Single-mode fiber coupling apparatus and method in laser confocal optical path

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of single-mode fiber coupling and laser confocal imaging, and particularly relates to a single-mode fiber coupling apparatus and method in a laser confocal optical path. The apparatus comprises a coupling assembly and a bracket set. The coupling assembly comprises a laser, wherein an output end of the laser is connected to one end of a single-mode fiber I, and the other end of the single-mode fiber I is connected to an input end of a collimator; an output end of the collimator refracts light to a coupler through a dichroic mirror for coupling, and the coupler is mounted at a refraction end of the dichroic mirror; a CCD camera is mounted at a transmission end of the dichroic mirror for monitoring; and an output end of the coupler is connected to one end of a single-mode fiber II, and the other end of the single-mode fiber II is connected to an optical power meter. The bracket set comprises a collimator bracket, a dichroic mirror bracket and a coupler bracket, which respectively clamp the collimator, the dichroic mirror and the coupler. The present invention utilizes a real-time imaging function of a CCD camera to realize the accurate alignment of laser beams, thereby improving the coupling efficiency of single-mode fibers.

Description

A single-mode fiber coupling device and method in a laser confocal optical path Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of single-mode fiber coupling and laser confocal imaging technology, specifically a single-mode fiber coupling device and method in a laser confocal optical path. Background Technology

[0002] An optical fiber coupler is a connecting component for optical fiber active connectors, used to split or combine optical signals, or to extend optical fiber links. It belongs to the field of passive optical components and is used in telecommunications networks, cable television networks, subscriber loop systems, and local area networks. In modern optics and laser applications, efficient coupling of single-mode optical fibers is a key technical challenge. For example, a single-mode optical fiber coupler proposed in patent application number 202322013533.0 includes an optical fiber coupler body, which includes a support base and a fixed base. The support base and fixed base cooperate with each other, and a limit frame is movably mounted on both the support base and fixed base. A fixed sleeve is fixedly mounted at one end of the support base and fixed base, and an optical fiber is fixedly mounted inside the fixed sleeve. Both the support base and fixed base have locking holes, and a groove is formed on the inner wall of the limit frame, inside which a support mechanism is fixed. The purpose of this technical solution is to improve the efficiency of single-mode fiber coupling by aligning the two fibers as much as possible. Although the device improves the stability of single-mode fiber coupling to a certain extent, it does not optimize or monitor the coupling efficiency of single-mode fiber, and cannot effectively monitor and correct the position of spatial light in the optical path. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical solution of this invention to solve the technical problem is as follows:

[0004] On one hand, this technical solution proposes a single-mode fiber coupling device in a laser confocal optical path, including a coupling component and a support assembly. The coupling component includes a laser; the laser output is connected to one end of a single-mode fiber, and the other end of the single-mode fiber is connected to the collimator input; the collimator output refracts light into the coupler through a dichroic mirror for coupling, and the coupler is installed at the refraction end of the dichroic mirror; a CCD camera is installed at the transmission end of the dichroic mirror for monitoring; the coupler output is connected to one end of a second single-mode fiber, and the other end of the second single-mode fiber is connected to an optical power meter. The support assembly includes a collimator support, a dichroic mirror support, and a coupler support, which respectively hold the collimator, the dichroic mirror, and the coupler.

[0005] Preferably, the dichroic mirror support includes a base, a limiting seat installed at the top center of the base, a sliding arc groove on the top of the limiting seat, the sliding arc groove being semi-circular, the two ends of the sliding arc groove forming an angle of 45 degrees with the base, and limiting grooves opening towards the center at both ends of the sliding arc groove; a support is rotatably connected to the top center of the limiting seat, a set of clamping plates is connected perpendicularly to one side of the support, and a guide head is rotatably connected between the two clamping plates, the guide head being able to slide within the sliding arc groove; several clamping grooves are longitudinally opened on the top of the support, which can be used to install clamping plates to clamp the dichroic mirror.

[0006] Preferably, the bottom of the guide head is provided with a counterweight block, which can be locked into the limiting groove by gravity after sliding to the end of the sliding arc groove.

[0007] Preferably, the collimator bracket, dichroic mirror bracket, and coupler bracket are all equipped with adjustment components at their bottoms, which can adjust the positions of the collimator, dichroic mirror, and coupler.

