Mandibular distractor apparatus and methods

Abstract

Disclosed herein is a lingual mandibular distractor and methods and systems for designing the same. The lingual mandibular distractor as disclosed herein is configured to be installed at a lingual surface of the mouth of a patient. The lingual mandibular distractor as disclosed herein is designed based on the intended patient's specific anatomy. 3D printing processes may be utilized to create the frame of the lingual mandibular distractor, and an expansion assembly is connected to the frame to complete the lingual mandibular distractor appliance.

Description

MANDIBULAR DISTRACTOR APPARATUS AND METHODSCROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 669,597, filed July 10, 2024, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.BACKGROUND

[0002] Where a patient is determined to need expansion of the transverse width of the mandible, a jaw distraction surgery may be performed on the patient. In such a surgery, a cut is made through the midline of the patient’s mandible (e.g., along the mandibular symphysis). Following the jaw distraction surgery, a mandibular distractor may be placed in the patient’s mouth to expand the mandible in the transverse direction, away from the midline. This allows for distraction osteogenesis of the mandibular symphysis.

[0003] Historically, such mandibular distractors were installed at the buccal aspect of the mandible via connection to the mandible (e.g. to the bone of the jaw), in some examples by fasteners such as screws that connected a plate to either side of the midline / symphysis. This submucosal installation of the plate required a flap to be cut into the tissue overlying the mandible. These historical mandibular distractors were manufactured in stock fashion, and prior to installation the plates needed to be bent to adapt to each particular patient’s anatomy (which may weaken the plate materials). Further, a joint between the plate and the expansion portion of the mandibular distractor is historically welded, which results in weakness of the apparatus at that junction. Additionally, placement of the mandibular distractor in the buccal aspect of the mandible causes discomfort for the patient and is difficult to clean, leading to periodontal issues, gum recession or infection, and potentially loss of teeth. Some historical mandibular distractors additionally connected to the buccal surface of the teeth of the lower jaw. This also presented a challenge for cleaning and maintaining good oral hygiene and health for the patient.SUMMARY

[0004] Disclosed herein is a lingual mandibular distractor and methods and systems for designing the same. The lingual mandibular distractor as disclosed herein is configured to be installed at a lingual surface of the mouth of a patient. The lingualmandibular distractor as disclosed herein is designed based on the intended patient’s specific anatomy. 3D printing processes may be utilized to create the frame of the lingual mandibular distractor, and an expansion assembly is connected to the frame to complete the lingual mandibular distractor appliance that will be installed in the patient’s mouth.

[0005] A variety of additional inventive aspects will be set forth in the description that follows. The inventive aspects can relate to individual features and to combinations of features. It is to be understood that both the forgoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the broad inventive concepts upon which the embodiments disclosed herein are based.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the description, illustrate several aspects of the present disclosure. A brief description of the drawings is as follows:

[0007] FIG. 1 illustrates an occlusal view of an example lingual mandibular skeletal distractor as described herein.

[0008] FIG. 2 illustrates a left-angle view of the example lingual mandibular skeletal di stractor of FIG. 1.

[0009] FIG. 3 illustrates a right-angle view of the example lingual mandibular skeletal distractor of FIG. 1.

[0010] FIG. 4 illustrates a posterior view of the example lingual mandibular skeletal di stractor of FIG. 1.

[0011] FIG. 5 illustrates a bottom view of the example lingual mandibular skeletal di stractor of FIG. 1.

[0012] FIG. 6 illustrates an anterior view of the example lingual mandibular skeletal di stractor of FIG. 1.

[0013] FIG. 7 illustrates a left view of the example lingual mandibular skeletal di stractor of FIG. 1.

[0014] FIG. 8 illustrates a right view of the example lingual mandibular skeletal di stractor of FIG. 1.

[0015] FIG. 9 illustrates an occlusal view of an example lingual mandibular skeletal distractor as described herein in relation to an example dental model.

[0016] FIG. 10 illustrates a left-angle view of the example lingual mandibular skeletal distractor and dental model of FIG. 9.

[0017] FIG. 11 illustrates a right-angle view of the example lingual mandibular skeletal distractor and dental model of FIG. 9.

[0018] FIG. 12 illustrates a posterior view of the example lingual mandibular skeletal distractor and dental model of FIG. 9.

[0019] FIG. 13 illustrates an example process and system for the design, fitting, and use of an example lingual mandibular skeletal distractor as described herein.

[0020] FIG. 14 illustrates an example method for the design of an example lingual mandibular skeletal distractor as described herein.

[0021] FIG. 15 illustrates an example method for the fitting of an example lingual mandibular skeletal distractor as described herein.

[0022] FIG. 16 illustrates an example method for the use of an example lingual mandibular skeletal distractor as described herein.

[0023] FIG. 17 illustrates an example diagram showing a typical position of various teeth in an upper and lower jaw of an example adult patient.

[0024] FIG. 18 illustrates an example block diagram of a computing system for executing all or part(s) of the system of FIG. 13.

[0025] FIG. 19 illustrates an example system 1900 wherein a mandibular distractor includes a readable information feature.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In the following detailed description, references are made to the accompanying figures that form a part hereof, and in which are shown by way of illustrations specific embodiments or examples. These aspects may be combined, other aspects may be utilized, and structural changes may be made without departing from the present disclosure. Examples may be practiced as methods, systems, or devices. The following detailed description is therefore not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. Wherever possible, the same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like parts.

[0027] Described herein are examples of a lingual mandibular skeletal distractor (hereinafter “mandibular distractor”) to provide anchorage and force to surgically- assisted mandibular skeletal expansion. The disclosed lingual mandibular skeletal distractors, for example, may be utilized to expand the transverse width of a mandible ofa patient for constricted arches. The disclosed mandibular distractor provides significant advantages over historical mandibular distractors.

[0028] The disclosed mandibular distractor can be custom designed and created (e.g. including 3D printing of a frame) to conform to each particular patient’s anatomy. Therefore, no bending of stock materials is necessary, and no resulting weakening of the materials occurs. The disclosed mandibular distractor is both bone-borne and tooth- borne. This ensures that the transverse width of the mandible is expanded uniformly and without pushing teeth out of bone. That is, the dentoalveolar expansion occurs along with (and may be equal to) the basal bone expansion. The mandibular distractor is connected to the bone of the mandible via temporary anchorage devices (hereinafter “TADs”) or other appropriate fasteners, and to the teeth by half-lingual, half-occlusal bands. Because the mandibular distractor sits on top of the oral tissue (e.g. is not submucosal), it does not require opening of a flap for placement.

[0029] The mandibular distractor as disclosed includes lumens that guide the TADs into positions that are pre-planned during the custom design process.

[0030] The disclosed mandibular distractor is placed at the lingual surface. The expansion apparatus of the mandibular distractor is placed lingual to the incisors. The lingual placement of the mandibular distractor contributes to patient comfort and allows for easier cleaning of the mandibular distractor (as well as easier cleaning of the teeth) and easier maintenance of oral hygiene. This also allows for easier installation, removal, and adjustment of the mandibular distractor as needed.

[0031] Patient anatomical data (for example, gathered from measurements, x-ray images and / or images from other imaging modalities) can be utilized to design a custom mandibular distractor arrangement for a particular patient. This ensures fit, comfort, and proper functioning of the mandibular distractor. The mandibular distractor may be 3D printed, and in some examples, a dental model of a portion of the patient’s mouth is also 3D printed. This allows for the mandibular distractor to be test-fitted to the patient’s anatomy prior to surgery and / or installation of the mandibular distractor.

