Ammonia dual-fuel ship air conditioning refrigeration system and method, and ship

Abstract

The present application discloses an ammonia dual-fuel ship air conditioning refrigeration system and method, and a ship. The system comprises an air conditioning chilled-water unit system, a liquid ammonia cold energy recovery heat exchanger system, an air conditioning chilled-water expansion tank, and an air conditioner. The air conditioning chilled-water unit system, the liquid ammonia cold energy recovery heat exchanger system, the air conditioning chilled-water expansion tank, and the air conditioner are connected to corresponding valves by means of circulation piping. The air conditioning chilled-water unit system and the liquid ammonia cold energy recovery heat exchanger system are arranged in an ammonia fuel supply equipment room, and the air conditioning chilled-water expansion tank and the air conditioner are arranged inside a wheelhouse. An air conditioning chilled-water circulation pump is provided on the circulation piping in the ammonia fuel supply equipment room. In the present application, the cold energy of the ammonia fuel stored at a low temperature is recovered, solving the problems of difficulties associated with maintenance and replacement of a refrigerant for a ship in the European Union region, conserving the electric energy of the dual-fuel ship, and achieving the effects of energy conservation and emission reduction.

Description

A dual-fuel ammonia marine air conditioning refrigeration system, method, and ship

[0001] Related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202410952111.6, filed on July 16, 2024, and incorporates the disclosure of the aforementioned patent application as part of this application. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates specifically to the field of marine technology, and more specifically to an ammonia dual-fuel marine air conditioning refrigeration system, method, and ship. Background Technology

[0004] Ammonia dual-fuel ships use dual-fuel main engines that burn zero-carbon ammonia to reduce other greenhouse gas emissions from the shipping industry. The air conditioning systems of ammonia dual-fuel ships primarily use refrigerants with a GWP (Global Warming Potential) value greater than 1300 and less than 2000, such as R-134A, R-407C, and R-407F, for direct evaporative cooling.

[0005] Currently, all models of ammonia dual-fuel main engines require the ammonia fuel to be at a temperature of 25℃ to 45℃ before entering the combustion cylinder. Therefore, these low-temperature stored ammonia fuels need to be heated before entering the main engine. The cold energy released during the heating process can be recovered. However, the direct evaporation refrigeration system cannot utilize the cold energy released by the heating of ammonia fuel, resulting in the air conditioning system still needing to convert electrical energy into cold energy, which is not cost-effective for ship operation.

[0006] The EU regulation, REGULATION (EU) No 517 / 2014 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL OF 16 April 2014 on fluorinated greenhouse gases and repealing Regulation (EC) No 842 / 2006, which has already come into effect, restricts the GWP (Gross Potential) value of refrigerants: "Types of refrigerants that can be sold in the EU market: From January 1, 2022, the use of refrigerants with a GWP value greater than 150 is prohibited in the repair and maintenance of refrigeration equipment." This means that from January 1, 2022, refrigerants such as R-134A, R-407C, and R-407F with GWP values ​​greater than 150 will not be available for purchase within the EU. This will create difficulties for ships in repairing and replacing refrigerants within the EU, and may even lead to problems with air conditioning systems failing to cool, thus impacting ship operations.

[0007] Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides an ammonia dual-fuel ship air conditioning refrigeration system, method, and ship. By recovering and utilizing the cooling energy of ammonia fuel stored at low temperatures, it solves the problem of difficulties in ship maintenance and refrigerant replacement in the EU region, and saves the electrical energy of dual-fuel ships, thus playing a role in energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0009] The purpose of this application is achieved through the following technical solution: an ammonia dual-fuel marine air conditioning and refrigeration system, comprising an air conditioning chiller system, a liquid ammonia cooling capacity recovery heat exchanger system, an air conditioning refrigerant water expansion tank, and an air conditioner.

[0010] The air conditioning chiller system, the liquid ammonia cooling capacity recovery heat exchange system, the air conditioning refrigerant water expansion tank, and the air conditioner are connected through circulation pipelines and corresponding valves.