[0008] Preferably, the adjustment assembly includes an X fine-tuning block, a Y fine-tuning block, an X coarse-tuning block, and a Y coarse-tuning block; the top of the X fine-tuning block is slidably connected to the Y fine-tuning block along the X-axis, the top of the Y fine-tuning block is slidably connected to the X coarse-tuning block along the Y-axis, and the top of the X coarse-tuning block is slidably connected to the Y coarse-tuning block along the X-axis; the top of the Y coarse-tuning block is connected to a corresponding bracket; a first mating groove is formed at the middle of the top of the X fine-tuning block along the X-axis, and first guide grooves are formed on both sides of the first mating groove parallel to the first mating groove; two first guide plates are correspondingly provided at the bottom of the Y fine-tuning block, allowing the Y fine-tuning block to slide along the X-direction on the X fine-tuning block; an X transmission rack is provided at the bottom of the Y fine-tuning block corresponding to the first mating groove; an X transmission gear is provided at the bottom of the X transmission rack that meshes with the X transmission rack; the X transmission gear is connected to the X transmission shaft; the X transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the X fine-tuning block; one end of the X transmission shaft is connected to a fine-tuning knob assembly; Y A second mating groove is formed at the center of the top of the fine-tuning block along the Y-axis. Second guide grooves are formed on both sides of the second mating groove, parallel to it. Two second guide plates are correspondingly provided at the bottom of the X coarse-tuning block, allowing it to slide along the Y-axis on the Y fine-tuning block. A Y-drive rack is connected to the bottom of the X coarse-tuning block at the position corresponding to the second mating groove. A Y-drive gear, which mates with the Y-drive rack, is located at the bottom of the Y-drive rack. The Y-drive gear is connected to the Y-drive shaft, which is rotatably connected to the Y fine-tuning block. One end of the Y-drive shaft is connected to a fine-tuning knob assembly. Several first positioning holes are formed on opposite sides of the top of the X coarse-tuning block along the X-axis. When the Y coarse-tuning block slides to the designated position, it is fixed to the top of the X coarse-tuning block using first positioning bolts. A second positioning hole is formed on the top of the Y coarse-tuning block along the Y-axis, and each bracket is fixed to the top of the Y coarse-tuning block using second positioning bolts.

[0009] Preferably, the fine-tuning knob assembly includes a fine-tuning knob, the bottom of which is connected to a clamping plate. Clamping arms are provided on both sides of the clamping plate. The clamping arms are rotatably connected to the side wall of the fine-tuning block. A sleeve and a threaded through hole are respectively connected to the inner side of one end of each clamping arm. The other side of the two clamping arms can clamp the clamping plate. The clamping arm with the threaded hole is threadedly connected to a tightening threaded rod. One end of the tightening threaded rod is inserted into the sleeve to tighten the other clamping arm. The other end of the tightening threaded rod is connected to a tightening knob. A self-locking nut is installed on the outer side of the clamping arm with the threaded through hole on the tightening threaded rod.

[0010] Preferably, the adjustment assembly is mounted on the optical base plate via a retractable extension rod.

[0011] Preferably, the optical base plate is made of high-density material.

[0012] Preferably, the optical base plate is marked with graduation lines.

[0013] On the other hand, this technical solution also proposes a fiber coupling method for a single-mode fiber coupling device in a laser confocal optical path, including the following steps:

[0014] S1. Installation: After installing each device in the designated position, adjust the components, coarsely adjust the collimator, dichroic mirror and coupler, determine the position of each component and then fix them, ensuring that the dichroic mirror is at a 45-degree angle to the bracket and that the laser can be reflected from the collimator to the coupler;

[0015] S2. Continuous fine-tuning: After the collimator, dichroic mirror, coupler and support assembly are completely fixed, fine-tuning is continued by adjusting the components to ensure that the laser beam enters the single-mode fiber completely;

[0016] S3. Real-time monitoring: The single-mode fiber coupling status is monitored in real time via a CCD camera to observe changes in the light spot; when the light spot completely disappears, the display screen shows pure black;

[0017] S4. Confirm coupling status: After the display screen turns black, adjust the laser output power and check whether the black display can be maintained at different power levels;

[0018] S5. Record parameters: Record the current position parameters of the support and the output parameters of the laser;

[0019] S6. Fixing device: Fixes the position of the single-mode fiber, and at the same time rotates the top tightening screw rod to clamp the clamping plate and fix the position of the adjustment component;

[0020] S7. Optical Power Meter Measurement: Measure the coupled optical power using an optical power meter to calculate the coupling effect;

[0021] S8. System check: Check the connections of each part of the system to ensure that the collimator, dichroic mirror, coupler, extension rod, support assembly, adjustment assembly and optical base plate are securely connected;

[0022] S9. Subsequent operations: After coupling is completed, perform other experiments and application operations.