[0032] In some examples, the mandibular distractor may be labeled with a patient identification (hereinafter “patient ID”) or other feature. In some examples, the disclosed mandibular distractor may include a readable information feature such as a barcode type, that may provide access to information related to the mandibular distractor and / or the patient via an electronic device.

[0033] These and other examples will be explained in more detail below with respect to FIG. 1 - FIG. 19. One or more figures may be discussed simultaneously. Not all features may be shown in all figures.

[0034] FIGS. 1 through 8 illustrate various views of an example mandibular distractor 10 as described herein. The mandibular distractor 10 includes a frame that includes two portions: left frame portion (e.g. a first frame portion) 56 and right frame portion (e.g. a second frame portion) 58. Left frame portion 56 and right frame portion 58 are connected across a midline X by an expansion assembly 22 at an anterior end 02, which is opposite a posterior end 04.

[0035] The mandibular distractor 10 includes a plurality of bands 12. Each band 12 connects to a tooth at both a lingual surface of the tooth and an occlusal surface of the tooth. In examples, each band 12 connects to a molar tooth or a premolar tooth. Each band 12 defines a band opening 14 through which a portion of the tooth surface may protrude. Each band 12 is connected by a bar 20 of the frame. Specifically, bars 20a (refer to FIGS. 2 and 3) may join one band 12 to the adjacent band 12. The bars 20a are configured so as to not contact the teeth. The arrangement of the bars 20a and the bands 12 enables cleaning of the teeth without removing the bands 12 from the teeth. The arrangement of the bars 20a and the bands 12 further enables removal of a single band (or several bands) 12 from the tooth without requiring removal of the mandibular distractor 10 as a whole from the patient in the event that a tooth needs dental treatment. The arrangement of bars 20 defines a plurality of frame openings 52 that provide for cleaning and other access to the teeth and tissues behind the bars 20.

[0036] The mandibular distractor 10 includes a plurality of lumens 16. Each lumen 16 defines a lumen opening 18 through which a TAD or other appropriate fastener (not illustrated) may be inserted to connect the mandibular distractor to the mandible (e.g. bone). The positions of each lumen 16 are planned during the design process, and can be specific to each patent’s anatomy. In some examples, the diameter of each lumen 16 is determined based on the space between tooth roots of the patient, structural integrity factors, and / or TAD / fastener characteristics.

[0037] In some examples, the lumens 16 and lumen openings 18 may be configured to receive a particular TAD or fastener. For example, the lumen opening 18 may include a countersink for a TAD or fastener head. In an example, the diameter of the lumen opening 18 may be between about 1.5 mm and about 2.0 mm. In some examples, the diameter of the lumen opening 18 may be about 1.5 mm. In some examples, the diameterof the lumen opening 18 may be about 2.0 mm. In some examples, the diameter of the lumen opening 18 may less than about 1.5 mm. In some examples, the diameter of the lumen opening 18 may greater than about 1.5 mm. In some examples, the diameter of the lumen opening 18 may less than about 2.0 mm. In some examples, the diameter of the lumen opening 18 may greater than about 2.0 mm.

[0038] Bars 20 connect each lumen 16 to the adjacent lumen(s) 16 and to the bands 12. Specifically, bars 20b (refer to FIGS. 2 and 3) may join a lumen 16 to one or more bands 12 (and conversely, a band 12 to one or more lumens 16). In some examples, where possible, each lumen 16 is connected to two bands 12 (and therefore, to two teeth). This arrangement may form a triangle-shaped frame opening 52 between the lumen 16 and connected bands 12. Bars 20c (refer again to FIGS. 2 and 3) may join a lumen 16 to an adjacent lumen 16 in series, or to another portion of the frame. The arrangement of the bars 20b and 20c enables cleaning of the teeth without removing the mandibular di stractor 10 from the patient. Other arrangements of bars 20 are contemplated in which the bands 12 and lumens 16 are mechanically interconnected for the application of force by the distractor, discussed below.

[0039] Mandibular distractor 10 includes an outward-facing surface 24 that is exposed when the mandibular distractor 10 is installed, and a bottom surface 28 (best seen in FIG. 4) that faces the tissues of the patient when installed. At least a portion of the bottom surface 28 contacts with or otherwise engages the teeth of the patient (for example, at the bands 12 and the lumens 16).

[0040] The frame of mandibular distractor 10 includes expansion assembly support features 26, 34. Expansion assembly support features 26, 34 are configured to connect each of the left frame portion 56 and right frame portion 58 to the expansion assembly 22. The expansion assembly support features 26, 34 may be connected to other features of the mandibular distractor 10 frame by one or more bars 20. The expansion assembly support features 26, 34 may be designed such that the expansion assembly 22 slides into place between the left frame portion 56 and right frame portion 58. The expansion assembly 22 may be laser welded into place once slid into place.

[0041] Expansion assembly 22 includes a left portion 36 connected to the left frame portion 56 and a right portion 38 connected to the right frame portion 58. The left portion 36 and right portion 38 each receive an end of an expansion screw 40 or other type of expansion device transverse across midline X. In some examples, expansion assembly 22 includes a plurality of guide pins 42 that extend through left portion 36 and rightportion 38 parallel to expansion screw 40 to help maintain proper alignment of the expansion screw 40. In some examples, one or both ends of the expansion screw 40 include an adjustment or installation feature 44 for actuation of the expansion screw 40, such as for adjustment or installation. In some examples, the expansion screw 44 is a pin-turned screw that can be actuated by a tool at a location between the left portion 36 and the right portion 38. Actuation of the expansion screw 40 causes the gap distance G between the left portion 36 and the right portion 38 (and therefore the gap distance G between the left frame portion 56 and the right frame portion 58) to increase or decrease, depending on the direction / manner of manipulation. In some examples, the gap distance G is set to a smaller distance when the mandibular distractor 10 is first installed, and then after a period of time, the expansion screw 40 is manipulated to increase gap distance G. This increase may occur a plurality of times during the time when the patient is wearing the mandibular distractor 10, until a final desired transverse width of the mandible (and an associated final desired gap distance G) is achieved.

[0042] Although one example of an expansion assembly 22 is described above, it should be understood that a variety of other devices can be used to cause expansion. Alternative expansion assemblies can be used in addition to the specific one described above. For example, instead of using an expansion screw, other types of expansion devices may be utilized. These alternative expansion devices can be transverse across the midline X and connected to the left and right portions of the expansion assembly. Alternative expansion assemblies may likewise include guide structures such as the pins described above that extend through the left and right portions of the assembly parallel to the expansion device. These guide pins help maintain proper alignment of the expansion device during manipulation.

[0043] Additionally, the ends of the expansion device can include adjustment or installation features. These features facilitate the adjustment or installation of the expansion device. Manipulating the expansion device causes the gap distance between the left and right portions (and consequently, the gap distance between the left and right frame portions) to either increase or decrease, depending on the direction and manner of manipulation. The adjustment features can include one-way or two-way adjustability. That is, it may be desirable in some circumstances to have the expansion device only increase the gap G, and include ratcheting or similar features that prevent subsequent decrease in the gap G.

