity 401; outer air passage 401a; first exhaust port 401b; buffer cavity 402; inner air passage 402a; second exhaust port 402b; top plate 41; first side plate 42; second side plate 43; partition plate 44; arc striking horn 5; arc striking horn body 51; extension 52; stationary contact 6; stationary arc striking plate 61; movable contact 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following examples, given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, further illustrate the arc-extinguishing chamber exhaust structure and switchgear of the present application. The arc-extinguishing chamber exhaust structure and switchgear of the present application are not limited to the descriptions of the following examples.

[0030] As shown in Figures 1-3, the switchgear of the present embodiment includes the arc-extinguishing chamber exhaust structure and further includes an operating mechanism. The arc-extinguishing chamber exhaust structure includes an arc-extinguishing chamber, a conductive system including oppositely arranged movable contact 7 and stationary contact 6, and arc striking horn 5. The operating mechanism is drivingly connected to movable contact 7 and can drive movable contact 7 to close or open to achieve the on or off of the conductive system. Arc striking horn 5 is located close to the open position of movable contact 7 and away from stationary contact 6. The arc-extinguishing chamber is used to extinguish the arc generated during the opening and closing of movable contact 7 and stationary contact 6. The switchgear of the present embodiment can be a circuit breaker, disconnector, etc. The structure and action principle of the operating mechanism are known in the art and will not be described here.

[0031] The arc-extinguishing chamber of the present embodiment includes two mounting plates 1, arc-extinguishing grid set 2 close to the conductive system, and arc-extinguishing chamber 4 away from the conductive system. Arc-extinguishing grid set 2 and arc-extinguishing chamber 4 are arranged in the arc-extinguishing chamber, specifically mounted between the two mounting plates 1. Each of the two mounting plates 1 is provided with a gas generating sheet 3, and the gas generating sheet 3 is located on the side of arc-extinguishing grid set 2 away from arc-extinguishing chamber 4. Arc-extinguishing grid set 2 includes a plurality of arc-extinguishing grids 21, and the plurality of arc-extinguishing grids 21 are arranged in intervals and have air passage gaps 22 between adjacent two arc-extinguishing grids 21. Arc-extinguishing chamber 4 is provided with a plurality of cavities, and the cavities have cavity openings opposite to arc-extinguishing grid set 2. The plurality of cavities are arranged in sequence along the direction away from stationary contact 6 and close to arc striking horn 5 (i.e. from left to right in Figures 2 and 3), and adjacent two cavities are separated by partition plate 44, and inner air passage 402a for communicating adjacent two cavities is provided on partition plate 44. The cavity closest to arc striking horn 5 among the plurality of cavities is exhaust cavity 401, and the remaining cavities are buffer cavities 402. Exhaust cavity 401 is provided with straight first exhaust port 401b on the side away from arc-extinguishing grid set 2. It should be noted that in actual application, the number and size of the cavities of arc-extinguishing chamber 4 can be adjusted according to the structure and size of different conductive systems.

[0032] When the moving contact 7 and the static contact 6 gradually separate, the electric arc gradually forms between the moving contact 7 and the static contact 6, the electric arc heats the surrounding air, causing the air to heat up and expand rapidly and rush into the arc extinguishing grid group 2, and then enter the flameout chamber 4 through the cavity opening; as shown in FIG. 3, because the cavity volume of the flameout chamber 4 is much larger than the ventilation gap 22 of the arc extinguishing grid group 2, the airflow in the arc extinguishing grid group 2 enters the flameout chamber 4 and preferentially rushes into the buffer cavity 402 on the left side of the flameout chamber 4 to buffer, store, cool and cool down; as the moving contact 7 continues to move to the right and approaches the arc initiation corner 5, the electric arc gradually lengthens as shown by the thick arrow in the figure, and the high-temperature and high-speed airflow gradually flows to the right as shown by the thin arrow in the figure. Because the arc burning time of different cavities is different, the amount of high-pressure gas stored in the cavity is different, which will cause the pressure in each cavity to be different; according to the arc burning characteristics, the air pressure in the multiple cavities decreases from left to right.