[0023] Compared with existing technologies, the above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. High-efficiency alignment: Utilizing the real-time imaging function of the CCD camera, precise alignment of the laser beam is achieved, improving the coupling efficiency of single-mode fiber.

[0025] 2. Simplicity: CCD camera imaging allows for a direct view of the fiber optic coupling efficiency, reducing reliance on operator experience and simplifying the coupling process for faster operation.

[0026] 3. High stability: By adjusting the components and support groups, precise docking and stable transmission of each part can be achieved, ensuring the repeatability and stability of each coupling process. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the adjustment assembly installed at the bottom of the collimator support according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 is an enlarged view of the fine-tuning knob group at point C in Figure 2.

[0031] Figure 4 is a side view of the adjustment component of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 is an enlarged view of point A in Figure 4.

[0033] Figure 6 is a front view of the adjustment component of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 7 is an enlarged view of point B in Figure 6.

[0035] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the adjustment component installed at the bottom of the dichroic mirror support according to the present invention.

[0036] Figure 9 is a top view of the adjustment assembly of the present invention installed at the bottom of the dichroic mirror bracket.

[0037] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the adjustment assembly installed at the bottom of the coupler bracket according to the present invention.

[0038] Figure 11 is a structural schematic diagram of the dichroic mirror support in the limiting state of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 12 is a top view of the dichroic mirror support of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the dichroic mirror support of the present invention in rotation.

[0041] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0042] 1. Optical base plate; 2. Laser; 3. Collimator; 4. Collimator bracket; 5. Dichroic mirror bracket; including: 51. Base; 52. Limiting seat; 53. Limiting groove; 54. Sliding arc groove; 55. Support; 56. Clamping plate; 57. Clamping plate; 58. Guide head; 59. Counterweight; 510. Clamping groove; 6. CCD camera; 7. Connecting rod; 8. Dichroic mirror; 9. Coupler; 10. Coupler bracket; 11. Single-mode fiber optic cable one; 12. Optical power meter; 13. Single-mode fiber optic cable two; 14. Adjustment assembly; including: 141. X-adjusting block; 143. First guide groove; 144. First mating groove; 146. First guide plate; 147. Y-adjusting block ; 148, X coarse adjustment block; 149, first positioning hole; 1410, Y coarse adjustment block; 1411, first positioning bolt; 1413, second positioning hole; 1414, second positioning bolt; 1415, second guide groove; 1416, second mating groove; 1417, second guide plate; 1418, X drive shaft; 1419, X drive gear; 1420, X drive rack; 1421, Y drive shaft; 1422, Y drive gear; 1423, Y drive rack; The fine adjustment knob group includes: 151, fine adjustment knob; 152, clamping plate; 153, clamping arm; 154, tightening knob; 155, self-locking nut; 156, tightening threaded rod; 157, sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, the invention will be described in detail below through specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different structures of the invention. To simplify the disclosure of the invention, components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples. This repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed. It should be noted that the components illustrated in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. Descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques and processes are omitted to avoid unnecessarily limiting the invention. Terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0044] As shown in Figure 1, this embodiment provides a single-mode fiber coupling device in a laser confocal optical path. Before starting fiber coupling, the entire device must be inspected. The following is a detailed description of each component and its role in the system:

[0045] Laser 2 serves as the light source of this system, emitting a high-quality laser beam. The beam from laser 2 has good coherence and monochromaticity, making it suitable for high-precision fiber coupling. Laser 2 is connected to one end of a single-mode fiber to ensure that the beam enters the fiber for propagation.

[0046] Single-mode fiber 11 and single-mode fiber 23 are used to transmit laser beams. Single-mode fiber has a very small core diameter, which can limit the propagation of light in the fiber core, thereby maintaining the quality of the beam.