[0044] FIGS. 9 through 12 illustrate various views of the example mandibular distractor 10 as described herein in relation to an example dental model 46. In FIGS. 9 through 12, the mandibular distractor 10 is shown in solid lines and the dental model 46 is shown in broken lines for purposes of clarity and readability of the figures, and so that the mandibular distractor 10 and the dental model 46 may be clearly distinguished in the figures. Dental model 46 represents an example dental model that may be 3D printed or otherwise molded or created, based on a patient’s particular anatomy, for a fit check of the mandibular distractor 10. Dental model 46 also represents a symbolic illustration of the manner in which mandibular distractor 10 fits in the mouth of the patient and interacts with the features of the patient’s mouth. The dental model 46 includes a mandibular portion 54 (representing the bone and / or tissue of the jaw), teeth 50, and any other features of the patient’s mouth (for example, braces 48). The dental model 46 has a lingual surface 06 opposite a buccal surface 08, as well as an anterior end 02 opposite a posterior end 04.

[0045] When installed on dental model 46 (and therefore also in the mouth of the patient), at least a portion of the bottom surface 28 of the mandibular distractor 10 contacts at least a portion of the dental model 46. For example, the bottom surface 28 of each of the bands 12 contacts an intended tooth 50 at least at an occlusal surface 60 of the tooth and a lingual surface 06 of the tooth. A portion of the occlusal surface 60 of each tooth 50 may protrude through the band opening 14 of each of the bands 12. This contact and protrusion holds the mandibular distractor 10 in place, as well as aiding in alignment of the teeth 50 with the mandibular portion 54 as the desired expansion occurs (for example, so the teeth 50 do not tilt inward or outward in an undesired manner).

[0046] When installed on dental model 46 (and therefore also in the mouth of the patient), the expansion assembly 22 is located toward the anterior end 02 of the dental model 46, at the lingual surface 06 of the lower central incisors. The expansion assembly 22 is connected to a mesial end 72 of the left frame portion 56 (for example, a first frame portion) and a mesial end 74 of the right frame portion 58 (for example, a second frame portion).

[0047] The lingual position of the mandibular distractor 10 within the dental model 10 as shown means that no part of the mandibular distractor 10 is located on or contacts the buccal surface 08 of the dental model 46 (and therefore, of the patient’s mouth). The lingual position of the mandibular distractor 10 also means that the mandibular distractor10 may be installed without interfering with other dental features or apparatuses on the buccal surface 06, for example, braces 48.

[0048] In an example, each of the lumens 16 contacts the lingual surface of the mandibular portion 54. When installed in the patient’s mouth, a TAD or other fastener (not illustrated) may be received through a lumen opening 18 of each of the lumens 16 to hold the lumens in contact with the mandibular portion 54 (and therefore to hold the mandibular distractor 10 in place in the mouth). The placement of each lumen 16 is planned during the design of the mandibular distractor 10. In examples, the placement of each lumen 16 may be interproximal of molar and / or premolar roots. In a particular example, if the most anterior lumen 66 is located between premolars, the most anterior lumen 66 is connected by bars 20 to both of the premolars. In a particular example, if the most anterior lumen 66 is mesial of the premolars (for example, if the patient is missing a set of premolars), the most anterior lumen 66 is connected to one premolar and to the expansion assembly support features 26 on the mesial.

[0049] When installed on dental model 46 (and therefore also in the mouth of the patient), at least some of bars 20 do not contact the teeth 50 or mandibular portion 54. This facilitates easier cleaning of the mouth and mandibular distractor 10, as well as contributing to patient comfort. The orientation, size, quantity, and shape of the bars 20 are designed so as to optimize strength, patient comfort, cleanability, weight, and / or other factors. In some examples, bars 20 that connect the expansion assembly support features 26, 34 to the remainder of the left frame portion 56 and the right frame portion 58 are thicker (e.g. have a greater diameter) than bars 20 connecting other features of the mandibular distractor 10, to provide strength and stability, and to support the expansion assembly 22.

[0050] In a particular example, mandibular distractor 10 includes: a bar 64 from the mesial-lingual edge of the most mesial band 62 to the occlusal edge of the expansion assembly 22; a bar 68 from the most anterior lumen 66 to the gingival edge of the expansion assembly 22; and a support bar 70 connecting bar 64 and bar 68 to one another.

[0051] FIG. 13 illustrates an example process 1300 for the design, fitting, and use of an example lingual mandibular skeletal distractor as described herein. Patient data 1304 for a particular patient 1302 is gathered, which may include measurements, counts, observations, material allergies or sensitivities, or other data obtained related to the patient 1302, for example, as gathered by a dental medical professional (e.g. a dentist, dental assistant, oral surgeon, nurse, dental hygienist, or other professional).

[0052] Additional patient data (specifically, imaging data) 1306 related to patient 1302 may be gathered by one or more imaging system modalities, including x-rays, intraoral scanners, ultrasounds, CT, MRI, tomography, panoramic radiographs, and / or other modalities.

[0053] Patient data 1304, 1306 are received at a device 1310, for example, a desktop computer, laptop computer, medical device, tablet, smartphone, smart TV, or other electronic device. A user 1308 (for example, a dental medical professional) may utilize one or more user interfaces 1312 on the device 1310 to design a custom mandibular distractor for the particular patient 1302 associated with the patient data 1304, 1306. In some examples, a machine learning system (for example, an unsupervised learning system) may identify TAD / fastener and lumen placements and design. Such machine learning designs may be subsequently accepted, modified, or rejected by a user 1308, or may be printed without any user involvement in some examples. Additionally, user 1308 may utilize one or more user interfaces 1312 on the device 1310 to design a custom dental model corresponding to the anatomy (and any related dental features such as braces, for example) of the particular patient 1302. The dental model may be designed with holes corresponding to planned lumen (and associated TAD or other fastener) positions.

[0054] In some examples, the custom mandibular distractor and / or the dental model that is designed may include a patient ID corresponding to the patient 1302 and / or other feature. In some examples, the feature may include a readable information feature that may allow a user to access information related to the mandibular distractor and / or the patient via an electronic device.

[0055] The mandibular distractor design (and the dental model design, where applicable) is received at a 3D printer 1314. The 3D printer 1314 creates / prints the mandibular distractor 1318 and / or dental model 1316, using appropriate materials. In some examples, the mandibular distractor 1318 (for example, mandibular distractor 10 as described above, including both a left frame portion 56 and right frame portion 58, which may be printed separately) is printed using metal laser sintering. In some examples, the mandibular distractor material consists of cobalt chromium and / or alloys thereof. An example alloy includes Dentaurum remanium® star powder. In some examples, materials such as other metals, metal alloys, resins, plastics, composites, or other materials may be contemplated. In some examples, the particle diameter of the mandibular distractor material prior to printing is between about 10 pm and about 30 pm. In some examples, the diameter of the mandibular distractor material prior to printing isgreater than about 10 gm. In some examples, the diameter of the mandibular distractor material prior to printing is less than about 10 gm. In some examples, the diameter of the mandibular distractor material prior to printing is greater than about 30 pm. In some examples, the diameter of the mandibular distractor material prior to printing is less than about 30 pm. In some examples, the dental model 1316 is 3D printed as a resin or plastic material, although other materials are possible.

[0056] After being printed, mandibular distractor 1318 is subject to post-print processes 1320. This may include heat treating (according to the mandibular distractor material manufacturer specifications), which may be performed while the mandibular distractor 1318 is still connected to a printer plate, or, in other examples, after the mandibular distractor 1318 is removed from the printer plate.