[0011] The air conditioning chiller system and the liquid ammonia cooling capacity recovery heat exchanger system are located in the ammonia fuel supply equipment room, while the air conditioning refrigerant water expansion tank and air conditioner are located inside the driver's cab.

[0012] An air conditioning refrigerant water circulation pump is installed on the circulation pipeline in the ammonia fuel supply equipment room.

[0013] Optionally, the liquid ammonia cooling capacity recovery heat exchange system includes a liquid ammonia cooling capacity recovery heat exchanger and corresponding piping components. The liquid ammonia cooling capacity recovery heat exchanger is connected in parallel to the circulation pipeline after the outlet of the air conditioning refrigerant water circulation pump via a branch. An on / off control valve is installed on the inlet pipeline of the liquid ammonia cooling capacity recovery heat exchanger, and a temperature sensor is installed on the outlet pipeline. An on / off control valve is installed on the circulation pipeline located between the inlet and outlet pipelines of the liquid ammonia cooling capacity recovery heat exchanger.

[0014] Optionally, the liquid ammonia cooling capacity recovery heat exchanger is connected to an external liquid ammonia source through an input pipeline and an output pipeline. Both the input and output pipelines are equipped with on / off control valves, and a temperature sensor is installed before the control valve on the input pipeline.

[0015] Optionally, the air conditioning chiller system includes an air conditioning chiller and corresponding piping components. The air conditioning chiller is connected in parallel to the circulation pipeline after the outlet of the liquid ammonia cooling capacity recovery heat exchange system via a branch. An on / off control valve is installed on the inlet pipeline of the air conditioning chiller, and an on / off control valve is installed on the circulation pipeline located between the inlet and outlet pipelines of the air conditioning chiller.

[0016] Optionally, the air conditioning chiller unit uses a refrigerant with a GWP value of less than 150.

[0017] Optionally, the outlet pipe of the air conditioner is connected to the inlet pipe of the air conditioning refrigerant water circulation pump, and the inlet pipe of the air conditioner is connected to the pipe after the outlet of the air conditioning chiller unit; the air conditioning refrigerant water expansion tank is connected to the inlet pipe of the air conditioning refrigerant water circulation pump.

[0018] Optionally, the air conditioner is installed in an independent air-conditioning ventilation area in the driver's cab, including at least a cabinet-type air conditioner and a central air conditioner.

[0019] Optionally, the air conditioning refrigerant water expansion tank is equipped with a vent pipe extending out of the cab.

[0020] In addition to providing an ammonia dual-fuel ship air conditioning refrigeration system, this application further provides a method for refrigeration using the above-mentioned air conditioning refrigeration system, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0021] Step 1: When starting the refrigeration system, disconnect the air conditioning chiller system from the circulation pipeline and connect the circulation pipeline to the liquid ammonia cooling capacity recovery heat exchange system.

[0022] Step 2: Chilled water circulates in the liquid ammonia cooling capacity recovery heat exchange system, air conditioner, and circulation pipeline for cooling. When the temperature at the outlet of the liquid ammonia cooling capacity recovery heat exchange system exceeds the set threshold, the connection between the circulation pipeline and the liquid ammonia cooling capacity recovery heat exchange system is disconnected, and the air conditioning chiller system is connected to the circulation pipeline. Chilled water then circulates in the air conditioning chiller system, air conditioner, and circulation pipeline for cooling.

[0023] This application further provides an ammonia dual-fuel ship equipped with the aforementioned ammonia dual-fuel ship air conditioning and refrigeration system.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following advantages:

[0025] This application provides an ammonia dual-fuel marine air conditioning and refrigeration system, method, and vessel. By converting the refrigeration system to an indirect chiller unit and installing an ammonia fuel cooling energy recovery device connected to a liquid ammonia cooling energy recovery heat exchange system, the energy consumption of the air conditioning and refrigeration system is saved, and operating costs are reduced. This application uses refrigerant R-1234yf with a GWP of 4. On the one hand, this avoids the problem that ships cannot purchase refrigerants with a GWP exceeding 150 when repairing refrigeration equipment in the EU region, thus preventing the use of the catering refrigeration system; on the other hand, it also avoids the impact of marine refrigerants on the greenhouse effect, indirectly reducing a certain amount of marine carbon emissions, and can be considered a "green refrigerant".