[0047] Collimator 3 is installed at the output end of single-mode fiber 11 and fixed by collimator bracket 4. It is used to collimate the diverging beam from the single-mode fiber into a parallel beam. Collimator 3 ensures that the beam entering coupler 9 has a high degree of parallelism, thereby improving coupling efficiency. The focal length and aperture of collimator 3 should be matched with the characteristics of single-mode fiber and coupler 9.

[0048] Dichroic mirror 8 is installed inside dichroic mirror bracket 5 at a 45-degree angle, so that the refraction angle and reflection angle of the optical fiber through the mirror are both 45 degrees. The function of dichroic mirror 8 is to reflect the collimated beam to coupler 9, while allowing CCD camera 6 to observe the coupling of single-mode optical fiber. Dichroic mirror 8 can separate and merge the laser optical path and the observation optical path to ensure the functional integration of the system.

[0049] Coupler 9 is mounted on coupler bracket 10 and is used to couple the reflected laser beam to achieve coupling between the laser and the single-mode fiber. The design and adjustment of coupler 9 determine the coupling efficiency and beam quality. Its internal structure needs to be precisely adjusted to ensure that the beam enters the single-mode fiber perfectly.

[0050] Optical power meter 12 is connected to coupler 9 via single-mode fiber 13 and is used to measure the coupled optical power. By measuring changes in beam power, optical power meter 12 helps operators determine coupling efficiency. By monitoring the readings of optical power meter 12 in real time, coupler 9 and other optical components can be adjusted promptly to ensure that coupling efficiency reaches its maximum value.

[0051] CCD camera 6 is installed at the transmission end of dichroic mirror 8 to monitor the single-mode fiber coupling status in real time. By observing the image in CCD camera 6, the operator can adjust various parts of coupler 9 in real time to achieve the best single-mode fiber coupling effect. CCD camera 6 provides high-resolution images, which helps with precise alignment and adjustment.

[0052] The support assembly includes a collimator support 4, a dichroic mirror support 5, and a coupler support 10, used to support optical components. Each support has an adjustment component 14 connected to its bottom. Each adjustment component provides precise adjustment functions in both the X and Y directions, achieving micron-level displacement control through precision fine-tuning parts. The installation of the support assembly and adjustment components must ensure the stability and repeatability of the adjustment process.

[0053] As shown in Figures 11-13, the dichroic mirror support 5 includes a base 51, a limiting seat 52 installed at the top center of the base 51, a sliding arc groove 54 on the top of the limiting seat 52, the sliding arc groove 54 being a semicircle, the angle between the two ends of the sliding arc groove 54 and the base 51 being 45 degrees, and limiting grooves 53 opening towards the center at both ends of the sliding arc groove 54; a support 55 is rotatably connected to the top center of the limiting seat 52, a set of clamping plates 57 is connected perpendicularly to one side of the support 55, and a guide head 58 is rotatably connected between the two clamping plates 57, the guide head 58 being able to slide within the sliding arc groove 54; several clamping grooves 510 are opened on the top of the support 55, which can be used to install clamping plates 56 to clamp the dichroic mirror 8; a counterweight block 59 is provided at the bottom of the guide head 58, which can be inserted into the limiting groove 53 by gravity after sliding to the end of the sliding arc groove 54.

[0054] How to use the dichroic mirror bracket: After installing the dichroic mirror bracket on the top of the adjustment component, if the bracket 55 is rotated clockwise until the guide head automatically locks into the limiting groove due to the weight of the counterweight, it indicates that the dichroic mirror is at a positive 45-degree angle to the laser input end. If a reverse 45-degree angle is required, manually move the guide head into the sliding arc groove 54 and rotate it counterclockwise until the guide head locks into the limiting groove due to gravity. The dichroic mirror bracket 5 can ensure that the angle of the dichroic mirror is 45 degrees, and at the same time, it can adjust the dichroic mirror to reflect laser in two opposite directions.

