Method and apparatus for controlling radio resource in non-terrestrial network

Abstract

Provided are a method by which a first device performs wireless communication and an apparatus supporting same. The first device may: acquire one or more radio resource control configurations; apply, on the basis of the location of a non-terrestrial network node, a first radio resource control configuration from among the one or more radio resource control configurations; and / or communicate with the non-terrestrial network node on the basis of the first radio resource control configuration.

Description

Method and device for controlling wireless resources in a non-terrestrial network

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a wireless communication system.

[0002] 5G NR, the successor to LTE (long-term evolution), is a new clean-slate mobile communications system characterized by high performance, low latency, and high availability. 5G NR can utilize all available spectrum resources, from low-frequency bands below 1 GHz, mid-frequency bands between 1 GHz and 10 GHz, and high-frequency (millimeter wave) bands above 24 GHz.

[0003] The 6G (wireless communication) system aims to achieve (i) very high data rates per device, (ii) a very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) very low latency, (v) low energy consumption for battery-free Internet of Things (IoT) devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connectivity, and (vii) connected intelligence with machine learning capabilities. The vision of the 6G system can be divided into four aspects: intelligent connectivity, deep connectivity, holographic connectivity, and ubiquitous connectivity, and the 6G system can satisfy the requirements as shown in Table 1 below. For example, Table 1 can represent an example of the requirements of a 6G system.

[0004] Maximum data rate per device: 1 Tbps, E2E latency: 1 ms, Maximum spectral efficiency: 100 bps / Hz, Mobility support: Up to 1000 km / hr, Satellite integration: Fully AI, Fully autonomous driving, Fully XR, Fully haptic communication

[0005] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method may be provided. For example, the method may include at least one of: obtaining one or more radio resource control configurations; applying a first radio resource control configuration among the one or more radio resource control configurations based on a location of a non-terrestrial node; and / or performing communication with the non-terrestrial node based on the first radio resource control configuration.

[0006] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a first device may be provided. For example, the first device may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions may cause the first device to perform an operation based on execution by the at least one processor. For example, the operation may include at least one of: obtaining one or more radio resource control configurations; applying a first radio resource control configuration from among the one or more radio resource control configurations based on a location of a non-terrestrial node; and / or performing communication with the non-terrestrial node based on the first radio resource control configuration.

[0007] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device may be provided. For example, the processing device may include at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions may cause a first device to perform an operation based on execution by the at least one processor. For example, the operation may include at least one of: obtaining one or more radio resource control configurations; applying a first radio resource control configuration from among the one or more radio resource control configurations based on a location of a non-terrestrial node; and / or performing communication with the non-terrestrial node based on the first radio resource control configuration.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions recorded thereon may be provided. For example, the instructions, upon execution, may cause a first device to perform an operation. For example, the operation may include at least one of: obtaining one or more radio resource control configurations; applying a first radio resource control configuration from among the one or more radio resource control configurations based on a location of a non-terrestrial node; and / or performing communication with the non-terrestrial node based on the first radio resource control configuration.

[0009] Figure 1 illustrates a device-to-device communication procedure according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0010] FIG. 2 illustrates a radio protocol architecture according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0011] FIG. 3 illustrates the structure of a wireless frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0012] FIG. 4 illustrates a slot structure of a frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0013] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a BWP according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0014] FIG. 6 illustrates a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0015] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a communication scenario based on a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0016] FIGS. 8 and 9 illustrate a non-terrestrial network scenario according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0017] FIG. 10 illustrates an example of a common TA (timing advance) and a terminal-specific TA according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0018] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present disclosure, K offset and K mac , which represents an example.

[0019] Figure 12 shows an example of a problem that may occur in non-terrestrial network communication.

[0020] FIG. 13 illustrates a method for a first device to perform wireless communication according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] FIG. 14 illustrates a method for a second device to perform wireless communication according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] FIG. 15 illustrates a communication system (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] FIG. 16 illustrates a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] FIG. 17 illustrates a signal processing circuit for a transmission signal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] FIG. 18 illustrates a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] FIG. 19 illustrates a mobile device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] In this disclosure, "A or B" can mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." In other words, "A or B" in this disclosure can be interpreted as "A and / or B." For example, "A, B or C" in this disclosure can mean "only A," "only B," "only C," or "any combination of A, B and C."

[0028] As used herein, a slash ( / ) or a comma may mean "and / or." For example, "A / B" may mean "A and / or B." Accordingly, "A / B" may mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." For example, "A, B, C" may mean "A, B, or C."

[0029] In the present disclosure, “at least one of A and B” may mean “only A,” “only B,” or “both A and B.” Additionally, in the present disclosure, the expressions “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of A and / or B” may be interpreted identically to “at least one of A and B.”

[0030] Additionally, in the present disclosure, “at least one of A, B and C” can mean “only A,” “only B,” “only C,” or “any combination of A, B and C.” Additionally, “at least one of A, B or C” or “at least one of A, B and / or C” can mean “at least one of A, B and C.”

[0031] Additionally, parentheses used in the present disclosure may mean "for example." Specifically, when indicated as "control information (PDCCH)", "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." In other words, "control information" in the present disclosure is not limited to "PDCCH," and "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." Furthermore, even when indicated as "control information (i.e., PDCCH)", "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information."

[0032] In the following explanation, ‘when, if, in case of’ can be replaced with ‘based on’.

[0033] Technical features individually described in one drawing in this disclosure may be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0034] In the present disclosure, higher layer parameters may be parameters set for the terminal, preset, or predefined. For example, a base station or network may transmit higher layer parameters to the terminal. For example, the higher layer parameters may be transmitted via radio resource control (RRC) signaling or medium access control (MAC) signaling.

[0035] In the present disclosure, "setting or defining" may be interpreted as being set or preset to a device through predefined signaling (e.g., SIB, MAC, RRC, DCI (downlink control information), etc.) from a base station or a network. In the present disclosure, "setting or defining" may be interpreted as being set or preset to a device through predefined signaling (e.g., MAC, RRC, SCI (sidelink control information), device-to-device signaling control information, etc.) from another device. In the present disclosure, "setting or defining" may be interpreted as being set or preset to a device.

[0036] In the present disclosure, a user equipment (UE) may refer to a device, a portable device, a wireless device, etc. In the present disclosure, a base station (BS) may refer to a radio access network (RAN) node, a non-terrestrial network (NTN) cell / node, a transmission reception point (TRP), a network, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a device, a portable device, a wireless device, etc.

[0037] The technology proposed in the present disclosure can be used in various wireless communication systems such as CDMA (code division multiple access), FDMA (frequency division multiple access), TDMA (time division multiple access), OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access), and SC-FDMA (single carrier frequency division multiple access). CDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as UTRA (universal terrestrial radio access) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as GSM (global system for mobile communications) / GPRS (general packet radio service) / EDGE (enhanced data rates for GSM evolution). OFDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, E-UTRA (evolved UTRA), LTE (long term evolution), and 5G NR.

[0038] The technology proposed in this disclosure can be implemented with 6G wireless technology and applied to various 6G systems. For example, 6G systems can have key factors such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), artificial intelligence (AI) integrated communication, tactile internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.

[0039] FIG. 1 illustrates a device-to-device communication procedure according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 1 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0040] Referring to FIG. 1, in step S101, a first device and a second device can perform synchronization. For example, the first device can be a terminal and / or at least one of the devices proposed in the present disclosure. For example, the second device can be a base station, a network, a RAN node, an NTN node / cell, a TRP, a terminal and / or at least one of the devices proposed in the present disclosure. For example, the first device can perform an initial cell search operation. For example, the first device can detect at least one synchronization signal transmitted by the second device according to a predefined rule. Here, for example, the synchronization signal can include a plurality of synchronization signals classified according to a structure or purpose (e.g., a primary synchronization signal, a secondary synchronization signal, etc.). Through this, the first device can identify the boundaries of the frame, subframe, time unit, slot, and / or symbol of the second device, and the first device can obtain information about the second device (e.g., a cell identifier).

[0041] In step S103, the first device can obtain system information transmitted by the second device. For example, the system information may include information related to the properties, characteristics, and / or capabilities of the second device required to connect to the second device and use the service. For example, the system information may be classified according to content (e.g., whether it is essential for connection), transmission structure (e.g., the channel used, whether it is provided on-demand), etc. For example, the system information may be classified into a master information block (MIB) and a system information block (SIB). For example, if necessary, the first device may transmit a signal requesting system information before receiving the system information. For example, the request and provision of system information may be performed after a random access procedure described below.

[0042] In step S105, the first device and the second device can perform a random access procedure. For example, the first device can transmit and / or receive at least one message (e.g., a random access preamble, a random access response message, etc.) for the random access procedure based on information related to a random access channel of the second device obtained through system information (e.g., channel location, channel structure, structure of supported preamble, etc.). For example, the first device can transmit a preamble (e.g., Msg1) through the random access channel, the first device can receive a random access response message (e.g., Msg2), the first device can transmit a message (e.g., Msg3) including information related to the first device (e.g., identification information) to the second device using scheduling information included in the random access response message, and the first device can receive a message (e.g., Msg4) for contention resolution and / or connection establishment. For example, Msg1 and Msg3 can be sent and received as one message (e.g., MsgA), and / or Msg2 and Msg4 can be sent and received as one message (e.g., MsgB).