[0033] The arc extinguishing chamber exhaust structure and the switch device of the embodiment, by designing multiple cavities in the flameout chamber 4, including the buffer cavity 402 for gas storage and buffering and the exhaust cavity 401 close to the arc initiation corner 5 and having a straight-through first exhaust port 401b, the airflow in the arc extinguishing grid group 2 enters the flameout chamber 4 and is rapidly stored to form a certain air pressure in the flameout chamber 4, effectively preventing the high-speed flowing airflow from backflowing due to encountering an obstruction, and maintaining the air pressure in the cavity of the flameout chamber 4, as the air pressure in the entire arc extinguishing chamber rises, the voltage of the electric arc will also rise, quickly extinguishing the electric arc and improving the arc extinguishing ability of the arc extinguishing chamber, and moreover, the airflow in the flameout chamber 4 is ultimately directly exhausted from the exhaust cavity 401 through the first exhaust port 401b.

[0034] As shown in FIG. 4, the flameout chamber 4 of the present embodiment is integrally formed and comprises a top plate 41, two first side plates 42 vertically arranged on two opposite sides of the top plate 41, and two second side plates 43 vertically arranged on the other two opposite sides of the top plate 41 and vertically connected between the two first side plates 42. The top plate 41, the first side plates 42 and the second side plates 43 together form a cavity, and at least one partition plate 44 is arranged in the cavity to divide the cavity into a plurality of chambers. The partition plate 44 is vertically arranged on the top plate 41 and vertically connected between the two second side plates 43. The flameout chamber 4 has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture. As shown in FIGS. 3-5, the plurality of chambers of the flameout chamber 4 of the present embodiment are designed to have a pressure difference structure. Each buffer chamber 402 is provided with a straight-through second exhaust port 402b on the side (i.e. the top plate 41) away from the arc-extinguishing grid group 2. The cross-sectional area of the buffer chamber 402 is greater than the area of the second exhaust port 402b. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, when the high-temperature and high-speed gas passes through the ventilation gap 22 into the buffer chamber 402, the gas cannot directly exhaust from the buffer chamber 402 through the second exhaust port 402b, and thus is buffered and stored in the buffer chamber 402. Since the arc burning time of the plurality of buffer chambers 402 corresponding to the arc-extinguishing grid group 2 decreases from left to right, the gas pressure in the plurality of buffer chambers 402 decreases from left to right. In the present embodiment, the second exhaust port 402b mainly functions to adjust the gas pressure in the buffer chamber 402 to form a pressure difference between the buffer chambers 402. Of course, as other embodiments, the chambers can be completely separated, i.e. without the inner ventilation port 402a. The second exhaust port 402b on the side of each buffer chamber 402 away from the arc-extinguishing grid group 2 mainly functions to exhaust gas and prevent backflow of gas.

[0035] The pressure difference in each buffer chamber 402 can be adjusted by adjusting the ratio of the cross-sectional area of each buffer chamber 402 to the area of its second exhaust port 402b. Preferably, the second exhaust port 402b is arranged on the side of the buffer chamber 402 away from the arc extinguishing grid set 2 and close to the exhaust chamber 401, i.e. on the right side of the top wall of the buffer chamber 402 as shown in FIG. 3. The area of the second exhaust port 402b of the buffer chamber 402 closer to the exhaust chamber 401 is larger, i.e. the area of the second exhaust port 402b of the buffer chambers 402 from left to right in FIG. 3 increases in turn; and the area of the second exhaust port 402b of the buffer chamber 402 closest to the exhaust chamber 401 is smaller than the area of the first exhaust port 401b. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5, the cross-sectional area of the exhaust chamber 401 is preferably equal to the area of the first exhaust port 401b, so that the pressure in the exhaust chamber 401 is almost equal to the atmospheric pressure, to ensure that the airflow on the side of the arc striking horn 5 is unobstructed and quickly discharged from the first exhaust port 401b of the exhaust chamber 401. Therefore, the internal pressure of the chambers (including the buffer chambers 402 and the exhaust chamber 401) from left to right in FIG. 3 decreases in turn, so that the arc is more easily introduced into the arc striking horn 5 in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 3. By adjusting the size of the exhaust ports of different chambers to adjust the pressure gradient inside each chamber, the arc direction is controlled, the arc is quickly introduced into the arc extinguishing chamber, the utilization rate of the arc extinguishing grid 21 is improved, and the arc is not caused to exit the arc extinguishing chamber due to high-temperature backflow, which affects the arc extinguishing effect. The first exhaust port 401b and the second exhaust port 402b are preferably square, but can also be circular, waist-shaped, triangular, etc. Of course, as a variant, the area of the first exhaust port 401b can also be slightly smaller than the cross-sectional area of the exhaust chamber 401.