[0055] As shown in Figures 2-10, the adjustment assembly includes an X fine-tuning block 141, a Y fine-tuning block 147, an X coarse-tuning block 148, and a Y coarse-tuning block 1410; the top of the X fine-tuning block 141 is slidably connected to the Y fine-tuning block 147, the top of the Y fine-tuning block 147 is slidably connected to the X coarse-tuning block 148, the top of the X coarse-tuning block 148 is slidably connected to the Y coarse-tuning block 1410, and the top of the Y coarse-tuning block 1410 is connected to the corresponding bracket.

[0056] The top center of the X-adjustment block 141 has a first mating groove 144 along the X-axis, and first guide grooves 143 are respectively formed on both sides of the first mating groove 144 parallel to the first mating groove 144. The bottom of the Y-adjustment block 147 has two corresponding first guide plates 146, allowing the Y-adjustment block 147 to slide along the X-axis on the X-adjustment block 141. The bottom of the Y-adjustment block 147 is connected to an X-drive rack 1420 corresponding to the first mating groove 144. The bottom of the X-drive rack 1420 has an X-drive gear 1419 that mates with the X-drive rack 1420. The X-drive gear 1419 is connected to an X-drive shaft 1418, which is rotatably connected to the X-adjustment block 141. One end of the X-drive shaft 1418 is connected to an adjustment knob assembly. A second mating groove 1416 is opened at the top center of 147 along the Y-axis direction, and second guide grooves 1415 are opened on both sides of the second mating groove 1416 parallel to the second mating groove 1416; two second guide plates 1417 are provided at the bottom of the X coarse adjustment block 148, so that the X coarse adjustment block 148 can slide along the Y direction on the Y fine adjustment block 147; the bottom of the X coarse adjustment block 148 is connected to the Y transmission rack 1423 at the position corresponding to the second mating groove 1416, and the bottom of the Y transmission rack 1423 is provided with a Y transmission gear 1422 that mates with the Y transmission rack 1423. The Y transmission gear 1422 is connected to the Y transmission shaft 1421, and the Y transmission shaft 1421 is rotatably connected to the Y fine adjustment block 147. One end of the Y transmission shaft 1421 is connected to the fine adjustment knob group.

[0057] The fine-tuning knob assembly includes a fine-tuning knob 151. The bottom of the fine-tuning knob 151 is connected to a clamping plate 152. Clamping arms 153 are provided on both sides of the clamping plate 152. The clamping arms 153 are rotatably connected to the side wall of the fine-tuning block. A sleeve 157 and a threaded through hole are respectively connected to the inner side of one end of the two clamping arms 153. The other side of the two clamping arms can clamp the clamping plate 152. The clamping arm 153 with the threaded hole is threadedly connected to a tightening threaded rod 156. One end of the tightening threaded rod 156 is inserted into the sleeve 157 to tighten the other clamping arm 153. The other end of the tightening threaded rod 156 is connected to a tightening knob 154. A self-locking nut 155 is installed on the outer side of the clamping arm 153 with the threaded through hole on the tightening threaded rod 156.

[0058] The top of the X coarse adjustment block 148 has several first positioning holes 149 on opposite sides along the X-axis. When the Y coarse adjustment block 1410 slides to the designated position, the Y coarse adjustment block 1410 is fixed to the top of the X coarse adjustment block 148 by the first positioning bolt 1411. The top of the Y coarse adjustment block 1410 has a second positioning hole 1413 along the Y-axis. Each bracket is fixed to the top of the Y coarse adjustment block 1410 by the second positioning bolt 1414.

[0059] Adjust the way you use the component:

[0060] 1. First, install the adjustment components on the connecting rods respectively, adjust the height to be on the same horizontal line, roughly estimate the approximate relative position of each component in the Y direction, and then fix the corresponding brackets on the top with the second positioning bolt 1414;

[0061] 2. After the bracket is installed, move the position of the Y coarse adjustment block 1410. After moving it to the approximate position, use the first positioning bolt 1411 to fix the Y coarse adjustment block 1410 onto the X coarse adjustment block 148.

[0062] 3. Rotate the two fine-tuning knobs to fine-tune the position of the bracket in the X and Y directions respectively, so as to achieve the positional accuracy required for coupling. After determining the position, rotate the tightening screw rod 156 in the forward direction to make the clamping arm 153 continuously clamp the clamping plate 152. Finally, tighten the self-locking nut to achieve the limit of the adjustment component. If further adjustment is needed, rotate the tightening knob 154 on the tightening screw rod 1561 in the reverse direction.