[0026] Due to the flammability of refrigerant R-1234yf with a GWP of 4, safety measures (hazardous gas detection, fixed fire extinguishing systems, and forced ventilation systems) are required. This application addresses this by placing the chiller unit within the ammonia fuel supply system equipment room, allowing it to share the safety measures provided for the ammonia fuel supply equipment. This satisfies the requirement for safety protection measures to prevent fires and other dangerous accidents in the event of a leak, given the flammability of refrigerant R-1234yf. Ultimately, this saves on the cost of the safety measures required for refrigerant R-1234yf, significantly reducing the equipment cost for using ultra-low GWP refrigerants.

[0027] In this application, cold energy recovery can reduce ship operating costs, and the use of "green refrigerants" allows ships to freely change refrigerants in the EU without affecting normal operations.

[0028] This application solves the problem of recovering and utilizing the cold energy of ammonia fuel stored at low temperatures, saving electrical energy for dual-fuel ships and playing a role in energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0029] This application also addresses the issue that the GWP value of the refrigerant used for repairs and replacements on ships within the EU region must be less than 150. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the air conditioning and refrigeration system of an ammonia dual-fuel ship in an embodiment of this application.

[0031] In the diagram, 1 is an air conditioning chiller unit; 2 is an air conditioning refrigerant water circulation pump; 3 is a liquid ammonia cooling capacity recovery heat exchanger; 4 is an air conditioning refrigerant water expansion tank; 5 is a first pneumatic two-way shut-off valve; 6 is a first pneumatic two-way regulating valve; 7 is a second pneumatic two-way shut-off valve; 8 is a first temperature sensor; 9 is a third pneumatic two-way shut-off valve; 10 is a second temperature sensor; 11 is a fourth pneumatic two-way shut-off valve; 12 is a fifth pneumatic two-way shut-off valve; 13 is a sixth pneumatic two-way shut-off valve; 14 is a third temperature sensor; 15 is a cabinet air conditioner; 16 is a first electric three-way regulating valve; 17 is a second electric three-way regulating valve; and 18 is a central air conditioner. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the application and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present application, not the entire structure.

[0033] The technical solution of this application provides an ammonia dual-fuel ship air conditioning and refrigeration system, including an air conditioning chiller system, a liquid ammonia cooling capacity recovery heat exchanger system, an air conditioning refrigerant water expansion tank 4, and an air conditioner.

[0034] The air conditioning chiller system, the liquid ammonia cooling capacity recovery heat exchange system, the air conditioning refrigerant water expansion tank 4, and the air conditioner are connected through circulation pipelines and corresponding valves.

[0035] The air conditioning chiller system and the liquid ammonia cooling capacity recovery heat exchanger system are located in the ammonia fuel supply equipment room, while the air conditioning refrigerant water expansion tank 4 and the air conditioner are located inside the driver's cab.

[0036] An air conditioning refrigerant water circulation pump 2 is installed on the circulation pipeline in the ammonia fuel supply equipment room.

[0037] As shown in Figure 1, in one embodiment of this application, a liquid ammonia cooling capacity recovery heat exchange system is provided. This system includes a liquid ammonia cooling capacity recovery heat exchanger 3 and corresponding piping components. The liquid ammonia cooling capacity recovery heat exchanger 3 is connected in parallel to the circulation pipeline after the outlet of the air conditioning refrigerant water circulation pump 2 via a branch. A first pneumatic two-way shut-off valve 5 is installed on the inlet pipeline of the liquid ammonia cooling capacity recovery heat exchanger 3, and a second temperature sensor 10 is installed on the outlet pipeline. A second pneumatic two-way shut-off valve 7 is installed on the circulation pipeline located between the inlet and outlet pipelines of the liquid ammonia cooling capacity recovery heat exchanger 3. The liquid ammonia cooling capacity recovery heat exchanger 3 is connected to an external liquid ammonia source via an input pipeline and an output pipeline. A fourth pneumatic two-way shut-off valve 11 is installed on the input pipeline, and a first pneumatic two-way regulating valve 6 and a third pneumatic two-way shut-off valve 9 are installed on the output pipeline. A first temperature sensor 8 is also installed before the control valve of the input pipeline.