[0043] In step S107, the first device and the second device may perform signaling of control information. Here, for example, the control information may be defined in various layers, such as a layer that controls a connection (e.g., a radio resource control (RRC) layer), a layer that handles mapping between logical channels and transport channels (e.g., a media access control (MAC) layer), a layer that handles physical channels (e.g., a physical (PHY) layer), etc. For example, the first device and the second device may perform at least one of signaling for establishing a connection, signaling for determining settings related to communication, and / or signaling for indicating allocated resources. For example, the control information may be signaled / transmitted via a control channel. For example, the control information and / or the control channel may be used to schedule at least one of data, a data channel (e.g., a shared channel), and / or control information on the data channel.

[0044] In step S109, the first device and the second device may transmit and / or receive data. For example, the first device and the second device may process, transmit, and / or receive data based on signaling of control information. For example, when transmitting data, the first device or the second device may perform at least one of channel encoding, rate matching, scrambling, constellation mapping, layer mapping, waveform modulation, antenna mapping, and / or resource mapping on the information bits. For example, when receiving data, the first device or the second device may perform at least one of signal extraction from resources, waveform demodulation for each antenna, signal arrangement considering layer mapping, constellation demapping, descrambling, and / or channel decoding.

[0045] For example, the layers of a radio interface protocol between a first device and a second device can be divided into L1 (layer 1), L2 (layer 2), L3 (layer 3), etc. For example, a physical layer belonging to the first layer can provide an information transfer service using a physical channel, and an RRC (radio resource control) layer located in the third layer can play a role in controlling radio resources between the first device and the second device. For this purpose, for example, the RRC layer can exchange RRC messages between the first device and the second device.

[0046] FIG. 2 illustrates a radio protocol architecture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 2 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted. For example, (a) of FIG. 2 may illustrate a radio protocol stack of a user plane for uplink communication or downlink communication, and (b) of FIG. 2 may illustrate a radio protocol stack of a control plane for uplink communication or downlink communication. For example, (c) of FIG. 2 may illustrate a radio protocol stack of a user plane for device-to-device communication, and (d) of FIG. 2 may illustrate a radio protocol stack of a control plane for device-to-device communication.

[0047] For example, the physical layer can provide information transmission services to upper layers using physical channels. For example, the physical layer can be connected to the upper layer, the medium access control (MAC) layer, through a transport channel. For example, data can be transmitted between the MAC layer and the physical layer through the transport channel. For example, transport channels can be classified according to how and with what characteristics data is transmitted over the wireless interface. For example, data can be transmitted between different physical layers, for example, between the physical layers of a first device and a second device, through a physical channel. For example, the physical channel can be modulated using an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) scheme, and time and frequency can be utilized as radio resources.

[0048] For example, the MAC layer can provide services to the upper layer, the radio link control (RLC) layer, through logical channels. For example, the MAC layer can provide a mapping function from multiple logical channels to multiple transport channels. For example, the MAC layer can provide a logical channel multiplexing function by mapping multiple logical channels to a single transport channel. For example, the MAC sublayer can provide data transmission services on logical channels.

[0049] For example, the RLC layer can perform concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC service data units (SDUs). For example, to guarantee the various quality of service (QoS) required by radio bearers (RBs), the RLC layer can provide three operating modes: transparent mode (TM), unacknowledged mode (UM), and acknowledged mode (AM). For example, AM RLC can provide error correction through automatic repeat request (ARQ).

[0050] For example, the RRC (radio resource control) layer can be defined only in the control plane. For example, the RRC layer can be responsible for controlling logical channels, transport channels, and physical channels in relation to the configuration, re-configuration, and release of radio bearers. For example, an RB can mean a logical path provided by a first layer (e.g., a physical layer) and a second layer (e.g., a MAC layer, an RLC layer, a PDCP (packet data convergence protocol) layer, a SDAP (service data adaptation protocol) layer, etc.) for data transmission between a first device and a second device.

[0051] For example, the functions of the PDCP layer in the user plane may include the forwarding of user data, header compression, and ciphering. For example, the functions of the PDCP layer in the control plane may include the forwarding of control plane data and ciphering / integrity protection.

[0052] For example, establishing an RB can refer to the process of defining the characteristics of the radio protocol layer and channel to provide a specific service, and setting specific parameters and operating methods for each. For example, RBs can be divided into two types: signaling radio bearers (SRBs) and data radio bearers (DRBs). For example, SRBs can be used as a channel to transmit RRC messages in the control plane, while DRBs can be used as a channel to transmit user data in the user plane.

[0053] For example, a downlink transmission channel may include at least one of a broadcast channel (BCH) for transmitting system information, and / or a downlink shared channel (SCH) for transmitting user traffic or control messages. For example, traffic or control messages of a downlink multicast or broadcast service may be transmitted through the downlink SCH, or may be transmitted through a separate downlink multicast channel (MCH). Meanwhile, an uplink transmission channel may include at least one of a random access channel (RACH) for transmitting initial control messages, and / or an uplink shared channel (SCH) for transmitting user traffic or control messages. For example, a logical channel located above a transmission channel and mapped to the transmission channel may include at least one of a broadcast control channel (BCCH), a paging control channel (PCCH), a common control channel (CCCH), a multicast control channel (MCCH), and / or a multicast traffic channel (MTCH).

[0054] FIG. 3 illustrates the structure of a wireless frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 3 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0055] Referring to FIG. 3, for example, a radio frame may be used in uplink transmission, downlink transmission, and / or device-to-device transmission. For example, a radio frame may have a length of 10 ms and may be defined as two 5 ms half-frames (HF). For example, a half-frame may include five 1 ms subframes (SF). For example, a subframe may be divided into one or more slots, and the number of slots within a subframe may be determined according to a subcarrier spacing (SCS). For example, each slot may include 12 or 14 OFDM (A) symbols, depending on a cyclic prefix (CP).

[0056] For example, when normal CP is used, each slot can contain 14 symbols. For example, when extended CP is used, each slot can contain 12 symbols. Here, for example, the symbols can contain OFDM symbols (or CP-OFDM symbols), SC-FDMA (single carrier-FDMA) symbols (or DFT-s-OFDM (Discrete Fourier Transform-spread-OFDM) symbols).

[0057] Table 2 below shows the number of symbols per slot (N) depending on the SCS setting (u) when normal CP or extended CP is used. slot symb ), number of slots per frame (N frame,u slot ) and the number of slots per subframe (N subframe,u slot) is an example.

[0058] CP type SCS (15*2 u )N slot symb N frame,u slot N subframe,u slot Normal CP15kHz (u=0)1410130kHz (u=1)1420260kHz (u=2)14404120kHz (u=3)14808240kHz (u=4)1416016Extended CP60kHz (u=2)12404

[0059] For example, OFDM(A) numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.) may be set differently between multiple cells that are merged into a single terminal. Accordingly, the (absolute time) interval of time resources (e.g., subframes, slots, or transmit time intervals (TTIs)) composed of the same number of symbols may be set differently between the merged cells. For example, in the present disclosure, time resources such as subframes, slots, TTIs, etc. may be referred to as time units.

[0060] For example, multiple numerologies, or SCSs, may be supported to support various services. For example, a 15 kHz SCS may support wide areas in traditional cellular bands, while a 30 kHz / 60 kHz SCS may support dense urban areas, lower latency, and wider carrier bandwidth. For example, a 60 kHz or higher SCS may support bandwidths greater than 24.25 GHz to overcome phase noise.

[0061] FIG. 4 illustrates a slot structure of a frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 4 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0062] Referring to FIG. 4, for example, a slot may include multiple symbols in the time domain. For example, a carrier may include multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. For example, a resource block (RB) may be defined as multiple consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. For example, a bandwidth part (BWP) may be defined as multiple consecutive (P)RBs ((physical) resource blocks) in the frequency domain, and may correspond to one numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). For example, a carrier may include at most N BWPs (where N is a positive integer). For example, data communication may be performed through an activated BWP. For example, each element may be referred to as a resource element (RE) in the resource grid, and one complex symbol may be mapped to it.

[0063] For example, a BWP may be a contiguous set of PRBs in a given numerology. For example, a PRB may be selected from a contiguous subset of common resource blocks (CRBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier.