[0057] The mandibular distractor 1318 is removed from the printer plate (if this has not already been done), and is placed onto the dental model 1316 to test the fit of the mandibular distractor 1318 against the patient’s anatomy. During the test fit, the positions of the lumens is verified, as is the position and fit of the bands, as well as the position and fit of other features of the mandibular distractor 1318. Additionally, lumens may be test-fitted at 1322 with sample TADs or other fasteners, to verify fit. If the test fit shows that the mandibular distractor 1318 does not properly fit the dental model (and therefore will not properly fit within the patient’s 1302 mouth), manual adjustments may be made to the mandibular distractor 1318 or a new mandibular distractor may be designed at user interface 1312 and printed at 3D printer 1314.

[0058] A properly fitting mandibular distractor 1318 is subject to post-fit finishing processes 1324. This may include sandblasting, finishing, polishing, filing, cleaning, and / or other final adjustments. Post-fit finishing adjustments also includes insertion of the expansion assembly (for example, expansion assembly 22) into the mandibular distractor 1318 (for example, between the two portions of the frame). The assembled mandibular distractor 1318 with expansion assembly is aligned on the dental model 1316 using temporary TADs (or other fasteners) and may be temporarily secured to the dental model (for example, using model wax). Using the dental model 1316 to help maintain proper alignment of the assembled mandibular distractor 1318, the expansion assembly is laser-welded into the mandibular distractor 1318 frame. The resulting welds may be finished / polished (for example, by hand). The final assembled mandibular distractor 1318 is placed once again on the dental model 1316 to confirm fit. Test TADs or otherfasteners may be placed through the lumens into the holes in the dental model 1316, to confirm accuracy of position.

[0059] In some examples, a patient ID and / or feature (for example, readable information feature) may be created as part of the mandibular distractor 1318 and / or dental model 1316 by 3D printer 1314 as part of the printing / creation process. In other examples, a patient ID and / or feature (for example, readable information feature) may be added to (for example, affixed to, connected to, placed on, glued / welded / soldered on, painted on, etched on, drawn on, fastened to, or otherwise added to) the mandibular distractor 1318 and / or dental model 1316 art of a post-print process 1320 or a post-fit finishing process 1324.

[0060] After a final quality and function check, the final assembled mandibular distractor is prepared for installation in the mouth of the patient 1302.

[0061] FIG. 14 illustrates an example method 1400 for the design of an example lingual mandibular skeletal distractor as described herein. At operation 1402, patientspecific data is provided to a computing system. The patient-specific data may include patient data (for example, measurements, bone thicknesses, dental appliances, counts, observations, material allergies or sensitivities, or other data obtained related to the patient). The patient-specific data may include patient imaging data, for example, data gathered by one or more imaging system modalities. The patient-specific data may be automatically received at the computing system from other systems, or may be provided to the computing system by a user (for example, a dental medical professional) via a user interface at a device. Patient-specific data may also include fastener position data may also be provided to the computing system via the user interface. The patient-specific data may be the same as patient-specific data mentioned above at steps 1304 and 1306, in some examples. In other examples, the patient-specific data may include additional or different data, or may exclude some data, of that mentioned above at step 1304 and 1306.

[0062] Patient-specific data may also include design input factors that are provided to the computing system via the user interface. Such design input factors may include an insertion path for each of a plurality of fasteners; placement locations for each of a plurality of lumens; band design input for each of a plurality of bands, where each of the plurality of bands is configured to contact at least a lingual surface of a tooth of the patient and an occlusal surface of the tooth; expansion assembly location input; and / or bar design input for each of a plurality of bars.

[0063] At operation 1404, a patient-specific lingual mandibular distractor frame design is generated. The generated lingual mandibular distractor frame design is based on at least the patient-specific data.

[0064] In an example, the patient data and patient image data are set up in a design studio on the computer system. Fastener positions are planned based on user input, bone thickness, and soft tissue thicknesses at the planned position. Fastener position planning may include considering position relative to teeth and other dental features and fastener diameter for each position. The design studio outputs a preliminary design to a 3D designer. The 3D design of the lingual mandibular distractor frame is generated using the preliminary model, and further considerations including: positioning of an expansion assembly; the use of plane orientation tools to create insertion paths for lumen and fastener positions; the use of custom attachments to place the lumens for each fastener position; lumen height adjustment at the internal cylindrical portion of each lumen at its shortest side; design and placement of bands; design and placement um bars and bar framework to connect bands, lumens, and expansion assembly support features to each other and to one another; addition of expansion assembly support features; addition and design of support bars; and others. Further design considerations may include smoothing and cleaning up the 3D design, including smoothing contact surfaces / gingival surfaces such as lumens and bottom surfaces of bands.

[0065] In some examples, a dental model design is also generated (see operation 1502). In such examples, in the 3D designer, a lower jaw model and an upper jaw model may be created, based on the patient-specific data. Considerations may include use of plane orientation tools to create insertion paths and angles for fasteners; and user of custom attachments to make holes in the model for each fastener position (the holes may not extend through the entire thickness of the model and may be based on the fastener diameter). The 3D lower jaw dental model design may be transmitted to a 3D printer for printing of a dental model (see operation 1504). In some examples, the 3D dental model design may be utilized to aid in the generation of the 3D lingual mandibular distractor design, to help determine fastener lengths (based on thickness of lumens, bone, and soft tissue), and to ensure proper alignment with fastener holes, teeth, and upper jaw / teeth. In such examples, the 3D dental model is subtracted from the 3D lingual mandibular distractor design prior to printing of either design.

[0066] In some examples, where the mandibular distractor frame design and / or the dental model design include a patient ID corresponding to the patient and / or otherfeature, a patient ID or other feature may be included in the relevant design in the design studio.

[0067] The computing system transmits the generated lingual mandibular distractor frame design to a 3D printer.

[0068] At operation 1406, a lingual mandibular distractor frame is printed at the 3D printer, based on the received lingual mandibular distractor frame design. In some examples, printing the lingual mandibular distractor frame utilizes a laser sintering process to print the lingual mandibular distractor cobalt chromium or an alloy thereof. In some examples, printing the lingual mandibular distractor frame includes printing a first frame portion and a second frame portion. In some examples, the lingual mandibular frame is printed on a printer plate.

[0069] In some examples, a patient ID and / or other feature may be created as part of the mandibular distractor 1318 and / or dental model 1316 by 3D printer 1314 as part of the printing process.

[0070] At operation 1408, the printed lingual mandibular distractor frame is heat treated. In some examples, the lingual mandibular distractor frame is heat treated prior to removing the lingual mandibular distractor frame from the printer plate.

[0071] FIG. 15 illustrates an example method 1500 for the fitting of an example lingual mandibular skeletal distractor as described herein. In some examples, method 1500 may continue from one or more steps of method 1400. At operation 1502, a patientspecific dental model design is generated at the computing system, based on at least the patient-specific data. The dental model design is transmitted to a 3D printer.

[0072] At operation 1504, a dental model is printed at the 3D printer, based on the received dental model design. In some examples, printing the dental model utilizes a resin or plastic material.

[0073] At operation 1506, the lingual mandibular distractor frame is test fitted on the dental model. The lingual mandibular distractor frame and the dental model are patient-specific to the same patient. In some examples, the lingual mandibular distractor frame includes a plurality of lumens, and a position of each of the plurality of lumens is verified with reference to the dental model. In some examples, each of the plurality of lumens is test fitted with a fastener.