[0063] Connecting rod 7 is used to connect the support assembly to the optical base plate 1, providing stable mechanical support. Connecting rod 7 is typically made of high-strength materials to ensure the stability and seismic resistance of the overall structure; the connecting rod can move up and down, providing vertical positioning.

[0064] The optical stage 1 supports the entire system, ensuring the stability and alignment accuracy of each component. The stage typically has shock absorption capabilities to reduce the impact of external vibrations on the coupling process. Precise graduations are marked on the stage to facilitate component installation and alignment.

[0065] This device exhibits two coupling states during coupling: complete coupling and incomplete coupling. In the complete coupling state, the laser beam fully enters the core of the single-mode fiber, achieving optimal coupling. No light spot appears in the CCD camera 6, and the display screen shows black. In the incomplete coupling state, the laser beam has not fully entered the core of the single-mode fiber, resulting in partial beam scattering or reflection. Some beams are reflected back to the dichroic mirror 8 and projected onto the lens of the CCD camera 6, forming a light spot. By activating the laser 2, collimating the beam, initially aligning it with the single-mode fiber, observing the light spot, and fine-tuning the single-mode fiber's position, the position of the light spot displayed on the CCD camera 6 is precisely adjusted. Ultimately, the light spot is reduced and brought as close to the center of the display screen as possible, but a light spot still exists, indicating that the single-mode fiber is not yet fully coupled.

[0066] The following are the detailed implementation steps:

[0067] S1. Installation: After installing each device in the designated position, adjust the coarse collimator 3, dichroic mirror 8 and coupler 9 of component 14 to determine the approximate position of each component and then fix it.

[0068] S2. Continuous fine-tuning: After the light spot is close to the minimum, continue to make fine-tuning; continue to make fine-tuning by adjusting component 14 so that the laser beam completely enters the single-mode fiber and the core part of the single-mode fiber.

[0069] S3. Real-time monitoring: The single-mode fiber coupling status is monitored in real time by CCD camera 6 to observe the changes in the light spot; when the light spot disappears completely, the display screen should show pure black.

[0070] S4. Confirm coupling status: After the display screen turns black, repeatedly confirm to ensure that the single-mode fiber coupling status is stable; adjust the output power of laser 2 appropriately to check whether the black display can be maintained at different power levels.

[0071] S5. Record parameters: Record the current position parameters of the support and the output parameters of laser 2 for reference in subsequent operations. This helps to improve the efficiency and accuracy of repeated experiments.

[0072] S6. Fixing device: After confirming that the coupling state is stable, fix the position of the single-mode fiber, and at the same time rotate the tightening knob 154 on the tightening screw 156 to clamp the clamping plate 152 to prevent the fine adjustment knob group from moving; ensure that the single-mode fiber and each component will not move during operation to maintain the coupling effect.

[0073] S7. Optical power meter 12 measurement: The optical power after coupling is measured by optical power meter 12 to verify the coupling effect; by fine-tuning the precision knob on the bracket assembly, the reading of optical power meter 12 is ensured to be stable and within the expected range to confirm the integrity of the coupling.

[0074] S8. System Inspection: Conduct a comprehensive inspection of the connections and stability of all parts of the system; ensure the secure connection of components such as collimator 3, dichroic mirror 8, coupler 9, adjustment assembly 14, connecting rod 7, and optical base plate 1, and avoid coupling failure due to vibration or operation.

[0075] S9. Subsequent Operations: After coupling is completed, subsequent experiments or applications can be performed; depending on the experimental requirements, the output power, wavelength and other parameters of laser 2 can be adjusted to conduct single-mode fiber transmission experiments under different conditions.

[0076] This real-time monitoring and correction effectively reduces optical path losses and improves the accuracy of the coupling process. This invention significantly improves the coupling efficiency of single-mode fiber in laser confocal systems and reduces optical loss caused by optical path deviations. With the assistance of a CCD camera, the system can maintain high stability, speed, and precision in single-mode fiber coupling under various operating conditions, increasing the coupling efficiency of single-mode fiber to 88%, thereby improving the overall system performance and reliability.