[0064] For example, the BWP may be at least one of an active BWP, an initial BWP, and / or a default BWP. For example, the UE may not monitor the downlink radio link quality in a DL BWP other than the active DL BWP on the PCell (primary cell). For example, the UE may not receive a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), or a channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) (except for radio resource management (RRM)) outside of the active DL BWP. For example, the UE may not trigger channel state information (CSI) reporting for an inactive DL BWP. For example, the UE may not transmit a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) or a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) outside of the active UL BWP. For example, for downlink, the initial BWP can be given as a set of consecutive resource blocks (RBs) for the remaining minimum system information (RMSI) CORESET (control resource set) (set by the physical broadcast channel (PBCH)). For uplink, for example, the initial BWP can be given by the system information block (SIB) for the random access procedure. For example, the default BWP can be set by a higher layer. For example, the initial value of the default BWP can be the initial DL BWP.For energy saving, if a terminal does not detect DCI (downlink control information) for a certain period of time, the terminal may switch its active BWP to a default BWP.

[0065] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a BWP according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 5 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted. In the embodiment of FIG. 5, it is assumed that there are three BWPs.

[0066] Referring to FIG. 5, for example, a common resource block (CRB) may be a carrier resource block numbered from one end of a carrier band to the other, and a PRB may be a numbered resource block within each BWP. For example, point A may indicate a common reference point for a resource block grid.

[0067] For example, BWP is point A, offset from point A (N start BWP ) and bandwidth (N size BWP ) can be set by. For example, point A can be an outer reference point of the PRB of a carrier where subcarrier 0 of all numerologies (e.g., all numerologies supported by the network on that carrier) aligns. For example, the offset can be the PRB spacing between the lowest subcarrier in a given numerology and point A. For example, the bandwidth can be the number of PRBs in a given numerology.

[0068] FIG. 6 illustrates a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 6 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0069] As core implementation technologies of the 6G system, technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), THz (terahertz) communication, optical wireless technology, free-space optical transmission (FSO) backhaul networks, massive MIMO (multiple input multiple output) technology, blockchain, 3D networking, quantum communication, unmanned aerial vehicles, cell-free communication, wireless information and energy transfer (WIET), integration of sensing and communication, integration of access backhaul networks, holographic beamforming, big data analysis, and large intelligent surface (LIS) can be adopted.

[0070] - Artificial Intelligence: Incorporating AI into communications can streamline and improve real-time data transmission. AI can use numerous analytics to determine how complex target tasks should be performed. For example, AI can increase efficiency and reduce processing delays. Time-consuming tasks such as handovers, network selection, and resource scheduling can be performed instantly using AI. AI can also play a key role in machine-to-machine (M2M), machine-to-human, and human-to-machine communications. AI can also facilitate rapid communication in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, intelligent structures, intelligent networks, intelligent devices, intelligent cognitive radios, self-sustaining wireless networks, and machine learning.

[0071] - THz communication (terahertz communication): Data rates can be increased by increasing the bandwidth. This can be achieved by using sub-THz communication with wide bandwidths and applying advanced massive MIMO technology. THz waves, also known as sub-millimeter waves, typically refer to the frequency range between 0.1 THz and 10 THz, with corresponding wavelengths ranging from 0.03 mm to 3 mm. The 100 GHz to 300 GHz band (sub-THz band) is considered a key part of the THz spectrum for cellular communications. Adding the sub-THz band to the mmWave band will increase the capacity of 6G cellular communications. Among the defined THz bands, 300 GHz to 3 THz lies in the far infrared (IR) frequency band. While part of the optical band, the 300 GHz to 3 THz band lies at the boundary of the optical band, immediately following the RF band. Therefore, this 300 GHz to 3 THz band exhibits similarities to RF. Key characteristics of THz communications include (i) the widely available bandwidth to support very high data rates and (ii) the high path loss that occurs at high frequencies (requiring highly directional antennas). The narrow beamwidths generated by highly directional antennas reduce interference. The small wavelength of THz signals allows for a significantly larger number of antenna elements to be integrated into devices and base stations operating in this band. This enables the use of advanced adaptive array technologies to overcome range limitations.

[0072] - Large-scale MIMO technology

[0073] - Hologram beamforming (HBF)

[0074] - Optical wireless technology

[0075] - Free-space optical transmission backhaul network (FSO backhaul network)

[0076] - Quantum communication

[0077] - Cell-free communication

[0078] - Integration of wireless information and power transmission

[0079] - Integration of wireless communication and sensing

[0080] - Integrated access and backhaul network

[0081] - Big data analysis

[0082] - Reconfigurable intelligent surface

[0083] - metaverse

[0084] - Blockchain

[0085] Advanced Air Mobility (AAM): AAM can be a broad concept encompassing urban air mobility (UAM), regional air mobility (RAM), and uncrewed aerial systems (UAS). For example, AAM can include UAM, RAM, UAS, and uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs).

[0086] - Autonomous driving (self-driving): V2X (vehicle to everything), a key element in building autonomous driving infrastructure, can be a technology that allows cars to communicate and share with various elements on the road for autonomous driving, such as vehicle to vehicle (V2V) wireless communication and vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) wireless communication.

[0087] Non-terrestrial network (NTN): NTN can refer to a network or network segment that utilizes radio frequency (RF) resources mounted on satellites (or UAS platforms). NTN services may be considered to secure wider coverage or provide wireless communication services in locations where the installation of wireless communication base stations is difficult.

[0088] - Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC): Wireless sensing is a technology that uses radio frequencies to determine the instantaneous linear velocity, angle, distance (range), etc. of an object, thereby obtaining information about the characteristics of the environment and / or objects within the environment.

[0089] - Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS): RIS can be used to manipulate and enhance signal propagation in wireless communication environments. For example, a RIS can be composed of many small antennas, or metasurfaces, arranged on a surface, each of which can actively control the phase, amplitude, polarization, etc. of the reflected signal. For example, a RIS can improve signal reception by controlling the path, phase, and / or intensity of the propagating signal. For example, in the case of a RIS, power consumption can be very low because power is consumed only for controlling the phase and amplitude of the small antennas. For example, because a RIS can be reconfigured to suit different environments, it can meet diverse communication requirements and operate effectively in dynamic network environments.

[0090] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a communication scenario based on a 6G system, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 7 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0091] Referring to FIG. 7, NTN communication can be performed based on satellite networks, high-altitude platform stations (HAPS) as international mobile telecommunications (IMT) base stations (BS), and terminals capable of aerial communication (e.g., AAMs). For example, to improve coverage, etc., devices such as satellite networks, HIBS, and terminals capable of aerial communication (e.g., AAMs) can act as relays. For example, an AAM can communicate with a base station, a satellite network, etc., and / or an AAM can communicate directly with a terminal, another AAM, etc.

[0092] Figures 8 and 9 illustrate a non-terrestrial network scenario according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiments of Figures 8 and 9 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0093] Figure 8 illustrates a non-terrestrial network scenario based on a transparent payload, and Figure 9 illustrates a non-terrestrial network scenario based on a regenerative payload. For example, a non-terrestrial network may typically include the following elements:

[0094] - One or more satellite gateways connecting non-terrestrial networks to public data networks;

[0095] - Feeder link or wireless link between the satellite gateway and the satellite (or UAS platform).

[0096] - Service link or wireless link between user equipment and satellite (or UAS platform)

[0097] - A satellite (or UAS platform) capable of implementing transparent or regenerative (including onboard processing) payloads. For example, a satellite (or UAS platform) may generate multiple beams over a given service area, typically bounded by a field of view. For example, the beam footprint may be typically elliptical in shape. For example, the field of view of the satellite (or UAS platform) may vary depending on the onboard antenna diagram and minimum elevation angle. For example, for transparent payloads, radio frequency filtering, frequency conversion, and amplification may be performed. Therefore, the repetitive waveform signal in the payload may remain unchanged. For example, for regenerative payloads, radio frequency filtering, frequency conversion, and amplification, as well as demodulation / decoding, switching and / or routing, and coding / modulation may be performed. This may effectively be equivalent to onboarding all base station functions onto the satellite (or UAS platform).

[0098] - Optionally, inter-satellite link (ISL)

[0099] - User equipment can be serviced by satellites (or UAS platforms) within the target service area.

[0100] FIG. 10 illustrates an example of a common timing advance (TA) and a terminal-specific TA according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 10 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0101] Referring to FIG. 10, a terminal-specific TA can be acquired to compensate for transmission delay for a service link, and a common TA can be acquired to compensate for transmission delay between a reference point (RP) and a satellite.

[0102] For example, in an NTN-based communication system, a terminal can calculate a TA based on the terminal's global navigation satellite system (GNSS) capability (e.g., terminal position) and orbit-related upper layer parameters transmitted from a base station, and this is called a terminal-specific TA (N UE TA,adj ) can be called as a common TA. For example, if orbit-related upper layer parameters are not received from the base station, the terminal-specific TA can be set to 0. For example, a TA obtained based on common TA parameters (e.g., TACommon, TACommonDrift, and / or TACommonDriftVariation), which are upper layer parameters transmitted from the base station, can be called a common TA (N common TA,adj ) can be referred to as a common TA parameter. For example, if the common TA parameter is not transmitted from the base station, the common TA can be set to 0. Accordingly, for example, in an NTN-based communication system, the overall TA value (T TA ) is "(N TA + N TA,offset + N common TA,adj + N UE TA,adj )*T c " can be obtained as, for example, N TA,offset may mean the TA offset value provided to the terminal for each serving cell, and N TA may mean a value obtained based on a timing advance command.