[0074] FIG. 16 illustrates an example method for the use of an example lingual mandibular skeletal distractor as described herein. In some examples, method 1600 may continue from one or more steps of method 1400 and / or method 1500. At operation1602, an expansion assembly is inserted into the lingual mandibular distractor frame, thereby creating a lingual mandibular distractor.

[0075] At operation 1604, the lingual mandibular distractor is aligned on the dental model. The lingual mandibular distractor may be temporarily and removably secured to the dental model, for example, using model wax and / or sample fasteners.

[0076] At operation 1606, the expansion assembly is welded (for example, laser- welded) into the lingual mandibular distractor frame.

[0077] At operation 1608, the lingual mandibular distractor is finished by one or more finishing processes. Finishing processes may include one or more of sandblasting, polishing, and steam cleaning. In some examples, bottom surfaces of bands are not finished, and remain having a sandblasted texture. In some examples, the welds or other components may be polished by hand.

[0078] After finishing, the lingual mandibular distractor may be quality checked for fit, accuracy of design, expansion apparatus function, overall quality, and / or other considerations.

[0079] In examples, the lingual mandibular distractor may be labeled and / or packed with a document including patient identification information, patient bone measurements, and / or other patient data.

[0080] At operation 1610, the lingual mandibular distractor is installed onto a lingual surface of the mouth of the patient. The lingual mandibular distractor may be installed such that each of a plurality of bands of the lingual mandibular distractor contacts at least a lingual surface of a tooth of the patient and an occlusal surface of the tooth. Installing the lingual mandibular distractor may include inserting a fastener through each of a plurality of lumens of the lingual mandibular distractor to fasten the lingual mandibular distractor to the lingual surface of the mouth.

[0081] FIG. 17 illustrates an example diagram showing a typical position of various teeth in an upper jaw 1700 and lower jaw 1701 of an example adult patient as discussed with reference to the previous Figures. Same tooth names correspond to teeth positioned transverse across midline X. Example upper jaw 1700 includes a central incisor 1702, lateral incisor 1704, canine 1706, first premolar 1708, second premolar 1710, first molar 1712, second molar 1714, and third molar (wisdom tooth) 1716. Example lower jaw 1701 includes a third molar (wisdom tooth) 1718, second molar 1720, first molar 1722, second premolar 1724, first premolar 1726, canine 1728, lateral incisor 1730, and central incisor 1732. Some adult patients may have more or fewer teeth than indicated inexample upper jaw 1700 and / or example lower jaw 1701. Pediatric patients may also have more or fewer teeth than indicated in example upper jaw 1700 and / or example lower jaw 1701.

[0082] FIG. 18 illustrates an example block diagram of a computing system 1800 for executing all or part(s) of the systems described herein, for example, in FIG. 13. One or more aspects of the computing system 1800 can be used to implement the systems described herein, store instructions described herein, and preform operations described herein. Computing system 1800 may include or be included in, for example, device 1310.

[0083] In the embodiment shown, the computing system 1800 includes one or more processors 1802, a system memory 1808, and a system bus 1822 that couples the system memory 1808 to the one or more processors 1802. The system memory 1808 includes RAM (Random Access Memory) 1810 and ROM (Read-Only Memory) 1812. A basic input / output system that contains the basic routines that help to transfer information between elements within the computing system 1800, such as during startup, is stored in the ROM 1812. The computing system 1800 further includes a mass storage device 1814. The mass storage device 1814 is able to store software instructions and data. The one or more processors 1802 can be one or more central processing units or other processors.

[0084] The mass storage device 1814 is connected to the one or more processors 1802 through a mass storage controller (not shown) connected to the system bus 1822. The mass storage device 1814 and its associated computer-readable data storage media provide non-volatile, non-transitory storage for the computing system 1800. Although the description of computer-readable data storage media contained herein refers to a mass storage device, such as a hard disk or solid-state disk, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that computer-readable data storage media can be any available non- transitory, physical device or article of manufacture from which the central display station can read data and / or instructions.

[0085] Computer-readable data storage media include volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer-readable software instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Example types of computer-readable data storage media include, but are not limited to, RAM, ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other solid state memory technology, CD-ROMs, DVD (Digital Versatile Discs), other opticalstorage media, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which can be used to store the desired information and which can be accessed by the computing system 1800.

[0086] According to various embodiments of the invention, the computing system 1800 may operate in a networked environment using logical connections to remote network devices through the network 1801. The network 1801 is a computer network, such as an enterprise intranet and / or the Internet. The network 1801 can include a LAN, a Wide Area Network (WAN), the Internet, wireless transmission mediums, wired transmission mediums, other networks, and combinations thereof. The computing system 1800 may connect to the network 1801 through a network interface unit 1804 connected to the system bus 1822. It should be appreciated that the network interface unit 1804 may also be utilized to connect to other types of networks and remote computing systems. The computing system 1800 also includes an input / output controller 1806 for receiving and processing input from a number of other devices, including a touch user interface display screen, or another type of input device. Similarly, the input / output controller 1806 may provide output to a touch user interface display screen or other type of output device.

[0087] As mentioned briefly above, the mass storage device 1814 and the RAM 1810 of the computing system 1800 can store software instructions and data. The software instructions include an operating system 1818 suitable for controlling the operation of the computing system 1800. The mass storage device 1814 and / or the RAM 1810 also store software instructions, that when executed by the one or more processors 1802, cause one or more of the systems, devices, or components described herein to provide functionality described herein. For example, the mass storage device 1814 and / or the RAM 1810 can store software instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors 1802, cause the computing system 1800 to receive and execute managing network access control and build system processes.

[0088] FIG. 19 illustrates an example system 1900 wherein a mandibular distractor 1902 as described herein includes a readable information feature 1904. The readable information feature 1904 may be unique to the patient and / or to the particular readable information feature 1904. In some examples, the readable information feature 1904 may allow a user 1918 to access data and / or information related to the mandibular distractor and / or the patient via an electronic device. In some examples, the readable information feature 1904 may be a type of barcode or other coded symbol, for example, a 1-dimensional or 2-dimensional barcode such as: QR code, UPC code (for example, UPC- A), EAN-13 code, EAN-8 code, Code 39, Code 93, ITF-14, PDF417, MSI Plessey, Code 128, AZTEC Barcode, GS1-128, Codabar, Data Matrix Code, Code 11, Pharmacode, and / or other types of readable features.

[0089] A reading device 1906 may image, scan, or otherwise read the readable information feature 1904. The reading device 1906 may include an imaging device, for example, a camera. A camera may be a standalone camera, or a camera that is part of another electronic device, such as a mobile phone, smartphone, tablet, laptop computer, desktop computer, image-based scanner (for example, a 2D area imager or a linear imager), medical imaging device, or other type of electronic device. The reading device 1906 may be another type of scanner, such as a laser scanner, charge-coupled device scanner, pen scanner, or other type of scanner.

[0090] When the reading device 1906 reads the readable information feature 1904, scan data associated with the readable information feature 1904 is received at a medical computing system 1908, for example, at a decoding application 1910. The scan data may be transmitted to and received by the medical computing system 1908 wirelessly (e.g. via wi-fi, Bluetooth, mobile connection, radio, and / or others), via a wired (e.g. cable, wire, fiber-optic, and / or others) connection, via a network, and / or a combination thereof. At decoding application 1908, the scan data may be decoded, transformed, and / or otherwise processed or utilized to determine patient and / or mandibular distractor data associated with the particular scanned readable information feature 1904 (and therefore with the particular mandibular distractor 1902).