[0077] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single mode fiber coupling device in a laser confocal optical path, characterized by: The coupling assembly and the support group are included; The coupling assembly includes a laser (2), the output end of the laser (2) is connected with one end of a single-mode optical fiber (11), the other end of the single-mode optical fiber (11) is connected with the input end of a collimator (3), the output end of the collimator (3) is refracted to a coupler (9) through a dichroic mirror (8) for coupling, the coupler (9) is installed at the refractive end of the dichroic mirror (8), the transmission end of the dichroic mirror (8) is installed with a CCD camera (6) for monitoring, the output end of the coupler (9) is connected with one end of a single-mode optical fiber (13), the other end of the single-mode optical fiber (13) is connected with a light power meter (12); The support group includes a collimator support (4), a dichroic mirror support (5) and a coupler support (10), which respectively clamp the collimator (3), the dichroic mirror (8) and the coupler (9).

2. The single-mode fiber coupling device in a laser confocal optical path according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dichroic mirror support (5) includes a base (51), a limiting seat (52) is installed at the top middle position of the base (51), a sliding arc groove (54) is arranged at the top of the limiting seat (52), the sliding arc groove (54) is a semicircle, the angle between the two ends of the sliding arc groove (54) and the base (51) is forty-five degrees, and a limiting groove (53) is opened at the center of the two ends of the sliding arc groove (54); a support (55) is rotationally connected at the center position of the top of the limiting seat (52), a group of clamping plates (57) are connected perpendicularly to the support (55) on one side of the support (55), a guide head (58) is rotationally connected between the two clamping plates (57), and the guide head (58) can slide in the sliding arc groove (54); a plurality of clamping grooves (510) are longitudinally opened at the top of the support (55), and the clamping plates (56) can be installed to clamp the dichroic mirror (8).

3. The single mode fiber coupling device in a laser confocal optical path according to claim 2, wherein: The guide head (58) is provided with a counterweight (59) at the bottom, which can be slid to the end point of the sliding arc groove (54) and then clamped into the limiting groove (53) through gravity.

4. The single mode fiber coupling device in a laser confocal optical path according to claim 1, wherein: The collimator support (4), the dichroic mirror support (5) and the coupler support (10) are all provided with an adjusting assembly (14) at the bottom, which can adjust the positions of the collimator (3), the dichroic mirror (8) and the coupler (9).

5. The single mode fiber coupling device in a laser confocal optical path according to claim 4, wherein: The adjusting assembly (14) includes an X fine adjustment block (141), a Y fine adjustment block (147), an X coarse adjustment block (148) and a Y coarse adjustment block (1410); the X fine adjustment block (141) is slidably connected with the Y fine adjustment block (147) at the top along the X axis, the Y fine adjustment block (147) is slidably connected with the X coarse adjustment block (148) at the top along the Y axis, the X coarse adjustment block (148) is slidably connected with the Y coarse adjustment block (1410) at the top along the X axis, and the top of the Y coarse adjustment block (1410) is connected with the corresponding support. The first matching groove (144) is opened in the middle position of the top of the X fine adjustment block (141) along the X axis direction, and the first guide groove (143) is opened on both sides of the first matching groove (144) respectively in parallel with the first matching groove (144); the Y fine adjustment block (147) is provided with two first guide plates (146) at the bottom in correspondence, so that the Y fine adjustment block (147) can slide along the X direction on the X fine adjustment block (141), the X transmission rack (1420) is arranged at the bottom of the Y fine adjustment block (147) in correspondence with the position of the first matching groove (144), the X transmission gear (1419) matched with the X transmission rack (1420) is arranged at the bottom of the X transmission rack (1420), the X transmission gear (1419) is connected to the X transmission shaft (1418), the X transmission shaft (1418) is rotatably connected to the X fine adjustment block (141), and one end of the X transmission shaft (1418) is connected to the fine adjustment knob group; the second matching groove (1416) is opened in the middle position of the top of the Y fine adjustment block (147) along the Y axis direction, and the second guide groove (1415) is opened on both sides of the second matching groove (1416) respectively in parallel with the second matching groove (1416); the bottom of the X coarse adjustment block (148) is provided with two second guide plates (1417) in correspondence, so that the X coarse adjustment block (148) can slide along the Y direction on the Y fine adjustment block (147); the Y transmission rack (1423) is connected to the bottom of the X coarse adjustment block (148) in correspondence with the position of the second matching groove (1416), the Y transmission gear (1422) matched with the Y transmission rack (1423) is arranged at the bottom of the Y transmission rack (1423), the Y transmission gear (1422) is connected to the Y transmission shaft (1421), the Y transmission shaft (1421) is rotatably connected to the Y fine adjustment block (147), and one end of the Y transmission shaft (1421) is connected to the fine adjustment knob group; The X coarse adjustment block (148) is provided with a plurality of first positioning holes (149) on the top along the opposite sides of the X axis direction, the Y coarse adjustment block (1410) is fixed on the top of the X coarse adjustment block (148) through the first positioning bolt (1411) after sliding to the specified position; the second positioning hole (1413) is opened in the top of the Y coarse adjustment block (1410) along the Y axis direction, and the second positioning bolt (1414) is arranged on the top of the Y coarse adjustment block (1410) through the bracket.