[0103] Meanwhile, in order to effectively operate NTN with very long RTT (round trip time), the scheduling offset K offset and K mac This can be considered.

[0104] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present disclosure, K offset and K mac11 illustrates an example of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 11 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0105] Referring to Fig. 11, K offset can be an offset value indicating the RTT between the RP (e.g., uplink time synchronization reference point) and the terminal. For example, K offset may mean the sum of the RTT for the service link and the common TA (if indicated). For example, K mac may be an offset value indicating the RTT between the RP and the base station.

[0106] Meanwhile, the next-generation system may be configured to integrate between terrestrial networks (TNs) and non-terrestrial networks (NTNs). In this situation, the distinction between TNs and NTNs may not be explicit. Meanwhile, if terminals are categorized as TNs or NTNs, or categorized accordingly, optimized operations can be performed for each.

[0107] The combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied differently depending on the payload type of the satellite (e.g., regenerative payload or transparent payload).

[0108] The combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied differently depending on the type of non-terrestrial network node (e.g., geostationary earth orbit (GEO), non-geostationary earth orbit (NGEO), low earth orbit (LEO), medium earth orbit (MEO), high altitude satellite platform (HASP), drone) or altitude or fixed beam footprint or cell-moving beam footprint, etc.

[0109] Meanwhile, in an NTN environment, UE-specific TAs can be applied based on UE location and ephemeris information. This can reduce the TA range estimable via the physical random access channel (PRACH). In cluster movements, it can be burdensome for each UE to estimate its position based on GNSS. Appropriate RRC settings may vary depending on satellite movement. In this case, supporting appropriate RRC settings through RRC reconfiguration can unnecessarily incur signaling overhead and delays.

[0110] Figure 12 illustrates an example of a problem that may occur in non-terrestrial network communications. The example of Figure 12 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the example may be omitted.

[0111] Referring to FIG. 12, a terminal (e.g., a first device) may communicate with a non-terrestrial network node. For example, the terminal may communicate with a base station, gateway, or other device via the non-terrestrial network node. For example, the communication may be uplink communication, downlink communication, and / or device-to-device communication. For example, the non-terrestrial network node may include at least one of a satellite, GEO, NGEO, LEO, MEO, HASP, and / or a drone.

[0112] For example, a non-terrestrial node may move from a first location to a second location. In this case, a radio resource control configuration suitable for a service link between the non-terrestrial node at the first location and the terminal may be different from a radio resource control configuration suitable for a service link between the non-terrestrial node at the second location and the terminal. For example, since the distance between the target cell (to which the terminal belongs) or a specific location within the target cell and the non-terrestrial node may change significantly depending on the movement of the non-terrestrial node, a radio resource control configuration suitable for a service link between the non-terrestrial node at the first location and the terminal may be different from a radio resource control configuration suitable for a service link between the non-terrestrial node at the second location and the terminal. If a terminal performs a reconfiguration procedure to re-establish an appropriate radio resource control configuration, for example, if the non-terrestrial node moves to a location where communication is impossible during the reconfiguration procedure, signaling overhead, delay, etc. may be unnecessarily caused by the reconfiguration procedure.

[0113] Meanwhile, in the case of NTN communication method, the terminal can transmit a signal (e.g., PRACH) to the base station at the time of initial access after applying TA (timing advance or adjustment) based on the position and position change information of the NTN node and / or the position of the terminal, such as ephemeris information. For example, in an extreme case where TA is compensated in advance based on ephemeris information, the RTT detection / estimation requirements can be relaxed when designing the initial access signal, and / or the direction of minimizing resource and / or preamble collisions between different terminals can be proceeded in the direction of simplifying the initial access process.

[0114] Meanwhile, NTN communication methods can offer relatively greater coverage than TN. Consequently, the (maximum) number of terminals that can exist within a cell or beam footprint can be greater. In this situation, signaling for initial connection between different terminals and resource conflicts associated with it can occur frequently.

[0115] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, a PRACH-like or preamble-like DMRS may, for convenience of explanation, be divided into a CP region, a preamble region, and / or a guard time region in the time domain, and / or may be aligned with a general PUSCH or UL symbol and / or slot in terms of boundaries (e.g., start and / or end time points). And / or a PRACH-like or preamble-like DMRS may, for convenience of explanation, be in the form of a Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequence, and / or a form obtained by applying a cyclic shift or an index shift to the sequence, and / or a form obtained by applying a transform precoding (e.g., DFT precoding) to the sequence, and / or a form of a sequence specialized for or usable in timing or round trip time (RTT) estimation.

[0116] For example, when a terminal initially connects to a base station node (synchronized from the base station node), the terminal may transmit PUSCH and PUSCH DMRS. For example, the terminal may randomly select transmission resources for the PUSCH and PUSCH DMRS from among (multiple) candidate resources configured by the base station node.

[0117] For example, a base station node can measure / determine / perform fine TA based on PUSCH DMRS, and provide a TA command to a terminal based on the determined TA value.

[0118] For example, the PUSCH DMRS may be of the same form as the general data transmission purpose and / or may be mapped to a PUSCH DMRS symbol and may have the same CP length and (OFDM or waveform) symbol length as the data symbol.

[0119] For example, the PUSCH DMRS may be in the form of a constant amplitude zero auto-correlation (CAZAC) or Zadoff-Chu or a computer-generated low peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) sequence, and the cyclic shift value may be randomly selected by the terminal from among candidate values ​​set by the base station node.

[0120] For example, the PUSCH DMRS may be in the form of a pseudo-random sequence or a sequence generated based thereon, and a random seed value may be randomly selected by the terminal from among candidate values ​​set by the base station node.

[0121] For example, the PUSCH DMRS symbol locations (of PUSCH) used for the initial access purpose may be identical across different terminals for the same time and / or frequency resources. This may be to allow for the continuation of the initial access process later through DMRS differentiation even when PUSCH resources collide between different terminals.

[0122] For example, the PUSCH DMRS may be in a different form than that for general data transmission, and / or may be mapped to a single or multiple PUSCH DMRS symbols, and may have a different CP length and (OFDM or waveform) symbol length than the data symbols. For example, the CP length and / or symbol length for the PUSCH DMRS may be relatively longer than that for the data symbols. For example, the PUSCH DMRS may be in the form of a physical random access channel (PRACH), and / or may be in the form of a ZC sequence, and / or may be in the form of a cyclic shift or index shift applied to the sequence, and / or may be in the form of a transform precoding (e.g., DFT precoding) applied to the sequence. For example, the PUSCH DMRS symbol may be aligned with the PUSCH data symbol in terms of the start and / or end of the boundary. For example, after the PUSCH DMRS is mapped within a plurality of PUSCH symbols, a guard time may exist as a residual space.

[0123] For example, the PUSCH DMRS or PRACH may be mapped after the last PUSCH data symbol. This may be to avoid collision with UL transmission of a specific symbol and / or slot transmitted by another terminal in the above case, or to avoid transmission interruption or DTX occurring due to guard time in the middle of PUSCH transmission, since the PUSCH DMRS may be received in a delayed form at the base station node depending on the propagation delay.

[0124] For example, in addition to the PUSCH transmission prior to the first PUSCH DMRS symbol (group) to which the first PUSCH DMRS is mapped, a second PUSCH DMRS symbol (group) may exist, to which the second PUSCH DMRS may be mapped, and / or the additional second PUSCH DMRS may be in a different form than the first PUSCH DMRS (in the form of PRACH) and / or in the same form as for general data transmission purposes.

[0125] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, a (data) scrambling sequence for PUSCH transmission and / or a random seed value of the sequence and / or an orthogonal cover code (OCC) application method for (data) symbols or an OCC index and / or a cyclic shift of a PUSCH DMRS and / or a sequence or a random seed value of the sequence and / or an antenna port, etc. may be derived from an initial access ID randomly selected by a terminal.

[0126] Meanwhile, when the PUSCH DMRS is in the form of a preamble, the frequency allocation region for the PUSCH and the frequency allocation region for the PUSCH DMRS may be different. More specifically, in the case of the frequency region for the PUSCH DMRS, the size of the frequency region may be determined according to the preamble size defined in advance and / or set / indicated by the base station node, and accordingly, the frequency region may be relatively larger than the frequency allocation region for the PUSCH (data). Meanwhile, at the terminal end, if the frequency region (largely) changes during transmission, a transient period may be required between them.

[0127] For example, in a PUSCH transmission (for the purpose of initial access), a frequency allocation region for a PUSCH data symbol may be different from a frequency allocation region for a PUSCH DMRS symbol, and / or a frequency allocation region for a PUSCH DMRS symbol may be larger than a frequency allocation region for a PUSCH data symbol. For example, in a PUSCH transmission (for the purpose of initial access), a frequency allocation region for a PUSCH data symbol may be set and / or selected at least within a frequency allocation region for a PUSCH DMRS symbol.