[0091] At a device 1920, a user 1918 may access, via a user interface 1922 displayed at a display of the device 1920, data associated with the patient and / or the mandibular distractor 1902, for example, associated with a particular patient’s medical ‘file’. For example, data accessed may include patient data 1914 (for example, including patient data 1304) and / or image data from one or more imaging systems 1916 (for example, imaging system(s) 1306). Data accessed may further or alternatively include distractor / installation data 1912; which may include further information / data related to specifications of the mandibular distractor 1902; model s / designs associated with the mandibular distractor 1902 and / or a related dental model (for example, a design such as that generated at operation 1404 and / or operation 1502); information related to the date or circumstances of a procedure to install the mandibular distractor 1902 into the patient; healthcare provider notes or comments related to installation, adjustment, or otherinformation related to the mandibular distractor 1902 once installed; relevant dates and / or measurements; additional image data (for example, during or after installation); and / or other information or data relevant to the patient and / or the mandibular distractor 1902.

[0092] The user interface 1922 may include a webpage, application, or other means of interaction and / or display of information, data, and / or images at device 1920. The user 1918 may include a healthcare provider (for example, a doctor, dentist, nurse, technician, medical assistant, hygienist, or other) and / or other type of user. The device 1920 may include a mobile phone, smart phone, laptop computer, desktop computer, medical device, and / or other device capable of accessing or generating and displaying user interface 1922. Device 1920 may include a keyboard, mousejoystick, tracker ball, touchscreen, toggles, buttons, switches, microphone, video capture, and / or other features to facilitate interaction with and receive information from the user 1918.

[0093] At device 1920, the user 1918 may input additional patient and / or additional image data of the same types or different types as already described herein. In a particular example, user 1918 may add healthcare comments and / or measurements to the patient’s file. In a particular example, the user 1918 may upload new image data, such as new photographs or x-ray images, to the patient’s file. In the future, when the readable information feature 1904 is read in a subsequent scan, this additional data will be available at the user interface 1922 in addition to the previously presented data. This allows for a medical provider to track data over time, and view a history of the patient and / or the mandibular distractor 1902, and to view the most recently updated data.

[0094] The presence of the readable information feature 1904 may also allow a different healthcare professional (e.g. different from the healthcare provider that installed the mandibular distractor 1902 in the patient) to access the data, in examples where the computing system(s) 1908 are configured as such. In a particular example, if a patient has the mandibular distractor 1902 installed at a dental office, the dental surgeon and his or her related practitioners may routinely scan the readable information feature 1904 as part of the patient’s dental care. That patient may suffer an emergency medical incident and may find themselves in the emergency room of a hospital. The emergency room healthcare providers may scan the readable information feature 1904 for access to data regarding the patient and / or the mandibular distractor 1902 if necessary to support emergency room, intensive care, or other hospital treatment.

[0095] As should be appreciated, the various aspects described with respect to the figures herein are not intended to limit the technology to the particular aspectsdescribed. Accordingly, additional configurations can be used to practice the technology herein and / or some aspects described can be excluded without departing from the methods and systems disclosed herein.

[0096] Similarly, where operations of a process are disclosed, those operations are described for purposes of illustrating the present technology and are not intended to limit the disclosure to a particular sequence of operations. For example, the operations can be performed in differing order, two or more operations can be performed concurrently, additional operations can be performed, and disclosed operations can be excluded without departing from the present disclosure. Further, each operation can be accomplished via one or more sub-operations. The disclosed processes can be repeated.

[0097] Although specific aspects were described herein, the scope of the technology is not limited to those specific aspects. One skilled in the art will recognize other aspects or improvements that are within the scope of the present technology. Therefore, the specific structure, acts, or operations are disclosed only as illustrative aspects. The scope of the technology is defined by the following claims and any equivalents therein. Examples of the disclosure may be described according to the following aspects.

[0098] Aspect 1. A lingual mandibular distractor, comprising: a frame, the frame comprising: a plurality of bands, each of the plurality of bands being configured to contact at least a lingual surface of a tooth and an occlusal surface of the tooth; a plurality of lumens, each of the plurality of lumens being connected to at least one of the plurality of bands, each of the plurality of lumens comprising a lumen opening configured to receive a fastener; and an expansion assembly connected to the frame.

[0099] Aspect 2. The lingual mandibular distractor of aspect 1, wherein the frame comprises a first frame portion and a second frame portion, wherein the expansion assembly is connected to a mesial end of the first frame portion and a mesial end of the second frame portion.

[0100] Aspect 3. The lingual mandibular distractor of aspect 2, wherein the expansion assembly causes a gap distance between the first frame portion and the second frame portion to increase.

[0101] Aspect 4. The lingual mandibular distractor of any of aspects 2-3, wherein the expansion assembly comprises: a first expansion assembly portion connected to the mesial end of the first frame portion; a second expansion assembly portion connected tothe mesial end of the second frame portion; and an expansion screw movably received at both the first expansion assembly portion and the second expansion assembly portion, wherein actuation of the expansion screw causes a distance between the first expansion assembly portion and the second expansion assembly portion to change.

[0102] Aspect 5. The lingual mandibular distractor of any of aspects 1-4, further comprising a plurality of bars, wherein each of the plurality of lumens is connected to at least one of the plurality of bands by at least one of the plurality of bars.

[0103] Aspect 6. The lingual mandibular distractor of aspect 5, wherein each of the plurality of lumens is connected to at least one other of the plurality of lumens by at least one of the plurality of bars.

[0104] Aspect 7. The lingual mandibular distractor of any of aspects 5-6, further comprising a plurality of frame openings defined by an arrangement of the plurality of bars.

[0105] Aspect 8. The lingual mandibular distractor of any of aspects 5-7, wherein each of the plurality of bands is connected to at least one other of the plurality of bands by at least one of the plurality of bars.

[0106] Aspect 9. The lingual mandibular distractor of any of aspects 1-8, wherein each of the plurality of lumens is configured to contact a lingual surface of a patient’s jaw, and wherein each fastener is configured to fasten the frame to the lingual surface of the patient jaw.

[0107] Aspect 10. The lingual mandibular distractor of any of aspects 1-9, wherein each of the plurality of bands comprises a band opening, the band opening configured to allow a portion of the tooth to protrude therethrough.

[0108] Aspect 11. The lingual mandibular distractor of any of aspects 1-10, each of the plurality of lumens is connected to at least two of the plurality of bands.

[0109] Aspect 12. The lingual mandibular distractor of any of aspects 1-11, comprising cobalt chromium.

[0110] Aspect 13. The lingual mandibular distractor of any of aspects 1-12, wherein the frame is manufactured by a 3D printing process.

[0111] Aspect 14. The lingual mandibular distractor of any of aspects 1-13, wherein the expansion assembly is laser-welded to the frame.

[0112] Aspect 15. The lingual mandibular distractor of any of aspects 1-14, wherein a design of the lingual mandibular distractor is custom to a particular patient.

[0113] Aspect 16. A method, comprising: providing patient data associated with a patient to a computing system, the patient data comprising at least patient imaging data and patient measurement data; providing fastener position data to the computing system via a user interface; generating, at the computing system, a lingual mandibular distractor frame design based on at least the patient data and the fastener position data, wherein the computing system is configured to output the generated lingual mandibular distractor frame design to a 3D printer; printing, at the 3D printer, a lingual mandibular distractor frame according to the lingual mandibular distractor frame design; and heat treating the lingual mandibular distractor frame.