[0038] As shown in Figure 1, in one embodiment of this application, an air conditioning chiller system is provided, including an air conditioning chiller 1 and corresponding piping components. The air conditioning chiller 1 is connected in parallel via a branch to the circulation pipeline after the outlet of the liquid ammonia cooling capacity recovery heat exchange system. A fifth pneumatic two-way shut-off valve 12 is installed on the inlet pipeline of the air conditioning chiller 1, a sixth pneumatic two-way shut-off valve 13 is installed on the circulation pipeline located between the inlet and outlet pipelines of the air conditioning chiller 1, and a third temperature sensor 14 is installed on the circulation pipeline after the outlet pipeline of the air conditioning chiller 1. In this embodiment, the air conditioning chiller uses a refrigerant with a GWP value of less than 150.

[0039] As shown in Figure 1, in one embodiment of this application, the outlet pipe of the air conditioner is connected to the inlet pipe of the air conditioning refrigerant water circulating pump 2, and the inlet pipe of the air conditioner is connected to the pipe after the outlet of the air conditioning chiller unit 1; the air conditioning refrigerant water expansion tank 4 is connected to the inlet pipe of the air conditioning refrigerant water circulating pump 2. In this embodiment, the air conditioner is installed in the independent air conditioning ventilation area of ​​the driver's cab, including at least a cabinet air conditioner 15 and a central air conditioner 18. A first electric three-way regulating valve 16 and a second electric three-way regulating valve 17 are respectively installed on the outlet pipe of the air conditioner. A vent pipe extending out of the driver's cab is provided on the air conditioning refrigerant water expansion tank 4, which extends to the open area.

[0040] In addition to providing an ammonia dual-fuel ship air conditioning refrigeration system, this application further provides a method for refrigeration using the above-mentioned air conditioning refrigeration system, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0041] Step 1: When starting the refrigeration system, disconnect the air conditioning chiller system from the circulation pipeline and connect the circulation pipeline to the liquid ammonia cooling capacity recovery heat exchange system.

[0042] Step 2: Chilled water circulates in the liquid ammonia cooling capacity recovery heat exchange system, air conditioner, and circulation pipeline for cooling. When the temperature at the outlet of the liquid ammonia cooling capacity recovery heat exchange system exceeds the set threshold, the connection between the circulation pipeline and the liquid ammonia cooling capacity recovery heat exchange system is disconnected, and the air conditioning chiller system is connected to the circulation pipeline. Chilled water then circulates in the air conditioning chiller system, air conditioner, and circulation pipeline for cooling.

[0043] In one embodiment of this application, the air conditioning refrigeration system for ammonia dual-fuel ships is as shown in Figure 1, and the specific method for refrigeration using the above system is as follows:

[0044] When the system starts up: open the first pneumatic two-way shut-off valve 5 and the sixth pneumatic two-way shut-off valve 13; close the second pneumatic two-way shut-off valve and the fifth pneumatic two-way shut-off valve 12; shut down the air conditioning chiller unit 1, start the air conditioning refrigerant water circulation pump 2, and then open the third pneumatic two-way shut-off valve and the fourth pneumatic two-way shut-off valve 11.

[0045] In this embodiment, the system operation process is as follows: Air conditioning refrigerant water circulation: After heat exchange in the central air conditioner 18 and the cabinet air conditioner 15 in the driver's cab and other locations, the air conditioning refrigerant water is pumped back to the ammonia fuel supply system equipment room by the air conditioning refrigerant water circulation pump 2. The pumped-back air conditioning refrigerant water is pressurized by the air conditioning refrigerant water circulation pump 2, passes through the first pneumatic two-way shut-off valve 5, and enters the liquid ammonia cold energy recovery heat exchanger 3 to exchange heat with liquid ammonia and cool down. After cooling, the air conditioning refrigerant water passes through the second temperature sensor 10 and enters the air conditioning refrigerant water circulation pipeline. Subsequently, the air conditioning refrigerant water continues to flow in the main pipeline through the sixth pneumatic two-way shut-off valve 13 and the third temperature sensor 14, and exchanges heat with the air conditioning air in the central air conditioner 18, the cabinet air conditioner 15 in the driver's cab and other locations. It then merges with the air conditioning refrigerant water main pipeline back to the ammonia fuel supply system equipment room through the first electric three-way regulating valve 16 and the second electric three-way regulating valve 17 respectively. Furthermore, before the air conditioning refrigerant water is pumped back to the ammonia fuel supply system equipment room by the air conditioning refrigerant water circulation pump 2, when it flows through the interface of the air conditioning refrigerant water expansion tank 4, the gas (if any) in the air conditioning refrigerant water is released into the expansion tank and then discharged into the atmosphere.