[0128] For example, in a PUSCH transmission (for initial access purposes), if the frequency allocation region for the PUSCH data symbol and the frequency allocation region for the PUSCH DMRS symbol are different, the inter-symbol transition period may be set across the PUSCH data symbol. The rationale for this is that the PUSCH DMRS may be multiplexed with (residual) TA measurement and / or channel estimation and / or transmission of another terminal.

[0129] For example, in a PUSCH transmission (for initial access purposes), if the frequency allocation region for the PUSCH data symbol and the frequency allocation region for the PUSCH DMRS symbol are different, a time gap may exist or be set between the symbols. Meanwhile, in the above case, phase continuity may not be maintained due to DTX, and thus channel estimation may be inefficient or impossible.

[0130] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, TA adjustment based on a TA command of a base station node may not be performed for a PUSCH and / or PUSCH DMRS transmitted by a terminal for the purpose of initial access, and / or may be transmitted based on a DL reception slot or synchronization criterion (e.g., N_TA=0), and / or TA adjustment based on a distance between a NTN node and a UL synchronization reference point (or a terrestrial GW (gateway)) from the base station node (e.g., common TA) may be performed, and / or TA adjustment based on a location or ephemeris information between a location of the terminal and the NTN node (e.g., UE-specific TA) may be performed.

[0131] Meanwhile, even in situations where the TA command-based TA compensation range is reduced due to the application of UE-specific TA and common TA based on ephemeris information, coverage issues may still arise in NTN communication due to the long distances. Consequently, increasing the amount of time resources used for preamble transmission may be required. Conversely, a relatively longer CP length may not be necessary.

[0132] For example, the terminal may be provided with information about a first CP length and / or a first symbol length for PUSCH data mapping, and / or a second CP length for an initial access signal may have a length that is N multiples of the first CP length, and / or a second symbol length for the initial access signal may have a length that is M multiples of the first symbol length.

[0133] For example, the values ​​of N and M above may be different. For example, the value of M may be greater than the value of N. The rationale for this is that the range of values ​​of the target TA measured based on the preamble is small, while the reception performance for the preamble at the base station node end is to be improved (through compensation for high path loss due to the large actual distance).

[0134] For example, if the terminal has the capability for GNSS, and / or if the position of the terminal is available, and / or if the terminal applies / uses TA based on ephemeris information and / or position information of the terminal, and / or if the terminal receives ephemeris information or information related thereto from the base station node, the terminal may report to the base station node and / or the NTN node at least a (UE-specific) TA correction value based on the distance between the UE position and the base station node or information related thereto and / or TA information provided by the terminal from the base station node (TA command and / or (common) TA based on the distance between the NTN node and the UL synchronization reference point) and / or a final TA correction value or information related thereto when transmitting a signal for initial connection. For example, if the terminal does not have GNSS capability, and / or the terminal's location is not available, and / or the terminal does not apply / use ephemeris information and / or TA based on the terminal's location information, and / or the terminal does not receive ephemeris information or information related thereto from the base station node, the terminal may report the above situation (e.g., absence of GNSS capability, situation in which the terminal's location is not available, situation in which ephemeris information is not received, situation in which TA based on the terminal's location information is not used, etc.) to the base station node or NTN node when transmitting a signal for initial connection.

[0135] For example, the terminal can provide the base station node with its preferred base station node type and / or network type (e.g., NTN and / or TN) and / or the validity time for the preferred information and / or flight information or passenger (ship) information and / or movement information and / or route information and / or departure time and / or arrival time information and / or terminal cluster information associated with the terminal. For example, the terminal can refrain from performing measurements for a TN type base station node during a specific time period (e.g., from departure time to arrival time). In this way, the base station node can avoid configuring measurement operations for a specific base station node type for the terminal. For example, the terminal can notify the base station node of whether it does not prefer (or prefers) a neighboring cell-related measurement setting configured by the base station node. The basis for this may be that the terminal notifies the base station node when it cannot access the TN for a certain period of time or when it is inefficient.

[0136] Meanwhile, (at least for earth-fixed cells), even within the same cell, the distance between the target cell or a specific location within the target cell and the NTN node can vary significantly depending on the movement of the serving NTN node. Consequently, path loss can also vary significantly, and this difference can typically be mitigated by utilizing path loss measurements that are measured differently.

[0137] For example, a base station node or an NTN node may provide a terminal with RRC configuration information by time interval and / or information related to the time interval and / or RRC configuration information by location or region of the NTN node and / or information related to the location or region of the NTN node. Tables 3 to 5 show examples of RRC configuration information by time interval and / or by location or region of the NTN node. Tables 3 to 5 are merely examples, and the embodiment may be extended to not only one-to-one correspondence but also many-to-one correspondence.

[0138] Time Interval RRC Setting Information Time Interval #1 RRC Setting #1 Time Interval #2 RRC Setting #2......Time Interval #NRRC Setting #N

[0139] Location or Region RRC Settings Information Location or Region #1 RRC Settings #1 Location or Region #2 RRC Settings #2......Location or Region #NRRC Settings #N

[0140] Time interval and location or region RRC setting information Time interval and location or region #1 RRC setting #1 Time interval and location or region #2 RRC setting #2......Time interval and location or region #NRRC setting #N

[0141] For example, the terminal may apply / use corresponding RRC settings based on the location or region of the NTN node (estimated / determined based on ephemeris information). For example, the terminal may apply / use corresponding RRC settings based on a time interval. For example, the RRC configuration may include at least a repetition number for DL ​​and / or UL channel transmission and / or a transmission power control related parameter for UL channel transmission (e.g., nominal power and / or alpha (scaling value of a pathloss term), etc.) and / or transmission period information of a specific DL channel / signal (e.g., synchronization signal and / or PBCH and / or CSI-RS) and / or PDSCH or PUSCH DMRS pattern information and / or common TA information (e.g., distance between an NTN node and a UL synchronization reference point or RTT-based TA correction) and / or timing related information between UL grant and PUSCH (e.g., K used in PDCCH-to-PUSCH timing determination). offset value) and / or the time difference between DL and UL frames (e.g., K MAC ) and / or information related to measurement settings.

[0142] Meanwhile, in a situation where multiple terminals move in a group (such as a passenger plane or passenger ship), when communicating through NTN, the method in which each terminal estimates its location (based on GNSS, etc.) may be inefficient, and / or location estimation (based on GNSS) may be impossible depending on regulations, etc. in some situations. Meanwhile, in a specific group movement situation, the terminal may receive information about the movement path in advance from an intermediate node, a base station node, and / or an upper layer, and / or may receive location-related information or path-related information from a node that is the subject of the group movement.

[0143] For example, the terminal may receive terminal representative location information or route information from an intermediate node (e.g., a passenger aircraft and / or passenger ship and / or a fleet representative) or a base station node or an upper layer, and / or the terminal may perform NTN operations based on terminal location information derived from the provided representative location information or route information (in an operation based on terminal location information, based on the representative location information instead of the terminal location). For example, in the case of receiving representative location information from the base station node in the above, the base station node may receive representative terminal location information from an intermediate node associated with the terminal (or its movement).

[0144] Various embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied in different combinations depending on whether the terminal has GNSS capability, and / or the terminal's location is available, and / or the terminal applies / uses TA based on ephemeris information and / or terminal's location information, and / or the terminal receives ephemeris information or information related thereto from a base station node.

[0145] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the location of the terminal may be a location determined based on information measured (directly) by the terminal, and / or a location determined based on reference location information provided by the terminal from a third node.

[0146] The combination of embodiments of the present disclosure can operate in conjunction with each other.

[0147] Various embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied differently depending on the link type (DL, UL, SL), and / or the data type (SIB, groupcast, unicast), and / or the search space type in which the scheduling PDCCH is detected (common search space (CSS), UE-specific search space (USS)), and / or the base station node type, and / or the altitude, and / or the presence or absence of power constraints. For example, a combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied only when related to SIB transmission.

[0148] FIG. 13 illustrates a method for a first device to perform wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 13 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0149] Referring to FIG. 13, in step S1310, the first device may acquire one or more wireless resource control settings. In step S1320, the first device may apply a first wireless resource control setting from among the one or more wireless resource control settings based on the location of the non-terrestrial node. In step S1330, the first device may communicate with the non-terrestrial node based on the first wireless resource control setting.

[0150] For example, the location of the non-terrestrial network node can be obtained based on ephemeris information.

[0151] For example, the first wireless resource control setting may be a wireless resource control setting related to the location among the one or more wireless resource control settings.

[0152] For example, based on a change in the location of the non-terrestrial network node, the first radio resource control setting may be released, and a second radio resource control setting from among the one or more radio resource control settings may be applied. For example, the second radio resource control setting may be a radio resource control setting related to the changed location from among the one or more radio resource control settings.

[0153] For example, the first wireless resource control setting may include at least one of information related to the number of repetitions for transmission, information related to transmission power control, information related to the transmission period of a downlink channel or signal, or information related to the pattern of a reference signal.

[0154] For example, the first radio resource control configuration may include information related to a common timing advance (TA).