[0036] As shown in FIG. 3, the area of the inner vent 402a is smaller than the area of the partition 44, to ensure that the pressure in the buffer chambers 402 decreases from left to right in turn. The inner vents 402a of adjacent two partitions 44 are arranged in a staggered manner, to prevent the airflow in the chambers from passing straight through, thereby avoiding affecting the pressure difference between the chambers. Preferably, among the two adjacent partitions 44, one partition 44 is symmetrically provided with two inner vents 402a on both sides of the middle position of the partition 44, and the other partition 44 is provided with one inner vent 402a at the middle position.

[0037] As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the buffer chamber 402 farthest from the exhaust chamber 401 has its side (i.e. the first side plate 42 on the left in FIG. 3) farthest from the exhaust chamber 401 abutting the arc-extinguishing fin 21 on the outermost side of the arc-extinguishing fin group 2 (i.e. the leftmost arc-extinguishing fin 21 in FIG. 3), the side (i.e. the first side plate 42 on the right in FIG. 3) of the exhaust chamber 401 farthest from the buffer chamber 402 abutting the arc-extinguishing fin 21 on the other outermost side of the arc-extinguishing fin group 2 (i.e. the rightmost arc-extinguishing fin 21 in FIG. 3), and being misaligned with the arc striking horn 5 so that the flame-extinguishing chamber 4 completely covers the ventilation gap 22 of the arc-extinguishing fin group 2, thereby increasing the air pressure in the arc-extinguishing chamber. The side (i.e. the first side plate 42 on the right in FIG. 3) of the exhaust chamber 401 farthest from the buffer chamber 402 is provided with an outer ventilation opening 401a, the area of the outer ventilation opening 401a being smaller than the area of the side wall on which the outer ventilation opening 401a is located, and the inner ventilation opening 402a on the partition plate 44 adjacent to the exhaust chamber 401 and the outer ventilation opening 401a being misaligned. The air flow between the arc striking horn 5 and the rightmost arc-extinguishing fin 21 can flow into the exhaust chamber 401 through the outer ventilation opening 401a and then be discharged, thereby preventing air flow from flowing back. Specifically, the partition plate 44 adjacent to the exhaust chamber 401 is provided with two inner ventilation openings 402a symmetrically located on both sides of the middle position of the partition plate 44, and the middle position of the right first side plate 42 is provided with one outer ventilation opening 401a; or the middle position of the partition plate 44 adjacent to the exhaust chamber 401 is provided with one inner ventilation opening 402a, and the right first side plate 42 is provided with two outer ventilation openings 401a symmetrically located on both sides of the middle position of the first side plate 42.

[0038] As shown in FIG. 2, the air pressure difference structure design of the multiple chambers of the flame-extinguishing chamber 4 of the present embodiment is that at least one buffer chamber 402 farthest from the arc-extinguishing fin group 2 (i.e. the top plate 41) is provided with a straight-through second exhaust opening 402b, and the cross-sectional area of the buffer chamber 402 is greater than the area of the second exhaust opening 402b. Preferably, one or more buffer chambers 402 close to the exhaust chamber 401 are provided with the second exhaust opening 402b, and the buffer chamber 402 farthest from the exhaust chamber 401 is not provided with the second exhaust opening 402b. In the figure, only one buffer chamber 402 close to the exhaust chamber 401 is provided with the second exhaust opening 402b, and the other buffer chambers 402 are not provided with the second exhaust opening 402b. When the flame-extinguishing chamber 4 has multiple buffer chambers 402 close to the exhaust chamber 401 provided with the second exhaust opening 402b, the closer the buffer chamber 402 is to the exhaust chamber 401, the larger the area of the second exhaust opening 402b, and the area of the second exhaust opening 402b of the buffer chamber 402 closest to the exhaust chamber 401 is smaller than the area of the first exhaust opening 401b.