[0114] Aspect 17. The method of aspect 16, further comprising finishing the lingual mandibular distractor by at least one of sandblasting, polishing, and steam cleaning.

[0115] Aspect 18. The method of any of aspects 16-17, wherein printing the lingual mandibular distractor frame comprises a laser sintering process utilizing cobalt chromium.

[0116] Aspect 19. The method of any of aspects 16-18, wherein printing the lingual mandibular distractor frame comprises printing a first frame portion and a second frame portion.

[0117] Aspect 20. The method of any of aspects 16-19, further comprising heat treating the lingual mandibular distractor frame prior to removing the lingual mandibular distractor frame from a printer plate.

[0118] Aspect 21. The method of any of aspects 16-20, further comprising providing design input factors to the computing system via the user interface, wherein generation of the lingual mandibular distractor frame at the computing system is further based on at least the design input factors, and wherein the design input factors comprise one or more of: an insertion path for each of a plurality of fasteners; placement locations for each of a plurality of lumens; band design input for each of a plurality of bands, wherein each of the plurality of bands is configured to contact at least a lingual surface of a tooth of the patient and an occlusal surface of the tooth; expansion assembly location input; and bar design input for each of a plurality of bars.

[0119] Aspect 22. The method of any of aspects 16-21, further comprising: generating, at the computing system, a patient-specific dental model design based on at least the patient data and the fastener position data, wherein the computing system isconfigured to output the dental model design to the 3D printer; and printing, at the 3D printer, a dental model according to the dental model design.

[0120] Aspect 23. The method of aspect 22, wherein printing the dental model comprises utilizing a resin material.

[0121] Aspect 24. The method of any of aspects 22-23, further comprising: testfitting the lingual mandibular distractor frame on the dental model, wherein the mandibular distractor frame comprises a plurality of lumens; verifying a position of each of the plurality of lumens with reference to the dental model; and test-fitting each of the plurality of lumens with a fastener.

[0122] Aspect 25. The method of any of aspects 22-24, further comprising: inserting an expansion assembly into the lingual mandibular distractor frame to create a lingual mandibular distractor; aligning the lingual mandibular distractor on the dental model; temporarily securing the lingual mandibular distractor to the dental model; and laser-welding the expansion assembly into the lingual mandibular distractor frame.

[0123] Aspect 26. The method of aspect 25, further comprising: installing the lingual mandibular distractor at a lingual surface of a mouth of the patient such that each of a plurality of bands of the lingual mandibular distractor contacts at least a lingual surface of a tooth of the patient and an occlusal surface of the tooth; and inserting a fastener through each of a plurality of lumens of the lingual mandibular distractor to fasten the lingual mandibular distractor to the lingual surface of the mouth.

[0124] Aspect 27. A system, comprising: a computing system, comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing computer-executable instructions, when executed by the at least one processor causing the computing system to: receive patient data associated with a patient, the patient data comprising at least patient imaging data and patient measurement data; receive fastener position data and design input factors via a user interface; based on at least the patient data, fastener position data, and design input factors, generate a lingual mandibular distractor frame design associated with the patient; and transmit the lingual mandibular distractor frame design to a 3D printer; and the 3D printer communicatively connected to the computing system, the 3D printer being configured to print a lingual mandibular distractor frame based on the lingual mandibular distractor frame design in response to receiving the lingual mandibular distractor frame design from the computing system.

[0125] Aspect 28. The system of aspect 27, wherein: the instructions further cause the computing system to: based on at least the patient data, fastener position data, and design input factors, generate a dental model design associated with the patient; and transmit the dental model design to the 3D printer; and the 3D printer is configured to print a dental model based on the dental model design in response to receiving the dental model design from the computing system.

[0126] Aspect 29. A system, comprising: a computing system, comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing computer-executable instructions, when executed by the at least one processor causing the computing system to: receive scan data from a reading device, the scan data associated with a readable information feature of a mandibular distractor; at a decoding application, relate the scan data with the mandibular distractor and a patient associated with the mandibular distractor; and generate a user interface, the user interface comprising data associated with at least one of the mandibular distractor and the patient.

[0127] Aspect 30. The system of aspect 29, further comprising instructions to: receive, via the user interface, updated data associated with at least one of the mandibular distractor and the patient.

[0128] Aspect 31. The system of aspect 30, further comprising instructions to: receive subsequent scan data, the subsequent scan data associated with the readable information feature of the mandibular distractor; at the decoding application, relate the subsequent scan data with the mandibular distractor and the patient associated with the mandibular distractor; and generate a subsequent user interface, wherein the subsequent user interface comprises at least the updated data.

[0129] Aspect 32. The system of any of aspects 29-31, wherein the readable information feature comprises a QR code.

[0130] Aspect 33. The system of any of aspects 29-32, wherein the reading device comprises a scanner, wherein the scanner is selected from among a laser scanner and an optical scanner.

[0131] The present disclosure relates to a lingual mandibular distractor. This distractor includes a frame comprising multiple bands and lumens. Each band is designed to contact both the lingual surface and occlusal surface of a tooth. The lumens are connected to the bands and have lumen openings to receive fasteners. Additionally, the frame is connected to an expansion assembly.

[0132] In one aspect, the frame includes a first frame portion and a second frame portion. The expansion assembly is connected to the mesial ends of both portions. This expansion assembly causes an increase in the gap distance between the first and second frame portions. The expansion assembly consists of a first expansion assembly portion, a second expansion assembly portion, and an expansion screw that movably connects both portions. Adjusting the expansion screw changes the distance between the first and second expansion assembly portions.

[0133] The lingual mandibular distractor may also comprise a plurality of bars. Each lumen is connected to at least one band through the bars. The lumens can also be connected to each other through the bars. The arrangement of the bars defines a plurality of frame openings. Moreover, the bands can be connected to each other through the bars.

[0134] In some aspects, the lumens are designed to contact the lingual surface of a patient's jaw and the fasteners are used to secure the frame to the lingual surface. The bands have band openings that allow a portion of the tooth to protrude through. Each lumen is connected to at least two bands. The frame is made of cobalt chromium and can be manufactured using a 3D printing process. The expansion assembly can be laser- welded to the frame. Furthermore, the design of the lingual mandibular distractor can be customized to a specific patient.

[0135] The disclosure further provides a method for fabricating the lingual mandibular distractor. Patient data, including imaging and measurement data, is inputted into a computing system along with fastener position data. Based on this data, the system generates a lingual mandibular distractor frame design, which is outputted to a 3D printer. The frame is printed using a 3D printing process, such as laser sintering with cobalt chromium. After printing, the frame undergoes heat treatment. It can also be finished by sandblasting, polishing, and steam cleaning.

[0136] The method can also involve generating a patient-specific dental model design based on the data and printing a dental model using a resin material. The lingual mandibular distractor frame is test-fitted on the dental model, and the position of the lumens is verified. The expansion assembly is inserted, aligned, temporarily secured, and laser-welded into the frame. Finally, the lingual mandibular distractor is installed in the patient's mouth by fastening it to the lingual surface using the lumens and fasteners.

[0137] The disclosure also includes a system comprising a computing system and a 3D printer. The computing system receives patient data, fastener position data, anddesign input factors, and generates the lingual mandibular distractor frame design based on this information. The frame design is transmitted to the 3D printer, which prints the frame accordingly. Optionally, the system can also generate a dental model design and print a dental model.