[0155] For example, the first wireless resource control setting may include information related to an offset used to determine the timing of uplink transmission based on downlink reception.

[0156] For example, the first radio resource control setting may include information related to an offset indicating a time difference between a downlink frame and an uplink frame.

[0157] For example, based on the location and time interval, the first radio resource control setting related to the location and time interval among the one or more radio resource control settings may be applied.

[0158] Additionally, for example, the first device may transmit an uplink shared channel for initial access and a reference signal associated with the uplink shared channel. For example, resources for the uplink shared channel and resources for the reference signal may be randomly selected by the first device from among configured candidate resources. Additionally, for example, the first device may receive a timing advance (TA) command obtained based on the reference signal.

[0159] For example, the first device may be a terminal. For example, communication between the first device and the second device may be performed via the non-terrestrial network node. For example, the second device may be a base station, another device, or a gateway.

[0160] The proposed method can be applied to devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, the processor (102) of the first device (100) can obtain one or more radio resource control settings, and / or the processor (102) of the first device (100) can apply a first radio resource control setting from among the one or more radio resource control settings based on the location of a non-terrestrial network node, and / or the processor (102) of the first device (100) can control the transceiver (106) to perform communication with the non-terrestrial network node based on the first radio resource control setting.

[0161] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a first device may be provided. For example, the first device may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions may cause the first device to perform an operation based on execution by the at least one processor. For example, the operation may include at least one of: obtaining one or more radio resource control configurations; applying a first radio resource control configuration from among the one or more radio resource control configurations based on a location of a non-terrestrial node; and / or performing communication with the non-terrestrial node based on the first radio resource control configuration.

[0162] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device may be provided. For example, the processing device may include at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions may cause a first device to perform an operation based on execution by the at least one processor. For example, the operation may include at least one of: obtaining one or more radio resource control configurations; applying a first radio resource control configuration from among the one or more radio resource control configurations based on a location of a non-terrestrial node; and / or performing communication with the non-terrestrial node based on the first radio resource control configuration.

[0163] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions recorded thereon may be provided. For example, the instructions, upon execution, may cause a first device to perform an operation. For example, the operation may include at least one of: obtaining one or more radio resource control configurations; applying a first radio resource control configuration from among the one or more radio resource control configurations based on a location of a non-terrestrial node; and / or performing communication with the non-terrestrial node based on the first radio resource control configuration.

[0164] FIG. 14 illustrates a method for a second device to perform wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 14 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0165] Referring to FIG. 14, in step S1410, the second device may transmit one or more radio resource control settings. In step S1420, the second device may communicate with the first device via a non-terrestrial node based on the first radio resource control settings. For example, the first radio resource control settings may be radio resource control settings related to the location of the non-terrestrial node among the one or more radio resource control settings.

[0166] For example, the location of the non-terrestrial network node can be obtained based on ephemeris information.

[0167] For example, based on a change in the location of the non-terrestrial network node, the first radio resource control setting may be released, and a second radio resource control setting from among the one or more radio resource control settings may be applied. For example, the second radio resource control setting may be a radio resource control setting related to the changed location from among the one or more radio resource control settings.

[0168] For example, the first wireless resource control setting may include at least one of information related to the number of repetitions for transmission, information related to transmission power control, information related to the transmission period of a downlink channel or signal, or information related to the pattern of a reference signal.

[0169] For example, the first radio resource control configuration may include information related to a common timing advance (TA).

[0170] For example, the first radio resource control setting may include information related to an offset used to determine the timing of an uplink transmission relative to a downlink transmission.

[0171] For example, the first radio resource control setting may include information related to an offset indicating a time difference between a downlink frame and an uplink frame.

[0172] For example, based on the location and time interval, the first radio resource control setting related to the location and time interval among the one or more radio resource control settings may be applied.

[0173] Additionally, for example, the second device may receive an uplink shared channel for initial access and a reference signal associated with the uplink shared channel. For example, resources for the uplink shared channel and resources for the reference signal may be randomly selected by the first device from among configured candidate resources. Additionally, for example, the second device may transmit a timing advance (TA) command obtained based on the reference signal.

[0174] For example, the first device may be a terminal. For example, communication between the first device and the second device may be performed via the non-terrestrial network node. For example, the second device may be a base station, another device, or a gateway.

[0175] The proposed method can be applied to devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, the processor (202) of the second device (200) can control the transceiver (206) to transmit one or more radio resource control settings, and / or the processor (202) of the second device (200) can control the transceiver (206) to perform communication with the first device via a non-terrestrial network node based on the first radio resource control setting. For example, the first radio resource control setting can be a radio resource control setting related to the location of the non-terrestrial network node among the one or more radio resource control settings.

[0176] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a second device may be provided. For example, the second device may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions may cause the second device to perform an operation based on execution by the at least one processor. For example, the operation may include at least one of: transmitting one or more radio resource control configurations; and / or performing communication with a first device via a non-terrestrial node based on a first radio resource control configuration. For example, the first radio resource control configuration may be a radio resource control configuration related to a location of the non-terrestrial node among the one or more radio resource control configurations.

[0177] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device may be provided. For example, the processing device may include at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions may cause a second device to perform an operation based on execution by the at least one processor. For example, the operation may include at least one of: transmitting one or more radio resource control configurations; and / or performing communication with a first device via a non-terrestrial node based on a first radio resource control configuration. For example, the first radio resource control configuration may be a radio resource control configuration related to a location of the non-terrestrial node among the one or more radio resource control configurations.

[0178] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions recorded thereon may be provided. For example, the instructions, upon execution, may cause a second device to perform an operation. For example, the operation may include at least one of: transmitting one or more radio resource control configurations; and / or performing communication with a first device via a non-terrestrial node based on a first radio resource control configuration. For example, the first radio resource control configuration may be a radio resource control configuration related to a location of the non-terrestrial node among the one or more radio resource control configurations.

[0179] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the resource overhead required for initial connection can be efficiently reduced, and / or the pre-operation for NTN communication during cluster movement can be simplified, and / or the RRC reconfiguration operation according to NTN node movement can be efficiently performed.

[0180] The various embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with each other, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0181] Below, a description is given of devices to which various embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied.

[0182] Although not limited thereto, the various descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be applied to various fields requiring wireless communication / connectivity (e.g., 5G) between devices.

[0183] Hereinafter, more specific examples will be provided with reference to the drawings. In the drawings / descriptions below, the same drawing reference numerals may represent identical or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks, or functional blocks, unless otherwise described.

[0184] FIG. 15 illustrates a communication system (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 15 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0185] Referring to FIG. 15, a communication system (1) to which various embodiments of the present disclosure are applied includes a wireless device, a base station, and a network. Here, the wireless device refers to a device that performs communication using a wireless access technology (e.g., 5G NR (New RAT), LTE (Long Term Evolution)) and may be referred to as a communication / wireless / 5G device. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may include a robot (100a), a vehicle (100b-1, 100b-2), an XR (eXtended Reality) device (100c), a hand-held device (100d), a home appliance (100e), an IoT (Internet of Things) device (100f), and an AI device / server (400). For example, the vehicle may include a vehicle equipped with a wireless communication function, an autonomous vehicle, a vehicle capable of performing vehicle-to-vehicle communication, etc. Here, the vehicle may include an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone) and / or an Aerial Vehicle (AV) (e.g., an Advanced Air Mobility (AAM)). The XR device may include an Augmented Reality (AR) / Virtual Reality (VR) / Mixed Reality (MR) device, and may be implemented in the form of a Head-Mounted Device (HMD), a Head-Up Display (HUD) equipped in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, a digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. The portable device may include a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart glasses), a computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.), etc. The home appliance may include a TV, a refrigerator, a washing machine, etc. The IoT device may include a sensor, a smart meter, etc. For example, a base station and a network may also be implemented as a wireless device, and a specific wireless device (200a) may operate as a base station / network node to other wireless devices.

[0186] Here, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present specification may include not only LTE, NR, and 6G, but also Narrowband Internet of Things for low-power communication. At this time, for example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network) technology, and may be implemented with standards such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, and is not limited to the above-described names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present specification may perform communication based on LTE-M technology. At this time, for example, LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN technology, and may be called by various names such as eMTC (enhanced Machine Type Communication). For example, LTE-M technology can be implemented by at least one of various standards such as 1) LTE CAT 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-BL (non-Bandwidth Limited), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE Machine Type Communication, and / or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the above-described names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present specification can include at least one of ZigBee, Bluetooth, and Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) considering low-power communication, and is not limited to the above-described names. For example, ZigBee technology can create personal area networks (PAN) related to small / low-power digital communication based on various standards such as IEEE 802.15.4, and can be called by various names.

[0187] Wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to a network (300) via a base station (200). Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology can be applied to the wireless devices (100a to 100f), and the wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to an AI server (400) via the network (300). The network (300) can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, a 5G (e.g., NR) network, etc. The wireless devices (100a to 100f) can communicate with each other via the base station (200) / network (300), but can also communicate directly (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the base station / network. For example, vehicles (100b-1, 100b-2) can communicate directly (e.g., V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle) / V2X (Vehicle to Everything) communication). In addition, IoT devices (e.g., sensors) can communicate directly with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices (100a to 100f).