[0039] As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the plurality of arc-extinguishing vanes 21 are arranged along an arc, and the width of the ventilation gap 22 between two adjacent arc-extinguishing vanes 21 increases in the direction close to the flameout chamber 4. The arc-extinguishing vanes 21 are densely arranged on the side close to the conducting system, and the arc-extinguishing vanes 21 are sparsely arranged on the side close to the flameout chamber 4, which is beneficial to splitting the arc and quickly extinguishing the arc, and is also beneficial to the ventilation gap 22 flowing into the flameout chamber 4 quickly. Of course, the plurality of arc-extinguishing vanes 21 can also be arranged along a straight line.

[0040] As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the arc striking horn 5 includes an arc striking horn body 51, the arc striking horn body 51 is arranged at the side (i.e. the right side of the arc-extinguishing vane group 2 in the figure) of the arc-extinguishing vane group 2 away from the stationary contact 6, and the arc striking horn body 51 extends to form an extension 52 towards the disconnection position of the movable contact 7. The stationary contact 6 includes a stationary arc striking plate 61, and the stationary arc striking plate 61 extends to the side (i.e. the left side of the arc-extinguishing vane group 2 in the figure) of the arc-extinguishing vane group 2 away from the arc striking horn 5.

[0041] It should be noted that, in the description of the present application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship when used, and are only for the convenience of description, and cannot be understood as indicating that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" and the like are only used for differentiation of description, and cannot be understood as indicating relative importance.

[0042] The above is a further detailed description of the present application in combination with specific preferred embodiments, and cannot be considered as limiting the specific implementation of the present application to these descriptions. For ordinary skilled persons in the technical field to which the present application belongs, a number of simple deductions or replacements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and all of them should be considered as falling within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An arc extinguishing chamber exhaust structure, comprising an arc extinguishing chamber, a conductive system and an arc striking horn (5), the conductive system comprising a moving contact (7) and a stationary contact (6) disposed opposite to each other, the moving contact (7) and the stationary contact (6) being closed or disconnected, the arc striking horn (5) being close to the disconnected position of the moving contact (7) and away from the stationary contact (6), characterized in that: The arc extinguishing chamber comprises an arc extinguishing grid group (2) arranged in the arc extinguishing chamber and close to the conductive system and an arc extinguishing chamber (4) arranged away from the conductive system, the arc extinguishing grid group (2) comprises a plurality of arc extinguishing grids (21), the plurality of arc extinguishing grids (21) are arranged at intervals, and each two adjacent arc extinguishing grids (21) are provided with a ventilation gap (22) therebetween, the arc extinguishing chamber (4) is provided with a plurality of chambers, the chambers are provided with chamber openings opposite to the arc extinguishing grid group (2), the plurality of chambers are arranged in sequence in a direction away from the stationary contact (6) and close to the arc striking horn (5), each two adjacent chambers are separated by a partition plate (44), the partition plate (44) is provided with an inner ventilation opening (402a) for communicating each two adjacent chambers, the chamber closest to the arc striking horn (5) among the plurality of chambers is an exhaust chamber (401), and the remaining chambers are buffer chambers (402), the side of the exhaust chamber (401) away from the arc extinguishing grid group (2) is provided with a straight-through first exhaust opening (401b), at least one buffer chamber (402) is provided with a straight-through second exhaust opening (402b) on the side away from the arc extinguishing grid group (2), and the cross-sectional area of the buffer chamber (402) is greater than the area of the second exhaust opening (402b).