[0046] in:

[0047] i) The first pneumatic two-way regulating valve 6 adjusts the flow rate of liquid ammonia in the liquid ammonia cooling capacity recovery heat exchanger 3 by means of the signal fed back by the second temperature sensor 10, so as to control the temperature of the air conditioning chilled water after passing through the liquid ammonia cooling capacity recovery heat exchanger 3 to stabilize at the design temperature of 6℃.

[0048] ii) When the temperature measured by the second temperature sensor 10 is higher than 6°C, the fifth pneumatic two-way shut-off valve 12 is opened and the sixth pneumatic two-way shut-off valve 13 is closed. The air conditioning chiller unit 1 starts and adjusts the cooling capacity of the air conditioning chiller unit through the feedback signal of the third temperature sensor 14 to cool the air conditioning refrigerant water to 6°C and maintain it at this temperature.

[0049] iii) When the temperature measured by the first temperature sensor 8 is higher than -5℃, the third pneumatic two-way shut-off valve 9 and the fourth pneumatic two-way shut-off valve 11 are closed. Then the second pneumatic two-way shut-off valve and the fifth pneumatic two-way shut-off valve 12 are opened, the first pneumatic two-way shut-off valve 5 and the sixth pneumatic two-way shut-off valve 13 are closed, the air conditioning chiller unit 1 is started, and the cooling capacity of the air conditioning chiller unit is adjusted through the feedback signal of the third temperature sensor 14 to cool the air conditioning refrigerant water in the main pipeline to 6℃ and maintain this temperature.

[0050] In this embodiment, the air conditioning chilled water preferentially recovers cooling capacity from liquid ammonia (temperature approximately -33°C) through a liquid ammonia cooling capacity recovery heat exchanger; when the cooling capacity recovered from liquid ammonia (temperature approximately -33°C) is insufficient, the air conditioning chiller unit is restarted to supplement the cooling capacity of the air conditioning chilled water.

[0051] in:

[0052] (1) Air conditioning chilled water (15% ethylene glycol solution as chilled water) temperature: supply water temperature is 6℃, return water temperature is 12℃, and the air conditioning chilled water system maintains a constant supply water temperature of 6℃.

[0053] (2) Air conditioning chiller unit 1 uses refrigerant R-1234yf for cooling and fresh water for condensation.

[0054] (3) The central air conditioner 18 uses cabin steam or cabin hot water for heating.

[0055] (4) In order to meet the EU's sales restriction requirement that the refrigerant GWP value not exceed 150, the air conditioning chiller unit uses refrigerant R-1234yf (GWP value of 4; flammable). In order to avoid dangerous accidents such as fires in the event of leakage of flammable refrigerant R-1234yf, the chiller unit containing the refrigerant is located in the ammonia fuel supply system equipment room and shares the same safety protection measures with the ammonia fuel supply equipment.

[0056] This application addresses the problem of recovering and utilizing the cold energy of ammonia fuel stored at low temperatures, saving electrical energy in dual-fuel vessels and achieving energy conservation and emission reduction. This application also addresses the issue that the GWP value of the refrigerant used for maintenance and replacement of vessels within the EU must be less than 150.

[0057] The technical solution of this application further provides an ammonia dual-fuel ship equipped with the aforementioned ammonia dual-fuel ship air conditioning and refrigeration system.