6. The single-mode fiber coupling device in a laser confocal optical path according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fine tuning knob set comprises a fine tuning knob (151), the bottom of the fine tuning knob (151) is connected with a clamping disc (152), both sides of the clamping disc (152) are respectively provided with clamping arms (153), the clamping arms (153) are rotatably connected with the side wall of the fine tuning block, one end of the two clamping arms (153) is respectively connected with a sleeve (157) and a threaded hole, the other side of the two clamping arms (153) can clamp the clamping disc (152), the clamping arm (153) provided with the threaded hole is threadedly connected with a jacking threaded rod (156), one end of the jacking threaded rod (156) is sleeved into the sleeve (157) to jacks up the other clamping arm (153), the other end of the jacking threaded rod (156) is connected with a jacking knob (154), and the clamping arm (153) provided with the threaded hole on the jacking threaded rod (156) is externally provided with a self-locking nut (155).

7. The single mode fiber coupling device in a laser confocal optical path according to claim 5, wherein: The adjusting assembly is installed on the optical base plate table (1) through the telescopic connecting rod (7).

8. The single-mode fiber coupling device in a laser confocal optical path according to claim 7, characterized in that: The optical base plate table (1) is made of high-density material.

9. The single mode fiber coupling device in a laser confocal optical path according to claim 7, wherein: The optical base plate table (1) is marked with scale lines.

10. A method of fiber coupling using the single-mode fiber coupling device of any one of claims 4-6, wherein the method comprises: coupling a first single-mode fiber to the first single-mode fiber coupling device; coupling a second single-mode fiber to the second single-mode fiber coupling device; and coupling the first single-mode fiber to the second single-mode fiber via the single-mode fiber coupling device. The method comprises the following steps: S1. Installation: after installing each device at the designated position, the positions of the collimator (3), the dichroic mirror (8) and the coupler (9) are coarsely adjusted through the adjusting assembly (14), the positions of each component are determined, and the positions are fixed through the positioning bolt, the dichroic mirror and the bracket are ensured to be at 45 degrees, and the laser is ensured to be reflected from the collimator to the coupler; S2. Continuous fine adjustment: after the collimator, the dichroic mirror, the coupler and the bracket group are completely fixed, the fine adjustment is continuously performed through the adjusting assembly (14), and the laser beam completely enters the single-mode optical fiber; S3. Real-time monitoring: the single-mode optical fiber coupling state is monitored in real time through the CCD camera (6), and the change of the light spot is observed; when the light spot completely disappears, the display screen presents pure black; S4. Confirming the coupling state: after the display screen becomes black, the output power of the laser (2) is adjusted, and whether the black display can be maintained at different powers is checked; S5. Recording parameters: the position parameters of the bracket and the output parameters of the laser (2) are recorded; S6. Fixing the device: the position of the single-mode optical fiber is fixed, the jacking knob (154) on the jacking threaded rod (156) is rotated to clamp the clamping disc (152), and the position of the adjusting assembly (14) is fixed; S7. Optical power meter measurement: the optical power after coupling is measured through the optical power meter (12), and the coupling effect is calculated; S8. System check: the connection of each part of the system is checked, and the stable connection of the collimator (3), the dichroic mirror (8), the coupler (9), the connecting rod (7), the bracket group, the adjusting assembly (14) and the optical base plate table (1) is ensured; S9. Subsequent operation: after the coupling is completed, subsequent experimental and application operations are performed.

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