[0188] Wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can be established between wireless devices (100a~100f) / base stations (200), and base stations (200) / base stations (200). Here, wireless communication / connection can be achieved through various wireless access technologies (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink / downlink communication (150a), sidelink communication (150b) (or D2D communication), and base station-to-base station communication (150c) (e.g., relay, IAB (Integrated Access Backhaul). Through wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c), wireless devices and base stations / wireless devices, and base stations and base stations can transmit / receive wireless signals to each other. For example, wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can transmit / receive signals through various physical channels. To this end, at least some of various configuration information setting processes for transmitting / receiving wireless signals, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, resource mapping / demapping, etc.), and resource allocation processes can be performed based on various proposals of the present disclosure.

[0189] FIG. 16 illustrates a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 16 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0190] Referring to FIG. 16, the first wireless device (100) and the second wireless device (200) can transmit and receive wireless signals via various wireless access technologies (e.g., LTE, NR). Here, {the first wireless device (100), the second wireless device (200)} can correspond to {the wireless device (100x), the base station (200)} and / or {the wireless device (100x), the wireless device (100x)} of FIG. 15.

[0191] A first wireless device (100) includes one or more processors (102) and one or more memories (104), and may further include one or more transceivers (106) and / or one or more antennas (108). The processor (102) controls the memories (104) and / or the transceivers (106), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (102) may process information in the memory (104) to generate first information / signal, and then transmit a wireless signal including the first information / signal via the transceiver (106). Furthermore, the processor (102) may receive a wireless signal including second information / signal via the transceiver (106), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the second information / signal in the memory (104). The memory (104) may be connected to the processor (102) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (102). For example, the memory (104) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (102), or may store software code including commands for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (102) and the memory (104) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver (106) may be connected to the processor (102) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (108). The transceiver (106) may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver (106) may be used interchangeably with an RF (Radio Frequency) unit. In the present disclosure, a wireless device may also mean a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0192] A second wireless device (200) includes one or more processors (202), one or more memories (204), and may further include one or more transceivers (206) and / or one or more antennas (208). The processor (202) controls the memories (204) and / or the transceivers (206), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (202) may process information in the memory (204) to generate third information / signals, and then transmit a wireless signal including the third information / signals via the transceivers (206). In addition, the processor (202) may receive a wireless signal including fourth information / signals via the transceivers (206), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the fourth information / signals in the memory (204). The memory (204) may be connected to the processor (202) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (202). For example, the memory (204) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (202), or may store software code including commands for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (202) and the memory (204) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver (206) may be connected to the processor (202) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (208). The transceiver (206) may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver (206) may be used interchangeably with an RF unit. In the present disclosure, a wireless device may also mean a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0193] Hereinafter, the hardware elements of the wireless device (100, 200) will be described in more detail. Although not limited thereto, one or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors (102, 202). For example, one or more processors (102, 202) may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, SDAP). One or more processors (102, 202) may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and / or one or more Service Data Units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) can generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals and / or methods disclosed herein, and provide the signals to one or more transceivers (106, 206). One or more processors (102, 202) can receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from one or more transceivers (106, 206) and obtain PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein.

[0194] One or more processors (102, 202) may be referred to as a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or a microcomputer. One or more processors (102, 202) may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), one or more Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), one or more Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), one or more Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), or one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) may be included in one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, etc. The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software configured to perform one or more processors (102, 202) or stored in one or more memories (104, 204) and executed by one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of codes, instructions and / or sets of instructions.

[0195] One or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to one or more processors (102, 202) and may store various forms of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions, and / or commands. The one or more memories (104, 204) may be configured as ROM, RAM, EPROM, flash memory, hard drives, registers, cache memory, computer-readable storage media, and / or combinations thereof. The one or more memories (104, 204) may be located internally and / or externally to the one or more processors (102, 202). Additionally, the one or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to the one or more processors (102, 202) via various technologies, such as wired or wireless connections.

[0196] One or more transceivers (106, 206) can transmit user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the methods and / or flowcharts of this document, to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers (106, 206) can receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or flowcharts of this document, from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers (106, 206) can be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) and can transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, one or more processors (102, 202) can control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to transmit user data, control information, or wireless signals to one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more processors (102, 202) may control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to receive user data, control information, or wireless signals from one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be coupled to one or more antennas (108, 208), and one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, or the like, as referred to in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein, via one or more antennas (108, 208). In this document, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers (106, 206) can convert received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. from RF band signals to baseband signals in order to process the received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. using one or more processors (102, 202).One or more transceivers (106, 206) may convert user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. processed by one or more processors (102, 202) from baseband signals to RF band signals. For this purpose, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may include an (analog) oscillator and / or filter.

[0197] FIG. 17 illustrates a signal processing circuit for a transmission signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 17 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0198] Referring to FIG. 17, the signal processing circuit (1000) may include a scrambler (1010), a modulator (1020), a layer mapper (1030), a precoder (1040), a resource mapper (1050), and a signal generator (1060). Although not limited thereto, the operations / functions of FIG. 17 may be performed in the processor (102, 202) and / or the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 16. The hardware elements of FIG. 17 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) and / or the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 16. For example, blocks 1010 to 1060 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) of FIG. 16. Additionally, blocks 1010 to 1050 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) of FIG. 16, and block 1060 may be implemented in the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 16.

[0199] The codeword can be converted into a wireless signal through the signal processing circuit (1000) of FIG. 17. Here, the codeword is an encoded bit sequence of an information block. The information block can include a transport block (e.g., an UL-SCH transport block, a DL-SCH transport block). The wireless signal can be transmitted through various physical channels (e.g., a PUSCH or a PDSCH).

[0200] Specifically, the codeword can be converted into a bit sequence scrambled by a scrambler (1010). The scramble sequence used for scrambling is generated based on an initialization value, and the initialization value may include ID information of the wireless device, etc. The scrambled bit sequence can be modulated into a modulation symbol sequence by a modulator (1020). The modulation method may include pi / 2-BPSK (pi / 2-Binary Phase Shift Keying), m-PSK (m-Phase Shift Keying), m-QAM (m-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation), etc. The complex modulation symbol sequence can be mapped to one or more transmission layers by a layer mapper (1030). The modulation symbols of each transmission layer can be mapped to the corresponding antenna port(s) by a precoder (1040) (precoding). The output z of the precoder (1040) can be obtained by multiplying the output y of the layer mapper (1030) by a precoding matrix W of N*M. Here, N is the number of antenna ports, and M is the number of transmission layers. Here, the precoder (1040) can perform precoding after performing transform precoding (e.g., DFT transform) on complex modulation symbols. In addition, the precoder (1040) can perform precoding without performing transform precoding.

[0201] The resource mapper (1050) can map modulation symbols of each antenna port to time-frequency resources. The time-frequency resources can include multiple symbols (e.g., CP-OFDMA symbols, DFT-s-OFDMA symbols) in the time domain and multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. The signal generator (1060) generates a wireless signal from the mapped modulation symbols, and the generated wireless signal can be transmitted to another device through each antenna. To this end, the signal generator (1060) can include an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) module, a Cyclic Prefix (CP) inserter, a Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC), a frequency uplink converter, etc.

[0202] The signal processing process for receiving signals in a wireless device can be configured in reverse order of the signal processing process (1010 to 1060) of FIG. 17. For example, a wireless device (e.g., 100, 200 of FIG. 16) can receive wireless signals from the outside through an antenna port / transceiver. The received wireless signals can be converted into baseband signals through a signal restorer. For this purpose, the signal restorer can include a frequency downlink converter, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a CP remover, and a fast Fourier transform (FFT) module. Thereafter, the baseband signal can be restored to a codeword through a resource demapper process, a postcoding process, a demodulation process, and a descrambling process. The codewords can be restored to the original information blocks through decoding. Accordingly, a signal processing circuit (not shown) for a received signal may include a signal restorer, a resource de-mapper, a postcoder, a demodulator, a de-scrambler, and a decoder.

[0203] Figure 18 illustrates a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The wireless device may be implemented in various forms depending on the use case / service (see Figure 15). The embodiment of Figure 18 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0204] Referring to FIG. 18, the wireless device (100, 200) corresponds to the wireless device (100, 200) of FIG. 16 and may be composed of various elements, components, units / units, and / or modules. For example, the wireless device (100, 200) may include a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), and additional elements (140). The communication unit may include a communication circuit (112) and a transceiver(s) (114). For example, the communication circuit (112) may include one or more processors (102, 202) and / or one or more memories (104, 204) of FIG. 16. For example, the transceiver(s) (114) may include one or more transceivers (106, 206) and / or one or more antennas (108, 208) of FIG. 16. The control unit (120) is electrically connected to the communication unit (110), the memory unit (130), and the additional elements (140) and controls the overall operation of the wireless device. For example, the control unit (120) may control the electrical / mechanical operation of the wireless device based on the program / code / command / information stored in the memory unit (130). In addition, the control unit (120) may transmit information stored in the memory unit (130) to an external device (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless / wired interface through the communication unit (110), or store information received from an external device (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless / wired interface in the memory unit (130).