2. The arc chute exhaust structure of claim 1, wherein: Each buffer chamber (402) is provided with a straight-through second exhaust opening (402b) on the side away from the arc extinguishing grid group (2), and the cross-sectional area of the buffer chamber (402) is greater than the area of the second exhaust opening (402b).

3. The arc chute exhaust structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by: The plurality of buffer chambers (402) are provided with second exhaust openings (402b), the closer the buffer chamber (402) is to the exhaust chamber (401) among the plurality of chambers, the greater the area of the second exhaust opening (402b) of the buffer chamber (402), and the area of the second exhaust opening (402b) of the buffer chamber (402) closest to the exhaust chamber (401) among the plurality of chambers is smaller than the area of the first exhaust opening (401b).

4. The arc chute exhaust structure of claim 1, wherein: The second exhaust opening (402b) is arranged on the side of the buffer chamber (402) away from the arc extinguishing grid group (2) and close to the exhaust chamber (401).

5. The arc chute exhaust structure of claim 1, wherein: The cross-sectional area of the exhaust chamber (401) is equal to the area of the first exhaust opening (401b).

6. The arc chute exhaust structure of claim 1, wherein: The area of the inner ventilation opening (402a) is smaller than the area of the partition plate (44).

7. The arc chute exhaust structure of claim 1, wherein: The inner ventilation openings (402a) of each two adjacent partition plates (44) are arranged in a staggered manner.

8. The arc chute exhaust structure of claim 7, wherein: Among each two adjacent partition plates (44), two inner ventilation openings (402a) are symmetrically arranged on one partition plate (44) at positions on both sides of the middle position of the partition plate (44), and one inner ventilation opening (402a) is arranged on the middle position of the other partition plate (44).

9. The arc chute exhaust structure of claim 1, wherein: The buffer chamber (402) farthest away from the exhaust chamber (401) has a side away from the exhaust chamber (401) opposite to the outermost arc extinguishing grid (21) of the arc extinguishing grid group (2), and the side of the exhaust chamber (401) away from the buffer chamber (402) is opposite to the other outermost arc extinguishing grid (21) of the arc extinguishing grid group (2).

10. The structure of exhaust of arc extinguishing chamber according to claim 9, characterized in that: The exhaust chamber (401) is provided with an outer vent (401a) on the side away from the buffer chamber (402), the area of the outer vent (401a) is smaller than the area of the side wall where the outer vent (401a) is located, and the inner vent (402a) and the outer vent (401a) on the partition plate (44) adjacent to the exhaust chamber (401) are arranged in a staggered manner.

11. The arc chute exhaust structure of claim 1, wherein: The flameout chamber (4) comprises a top plate (41), two first side plates (42) vertically arranged on two sides of the top plate (41), and two second side plates (43) vertically arranged on the other two sides of the top plate (41) and vertically connected between the two first side plates (42), a cavity is formed between the top plate (41) and the first side plates (42) and the second side plates (43), at least one partition plate (44) is arranged in the cavity for separating the cavity into multiple chambers, and the partition plate (44) is vertically arranged on the top plate (41) and vertically connected between the two second side plates (43).

12. The structure of exhaust of arc extinguishing chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of arc extinguishing grid fins (21) are arranged along an arc line, and the width of the air gap (22) between the two adjacent arc extinguishing grid fins (21) increases in the direction close to the flameout chamber (4).

13. The arc chute exhaust structure of claim 1, wherein: The arc striking horn (5) comprises an arc striking horn body (51), the arc striking horn body (51) is arranged on the side of the arc extinguishing grid fin group (2) away from the stationary contact (6) in a spaced manner, and the arc striking horn body (51) extends to form an extension (52) towards the disconnection position of the movable contact (7).

14. The arc chute exhaust structure of claim 1, wherein: The stationary contact (6) comprises a stationary arc striking plate (61), and the stationary arc striking plate (61) extends to the side of the arc extinguishing grid fin group (2) away from the arc striking horn (5).

15. Switching device, characterized in that An arc extinguishing chamber exhaust structure is provided. An arc extinguishing chamber exhaust structure is provided.

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