[0058] The above are preferred embodiments of this application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of this application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An ammonia dual-fuel marine air conditioning and refrigeration system, characterized by: The system comprises an air conditioning water chiller system, a liquid ammonia cold energy recovery heat exchanger system, an air conditioner refrigerant water expansion tank (4) and an air conditioner. The air conditioning water chiller system, the liquid ammonia cold energy recovery heat exchanger system, the air conditioner refrigerant water expansion tank (4) and the air conditioner are connected through a circulating pipeline and corresponding valves. The air conditioning water chiller system and the liquid ammonia cold energy recovery heat exchanger system are arranged in an ammonia fuel supply room, and the air conditioner refrigerant water expansion tank (4) and the air conditioner are arranged in a cab. An air conditioner refrigerant water circulating pump (2) is arranged on the circulating pipeline in the ammonia fuel supply room.

2. An ammonia dual-fuel marine air conditioning and refrigeration system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid ammonia cold energy recovery heat exchanger system comprises a liquid ammonia cold energy recovery heat exchanger (3) and corresponding pipeline components.

3. An ammonia dual-fuel marine air conditioning and refrigeration system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The liquid ammonia cold energy recovery heat exchanger (3) is connected in parallel through a branch to the circulating pipeline after the outlet of the air conditioner refrigerant water circulating pump (2).

4. An ammonia dual-fuel marine air conditioning and refrigeration system as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: An on-off control valve is arranged on the inlet pipeline of the liquid ammonia cold energy recovery heat exchanger (3), and a temperature sensor is arranged on the outlet pipeline.

5. An ammonia-diesel dual-fuel marine air conditioning and refrigeration system as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: An on-off control valve is arranged on the inlet pipeline of the liquid ammonia cold energy recovery heat exchanger (3), and a temperature sensor is arranged on the outlet pipeline.

6. An ammonia dual-fuel marine air conditioning and refrigeration system as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The air conditioning water chiller system comprises an air conditioning water chiller (1) and corresponding pipeline components.

7. An ammonia dual-fuel marine air conditioning and refrigeration system as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The air conditioning water chiller (1) is connected in parallel through a branch to the circulating pipeline after the outlet of the liquid ammonia cold energy recovery heat exchanger system.

8. An ammonia dual-fuel marine air conditioning and refrigeration system as claimed in claim 7, characterized by: An on-off control valve is arranged on the inlet pipeline of the air conditioning water chiller (1), and an on-off control valve is arranged on the circulating pipeline between the inlet pipeline and the outlet pipeline of the air conditioning water chiller (1).

9. An ammonia dual-fuel marine air conditioning refrigeration method, characterized by: The air conditioning water chiller adopts a refrigerant with a GWP value less than 150. The outlet pipeline of the air conditioner is communicated with the inlet pipeline of the air conditioner refrigerant water circulating pump (2), and the inlet pipeline of the air conditioner is communicated with the pipeline after the outlet of the air conditioning water chiller (1). The air conditioner is arranged in a separate air conditioning ventilation space in the cab, and at least comprises a cabinet air conditioner (15) and a central air conditioner (18). An air permeable pipe extending out of the cab is arranged on the air conditioner refrigerant water expansion tank (4). The air conditioning refrigeration system is used for refrigeration, and the specific steps are as follows: Step 1: when the refrigeration system is started, disconnect the air conditioning water chiller system from the circulating pipeline, and connect the circulating pipeline with the liquid ammonia cold energy recovery heat exchanger system. Step 2, the refrigerant water circulates in the liquid ammonia cold energy recovery heat exchange system, the air conditioner and the circulating pipeline to carry out refrigeration; when the temperature at the water outlet of the liquid ammonia cold energy recovery heat exchange system is greater than a set threshold, the connection between the circulating water pipeline and the liquid ammonia cold energy recovery heat exchange system is disconnected, the air conditioning cold water chiller system is connected with the circulating pipeline, and the refrigerant water circulates in the air conditioning cold water chiller system, the air conditioner and the circulating pipeline to carry out refrigeration.

10. An ammonia dual-fuelled ship, characterized by: The ammonia dual-fuel ship is provided with the air conditioning refrigeration system according to any one of claims 1-8.

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