[0205] The additional element (140) may be configured in various ways depending on the type of the wireless device. For example, the additional element (140) may include at least one of a power unit / battery, an input / output unit (I / O unit), a driving unit, and a computing unit. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may be implemented in the form of a robot (Fig. 15, 100a), a vehicle (Fig. 15, 100b-1, 100b-2), an XR device (Fig. 15, 100c), a portable device (Fig. 15, 100d), a home appliance (Fig. 15, 100e), an IoT device (Fig. 15, 100f), a digital broadcasting terminal, a hologram device, a public safety device, an MTC device, a medical device, a fintech device (or a financial device), a security device, a climate / environmental device, an AI server / device (Fig. 15, 400), a base station (Fig. 15, 200), a network node, etc. Wireless devices may be mobile or stationary depending on the use / service.

[0206] In FIG. 18, various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules within the wireless device (100, 200) may be interconnected entirely via a wired interface, or at least some may be wirelessly connected via a communication unit (110). For example, within the wireless device (100, 200), the control unit (120) and the communication unit (110) may be wired, and the control unit (120) and the first unit (e.g., 130, 140) may be wirelessly connected via the communication unit (110). In addition, each element, component, unit / part, and / or module within the wireless device (100, 200) may further include one or more elements. For example, the control unit (120) may be composed of one or more processor sets. For example, the control unit (120) may be composed of a set of a communication control processor, an application processor, an electronic control unit (ECU), a graphics processing processor, a memory control processor, etc. As another example, the memory unit (130) may be composed of a random access memory (RAM), a dynamic RAM (DRAM), a read only memory (ROM), a flash memory, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, and / or a combination thereof.

[0207] Below, the implementation example of Fig. 18 is described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

[0208] FIG. 19 illustrates a mobile device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The mobile device may include a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch, smartglasses), or a portable computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.). The mobile device may be referred to as a Mobile Station (MS), a User Terminal (UT), a Mobile Subscriber Station (MSS), a Subscriber Station (SS), an Advanced Mobile Station (AMS), or a Wireless Terminal (WT). The embodiment of FIG. 19 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0209] Referring to FIG. 19, the portable device (100) may include an antenna unit (108), a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), a power supply unit (140a), an interface unit (140b), and an input / output unit (140c). The antenna unit (108) may be configured as a part of the communication unit (110). Blocks 110 to 130 / 140a to 140c correspond to blocks 110 to 130 / 140 of FIG. 18, respectively.

[0210] The communication unit (110) can transmit and receive signals (e.g., data, control signals, etc.) with other wireless devices and base stations. The control unit (120) can control components of the mobile device (100) to perform various operations. The control unit (120) can include an AP (Application Processor). The memory unit (130) can store data / parameters / programs / codes / commands required for operating the mobile device (100). In addition, the memory unit (130) can store input / output data / information, etc. The power supply unit (140a) supplies power to the mobile device (100) and can include a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. The interface unit (140b) can support connection between the mobile device (100) and other external devices. The interface unit (140b) can include various ports (e.g., audio input / output ports, video input / output ports) for connection with external devices. The input / output unit (140c) can input or output video information / signals, audio information / signals, data, and / or information input from a user. The input / output unit (140c) may include a camera, a microphone, a user input unit, a display unit (140d), a speaker, and / or a haptic module.

[0211] For example, in the case of data communication, the input / output unit (140c) obtains information / signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, image, video) input by the user, and the obtained information / signals can be stored in the memory unit (130). The communication unit (110) converts the information / signals stored in the memory into wireless signals, and can directly transmit the converted wireless signals to other wireless devices or to a base station. In addition, the communication unit (110) can receive wireless signals from other wireless devices or base stations, and then restore the received wireless signals to the original information / signals. The restored information / signals can be stored in the memory unit (130) and then output in various forms (e.g., text, voice, image, video, haptic) through the input / output unit (140c).

[0212] The claims set forth in this specification may be combined in various ways. For example, the technical features of the method claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a device, and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a method. Furthermore, the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a device, and the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a method.

Claims

1. In the method, A step of obtaining one or more wireless resource control settings; A step of applying a first radio resource control setting from among the one or more radio resource control settings based on the location of the non-terrestrial network node; and A method comprising: performing communication with the non-terrestrial network node based on the first wireless resource control setting; 2. In paragraph 1, A method in which the location of the above non-terrestrial network node is obtained based on ephemeris information.

3. In paragraph 1, A method wherein the first wireless resource control setting is a wireless resource control setting related to the location among the one or more wireless resource control settings.

4. In paragraph 1, A method wherein, based on a change in the location of the non-terrestrial network node, the first radio resource control setting is released, and a second radio resource control setting among the one or more radio resource control settings is applied.

5. In paragraph 4, A method wherein the second wireless resource control setting is a wireless resource control setting related to the changed location among the one or more wireless resource control settings.

6. In paragraph 1, A method wherein the first wireless resource control setting includes at least one of information related to the number of repetitions for transmission, information related to transmission power control, information related to the transmission period of a downlink channel or signal, or information related to the pattern of a reference signal.

7. In paragraph 1, A method wherein the first wireless resource control setting includes information related to a common TA (timing advance).

8. In paragraph 1, A method wherein the first wireless resource control setting includes information related to an offset used to determine the timing of uplink transmission based on downlink reception.

9. In paragraph 1, A method wherein the first wireless resource control setting includes information related to an offset indicating a time difference between a downlink frame and an uplink frame.

10. In paragraph 1, A method wherein, based on the location and time interval, the first radio resource control setting related to the location and time interval among the one or more radio resource control settings is applied.

11. In paragraph 1, A method further comprising: a step of transmitting an uplink shared channel for initial access and a reference signal related to the uplink shared channel; 12. In paragraph 11, A method in which resources for the above uplink shared channel and resources for the above reference signal are randomly selected by the first device from among the set candidate resources.

13. In paragraph 11, A method further comprising: a step of receiving a TA (timing advance) command obtained based on the above reference signal.

14. In the first device, At least one transmitter / receiver; at least one processor; and At least one memory connected to said at least one processor and storing instructions, said instructions causing said first device to perform an operation based on being executed by said at least one processor, said operation comprising: A step of obtaining one or more wireless resource control settings; A step of applying a first radio resource control setting from among the one or more radio resource control settings based on the location of the non-terrestrial network node; and A first device comprising: a step of performing communication with the non-terrestrial network node based on the first wireless resource control setting; 15. In the processing device, at least one processor; and At least one memory connected to said at least one processor and storing instructions, said instructions causing the first device to perform an operation based on execution by said at least one processor, said operation comprising: A step of obtaining one or more wireless resource control settings; A step of applying a first radio resource control setting from among the one or more radio resource control settings based on the location of the non-terrestrial network node; and A processing device comprising: a step of performing communication with the non-terrestrial network node based on the first wireless resource control setting; 16. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that records commands, The above commands, upon being executed, cause the first device to perform an action, wherein the action is: A step of obtaining one or more wireless resource control settings; A step of applying a first radio resource control setting from among the one or more radio resource control settings based on the location of the non-terrestrial network node; and A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium comprising: a step of performing communication with the non-terrestrial network node based on the first wireless resource control setting; 17. In the method, a step in which the second device transmits one or more radio resource control settings; and A step in which the second device performs communication with the first device through a non-terrestrial network node based on the first wireless resource control setting; A method wherein the first wireless resource control setting is a wireless resource control setting related to the location of the non-terrestrial network node among the one or more wireless resource control settings.

18. In the second device, At least one transmitter / receiver; at least one processor; and At least one memory connected to said at least one processor and storing instructions, said instructions causing said second device to perform an operation based on execution by said at least one processor, said operation comprising: transmitting one or more wireless resource control settings; and A step of performing communication with a first device through a non-terrestrial network node based on a first wireless resource control setting; including; A second device, wherein the first wireless resource control setting is a wireless resource control setting related to the location of the non-terrestrial network node among the one or more wireless resource control settings.

19. In the processing device, at least one processor; and At least one memory connected to said at least one processor and storing instructions, said instructions causing a second device to perform an operation based on execution by said at least one processor, said operation comprising: transmitting one or more wireless resource control settings; and A step of performing communication with a first device through a non-terrestrial network node based on a first wireless resource control setting; including; A processing device, wherein the first wireless resource control setting is a wireless resource control setting related to the location of the non-terrestrial network node among the one or more wireless resource control settings.

20. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that records commands, The above commands, based on which they are executed, cause the second device to perform an action, wherein the action is: transmitting one or more wireless resource control settings; and A step of performing communication with a first device through a non-terrestrial network node based on a first wireless resource control setting; including; A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, wherein the first wireless resource control setting is a wireless resource control setting related to the location of the non-terrestrial network node among the one or more wireless resource control settings.

Images