Claims

1. What is claimed is:

1. A lingual mandibular distractor, comprising: a frame, the frame comprising: a plurality of bands, each of the plurality of bands being configured to contact at least a lingual surface of a tooth and an occlusal surface of the tooth; a plurality of lumens, each of the plurality of lumens being connected to at least one of the plurality of bands, each of the plurality of lumens comprising a lumen opening configured to receive a fastener; and an expansion assembly connected to the frame.

2. The lingual mandibular distractor of claim 1, wherein the frame comprises a first frame portion and a second frame portion, wherein the expansion assembly is connected to a mesial end of the first frame portion and a mesial end of the second frame portion.

3. The lingual mandibular distractor of claim 2, wherein the expansion assembly causes a gap distance between the first frame portion and the second frame portion to increase.

4. The lingual mandibular distractor of claim 2, wherein the expansion assembly comprises: a first expansion assembly portion connected to the mesial end of the first frame portion; a second expansion assembly portion connected to the mesial end of the second frame portion; and an expansion screw movably received at both the first expansion assembly portion and the second expansion assembly portion, wherein actuation of the expansion screw causes a distance between the first expansion assembly portion and the second expansion assembly portion to change.

5. The lingual mandibular distractor of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of bars, wherein each of the plurality of lumens is connected to at least one of the plurality of bands by at least one of the plurality of bars.

6. The lingual mandibular distractor of claim 5, wherein each of the plurality of lumens is connected to at least one other of the plurality of lumens by at least one of the plurality of bars.

7. The lingual mandibular distractor of claim 5, further comprising a plurality of frame openings defined by an arrangement of the plurality of bars.

8. The lingual mandibular distractor of claim 5, wherein each of the plurality of bands is connected to at least one other of the plurality of bands by at least one of the plurality of bars.

9. The lingual mandibular distractor of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of lumens is configured to contact a lingual surface of a patient’s jaw, and wherein each fastener is configured to fasten the frame to the lingual surface of the patient jaw.

10. The lingual mandibular distractor of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of bands comprises a band opening, the band opening configured to allow a portion of the tooth to protrude therethrough.

11. The lingual mandibular distractor of claim 1, each of the plurality of lumens is connected to at least two of the plurality of bands.

12. The lingual mandibular distractor of claim 1, comprising cobalt chromium.

13. The lingual mandibular distractor of claim 1, wherein the frame is manufactured by a 3D printing process.

14. The lingual mandibular distractor of claim 1, wherein the expansion assembly is laser-welded to the frame.

15. The lingual mandibular distractor of claim 1, wherein a design of the lingual mandibular distractor is custom to a particular patient.

16. A method, comprising: providing patient data associated with a patient to a computing system, the patient data comprising at least patient imaging data and patient measurement data; providing fastener position data to the computing system via a user interface; generating, at the computing system, a lingual mandibular distractor frame design based on at least the patient data and the fastener position data, wherein the computing system is configured to output the generated lingual mandibular distractor frame design to a 3D printer; printing, at the 3D printer, a lingual mandibular distractor frame according to the lingual mandibular distractor frame design; and heat treating the lingual mandibular distractor frame.

17. The method of claim 16, further comprising finishing the lingual mandibular distractor by at least one of sandblasting, polishing, and steam cleaning.

18. The method of claim 16, wherein printing the lingual mandibular distractor frame comprises a laser sintering process utilizing cobalt chromium.

19. The method of claim 16, wherein printing the lingual mandibular distractor frame comprises printing a first frame portion and a second frame portion.

20. The method of any of claims 16-19, further comprising heat treating the lingual mandibular distractor frame prior to removing the lingual mandibular distractor frame from a printer plate.

21. The method of claim 16, further comprising providing design input factors to the computing system via the user interface, wherein generation of the lingual mandibular distractor frame at the computing system is further based on at least the design input factors, and wherein the design input factors comprise one or more of: an insertion path for each of a plurality of fasteners; placement locations for each of a plurality of lumens; band design input for each of a plurality of bands, wherein each of the plurality of bands is configured to contact at least a lingual surface of a tooth of the patient and an occlusal surface of the tooth;expansion assembly location input; and bar design input for each of a plurality of bars.

22. The method of claim 16, further comprising: generating, at the computing system, a patient-specific dental model design based on at least the patient data and the fastener position data, wherein the computing system is configured to output the dental model design to the 3D printer; and printing, at the 3D printer, a dental model according to the dental model design.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein printing the dental model comprises utilizing a resin material.

24. The method of claim 22, further comprising: test-fitting the lingual mandibular distractor frame on the dental model, wherein the mandibular distractor frame comprises a plurality of lumens; verifying a position of each of the plurality of lumens with reference to the dental model; and test-fitting each of the plurality of lumens with a fastener.

25. The method of claim 22, further comprising: inserting an expansion assembly into the lingual mandibular distractor frame to create a lingual mandibular distractor; aligning the lingual mandibular distractor on the dental model; temporarily securing the lingual mandibular distractor to the dental model; and laser-welding the expansion assembly into the lingual mandibular distractor frame.

26. The method of claim 25, further comprising: installing the lingual mandibular distractor at a lingual surface of a mouth of the patient such that each of a plurality of bands of the lingual mandibular distractor contacts at least a lingual surface of a tooth of the patient and an occlusal surface of the tooth; andinserting a fastener through each of a plurality of lumens of the lingual mandibular distractor to fasten the lingual mandibular distractor to the lingual surface of the mouth.

27. A system, comprising: a computing system, comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing computer-executable instructions, when executed by the at least one processor causing the computing system to: receive patient data associated with a patient, the patient data comprising at least patient imaging data and patient measurement data; receive fastener position data and design input factors via a user interface; based on at least the patient data, fastener position data, and design input factors, generate a lingual mandibular distractor frame design associated with the patient; and transmit the lingual mandibular distractor frame design to a 3D printer; and the 3D printer communicatively connected to the computing system, the 3D printer being configured to print a lingual mandibular distractor frame based on the lingual mandibular distractor frame design in response to receiving the lingual mandibular distractor frame design from the computing system.

28. The system of claim 27, wherein: the instructions further cause the computing system to: based on at least the patient data, fastener position data, and design input factors, generate a dental model design associated with the patient; and transmit the dental model design to the 3D printer; and the 3D printer is configured to print a dental model based on the dental model design in response to receiving the dental model design from the computing system.

29. A system, comprising: a computing system, comprising: at least one processor; andat least one memory storing computer-executable instructions, when executed by the at least one processor causing the computing system to: receive scan data from a reading device, the scan data associated with a readable information feature of a mandibular distractor; at a decoding application, relate the scan data with the mandibular distractor and a patient associated with the mandibular distractor; and generate a user interface, the user interface comprising data associated with at least one of the mandibular distractor and the patient.

30. The system of claim 29, further comprising instructions to: receive, via the user interface, updated data associated with at least one of the mandibular distractor and the patient.

31. The system of claim 30, further comprising instructions to: receive subsequent scan data, the subsequent scan data associated with the readable information feature of the mandibular distractor; at the decoding application, relate the subsequent scan data with the mandibular distractor and the patient associated with the mandibular distractor; and generate a subsequent user interface, wherein the subsequent user interface comprises at least the updated data.

32. The system of claim 29, wherein the readable information feature comprises a QR code.

33. The system of claim 29, wherein the reading device comprises a scanner, wherein the scanner is selected from among a laser scanner and an optical scanner.

Images